全新版第二版综合B3U5-D
Part I Listening Comprehension ( 13 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements. Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONL Y ONCE. Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false.
1.
A) T
B) F
Script: I?m grateful for the people who have helped me and try to repay them all the time.
正确答案：B
2.
A) T
B) F
Script: Although I have never before expressed gratitude to the people who help me a lot, I can take an opportunity to thank them later on.
正确答案：B
3.
A) T
B) F
Script: I never feel regretful that modern children prefer the electronic media to books.
正确答案：B
4.
A) T
B) F
Script: I thank my grandma simply because she taught me many good qualities that benefit me a lot.
正确答案：B
5.
A) T
B) F
Script: My thank-you letter convinced Nelson that he had gained much success in his career.
正确答案：A
6.
A) T
B) F
Script: I felt moved deeply because my grandma still gave me a reply although it was not an easy thing for her.
正确答案：A
7.
A) T
B) F
Script: Those who focused on hassles disliked to exercise because they lacked passion for their life.
正确答案：B
8.
A) T
B) F
Script: Gratitude is an inborn quality which can hardly be developed.
正确答案：B
9.
A) T
B) F
Script: People who expressed gratitude expected to be repaid by people who felt appreciated.
正确答案：B
10.
A) T
B) F
Script: Gratitude has the potential to change everything from its ordinary state to being a gift.
正确答案：A
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Thursday is Thanksgiving Day in the United States, a day when many Americans express gratitude for good (11)_________________ in their personal lives, their (12)_________________ and the larger world. But what are some of the (13)_________________ things Americans are grateful for this year?
Three (14)_________________ girls visiting Washington on a school trip say gratitude is as much a part of a family Thanksgiving meal, as are roast (15)_________________ and yams. “At Thanksgiving, we go around the table and say what we are (16)_________________ and thankful for, and it just feels good,” one says. “I?m really grateful for how close I am to my family and friends,” (17)_________________ another, “and how they are always there for me and we are always here for each other.”
(18)_________________ on New York?s Broadway Avenue has seen his share of sorrows,
(19)_________________ . “I?m breathing and I have two arms and two legs and I can talk and see. You wake up and you say …Dang! Thank God! I?m alive.? And I get to work every day. I?m just
grateful for what I?ve got,” he says.
As (20)_________________ lies fast asleep, Angel Figueroa and his wife Jessica Torres say they?re thankful for, "happiness, joy and being parents," this Thanksgiving. Torres says the couple plans to teach their daughter to express gratitude easily and often. “It?s a healthy way to live. Gratitude keeps the world going in a positive way.”
Script: Thursday is Thanksgiving Day in the United States, a day when many Americans express gratitude for good fortune in their personal lives, their communities and the larger world. But what are some of the specific things Americans are grateful for this year?
Three teenage girls visiting Washington on a school trip say gratitude is as much a part of a family Thanksgiving meal, as are roast turkey and yams. “At Thanksgiving, we go around the table and say what we are grateful and thankful for, and it just feels good,” one says. “I?m really grateful for how close I am to my family and friends,” adds another, “and how they are always there for me and we are always here for each other.”
A street vendor on New York?s Broad way Avenue has seen his share of sorrows, yet remains appreciative. “I?m breathing and I have two arms and two legs and I can talk and see. You wake up and you say …Dang! Thank God! I?m alive.? And I get to work every day. I?m just grateful for what I?ve got,” he says.
As their infant daughter lies fast asleep, Angel Figueroa and his wife Jessica Torres say they?re thankful for, “happiness, joy and being parents,” this Thanksgiving. Torres says the couple plans to teach their daughter to express gratitude e asily and often. “It?s a healthy way to live. Gratitude keeps the world going in a positive way.”
正确答案：fortune
正确答案：communities
正确答案：specific
正确答案：teenage
正确答案：turkey
正确答案：grateful
正确答案：adds
正确答案：A street vendor
正确答案：yet remains appreciative
正确答案：their infant daughter
Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Rather than saying they would forgive that I hadn?t 21 thanked them, instead, for Pete?s sake, they were thanking me — for having remembered, for having considered they had done anything so 22 .
Always the college professor, my dad had carefully avoided anything he considered too 23 , so I knew how moved he was to write me that, after having helped educate many young people, he now felt that his best results included his own son.
The Reverend Nelson wrote that his 24 as a “simple, old-fashioned principal” had ended with
schools undergoing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt. “I heard more of what I had done wrong than what I did right,” he said, adding that my letter had brought him welcome 25 that his career had been appreciated.
A glance at Grandma?s 26 handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standin g alongside her white rocking chair, watching her “settin? down” some letter to relatives. 27 , Grandma would slowly 28 one word, then the next, so that a finished page would 29 hours. I wept over the page 30 my Grandma?s recent hours invested in expressin g her loving gratefulness to me —whom she used to diaper!
