武汉大学MTI真题
Multiple Choice (30 points, 1 point for each)
1. The American approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many people because there is less
emphasis on learning facts than _______ true in the systems of any other countries.
a) is b) it is c) it being d) to be
2. Cinema-goers hate _______long queues before all cinemas.
a) there being b) there to be c) there is d) there are
3. _______ had a passion for walking, we started off by car.
a) when b) as c) after d) while
4. The opposition parties are planning to bring _______ a No-Confidence Motion against the Prime Minister.
a) up b) forward c) out d) about
5. India is one of the several countries which are _______ affected by widespread deforestation and steady destruction of natural watersheds.
a) critically b) remarkably c) superficially d) strongly
6. If you take care of the pence, the _______ will take care of themselves.
a) dollars b) cents c) pounds d) money
7. Over the course of centuries, the river Ganges has _______ its course many a times.
a) altered b) deviated c) recovered d) adjusted
8. A notable patriot and revolutionary _______ lost-to India in the death of Subhash Chandra Bose.
a) was b) were c) had d) have
9. The dacoits attacked the village and every man, woman and child _______ put to death.
a)was b) were c) is d) are
10 They tried to reassure me but I was still not able to _______ my fears.
a) annul b) prevent c) reduce d) curtail
11. always preferred the _______ of the big city.
a) anonymity b) obscurity c) distinctiveness d) none of these
12. The opposition _______ the Minister by furious criticism.
a) ascribed b) hailed c) treated d) assailed
13. His jokes failed to ________ even the faintest of smites from her.
a) invoke b) elicit c) attract d) make
14. Credit card crime is reaching _______ proportions.
a) endemic b) epidemic c) unbelievable d) great
15. The visitor was welcomed _______ and introduced to the Governor.
a) ceremoniously b) ceremonially c) affectionately d) perfectly
16. She showed great _______ and finesse in dealing with the troublesome situation.
a) tact b) trick c) ability d) power
17. She _______ her disapproval of the show by leaving the auditorium.
a) engaged b) saw c) envisaged d) evinced
18. Coaching classes often act as the _______ to success in competitive examinations.
a) way b) means c) door d) window
19. The poor woman has _______ many hardships after her husband died many years ago.
a) born b) bore c) borne d) boar
20. We partook _______ the humble meal provided by the villagers.
a) with b) of c) at d) from
21. This is similar to the other tune, but quite _______ from it.
a) distinctive b) distinct c) diverge d) divergent
22. A leading chemist believes that many scientists have difficulty with stereochemistry because much of the relevant nomenclature is _______ . in that it combines concepts that should be kept a) obscure. . . interrelated b) specialized. . . intact
c) imprecise. . . discrete d) descriptive. . . separate
23. A misconception frequently held by novice writers is that sentence structure mirrors thought: the more convoluted the structure, the more _______ the ideas.
a) complicated b) inconsequential c) elementary d) fanciful
24. A war, even if fought for individual liberty and. democratic rights, usually requires that these principles be _______ , for they are _______ the regimentation and discipline necessary for military efficiency.
a) rejected. . . inherent in b) suppressed fulfilled through
c) suspended. . . incompatible with d) followed. . . disruptive of
25. A number of writers who once greatly _______ the literary critic have recently recanted, substituting _______ for their former criticism.
a) lauded. . . censure b) influenced. . . analysis
c) simulated. . . ambivalence d) honored. . . adulation
26. A human being is quite _______ creature, for the gloss of rationality that covers his or her fears and _______ is thin and often easily breached.
a) a logical. . . problems b) a ludicrous. . . laughter
c) a valiant. . . phobias d) an ambitious. . . morality
27. The diplomat, selected for her demonstrated patience and skill in conducting such delicate negotiations, ________ to make a decision during the talks because any sudden commitment at that
time would have been
a) resolved. . . detrimental b) refused. . . apropos
c) declined. . . inopportune d) struggled. . . unconscionable
28. Because the monkeys under study are _______ the presence of human beings, they typically _______ human observers and go about their business.
a) ambivalent about . . . welcome b) habituated to . . . disregard
c) pleased with . . . snub d) unaware of avoid
29 He had expected gratitude for his disclosure, but instead he encountered _______ bordering on hostility.
a) patience b) discretion c) indifference d) ineptitude
30. Nonviolent demonstrations often create such tensions that a community that Inns constantly refused to_______ its injustices is forced to correct them: the injustices can no longer be _______ .
a) acknowledge. . . ignored b) decrease. . . verified
c) tolerate. . . accepted d) address. . . eliminated
?. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 points for each)
Read the following passages carefully and choose one best answer for each question in Passage 1, 2and 3, and answer the questions in passage 4 based on your understanding of the passage. (1) Scattered around the globe are more than one hundred regions of volcanic activity known as hot spots (hot spot: a place in the upper mantle of the earth at which hot magma from the lower mantle upwells to melt through the crust usually in the interior of a tectonic plate to form a volcanic feature; also: a place in the crust overlying a hot spot). Unlike most volcanoes, hot spots are rarely found along the boundaries of the continental and oceanic plates that comprise the Earth's crust; most hot spots lie deep in the interior of plates and are anchored deep in the layers of the Earth's surface. Hot spots are also distinguished from other volcanoes by their lavas, which contain greater amounts of alkali metals than do those from volcanoes at plate margins.
