高中英语虚拟语气总结
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高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和条件句的种类高中英语知识点归纳:虚拟语气的用法和条件句的种类虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,用来表示与实际事实相反、假设、愿望等情况。
在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的用法以及条件句的种类是非常重要的。
本文将对这两个知识点进行归纳,并提供一些例句帮助理解。
一、虚拟语气的用法1. 表示与事实相反:(1)与现在事实相反:与现在事实相反的虚拟语气通常以“were”作为谓语动词的过去式形式出现,无论主语为单数或复数。
例句:- If I were a bird, I would fly across the sky.- I wish I were taller.(2)与过去事实相反:与过去事实相反的虚拟语气通常以“had + 过去分词”构成,表示对过去情况的虚拟推测。
例句:- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.- I wish I had known about the party.2. 表示假设、愿望或建议:(1)表示假设:虚拟语气可以用来表示假设的情况,常用的动词有“co uld, might, would, should, ought to”等。
例句:- If I had a million dollars, I would travel around the world.- If it rained tomorrow, we could stay indoors.(2)表示愿望:虚拟语气可以用来表示对现实情况的愿望,常用的动词有“wish, hope, pray”等。
例句:- I wish I could speak fluent French.- I hope she arrives on time.(3)表示建议:虚拟语气可以用来表示对现实情况的建议,使用“should + 动词原形”。
虚拟语气三大类用法归纳【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I_________(have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with y ou.2. Were it not for the snowy weather, we _________(be) all right.3. If I had a million dollars, I _________(put) it in the bank.4. If I __________(take) had taken your advice yesterday, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.5. If the captain had been more careful, his ship (sink).6. If the Watergate Incident_______________(occur) Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.7. If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t __________(fail) have failed in the exam.8. If it ________/____________/______________(rain) tomorrow, we would not go climbing.9. This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.10. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she___________(live) there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.11. If it _________(be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.12. If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he ________(be) able to speak it much better now.13. If you had told me the news yesterday, I ___________(worry) so worried now.14. What would have happened _______ Bob walked farther, as far as the river bank?15. _________he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.16. _________ she my daughter, I wouldn't allow her to study abroad.17. _________ I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.18. We ______________(put) John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.19. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway _____________(write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.20. _________ your help, I wouldn't have succeeded anyway.【答案与解析】1. had。
高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。
一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I were you, I would study harder. (如果我是你,我会更努力学习。
)Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? (如果我们想要什么就有什么,生活岂不是很无聊?)2. 与过去事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句:If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. (如果我知道你的电话号码,我就给你打电话了。
)Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? (如果你再努力些,难道不能做得更好吗?)3. 与将来事实相反条件从句:① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
)If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. (如果她明天来这儿,我会非常高兴。
)If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!(要是他考试不及格,他父母该多失望啊!)二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句:I wish I were as tall as you. (我希望我和你一样高。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法总结高中英语知识点归纳——虚拟语气的用法总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它用于表达说话者的愿望、假设、建议或命令等不真实的情况。
在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的用法对于理解和运用英语语法非常重要。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。
一、虚拟语气的用途虚拟语气用于表现非真实情况或不可能实现的愿望、条件、建议、怀疑、命令、警告等。
主要分为以下几种情况:1. 虚拟条件句:表示与现实相反的情况。
例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。
)2. 虚拟愿望句:表示与现实相反的愿望。
例如:I wish I could go on a vacation.(我希望我能去度假。
)3. 虚拟建议句:表示对现实的建议。
例如:I suggest that he take a break.(我建议他休息一下。
)4. 虚拟命令句:表示对现实的命令或要求。
例如:The teacher requested that all students submit their homework on time.(老师要求所有学生按时提交作业。
