little和a little修饰不可数名词
few和a few修饰可数名词
littl和few强调少
a little和a few强调有一些.
(a) few + 可数名词,(a) little + 不可数名词
a few / a little 为肯定含义,还有一点
few / little 为否定含义,没有多少了.
He has a few friends.他有几个朋友.
He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友.
We still have a little time.我们还有点时间. There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了. 典型例题:
Although he 's wealthy,he spends___ on clothes.
A.little
B.few
C.a little
D.a few
知识讲解什么可以修饰可数名词什么可以修饰不可数名词 一、somｅ和aｎy的用法： （1）两者修饰可数复数名词和不可数名词,表一些；有些。 〔2)一般的用法：ｓome用于肯定句；any用于疑问句,否定句或条件句。 I aｍlooｋing foｒｓomｅmatcheｓ. Do ｙou ｈave any matchｅｓ？ I do ｎｏt have any ｍatcheｓ. (3)特殊的用法： (A）在期望对方肯定的回答时，问句也用somｅ。 Ｗill you lenｄ me some moneｙ? (=Ｐlease lend me some mｏnｅy.）（B） any表任何或任何一个时,也可用于肯定句。 Comｅaｎy ｄay you ｌiｋe. 二、ｍany和mucｈ的用法: （1）many修饰复数可数名词,表许多; ｍuｃh修饰不可数名词,表量或程度。Ｈe ｈas ｍany frｉends, but few ｔrue oｎｅｓ. Tｈeｒe hａsn't beｅn mｕch goｏd weather recｅｎｔlｙ. （2)many a: mａny ａ和maｎｙ同义,但语气比较强，并且要与单数名词及单数形动词连用。Manｙ a prｉsonｅr haｓ been set fｒee．(=Maｎｙ prｉｓonｅrs ha ｖe ｂeen set fｒee．) 三. （a) feｗ和（ａ）ｌittle的用法: (1) （a) feｗ用在复数可数名词之前，（a) little用在不可数名词之前。 He tｏok a few bｉscuiｔs． (=sevｅral）Ｈe tｏoｋ few biscuits(=no ｔｍanｙ） He tｏok ａｌｉtｔle buｔtｅr． (=some) He ｔoｏk little
专题一名词 主要考查三个方面： 1、联系上下文，考查同义词、近义词辨析； 2、可数名词的单复数、不可数名词、抽象名词、名词词 组的意义和用法； 3、名词的固定搭配和习惯用语。 ◆名词的数 规则名词的复数形式
可数名词复数形式的不规则变化
常见的不可数名词
不可数名词的量化 a block of一块； a bottle of一瓶 a group of一群； a pile of一堆 a pair of一组/双/对； a piece of一片/张/块既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的词
【2016 广东】 The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it, you should be careful. A. glass B. glasses C. candle D. candles 【2016广西来宾】
—There are many ____ about this farm. —Yes, lots of ____ are planted on it. A. photo; potato B. photos; potatos C. photos; potatoes D. photoes; potatoes 1. Help yourself to some_______. There are lots of vitamins in them. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. potatos you take a plane, you cannot take ______ onto the plane with you. A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. a knives 3. The _______ have caught the two_______ already. A. policeman; thief B. policemen; thiefs C. policemen; thieves D. policeman; thieves 【2016重庆】It’s sports time. Most students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. A. boy B. boys C. boy’s D. boys’ 【2015攀枝花】All the are from ． A. men doctors; Germany B. men doctors; German C. man doctors; Germany D. man doctor; German 【2015广安】 —How many can you see in the picture —Two． A. dog B. child C. sheeps D. sheep 【2015天河】
I.找出下列笑话中的可数名词，并写出其复数形式： In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, that‘s true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!” II.找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式： homework ______ half ______ advice______ money ______ knowledge ______ boot _____ blood ______ music ______ chicken ________ heat _____ mouth ______ bread _______ information ______ milk _____ cow _______ tear ________ III.选择填空： 1．The deer has four ______ A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots 2．Her two brothers are both ______. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens 3．There are four _____ and two ______ in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans 4．Two ______ would come to the village. A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors 5．Can you see nine _____ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse 6．The _____ has two ______. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 7．The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 8．The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study.A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9．There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss 10. The cat caught two ______ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices 三.用所给名词的适当形式填空。 1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill? 2. There is some________(food) in the basket. 3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle. 5. There are five________(people ) in his family. 6. Let's take________(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of________(tomato) here. 8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow. 9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now. 10. Their________(dictionary) look new. 11. I see you have a few white________(hair). 12. They are________(woman) doctors. 13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please? 14. There are many________(fox) in the picture 15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty. There be句型