A) sentimentalB) reassuranceC) exceptionalD) Character by character
E) representingF) consumeG) sensationalH) similar
I) accomplishJ) familiarK) obviouslyL) assurance
M) presentingN) decadesO) previously
21.______________________
正确答案：O
22.______________________
正确答案：C
23.______________________
正确答案：A
24.______________________
正确答案：N
25.______________________
正确答案：B
26.______________________
正确答案：J
27.______________________
正确答案：D
28.______________________
正确答案：I
29.______________________
正确答案：F
30.______________________
正确答案：E
Section B
Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Four weeks ago US children dressed as monsters and asked for sweets. That was Halloween. In a few weeks American houses will be red and green and filled with presents. For Christmas．
As if all this isn’t enough, on Thursday this week, America will enjoy another festival —Thanksgiving．
Children will have two days off school, shops will close and houses will be filled with families enjoying mountains of food．
Every year, in Gainesville, Florida, all entire class celebrate Thanksgiving together．The class dresses up and puts on plays for their families. After the plays the families share a feast of traditional Thanksgiving foods like turkey and pumpkin pie．
Dean Foster, an 11-year-old bo y will take part in this celebration. He said: “I love Thanksgiving because it means time off school, lots of nice food and a happy family.”
His brother Ben, nine, said: “The best thing about Thanksgiving，is that when it is finished, it is time to start Christmas.”
But behind the food and the large amount of money spent there is another message. On Thursday evening, Dean and Ben’s family will make a basket and put it on the table as they eat their evening meal．
Each of them will write a list of things that they are thankful for and place the paper in the basket. The family will read the pieces of paper and take time to thank God and each other for providing them with comfortable and happy lives．
Thanksgiving is a traditional festival that started in 1621, when the first pilgrims arrived in the US to start a new life. After a hard year, they had a big autumn harvest. They held a feast and invited the native American Indians along to thank God for giving them enough food．In time, other colonies began to celebrate a day of thanksgiving. But it took years before there was a national Thanksgiving Day. During the Civil War, Sarah Josepha Hale persuaded Abraham Lincoln to do something about it. He proclaimed the last Thursday of November 1863 as a day of thanksgiving. Today, Americans celebrate this happy harvest festival on the fourth Thursday in November. Many countries celebrate Thanksgiving. They often fall after the fields have been harvested and the crops collected for winter．
31.
On Halloween, children in the United States often dress up as ________.
A) ghosts
B) actors
C) pilgrims
D) tourists
正确答案：A
32.
Which of the following is NOT included in Thanksgiving celebration in America?
A) Preparing a traditional dinner featuring roast turkey.
B) There is a two-day holiday at school.
C) Thanking God and each other.
D) The shops are open round-the-clock.
正确答案：D
33.
Thanksgiving is the time for the American people to thank God for ________.
A) looking after them
B) providing them with comfortable and happy lives
C) clothing them
D) protecting them
正确答案：B
34.
Many children in the United States like Thanksgiving because ________.
A) they can stay with their parents at home and eat a lot of nice food
B) they can dress up like monsters
C) they can put on plays
D) they can visit American Indians
正确答案：A
35.
The first pilgrims in the United States started the first Thanksgiving that is celebrated to ________.
A) thank the native for helping them
B) thank the US for offering an environment to exist
C) thank God for bestowing food on them
D) thank God for giving them life
正确答案：C
Passage Two
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
There is a new type of advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among "situations vacant", although it doesn't offer anyone job, and sometimes it appears "situations wanted", although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What is done is to offer help in applying for a job.
"Contact us before writing your application", or "Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae (工作简历) or job history", is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.
There was a time when job seeker simply wrote letters of application. "Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams" was about the average level of advice offer distributed to young people applying for their first jobs when they left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, and everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.
Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter, which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. "Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for, " was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.
There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.
The new type of advertisement that is appearing in newspaper columns ______.
A) informs job hunters of the opportunities available
B) promises useful advice to those looking for employment
C) divides available jobs into various types
D) informs employers that people are available for work
正确答案：B
37.
Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because _______.
A) there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people
B) there are so many top-level job available
C) there are so many people out of work
D) the job history is considered to be a work of art
正确答案：C
38.
In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would _______.
A) write a initial letter giving their life history
B) pass some exams before applying for a job
C) have no qualifications other than being able to read and write
D) keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview
正确答案：D
39.
Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter _______.
A) something that would attract attention to one's application
B) a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to join
C) something that would offend the person reading it
D) a lie that one could easily get away with telling
正确答案：A
40.
The job history has become such an important document because ______.
A) there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised
B) there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees
C) jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays
D) the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated
正确答案：B
Part III V ocabulary and Structure ( 12 minutes )
Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.
My grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, ________ I keep to this day.
A) and thus
B) and
C) so
D) and which
正确答案：D
42.
Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains ________.
A) to be shown
B) to have shown
C) to have been shown
D) being shown
正确答案：A
43.
She is a very ________ student. She?s always talking about travelling to outer space.
A) imaginary
B) imaginative
C) imaginable
D) imagining
正确答案：B
44.
As these electrons are ______ charged they will attempt to repel each other.
A) affirmatively
B) negatively
C) positively
D) defensively
正确答案：B
45.
The village was ______ from the outside world by heavy snow for a month.
A) cut away
B) cut down
C) cut off
D) cut out
正确答案：C
46.
________ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.
A) In case of
B) But for
C) In spite of
D) Because of
正确答案：B
47.
I am so sorry to have ________ you with so many questions on such an occasion.
A) offended
B) bothered
C) impressed
D) interfered
正确答案：B
48.
Everyone ________ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.
A) piled
B) assembled
C) joined
D) accumulate
正确答案：B
49.
A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is ________ certain conditions or events.
A) in favor of
B) in response to
C) in contrast to
D) in excess of
正确答案：B
50.
Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were ________ deeply.
A) applied
B) approved
C) appreciated
D) appealed
正确答案：C
51.
In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or ________ for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic program for the reading skills.
A) assembled
B) acknowledged
C) appointed
D) adapted
正确答案：D
52.
