汽车科技英语Chapter1 Automobile Basics

缸体是发动机的基体。发动机其它的部件都 安装或固定在缸体上，包括气缸、水套和油 道，以及固定在缸体底部的曲轴等。
Automotive Engineering English
Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine
CCyylliinnddeerrSSlleeeevveess
Automotive Engineering English
Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine
ccoommbbuussttioionn cchhaammbbeerr Hemi 半球形
Wedge 楔形
Basin 盆形
aarrrraannggeemmeenntt
in-line 直列式 Automotive Engineering English
1. Intake/Induction stroke
进气行程
2. Compression stroke
压缩行程
3. Power stroke
作功行程
4. Exhaust stroke
排气行程
Qu.1: Describe the four operating strokes in English.
Automotive Engineering English
2) Cylinder sleeves are used in engine blocks to provide a hard wearing material for pistons and piston rings. The block can be made of one kind of iron that is light and easy to cast while the sleeves uses another that is better able to stand up wear and tear. There are two main types of sleeves: dry and wet. (Page 10)

译文：转向信号，或者称为定向指标或定向信号，和俗称“方向”、“有 色眼镜”、“指标”或“闪客”--信号灯安装在车辆左侧和右侧的前部一 级车尾的角落里，通常为两侧同事布置，用来提醒其他司机驾驶员正打算 转换方向。
Red steady-burning rear lights, brighter than the rear position lamps, are activated when the driver applies the vehicle’s brakes. 译文：红色稳燃后尾灯，比后位灯亮，适用于车辆的刹车。
4.5 Lighting System
Part Two: Words Study
The composition of the Headlight.
4.5 Lighting System
Part Two: Words Study
4.5 Lighting System
Part Two: Words Study
1.Good lighting 2.Bad lighting 3.Sharp turn 4.Meeting 5.Ramp driving
4.5 Lighting System
Part Four: Practice I. Identify the correct name of the different lamp.
hazard warning system tell-tale危急报警灯 backup(reversing)lamp 倒车灯
4.5 Lighting System
Part Three: Text
The lighting system of a motor vehicle consists of lighting and signalling devices mounted or intergrated to the front, sides and rear of the vehicle. 译文：机动车的照明系统包括安装或综合车辆前面,侧面和后方的照明和信 号装置。

4.7 Supplemental Restraint System
Part Three: Text
If an air bag should inflate by error under normal driving conditions, it could cause an accident.
译文：正常行驶状态下如果错误地激发了气囊，就会导致事故。
辅助约束系统 前端碰撞 碰撞传感器 安全传感器 造成事故 正常行驶状态 气囊 点火开关 螺旋电缆 静止障碍
4.7 Supplemental Restraint System
Part Four: Practice
II. Identify the English names of air bag system according to the picture.
4.7 Supplemental Restractice
IV. Translate the following sentences into English.
1．车辆辅助约束系统用于发生事故时保护乘员。
Supplemental restraint system protects the occupants If a vehicle collides with a solid object.
4.7 Supplemental Restraint System
Part Four: Practice
I.Translate the following expressions into Chinese.
supplemental restraint system front-end collision crash sensors safety sensors cause an accident under normal driving conditions air bags ignition key spiral cable stationary barrier

皮卡一般用来运载货物。为能承载更大的总质量， 皮卡的底盘和悬架比轿车更结实。
Light vehicle vans can be based on common
sedan designs or redesigns so that maximum
cargo space is available.
轻型货车一般是
前置发动机可以纵向布置，能够驱动前轮或后轮。 后置发动机布置在后轮后侧，发动机即可纵向布置 又可横向布置，一般只能驱动后轮。
Internal combustion engine: 内燃机、外燃机 Cylinder: 汽缸 圆柱体 Gasoline//diesel：汽油 柴油 Ignition：点燃 ignite Shaft // Crankshaft: 轴 曲轴 Transmission
general goods transport.
用于运输货物的商用车车身必须满足具体要求，例
如运输液体的油罐车、运输泥土或散装谷物的自卸
车、运输一般货物的平板车或货车。
no sides or roof
Buses and coaches are usually 4-wheel rigid vehicles, but a large number of wheels and axles can be used. Sometimes articulated buses are used to increase capacity. Buses and coaches can be single-deck or doubledeck. Buses are commonly used in cities as commuter transports while coaches are more luxurious used for long distances.

