Unit 4 The Joy of Work
A FAMOUS QUOTE
Labour is often the father of pleasure.
——Francois-Marie Arouet （Voltaire）勤劳常是快乐之源。——弗朗索瓦-马利·阿鲁埃（伏尔泰）Text A Work Is a Blessing
New Words
blessing n.好事；有益之事
subsistence n.勉强维持生活
sugar cane n.甘蔗
corn n.玉米
hog n.猪
cash n.现金
dairy adj.乳品业的；生产乳品的
complain v. 抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的
brick n. 砖；砖块
hammer n.锤子；榔头
escort n.护送者；护卫队
remind v.提醒；使想起
victim n.受害者；牺牲品
ideology n. 意识形态；观念形态
terrorism n.恐怖主义
depression n.萧条期；经济衰退；不景气
unrest n.动荡；动乱；骚动
illegal adj.不合法的；非法的；违法的
immigrant n. （外来）移民；外侨
trafficking n. 非法交易；非法买卖
dealer n. 贩毒者；毒品贩子
gang n.一帮，一群，一伙（闹事、斗殴的年轻人）
contribute v.增加；增进；添加（到某物）
quit v.停止；戒掉
Phrases and Expressions
bring in 赚得；挣
eke out a living 竭力维持生计；勉强度日
sink in 被完全理解；被充分意识到
look forward to （高兴地）盼望，期待
over and over again 多次；反复地；一再
be prepared for 准备好；有所准备
believe in 认为某事好（对、可接受）：信任
Work Is a Blessing
I grew up in Lakeland, LA, one of 12 children. We all lived on my parents' subsistence farm(自耕自给农场). We grew cotton, sugar cane, corn, hogs, and chickens and had a large garden, but it didn't bring in much cash. So when I was 12, I got a part-time job on a dairy farm down the road, helping to milk cows. We milked 65 cows at 5 in the morning and again at 2 in the afternoon, seven days a week.
工作是一种福气
我在路易斯安那州的莱克兰长大，是家里12个孩子之一。我们所有人都依赖父母的农场勉强维持生活。我们种棉花、甘蔗、玉米，养猪、养鸡，还有一个大花园，但农场没办法让我们有多少收入，所以我在12岁时在马路旁边的一个奶牛场里找了一份兼职工作——帮忙挤牛奶。我要在早晨5点钟为65头奶牛挤奶，下午2点钟还要挤一次，一周工作七天。
In the kitchen one Saturday before daylight, I remember complaining to my father and grandfather about having to go milk those cows. My father said, "Ya know, boy, to work is a blessing."
在一个周六的黎明之前，我记得我在厨房里跟父亲和爷爷抱怨自己一大早还要去给那些奶牛挤奶，父亲说：“儿子，你要知道，能工作是一种福气啊。”
I looked at those two men who had worked harder than I ever had —my father eking out(=making/earning) a living on that farm and my grandfather farming and working as a carpenter during the Depression. I had a feeling I had been told something really important, but it took many years before it sank in(完全被弄懂).
我看着这两个男人，知道他们比我有生以来工作得要更努力——父亲靠那个农场竭力维持生计，而爷爷在大萧条期间既开农场又当木匠。我那时有一种感觉，父亲跟我说了一些非常重要的东西，但许多年后我才真正理解了其中的含义。
Going to college was a rare privilege for a kid from Lakeland. My father told me if I picked something to study that I liked doing, I'd always look forward to my work. But he also added, "Even having a job you hate is better than not having a job at all." I wanted to be a farmer, but I joined the ROTC program to help pay for college. And what started out as an obligation to the Army became a way of life that I stayed committed to for 37 years, three months and three days.
对莱克兰的孩子来说，上大学是一种珍贵的待遇。父亲跟我说，如果我学了自己喜欢从事的内容，我便会一直期待找到适合自己的工作。但他也补充道：“就算从事了自己不喜欢的工作，那也比什么工作都没有要好。”我当时想做一名农夫，但为了减少学费负担，我参加了预备军官训练项目，当初的义务从军便成为我以后的生活方式，我在部队服役长达37年3个月零3天。
本部分重点及难点：
1. I had a feeling I had been told something really important, but it took man y years before it sank in. 我有种感觉--父亲跟我说了一些确实重要的东西，但许多年后我才真正理解。
sink in: be understood
It took man y years for the teachers' words to sink in.
2. And what started out as an obligation to th e Army beca me a wa y of lif e th a t I sta yed committed to f or 37 years, three mon ths and three days.
(1) an obligation to the Army 对于部队的义务
(2) a way of life 生活方式
(3) sta y / be committe d to 致力于
He has been committe d to working for the people he art and soul for more than twenty years.
In the late 1980s, during a visit to Bangladesh, I saw a woman with a baby on her back, breaking bricks with a hammer. I asked a Bangladesh military escort why they weren't using a machine, which would have been a lot easier. He told me a machine would put that lady out of work. Breaking those bricks meant she could earn enough money to feed herself and her baby that day. And as bad as that woman's job was, it was enough to keep a small family alive. It reminded me of my father's words: To work is a blessing.