Come on, it's time to ______ these toys ______.
A) turn / over
B) take / off
C) let / loose
D) put / away
正确答案：D
53.
Jane glanced at the clock. "Oh dear, I'm late! I have to run or I'll be late for my first appointment." She kissed her husband quickly, picked up her ______, and started for the door.
A) checkbook
B) briefcase
C) shoeshine
D) champagne
正确答案：B
54.
The police interviewed the dead man's relatives, friends and ______.
A) cripples
B) weathermen
C) shipmates
D) victims
正确答案：C
55.
Peach trees are considered ______ when they begin bearing fruit.
A) mutual
B) massive
C) mature
D) marvelous
正确答案：C
56.
The students showed ______ when solving the difficult maths problems.
A) validity
B) purity
C) ingenuity
D) reliability
正确答案：C
57.
________, we need to improve the equipment in our factory right now.
A) As it is
B) As it was
C) As it were
D) As it will be
正确答案：A
58.
I ______ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.
A) need have written
B) needn't have written
C) must have written
D) may have written
正确答案：B
59.
Every boy and girl must have ____ hair neatly combed.
A) his
B) her
C) its
D) their
正确答案：A
60.
I should very much like to have gone to the party but I _____.
A) am not invited
B) shall not be invited
C) am not being invited
D) was not invited
正确答案：D
Part IV Translation ( 10 minutes )
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English (with the given words or phrases).
61. 他沉迷在电脑游戏当中，没有注意到我。
________________________________________
正确答案：He was so immersed in playing computer games that he didn’t notice me. 62. 足球队庆祝他们连续第四次获胜。
________________________________________
正确答案：The football team celebrated its fourth successive victory.
63. 老照片让我回想起大学时代的美好时光。
________________________________________
正确答案：The old photographs brought back many pleasant memories of my college life.
64. 我谨代表我公司向贵方的热情招待表示衷心的感谢。
________________________________________
正确答案：On behalf of my company, I would like to express my sincere thanks to you for your hospitality.
65. 他要求我们每个人轮流谈谈电脑给我们生活带来的影响。
________________________________________
正确答案：He asked each of us in turn to describe how the computer had affected our lives
Unit 1 Old friends, different choices V ocabulary Task Answers/Script A It’s been 10 years since I saw you last. I was able to travel and see the world. And I never got stuck being a housewife! B Things are going great for me these days. I finally settled down and got a real job. Now I work 9 to 5 at a neighborhood store. C Life has sure treated me well. I put myself through school. I was able to work my way up in a company. And then I started my own business. Listening Task First Listening Answers 1. He went overseas for graduate school and is working at a high-tech company. 2. She was in a few beauty contests, but she never won. She now has two children. 3. He works at the neighborhood post office and has two children. 4. She’s the branch manager at the local grocery store. 2)second listening Answer 1. He missed his home. 2. She hopes her daughter will become a model. 3. He loves his family. 4. She’s proud of her new job. Script 1. A: Jim, I can’t believe it-wow! I haven’t seen you since we graduated fr om high school! What have you been doing? B: Well, after I went overseas for graduate school, and I had a great time. But finally I had to come home and get a real job in a high-teach company. B: Yeah，I remember you always wanted an international lifestyle. A: Oh, I had a great time overseas, but I got home-stick, too. 2. A: Carol, is that you? B: Yes, it’s me! A: Oh, it’s so good to see you! You know, Carol, I remember you always wanted to be a famous model and travel around the world. Did it happen? B: Well, no. I was in a few beauty contests, but I never won, and nobody ever offered me a modeling contract. A: Oh, that’s too bad. B: Yeah, but now I guess I’m too old, and I have two young kids, a boy and a girl. You know, maybe my daughter will get to do it some day. 3. A: What have you been up to over the years, Ed? B: Well, I have two beautiful children now and work 9-5 at the neighborhood post office. A: Hmm, I remember you always wanted to be a professional race car driver—What happened? B: The closest I’ve come to that is driving a Porsche over 100 mph on the Autobahn. No, my greatest achievement is my family.