)5. 虚拟警告句:表示对现实的警告或威胁。
例如:If you don't stop talking, I will call the police.(如果你不停止讲话,我会报警。
)二、虚拟语气的形式1. 虚拟语气在动词的形态上表现为过去式(一般过去时或过去完成时)。
例如:I suggested that he go to the library.(我建议他去图书馆。
)2. 虚拟语气在动词的形态上表现为"were"而不是"was"。
例如:If I were you, I would apologize.(如果我是你,我会道歉。
)3. 虚拟语气在情态动词的用法上表现为"should" + 动词原形。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法与句型虚拟语气是高中英语中重要的语法知识点之一,它在表达一些假设、条件、愿望、建议等方面起到了关键作用。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法和一些常见的句型进行归纳总结,帮助同学们更好地掌握和运用这一知识点。
一、虚拟语气的基本用法1. 表达与事实相反的假设:通常使用“if”引导,主句使用过去完成时,从句使用过去完成时或过去简单时。
例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力,我就能通过考试了。
2. 表达对过去情况的虚拟:通常使用“wish”引导,后接过去完成时。
例如:I wish I had gone to the party last night.我希望我昨晚去参加派对了。
3. 表达与现在事实相反的假设:主句使用过去式,从句使用过去完成时或过去简单时。
例如:She would be happier if she had more friends.如果她有更多朋友,她会更开心。
4. 表达对现在情况的虚拟:通常使用“wish”引导,后接过去时。
例如:I wish I were a bird and could fly in the sky.我希望我是一只鸟,可以在天空中飞翔。
5. 表达对将来的不可能或不太可能的情况:主句使用过去式,从句使用过去完成时。
例如:If I were you, I would not go to that dangerous place.如果我是你,我不会去那个危险的地方。
二、常见虚拟语气句型1. 虚拟语气与建议:It is important (necessary, advisable, essential, etc.) that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如:It is necessary that you (should) finish your homework before playing games.你在玩游戏前完成作业是必要的。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的特殊情况和特殊用法虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,常常用于表达与事实相反、与现实不符或只存在于想象中的情况。
在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的特殊情况和特殊用法对于提高语言运用能力和理解能力很有帮助。
本文将对高中英语中虚拟语气的特殊情况和特殊用法进行归纳总结。
一、虚拟语气的特殊情况1. 条件句中表达与现实相反的情况(1)与过去事实相反如果主句是过去时态,从句多使用过去完成时态来表示与过去事实相反的情况。
e.g. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试了。
)(2)与现在事实相反如果条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况,常用虚拟语气的形式是:动词原形+were,即使主语是第一人称单数或复数。
e.g. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.(如果我是一只鸟,我就会在天空飞翔。
)(3)与将来事实相反(对未来的虚拟)如果条件句表示对将来事实的虚拟,常用虚拟语气的形式是:should/were to + 动词原形。
e.g. If it should/were to rain tomorrow, the picnic would be canceled.(如果明天下雨,野餐将会取消。
)2. 含蓄虚拟语气含蓄虚拟语气常用于对过去某一动作的猜测、推测或后悔等情况的表达。
常用动词有:wish, suggest, propose等。
e.g. I wish I knew the answer.(我希望我知道答案。
)3. 虚拟语气在名词从句中的使用在名词从句中,特殊情况下可以使用虚拟语气。
一般来说,主句的谓语动词应该是要求、建议、命令、感到奇怪、怀疑等含义,从句中使用虚拟语气。
e.g. It is necessary that you be here on time.(你按时到这儿很有必要。
高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结虚拟语气是英语语法中一种用于描述假设、假想或可能性的语气。
在高中英语中,虚拟语气是一个相当重要的语法知识点。
本文将总结高中英语虚拟语气知识点,帮助学生更好地掌握虚拟语气的使用规则和技巧。
一、虚拟语气的定义及用途虚拟语气指的是表示假想、虚构、愿望、建议等情况的语气。
它强调实现的可能性很小或很远,或者根本就不可能实现。
虚拟语气通常使用“if”引导条件从句或用于表达思想、态度。
虚拟语气的用途主要有以下几个方面:1. 表示假想或虚构情况例如:If I were you, I would not do that.(如果我是你,我不会那么做。
)2. 表示可能性很小或很远例如:If you asked him, he might help you.(如果你问他,他可能会帮你。
)3. 表示愿望、要求或建议例如:I wish I could speak fluent English.(我希望我能说流利的英语。
)二、虚拟语气的形式虚拟语气形式主要有以下几种:1. 虚拟语气的过去式:在虚拟语气中,一般用过去式来表示对现在或未来的虚拟。
例如:If I had more time, I would read more books.(如果我有更多时间,我就会多看书。
)2. 虚拟语气的过去完成式:过去完成式用于表示“如果过去已经发生了某些事情,结果会是怎样”。
例如:If I had studied harder in high school, I would have gone to a better college.(如果我在高中时学习更努力,我就能进入更好的大学。
)3. 虚拟语气的“would + 动词原形”形式:“would +动词原形”形式通常用于表示愿望、要求、建议或者可能性。
例如:I wish you would stop smoking.(我希望你戒烟。
)If you would like to come, you are welcome.(如果你愿意来,欢迎你。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法及常见句型高中英语知识点归纳:虚拟语气的用法及常见句型引言:英语语法中,虚拟语气是一种特殊的语态,在表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等方面非常常见。
了解虚拟语气的用法和常见句型可以帮助学生在英语交流中更准确地表达自己的意思。
本文将介绍虚拟语气的基本用法和常见的句型。
一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气1. 形式:if + 动词的过去式,主句用“should/could/would/might + 动词原形”形式。
例如:If I were you, I would tell her the truth.(如果我是你,我会告诉她真相)2. 常见句型:a. It's time (that) + 主语 + 过去式。
(是时候…了。
)例如:It's time that we left for the airport.(是时候我们离开机场了。
)b. If only + 主语 + 过去式 or 过去完成式。
(要是…就好了。
)例如:If only he had listened to my advice!(要是他听了我的建议就好了!)c. I wish/If only + 主语 + 过去式 or 过去完成式。
(我希望…)例如:I wish I had more time to study.(我希望我有更多时间学习。
)二、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气1. 形式:if + 主语 + had + 过去分词,主句用“should/might + have + 过去分词”形式。
例如:If he had known about the party, he would have come.(如果他知道派对的话,他就会来的。
)2. 常见句型:a. If it had not been for + 名词,主语 + would/could/might not have + 过去分词.(如果不是因为…)例如:If it had not been for your help, I would not have passed the exam.(如果不是因为你的帮助,我不会通过考试的。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气和现实语气的用法区别英语中的语气分为虚拟语气和现实语气两种,它们在用法上有一些明显的区别。
虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或非现实的情况,而现实语气则表示真实的情况。
以下将对虚拟语气和现实语气的用法区别进行归纳总结。
一、虚拟语气的用法1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句用于表示与现实相反或不可能实现的情况。
它包括三种类型,分别是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句和与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句:如果主句是一般现在时,从句用虚拟语气(过去式加were)。
例如:If I were rich, I would buy a house.如果主句是现在完成时或一般过去时,从句用虚拟语气(过去完成时)。
例如:If he hadn't missed the bus, he would have arrived on time.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句:如果主句是一般过去时,从句用虚拟语气(过去完成时)。
例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句:如果主句是一般将来时,从句用虚拟语气(过去式加would/could/might)。
例如:If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 虚拟语气表示愿望、建议和要求虚拟语气还常用于表示愿望、建议和要求等非真实的情况。
例如:I wish I were taller. (表示对现在事实的一种愿望)He suggested that we should take a break. (表示建议)She requested that he not smoke in the room. (表示要求)3. 虚拟语气表示命令、建议和请求虚拟语气还可以用于表示命令、建议和请求等,通常是以动词原形开头。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结93961 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中从句主句例句If I had time, I would attend the 与现在事实相If + 主语+助动词的过主语+ should/would/could/might+meeting. 反的假设去式(were, did, had) 动词原形If I were you, I should seize theopportunity to go abroad.If you had taken my advice, you 与过去事实相If +主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/mightwould not have failed in the 反的假设 +have+过去分词exam.If you came tomorrow, we 与将来事实相? If+主语+动词过去主语+should/would/could/might+would have the meeting. 反的假设式动词原形If it were to rain tomorrow, we ? If+主语+were to+动would put off the sports meeting. 词原形If he should not come tomorrow, ? If+主语+should+动we should put off the meeting 词原形(注意不能是till next Monday. would)错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。
如:If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college studentnow. ?if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。
虚拟条件句Q: What’s the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you. (______条件句)If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. (______条件句)a. 真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。
真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思条件从句主句一般现在时will \shall+动词原形e.g. What will you do if it rains tomorrow?I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.The football match _______ put off if it______(rain).b. 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。
I. 虚拟语气?虚拟语气就是表示与真实情况相反的一种假设、愿望或推测。
Subjunctive mood is the verb form used to express a wish; a suggestion; a command or a condition that is contrary to a fact.If I ________(be ) the girl, I________________(want )a big hug.If I ______(meet ) Obama, I________________ (shake) hands with him.1.同现在事实相反的假设条件从句主句过去式(were) should/would/mould/might/+ doIf I had a lot of money, I would donate some to the people in need.2.与过去事实相反的假设条件从句主句had done would/should/could/might + have donee.g. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident in May, 2009.If I had time last night, I would have gone to see the film with you.If I had realized it then, I would have bought a lower floor.a. If Tom ________ (be) more careful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already.b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you ________________ (catch) the first train.3.与将来事实相反的假设条件从句主句did/ were to do/ should do would/should/could/might + have doneIf he got up early tomorrow, he would be on time.=If he were to get up,……=If he should get up early tomorrow,……a. If there ________ (be) no natural resource any more in the future, we ___________ (make) use of nuclear power(核动力).b. If Robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here ________ (be) no friendship.II.(时间)混合虚拟条件句即:If虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致1.如果你当时听了我的话,现在就能完成这份工作了。
If you ______________ my advice, you _________ able to finish the work now.2.如果我的你,我就去参加她的生日晚会。
If I ______ you, I ________________ to her birthday party.3.假若你不借钱给我,我不可能买下这幢新房,很可能现在还住在危房里。