20世纪80年代晚期，在一次前往孟加拉国期间，我看到一个背着孩子的妇女在用锤子将砖头敲碎。我问该国的一名卫队员为什么他们不用机器，因为那样会容易很多。他跟我说，如果用机器，那个女人便会丢掉工作，而将那些砖头敲碎意味着她能赚到足够的钱让她和她的孩子在那天吃饱。虽然她的工作实在很糟糕，但那却足够养活一个小家庭。这件事让我想起了父亲的话：工作是一种福气。
本部分重点及难点：
And as bad as that woman's job was, it was enough to keep a small fa mily alive.此处疑似错句，应省略前面的as，即改为：And bad as that woman's job was, it was enough to keep a small family alive. 虽然她的工作实在很糟糕，但那却足够养活一个小家庭。
as意为"虽然"，用于倒装，句式如下：
Though he is very you ng, he is ver y learned.=Young as he i s, he is ver y learned. Though he is an old man, he is ver y energetic.=Old man as he is, he is very energetic.
Though I like him ver y much, I won't do his homework for him.
=Much as I like him,I won't do his homework for him.
Though he tried, h e failed again.=Try as he did, he failed again.
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！
【单选题】7. _______, he is ver y gentle and has a sweet voice.
A．As he is boy
B．As he is a boy
C． A boy as he is
D．Boy as he is
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查as用于倒装句。Although/though he is a boy=bo y as he is，这里一定要注意的是修饰可数名词单数形式的不定冠词要省略。这句话的意
思是"虽然他是个男孩，他非常温和而且声音甜美。"
【知识点】as用于倒装句
Serving in the U.S. Army overseas, I saw a lot of people like that woman in Bangladesh. And I have come to believe(逐步相信) that people without jobs are not free. They are victims of crime, the ideology of terrorism, poor health, depression and social unrest. These victims become the illegal immigrants, the slaves of human trafficking, the drug dealers, and the street gang members. I have seen it over and over again on the U.S. border, in Somalia, the Congo, Afghanistan and in New Orleans. People who have jobs can have a home, send their kids to school, develop a sense of pride, contribute to the good of the community, and even help others. When we can work, we are free. We are blessed.
在驻海外的美军部队服役时，我看到许多人都和孟加拉国那个女人一样，于是我开始相信，没有工作的人是不自由的。他们遭受着犯罪、恐怖主义、疾病、经济萧条和社会动荡的侵害，于是这些受害者变成了非法移民，沦为人口贩卖的囚奴、贩毒者和街头帮派的成员。这种景象我一次次地在美国边境、索马里、刚果、阿富汗以及新奥尔良目睹过。有工作的人可以建立家庭，将孩子送到学校上学，内心树立起一种自豪感，增加对社区的积极影响，甚至去帮助他人。当我们有事可做时，我们身心自由，身处幸福之中。
I don't think I will ever quit working. I'm retired from the Army, but I'm still working to help people be prepared for disaster. And I may get to do a little farming someday, too. I'm not going to stop. I believe in my father's words. I believe in the blessing of work.
我觉得我不会停止工作。如今我已从军队退役，但我仍在致力。于帮助人们在灾害来临前做好准备，可能哪天我也要去做点儿农活。我不会停下来的。我相信父亲的话。我相信工作是一种福气。
Exercises
I Checking Your Comprehension
Directions: Choose the best answer to each question from the information given in the passage.
1. The author got a part-time job on a dairy farm _________.
A）to pay for his school tuition
B）to help support his family
C）to get some work experience
D）to earn some pocket money
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第一段第二、三句，“but it didn't bring in much cash. So I got a part-time job……”就可以得出本题答案。答案为B。
2. According to the author, his father and grandfather _________.
A）had worked harder on the farm than he did
B）had made a living by milking cows on a dairy farm
C）had never complained about life on the farm
D）had never left the farm in their lifetime
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第三段第一句有相关信息，“I
looked at those two men who had worked harder than I ever had……”。答案为A。3. The author joined the ROTC program _________.
A）to fulfill his dream
B）to pursue his career
C）to avoid farm work
D）to help pay for college
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第四段第四句“……I joined the ROTC program to help pay for college”可以得出答案。答案为D。
4. Why didn't people in Bangladesh use a machine to replace the woman?
A）Because they couldn't afford to buy a machine.
B）Because they didn't know how to use a machine.
C）Because the woman needed the work to support her family.
D）Because the work could only be done manually.
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第五段第三、四句“He told me……would put that lady out of work. Breaking those bricks meant she
could earn enough money to feed herself and her baby”给出了相关信息。答
案为C。
5. According to the passage, people who don't have jobs will_________.
A）become drug dealers
B）be in difficult situations
C）be in poor health
D）have no free time
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】可以用排除法。根据本文，如果人们不工作将会怎样？选项
中的三个答案：销售毒品、健康受损和没有空闲时间，在文章中都没有涉
及。答案为B。
II Building Your Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.