首页入门学 习 程序 员 计算机考 研 计算机电子书 下载 硬件知 识 网络知 识 专业课程答案 下载 视频教程下载 第一章 作者：佚名来源：网络 1、有一台计算机，具有IMB 内存，操作系统占用200KB ，每个用户进程各占200KB 。如果用户进程等待I/O 的时间为80 % ，若增加1MB 内存，则CPU 的利用率提高多少？ 答：设每个进程等待I/O 的百分比为P ，则n 个进程同时等待刀O 的概率是Pn ，当n 个进程同时等待I/O 期间CPU 是空闲的，故CPU 的利用率为1-Pn。由题意可知，除去操作系统，内存还能容纳4 个用户进程，由于每个用户进程等待I/O的时间为80 % , 故： CPU利用率＝l-（80%)4 = 0.59 若再增加1MB 内存，系统中可同时运行9 个用户进程，此时：cPu 利用率＝l-（1-80%)9 = 0.87 故增加IMB 内存使CPU 的利用率提高了47 % : 87 ％/59 ％=147 % 147 ％-100 % = 47 % 2 一个计算机系统，有一台输入机和一台打印机，现有两道程序投入运行，且程序A 先开始做，程序B 后开始运行。程序A 的运行轨迹为：计算50ms 、打印100ms 、再计算50ms 、打印100ms ，结束。程序B 的运行轨迹为：计算50ms 、输入80ms 、再计算100ms ，结束。试说明（1 ）两道程序运行时，CPU有无空闲等待？若有，在哪段时间内等待？为什么会等待？( 2 ）程序A 、B 有无等待CPU 的情况？若有，指出发生等待的时刻。 答：画出两道程序并发执行图如下： （1）两道程序运行期间，CPU存在空闲等待，时间为100 至150ms 之间（见图
Unit 8 P40—WU 1.get off 2.blocks 3.get on 4.go down 5.take 6.get 7.catch 8.corner P41—FL 1.Tivoli Gardens 2.Harrods 3.Red Square 4.Singapore Zoo 5.Sydney Opera House 6.Imperial Palace P41—SL 1. I’m looking for… 2.Do you know where…? 3.Do you know where…? 4.Can you tell me how to find…? 5.We’re trying to find… 6.Do you know where…? P41—TL 1.Just walk down the street;You can’t miss it 2.on the other side of town;but I’m not sure 3.It’s easy;Over there 4.very far from here;take a taxi 5.You can’t see it from here 6.get to the station P42—PREPARE communicate,money,inexpensive,scared,way P42—GTMI 4,2,8,5,9,10,1,6,3,7 Unit 9P44—WU 2.responsibility 3.leadership 4.great salary 5.long hours 6.teamwork 7.danger 8.no comment P45—FL 1.accessories shop 2.fast food restaurant 3.insurance company 4.hotel P45—SL 1.She could practice foreign languages. 2.He learned to use a cash register. 3.He learned to work on computers. 4.She could ski a lot. Unit 10 P48—WU 1.L 2.J 3.A 4.F 5.I 6.H 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.E 11.G 12.K P49—FL 1.Mexio 2.Arizona 3.China 4.China P49—SL 1.It means “miracle”.It protects her. 2.It is Navajo.It reminds him of a place. 3.They are porcelain.They’re from the Ming dynasty. 4.It means “harmony”.It represents his daughter. P50—PREPARE Livestrong:knowledge is power,attitude is everything,help people with cancer ONE:global unity,fight to end poverty,one person=one vote Personal commitment:color of purpose,practice=commitment,commit to your goals P50—GTMI Yellow:Livestrong,help people with cancer,Lance Armstrong White:ONE,end poverty and injustice,Bono Red:Personal commitment,to help accomplish goals,Kathleen Hall Review Unit 2P52—PART 1 1.weigh,rather 2.talk about 3.e-mail address 4.nephew 5.adopted 6.sister,brother-in-law 7.grandparents 8.around the coner 9.go down,on your right 10.Turn right,two blocks 11.great salary 12.responsibility 13.teamwork 14.necklace 15.special meaning P53~54—PART 2 1.a 2.c 3.a 4.b 5.b 6.c 7.c 8.b 9.a 10.b P55—PART 3 1.That’s kind of private. 2.I don’t really give out my phone number. 3.I’d rather not talk about that. 4.I like to keep that to myself. 5.That’s a strange question. 6.Are you two related? 7.How are you related to Tom? 8.I look like my father. 9.I take after my mother.What about you? 10.We get
新发展大学英语学习指南 Unit 1 Reading comprehension 1.The reason why the son was not happy is thatD__ A.He didn’t feel good because of the cold air in the room where the birthday party was held. B.He could not eat ice-cream at the birthday party. C.He was not allowed to eat the birthday cake. D.His mother did not agree to buy him some ice-cream. 