In some cases, plates moving past hot spots have left trails of extinct volcanoes in much the same way that wind passing over a chimney carries off puffs of smoke. It appears that the Hawaiian Islands were created in such a manner by a single source of lava, welling up from a hot spot, over which the Pacific Ocean plate passed on a course roughly from the east toward the northwest, carrying off a line of volcanoes of increasing age. Two other Pacific island chains梩he Austral Ridge and the Tuamotu Ridge梡arallel the configuration of the Hawaiian chain; they are also aligned from the east toward the northwest, with the most recent volcanic activity near their eastern terminuses. That the Pacific plate and the other plates are moving is now beyond dispute; the relative motion of the plates has been reconstructed in. detail. However, the relative motion of the plates with respect
to the Earth's interior cannot be determined easily. Hot spots provide the measuring instruments for resolving the question of whether two continental plates are moving in opposite directions or whether one is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. The most compelling evidence that a continental plate is stationary is that, at some hot spots, lavas of several ages are superposed instead of being spread out in chronological sequence. Of course, reconstruction of plate motion from the tracks of hot-spot volcanoes assumes that hot spots are immobile, or nearly so. Several studies support such an assumption, including one that has shown that prominent hot spots throughout the world seem not to have moved during the past ten million years. Beyond acting as frames Of reference, hot spots apparently influence the geophysical processes that propel the prates across the globe. When a continental plate comes to rest over a hot spot, material welling up from deeper layers forms abroad dome that, as it grows, develops deep fissures. In some instances, the continental plate may rupture entirely along some of the fissures so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus, just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the
continental plates, so hot-spot activity may suggest a theory to explain their mutability.
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to ______ .
(A) describe the way in which hot spots influence the extinction of volcanoes
(B) describe and explain the formation of the oceans and continents
(C) explain how to estimate the age of lava flows from extinct volcanoes
(D) describe hot spots and explain how they appear to influence and record the motion of plates
2. According to the passage, hot spots differ from most voicanoes in that hot spots _____ .
(A) can only be found near islands
(B) have greater amounts of alkali metals in their tarns
(C) are situated closer to the earth's surface
(D) can be found along the edges of the plates
3. It can be inferred from the passage that evidence for the apparent course of the Pacific plate has been provided by the ______ .
(A) configurations of several mid-ocean island chains
(B) dimensions of ocean hot spots
C) concurrent movement of two hot spots
(D) pattern of fissures in the ocean floor
4. The passage suggests which of the following about the Hawaiian Islands, the Austral Ridge, and the Tuamotu Ridge?
(A) The three chains of islands are moving eastward.
(B) The three island chains are a result of the same plate movement.
(C) The Hawaiian Islands are receding from the other two island chains at a relatively rapid rate.
(D) The Austral Ridge and the Tuamotu Ridge chains have moved closer together whereas the Hawaiian Islands have remained stationary.
5. Which of the following, if tree, would best support the author's statement that hot-spot activity
may explain the mutability of continental plates?
(A) Hot spots move more rapidly than the continental and oceanic plates.
(B) Hot spots are reliable indicators of the age of continental plates.
(C) Hot spots are regions of volcanic activity found only in the interiors of the continental plates
(D) The coastlines of Africa and South America suggest that they may once have constituted a single continent that raptured along a line of hot spots.
(2)
"They treat us like mules," the guy installing my washer tells me, his eyes narrowing as he wipes his hands. I had just complimented him and his partner on the speed and assurance of their work. He explains that it's rare that customers speak to him this way. I know what he's talking about. My mother was a waitress all her life, in coffee shops and fast-paced chain restaurants. It was hard work, but she liked it, liked "being among the public," as she would say. But that work had its sting too--the customer who would treat her like a servant or, her biggest complaint, like she was not that bright. There's a lesson here for this political season: the subtle and not-so-subtle insults that blue-collar and service workers endure as part of their working lives. And those insults often have to do with intelligence.
We like to think of the United States as a classless society. The belief in economic mobility is central to the American Dream, and we pride ourselves on our spirit of egalitarianism. But we also have a troubling streak of aristocratic bias in our national temperament, and one way it manifests itself is in the assumptions we make about people who work with their hands. Working people sense this bias and react to it when they vote. The common political wisdom is that hot-button social issues have driven blue-collar voters rightward. But there are other cultural dynamics at play as well, And Democrats can be as oblivious to these dynamics as Republicans梩hough the Grand Old Party did appeal to them in St. Paul.
Let's go back to those two men installing my washer and dryer. They do a lot of heavy lifting quickly梞ine was the first of 15 deliveries梐nd efficiently, to avoid injury. Between them there is ongoing communication, verbal and nonverbal, to coordinate the lift, negotiate the tight fit,
move in
rhythm with each other. And all the while, they are weighing options, making decisions and solving
problems梐s when my new dryer didn't match up with the gas outlet.
Think about what a good waitress has to do in the busy restaurant: remember orders and monitor
them. attend to a dynamic, quickly changing environment, prioritize tasks and manage the flow of
work, make decisions on the fly. There's the carpenter using a number of mathematical concepts ymmetry proportion, congruence, the properties of angles梐nd visualizing these concepts while building a cabinet, a flight of stairs, or a pitched roof.