Countable Nouns Countable nouns are easy to recognize. They are things that we can count. For example: "pen". We can count pens. We can have one, two, three or more pens. Here are some more countable nouns: ?dog, cat, animal, man, person ?bottle, box, litre ?coin, note, dollar ?cup, plate, fork ?table, chair, suitcase, bag Countable nouns can be singular or plural: ?My dog is playing. ?My dogs are hungry. We can use the indefinite article a/an with countable nouns: ?A dog is an animal. When a countable noun is singular, we must use a word like a/the/my/this with it: ?I want an orange. (not I want orange.) ?Where is my bottle? (not Where is bottle?) When a countable noun is plural, we can use it alone: ?I like oranges. ?Bottles can break. We can use some and any with countable nouns: ?I've got some dollars. ?Have you got any pens? We can use a few and many with countable nouns: ?I've got a few dollars. ?I haven't got many pens.
初一可数名词和不可数名词讲解 定义：1可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；因此它有复数形式，当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式。 2.不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西；它一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式，它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an 。 可数名词用法讲解 可数名词有单复数之分。 ㈠单数可数名词 1. 单数可数名词一般不会单独出现，前面通常要有限定词。 例如：She is friend(friend 前面加上my.) I have pen.(pen前面加上a) I like boy.(boy前面加上this) 限定词通常有三类。 ⑴冠词。经常用不定冠词a、an。 ⑵形容词性物主代词。 ⑶指示代词this、that 。this、that可用the代替。 2.单数可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数，谓语动词使用三单（单数）形式。 My father is (be) very tall. His brother likes (like) playing basketball.
㈡可数名词的复数形式。 1．单数变复数 规则变化 a.一般情况下，直接加-s.如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b.如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e.以o结尾，通常加s.初中范围只有这四个词Negro hero potato potato 这 四个词加es 如tomato -potatoes. tomato-tomatoes巧记黑人英雄种西红柿和马铃薯这四个词es 不规则变化： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese. 2．什么时候使用可数名词的复数形式？ a.数词大于1，可数名词用复数。 b.可数名词前有Some/any、these/those 、a lot of/lots of、many、How many、a few修饰时，可数名词用复数。 Some/any+可复 a lot of/lots of+可复 Many+可复 How many+可复 A few+可复 c.复数名词表示泛指是可数名词使用复数形式。
名词知识讲解那些不可数名词前加形容词后可以变成可数名词 同一名词作可数名词和不可数名词的意义差别 1）某些名词在不同的场合下分别用作可数名词或不可数名词，分别表不同的意义。 Paper was first made by the ancient Chinese. Each student has got a test paper. The hall is beautiful with all the doors made of glass. The waiter brought me a glass and poured milk into it. The cottage is on fire. The girl is learning how to make a fire. The house is being pulled down to make room for the new highway. The couple will move into a new room. Women usually pay more attention to dress than men do . She has longed for an evening dress 2）有些名词，尤其是物质名词，作不可数名词表事物的概念，而做可数名词时表事物的个体，其复数形式往往表事物的种类。如； Mike is a handsome boy with black hair. The young man has got quite a few grey hairs. The doctor advised eating some fruit after a meal. There are different kinds of fruits for you to choose from. He likes his coffee served with milk. Waiter, two coffees , please. 3) 有些不可数名词在作可数名词时常常以复数形式出现表示更为扩大的意义。例如： There is life where there is water. Fish are no longer found in the polluted waters. Our ship is sailing in the waters of the East China Sea. The children were playing with sand all afternoon. He walked along the sands, enjoying the setting sun. The road was covered with snow. We could see snows here and there at the top of the mountain. 4) 有些不可数名词，特别是表示自然现象的名词，常可以和不定冠词和形容词连用，表单数概念。如： a heavy rain a heavy snow a heavy smoke a good sweat a thick fog a good light a great fire a clear sky