1. The campaign to drive the drug ____ away will continue. （dealers, dealerships）【正确答案】dealers
【答案解析】dealer，指贩毒者、交易商。dealership 指经稍店。这里指贩
卖毒品的人。答案为dealers。
2. I'm going to ___________ to the manager about this. （complain, complaint）【正确答案】complain
【答案解析】complain动词，抱怨；complaint是名词抱怨的意思，题中“complain to”是向某人抱怨的意思，应选择动词。答案为complain。
3. This method is ___________ used in modern laboratories. （rare, rarely）
【正确答案】rarely
【答案解析】rare，形容词，意为稀少的、稀罕的；rarely是副词，稀少地，在
题中修饰动词use，“is rarely used”意思是很少被应用。答案为rarely。
4. The rain will be a __________for the farmers. （bless, blessing）
【正确答案】blessing
【答案解析】bless为动词，祝福；blessing是名词，表示福气。题中冠词“a”
后，应接名词。答案为blessing。
5. Your suggestion will ______ to solving the problem. （contribute, contribution）【正确答案】contribute
【答案解析】contribute为动词，增进、捐助的意思。这里contribute……to
是固定搭配，是指有助于的意思。contribution 是名词，捐款、贡献之意。
答案为contribute。
6. It is______ to buy cigarettes in Britain if you are under 16. （legal, illegal）【正确答案】illegal
【答案解析】legal 和illegal 互为反义词。legal 合法的，illegal 非法的。根
据题意，在英国16岁以下买烟是非法的。答案为illegal。
Section B
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
commit unrest quit immigrant
dairy victim trafficking subsistence
1. The President is____________ to reforming health care.
【正确答案】committed
【答案解析】be committed to 为固定搭配，意为“承诺、保证做某事，坚
定地……”。句意是“总统承诺进行医疗改革。”答案为committed。
2. The majority of black African people rely on _________ agriculture for survival. 【正确答案】dairy
【答案解析】dairy agriculture意为“乳品农业”。句意是“多数非洲黑人依
赖乳制品农业生存。”答案为dairy。
3. Many students here are second-or third-generation_______________.
【正确答案】immigrants
【答案解析】second-or third-generation immigrants表示“第二代或第三代
移民”。immigrant是名词，意为“移民”，这里应用其复数形式。句意是“这
里许多学生是第二代或第三代移民。”答案为immigrants。
4. General___________ in the country increased as hunger set in.
【正确答案】unrest
【答案解析】unrest，是“动乱、骚动”的意思，trafficking意为“非法交易”，
但是general意为“通常的、一般的”，与trafficking 搭配更为符合。unrest
一般指“较剧烈的社会动荡、骚乱”等。此句可理解为“当一个国家发生饥
荒，动乱就会增多。”答案为unrest。
5. Have you ever used nicotine replacement products to help you________ smoking? 【正确答案】quit
【答案解析】quit smoking，固定搭配，意思为“戒烟”。句意是“你有没
有用过尼古丁替代其他产品来帮助你戒烟呢？”答案为quit。
6. He is a/an ___________ of an illness over which he has no control.
【正确答案】victim
【答案解析】victim，意为“受害者”。he is a victim of an illness意为“他是
某种疾病的受害者”。答案为victim。
Section C
Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.
1. She often complains ___________ not feeling appreciated at work.
【正确答案】about/ of
【答案解析】complain of/ about sth. 是固定搭配，意为“抱怨某事”。句意
是“她常常抱怨，感觉自己在工作上不被赏识。“答案为about/ of。
2. Hearing that song always reminds me________ a certain night in Santa Cruz. 【正确答案】of
【答案解析】remind sb. of sth. 是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人某事”。句
意是“听到这首歌总让我想起在惠特的那个夜晚。“答案为of。
3. I'm really looking forward ________ our summer vacation.
【正确答案】to
【答案解析】look forward to sth./ doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“期待做
某事”。句意是“我非常期待暑假的到来。”答案为to。
4. The sale of the house only brought_________ about $45,000.
【正确答案】in
【答案解析】bring in是固定搭配，是“赚、挣”的意思。句意是“卖这所
房子只挣了四万五千美元。”答案为in。
5. Helen believes ___________ jogging for her health.
【正确答案】in
【答案解析】believe in sth.是固定搭配，意为“坚信某事”。句意是“海伦
坚信慢跑有助于她的健康。”答案为in。
6. The only way to learn the script is to say it to yourself over and over_______. 【正确答案】again
【答案解析】over and over again，指“多次、一遍一遍地重复”。句意是“学会
这份剧本的唯一方法是你自己一遍一遍地说。”答案为again。
III Bridging the Gap
Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.
improve stressed check out clearing away arrive
weight priority different routine route
We all get the Monday blues from time to time , but there are ways to ①_________ your working life and be happy at work. If you're going through a rough patch at work or are lacking job satisfaction, ②__________these ways to boost your mood and have a happier work day.
1.
【正确答案】improve
【答案解析】improve，动词，意为“改善”。根据上下文，上半句提到了周一工作苦恼，紧接着作者将给出帮助我们改善工作生活、快乐工作的方法。答案为improve。
2.
【正确答案】check out
【答案解析】check out，固定搭配，此处为“试试、看看”的意思。答案为check out。
If your workday often leaves you feeling ③________ and overwhelmed, it is time to calm things down by getting more organized. Firstly, make sure you ④________ a few minutes early for work to give you time to organize your tasks for the day and get mentally prepared. Secondly, organize your space by ⑤___________ any clutter and streamlining your workspace. Finally, make a list of everything that you need to do that day in order of ⑥ ___________. If you can, try taking care of the more difficult things first to help take a ⑦ ___________ off your mind.
3.
【正确答案】stressed
【答案解析】句中feeling overwhelmed指“感到被压垮”。根据文意，and连接两
个意思相近的词，应该选择意思与overwhelmed 相近的词。stressed 指“有压力的”，与文意相符。答案为stressed。
4.