The hairstylist's practice is a mix of technique, knowledge about the biology of hair, aesthetic judgment and communication skill. The mechanic, electrician, and plumber are troubleshooters and
problem solvers Even the routinized factory floor calls for working smarts. When has any of this made
its way into our political speeches? From either party. Even on Labor Day. Last week, the GOP masterfully invoked some old cultural suspicions: country folk versus city and east-coast versus
heartland education. But these are symbolic populist gestures, not the stuff of true engagement. Judgments about intelligence carry great weight in our society, and we have a tendency to make sweeping assessments of people's intelligence based on the kind of work they do.
Political tributes to labor over the next two months Will render the muscled arm, sleeve rolled tight against biceps. But few will also celebrate the thought bright behind the eye, or offer an image
that links hand and brain. It would be fitting in a country with an egalitarian vision of itself to have a
truer, richer sense of all that is involved in the wide range of work that surrounds and sustains us. Those politicians who can communicate that sense will tap a deep reserve of neglected feeling. And those who can honor and use work in explaining and personalizing their policies will find a welcome reception.
6. To illustrate the intelligence of the working class, the author cites the examples of all of the following EXCEPT ______ .
(A) hairstylist and waitress (B) carpenter and mechanic
(C) electrician and plumber (D) street-cleaner and shop-assistant
7. In the sentence "we pride ourselves on our spirit of egalitarianism" (para. 3), the word "egalitarianism" can be replaced by ______ .
(A) individualism (B) enlightenment
(C) equality (D) liberalism
8. We can conclude from the passage that ______ .
(A) in America, judgments about people's intelligence are often based on the kind of work they do
(B) the subtle and not so subtle insults towards, blue-collars are a daily phenomenon in America
(C) the United States is a. classless society
(D) the old cultural suspicions, of country folk versus city and east-coast versus heartland education show the Republican's true engagement
9. One of the major groups of targeted readers of the author should be ______ .
(A) blue-collar American workers
(B) middle-class American businessmen
(C) American politicians
(D) American company leaders
10. Which of the following summarizes the main idea of the passage?
(A) The Democratic Party and the Republican Party should stop symbolic populist gestures.
(B) Political tributes should mind the subtle bias against the intelligence of the working class.
(C) The ruling party should acknowledge the working smarts of blue-collars.
(3)
Joy and sadness, are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or despondent? It turns out that-the expression of many emotions may be
universal. Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and approval. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universe sign of anger.
As the originator of the theory of evolution, Darwin believed that the universal recognition of facial
expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expressions could signal the approach of
enemies (or friends) in the absence of language.
Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in a people. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In
classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust,
fear happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were
being depicted in them. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore,
a tribe that dwells in the New. Guinea highlands. All groups including the Fore, who had almost no
contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions. The For also displayed familiar facial
expressions when asked how they would respond if they were the characters in stories that called for
basic emotional responses. Ekman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in a study
of ten cultures in which participants were permitted to report that multipie emotions were shown by
facial expressions. The participants generally agreed on which two emotions were being shown and
which emotion was more intense.
Psychological researchers generally recognize that facial expressions reflect emotional states. In fact, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and
in the brain. The facial-feedback hypothesis argues, however, that the causal relationship between
emotions and facial expressions can also work in the opposite direction. According to this hypothesis,
signals from the facial muscles ("feedback") are sent back to emotion centers of the brain, and so a
person's facial expression can influence that person's emotional state. Consider Darwin's words: "The
free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far
as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions. " Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will,
for example, and frowning to anger?
Psychological research has given rise to some interesting findings concerning the facial-feedback hypothesis. Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report more positive feelings and to rate cartoons (humorous drawings of people or situations) as being more humorous. When they are caused to frown, they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.
What are the possible links between facial expressions and emotion? One link is arousal, which is
the level of activity or preparedness for activity in an organism, intense contraction of facial muscles,
such as those used in signifying fear, heightens arousal. Self-perception of heightened arousal then
leads to heightened emotional activity. Other links may involve changes in brain temperature and the
release of neurotransmitters (substances that transmit nerve impulses. ) The contraction of facial muscles both influences the internal emotional state and reflects it. Ekman has found that the so-called
Duchenne smile, which is characterized by "crow's feet" wrinkles-around the eyes and a subtle drop in
the eye cover fold so that the skin above the eye moves down slightly toward the eyeball, can lead to
pleasant feelings.
Ekman's observation may be relevant to the British expression "keep a stiff upper lip" as a recommendation for handling stress. It might be that a "stiff" lip suppresses emotional response 梐s
long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. But when the emotion that leads to stiffening the
lip is more intense, and involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.
11. The word "despondent" in the passage is closest in meaning to ______ .
(A) curious
(B) unhappy
(C) thoughtful
(D) uncertain
12. The author mentions "Baring the teeth in a hostile way" in order to ______ .
(A) differentiate one possible meaning of a particular facial expression from other meanings of it
(B) upport Darwin's theory of evolution
(C) provide an example of a facial expression whose meaning is widely understood
(D) contrast a facial expression that is-easily understood with other facial expressions
13. The word "concur" in the passage is closest in meaning to ______ .
(A) estimate
(B) agree
(C) expect
(D) understand
14. According to paragraph 2, which of the following was true of the Eore people of New Guinea?
(A) They did not want to be shown photographs.
