2012年专升本英语复习资料

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2012年普通高等学校选拔优秀专科生进入本科阶段学习考试试题Part I Vocabulary and Stucture (40分，每题1分)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B， C and D。

Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence，and then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。

1。

The police are __________ for the thief in the region now.A. running B。

reaching C。

searching D。

charging2。

What is the reason for on time？A. not your comingB. you not comeC。

your not coming D. you not to come5. He had never given a speech to so many people， so he felt 。

2012年专升本英语复习资料语法测试1. When autumn comes，the ______ of trees begin to fall。

A. leafsB. leafesC. leavesD. leafleaf 的复数形式leaves答案C2. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man。

A. hasB. haveC. willD. wouldnever before开头，句子倒装。

主语so many people为复数。

engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。

答案 B3. Mr. Brown，and not I ，________ chosen to be the representative of the class。

A. isB. amC. areD. have been主语Mr.Brown答案A4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train。

A. wasB. wereC. would beD. have beenneither……nor谓语动词跟相邻的主语一致。

答案A5. The room is eight _______ long。

A. footB. footsC. feetD. feetsfoot 英尺，复数形式feet答案C6. Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesnt need any more。

A. isB. has beenC. wasD. had beenten days 作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式。

（完整word版）2012年江西省专升本统一考试统考英语试题及答案解析,推荐文档2012年江西省专升本统一考试统考英语试题及答案解析试卷类型:ACOLLEGE ENGLISH TEST试卷(120分钟)注意事项一、将自己的学校、姓名、准考证号写在答题纸上，将准考证号、姓名、试卷类型（A或B）写在作文纸上，考试结束后把答题纸和作文纸放在桌上。