【正确答案】arrive
【答案解析】此处缺少谓语，首先判断用动词，根据上下文，作者建议早到一会
儿以做些准备工作。arrive a few minutes early，意为“早到几分钟”。答案为arrive。
5.
【正确答案】clearing away
【答案解析】clear away，固定搭配，意为“清除”。clear away any clutter是“清除
杂物”之意。答案为clearing away。
6.
【正确答案】priority
【答案解析】priority，名词，意为“优先权、优步考虑的事”。作者建议把一天
工作内容列出来，以便找出优先考虑的事。答案为priority。
7.
【正确答案】weight
【答案解析】take a weight off your mind，固定搭配，意思为“使你的头脑放轻松”。答案为weight。
Variety is the spice of life, and this is never truer than when it comes to your working day. Following the same ⑧___________ day in, day out can quickly cause boredom and dissatisfaction to set in, so try making every day a little ⑨ ___________ in any way you can. Try doing routine tasks in a different order, talking to someone new or taking a different ⑩ ___________ to work. If you really can't shake up your workday itself, instead try organizing something fun and different to do on your lunch break every so often.
8.
【正确答案】routine
【答案解析】the same routine day in day out，这句话可以理解为“日常工作日复
一日地千篇一律”。routine 名词，指“日常工作、常规”，day in and day out，词
组，意思为“日复一日”。答案为routine。
9.
【正确答案】different
【答案解析】根据上下文，千篇一律的日子会让人厌烦和不满，所以我们努
力来使之变得不一样。different，形容词，意为“不同的”。答案为different。
10.
【正确答案】route
【答案解析】taking a different route to work，意为“采用不同的工作方法”。route，名词，意为“路线、途径”。答案为route。
Organizing Your Ideas
Directions: Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph.
1. Societies go through cycles.
2. One generation works hard and plays little.
3. Work has become a four-letter word for many people.
4. Right now we seem to be in a pro-play, anti-work feeling.
5. Another generation reverses the trend.
【正确答案】12543
【答案解析】本题的作者写出了两代人对工作持有的两种不同态度。句子1是开头句，大意是社会在循环运转，在此处起到引出下文的作用，可以放到句首。句子2和句子5，分别提出两代人对工作的不同态度，可以放在中间。句子2写一代人努力工作，很少玩乐；句子5写另一代对此持有相反态度。而句子4和句子3可以看作是句子5的具体展开，可以放在最后。
课后习题参考答案
Text A
I . 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B
II . Section A
1. Dealers
2. Complain
3. Rarely
4. Blessing
5. Contribute
6. illegal
Section B
l. Committed 2. Subsistence 3 . Immigrants 4. Unrest 5. Quit 6. victim Section C
1. about
2. of
3. to
4. in
5. in
6. again
Ⅲ. 1.check out 2. Improve 3. Stressed 4. Arrive 5. clearing away
6. Priority
7. Weight
8. Routine
9. Different 10. route
IV. Section A
1. she is looking forward to seeing you
2. If you always complain about being short of time for work
3. will contribute to the development of the suburbs
4. reminds her of her miserable childhood
5. we were prepared for the worst
Section B
不管你是在等餐位还是在等着做脑部手术，做任何工作都是为他人提供服务，让他们的生活过得好一点。我们都曾经有过这样的经历：一些人的工作提升了我们，使我们的生活发生了变化，或是让我们非常沮丧，日子变得更糟糕。我们都遇到过非常优秀的人，他们的工作是擦地板，而那些不太优秀的人，工作却非常好。因此，不管你做什么工作，你如何在工作中投入爱心？要对自己的工作心怀感激。心怀感激并不是说要一直做自己不喜欢的工作，而是说你在工作的时候能够培养积极的心态。你不喜欢自己的工作，但是你也许喜欢跟那些同事在一起，
这就是应该感激的地方。心怀感激的时候，你在工作上会更加乐观，心情也更加愉快。
V. 1 2 5 4 3
VI. 近年来，劳动力市场上的大学毕业生越来越多了，大学生毕业找到理想的工作也就变得越来越困难了。他们应该待在家里啃老还是从事不太如人意的工作呢？你怎么看待社会上的啃老族？请给出理由和建议。
Text B
New words
1. paradox n. 矛盾的人（或事情、情况）
2. simultaneous adj. 同时发生（或进行）的；同步的
3. reward n. 奖励；回报；报酬
4. entrepreneur n. 创业者；企业家=enterpriser
5. exclude v. 把…排斥在外；防止…进入；阻止…参加
6. tragic adj. 悲惨的；悲痛的；可悲的
tragedy
tragedian 悲剧演员，悲剧作家
comedy
7. passion n. 情感；激情
passionate
8. sound adj. 明智的；合理的；正确的；可靠的
9. process n.（为达到某一目标的）过程；进程
10. crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键的
11. privileged adj. 荣幸的；幸运的
12. motivation n. 动机；原因
13. prioritize v. 按重要性排列；划分优先顺序
prior
priority
-r （+ity构成名词），再如：regularity, similarity, familiarity, popularity
14. pattern n. 模式；方式
15. strategy n. 策划；规划；部署；统筹安排
16. routine n. 常规；正常顺序
17. sight n. 视力范围；视野
18. solely adv. 仅；只：惟；单独地
19. logistics n. 后勤；物流；组织工作
20. locally adv. 在本地
21. competitor n. （尤指商业方面的）竞争者，对手
compete with/against sb. for sth.
competitive
competition
22. room n. 可能性；机会
There is still a lot of room for progress.