点燃式&火花塞点火
3. compression-ignition
压燃式
4. power unit
动力装置
5. engine configuration
发动机布置
Automotive engineering English
Chapter 1 Automotive Basics
汽车英语专业词组
1.3.1
3. valve insert
气门座
4. cam follower
凸轮挺杆
5. rocker arm
摇臂
6. valve stem
阀杆
7. gas-tight seal
气封 气密密封
8. valve clearance
气门间隙
9. valve timing
气门正时
10. intake/exhaust valve
电子系统 充电电路 电气部分 电子组件 稳压器；调压器（电压） 低压电路 原电路 点火线圈
火花塞
Automotive engineering English
Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine
汽车英语专业词组
2.1
1. chemical energy 2. internal combustion engine 3. inlet valve 4. exhaust valve 5. TDC 6. BDC 7. swept volume 8. engine capacity 9. clearance volume 10. compression ratio
惯性力 侧向力 切向力 径向力 &法向力 活塞环 活塞总成 钢圈 活塞销 活塞销凸台 活塞环槽

充电系统 化学能 交流电 电压表 过充电 发电机皮带 着火 警告灯 直流 充电指示器
4.2 Charging System
Part Four: Practice
II. Read the following passage carefully and fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words.
汽车专业英语 Specialty English for Auto Section 1 Automobile Basics Chapter 4 Charging System
4.2 Charging System
Part One: Warming up: What is the Charging System comprised of?
4.2 Charging System
Part Three: Text The charging indicator device most commonly used is a simple on/off warning lamp. 译文：最常用的充电指示器是简单的开关警告灯。 It is necessary to control the maximum voltage and current output developed by the alternator. 译文：限制最高电压和发tem
Part Two: Words Study
The main parts of the charging system.
4.2 Charging System
Part Two: Words Study
The components of the typical alternator.

汽车车身的设计还应该保证乘员的安全舒适。车身的造型（款式）使得汽车看起来漂亮迷人、色彩斑斓、时尚前卫。
Three points seatbelt in a car
Five points harness in a racing car 铠甲 甲胄
Airbag
1885 Benz 1927 Ford model T 1934 Citroën Traction Avant 1953 Morris Minor Series 2 Mini cooper
用于运输货物的商用车车身必须满足具体要求，例如运输液体的油罐车、运输泥土或散装谷物的自卸车、运输一般货物的平板车或货车。
Buses and coaches are usually 4-wheel rigid vehicles, but a large number of wheels and axles can be used. Sometimes articulated buses are used to increase capacity. Buses and coaches can be single-deck or double-deck. Buses are commonly used in cities as commuter transports while coaches are more luxurious used for long distances.
汽车专业英语 Specialty English for Automobile
单击此处添加副标题
Body
Braking
Engine
Suspension
Steering
Power train
Electrical system

Unit 1 Automotive BasicsAutomobiles, trucks, and buses are essential forms of transportation. They are complex machines made up of many parts. These parts can be grouped into a number of systems. An understanding of how the system work will help you understand how the automobile works.轿车、卡车和客车是交通运输的重要组成部分。

它们都是由许多部件组成的复杂机器。

这些部件可以归类为汽车的几个组成系统。

了解这些各个小系统是如何工作的将有助于我们理解整个汽车系统是如何工作。

An automobile can be divided into two basic parts: a body and a chassis. The body is the enclosure that houses the engine, passengers, and cargo. It is the part of the automobile that you see. The chassis is that part of the automobile beneath the body.汽车可以分为两个基本部分：车身和底盘。

车身包围发动机、乘客和行李，它是汽车你所看到的部分。

而车身以下的部分就是底盘。

1.1 An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. For example, insulation in the body reduces noise and protects against heat and cold. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. It is streamlined to lessen wind resistance and to keep the car from swaying at driving speeds.轿车车身是一个钣金件壳体，它上面有车窗、车门、发送机罩和行李舱门等部件，它给发动机、乘客和行李提供防护。

Unit 1 Basic Knowledge of Automobiles
Lesson 1 Automobile Cognition Lesson 2 A Brief Introduction to an Automobile Lesson 3 Automotive Basics and Tools
socket ['sɔkit] n. 套筒
adjustable wrench 活动扳手
parking ['pɑ:kiŋ] n. 停车
ratchet handle 棘轮扳手
instrument ['instrumənt] n. 仪器，设 slip joint pliers 鲤鱼钳
备
plastic ['plæstik] adj. 塑料的
The car body is equipped on chassis for holding the driver, passengers and goods.
The electrical system consists of power and electrical equipment.
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More Words and Phrases
The engine is the heart of the automobile, because it converts fuel energy into mechanical power.
The chassis receives the power of the engine and makes the car move normally.
John: I have just got a job in a local