修饰可数名词和不可数名词的词 首先要搞清楚，是修饰可数名词或不可数名词，而不是单数或复数名词。可数名词都有复数形式，而不可数名词没有复数形式。 a large deal of, plenty of和a good supply of 在多数情况下修饰不可数名词，如：plenty of water, a great deal of time，不过它们也可以修饰可数名词，如 plenty of men。 a quantity of在多数情况下修饰可数名词，如a quantity of boxes, 不过也可修饰不可数名词，如a quantity of milk。 quantities of与上述的一样 一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如: Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. 开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。 I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了。 There’re a number of students reading English in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生在读英语。 Many a student has(=many students have)visited the Great Wall.(谓语动词用单数) 很多学生都游览过长城。
可数名词和不可数名词讲解 （一）定义：1可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；因此它有复数 形式，当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式。 2.不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情 或表示物质材料的东西；它一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式，它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an 。 可数名词用法讲解: 可数名词有单复数之分。㈠单数可数名词 1.单数可数名词一般不会单独出现，前面通常要有限定词。 例如：She is friend(friend 前面加上my.) I have pen.(pen前面加上a) I like boy.(boy前面加上this) 限定词通常有三类。⑴冠词。经常用不定冠词 a、an。⑵形容词性物主代词。⑶指 示代词this、that 。this、that可用the代替。 2.单数可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数，谓语动词使用三单（单数）形式。 My father is (be) very tall. His brother likes (like) playing basketball.㈡可数名词的复数形式。 1．单数变复数规则变化 a. 一般情况下，直接加-s.如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b.以s、x、ch、sh和部分0结尾的加es c. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d. 以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e. 以o结尾，通常 加 s.初中范围只有这四个词Negro hero potato potato 这四个词加es 如tomato -potatoes. tomato-tomatoes巧记黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯这四个词加es 不规则变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese. 3．什么时候使用可数名词的复数形式？ a.数词大于1，可数名词用复数。 b.可数名词前有Some/any、these/those 、a lot of/lots of、 many、How many、 a few 修饰时，可数名词用复数。 Some/any+可复 a lot of/lots of+可复 Many+可复 How many+ 可复 A few+可复 c.复数名词表示泛指是可数名词使用复数形式。 I like apples Grapes are my favourite fruit. 4.对可数名词数量提问使用how many ㈢不可数名词 1. 不可数没有复数。不可数名词不能直接和a/an、数词连用。若要表 示它的个体意义时，一般要与一个名词短语连用，即a/an /数词 +量词单数/复数+of+不可 数名词。 A cup of tea two cups of tea 注意数词大于一，量词用复数。 a/an / 数词+量词单数/复数+of+不可数名词做主语时，它的数由量词的数决定。如 The cup of tea is (be) hot. Two cups of tea are (be) on the table. 2. 单个的不可数名词做 主语看作第三人称单数，谓语动词使用三单形式。 The meat smells (smell) delicious. The water is on the table. 3. 常用来修饰不可数名词的词 Some/any、 a lot of/lots
some和any 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。因此some和any 的用法主要是考虑用在肯定句、疑问句还是否定句中，与名词的可数与否无关。 some意为“一些”，可作形容词和代词。它常修饰可数名词复数。如：some books一些书，some boys一些男孩，也可修饰不可数名词，如：some water一些水，some tea一些茶叶，some常用在肯定句中。any意为“任何一些”，它也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，常用于疑问句和否定句。如： --I have some tea here. 我这儿有些茶叶。 --I can’t see any tea. 我没看见茶叶。 --Do you have any friends at school? 你在学校有些朋友吗? --I have some English books, they are my best friends. 我有英语书，它们是我最好的朋友。
但在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。如： Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 来点水果汁如何? 当any表示“任何”的意义，起强调作用时，它可以用在肯定句中； Any student can answer this question.任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 选题角度： 辨析some和any的不同用法：some 常用在肯定句中，而any 则常用在否定和疑问句中。在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any
不可数名词和可数名词 不能按照个数计算的普通名词叫不可数名词；如：juice, milk, water, beef, chicken 等。 能按照个数计算的普通名词叫可数名词。可数名词有单复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事用单数形式a/an ；指两个人及多个人或事物时用复数形式。可数名词由单数形式变为复数形式的规则如下： ①一般情况，加-s。 女口：books, dogs, days, trees 等。 ②单词以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的，加-es。 女口：classes, watches ,boxes, brushes 等。 ③单词以“辅音字母+y”结尾，将y变i，加-es。 女口：stories, cities, families, babies 等。 ④以o结尾有生命的名词加-es ;无生命的名词加-s。 女口：有生命：heroes, potatoes, tomatoes, man goes 等。 无生命：photos, pia nos, radios, zoos 等。 ⑤一些以f或fe结尾的单词，把f、fe变成ve加-s。 女口：life-lives, knife-knives 等。 ⑥不规则变化。 女口：man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth 等。 ⑦单复数同形。 女口：deer, sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese 等。 一、根据句意填空。 1. Look at those ______ ild) 2.1 can see a ___________ ding n ear the door. (policema n) 3. Do you want some ________ f or dinner? (potato) 4. In autu mn, you can see a lot of ______ ound. (leaf) 5. He has two ______ ne is blue, the other is yellow. (box) 6. Two ________ live in this build ing. ( family )