教师收卷后才可离开考场。

二、用HB铅笔在答题纸上划上试卷类型（A或B）、准考证号。

正确划法见说明六。

不划或错划，成绩按零分处理。

三、仔细阅读题目的说明。

四、在120分钟内答完全部试题，不得拖延时间。

五、多项选择题的答案一定要划在答题纸上；作文写在作文氏上，写在试题册上无效。

六、多项选择题只能选一个答案，多选作废。

选定答案后。

用HB 珊铜笔在相应的字母部划一条横线。

正确划法是：[A] [B] [C] [D]使用其他符号者不给分，划线要有一定浓度，浓度要盖过字母底色。

七、如果要改动答案。

必须选用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后再按上面的规定重新答题。

江西省高校考试办公室Part I Listening Comprehension (20 points)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questionwill be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) The coach will not arrive today.B) The coach was in a terrible accident.C) The coach will probably arrive at 9:15.D) The coach may arrive today, but the woman is not sure.From the dialogue we know that the coach is delayed two hours after 7:15. The best answer, then, is C), “The coach will probably arrive at 9:15.” Therefore you should choose answer C) on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Get some change from Jane. C) Use the woman’s phone.B) Go and look for a pay phone D) Pay for the phone call.2. A) At an art gallery. B) In a department storeC) At a bookstore. D) In a workshop.3. A) She will help the man to catch up.B) She is worried about the man’s health.C) She has bought the man an up-to-date map.D) She’s bought the man a pair of glasses today.4. A) He is going to give a talk on fishing.B) He is eager to meet Susan’s parents.C) He has the same hobby as Susan’s father.D) He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time.5. A) He finds the presentation hard to follow.B) He speaks highly of the presentation.C) He considers the presentation very dull.D) He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic.6. A) A bookshelf. B) A typewriter.C) Some stocks. D) High quality paper.7. A) They set off early. B) They wait for a fine day.C) They go sightseeing. D) They go to the seaside.8. A) He liked to show off in class. B) He was the first person she met at school.C) He had a funny face. D) He was late for school on the first day.9. A) Her car can stand any crash B) Her car is kept in good condition.C) Her car in not as good as his. D) Her car is maintained as well as his.10. A) She is too busy to go. B) She’s willing to go swimmingC) She doesn’t want to wait long. D) She enjoys the wonderful weather.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) He was a tax collector. C) He was once a friend of the ruler.B) He was a government official. D) He was once a school teacher in India.12. A) To reward outstanding tax collectors.B) To declare new ways of collecting tax.C) To collect money from the persons invited.D) To entertain those who had made great contributions to the government.13. A) They were excused from paying income tax.B) They were given some silver and gold coins by the ruler.C) They tried to collect more money than the ruler asked for.D) They enjoyed being invited to dinner at the ruler’s palace.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They liked traveling.B) The reasons are unknown.C) They were driven out of their homes.D) They wanted to find a better place to live in.15. A) They are unfriendly to Gypsies. C) They are envious of Gypsies.B) They admire the musical talent of the Gypsies. D) They try to put up with Gypsies.16. A) They are now taught in their own language.B) They are now allowed to attend local schools.C) Special schools have been set up for them.D) Permanent homes have been built for them.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) The causes are familiar. B) The causes are not well understood.C) The causes are obvious. D) The causes are very complicated.18. A) Improved highway design. C) Regular driver training.B) Better public transportation D) Stricter traffic regulations.19.A) Highway crime.C) Poor traffic control.B) D rivers’ errors. D) Confusing road signs.20. A) Increasing people’s awareness of traffic problems.B) Enhancing drivers’ sense of responsibi lity.C) Building more highways.D) Designing better cars.Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: In this section there are some passages. Each of them is followed by some questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.By far the most common snake in Britain is the adder (奎蛇). In Scotland, in fact, there are no other snakes at all. The adder is also the only British snake with a poisonous bite. It can be found almost anywhere, but prefers sunny hillsides and rough open country, including high ground. In Ireland there are no snakes at all.Most people regard snake bites as a fatal (致命的) misfortune, but not all bites are serious, and very few are fatal. Sometimes attempts at emergency treatment turn out to be more dangerous than the bite itself, with amateurs(外行人) heroically, but mistakenly, trying do it –yourself surgery(手术) and other unnecessary measures.All snakes have small teeth, so that all snakes can bite, but only the bite of the adder presents any danger. British snakes are shy animals and far more frightened of you than you could possibly be of them. The adder will attack only if it feelsthreatened, as can happen if you take it by surprise and step on it accidentally, or if you try to catch it or pick it up, which it dislikes intensely. If it hears you coming, it will normally get out of the way as quickly as it can, but adders cannot move very rapidly and may attack before moving if you are very close.The effect of a bite varies considerably. It depends upon several things, one of which is the body-weight of the person bitten. The bigger the person, the less harmful the bite is likely to be, which is why children suffer far more seriously from snake bites that adults. A healthy person will also have better resistance against the poison.Very few people actually die from snake bites in Britain, and though these bites can make some people very ill, there are probably just as many cases of bites having little or no effect, as there are of serious illness.21. Adders are most likely to be found ________.A) in wider parts of Britain and IrelandB) in Scotland but nowhere elseC) on wild land throughout BritainD) in the countryside in England22. If you are with someone who is bitten by an adder, you should ________.A) try to catch the snakeB) not treat the bite yourselfC) not worry too much about the victimD) operate him as soon as possible23. We are told that adders are ________.A) normally friendly towards peopleB) unlikely to bite except in self-defenseC) likely to attack people whenever they see themD) not afraid of human beings24. If an adder hears you approaching, it will usually _______.A) move out of your pathB) take no notice of you at allC) disappear very quicklyD) wait until you are close and then attack25. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A) Adders are more likely to attack children than adults.B) The adder prefers to bite a person with a heavy body.C) The danger of adder bites is different from person to person.D) In most cases adder bites are more serious than other illnesses.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Only the government can ensure that the American people have clean air and pure water. Congress must pass laws to stop manufacturers from polluting the air and water with the waste from their factories.Unless anti-pollution standards are enforced for all, companies that care about a clean environment will go out of business. For example, if Automobile Company X spends money to put an air-pollution control device on their automobiles, their cars will be more expensive than the cars produced by another company. People who don’t have the extra money or who don’t care about pollution will not buy the more expensive cars. Automobile Company X will go bankrupt (破产); that is , it won’t make enough money to pay its workers and to buy materials. It will then go out of business. Of course, no automobile company will make itself go bankrupt on purpose, and the pollution of the land and air and water will go on.But if the government says that all automobile manufacturers must make cars with air-pollution control devices, the cost of all manufacturers will be equal. So the government cannot let companies decide whether or not they want to stop pollution. The government must force manufacturers to help clean up the environment by setting anti-pollution standards for everyone.26. If a company cares about a clean environment while others don’t, it will have to _______.A) change the anti-pollution standards for its productsB) sell its products at a more expensive priceC) buy materials at a higher priceD) pay more money to its workers27. The writer gives the example of Automobile Company X to show that ________.A) manufacturers will not take care of pollution control on their own willB) few manufacturers are aware of the importance of air-pollution controlC) air-pollution control devices are more expensive than other devicesD) people like to buy cars that are equipped with pollution control devices28. According to the writer, anti-pollution standards ensure that ______.A) no manufacturer will go bankrupt for spending money on pollution controlB) less money will be spent in buying pollution control devicesC) manufacturers know how to control pollution moreeffectivelyD) all manufacturers have to take measures to control pollution29. The purpose of this passage is ________.A) to describe how a company can go bankruptB) to emphasize the urgent need of cleaning up the environmentC) to stress the importance of the government’s role in preventing pollutionD) to tell how difficult it is to keep the environment free from air-pollution30. What can be inferred from this passage?A) Companies have not been given an equal chance to develop their business.B) A company will go bankrupt if its cars have to be installed with pollution control devices.C) The US government has not set up standards on pollution control for car producers.D) It is necessary to persuade producers to take effective pollution control measure. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Large- scale production in a large market brings certain advantages: mass production helps to reduce the manufacturing costs of consumer goods and the single market also makes in easier to specialize. Together, these two considerations improve businesses’ chance of making profit. Within the single market, the Community（欧共体）is making clearly strict European in doctrinal standards which help European industry compete with imported products and conquer new markets, as well as making high-quality products available to the consumer.The European commission’s competition poli cy serves to ensure that the common interest prevails over individual business interests. At the same time, it is flexible enough to allow co-operation between small firms.Businesses are being encouraged to operate outside the country in which they are based by measures designed to ensure that they are no longer taxed twice for doing so. The days when taxes are an obstacle to Europe-wide business operations will soon be gone.In addition to creating to creating a favourable business environment, the commun ity’s industrial policy is also concerned with developing specific strategies. The objective is to carry out long-tern plans to develop industries such as the electronics industry, information technology, biotechnology （生物技术）and textiles. These measures, at national and community level, will influence the quality of products, the technology used to manufacture them, the training the workforce receives, and the development of now outlets. In short, a whole range of instruments will be created toprotect the future of European technology.These projects will require extra funding at Community level for training, research and development and communications networks. The extra Community funding will be used as rationally as possible in a way which maximizes the benefit to European industry.31. The European Community has formed _______.A) a single market to carry out mass productionB) the Community market to produce high quality goodsC) a large market to increase business with other countriesD) a new market to make it easier to get profits32. We can infer from the passage that the Community’s general policy _______.A) helps the small firms to do business flexiblyB) encourages big firms to conquer the small onesC) emphasizes the interest of the Community as a wholeD) brings the customer more imported goods33. One of the main changes in the market in Europe is that _______.A) there are more home produced goods than imported goods on the market.B) companies only have to pay one tax when operating in a member countryC) there are no more Europe-wide business operationsD) small companies are allowed to combine into larger ones34. The European Community has adopted some special measures to ______.A) make long-term development of industries possibleB) place some industries before other industriesC) open new markets in other countriesD) enable new technology to be used in manufacturing35. Which of the following I likely to be the title of the passage?A) Advantages of a Single Large-scale MarketB) Development of European IndustriesC) Imports and Exports of European CommunityD) Policies of European CommunityPart III V ocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: In this section there are 40 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Thenmark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.36. He climbed up into the tree and ______ all the fruit within reach.A) picked C) tookB) fetched D) held37. Ask her to come and see me when she ______ her work.A) will finish C) has finishedB) finishes D) had finished38. Owing to the thick fog, Flight 675 had to be _______.A) taken off C) given offB) put off D) set off39. By the time we got home, I ______ all about the man’s rudeness.A) had forgotten C) was forgettingB) forgot D) should have forgotten40. This place, originally a small town, has been ______ a modern capital city.A) transported to C) transmitted fromB) transformed into D)transferred to41. Most people don’t want to get ______ in police investigation.A) put C) fittedB) treated D) involved42. This book will be of great _____ to you in your studies.A) effect C) appreciationB) value D) sincerity43. Talks between the two sides _____ no results and they decided not to continue.A) settled C) protested44. The criminal escaped from prison but was _____ caught again.A) frightfully C) casuallyB) rarely D) subsequently45. His unhappiness is a _____ of his mistaken marriage.A) contrast C) reflectionB) replacement D) detection46. He planned to steal the money but his _____ was soon discovered.A) prospect C) schemeB) suspension D) resource47. When he was ten years old, the Second World War _____.A) broke off C) broke upB) broke out D) broke down48. Ten years ago, he was _____ by a woman, who has always been regarding him as her own son.A) adopted C) adjustedB) adapted D) admitted49. Education, as well as one’s social experience, can _____ changes in one’s belief.A) turn to C) bring overB) bring out D) turn on50. We must take his hard work _______ when discussing his achievements.A) in mind C) for grantedB) into account D) for sure51. The committee ______ a conclusion after four days of heated discussion.A) achieved C) arrived52. Were you _____ in the heavy shower yesterday?A) arrested C) offendedB) spread D) caught53. Barbara ______ in doing it again though she had failed more than a dozen times.A) assisted C) persistedB) consisted D) insisted54. They have developed a technique which is _____ to those used in most factories.A) advanced C) advantageousB) improved D) superior55. On his way home, he was injured in a car ______.A) blow C) shockB) crash D) hit56. For maintenance, please _____ page 17 of the operation manual.A) find out C) point atB) rest on D) refer to57. We arranged to meet at the stat ion but she didn’t ______.A) turn in C) turn overB) turn up D) turn out58. The teacher demanded that her students _____ on time for every class.A) were C) to beB) be D) must be59. _____ you are free tonight, why not drop in and play chess with me?A) For C) SinceB) Unless D) Though60. The roof ______ under the weight of the heavy snow last night.A) settled C) squeezedB) dropped D) collapsed61. One of the techniques in reading a passage is to read it _____ a whole.A) as C) toB) for D) in62. The company would need another ten thousand dollars ______ they could buy some new equipment.A) in which C) by whichB) at which D) with which63. It’s important that he ______ the final examination next week.A) pass C) passesB) would pass D) will pass64. _____ by her child, the mother entered a supermarket to buy some soft drink.A) Having followed C) FollowingB) Having been following D) Followed65. It was not until she came back from Tokyo last night ______ she gave me the telephone call.A) and C) sinceB) when D) that66. I remember ______ the book last month. It was very interesting.A) read C) to readB) reading D) to have read67. _____ I sympathize with you, I am afraid there is little I can do to help you.A) When C) ThoughB) If D) Because68. The reason I plan to go is _____ my wife will be disappointed if I don’t.A) when C) whichB) why D) that69. The Browns are now in Seattle. But we should keep _____ with them.A) touch C) in touchB) at touch D) on touch70. Tokyo has a larger population than _____ in the world.A) any city C) any other cityB) any cities D) all the cities71. If I ______ the answer, I would have let you know about it.A) knew