(B) They were famous for their story telling skills.
(C) They knew very little about Western culture.
(D) They did not encourage the expression of emotions.
15. According to the passage, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?
(A) They would become less intense.
(B) They would last longer than usual.
(C) They would cause problems later.
(D) They would become more negative.
(4)
BANKS mimic other banks. They expose themselves to similar risks by making the same sorts of loans. Each bank's appetite for lending rises and falls in sync. What is safe for one institution becomes
dangerous if they all do the same, which is-often how financial trouble starts. The scope for nasty spillovers is increased by direct linkages. Banks lend to each other as well as to customers, so one firm's failure can quickly cause others to fall over, too.
Because of these connections, rules to ensure the soundness of each bank are not enough to keep
the banking system safe. Hence the calls for "macroprudential" regulation to prevent failures of the
financial system as a whole. Although there is wide agreement that macropmdential policy is needed
to limit systemic risk, there has been very little detail about how it might work. Two new reports help
fill this gap. One is a discussion paper from the Bank of England, which sketches out the elements of a
macroprudential regime and identifies what needs to be decided before it is put into practice. The
other paper by the Warwick Commission, a group of academics and experts on finance from around
the world, advocates specific reforms.
The first step is to decide an objective for macroprudential policy. A broad aim is to keep the financial system working well at all times. The bank's report suggests a more precise goal: to limit the
chance of bank -failure to its "social optimum". Tempering the boom-bust credit cycle and taking some air out of asset, price bubbles may be necessary to meet these aims, but both reports agree that
should not be the main purpose of regulation. Making finance safer is ambitious enough. Policymakers then have to decide on how they might achieve their goal. The financial system is too willing to provide credit in good times and too shy to do so in bad times. In upswings banks are
keen to extend loans because write-offs seem unlikely. The willingness of other banks to do the same
only reinforces the trend. Borrowers seem less likely to default because with lots of credit around, the
value of their assets is rising. As the boom gathers pace, even banks that are wary of making fresh loans carry on for fear of ceding ground to rivals. When recession hits, each bank becomes fearful of
making loans partly because other banks are also reluctant. Scarce credit hurts asset prices and leaves
borrowers prey to the cash-flow troubles of customers and suppliers.
Since the cycle is such an. -influence on banks, macroprudential regulation should make it harder for all banks to lend so freely in booms and easier for them to lend in recessions. It can do this by tailoring capital requirements to the credit cycle. Whenever overall credit growth looks too frothy, the
macroprudential body could increase the minimum capital buffer that supervisors make each bank
hold. Equity capital is relatively dear for banks, which benefit from an implicit state guarantee on their
debt finance as well as the tax breaks on interest payments enjoyed by all firms. Forcing banks to hold
more capital when exuberance reigns would make it costlier for them to supply credit. It would also
provide society with an extra cushion against bank failures.
Each report adds its own twist to this prescription. The Bank of England thinks extra capital may be needed for certain sorts of credit. If capital penalties are not targeted, it argues, banks may simply
cut back on routine loans to free up capital for more exotic lending. The Warwick report says each
bank's capital should also vary with how long-lived its assets are relative to its tunding. Firms with
big
maturitiy mismatches are more likely to cause systemic problems and should be penalised. The ease of
raising cash against assets and of rolling over debt varies over the cycle, and capital rules need to reflect this. Regulators should also find ways to match different risks with the firms which can best
bear them. Ranks are the natural bearers of credit risk since they know about evaluating borrowers.
Pension funds are less prone to sudden withdrawals of cash and are the best homes for illiquid assets.
The Warwick group is keen that macroprudential policy should be guided by rules. if credit, asset
prices and GDP were all growing above their long-run average rates, say, the regulator would be forced to step in or explain why it is not doing so. Finance is a powerful lobby. Without such a trigger
for intervention, regulators may be swayed by arguments that the next credit boom is somehow different and poses few dangers. The bank frets about regulatory capture, too, but doubts that any rule
would be right for all circumstances. It favours other approaches, such as frequent public scrutiny, to
keep regulators honest.
When banks attack, no regulatory system is likely to be fail-safe. That is why Bank of England officials stress that efforts to make bank failures less costly for society must he part of regulatory reform. That includes making banks' capital structures more flexible, so that some kinds of debt turn
into loss-bearing equity in a crisis. Both reports favour making systemically important banks hold extra capital, as they pose bigger risks when they fail.
The Warwick group also thinks cross-border banks should abide by the rules of their host countries, so that macroprudential regulation fits local credit conditions. That would require that foreign subsidiaries be independently capitalised, which may also be necessary for a cross-border bank to have a credible "living will", a guide to its orderly resolution. This. advice will chafe most in
the European Union, where standard rules are the basis of the single market. But varying rules on capital could also be used as a macroeconomic tool in the euro area, where monetary policy cannot be
tailored to each country's needs. Regulation to address negative spillovers that hurt financial stability
might then have a positive spillover for economic stability.
Answer the following questions in your own words according to the requirements. The answers should be as clear and relevant as possible.
16. What is the situation facing banks and why?
17. Based on your understanding of the passage, what might be the meaning of "boom-bust credit cycle" and "asset price bubbles" in the 3rdparagraph?
18. How do The Bank of England and the Warwick group respond to the "macroprudential"
regulation?