Convertible 敞篷车 Taxi 出租车
SEA—Special English for Automobile
Lesson 1 Structure of Automobiles
SUV = Sports Utility Vehicle 运动型多用途车 MPV = Multi Purpose Vehicle 多用途车 RV = Recreation Vehicle 休闲车 1)Passenger 乘用车 2)Commercial 商用车
Lesson 1 Structure of Automobiles
separate frame construction
SEA—Special English for Automobile
Lesson 1 Structure of Automobiles
semi-integral body construction
Racing car 赛车
Jeep 吉普车 Bus 公共汽车 Coach 长途客车 Truck 卡车
Wagon 四轮马车 货车 四轮马车, Van 大篷车， 大篷车，运货车 Pick-up 皮卡 Trailer 拖车 Tractor = prime mover [美] 牵引车 美 Cross-country vehicle 越野车
SEA—Special English for Automobile
Lesson 1 Structure of Automobiles
The body and frame section of an automobile is the basic foundation of the vehicle. All other components and systems are attached to the body and frame. The frame supports the vehicle body, engine, and the driveline. There are two types of body and frame configuration. The separate body and frame construction illustrated in Fig. 1-2 (a) has been used for a long time. The second type of construction is called the unitized body. See Fig. 1-2(b). This type of vehicle is designed with the frame and body in one unit. The unitized body is used in most cars today. 车身和车架是汽车的基本构成部分。 车身和车架是汽车的基本构成部分。其它所有部件和系统都与车身和车架相 车架支撑着车身、发动机、传动系。 连。车架支撑着车身、发动机、传动系。 车身和车架的结构有两种类型，分离式车身和车架已使用了很长时间，如图 车身和车架的结构有两种类型，分离式车身和车架已使用了很长时间，如图1-2 ）。第二种被称为整体式车身 （a）。第二种被称为整体式车身，车辆的车身和车架设计成一体，如图 （b ）。第二种被称为整体式车身，车辆的车身和车架设计成一体，如图1-2（ ）。整体式车身在今天的大多轿车中使用 整体式车身在今天的大多轿车中使用。 ）。整体式车身在今天的大多轿车中使用。

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1.2.3 Cars classification by inner space （乘用车的分类：按使用空间分类）

One Box Car 一厢车 车身为一个厢体的乘用 车称为一厢车。发动机 舱设在驾驶席的下面， 同驾驶室一体化。车内 空间宽敞，可存放多件 行李物品，商用车多采 用这种设计。

公司的标志是一头浑身充满了力气，正准备向对手发动 猛烈攻击的犟牛。据说兰伯基尼本人就是这种不甘示弱 的牛脾气，也体现了兰伯基尼公司产品的特点，因为公 司生产的汽车都是大功率、高速的运动型轿车。车头和 车尾上的商标省去了公司名，只剩下一头犟牛。
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1.1.4 Do you know the manufacturers of these cars? （你知道下面几款汽车是属于哪个 汽车公司？）
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Tow truck 拖车
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Agricultural vehicle 农用三轮车
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Concrete mixer 搅拌车
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Truck 货车
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Ambulance 救护车
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British French Germany Italy
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1.1.3 Logo meaning （车标的含义）
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车标的含义：“椭圆”：象征地球，表示面向世界、 走向国际化；椭圆在动态中是最稳定的，喻示及祝愿 吉利的事业稳如磐石，在风雨中屹立不倒；“六个 六”:象征太阳的光芒，只有走进太阳，才能吸取无穷 的热量，只有经过竞争的洗礼，才能百炼成钢；六个 六，“六六大顺”，祝愿如意、吉祥；六个六，吉利 一步一个台阶，不断超越，发展无止境；六个六，中 华优秀传统文化的底蕴，是吉利不断发展超越的精神 源泉；六个六，发展民族工业，走向世界，是吉利不 舍不弃的追求；“内圈蔚蓝”：象征广阔的天空，超 越无止境，发展无止境；“外圈深蓝”象征无垠的宇 宙，超越无限，空间无限。

Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More Words and Phrases
Unit 13
Lesson 24
A. Look at the pictures and learn the types of the vehicle.
bus公交车
electric vehicle电动汽车
Unit 13
Lesson 24
C. Read the text again and complete the following sentences.
1. The car industry is a _f_a_st_d_e_v_e_l_o_p_in_g_ industry. 2. There are thousands of factories all over the world _m__an_u_f_a_c_turing
2. There are only a few automobile factories all over the world.
N
3. Toyota Motor Corporation is not famous at all.
N
4. There are more famous car manufacturers in China than in foreign
Unit 13
Lesson 24
Mary 想购买一辆汽车，Tom 是一名前台接待，他们正在议价。
Mary: I like this car very much. How much is it? Tom: It is 125,980 Yuan. Mary:It’s a bit expensive for me. Can you give me a discount? Tom: Well, as you can see, it’s the newest model. The supply is unable to meet the demand. The engine is 2.0 liter. Lower liter engine could save a lot. I think it’s a reasonable price. Mary: What a pity! The price is beyond my budget. I’ll think about it. Tom: If you would like, I can show you some other models. Mary: OK. Thank you. Tom: You are welcome. This way, please.

Unit 1 Automotive BasicsBody 车身Chassis 底盘Enclosure 外壳，盒子，套Hood 发动机罩，车篷，车顶Sway 摇摆，摇动Frame 车架Steering 转向，操纵Brake 制动Weld 焊接，焊缝，铆接Rivet 铆钉，用铆钉铆接Bolt 螺栓，螺钉，用螺栓连接Washer 垫圈Vibration 振动，颤动Stabilizer 稳定器，稳定杆Ride 乘坐舒适性Handling 操作稳定性Linkages 转向传动机构Plier 钳子Distributor 分电器Alternator 交流发电机Regulator 调节器Carburetor 化油器，气化器Radiator 散热器，水箱Defroster 除冰装置，防结冰装置Sludge 金属碎屑Transmission 变速器Differential 差速器Power train 传动系Unitized body 承载式车身，无大梁车身Suspension system 悬架系统Steering system 转向系Braking system 制动系Shock absorbers 减振器Control arms 控制臂Steering wheel 转向盘Steering column 转向管柱Steering gears 转向器Tie rod 横拉杆Idler arm 随动臂Brake shoe 制动蹄片Disc brake 盘式制动器Drum brake 鼓式制动器Ignition system 点火系统Exhaust system 排气系统Lubrication system 润滑系统Oil filters 机油滤清器Drive shaft 传动轴Universal joints 万向节Unit 5 Fuel Injection SystemFeedback 反馈Injector 喷油器Sensor 传感器Given 给定的Bleed 放油Spigot 连接管接合Alleviate 易于忍受Momentarily 瞬时地Electric pump 电动燃油泵Pulse width 脉冲宽度Fuel rail 油轨Return line 回油管路Fuel pressure regulator 燃油压力调节器Throttle body assembly 节气门体总成Solid state pressure transducer 晶体管压力传感器Measure off 量出Hall effect sensor 霍尔效应传感器Taper off 逐渐减少Unit 6 Exhaust SystemTremendous 巨大的，极大的Perforated 多孔的Muffler 消声器Tailpipe 尾管Hanger 吊耳，吊钩Manifold 歧管Fiberglass 玻璃纤维，玻璃丝Speaker 扬声器Header 集气管Baffled 用挡板隔开的，带有障碍板的，阻挡的Convoluted 回旋状的，盘旋的Flat 平坦的Socket 插座Sizable 相当大的，大小相当的Room 空间Bump 碰撞，冲击Stick out 伸出，显眼，触目The body of a car 车身Cast iron 铸铁Catalytic converter 催化转换器Out of phase with 与…反相Collide with 与…相撞Cancel out 取消Backpressure 背压unit 8cluth n.离合器；联轴器，结合器flywheel n.飞轮crankshift n.曲轴，机轴mount v.安放，设置，装上groove n.（凹）槽，沟lever n.杆，杠杆，控制杆gearbox n.变速器（箱）compactness n.紧密，简洁，结构紧凑drive train 传动系统drive shaft 驱动轴，传动轴pressure plate 压盘clutch disc 离合器从动盘，离合器摩擦片gear ratio 传动比，齿轮齿数比release bearing 分离轴承release fork 分离拨叉master cylinder 主缸clutch pedal 离合器踏板coupling device 接合装置at idle 空转，空闲ring gear 环形齿轮，齿圈pinion gear 小齿轮splined hub 花键毂cast iron 铸铁，锻铁diaphragm spring 膜片弹簧thrust pad 止推（推力）垫centrifugal force 离心力fulcrum ring （膜片弹簧）支撑环bell housing 钟形外壳，离合器壳，变距器外壳unit 10differential n.差速器mesh v.啮合traction n.牵引力limited-slip differential 防滑差速器drive shift 传动轴axle shafts 半轴，驱动轴final drive assembly 主减速器总成gear reduction 齿轮减速gear reduction ratios 齿轮减速比spiral bevel gear 螺旋锥齿轮side gear （differential gear）半轴齿轮pinion shaft 行星齿轮轴differential pinion 行星齿轮drive pinion （主减速器）主动小齿轮unit 11slotted hole 长圆孔，长孔，缝槽，切口Braked pads 制动块。