23. niche n. （商品的）商机；市场定位
24. unique adj. 独特的；罕见的
25. survive v. 生存；存活；继续存在
survive a fire / a war / a flood / an accident / an earthquake
survive a person
survivor
survival
He is one of the lucky survivors in this accident.
Darwin's Theory of Evolution can be character ized as survival of the fittest.
26. client n. 客户；顾客
27. finance n. （个人、组织、国家的）财力，财源，财务管理
28. purchase n. 购买；采购
29. obligation n. （已承诺的或法律等规定的）义务，责任
30. down payment n. （分期付款的）首期付款；预付金；定金
31. mortgage n. 按揭；按揭贷款
32. trash can n. 垃圾桶
33. garage n. 停车房；车库
34. fixture n. 固定设施
35. landscape v. 对…做景观美化；美化…的环境
36. exceed v. 超过
37. boundary n. 边界；界限；分界线
38. exhaustive adj. 详尽的；彻底的
39. viability n. 可行性
40. run （使）运转，运行；操作
41. assume v. 假定；假设；认为
assumption
42. alleviate v. 减轻；缓和；缓解
43. seasoned adj. 富有经验的；老于此道的
44. offer v. 主动提出；愿给予
45. aspire v. 渴望（成就）；有志（成为）
aspiration
inspiration
perspiration
respiration
Edison once said genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. 46. various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的
vary
variet y
47. counsel n. 劝告；忠告；建议
48. makeshift adj. 临时替代的；权宜的
49. license n. 许可证；许可证；执照
50. presence n. 存在；出现
51. unparalleled adj. 无比的；无双的；空前的；绝无仅有的
52. professional adj. 职业的；专业的
53. career n. 生涯；职业
54. feed v. 满足（希望、愿望、欲望等）
Phrases and Expressions
1. lie in 存在；在于
2. bargain for 预料到；料想到
3. be/feel obliged to do sth. 荣幸地做某事
4. bring…to the table 带来（好处）
5. at/in/to the forefront of… 处在最前列；进入重要地位
6. in plain sight 显而易见
7. get…up 安排；组织
8. seek out 寻求
9. in place 在工作；准备就绪
10. apply for （通常以书面形式）申请，请求
How to Start Your Own Business
The paradox(悖论)of starting your own business lies in the simultaneous challenge and reward, making it an experience unlike any other. So many businesses fail, and most entrepreneurs exclude themselves from the possibility. The tragic reality is that when businesses fail, the passion often dies with it. By following some sound
advice and being prepared for the process, you will decrease your chances of losing a lot more than you bargained for（期望）. I have recently started a business and have learned some crucial lessons in the process that I feel privileged（=honored/lucky）to share with you.
如何开始自己创业
和其他的经历不同，自己创业的矛盾之处在于挑战和收益并存。很多企业倒闭，而大多数企业家则能全身而退。然而残酷的现实是，跟着企业一起倒下的，还有创业的激情。然而在准备过程中的一些忠告则会让你比预计的少一些损失。最近我也在创业，并且在其中学习到了一些重要的经验教训，我很荣幸与你分享。
1. Identify your motivation. Why do you want to start your own business? To have more time? To make more money? To be your own boss? To have creative control over what you love to do? Write out all of your motivating factors and prioritize them. When you see them listed, you might see a pattern（风格，特色）in that you're just unhappy at your current job and starting your own business isn't the answer.
1．明确你的动机所在。你为何要创业?为了有更多的时间?为了赚更多的钱?为了自己当老板?为了能有创造性地掌控你喜欢做的事情?写出所有激励你的因素，并排出先后顺序。当你列好以后再看。如果发现你只是对现在的工作不满意，那么创业绝不是你想要的。
2. Identify your passion. What do you love to do? What skills and knowledge do you uniquely bring to the table（拿得出手）? What gets you excited about your work? Keep that passion at the forefront of your business plan, your marketing strategies, and your daily routine. If you keep your passion in plain sight（显而易见）, you will stay focused on the purpose of your business and not solely on the logistics（后勤）.
2．明确你的激情所在。你喜欢做什么?你有什么样的独门绝技?什么能让你对你的工作很兴奋?把激情置于你的商业计划、营销策略和日常生活之前。如果你能保持激情，你就能更加专注于创办公司的目的，而不仅仅是运营。
3. Identify your market. If you are starting your business locally, research your competitors. Determine if there is room(余地，空间) in the market for your business. What will you do differentl y to draw in customers? What niche market are the other businesses missing? If you are starting an Intern et company, research the requir ements for your own unique Web presence. Your business cannot survive without customers, so do enough research on the front end to determine if there are enough potential clients to keep your business alive.
