I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statements or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statements or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point each)
1.Around which period of time did the Celts start to arrive in Britain?
A. 3000
B.
C.
B. 2000 B.
C.
C. 700 B.C.
D. 500 B.C.
2. Who gives their name to the English people?
A. the Jutes
B. the Saxons
C. the Angles
D. the Cel t s
3. “ The Danelaw” refers to the ________ part of England which was occupied by the Danes in King Alfred’s time.
A. south and west
B. north and east
C. south and west
D. north and west
4. In 1066, William, Duke of Normandy, fought King ________of England near Hastings and won the battle of Hastings.
A. Henry
B. Albert
C. James
D. Harold
5. Which of the following is not the content of the Domesday Book ?
A. lands
B. tenants
C. possessions
D. churches
6. Owing to the great genius of the 14th century poet_______ the British native literature was sufficiently vigorous and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them.
A. Chaucer
B. Ben Johnson
C. Shakespeare
D. Marlow
7. In Britain, the Puritan Revolution refers to __________
A. The War of Roses
B. The Hundred Years’ War
C. The Seven Years’ War
D. The Civil War
8. When Oliver Cromwell became the ruler of the commonwealth, one of his first acts was to crush a rebellion in ________, killing all the inhabitants of the towns of Drogheda and Wexford.
B. Ireland
C. Wales
D. England
9. The Parliament elected in 1660 asked the late King’s son to return fro m his long exile in France as King ________. This was the Restoration.
A. Charles I
B. Charles II
C. James I
D. James II
10. Which one of the following is not the content of the People’s Charter?
A. voting by secret ballot
B. equal electoral districts
C. vote for all adults (males)
D. payment of members of Parliament
11. English colonial expansion began wi t h the colonization of _________in 1583.
A. India
B. Massachusetts
C. Newfoundland
D. New Zealand
12. After the Seven Years’ War between Bri tain and France,_________ was ceded to Britain by the 1763 Treaty of Paris.
A. Canada
B. Louisiana
C. Florida
D. California
13. In 1940, _________ replaced Chamberlain as the British Prime Minister and finally led Britain to victory.
A. Attlee
B. Macmillan
C. Churchill
D. Heath
14. In _________, Britain finally became a full member of the European Economic Community.
A. 1972
B. 1973
C. 1975
D. 1976
15. What is not true about the functions of the British Prime Minister?
A. He is appointed by the Queen;
B. He is the First Lord of the Treasury and the Minister of the Civil Service;
C. He always sits in the House of Lords;
D. His official residence is No. 10 Downing Street in London.
16. Which holiday is part of Scottish “Hogmanay” festival?
A. New Year’s Day
C. Easter
D. Halloween
17. The origin of Guy Fawkes Day lies in the _________.
A. Gunpowder Plot of 1605.
B. Great Fire
C. Resurrection of Christ
D. Crusades
18. The School of Eton belongs to ___________.
A. Comprehensive school
B. Secondary Modern School
C. Tertiary college
D. Public school
19. Of the four papers, which one is of quality paper?
A. Daily Mirror
B. The Times
C. The Sun
D. Daily Star
20. ________ is the most typical British sports.
A. football
B. tennis
C. golf
D. cricket
21. The first English colony in the Americas was founded in ________in 1607.
A. Virginia
B. Massachusetts
C. New York
D. New Jersey
22. On__________, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence.
A. June 4
B. July 4
C. June 14
D.July 14
23. In 1791 ten amendments to the American consti t ution were ratified---- the Bill of Rights---- which were introduced by_________
A. Thomas Jefferson
B. George Washington
C. James Madison
D. John Adams
24. In 1865, the __________ Amendment which banned slavery was added to the Constitution.
A. Tenth
B. Twelfth
C. Thirteenth
D. Fourteenth
25. At the Peace Conference after the WWI, American President Wilson put forward a program of ___________.
A. New Deal
B. New Freedom
C. Fifteen points
D. Fourteen Points
26. It was after __________ that the U.S. formally involved itself into WWII.
A. the Japanese attack on China
B. the German attack on Poland
C. the bombing of Pearl Harbor
D. the German attack on Britain
27. I t was at the conference of _________ that Stalin agreed to declare war on Japan.
A. Teheran
B. Yalta
C. Potsdam
D. Paris
28. The Muckrakers were a group of reform-minded ______ at the turn of the 20th century.
A. politicians
B. businessmen
C. journalists
D. scientists
29. The two Presidents during the Progressive Movement were ______ and ______.
A. Theodore R oosevelt, Woodrow Wilson
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson
C. Theodore R oosevelt, Harry Truman
D. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry Truman
30. America’s post-war policy toward the former Soviet Union was _______
A. isolationism
B. containment
C. appeasement
D. neutrality
31. In Feb. 1972, President Nixon visited China and met Chairman Mao Zedong and the two countries issued the___________.
A. Shanghai Communique.
B. Beijing Communique
C. Shanghai Agreement
D. Beijing Agreement
32. In the postwar years American government adopted the ________ to manage economy.
A. monetarist policies
B. Keynesian theory.
C. supply-side economy
E. market economy
33. The second highest level of the federal judiciary in the U.S. is made up of ______.
A. the Supreme Court
B. the courts of special jurisdiction
C. the courts of appeal
D. the district courts
34. The Senate is composed of ______ seats from each state in the U.S.
A. 2
B. 5
C. 8
D. 10
35. In the U.S., a President can be elected to office only ________.
A. once
B. twice
C. three times
D. four times
36. In the U.S., nearly all the ______ practice some form of open admission.
A. research universities
B. private colleges
C. public community colleges
D. specialized institutions
37. There are around ______ institutions of higher education in the U.S.
A. 1,000
B. 2,000
C. 3,000
D. 3,500
38. The Waste Land by _________ is regarded by scholars the most important poem of the 20th century.
A. William
B. Dickinson
C. Emerson
D. T.S. Eliot
39. __________was regarded as Black America’s poet laureate.