C) would knowB) had known D) would have known72. _____ the interruption, he was able to finish his exercise before the class was over.A) Instead of C) In spite ofB) In case of D) In sight of73. decisions have been made to cut ______ company expenses to a desirable level.A) down C) outB) off D) away74. If we had accepted the plan he proposed, we______ so much difficulty at present.A) would not have had C) could not haveB) could not have had D) would not have75. James Cook, ______, also discovered the Hawaiian Islands.A) exploring the South Sea C) who explored the South SeaB) explored South Sea D) that he explored the South Sea.76. Your information has made the ______ of the problem possible.A) solution C) possessionB) resolution D) instruction77. Her educational ______ contributed greatly to her promotion.A) situation C) backgroundB) environment D) surroundings78. Who else except a millionaire (百万富翁) could ______ to use such an expensive car?A) offer C) provideB) afford D) devote79. I went to the tailor’s to _____ the other day.A) make a suit C) have made a suitB) have a suit be made D) have a suit made80. It is a long time _____ I saw him last.A) that C) sinceB) when D) asPart IV Cloze (20 points)Directions: In this part there is a passage with 20 blanks in it. On the right side of each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You are required to identify the ONE choice that bestfits into the blank. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Swimming has become an important 81. A) Few C) Many sports activity because it is a form of exer- B) None D) Some cise that promotes health. (81) ac- 82. A) that C) sotivities except long distance walking offer B) such D) as(82) a general health to the body. It 83. A) that C) whatis an important competitive sport for B) it D) which(83) people train hard and practise 84. A) until C) as carefully, developing strength and patience B) if D) unlessthey do so . It is 85. A) also C) however(85) an ideal pastime (业余活动). B) yet D) stillGirls and boys enjoy their trips to river or 86. A) traveling C) boating lake; the adult enjoys (86) in the B) sailing D) swimming sea on a holiday; and even the aged and 87. A) cases C) courses weak can swim when other (87) of B) forms D) facilities pastime and exercise are (88) their 88. A) beyond C) against energy. Then too, the (89) swimmer B) without D) past may well be the means of helping to save 89. A) real C) skillful life. In fact, swimming has so many B) pleasant D) careful(90) as an activity that one can 90. A) advantages C) effects(91) it is an ideal sport. B) interests D) functionsA swimmer is not (92) to be a 91. A) prove C) saymember of a team; he does not need ex- B) mean D) tellpensive equipment; and even the weather 92. A) ordered C) expected need (93) affect him. He can swim B) wished D) encouraged(94) for exercise and enjoyment or 93. A) also C) everhe can swim with (95) for social B) not D) either pleasure; and he can swim (96) his 94. A) together C) lonely own speed for his own distance, in what- B) along D) aloneever way (97) him best, from youth 95. A) others C) another until old (98) . Today swimming also B) other D) oneopened the door to other fields of activity, 96. A) in C) forfor many swimmers now (99) their B) at D) toholidays in underwater exploration (探97. A) fixes C) suits险) . They (100) below the surface B) pleases D) helps and thus open up to themselves a whole 98. A) time C) age new world. B) period D) stage99. A) waste C) takeB) engage D) spend100. A) jump C) chargeB) throw D) divePart V Writing (10 points)Directions: You are required to write a letter to invite a friend to celebrate New Year’s Day.The letter should include the following:1. the date to hold the party2. the place3. the length of time for the party to last4. the arrangement of the party5. the other guestsRemember to use the right letter form. And you should write no less than 100 English words in the Composition Sheet.2012年江西省高校“专升本”英语统一考试（试卷解析）Part I Listening Comprehension听力原文Section A1. M: Hi, Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the pay phone.W: Pay phone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are.Q: What would the man most probably do?2. M: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting?W: Sorry, I don’t know for sure. But I guess it’s an early 18th century work. Let me look it up in the catalog.Q: Where does this converation most probably take place?3. M: I’m worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.W: I’ll try to bring you up today on what we have done.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: Hey, Dan, I hear you are meeting Susan’s parents for the first tim e.M: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately her father loves to fish, so we’ll have something to talk about.Q: What can be inferred about Dan?5. W: Professor White’s presentation se emed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake. M: How could you sleep through it? It’s one of the best that I’ve heard on this topic.Q: What does the man think of Professor White’s presentation?6. W: I’m looking for a quality paper to type my es say. I don’t see any on the shelf.M: I saw some in the stock room in the morning. I’ll go and check.Q: What does the woman want to buy?7. M: It seems we’ll have another fine day tomorrow. Let’s go to the seaside.W: OK, but we’ll have to leave very early, or else we’ll get cut in the traffic.Q: What does the woman suggest?8. M: Do you know James? He’s in your class.W: Certainly, in fact he was the first person I got to know in my class. I still remember the look on his face when he showed up late on the first day of school.Q: Why did the woman remember James so well?9. W: The man at the garage thinks that I take good care ofmy car.M: So do I. I don’t see any scratches on the outside and the inside is clean, too.Q: What does the man think of the wo man’s car?10. M: Wonderful day, isn’t it? Want to join me for a swim?W: If you don’t mind waiting while I get prepared.Q: What does the woman mean?Section BPassage OneA friend of mine told me that when he was a young man, he went to work as a teacher in one of the states of India. One day he r eceived an invitation to dinner at the ruler’s palace. Very pleased, he went to tell his colleagues. They laughed and told him the meaning of the invitation. They had all been invited and each person who was invited has to bring with him a certain number of silverand gold coins. The number of coins varied according to the person’s position in the service of the government.My friend’s income was not high, so he did not have much to pay. Each person bound before the ruler, his gold went onto one hip, his silver went onto another hip, and in this way he paid his income tax for the year. This was a simple way of collecting income tax.The tax on property was also collected simply: The ruler gave a man the power to collect a tax from each owner of land or property in a certain area if this man promised to pay the ruler a certain amount of money. Of course the tax collector managed to collect more money than he paid to the ruler. The difference between the sum of money he collected and the sum of money he gave to the ruler was his profit.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. What do we know about the speaker’s friend?12. What was the real purpose of the ruler’s invitation?13. What does the passage say about the tax collectors?Passage TwoAround the year 1000A. D. , some people from Northwest India began to travel westwards. Nobody knows why. After leaving their homes, they did not settle down again but spent their lives moving from one place to another. Their later generations are called the Romany people or Gypsies. There are Gypsies all over the world. And many of them are still traveling with no fixed homes. There are about 8 million of them, including 3 million in Eastern Europe.Gypsies sometimes have a hard time in the countries where they travel, because they are different. People may be afraid of them, look down on them or think that they are criminals. The Nazis treated the Gypsies cruelly, like the Jews. And nobody knows how many of them died in Hitler’s death camps.Gypsies have their own language, Romany. They like music and dancing, and they often work in fairs and traveling shows.Traveling is very important to them and many Gypsies are unhappy if they have to stay in one place. Because of this, it is difficult for Gypsies children to go to school. And Gypsies are often unable to read and write. In some places, the education authorities try to arrange special traveling schools for Gypsy children so that they can get the same education as other children.Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.。