初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词 一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别 普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词（表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等）和集体名词（表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等）。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词（表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等）和抽象名词（表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等）。 二、关于可数名词 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下： 1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。 如：book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days 2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如： bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box → boxes 3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如： city → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。 4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如： half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives 5. 特例[悄悄话：特例常常考，要记住。] ① child → children ② man → men woman → women policeman → policemen（规律：man → men） ③ tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes [初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s喽！如：photo → photos ] ④ foot → feet tooth→ teeth[悄悄话：oo变成ee。] ⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话：变复数时词形不变。] ⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。 三、关于不可数名词 1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 如：The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。 2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。 如：water （水）→ waters （水域）orange （橘汁）→ oranges （橘子） 3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。 如：fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs 四、名词可数不可数“六注意” 1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如：desk-desks, apple-apples 等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。如：some bread， a little milk等。 2、单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a（an），表示特指时，前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a（an）修饰，表示特指时，前面一定要用定冠词the。如： He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。 No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气。 3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰，表示"一些，许多"。如： There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。 There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水。 4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如：two apples, four books等。不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。如：a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。
初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词 三、关于不可数名词 (1)不可数名词包括： 物质名称：食物：bread meat rice cheese fish beef 饮料：milk water cola coffee wine tea 自然物质：air soil sand wood 抽象名词：情感：love peace friendship joy happiness 概念：exercise knowledge energy population 学科：math geography physics chemistry 不可数名词一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式，它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an ,若要表示它的个体意义时，一般需要将其量化。 可以通过“基数词+计量词+of+不可数名词”来表示。若想表达量的复数概念，只需把计量词变为复数形式即可。如： a piece of paper 一张纸 ten pieces of paper 十张纸 a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 two cups of coffee 两杯咖啡 a piece of news 一条消息 two pieces of news 两条消息 a drop of ink 一滴墨水 three drops of ink 三滴墨水3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰，表示"一些，许多" 1)可数名词单数可用冠词a/an修饰，复数可用基数词及few，a few，many，等来修饰。 不可数名词不能直接用数词修饰，需用“基数词+计量词+of”结构，也可用little，a little，much来修饰。可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰，表示"一些，许多"。 2)用how many询问可数名词数量的多少。用how much询问不可数名词数量的多少。 3)单个单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词作主语，谓语动词要用复数。 不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。但当其前有“基数词+计量词+of”时，谓语动词依计量词而定。 可数与不可数名词的练习 II.找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式： homework ______ half ______ advice______ money ______ knowledge ______ boot _____ blood ______ music ______ chicken ________ heat _____ mouth ______ bread _______ information ______ milk _____ cow _______ tear ________ III.选择填空： 1．The deer has four ______. A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots 2．Her two brothers are both ______. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens 3．There are four _____ and two ______ in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans 4．Two ______ would come to the village .A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors 5．Can you see nine _____ in the picture A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse 6．The _____ has two ______. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 7．The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 8．The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study. A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9．There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss 10.The cat caught two ______ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices 三.用所给名词的适当形式填空。