3．明确你的市场所在。如果你想在本地创业，关注你的竞争对手。确定市场是否有你的立足之地。你能用什么不同的方式来吸引客户?其他公司缺少什么样的市场定位?如果你打算开创一家网络公司，研究一下你的公司存在的特别之处。客户是你的公司存在之本，因此提前做足研究，确保有足够的潜在客户能维持你的公司。
4. Identify your finances. If you have ever purchased a new home, you know that the financial obligations（债务）extend beyond the down payment and the mortgage. You have to buy furniture, trash cans, a
garage door opener, light fixtures and landscaping equipment（景观美化设备）, and before you know it, you've far exceed ed your financial boundaries. That can happen just as easily in a business. Do exhaustive（详尽的）financial planning. Meet with a financial advisor or someone at your bank to examine the financial viability of your business and the process of getting it up and running. Plan wisely and do not assume the best about your business. Be prepared for financial loss and get advice on how to alleviate that burden in the future.
4．明确你的财政状况。如果你刚买了房，你必须清楚随首付和月供而来的财政义务。你还要添置家具、垃圾桶、车库门遥控开关、灯具和绿化设备。在你反应过来之前，这已经远远超过你的财政预算了。这在创业中是很常见的。做详尽的财政规划。找个财政顾问或者银行专员，核算你在启动和运营公司的时候财务上的可行性。理智规划，做最坏的打算。为经济损失提前做好准备，咨询如何减轻未来可能承受的财政负担。
5. Identify your support s ystem. Seek out advice from seasoned business owners, even those in your own field. Develop relationships with people who can offer sound（=r i g h t）advice and criticism that you might not see. If there is a business owner in your community or in your network that you aspire to model, examine his or her business practices and how they handle various situations. Ask for counsel before big decisions, and even create your own makeshift Board of Directors to help guide you in the planning and start-up process.
5．明确你的支持体系。向经验丰富的企业家求教，包括同领域的。和那些能提出可靠建议和批评的人搞好关系。如果你周围或者朋友圈里有你钦佩的企业家，研究学习他或她的业务实践以及他们如何处理各种情况。做重大决策前多多请教，甚至在规划和启动过程中设立临时董事会来帮助出谋划策。
Once you have all of these el ements in place（准备好）, you are prepared to start the process of developing a business plan, app lying for a license, establishing a marketing presence（营销实体）, etc. Owning your own business can be unparalleled in the professional world, and if you surround yourself with wise counsel, you can have a career that daily feed s your passion.
一旦你已经对上述问题成竹在胸，那么你就可以开始制定商业计划、申请执照、在市场中崭露头角了。能在专业领域拥有自己的公司美不堪言，如果你能时时听取明智的建议，那么你就可以每天激情满满地工作了。
本文重点及难点：
1. If you keep your passion in plain sight, you will s ta y focus ed on the purpose of your business and not solely on the logistics.
(1) keep sth. in pla in sight 显而易见，一览无余
(2) sta y focused on 关注于
2. Owning your own b usiness can be unparalleled in the profession al world, and if you surround yourself with wise counsel, you can have a career that daily feeds your passion.
(1) unparalleled 无双的，无与伦比的，空前的
(2) surround yourself with wise counsel 征求他人的建议
(3) a career that feeds your passion 满足你的热情的事业，充满激情的事业课后习题参考答案
Text B
I . Section A
l. Y 2.NG 3. N 4.N 5. N 6. N
Section B
1. both challenge and reward
2. customers
3. the purpose of your business and not solely on the logistics
4. your financial boundaries
5. sound advice and criticism
6. the planning and start-up process
II . Section A
1 . Exhaustive 2. Survival 3 . Various
4. Motivation
5. Profession
6. competitive
Section B
1. Sound
2. exceeded
3. Prioritize
4. unique
5. pattern
6. routine Section C
1. in
2. from
3. for
4. out
5. for
6. in
Ⅲ. Section A
1. Those who feel privileged to work with him
2. we need security guards in place
3. we can completely assume that he is not in the city
4. it may be impossible for the refugees to survive the winter
5. for those who exceed the speed limit
Section B
在决定自己的选择之前，先仔仔细细、认认真真地审视一下你开公司的动机。好多人想发财，逃避公司枯燥乏味的工作，缩短工作时间，延长闲暇时间。以上这些原+因没有一个能促进公司成功的。如果你侧重于解决顾客的问题或者满足顾客的需求，相信你能够比别人做得更好；渴望延长工作时间，身兼数职，承担诸多责任，这样你就能摆正创业的心态了。此外，你还需要具备一些人格特质，比如，要乐于自己一个人努力工作．至少在第一年（也许更长的时间）里是这样的。
IV. Section A
1. Anybody would feel the same way if you had a teacher like me.
2. I read an interesting story about sportsmen in a magazine.
3. The climate in the coastal cities is much warmer than that in the interior ones.
4. When we ran down the hill, the farmhouse came into view.
5. To get ready for the trip, he put all the things needed into a suitcase.
Section B
A first date can end up being categorized as a successful, a clingy, a boastful or an awkward one.