2.Sometimes when the author is with one of her children without doing anything, she feels A__ A.Happy B.Relaxed C.Empty D.Nervous 3.The author writes about her childhood story in order to tell the readers_A_ A.What happiness really means B.Her parents’ intentions in buying her the piano C.Her thankfulness for what her parents did for her at that time. D.Her great regret for giving up learning to play the piano 4.Another possible title for this passage is _B_ A.Happiness is having a peaceful mind. B.Happiness is a matter of feeling C.Happiness is being together with the people you love D.Happiness is being useful to others UNIT 2 5.The word burden in the article means all of the following except_B_ A.Ashes B.Heating system C.Negative feeling D.The painful past 6.According to the author, what prevented Jean from attending her grandmother’s birthday celebration was _C_ A.Her former husband B.Her children’s perception of the relationship with their parents C.Her false pride D.Her children’ behavior after the divorce 7.The 104-year-old woman wanted to convert her heating system to gas because_D__ A.Gas is cheaper and safer than coal B.She had to carry the coal home by herself C.Coal causes pollution D.She had to lug 拉the ashes out of the basement 8.Which of the following is true of John? (C) A.He was the author’s patient
第4章存储管理 “练习与思考”解答 1．基本概念和术语 逻辑地址、物理地址、逻辑地址空间、内存空间、重定位、静态重定位、动态重定位、碎片、碎片紧缩、虚拟存储器、快表、页面抖动 用户程序经编译之后的每个目标模块都以0为基地址顺序编址，这种地址称为相对地址或逻辑地址。 内存中各物理存储单元的地址是从统一的基地址开始顺序编址的，这种地址称为绝对地址或物理地址。 由程序中逻辑地址组成的地址范围叫做逻辑地址空间，或简称为地址空间。 由内存中一系列存储单元所限定的地址范围称作内存空间，也称物理空间或绝对空间。 程序和数据装入内存时，需对目标程序中的地址进行修改。这种把逻辑地址转变为内存物理地址的过程称作重定位。 静态重定位是在目标程序装入内存时，由装入程序对目标程序中的指令和数据的地址进行修改，即把程序的逻辑地址都改成实际的内存地址。 动态重定位是在程序执行期间，每次访问内存之前进行重定位。这种变换是靠硬件地址转换机构实现的。 内存中这种容量太小、无法被利用的小分区称作“碎片”或“零头”。 为解决碎片问题，移动某些已分配区的内容，使所有进程的分区紧挨在一起，而把空闲区留在另一端。这种技术称为紧缩（或叫拼凑）。 虚拟存储器是用户能作为可编址内存对待的虚拟存储空间，它使用户逻辑存储器与物理存储器分离，是操作系统给用户提供的一个比真实内存空间大得多的地址空间。 为了解决在内存中放置页表带来存取速度下降的矛盾，可以使用专用的、高速小容量的联想存储器，也称作快表。 若采用的置换算法不合适，可能出现这样的现象：刚被换出的页，很快又被访问，为把它调入而换出另一页，之后又访问刚被换出的页，……如此频繁地更换页面，以致系统的大部分时间花费在页面的调度和传输上。此时，系统好像很忙，但实际效率却很低。这种现象称为“抖动”。 2．基本原理和技术 （1）存储器一般分为哪些层次？各有何特性？ 存储器一般分为寄存器、高速缓存、内存、磁盘和磁带。 CPU内部寄存器，其速度与CPU一样快，但它的成本高，容量小。 高速缓存（Cache），它们大多由硬件控制。Cache的速度很快，它们放在CPU内部或非常靠近CPU的地方。但Cache的成本很高，容量较小。 内存（或称主存），它是存储器系统的主力，也称作RAM（随机存取存储器）。CPU可以直接存取内存及寄存器和Cache中的信息。然而，内存中存放的信息是易变的，当机器电源被关闭后，内存中的信息就全部丢失了。 磁盘（即硬盘），称作辅助存储器（简称辅存或外存），它是对内存的扩展，但是CPU不能直接存取磁盘上的数据。磁盘上可以永久保留数据，而且容量特别大。磁盘上数据的存取速度低于内存存取速度。 磁带保存的数据更持久，容量更大，但它的存取速度很慢，而且不适宜进行随机存取。所以，磁带设备一般不能用做辅存。它的主要用途是作为文件系统的后备，存放不常用的信息或用做系统间传送信息的介质。 （2）装入程序的功能是什么？常用的装入方式有哪几种？ 装入程序的功能是根据内存的使用情况和分配策略，将装入模块放入分配到的内存区中。 程序装入内存的方式有三种，分别是绝对装入方式、可重定位装入方式和动态运行时装入方式。
Unit1 1）等我们终于找到8号房间的时候，妈妈已经涨红了脸，累得上气不接下气。我打开门锁，我们都走了进去。 2）她给我留下了深刻的印象，我觉得自己太无知了，甚至不配跟她呼吸同样的空气。 3）我不知道为什么我非得了解文学。可是招生办公室的那位女士说，虽然我读过陀思妥耶夫斯基和梅尔维尔的小说，虽然一个没上过高中的人能读这些书的确令人敬佩，但这门课是必修课。 4）我乐得飘飘然了，第一件事就是去买所需要的课本，然后用纽约大学紫白相间的护封把它们套起来，这样地铁里的乘客就会向我投来艳羡的目光了。 5）接着，教授告诉我们，观念并不是从天而降的现成品。从长远来看，清教徒是宗教改革运动的产物，他们继承了宗教改革运动的世界观，并且他们对孩子的态度也由此体现了宗教改革运动的思想。 1. Their introduction of Amateur Dramatics impressed Sophie so much that she signed up for it. 2.Online education provides those who work full time with opportunities to receive further education in their spare time. 3. When he first arrived at university, he was not sure whether he was supposed to scribble down every word out of the professor’s mouth. 4. No one detects his despair well hidden behind his smile. 5. Some students are easy about talking with strangers, while some others find it hard to do so. Unit 2 1. 外面，天空灰蒙蒙的，海面上刮来一阵强风。天气看起来和我的心情一样阴郁。 2.“好啦，别抱怨了，就给我尝一只牡蛎，然后你就可以吃些好吃的、顺口的东西，比如对 虾加黄油面包。”他提议说。吃了这么长时间的饭，他的话中第一次有了妥协的 意思。 3. 但是，虽然清晰地感觉到了他的妥协，——只有一个十岁的男孩才有这样的感觉，我仍然明白这妥协包含着吃掉那只牡蛎，那只放在我父亲盘子边上的牡蛎。 4.（添加了可可油后）巧克力凝固成易折断的条块，入口即化。 5. 但是，是什么原因使得巧克力出奇的畅销？有是什么原因导致了巧克力的上瘾特性，使 无数人承认自己是巧克力迷呢？ 1. They don’t serve chips/French fries here. If you want them, you have to go to a KFC or McDonalds. 2. He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer, but instead he crushed it. 3. When the gold was heated and melted, they poured it into a mould to form a gold bar. 4. He admitted to breaking the window of the classroom.