创新职业英语系列教材汽车英语Automotive English: A Comprehensive Guide for the Automotive Industry.Introduction.The automotive industry is a global powerhouse, with cutting-edge technology and a vast network of professionals. To succeed in this dynamic field, effective communicationis paramount. Automotive English provides a specialized vocabulary and grammar framework tailored to meet theunique demands of the industry.Chapter 1: Automotive Basics.Key terminology for vehicles and components.Understanding vehicle specifications and performance metrics.Communication in maintenance and repair workshops.Chapter 2: Design and Engineering.Vocabulary related to vehicle design, materials, and manufacturing.Reading and interpreting technical drawings and specifications.Communicating with design teams and engineers.Chapter 3: Sales and Marketing.Effective communication with customers and dealerships.Marketing strategies and industry trends.Negotiating and closing automotive deals.Chapter 4: Parts and Inventory Management.Vocabulary for parts ordering, inventory control, and distribution.Communication with suppliers and logistics providers.Managing automotive parts inventory.Chapter 5: Service and Repair.Technical vocabulary for diagnosing and repairing vehicles.Communication with technicians and customers.Reporting on service work and customer satisfaction.Chapter 6: Automotive Technology.Terminology related to emerging automotive technologies.Understanding connected cars, autonomous vehicles, andelectrification.Communicating about future developments in the industry.Chapter 7: International Automotive Business.Globalization and the automotive industry.Vocabulary for cross-cultural communication.Negotiating and collaborating with international partners.Chapter 8: Automotive Journalism.Writing and editing automotive articles and reviews.Industry news and analysis.Communicating with automotive enthusiasts and professionals.Chapter 9: Vocabulary Builder.Extensive list of automotive-specific vocabulary.Definitions, examples, and pronunciation.Practice exercises to improve vocabulary.Chapter 10: Grammar Reference.Review of English grammar essential for automotive communication.Focus on technical writing, sentence structure, and verb tenses.Exercises to enhance grammar skills.Conclusion.Automotive English empowers professionals in theindustry to communicate effectively in all aspects of their work. By mastering the specialized vocabulary, grammar, and communication strategies outlined in this guide,individuals can excel in this global field and advancetheir careers.。

CHAPTER 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS1.1 Principal Components 主要构成零部件Today's average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment. 现在，一般汽车由大约一万五千多个独立的零部件组成。

这些部件分为四大类，即发动机（引擎系统），车身，底盘和电气设备。

1.2 Engine 发动机/引擎系统The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine :gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel(also called acompression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission.引擎的作用是动力产生的部件。

Part Three: Text
Safety switches or interlock devices are used with all automatic transmissions and on many late-model cars with manual transmissions. 译文：所有自动变速器和很多新款的手动变速器汽车上安装了安全开关或 内锁止装置。 An automotive starter motor has many conductors and uses a lot of current to create enough rotational force to crank the engine. 译文：汽车起动机上有很多导线并依靠大电流产生足够的旋转力来起动发 动机。
4.3 Starting System
Part One: Warming up: What is the starter motor comprised of?
4.3 Starting System
Part Two: Words Study
How does the current flow in the starting system?
4.3 Starting System
Part Three: Text
The motor housing encloses the armature and pole pieces, holds the bearings that support the armature shaft, and provides the terminals for connecting the motor to the rest of the starting system. 译文：起动机壳体封装着电枢和磁极，壳体两端的轴承支撑着电枢转轴， 并将起动机和起动系其他部分相连。