A. Wright
B. Hughes
C. Whitman
D. Martin Luther King
40.On News Year’s Eve, one of the most exci t ing places in the U.S. is Times Square in _________.
A. Washington D.C.
B. New York City
C. San Francisco
D. Chicago
41. The leading city of the Atlantic provinces of Canada is _______, which is a major manuf acturing and rail center.
A. Ottawa
B. Vancouver
C. Halifax
D. Quebec
42. __________ is called the Chicago of Canada.
A. Ottawa
B. Winnipeg
C. Quebec
D. Vancouver
43. Two men are important in the early discovery of Canada. They were the Italian sea Captain _____ and
a French navigator _______.
A. Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci
B. John Cabot, Jacques Cartier
C. James Cook, Samuel de Champlain
D. Henry Hudson, Lawrence
44. _________ has Australia’s richest farmland and best grazing land.
A. The Great Western Plateau
B. The Eastern Highlands
C. The Central Eastern Lowlands
D. The Great Dividing Range
45. Australia’s climate is ________.
A. cool and windy
B. warm and wet
C. hot and wet
D. hot and dry
46. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Isla nder people account for ______ of Australia’s population.
A. 5%
B. 3%
C. 2%
D. 1.5%
47. Large areas of original forest can be found on ___________ in New Zealand.
A. the east coast of South Island
B. the west coast of South Island
C. the east coast of North Island
D. the west coast of North Island
48. The capital of New Zealand is ________.
A. Nelson
B. Wellington
C. Melbourne
D. Dunedin
49. In Ireland the basic ethnic stock is _________.
A. English
B. Norse
C. French
D. Celtic
50. _______ has the lightest rainfall in Ireland.
A. The Central Lowland
B. The Northeast
C. The Northwest
D. The Southwest
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points each)
51. What is the significance of the Hundred Years’ War?
52. What is the relationship between Elizabeth I and the Parliament like?
53. What does British Parliament consist of?
54. What is Harlem Renaissance?
55. What are the two major political parties in the U.S.?
56. Name three examples of intolerant nationalism in the U.S. in the 1920s.
57. What is the Canadian Shield?
58. What does “Red Centre” refer to in Australia?
59. What are the two largest North Island rivers in New Zealand?
60. How is the weather of Ireland described?
III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points each)
61.Thatctherism
62. The British Constitution
63. The New Right in America
64. Manifest Destiny
答案：
I.
1. C
2. C
3. B
4.D
5.D
6.A
7.D
8.B
9. B 10. C 11.C 12.A
13. C 14.B 15 C 16 A 17 A 18. D 19. B 20. D 21 A 22. B 23. C 24.C
25.D 26.C 27.B 28. C 29.A 30.B 31.A 32.B 33.C 34. A 35.B 36.C
37. D 38. D 39 B 40. B 41.C 42.B 43.B 44.C 45.D 46 D 47.B 48.B
49. D 50.A
II.
51. The expulsion of the English from France is a blessing for both countries: the superior size and wealth of France would certainly have hindered the development of a separate English national identi t y, while French national identi t y was hindered so long as a foreign power occupied so much French territory. 52. Generally speaking, Elizabeth was able to work with Parliament, but the relationship was o ften turbulent. (Parliament wished its customary right of free speech confirmed in writing; and it wanted to be allowed to start discussion of important questions at will, not by invitation. Elizabeth would not permit either thing.)
53. It consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
54. In 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as the Harlem Renaissance.
55. They are the Democratic Party and the R epublican Party.
56. The examples are: the R ed Scare in 1919 and 1920, the death sentence of Sacco and Vanzetti, and the revival and growth of the Ku Klux Klan.
57. It is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hundon Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It is a region of rounded hills, tens of thousands of lakes and swamp.
58. It refers to an area wi t h red-brown and tan soils in the heart of the country.
59. They are the Waikato and the Wanganui.
60. The weather of Ireland is described as “ mild, moist and changeable.”
III.
61.The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It inclu des the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.
62. There is no written consti t ution in the United Kingdom, that is, unlike the consti t utions of most other countries, the British constitution is not set out in any single document. I t is made up of statute law, common law and conventions (Conventions are rules and practices which are not legally enforceable but which are regarded as indispensable to the working of government).
63. From the mid-1970s onwards, the United States suffered from “stagflation”, that is, the occurrence of stagnation and inflation at the same time. Not only were prices rising, economic growth was slowing. Besides, as a result of the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal, American prestige became much lower abroad.
All this brought about in the late 1970s and early 1980s a rise in New Right conservatism. The New Right consists of two groups of people: the firm believers of Protestant religious teachings who were more concerned with social and moral issues, and the intellectuals who were more concerned with political and foreign policy issues. The New Right demanded equal time in school for the teaching of man created by God as opposed to the teaching of evolution, opposed abortion and affirmative action, that is, preferential treatment for minorities and women in education and employment, demanded tax cuts and cuts in social security spending and the rebuilding of American military strength.
64. The expansionist movement produced a theory of Manifest Destiny. The implications of this theory are three fold: 1) the inevitability of the founding of the United States of America;2) the legi t imacy of the expansion of American Territory; 3) the spread of American democracy being the task of American people who were chosen to do the Lord’s work.