2012专升本英语阅读理解考前复习资料格致-2012专升本英语考前复习资料(阅读理解)There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. There is nothing out of the ordinary in haggling; some shopkeepers expect you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately. We know that the pricesin some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, but we also realize that to keep a store likeRobinson's is by no means cheap. Besides, in such places we shop in air-condition (空调)comfort. For all these, we pay a little extra.It is not always true to say that things in Change Alley cost less.I once bought a Czechoslo-vakian glass butter-dish from Robinson's for a little under two dollars. I then went on to Change Alley and just by chance saw an article of the same shape, design and size, inone of the shops. I then asked about its price, and was surprised when the man demanded more than four dollars for it. "How much can you offer?" he shouted at me. I offered him exactly the same price I paid for the article and his reply was shockingly rude (粗鲁).I opened my bag, showed him my receipt, stared at him and walked out of his shop.A buyer in England expects to find the price of goods clearly shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is. He knows this is the lowest price that will be accepted. If he thinks the price is beyond what he can afford, he shrugs ( 耸耸) his shoulders and walks away.He does not attempt to bargain with the shopkeeper. Even if he showed annoyance or surprise, he would expect to be to that if the price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.1. The underlined word "haggling" (line 2, para. 1 ) in the text most probably means ________.A. accepting the prices immediatelyB. fixing the right cost for some goodsC. arguing about the price of somethingD. paying extra for comfortable shopping2. We can learn from the text that Robinson’s is a store whichsellsA. expensive goodsB. air-conditionersC. Czechoslovakian goodsD. goods at a bargain price3. The writer asked about the price of a glass butter-dish in Change Alley because he wantedto ________.A. buy it at a lower priceB. change his dish for something elseC. find out if the shop assistant is politepare the prices of the dish in two stores4. Which of the following words best describes tile feeling of a British customer when" he shrugs his shoulders and walks away" ( line 3, para. 3 ) ?1A. Frightened.B. Worded.C. Annoyed.D. Disappointed.5. What would probably happen if a customer does bargain with a shopkeeper in England?A. The customer would be advised to shop in other stores.B. The customer would get the goods at a lower price.C. They would discuss and then reach an agreement.D. They would quarrel about the price of the goods.答案: 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. ASome people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sport ---- the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for entire nation's hopes, dreams and reputation.A good example is the football World Cup. Football is third world's most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he' 11 think of football. In a sense, winningthe World Cup put Argentina on the map.Sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow importantafter they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars,and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinean really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillfulat football, their nation is in every way better than all others?Not really. But it's nice to know that you won and that in one way atleast your country is the best.1. What is the author' s main purpose in the passage?A. To explain the role of sport.B. To compare Scotland with Argentina.C. To show that Argentina is better than all others.D. To prove that football is the world' s most important sport.22. In the second paragraph, the word "summit" means _______________ .A. awardB. summaryC. highest pointD. mountain top3. According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because ofits ______________.A. obvious position on the mapB. successes in the football WorldCupC. excellence at most important sportsD. large number of sports fans and supporters4. According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will _____________.A. fail to succeedB. lose enjoymentC. be successfulD. be unreasonable5. What is the author's attitude towards international games?A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield.B. Nations that win the football World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects.C. Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least.D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in manyways.答案 1. A 2.C 3. 4.B 5.CAt the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water, the temperature at night is below -50?C and windsof 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of the planet seemsto show that water flowed across it some time in the past, and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet withwater if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago. At that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer; and there was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists.Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the futureif the right conditions were produced. The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun's heat in the planet's atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), simple plants could begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living. It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars3and the problems connected with living there.1. Some scientists think there may have been life on the Mars in the past because _______________.A. there is no life there nowB. there is a large amount of water at the polesC. the Mars may be able to support life in the futureD. conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth2. There could be life on the Mars in the future if________________.A. it supported life in the pastB. certain gases are used to cool the planetC. the atmosphere can be heated enough to grow simple plantsD. the planet's volcanoes become as active as they were in the past3. People may be able to live on the Mars _________________.A. within the next 200,000 yearsB. only 200,000 years from nowC. only 150,000 years from nowD. as soon as the planet becomes cool enough4. The author's attitude towards the possibility of life on the Mars in the future is____________.A. doubtfulB. positiveC. negativeD. uninterested5. Which is the best title for this passage?A. The Possibility of Life on the MarsB. Future Conditions on the MarsC. The Mars and the EarthD. A Study of the Climate of the Mars答案: 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 4. ASport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example,4learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout1. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletesis___________________.A. to reduce their mental stressB. to increase their sense of successC. to make sports less competitiveD. to make sports more challenging2. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that___________________.A. it can help them learn mom about societyB. it enables them to find flaws in themselvesC. it can provide them with valuable experiencesD. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves3. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes________________.A. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early developmentB. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidenceC. in order to make them remember life's lessonsD. so as to put more pressure on them4. According the passage parents and coachesshould__________________.A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports5B. help children to win every gameC. train children to cope with stressD. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports5. The author's purpose in writing the passage is __________________.A. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnoutB. to persuade young children not to worry about criticismC. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to childrenD. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement答案: 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. CMost cities and/or states in the U. S. collect a sales tax on almost everything you buy. You must ask when you move into a new community how much the local sales tax is, and what items are and are not taxable.Both taxable items and the amount of tax vary considerably from place, from one of two percent in some places up to eight orten in others. The New York City sales tax, for examples, is currently 8%, so if you buy a pair of $ 40 shoes you will actually have to pay $ 43.20. This makes paying and getting correct change much more difficult (not to mention making everything more expensive). We say in Americathat only two things in life are unavoidable: one is death and the other taxes.Another thing that makes money exchanges more complicated is tipping. The Chinese people have happily put an end to tipping, but Westernersare still plagued with this indignity. Waiters and waitresses, cab drivers, hotel bellboys, barbers and hairdressers and all sorts of other people must be tipped. Their employers give them low wages because it is expected that you, the customer, will make up the difference. If youdon't, the service person can't earn a living. Tipping also varies fromplace to place, generally in the area of 15% of your bill (before taxes), but again you should ask local residents whom to tip and how much.There is another kind of tipping as well. You are generally expected to give something (either cash or a bottle of whisky) to the mailman and to your building "super" at Christmastime. You should discuss this also with neighbors and colleagues.1. The main idea of this passage is ______________.A. shopping and tippingB. sales and shoppingC. sales taxes and tippingD. sales taxes and people2. According to the passage, if you buy a pair of $ 50 shoes in the New York City, you pay6extra ____________as sales tax.A. $4.5B. $4C. $5D. $5.53. Usually, cab drivers _________________.A. get high wages from the employerB. get great benefits from the employerC. get low wages from the employerD. get high bonus from the employer4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The Chinese people have to pay tips in western countries.B. The westerners don't have to pay high tips in their own country.C. Barbers, hotel bellboys and all sorts of other people can earn a living if they are not tipped.D. Tipping varies from place to place, generally in the area of 20% of your bill.5. Usually, taxable items and the amount of tax _________________.A. have no difference from place to place in the U. S.B. are over 15% in the U. S.C. have been put an end in the U. S.D. vary from place to place in the U. S.