19. Why does the Bank of England emphasize taking efforts to make bank failures less costly for society should be part 9f regulatory reform? What measure(s) does it suggest to achieve this goal.
20. Why will the European Union feel annoyed about the advice of the Warwick group put forward in the last paragraph of this passage?
?. Essay Writing (30 points)
Translation in general is undervalued in society and translators are usually under-paid, since many people consider that so long as one knows two languages he can translate. What is your opinion
about this issue? State your view clearly and give your reasons in an essay of no less than 400 words.
2021年国际关系学院712英语语言文学专业基础考研真题和答案 2021年国际关系学院《712英语语言文学专业基础（英语基础、英语写作、文学欣赏）》考研全套 目录 •国际关系学院《712英语语言文学专业基础》历年考研真题汇编（含部分答案） •全国名校英美文学考研真题详解 •全国名校英语翻译与写作考研真题汇编 说明：本部分收录了本科目近年考研真题，并提供部分答案，方便了解出题风格、难度及命题点。此外提供了相关院校考研真题，以供参考。 2．教材教辅 •罗经国《新编英国文学选读》（第4版）笔记和考研真题详解 •罗经国《新编英国文学选读》（第4版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】
•陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解•陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】说明：以上为本科目指定教材配套的辅导资料。 • 试看部分内容 考研真题精选 一、填空题 1. B a co n h a s b e e n c al l e d th e f a th e r o f_____,f o r h i s wo rks establi she d an d p opul ari zed in du cti ve m e tho dolo gie s fo r scien ti f ic in qui ry, o ften calle d the B aconian m ethod.（武汉大学2015研） 【答案】modern science查看答案 【解析】培根被称为“现代科学之父”。 2. _____ i s co n side re d th e fi rst gre at En gl i sh dram ati s t and the mo st i mportan t Eli zabeth an pl aywrigh t before Shakespe are.（北京邮电大学2016研） 【答案】Chri stop her Marlowe查看答案
2015年武汉大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题解析 Shanghai Free Trade Area, bank balance, host university, current account， cash drain， National City Bank of New York， general consulate pay by installment， OPEC， 埃博拉病毒， 丝路基金， 失联， 微信， 海外追逃， 反垄断调查， 权力寻租腐败， 潜规则， 苏格兰独立公投， 亚太自贸区， 食品安全， 科研经费， 依法治国， 反恐情报中心， 段落翻译E–C关于文学作品的作用和意义；C–E是于季羡林的，主要意思是说季羡林为人处事十分认真，然后举了一个例子说他如何认真负责，全文到处都是“季老”，还提到了萧乾。 总的来说，两篇都是文学翻译，特别是中翻英不好翻，很多词汇不知道怎么翻比较好，只能自己发挥，往年喜欢考的《秘密花园》《青鸟》都没有考，悲！ 1、考试准备的时间问题 对于专业课的复习时间没有一个具体的指标，对于专业课基础较好的同学，专业课的复习时间可能会短些，而对于那些基础弱的同学，尤其是跨专业考试的同学，专业课的复习时间必然要长些，但是不管怎么样，每个学科必定是需要一段时间才能掌握透彻，但是在短时间内，经过高强度的复习和科学的指导，也可以取得很好的成绩。一般而言，专业课复习最好能保留有3个月的复习时间。
2、考试资料的选择 不同的学校，考试难度和风格不一样，所以考试的资料难以统一，但是有一些基本的教材，可以由浅入深地引导同学们了解和掌握经济学的基础知识。这样，复习起来就会事倍功半，比较有效率。由于目前国内研究生考试的难度水平大致还是处于中初级水平，因此基本上还是可以列出一个有效的资料清单： (1) 报考学校的指定书目(必备) (2) 历年的考试题目 历年题是专业课的关键，而融会贯通则是关键中的关键。考研的专业课考题大体有两种类型，一种是认知性质的考题，另一种是理解与应用型的，而且以后一种居多。因此，同学们在复习时绝不能死记硬背条条框框，而应该看清条条框框背后所包含的东西，并且加以灵活运用。在复习时，首先要把基本概念、基本理论弄懂，然后要把它们串起来，多角度、多层次地进行思维和理解。由于专业的各门功课之间有着内在的相关性，如果能够做到融会贯通，无论对于理解还是记忆，都有事半功倍的效果。考生完全可以根据历年的考题，在专业课本中划出历年涉及的重点，有针对性、有侧重点地进行复习。 真题是以前的考试题，是专业课的第一手资料，它更是法宝中的法宝。对于真题，不能只满足于看上去会做，而是应该去整体分析，分析其中的出题规律和出题范围。万事万物，必有规律可循，试题也不例外。因此要尽量去弄到的试题，最好能够搜集全最近五年的实考题。经过严密地分析和研究，以下规律浮出水面： 1.五年之内，论述题一般不会重复，这是出题人出题的主体思路;
武汉大学研究生英语期末考试选择题(附参考答案) 2022年挑选题 21. We have a certain stereotypical ______ of a person from a culture and we interpret his/her behaviour according to this preconception, whether or not the reason for the behaviour is what we think it. A. connotation B. preconception C. recuperation D. ambiguity 22. Gap in educational investment across regions will ______ the national economic development as a whole. A. warrant B. ration C. thwart D. retard 23. Opening the labor market might risk some increase in inequality in wages at
least in the short run, as the wages of skilled workers are ________. A. bid for B. bid on C. bid up D. bid to 24. The market will goods that yield social benefits in excess of private benefits and will consequently produce too few of these goods. A. undervalue B. devalue C. underweight D. value 25. You have taken a ______ hatred to Peter; and you are unreasonably angry with me because I won’t hate him. A. persevering B. perverse C. perfect
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编6 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、名词解释(总题数：25，分数：50.00) 1.Concord(or; Agreement)(武汉大学2008研；中山大学2008研) （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：It may be defined as the requirement that the forms of two or more words of specific word classes that stand in specific syntactic relationship with one another shall also be characterized by the same paradigmatically marked category(or categories). For example, the syntactic relationship between that girl and she in the following dialogue; A; Who is that girl? B; Oh, she is my sister.) 