“大学英语应用类课程”学习指南 “英语高级口语”课程学习指南 “写作与翻译”课程学习指南 “中国地方文化英语导读”课程学习指南 “影视英语”课程学习指南 “跨文化交际”课程学习指 “英语高级口语”课程学习指南 教育部《大学英语课程教学要求》明确指出“大学英语的教学目标是培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力，使他们今后工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流，同时增强其自主能力，提高综合文化素养，以适应社会发展和国际交流的需要”。 “英语高级口语”旨在更科学、更有效地提高大学生英语口语交际能力。该课程的教学目标、教学内容、教学方式、教材建设、教学评估等已经历多方面跟踪性、实证性的教学改革。依据国内外前沿的外语教学理念，该课程教学研究小组先后主持完成了多个与英语口语教学相关的教育部、江苏省教育厅、苏州市科研课题，其中包括英语口语话语分析、全球化与区域经济发展对英语口语交际能力的需求、口语输入与输出方式对口语准确度、流利度、复杂度的影响、口语教学法对学生创新性思维的影响、计算机及网络技术在口语教学和评估方面的应用研究等。该课程贯彻“教师为主导、学生为主体、师生互动”的教学理念，建立集课堂——课外、校内——校外、面授——自主、传统——现代于一体的多维、立体教学模式，课堂/校内学习以获得和发展知识和能力为主。 1、“英语高级口语”课程配套教材的使用 该课程主要使用《英语口语交际》教材，以“提高学生英语口语交际能力”为宗旨，学习指南如下： （1）学生可以利用富有现代性和趣味性的话题激发口语交际兴趣并锻炼创新性思维；
（2）学生可以利用听力练习、视频导入和配对练习等多模态手段加强口语输入对口语输出的示范、促进作用，以调动学习积极性； （3）学生可以利用Topical Words and Structures等与主题相关的词汇和结构练习, 同时利用对话输入、例句输入和口语交际技巧传授等模拟训练，提高口语交际的语言准确度； （4）该教材的Speaking Tasks是口语任务，充分融合了如任务型教学法、合作型学习法等多种外语教学方法的优势，学生可以通过小组讨论、个人演讲、看图说话、模拟访谈和课堂辩论等多种互动性很强的口语交际活动有效锻炼参与真实交际的能力； （5）该教材的Further Practice Exercises是拓展练习，强调了口语交际能力发展与听、读等其他技能的关联性，学生可以利用课外阅读、名言警句、小幽默和著名演讲等内容，增强英语语感、享受英语学习过程。 （6）该教材在最后部分还提供了当前国内外权威的口语考试评估标准，其中包括托福、雅思、大学英语四、六级口试等口语考试评分标准，旨在为准备参加各类口语考试的学生们提供一定的启示。 2、课程的多模态资源支撑 师生共享局域网：苏大英语在线：http://210.29.168.137/sudaceo提供正规、可靠、实用的教学资源，如课程所需的音频、视频、课件等多媒体资源，为学生自主、创新学习知识、应用知识、培养能力、提高文化素养等提供了平台。同时，网站有大量展示学生的原创资源。此外，课程还提供个性化师生交流平台与工具：QQ邮箱：绿叶englishspeakinght@https://www.doczj.com/doc/af4324151.html,；快乐英语学习网站http://210.29.168.137/joyenglish/；空中英语角--QQ英语交流群143136962；Moodle课程平台: http://210.29.168.142，等等，为课堂教学的延伸和第二课堂学习提供了便捷式途径。 “写作与翻译”课程学习指南 “写作与翻译”是国家精品课程“大学英语应用类课程”的核心课程。中国大学生在英语写作过程中普遍会借助于翻译来表达自己的情感和思想，可以说，母语思维参与了外语写作的全过程。鉴于此，经过多年的探索和教学实践，我们把英语写作和翻译置于同一教学层面，通过英汉互译的不断实践，使学生能更好地了解中英文在思维习惯、文化包含、谴词造句、段落发展和篇章结构之间存在的差异，从而获得更大的写作空间，更好地结合英文写作的常规练习，走出中文思维，边写边译，边译边写的藩篱，在翻译中体验思想的火花，语言的精彩，结构的整饬和文章各自的独到，最终写出或译出符合各自语言特点的作品，真正服
Unit One Lifestyles Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions 1.Listed in the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) furnish 2) resolve 3) maintaining 4) discarded 5) sanction 6) raise 7) strip 8) bare 9) bargain 10) simplified 11) trade 12) downsize 13) numerous 14) fraction 15) plain 16) tackle 17) rolling 2.Listed in the boxes below are some expressions that you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with each of them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) keeps track of 2) It turned out that 3) strip down to 4) take an interest in 5) in return 6) is all of a piece 7) write out 8) eat out 9) look back 10) cut out ▆ Increasing Your Word Power
第一章绪论 1．什么是操作系统的基本功能? 答：操作系统的职能是管理和控制汁算机系统中的所有硬、软件资源，合理地组织计算 机工作流程，并为用户提供一个良好的工作环境和友好的接口。操作系统的基本功能包括： 处理机管理、存储管理、设备管理、信息管理(文件系统管理)和用户接口等。 2．什么是批处理、分时和实时系统?各有什么特征? 答：批处理系统(batchprocessingsystem)：操作员把用户提交的作业分类，把一批作业编成一个作业执行序列，由专门编制的监督程序(monitor)自动依次处理。其主要特征是：用户脱机使用计算机、成批处理、多道程序运行。 分时系统(timesharingoperationsystem)：把处理机的运行时间分成很短的时间片，按时间片轮转的方式，把处理机分配给各进程使用。其主要特征是：交互性、多用户同时性、独立性。 实时系统(realtimesystem)：在被控对象允许时间范围内作出响应。其主要特征是：对实时信息分析处理速度要比进入系统快、要求安全可靠、资源利用率低。 3．多道程序(multiprogramming)和多重处理(multiprocessing)有何区别? 答；多道程序(multiprogramming)是作业之间自动调度执行、共享系统资源，并不是真正地同时执行多个作业；而多重处理(multiprocessing)系统配置多个CPU，能真正同时执行多道程序。要有效使用多重处理，必须采用多道程序设计技术，而多道程序设计原则上不一定要求多重处理系统的支持。 4．讨论操作系统可以从哪些角度出发，如何把它们统一起来? 答：讨论操作系统可以从以下角度出发： (1)操作系统是计算机资源的管理者； (2)操作系统为用户提供使用计算机的界面； (3)用进程管理观点研究操作系统，即围绕进程运行过程来讨论操作系统。