答案:1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. DIn 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers.Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materialsfor new products, but be- cause few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York.Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in theUnited States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them in- to fence posts, paint brushes, etc.As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard re- mains a discard until somebody figuresout how to give it a second life--and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without ad- equate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.7Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcinglocal governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York,amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.46. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.47. The returned plastic bottles in New York used to_______________.A. end up somewhere undergroundB. be turned into raw materialsC. have a second life valueD. be separated from other rubbish48. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is______________.A. to sell them at a profitable priceB. how to turn them intouseful thingsC. how to reduce their recycling costsD. to lower the prices for used materials49. Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal ofrubbish because______________.A. local governments find it easy to manageB. recycling has great appeal for the joblessC. recycling causes little pollutionD. other methods are more expensive50. It can be concluded from the passage that__________________.A. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materialsB. local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits fromrecyclingC. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally8D. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal答案 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. CCrime in the cities has had more publicity(宣扬)than crime in the suburbs, but in recentyears many of the suburbs have found their crime rates increasing faster than those of the cities.One crime prevention aid is the Neighborhood Watch Program started five years ago and is sponsored by the National Sheriffs' Association. The aim is to get people to watch out for their neighbors. They are asked to be alert for any unusual activity, such as strangers who may be bringing since out of a house to an unfamiliar waiting vehicle. Vandalism(破坏行为)is also a target of the program. Children are matchlesslikely to run around with spray cans if they know that neighbors are alert and that they will probably be caught.The programmer should fit the specific neighborhood and be done with the knowledge and cooperation of the sheriff's office and the police department. So far, 2 300 programs have been set up with at least one in every state in the union. In some cases, neighborhood block clubs have been established to give is instructions. A National Neighborhood Watch Program has been set up, including one and one-half to seven million citizens at a federal government cost of 5 cents to 22 cents per person. The national office supplies Sheriffs and localoffice departments with program materials, crime prevention literature, and ideas on making homes more secure. Statistics show that this system works and is working better all the time.1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. There has been as much crime in the cities as in the suburbs.B. Crime increase at the same rate in both the cities and the suburbs.C. Crime rates increase more slowly in the cities than in the suburbs.D. There have been higher crime rates in the suburbs than in the cities.2. Which of the following activities is NOT affected by the Neighborhood Watch Program?A. Neighbors quarrel with each other.B. Strangers take things out of a house.C. Children run everywhere with spray cans.D. Vandals walk around the neighborhood.3. What is the purpose of the Neighborhood Watch Program?A. To replace the sheriff' and policeman's duties.9B. To get the people together so they can become better friends.C. To make people less suspicious of their neighbors.D. To decrease the neighborhood crime rate.4. How far has the program gone?A. The federal government assists in financing a National Neighborhood Watch Program.B. Many thousands of neighborhoods have organized them.C. It costs the government between 22 and 25 cents per person.D. Some states haven't become involved yet.5. The national office contributes a lot to Neighborhood Watch Program including all the following actions except________________.A. providing program materials to local office departmentsB. supplying crime prevention literatureC. spreading preventive ideas in order to make neighborhood more secureD. setting up clubs to give instructions答案 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. DIn only two decades Asian American have become the fastest-growing US minority. As theirchildren began moving up through the nation's schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation's bestuniversities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U. S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a goodjob after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree.Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational systemhas to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress10family values and emphasize education.Both explanations for academic success worry Asian-Americans because of fears that theyfeed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese,Japanese and Filipinoimmigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that lawswere laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.1. While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students__________. A. feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of EnglishB. are afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian characterC. still worry about unfair treatment in societyD. generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents2. What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?A. A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.B. Hard work and intelligence.C. Hard help and a limited knowledge of English.D. Asian culture and the American educational system.3. Few Asian-American students major in human sciences mainly because_______________.A. their English is not good enoughB. they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areasC. there is a wide difference between Asian and Western culturesD. they know little about American culture and society4. Why do the two "explanations" (Para. 3) worry Asian Americans?A. They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general.B. People would think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.C. Asian-Americans would be a threat to other minorities.D. American academic achievements have taken on too strong at Asian character.115. The author's tone in this passage is___________________.A. sympatheticB. doubtfulC. criticalD. objective答案 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. DFor an increasing number of students at American universities, oldis suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-boomgeneration, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The change poses profound questions for government and society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions and in law and business as well. "In addition to the doctors, we're going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers," says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California's (USC. School of Gerontology(老年学).Lawyers can specialize in "elder law", which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination(歧视). Businessmen see huge opportunities inthe eider market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. "Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, anMBA or law degree will have a license to print money," one professor says.Margarita Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began collegeas a biology major but found she was "really bored with bacteria". So she took a class in gerontology anddiscovered that she liked it. She says, "I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying."1. "Old is suddenly in" (Para. 1) most probablymeans__________________.A. America has suddenly become a nation o5 old peopleB. gerontology has suddenly become popularC. more elderly professors are found on American campusesD. American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students2. With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit__________________.A. from the adoption of the "eider law"B. from rendering special services to the elderlyC. by enriching their professional knowledge12D. by winning the trust of the elderly to promote their owninterests3. Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market?A. Retirees are more generous in spending money.B. They can employ more gerontologists.C. The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power.D. There are more elderly people working than before.4. Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage?A. Retirees who are business-minded.B. The volunteer workers in retirement homes.C. College graduates with an MBA or law degreeD. Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology.5. It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of America's elderlypopulation______________.A. will provide good job opportunities in many areasB. will impose an unbearable burden on societyC. may lead to nursing-home abuse and age discriminationD. will create new fields of study in universities答案 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. ANormally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses eachlasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two。