解析： https://www.doczj.com/doc/a419225029.html,ernment （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Government is another type of control over the forms of some words by other words in certain syntactic constructions. It differs from concord in that this is a relationship in which a word of a certain class determines the forms of others in terms of certain category. In English, for example, the pronoun after a verb or a preposition should be in the object form as in She gave him a book. She gave a hook to him. In other words, the verb, or the preposition, determines, or governs, the form of the pronoun after it.) 解析： 3.Paradigmatic relations （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Paradigmatic relation, Saussure originally called associative, is a relation holding between elements replaceable with each other at a particular place in a structure, or between one element present and the others absent.) 解析： 4.Syntax （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：It is a sub-field of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language. Specifically, it is the study of the rules governing the ways in which words, word groups and phrases are joined to form sentences in a language, or the study of the interrelationships between sentential elements.) 解析： 5.Constituent （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Constituent is a term used in structural sentence analysis for every linguistic unit, which is a part of a larger linguistic unit. Several constituents together form a construction: for example, in the sentence " The boy ate the apple" , S(A), the boy(B), ate the apple(C), each part is a constituent.) 解析： 6.Logical subject(中山大学2011研) （分数：2.00）
2020-2021年武汉大学英语专业考研真题、参考书、 复录比、考研经验分享 2019年武汉大学招生目录考试科目 英语语言文学 考试科目： ①101思想政治理论 ②243二外俄语或244二外日语或245二外法语或246二外德语 ③611基础英语 ④801英语综合（语言学、文学） 参考书： 张培基、俞云根等编：《英汉翻译教程》，上海外语教育出版社 章振邦：《新编英语语法教程》（修订本），上海外语教育出版社 H.H.Stern：《语言教学的基本概念》，上海外语教育出版社1999年版 张伯香编：《英国文学教程》（修订本上下册），武汉大学出版社 吴定柏：《美国文学大纲》，上海外语教育出版社 郭著章、李庆生编：《英汉互译实用教程》，武汉大学出版社 推荐资料： 《2019武汉大学611基础英语考研复习精编》 《2019武汉大学611基础英语考研冲刺宝典》 《2019武汉大学801英语综合考研复习精编》 《2019武汉大学801英语综合考研冲刺宝典》 英语翻译
考试科目： ①101思想政治理论 ②211翻译硕士英语 ③357英语翻译基础 ④448汉语写作与百科知识 2018年翻译硕士（英语）题型分析（记忆） 211翻译硕士英语 40道选择题，还好，难度中等，gre词汇还是要背一背 改错题有点难， 今年阅读比较简单，有一篇是专八练习的原题，讲star alliance 兼并的，作文是human activity makes the world a better place or harms it ? 357英语翻译基础 词条英汉互译各15个，今年热词考的比较多 英译汉： 1.Party Constitution； 2.CPC national congress； 3.oblique translation； 4.BRICS； 5.European Bank for reconstruction and development；
武汉大学MTI真题 Multiple Choice (30 points, 1 point for each) 1. The American approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many people because there is less emphasis on learning facts than _______ true in the systems of any other countries. a) is b) it is c) it being d) to be 2. Cinema-goers hate _______long queues before all cinemas. a) there being b) there to be c) there is d) there are 3. _______ had a passion for walking, we started off by car. a) when b) as c) after d) while 4. The opposition parties are planning to bring _______ a No-Confidence Motion against the Prime Minister. a) up b) forward c) out d) about 5. India is one of the several countries which are _______ affected by widespread deforestation and steady destruction of natural watersheds. a) critically b) remarkably c) superficially d) strongly 6. If you take care of the pence, the _______ will take care of themselves. a) dollars b) cents c) pounds d) money 7. Over the course of centuries, the river Ganges has _______ its course many a times. a) altered b) deviated c) recovered d) adjusted 8. A notable patriot and revolutionary _______ lost-to India in the death of Subhash Chandra Bose. a) was b) were c) had d) have 9. The dacoits attacked the village and every man, woman and child _______ put to death. a)was b) were c) is d) are 10 They tried to reassure me but I was still not able to _______ my fears. a) annul b) prevent c) reduce d) curtail 11. always preferred the _______ of the big city. a) anonymity b) obscurity c) distinctiveness d) none of these 12. The opposition _______ the Minister by furious criticism. a) ascribed b) hailed c) treated d) assailed 13. His jokes failed to ________ even the faintest of smites from her. a) invoke b) elicit c) attract d) make 14. Credit card crime is reaching _______ proportions. a) endemic b) epidemic c) unbelievable d) great 15. The visitor was welcomed _______ and introduced to the Governor. a) ceremoniously b) ceremonially c) affectionately d) perfectly 16. She showed great _______ and finesse in dealing with the troublesome situation. a) tact b) trick c) ability d) power 17. She _______ her disapproval of the show by leaving the auditorium. a) engaged b) saw c) envisaged d) evinced 18. Coaching classes often act as the _______ to success in competitive examinations. a) way b) means c) door d) window 19. The poor woman has _______ many hardships after her husband died many years ago.