Self-Assessment I
第一部分：阅读判断题
I.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5. B 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A
第二部分：阅读选择
11. D 12.B 13. D 14.C 15.A
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子
16.E 17.A 18.F 19.B 20.C 21.B 22.E 23.D 24.C 25.A
第四部分：填句补文
26.F 27.A 28.D 29.C 30.B
第五部分：填词补文
3I.H 32.D 33.C 34.A 35.K 36.L 37.F 38.E 39.J 40.B
第六部分：完形补文
41.encourage 42.careful 43.particularly 44.implications 45.trained 46.impression 47. communication 48. respectful 49.designer 50. logical 第七部分：短文写作
略
Unit 1 The Power of Language Text A Pre-reading Questions 1.Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading? 2.What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically? Critical Reading Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying ,and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader. 批判性阅读 批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。批判性阅读是积极阅读。它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。 Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author. 考虑写作背景。你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的，或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。无论哪种情况，你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同。 Question assertion s made by the author. Don’t accept what is written at face value. Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if
2012考研英语二真题及答案 Section I USE of English Directions : Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points) Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2 man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3 all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes，who went without the 4 of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid , 5 an average guy ,up 6 the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7 Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8 to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9 it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10 had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a 11 career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a 12 of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle 13 portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the 14 side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were 15 or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports 16 the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men 17 the dirt and exhaustion of war, the 18 of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. 19 Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier, 20 the most important person in their lives. 1. [A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2. [A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3. [A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4. [A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5. [A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6. [A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7. [A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8. [A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9. [A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10. [A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11. [A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12. [A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13. [A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned
第1课Text A 批判性地阅读 批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。批判性阅读是积极阅读。它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。 考虑写作背景。你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的，或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。无论哪种情况，你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同。 质疑作者的论点。不要轻信作品的表面意思。在接受作者观点前，首先要确定作者作出的每一个论点都有足够的论据支持。找出能支持该论点的事实、实例、和数据。另外，注意作者是否参考了权威著作。 与同主题文章进行比较。查看该作者的文章与其他作者关于同一主题的文章是否有一致性。如果存在不一致性，对不一致的地方背后的论据支持要进行仔细甄别。 分析作者提出的假设。假设是作者认为具有正确性的前提，基于这些前提作者才能提出论点。很多时候作者的假设并没有直接说明，这就意味着你必须通过仔细阅读来发现这些假设。一旦发现某一假设，你必须判断这一假设是否合理。 鉴别文章出处。鉴别时要确保文章出处真实可信。例如，如果文章是关于物理学里程碑式的成就，那么爱因斯坦的论述就是可靠的出处。此外还要确保出处具有相关性。如果文章主题是诗歌，那么爱因斯坦的论述就不是相关出处。最后，如果作者写的是某个主题当前的情形，那就要确保出处来源也是当前最新的。例如，如果作者讨论的是物理学知识的现状，那么爱因斯坦在二十世纪早期进行的研究可能就不适合作出处了。 甄别作者可能带有的偏见。有关美国政治的书面论述可能因作者是共和党人或民主党人迥然而异。作者所写的内容很可能反映其带有偏见的立场。阅读时要考虑到这种偏见存在的可能性。也就是说，要对文章内容“半信半疑”。 成为一名批判性阅读者，你的思路会不断拓宽，观点会更加合理。 第1课Text B 自信的语言 语言能影响我们的大脑。掌握语言就能在很大程度上掌握我们的生活和命运。将语言发挥到极致可以极大地改善我们的生活质量，这一点至关重要。 再短的单词也能对我们的潜意识产生深远的影响。我们的潜意识就像一个孩子，分不清真实发生的事和自己想象的事。它渴望取悦，乐意听从你给它的任何命令，而你是有意还是无意地做这些完全取决于你。’ “尽力” 这是一个简单的词，却能对我们产生不简单的影响。如果有人说“我会尽力做这件事的”，
Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based
2012年考研英语(二)真题试题及答案 Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned 14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human 15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained 16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted
Unit 10 Ode to Public Transportation A Famous Quote: Plain living and high thinking. –William Wordsworth William Wordsworth (1770-1850), one of the greatest English poets. He was a leader of the romantic movements in England and one of the greatest lyric poets in the history of English literature. Text A: The Importance of Public Transportation Pre-reading Questions: 1. Do you find it important to use public transportation? What are some of the reasons? 2. What suggestions do you give to others on using public transportation? A US Congressman once proclaimed that, “There can be no doubt that the transportation sector is the most critical sector of our economy.” I know exactly what he means. In this day and age, access to transportation is considered a necessity. Public transportation is defined as a service that is available for use by the general public. It is a cheaper and environmentally friendly alternative. It is not a transportation service that you can arrange privately to suit your own personal convenience (although you may, to a certain extent, such as paying for cabin or suite on a train or ship) since you have to consider other passengers who are riding and making similar arrangements with you. I have experienced first-hand how important public transportation is. I live in Saipan, a US territory and the closest things we have to public transportation are tourist and school buses. You have to have your own car or bike, rent a car, or pay upfront for a taxi to go from point A to point B. Otherwise you end up basked in a sweat and sunburn traveling to work every day. When I first came here, I walked. I walked going to and from work. I walked to the store and lugged my heavy groceries back to the house. I walked to church and I barely got to places farther than a twenty-mile radius from my house since I did not own a car then, and I considered renting a car and riding a taxi such an expense for a starting single mother like I was at that time. For me, public transportation is very important because of the following
2012考研英语二真题 Section1Use of Eninglish Directions: Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy,the symbol of American military adventurism,but that’s not how it used to be.To the men and women who1)in World War II and the people they liberated,the GI.was the2)man grown into hero,the pool farm kid torn away from his home,the guy who3)all the burdens of battle,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the4)of food and shelter,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder.this was not a volunteer soldier,not someone well paid,5)an average guy,up 6)the best trained,best equipped,fiercest,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI.is just a military abbreviation7)Government Issue,and it was on all of the article8)to soldiers.And Joe?A common name for a guy who never9)it to the top.Joe Blow,Joe Magrac…a working class name.The United States has10)had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI.joe had a(11)career fighting German,Japanese,and Korean troops.He appers as a character,or a(12)of american personalities,in the1945movie The Story of GI.Joe,based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle.Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film.Pyle was famous for covering the(14)side of the warl,writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers,not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated,His reports(16)the“willie”cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden.Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war,the(18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.(19)Egypt,France,and a dozen more countries, G.I.Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed 2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal 3.[A]bore[B]cased[C]removed[D]loaded 4.[A]necessities[B]facilitice[C]commodities[D]propertoes 5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to pay for regular maintenance and repairs to the vehicle. Since you must return the car finally, you are paying to repair someone else's car.