2012专升本英语阅读理解考前复习资料2012专升本英语阅读理解考前复习资料格致-2012专升本英语考前复习资料(阅读理解)There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. There is nothing out of the ordinary in haggling; some shopkeepers expect you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately. We know that the pricesin some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, but we also realize that to keep a store likeRobinson's is by no means cheap. Besides, in such places we shop in air-condition (空调)comfort. For all these, we pay a little extra.It is not always true to say that things in Change Alley cost less.I once bought a Czechoslo-vakian glass butter-dish from Robinson's for a little under two dollars. I then went on to Change Alley and just by chance saw an article of the same shape, design and size, inone of the shops. I then asked about its price, and was surprised when the man demanded more than four dollars for it. "How much can you offer?" he shouted at me. I offered him exactly the same price I paid for the article and his reply was shockingly rude (粗鲁).I opened my bag, showed him my receipt, stared at him and walked out of his shop.A buyer in England expects to find the price of goods clearly shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is. He knows this is the lowest price that will be accepted. If he thinks the price isbeyond what he can afford, he shrugs ( 耸耸) his shoulders and walks away.He does not attempt to bargain with the shopkeeper. Even if he showed annoyance or surprise, he would expect to be to that if the price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.1. The underlined word "haggling" (line 2, para. 1 ) in the text most probably means ________.A. accepting the prices immediatelyB. fixing the right cost for some goodsC. arguing about the price of somethingD. paying extra for comfortable shopping2. We can learn from the text that Robinson’s is a store whichsellsA. expensive goodsB. air-conditionersC. Czechoslovakian goodsD. goods at a bargain price3. The writer asked about the price of a glass butter-dish in Change Alley because he wantedto ________.A. buy it at a lower priceB. change his dish for something elseC. find out if the shop assistant is polite/doc/4a8344090.html,pare the prices of the dish in two stores4. Which of the following words best describes tile feeling ofa British customer when" he shrugs his shoulders and walks away" ( line 3, para. 3 ) ?1A. Frightened.B. Worded.C. Annoyed.D. Disappointed.5. What would probably happen if a customer does bargain with a shopkeeper in England?A. The customer would be advised to shop in other stores.B. The customer would get the goods at a lower price.C. They would discuss and then reach an agreement.D. They would quarrel about the price of the goods.答案: 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. ASome people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sport ---- the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for entire nation's hopes, dreams and reputation.A good example is the football World Cup. Football is third world's most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he' 11 think of football. In a sense, winningthe World Cup put Argentina on the map.Sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow importantafter they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars,and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinean really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others?Not really. But it's nice to know that you won and that in one way atleast your country is the best.1. What is the author' s main purpose in the passage?A. To explain the role of sport.B. To compare Scotland with Argentina.C. To show that Argentina is better than all others.D. To prove that football is the world' s most important sport.22. In the second paragraph, the word "summit" means _______________ .A. awardB. summaryC. highest pointD. mountain top3. According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because ofits ______________.A. obvious position on the mapB. successes in the football WorldCupC. excellence at most important sportsD. large number of sports fans and supporters4. According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks aboutwinning, he will _____________.A. fail to succeedB. lose enjoymentC. be successfulD. be unreasonable5. What is the author's attitude towards international games?A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield.B. Nations that win the football World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects.C. Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least.D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in manyways.答案 1. A 2.C 3. 4.B 5.CAt the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water, the temperature at night is below -50?C and windsof 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of the planet seemsto show that water flowed across it some time in the past, and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet withwater if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago. At that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer; and there was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists.Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the futureif the right conditions were produced. The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun's heat in the planet's atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), simple plants could begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living. It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars3and the problems connected with living there.1. Some scientists think there may have been life on the Mars in the past because _______________.A. there is no life there nowB. there is a large amount of water at the polesC. the Mars may be able to support life in the futureD. conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth2. There could be life on the Mars in the future if________________.A. it supported life in the pastB. certain gases are used to cool the planetC. the atmosphere can be heated enough to grow simple plantsD. the planet's volcanoes become as active as they were in the past3. People may be able to live on the Mars _________________.A. within the next 200,000 yearsB. only 200,000 years from nowC. only 150,000 years from nowD. as soon as the planet becomes cool enough4. The author's attitude towards the possibility of life on the Mars in the future is____________.A. doubtfulB. positiveC. negativeD. uninterested5. Which is the best title for this passage?A. The Possibility of Life on the MarsB. Future Conditions on the MarsC. The Mars and the EarthD. A Study of the Climate of the Mars答案: 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 4. ASport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, 4learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coachesand parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout1. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletesis___________________.A. to reduce their mental stressB. to increase their sense of successC. to make sports less competitiveD. to make sports more challenging2. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that___________________.A. it can help them learn mom about societyB. it enables them to find flaws in themselvesC. it can provide them with valuable experiencesD. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves3. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes________________.A. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early developmentB. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidenceC. in order to make them remember life's lessonsD. so as to put more pressure on them4. According the passage parents and coachesshould__________________.A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports5B. help children to win every gameC. train children to cope with stressD. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports5. The author's purpose in writing the passage is __________________.A. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnoutB. to persuade young children not to worry about criticismC. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to childrenD. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement答案: 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. CMost cities and/or states in the U. S. collect a sales tax on almost everything you buy. You must ask when you move into a new community how much the local sales tax is, and what items are and are not taxable.Both taxable items and the amount of tax vary considerably from place, from one of two percent in some places up to eight orten in others. The New York City sales tax, for examples, is currently 8%, so if you buy a pair of $ 40 shoes you will actually have to pay $ 43.20. This makes paying and getting correct change much more difficult (not to mention making everything more expensive). We say in Americathat only two things in life are unavoidable: one is death and the other taxes.Another thing that makes money exchanges more complicated is tipping. The Chinese people have happily put an end to tipping, but Westernersare still plagued with this indignity. Waiters and waitresses, cab drivers, hotel bellboys, barbers and hairdressers and all sorts of other people must be tipped. Their employers give them low wages because it is expected that you, the customer, will make up the difference. If youdon't, the service person can't earn a living. Tipping also varies fromplace to place, generally in the area of 15% of your bill (before taxes), but again you should ask local residents whom to tip and how much.There is another kind of tipping as well. You are generally expected to give something (either cash or a bottle of whisky) to the mailman and to your building "super" at Christmas time. You should discuss this also with neighbors and colleagues.1. The main idea of this passage is ______________.A. shopping and tippingB. sales and shoppingC. sales taxes and tippingD. sales taxes and people2. According to the passage, if you buy a pair of $ 50 shoes in the New York City, you pay6extra ____________as sales tax.A. $4.5B. $4C. $5D. $5.53. Usually, cab drivers _________________.A. get high wages from the employerB. get great benefits from the employerC. get low wages from the employerD. get high bonus from the employer4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The Chinese people have to pay tips in western countries.B. The westerners don't have to pay high tips in their own country.C. Barbers, hotel bellboys and all sorts of other people can earn a living if they are not tipped.D. Tipping varies from place to place, generally in the area of 20% of your bill.5. Usually, taxable items and the amount of tax _________________.A. have no difference from place to place in the U. S.B. are over 15% in the U. S.C. have been put an end in the U. S.D. vary from place to place in the U. S.答案:1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. DIn 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a depositon beverage (饮料) containers.Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but be- cause few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York.Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them in- to fence posts, paint brushes, etc.As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard re- mains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life--and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without ad- equate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.7Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcinglocal governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York,amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recyclingalso stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.46. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.47. The returned plastic bottles in New York used to_______________.A. end up somewhere undergroundB. be turned into raw materialsC. have a second life valueD. be separated from other rubbish48. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is______________.A. to sell them at a profitable priceB. how to turn them intouseful thingsC. how to reduce their recycling costsD. to lower the prices for used materials49. Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal ofrubbish because______________.A. local governments find it easy to manageB. recycling has great appeal for the joblessC. recycling causes little pollutionD. other methods are more expensive50. It can be concluded from the passage that__________________.A. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materialsB. local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits fromrecyclingC. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally8D. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal答案 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. CCrime in the cities has had more publicity(宣扬)than crime in the suburbs, but in recentyears many of the suburbs have found their crime rates increasing faster than those of the cities.One crime prevention aid is the Neighborhood Watch Program started five years ago and is sponsored by the National Sheriffs' Association. The aim is to get people to watch out for their neighbors. They are asked to be alert for any unusual activity, such as strangers who may be bringing since out of a house to an unfamiliar waiting vehicle. Vandalism(破坏行为)is also a target of the program. Children are matchless likely to run around with spray cans if they know that neighbors are alert and that they will probably be caught.The programmer should fit the specific neighborhood and be done with the knowledge and cooperation of the sheriff's office and the police department. So far, 2 300 programs have been set up with at least one in every state in the union. In some cases, neighborhood block clubs have been established to give is instructions. A National Neighborhood Watch Program hasbeen set up, including one and one-half to seven million citizens at a federal government cost of 5 cents to 22 cents per person. The national office supplies Sheriffs and localoffice departments with program materials, crime prevention literature, and ideas on making homes more secure. Statistics show that this system works and is working better all the time.1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. There has been as much crime in the cities as in the suburbs.B. Crime increase at the same rate in both the cities and the suburbs.C. Crime rates increase more slowly in the cities than in the suburbs.D. There have been higher crime rates in the suburbs than in the cities.2. Which of the following activities is NOT affected by the Neighborhood Watch Program?A. Neighbors quarrel with each other.B. Strangers take things out of a house.C. Children run everywhere with spray cans.D. Vandals walk around the neighborhood.3. What is the purpose of the Neighborhood Watch Program?A. To replace the sheriff' and policeman's duties.9B. To get the people together so they can become better friends.C. To make people less suspicious of their neighbors.D. To decrease the neighborhood crime rate.4. How far has the program gone?A. The federal government assists in financing a NationalNeighborhood Watch Program.B. Many thousands of neighborhoods have organized them.C. It costs the government between 22 and 25 cents per person.D. Some states haven't become involved yet.5. The national office contributes a lot to Neighborhood Watch Program including all the following actions except________________.A. providing program materials to local office departmentsB. supplying crime prevention literatureC. spreading preventive ideas in order to make neighborhood more secureD. setting up clubs to give instructions答案 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. DIn only two decades Asian American have become the fastest-growing US minority. As theirchildren began moving up through the nation's schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation's best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U. S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a goodjob after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree.Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress10family values and emphasize education.Both explanations for academic success worry Asian-Americans because of fears that theyfeed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese,Japanese and Filipinoimmigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that lawswere laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.1. While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students__________. A. feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of EnglishB. are afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian characterC. still worry about unfair treatment in societyD. generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents2. What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?A. A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.B. Hard work and intelligence.C. Hard help and a limited knowledge of English.D. Asian culture and the American educational system.3. Few Asian-American students major in human sciences mainly because_______________.A. their English is not good enoughB. they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areasC. there is a wide difference between Asian and Western culturesD. they know little about American culture and society4. Why do the two "explanations" (Para. 3) worry Asian Americans?A. They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general.B. People would think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.C. Asian-Americans would be a threat to other minorities.D. American academic achievements have taken on too strong at Asian character.11。