a large deal of、a plenty of和a good supply of 在多数情况下修饰不可数名词，如：a plenty of water, a geat deal of time，不过它们也可以修饰可数名词，如a plenty of men。 a quantity of在多数情况下修饰可数名词，如a quantity of boxes, 不过也可修饰不可数名词，如a quantity of milk。quantities of与上述的一样 一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如: Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. 开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。 I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了。 There’re a number of stude nts reading English in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生在读英语。 Many a student has(=many students have)visited the Great Wall.(谓语动词用单数) 很多学生都游览过长城。 In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow. 冬天很多动物在雪下冬眠。 注意: many所修饰的复数名词前若有限定词,many 后面要接of, 表示“……中的很多”。例如: A great many(of the) graduates have found jobs. 毕业生中很多人已经找到了工作。 二、只能修饰不可数名词的词语有: much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如: Is there much water in the bucket 桶里有很多水吗 He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做。
名词的用法 可数名词 (一) 定义：能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西。可数名词变成复数形式规则变化 一般情况下，直接在词尾+s: book→books, pencil→pencils. man — men 男人woman — women 妇女tooth — teeth 牙齿foot — feet 脚 有些名词的单复数形式相同 deer — deer 鹿sheep — sheep绵羊 Chinese — Chinese 中国人Japanese — Japanese 日本人 (四) 特殊的复数形式的名词 由两部分构成的东西的名词，总以复数形式出现，如：glasses眼镜，trousers裤子，socks 袜子，clothes衣服等。若表达具体数目，要借助量词pair对/双，suit套等。 a pair of glasses, two pairs of socks (五)可数名词的特点 (1) 有单复数：one desk, two chairs, many birds。 (2) 可以用不定冠词a/an、数词、many, some, any, a lot of, lots of等词修饰：an apple, three pictures, some students。 (3) 单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式；复数名词做主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。 ①There is a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一支笔。 ②There are some students in the classroom. 教室里有一些学生。
(4) 在特殊疑问句中，用how many修饰可数名词 There are three pens on the desk. (对划线部分提问) →How many pens are there on the desk? 不可数名词 (一)定义：不能以数目计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的 东西，如water, tea, bread等。它没有复数概念，它的前面不能用补丁冠词a/an. 表特指时可用定冠词the修饰。 ①Water is very important to life. 水对生命来说十分重要。 ②The bread on the table is Mark’s. 桌子上的面包师Mark的。 (二)特点 (1) 不可数名词前面可以有much, a little, a lot of等修饰词：much bread, a little tea (2) 不可数名词不能用数词修饰，需要借助单位词来表示数量： a piece of paper 一张纸，a piece of bread一片面包，a cup of tea一杯茶 (3) 不可数名词变复数：量词变复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数 two pieces of bread 两片面包，three cups of tea 三杯茶 (4) 对不可数名词的修饰词提问，疑问词用how much. There is some milk in the glass. (对划线部分提问) →How much milk is there in the glass? 练习： 一、根据句意及所给单词填空。 1. ________(this) are my English books. 2. My aunt Jane and my mother are ___________(sister). 3. I have two ___________(watch). They are on the desk. 4. I have some __________(photo) of my family. 5. Do you like these ____________(dictionary)? 6. Those are _________(bus). 7. I have lots of________(tomato) here. 8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow. 二、选择填空： 1. —Mom, I want___. ——Here you are. A. a bread B. a piece of bread C. some breads D.breads 2. The _____ has two ______. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 3. There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss 4. —_____apples do we need to make fruit salad? —Let me think...We need three apples. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How many 5. "Lily, Let's make vegetable salad. How many _____ do we need?" "One is enough." A. oranges B. potato C. tomatoes. 6. Would you like _____ to eat now? A. some B. anything C. something D. thing 7. I'm so hungry. Please give me _____ to eat.