教材自测（一）答案和解析 Self-Assessment 1（教材182页） 第一部分：阅读判断 1.[解析]文章第一段中提到了应聘者提出的几个问题：What are my...my hobbies ，由此可以看出他们关注的更多是公司给予的“假期”待遇，而非工作本身带来的经历、价值和成长空间等。所以题干的说法是正确的。答案为A。 2.[解析]第二段第一句就说到Good work...work experience，即好的工作态度、习惯和技术来自工作经历而非在学校可以学到。所以题干说法是错误的。答案为B。 3.[解析]第二段第三行讲到I would enter our barnyard...the milking barn，即需要给10至12只奶牛挤奶，至于说是不是一共有12头牛，或者父母会帮忙给余下的其他奶牛挤奶，文章并未提及。答案为C。 4.[解析]第二段最后讲到父母每天早晨都会对奶牛问好，Good morning.It's good to seeyou！然后后面提到I didn't feel quite the same way，这说明作者和父母的感受不同，不愿意清早起床挤牛奶。答案为A。 5.[解析]第三段最后一句提到It made me...to the road, 所以作者是将牛奶捅提到路边等待。牛奶厂的人来接货，而没提到运到集市去卖。答案为C。 6.[解析]第四段首句提到My father and mother...helped me with milking the cows ，即我的父母经常帮我一起挤牛奶，所以题干中说“我经常独自一人挤牛奶”是错误的。答案为B。 7.[解析]第四段倒数第二句指出To my father...as it may seem ，即对于父亲来说，挤牛奶看上去并没有那么复杂。unsophisticated意为不复杂的、简单的，与complicated（复杂的）语义相反。因此题干说法是错误的。答案为B。 8.[解析]第四段第二行指出But Father...needed to be milked，意为奶牛也需要被挤奶，和题干含义吻合。答案为A。 9.[解析]通过第四段讲到父亲对待日常很重复性的挤牛奶的工作的态度，不认为那是一种负担，认为那不仅仅是一项工作，也是一项服务。父亲的哲学态度感染了作者，因此第五段讲到了作者对生活和工作的态度的转变；认识到每种工作都有其意义所在（all honest work is honorable）, 所以题干的说法虽然文中并没有直接显示出，但是通过内容可以推测出来。答案为A。 10.[解析]第五段最后一句给出了答案，Self-confidence and empowerment can serve us well,即Self-confidence和empowerment会在我们的工作中和生活中帮助我们。因此题干的说法是正确的。答案为A。 第二部分：阅读选择 11.[解析]第一段讲了9·11事故中，Avremel冒着生命危险，在所有人都逃离大厦的时候，陪伴着自己瘫痪的朋友兼同事Ed Beyea，结果两人都失去了生命（Both men lost their lives）。答案为D。 12.[解析]第四段提到They both loved books and music，即两人都喜欢书籍和音乐，与B项内容吻合。答案为B。 13.[解析]第三段开头提到Ed became disabled after a diving accident，即Ed是在跳水中出了事故，而并非driving （驾驶），所以C项是错误的。B项意为Avremel 年轻的时候喜欢跳水，文中无相关信息。A项意为Avremel 在工作后照顾Ed的生活，文中也无相关信息。D项意为Ed无法独自下楼，文中提到Ed四肢瘫痪，所以肯定是无法独自下楼，此项可由文中内容推测出。答案为D。 14.[解析]第五段讲到Ed想等到救援人员来将其安全救出，因为任何人如果想带着四肢残疾的他逃命都会很危险。Avremel 不想他的朋友独自等待，所以留下来陪伴。综合考虑，只有C项最符合。答案为C。 15.[解析]9·11事件之后，布什进行了国家祈祷的演讲。address 可表示演讲、演说。因此只有A项符合。答案为A。 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子 16.[解析]第一段首句给出了我们相关的信息，Mistakes have a way of focusing our attention at…in our face，即错误会给我们一种集中精力和直面关键问题的方法。综合来看，只有E项中出现了关键词focus our attention 。答案为E。 17.[解析]第二段通过事例讲到人应该不惧怕犯错误，才能改正错误，让自己进步。A项中的关键词encourage taking risks 符合本段语境。答案为A。
2017年考研英语二 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without is no different， with academics， writers， and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital， and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.. A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7 Americans. Also， some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today， the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters. 1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring 2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty 3. [A]