If you ___________ me some money, I couldn’t ___________ the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.III. 省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装If I were Obama’s daughther, I would be happy.→If I had had another chance, I would have run faster.→Conclusion: 在虚拟条件句中,如果条件句中有were, had(助动词),should时,可以使用倒装结构,但if必须省略。
若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后。
If you were the manager here, what would you do?=___________the manager here, what would you do?If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately.=___________ act like that again, he would be fired immediately.If I were not so busy, I would go with you.___________ so busy, I would go with you.Exercise:1. _______ she a man, she might be elected president.2. If I ______ a bee, I _______ work much harder.3. If my father _____ here now, he __________ (tell) me what to do.4. If I ___________________(live) in the 22nd century, I _____________(spend) my vocation ina very different way.5. The volleyball match will be put off if it ______(rain).IV. Wish后宾语从句的虚拟(1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式(be动词一般用were) 。
I wish I ______(be) as tall as Yao MingI wish I ______(be) a bird.(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had+过去分词”。
I wish I_____________(not eat) so much watermelon.(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为“would / could / migh t+动词原形”。
(无should)I wish it __________ (rain) tomorrow.wish 的宾语从句现在:过去时(did/were)过去:过去完成时(had done)未来:would/could/might+doI wish I ______ (be) a bird.(现在)I wish I ___________ (make) such a mistake.(过去)We wish our parents_________________ (punish) us. (将来)Exercise:1. I wish I _______________(be) able to have a word with Danny when he was here last week.2. How I wish I ______________________ (sing) as well as she.3. I wish very much you __________________manage to come over.V. V. + as if/though从句中的虚拟1.从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生. 过去式(be用were)It looks as if she were sick.2. 从句所设想的时间先与主句谓语. “had+过去分词”。
I feel as if we had known each other for years.Exercise:(1) He behaves as if he______(own) the house.(2) She talks about Rome as though she __________ (be) there herself.(3) 他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。
___________________________________Conclusion: Wish和as if/ though 的虚拟语气只要把被假设情况的时态往前推一个就可以了。
比如,与一般现在时相反就推到过去时,过去时推到过去完成时…VI. Would rather + (that)从句中的虚拟现在: 过去时would rather (that)+ 过去: 过去完成时未来: 过去时1.I would rather you ______(pay) me now.2. I would rather you ___________ then, too.3. Don’t come. I would rather you _________ (come) tomorrow.VII. “(should) do型”虚拟语气(主要用在名词性从句中)1. 表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气宾语从句中常见动词: 一个坚持, 两个命令, 三个建议, 四个要求。
即1). insist2). order, command3). advise, suggest, propose/recommend4). demand, require, request, ask1. We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.2. He insisted that I (should) be present.3. The king ordered that the prisoners ________________(kill) the next day.4. Their request was that we ____________(send) them to work there.5. He demanded that the classroom ________________ (clean) at once.6. He suggested that we ____ (have) a meeting at once.**7. His pale face suggested that he ____ (be) ill.**8. Tom insisted Mike ___________ (apologize) to his teacher, but Mike insisted that he ___ (be) not wrong.2. It is surprising(/strange /important/ natural/no wonder/a pity /a shame) that +主语+(should) do/have done句型.(1)It’s necessary that we should st udy hard.(2) It is strange that he should have said so.(3) It is a pity that he should have missed such a golden chance.(4) It was amazing that the boy _____________(solve) the problem so quickly.VIII. 含蓄条件句虚拟语气(without, with, but for, or, otherwise或上下文)a. 此时主句用虚拟but for = without, were it not for/ had it not been for. “要不是因为”1.We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help.=But for your help, we couldn’t have finished...=If it had not been for your help, we …=Had it not been for you help, we…2. But for your cooperation, we couldn’t have done the work so well.3. I am busy now, otherwise/ or I would help you.b.上下文语境暗示,省略虚拟条件句4. It was not a matter of money. Even a very poor man would have done the same, I think.5. Given more time, he could have done the work better.IX. 其它句型1.It’s (about/high) time +that+过去时/should +V.e.g. 你该走了。