English for Graduates (Paper A No. 20180110) I.Listening Comprehension (20%) Part One Directions: In this part you will hear 3 short talks. Each talk is followed by some questions. You will hear the talk and questions only once. Listen carefully and answer each question by choosing one from the four choices marked A, B, C or D. Then mark your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%) Talk 1 Questions 1-5 are based on the talk you have just heard. I. A. It will be the same size as the US economy. B.It will be almost the same size as the US economy. C.It will be twice the size of the US economy. D.It will be larger in size than the US economy。 2. A. In 2020 B. In 2025 C. In 2027 D. In 2050 3. A. China will be the first developing country with the world's largest economy. B.China will reverse the trend of westernization as a result of economic development and globalization. C.China will become the world's dominant country with very different civilizational roots from the West. 1
2012年武汉大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷 (总分：56.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、单项选择题(总题数：10，分数：20.00) 1.中国古代传统文化中“岁寒三友”和“四君子”实际上是指（）种植物。 （分数：2.00） A.7 B.6 C.5 √ D.4 解析：解析：岁寒三友指松、竹、梅，四君子是梅、兰、竹、菊，因此共5种植物。 2.提出“宇宙便是吾心，吾心便是宇宙”的哲学家是（）。 （分数：2.00） A.陆九渊√ B.王守仁 C.孟子 D.周敦颐 解析：解析：陆九渊是南宋著名的理学家、思想家和教育家，宋明两代“心学”的开山之祖。认为“人心至灵，此理至明；人皆具有心，心皆具是理”；“宇宙便是吾心，吾心便是宇宙”；“宇宙内事是己分内事，己分内事是宇宙内事”。他认为人们的心和理都是天赋的，永恒不变的，仁义礼智信等也是人的天性所固有的，不是外铄的。B王守仁即王阳明，明代著名的思想家、文学家、哲学家和军事家，提倡“致良知”，从自己内心中去寻找“理”，“理”全在人“心”，“理”化生宇宙天地万物，人秉其秀气，故人心自秉其精要。在知与行的关系上，强调要知，更要行，知中有行，行中有知，所谓“知行合一”，二者互为表里，不可分离。 3.清廷一度重用西方传教士，但因为罗马教廷颁布针对中国的“禁约”，西方传教士活动在（）年间被禁止。 （分数：2.00） A.康熙 B.雍正 C.乾隆 D.嘉庆√ 解析：解析：1805年(嘉庆十年)开始，清朝禁止西方人在华刻书，传教和设立学校。 4.下列书籍中属于徐光启的著作是（）。 （分数：2.00） A.《齐名要术》 B.《农书》 C.《农政全书》√ D.《农学丛书》 解析：解析：徐光启是明代著名科学家、政治家。译有《几何原本》，著《农政全书》、《崇祯历书》、《考工记解》等。A《齐民要术》是北朝北魏时期，南朝宋至梁时期，中国杰出农学家贾思勰所著的一部综合性农学著作，也是世界农学史上最早的专著之一。是中国现存的最完整的农书。 5.四书五经的“四书”是（）。 （分数：2.00） A.《论语》、《尔雅》、《孟子》、《中庸》 B.《论语》、《孟子》、《中庸》、《大学》√ C.《论语》、《中庸》、《大学》、《礼记》 D.《孟子》、《中庸》、《大学》、《礼记》
[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编25.doc [考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编25 一、填空题 1 There has been a maxim in______which claims that "You are what you say". (中山大学2008研) 2 The theory of conversational implicature was proposed by______. (中山大学2008研) 3 ______were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were not verifiable. 4 In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the______principle proposed by J. Grice. 5 In Austin's How to Do Things with word, he first distinguishes performatives and______, later on Austin made a flesh start to distinguish ______,______and perlocutionary act. 二、单项选择题 6 The speech act theory was developed by______. (对外经贸2006研) （A）John Searle （B）John Austin （C）Levinson （D）G. Leech 7 ______is using a sentence to perform a function. (西安外国语学院2006研) （A）Perlocutionary act （B）An illocutionary act （C）A locutionary act （D）Speech act
考研冲刺练习题及参考答案（翻译硕士 （MTI）英语） 考研英语是个经久不衰的话题，不管何时都会听到看到关于考研英语的求助，小编认为单词也是讲究一回生两回熟的，多做练习多记词汇总是没有错的。 翻译硕士（MTI）英语练习题 I. V ocabulary and grammar (30’) Multiple choices Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. 1. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’decision to build a highway across the field. A. contradict B. reform C. counter D. protest 2. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________. A. minority B. scarcity C. rarity D. minimum 3. Professor Johnson’s retirement _______ from next January. A. carries into effect B. takes effect C. has effect D. puts into effect 4. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending. A. finance B. expand C. enlarge D. budget 5. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region. A. concentrated B. extensive C. intense D. intensive 6. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings. A. forbidden B. rejected C. excluded D. denied 7. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________. A. pull back B. pull up C. pull through D. pull out 8. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s. A. benefit B. availability C. suitability D. convenience 9. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church. A. mark B. signal C. sign D. gesture 10. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it. A. lightly B. sparsely C. hardly D. rarely 11. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.