《大学英语2》学习指导 Unit 1 Nature 本单元重点： Some knowledge of pollution ●Important words and expressions: Words：essential, substance, well-being, reaction, derive, consequence, convert, exposure, phenomenon, release Phrases: supply with, as well as, refer to…a s, derive from, suffer from, due to, convert to, play a role in, in addition, a quantity of ●Some sentence patterns: 1. Air supplies us with oxygen which … 2. Human activities can release substances into the air, some of which… 3. These can take part in further chemical reactions once… 4. Pollution also needs to be considered… 5. Only through the efforts of scientists, business leaders… 本单元难点： ●Some expressions: 1.辨析offer, provide, give 2.辨析percent, percentage 3.辨析fog, mist, smog https://www.doczj.com/doc/af4324151.html,ages of “once” https://www.doczj.com/doc/af4324151.html,ages of “consider” ●Some sentence patterns: 1.Another type of pollution is the release of harmful gases, such as… 2.It is caused by chemical reactions between… 3.In addition, it is possible to prevent many types of air pollution that… 一、学习目的和教学要求： 学习目的：了解有关污染的知识，自然与社会，环境与发展的关系，掌握相关词汇，学会分析文中较复杂的句式，掌握名词性从句的用法。 学习要求： 你应该能够 1．了解空气污染的类型、来源，以及为了避免污染可以采取的相关措施；
《操作系统教程》习题答案
习题1 1．单项选择题 （1）大中小型计算机是以为中心的计算机系统。 A、CPU B、存储器 C、系统总线 D、通道 （2）以下关于操作系统的说法正确的是。 A、批处理系统是实现人机交互的系统 B、批处理系统具有批处理功能，但不具有交互能力 C、分时系统是实现自动控制，无须人为干预的系统 D、分时系统即具有分时交互能力，又具有批处理能力 （3）操作系统的职能是管理软硬件资源、合理地组织计算机工作流程和。 A、为用户提供良好的工作环境和接口 B、对用户的命令作出快速响应 C、作为服务机构向其它站点提供优质服务 D、防止有人以非法手段进入系统 （4）设计实时操作系统时，首先应考虑系统的。 A、可靠性和灵活性 B、实时性和可靠性 C、优良性和分配性 D、灵活性和分配性 （5）多道程序设计是指。 A、在分布式系统中同一时刻运行多个程序 B、在一台处理器上并行运行多个程序 C、在实时系统中并发运行多个程序 D、在一台处理器上并发运行多个程序 （6）以下关于并发性和并行性的说法正确的是。 A、并发性是指两个及多个事件在同一时刻发生 B、并发性是指两个及多个事件在同一时间间隔内发生 C、并行性是指两个及多个事件在同一时间间隔内发生 D、并发性是指进程，并行性是指程序 （1）B （2）B （3）A （4）B （5）D （6）B 2．填空题 （1）微机是以总线为纽带构成的计算机系统。 （2）在批处理兼分时系统中，往往把由分时系统控制的作业称为前台作业，把由批处理系统控制的作业称为后台作业。 （3）在分时系统中，若时间片长度一定，则用户数越多，系统响应时间越慢。 （4）分布式操作系统能使系统中若干台计算机协同完成一个共同的任务，分解问题成为子计算并使之在系统中各台计算机上并行执行，以充分利用各计算机的优势。 （5）用户通过网络操作系统可以网络通信、资源共享，从而大大扩展了计算机的应用范围。 3．简答题 （1）什么是操作系统？现代操作系统的基本特征是什么？并发性 （2）什么是批处理系统，衡量批处理系统好坏的主要指标是什么？及时性 （3）试述分时系统的原理及其特性。时间片原则交互性同时性独立性及时性
英语自主学习习题及答案视听说2 --Unit 5 Part 1 Short dialogs and multiple choice questions. 1. C A. She is all for it. B. She is completely against it. C. She is willing to accept a dog, but on certain conditions. D. She needs only a dog that can do a lot of hard work. 2. B A. The man is in favor of it while the woman is against it. B. The woman is in favor of it while the man is against it. C. Both the man and woman are in favor of it. D. Both the man and woman are against it. 3. B A. The man and woman know there is a law against keeping exotic birds. B. The man and woman are against keeping exotic birds. C. The man thinks we had better treat an exotic bird as a toy. D. The woman thinks intelligent birds have more health problems. 4. D A. The woman likes ants while the man is horrified by their eating dead insects.