[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编11.doc [考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编11 一、简答题 1 The following four sentences present four different usages of the word不过. Please discuss the distinctions and connections among the four usages, illustrating your points with your own examples where necessary. 1)不过二年，君必无患。 2)他十七岁就结婚，一年后当了爸爸不过十八岁。 3)这是个乖巧不过的孩子。 4)我也没有长策，不过这种事情，其事已迫，不能计出万全的。 2 Comment on the following observation in about 150 words.(武汉大学2010研)"The meaning of a word is not an unanalysable whole. " 3 When a teacher says "it's so hot in here" during a class, what does she probably mean? Refer to the theory of pragmatics when you analyze the situation.(人大2002研) 4 A speech act consists of three related acts according to J. L. Austin's Speech Act theory. What are they? Analyze the following conversation in the light of Speech Act theory.(北航2008研) Customer; Waiter! There's a fly in my soup. Waiter; Don't worry, there's no extra charge. 5 Explain speech act theory and list the different kinds of speech acts with examples for each.(浙江大学2004研) 6 Discuss the following sentences in terms of violation of maxims in the cooperative principle.(浙江大学2007研) a. I think he was married and had a lioness at home. b. A: What do you intend to do? B: I have a terrible headache. c. A: Where've you been? B: Out.
2022年英美文学考研题库和答案详解 2022年英美文学考研题库【名校考研真题＋章节题库＋模拟试题】 内容简介 为了帮助考生顺利通过考研专业课科目《英美文学》的考试，我们根据名校《英美文学》最新考试大纲和指定参考教材，精心制作了英美文学考研题库。 本题库包括名校考研真题、章节题库和模拟试题三部分，具体如下： 第一部分为名校考研真题。本书收录了北京第二外国语大学、武汉大学等名校的4套考研真题，并由高分考生根据科目考试大纲、考研的参考教材和相关教师的授课讲义等对历年真题进行了详细解答，解题思路清晰、答案翔实，突出难度分析。 第二部分为章节题库。遵循最新考试大纲的考试内容和要求，在参考众多相关考试用书、国内外权威杂志以及优秀论文等大量素材的基础上，按照英美文学的不同历史时期设置章节，分为英国文学（共8章）和美国文学（共4章）。 第三部分为模拟试题。根据名校历年考研真题的命题规律及热门考点进行考前预测，仿真名校历年考研真题的难度和风格。通过模拟试题的练习，学员既可以检测学习的效果，又可以评估自己的应试能力。
• 试看部分内容 •第一部分名校考研真题 •北京第二外国语大学2015年综合考试（英1）（文学部分）考研真题及详解 •北京航空航天大学2015年英语语言文学（文学部分）考研真题及详解 •武汉大学2015年英语综合（文学部分）考研真题及详解 •山东大学2015年专业英语（文学部分）考研真题及详解 •第二部分章节题库 •英国文学 •第1章中古时期 •第2章文艺复兴时期(14世纪晚期—17世纪早期) •第3章17世纪(资产阶级革命和王朝复辟时期)•第4章18世纪(启蒙时代) •第5章浪漫主义时期
2005年湖北武汉大学基础英语考研真题 I. Cloze: (2×l0=20%) Fill in each numbered blank with ONE word given below on your answer-sheet, paying attention to the following: 1) 15 words are given, but only 10 (no more, no less) should be used and each can be used once only; 2) Forms should be corrected. The idea of “happiness,”to be sure, will not sit still for easy definition: the best one can do is to try to set some extremes to the idea and then work in toward the_.To think of happiness as acquisitive and competitive will do to set the _extreme. To think of it as the idea one Senses in, say, a holy man of India Will do to set the_ extreme. That holy man’s idea of happiness is in needing nothing from outside himself. In wanting_ , he lacks nothing. He sets immobile, rapt in contemplation, free even of his own body. Or nearly free of it. If devout admirers bring him food he eats it; if not, he starves _ . Why be concerned? What is physical is an illusion to him. Contemplation is his joy and he achieves it through a fantastically demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy within him. But, perhaps because I am Western, I doubt such catatonic （紧张症的）happiness, as I doubt the dreams of the happiness-market. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost any Western man. Yet these extremes will still _ to frame the area within which all of us must find some sort of balance. Thoreau-a creature of both Eastern and Western thought had his own firm sense of that balance. His aim was to_on the low levels in order to spend on the high. Happiness is never more than partial. There are no pure states of mankind. Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having nor in being, but in_ . What the Founding Fathers declared for us as an inherent right, we should do well to remember, was not happiness but the pursuit of happiness. What they might have underlined, could they have foreseen the happiness-market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the_ itself, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing, which is to say, in the idea of becoming. A nation is not by what it possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to become. II. Explain the Following Idioms: (3×10=30%) 1. to face the music 2. to wash one’s hands of