《大学英语教学指南》 1 前言 为了全面贯彻党的教育方针，进一步深化大学英语教学改革，提高教学质量，根据《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》和教育部《关于全面提高高等教育质量的若干意见》等文件的精神，在总结大学英语课程建设和教学改革经验的基础上，特制订本指南。 本指南提出对大学英语教学的指导性意见，是新时期普通高等学校制订大学英语教学大纲，进行大学英语课程建设，开展大学英语课程评价的依据。 当今世界，经济全球化和科技进步将不同国家与地区的人们紧密联系在一起。英语作为全球目前使用最广泛的语言，是国际交往和科技、文化交流的重要工具。通过学习和使用英语，可以直接了解国外前沿的科技进展、管理经验和思想理念，学习和了解世界优秀的文化和文明，同时也有助于增强国家语言实力，有效传播中华文化，促进与各国人民的广泛交往，提升国家软实力。 《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》指出：“提高质量是高等教育发展的核心任务。”提高高等教育教学质量要求我们为高校大学生提供优质外语教育。高校开设大学英语课程，一方面是满足国家战略需求，为国家改革开放和经济社会发展服务，另一方面，是满足学生专业学习、国际交流、继续深造、工作就业等方面的需要。大学英语课程对大学生的未来发展具有现实意义和长远影响，学习英语有助于学生树立世界眼光，培养国际意识，提高人文素养，同时为知识创新、潜能发挥和全面发展提供一个基本工具，为迎应全球化时代的挑战和机遇做好准备。 2 课程定位与性质 2.1 课程定位 大学外语教育是我国高等教育的重要组成部分，对于促进大学生知识、能力和综合素质的协调发展具有重要意义。大学英语作为大学外语教育的最主要内容，是大多数非英语专业学生在本科教育阶段必修的公共基础课程，在人才培养方面具有不可替代的重要作用。 大学英语课程应根据本科专业类教学质量国家标准，参照本指南进行合理定
第一章： 一、3、10、15、23、27、35 3.什么是操作系统？操作系统在计算机系统中的主要作用是什么？ 操作系统是管理系统资源、控制程序执行、改善人机界面、提供各种服务,并合理组织计算机工作流程和为用户有效地使用计算机提供良好运行环境的一种系统软件. 主要作用 (1)服务用户—操作系统作为用户接口和公共服务程序 (2)进程交互—操作系统作为进程执行的控制者和协调者 (3)系统实现—操作系统作为扩展机或虚拟机 (4)资源管理—操作系统作为资源的管理者和控制者 10.试述系统调用与函数（过程）调用之间的区别。 （1）调用形式和实现方式不同； （2）被调用的代码位置不同； （3）提供方式不同 15.什么是多道程序设计？多道程序设计有什么特点？ 多道程序设计是指允许多个作业（程序）同时进入计算机系统内存并执行交替计算的方法。从宏观上看是并行的，从微观上看是串行的。 （1）可以提高CPU、内存和设备的利用率； （2）可以提高系统的吞吐率，使单位时间内完成的作业数目增加； （3）可以充分发挥系统的并行性，使设备和设备之间，设备和CPU之间均可并行工作。 23.现代操作系统具有哪些基本功能？请简单叙述之。 （1）处理器管理； （2）存储管理； （3）设备管理； （4）文件管理； （5）联网与通信管理。 27.什么是操作系统的内核？ 内核是一组程序模块，作为可信软件来提供支持进程并发执行的基本功能和基本操作，通常驻留在内核空间，运行于内核态，具有直接访问计算机系统硬件设备和所有内存空间的权限，是仅有的能够执行特权指令的程序。 35.简述操作系统资源管理的资源复用技术。
系统中相应地有多个进程竞争使用资源，由于计算机系统的物理资源是宝贵和稀有的，操作系统让众多进程共享物理资源，这种共享称为资源复用。 （1）时分复用共享资源从时间上分割成更小的单位供进程使用； （2）空分复用共享资源从空间上分割成更小的单位供进程使用。 . 二、2、5 2、答：画出两道程序并发执行图如下： (1) (见图中有色部分)。 (2)程序A无等待现象，但程序B有等待。程序B有等待时间段为180ms至200ms间(见 图中有色部分)。 5、答：画出三个作业并行工作图如下(图中着色部分为作业等待时间)：
《全新版大学英语阅读教程》（通用本）1册课后练习答案 UNIT ONE 1.Goodbye school Key to the Exercises I 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.A II 1.fling 2.supercilious 3.zoom 4.trudge 5.hoist Key to the Reading-skill Exercises Paragraph 1: 1.B 2.D Paragraph 2 1.D 2.A 2.The Saturday Evening Post Key to the Exercises I. 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C II. 1. She wants him to make something of himself and have an early start to his career. 2. He was afraid of the dogs that snarled behind the doors of potential buyers. He was timid about ringing the doorbells of strangers, relieved when no one came to the door, and scared when someone did, and could not deliver an engaging sales pitch. 3. The battle to make him different from his father. 4. The well-written composition he wrote about his summer vacation. 5. Writers didn’t h ave to have any gumption at all. 3. Love Thy Neighbor Key to the Exercises I. 1. T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.T 6.F II. 1.在我看来，美国的邻里关系正在变得不再融洽。 2．《圣经》里的戒律“热爱你的邻居”大概是一句拙劣的译文，它的本义必定是“尊敬你的邻居。” 3．邻居开始共同做的唯一的一件事是相互接近，只有进一步发展关系，才有足够的理由成为最好的朋友。 4．横跨在你们之间的车道，篱笆或栅栏并不真地就是一道冷漠的屏障，它们只不过是一条清晰的分界线。 5．邻里较之社区更容易使人产生怀旧情绪，但社区也许是一个更好的构成单位。