2012年专升本英语重点词汇(内部资料)Word Commentorganizational a.组织(上)的goal n.目的，目辬；得分进球，球门objective n.目辬，目的a.客观的；无偏见的accomplish vt.完成(任务等)predict vt./vi.预言；预示accompany vt.伴随，陪同；为…伴奏implement vt.实现；完成；履行constraint n.强制；强制因素，制约条件precedent n.先例，前例simplify vt.简化tendency n.趋势，倾向managerial a.经理的，管理人的；管理上的，经营上的maker n.制造者；制造商achievement n.完成，达到；成就，成绩attain vt.达到；完成optimal a.最适宜的；最理想的suboptimization n.局部最优化，次优化trade-off n.(对不能同时兼顾的因素)权衡；物物交换argue vt./vi.争辩，争论，辩论；说服budget n.预算vt.把…编入预算；安排，预定scheme n.计划；方案vt./vi.计划，策划define vt.解释，给…下定义；限定，规定multiple a.多样的，复合的 n.倍数profitability n.赚钱，获得correctness n.正确，正确性unintended a.非计划中的，非故意的ongoing a.进行中的，前进的entity n.存在，实体；统一性skilled a.熟练的；有技能的in the way 挡路；碍事make a guess at 猜测and the like 等等，诸如此类seek to 追求，争取in part 部分地，在某种程度上point of view 观点interview vt./n.面谈，采访；面试，口试criticism n.批评；评论candidate n.候选人，候补者；应试者vague a.含糊的；不明确的notion n.概念；想法，看法prospect n.展望，景象；［常pl.］前景，前程community n.社区；共同体unattractive a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的indifference n.冷漠；不感兴趣(to)interviewer n.接见者；面谈者personality n.个性；人格；品格prospective a.预期的；未来的speechless a.不会说话的；不说话的clarification n.澄清，阐明correspondence n.符合，一致；通信photocopy vt./n.复印，影印；照相复制本resume n.摘要，梗概；个人简历inefficiency n.无效；效能差neat a.整洁的；简洁的；整齐的conservative a.保存的，防腐的；保守的，守旧的punk n.(俚)阿飞；朋克 a.颓废派的miniskirt n.超短裙panel n.专门小组intimidate vt.恐吓，恫吓clutch vt./vi.抓住，握紧grip vt./n.紧握，紧夹；掌握，控制painful a.痛苦的；费力的rephrase vt.重新措辞，改用别的话表示apply for 申请day to day work 日常工作take the trouble to 不辞劳苦，费力to one's advantage 对某人有利ask for 请求，向…要；寻找in hand 手头上有make sure 查明，弄确实；确信at a disadvantage 处于不利地位turn down 拒绝；调小或调低；翻下astronomer n.天文学家escape vi./vt.逃跑；避免 n.逃跑；逃路，出口exert vt.尽(力)；施加(压力等)；行使(职权等) explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸；突发density n.密集度，稠密度；［物][化］密度collapse vt./vi./n.(使)倒塌，(使)崩溃；瓦解supernova n.［天］超新星daytime n.白天，日间dwarf n.矮子；［天］矮星neutron n.［物］中子shrink vt./vi./n.收缩；缩小；退缩，畏缩gravity n.严肃，认真；重要性；［物］重力marble n.弹子；大理石a.大理石的，大理石般的boundary n.分界线，边界observer n.遵守者，奉行者；观察者，监视者interchangeable a.可交换的；可互换的constant a.永恒的，经久不变的；经常的 n.常数measurement n.衡量，测量implication n.含意，暗示；牵连，涉及，卷入basis n.基础，根据；主要成份；军事基地launch vt.发射；使(船)下水 n.发射，(船)下水galaxy n.［天］星系，［G-］银河系observatory n.天文台；了望台convincing a.有说服力的，使人信服的binary a.二，双；二进制的n.双(体)；联星twin a./n.双胞胎(的)［Twins］［天］双子座companion n.同伴，同事；［天］伴星(=～star) speculation n.推测，猜测；投机swallow vt.吞咽 n.燕子mankind n.［用作单或复］人类operate v.运转，起作用；动手术；操作；经营research into 研究speculation about 关于…猜测swallow up 吞没，耗尽make use of 利用Star of Bethlehem 圣诞星White Dwarf ［天］白矮星Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦(美籍德国理论物理学家) Milky Way 银河；银河系(=Milky Way galaxy) planet n.行星revolve vi.旋转；绕转solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的largely ad.大量地；主要地glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁 n.闪光cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的astronaut n.宇航员thrilling a.令人激动的；颤动的，震颤的outer a.外部的whereas conj.而，却；反之lesser a.较小的；更少的；次要的concerned a.有关的；关切的，担心的microscopic a.显微镜的；微观的；微小的，细微的whilst conj.(=while)当…时；然而；虽然，尽管plateau n.(［复］plateaus或plateaux)高原tropical a.热带的；炎热的coloured a.有色的religion n.宗教；宗教信仰circumstance n.［pl.］情况，环境；境遇a great many 很多above all 首先，首要as a rule 通常；一般说来euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡；安乐死weaken vt.削弱，减弱 vi.变弱Dutchman n.(［复］Dutchmen)荷兰人deteriorate vt./vi.(使)恶化lethal a.致死的injection n.注射；注射剂，针剂nationwide a.全国性的 ad.在全国范围内debate vt./n.争论，辩论vi.对…进行争论，辩论legal a.法律上的；合法的Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语parliament n.议会，国会；［P-］议会prosecute vt.对…起诉，告发request vt./n.请求，要求criterion n.辬准，准则crowd n.群，人群 vi.聚集，群集ensure vt.保证，担保healthcare n.保健oppose vt.反对，反抗；使相对，使对抗(to) tradition n.传统；惯例hospice n.(晚期病人)收容所council n.理事会；委员会founder n.创始者；缔造者consideration n.考虑；体谅，照顾elderly a.较老的，人过中年的n.近老年人disabled a.伤残的；使失去战斗力的burden n.负担；责任，义务vt.使负重担；麻烦opt vi.抉择，选择(for)，在…之间选择shorten vt./vi.缩短，缩小；减少vulnerable a.易受伤的，弱小的；易受…攻击的prohibition n.禁止；禁令individual n.个人，个体，独立单位 a.个人的；个别的paternalistic a.家长式统治的；家长作风的moving a.活动的，移动的；动人的，令人感动的sensitive a.敏感的；灵敏的，感光的be affected with 患有…疾病debate on 关于…进行辩论make request for 要求…be opposed to 反对open up 打开；开办，开辟，开发；坦诚地谈话take...into account 考虑到need for 对…的需要opt out of 决定不参加…，决定(从…)退出have...at heart 对某事十分关心the Netherlands 荷兰(=Holland)conspiracy n.阴谋，密谋；阴谋集团，阴谋帮派old boy n.老同学；(招呼用)老朋友，老弟，老兄network n.［纺］网眼织物；网状物，网络escalator n.自动扶梯privilege n.特权vt.给予…特权profession n.职业(尤指脑力劳动或受过专业训练的) graduate v.(使)(大学)毕业 n.大学毕业生，研究生unfair a.不公平的，不公正的employment n.使用；雇佣；职业，工作publish vt.出版，刊印；公布，发表senior a.年长的；大学四年级的 n.年长者appoint vt.任命，委任(as)；约定，指定private a.私人的；私营的；秘密的，私下的headmaster n.(中学或小学的)校长leading a.领导的，指引的；最重要的，主要的bias n.偏见v.［常用被动语态］有偏见entry n.进入；入口；登记，条目，账目merit n.优点，长处；功绩，功劳fiercely ad.凶猛地，凶残地；猛烈地competitive a.竞争的，比赛的entrance n.进入；入口，门口；入场，入会，入学additional a.附加的，追加的；另外的abolish vt.废除(法律，习惯等)；取消applicant n.申请人，请求者performance n.执行；表现，工作性能；演出，演奏accessible a.易接近的；易受影响的(to)；可理解的elite n.精英，杰出人物 a.杰出的，精英的academic a.学院的，学会的；学术的excellence n.优秀，杰出recruit vt./vi.征募(新兵)，吸收；补充 n.新成员equivalent a.相等的；等价的 n.等价(物)；对应词ivy n.常青藤replicate vt.重复；复制elitist n.杰出人物 a.杰出人物(统治论)的remedial a.治疗的，治疗上用的；补救的prime a.最初的，基本的；主要的；最好的vision n.想像力，幻觉；视力，视觉；眼光classless a.无阶级的；不属于任何阶级的amount to 达到，总计；相当于，等于on average 平均blame…for为…责备某人by nature 生来，天生，就其本性而言be worth doing 值得做Oxbridge 牛津大学和剑桥大学；该校之学生Oxford 牛津；牛津大学Cambridge 剑桥；剑桥大学Westminster 威斯敏斯特France 法兰西，法国Ivy League 常春藤联合会；名牌大学的Harvard (美国)哈佛大学Yale (美国)耶鲁大学Princeton (美国)普林斯顿大学Stanford (美国)斯坦福大学Berkeley 伯克利；加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校John Major 约翰·梅杰(前英国首相)slavery n.奴隶制度，奴役；奴隶身份domestic adj.家庭的，家务的；国内的n.家仆，佣人Briton n.大不列颠人；英国人statistics n.统计数字，统计资料；［用作单］统计学diplomat a.外交家；外交官abroad ad.到国外；在国外exploit vt.开发，开采；利用；剥削abuse vt./n.滥用，妄用；虐待，凌辱campaign n.战役；运动v.参加运动，参加竞选活动sexually ad.在性方面passport n.护照Filipino n.菲律宾人(语) a.菲律宾人的；菲律宾的maid n.少女；侍女，女仆execute vt.实行，执行，完成，贯彻；将…处死convict vt.证明…有罪(of)；宣判 n.罪犯despite prep.尽管，任凭guilt n.有罪；内疚deserving a.应得的，值得的(of)Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人a.沙特阿拉伯(人或语)的breadwinner n.养家糊口的人shelf n.(壁橱，书橱内)搁板；架子minimum n.最小量；最低限度a.最小的；最低的employee n.雇员，雇工leaflet n.小叶，嫩叶；传单，活页incidence n.影响程度，影响范围；发生率immigrant a.移民的，侨民的 n.移民，侨民status n.情形，状况；地位，身份kingdom n.王国；领域concession n.让步；特许权；租界，租界地immigration n.移居；外来的移民foreigner n.外国人deport vt.驱逐出境bring over 把…带来；使转变convict...of 证明…有罪，宣判…有罪be deserving of 值得；应得be supposed to 应该Singapore 新加坡岛；新加坡；新加坡市the Philippines 菲律宾(国)；菲律宾群岛Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡United Kingdom 联合王国gang n.一队，一族；一群，一帮eyewitness n.目击者；见证人unison n.一致；协调interstate a.［主美］州际的BBC 英国广播公司correspondent n.对应物；新闻通讯员，记者，通信者shackle n.［常pl.］镣铐；［pl.］束缚，枷锁ditch n.沟，沟渠 vt./vi.开渠；筑渠weed n.杂草，野草vt.除草，拔草deny vt.否定，否认；拒绝接受，拒绝给予reintroduction n.重新采用，重新引入gap n.裂口，裂缝toilet n.盥洗室；厕所circus n.马戏团，杂技团；马戏场，杂技场degrade vt.降级，贬低；堕落；退化plantation n.种植园，大农场；植树造林spokesman n.发言人；代言人racist n.种族主义者a.种族主义的；种族歧视的racial a.种族的inhumane a.不人道的，残忍的civil a.国民的，民用的；国内的，民间的union n.工会，协会；结合，联合liberty n.自由，自由权；冒昧，失礼；特许权，特权punishment n.处罚，罚，刑罚；折磨，损害disaffection n.不满argument n.争论，辩论；论据，理由watch over 看守，照管，监视in unison 完全一致地call up 打电话；使想起，使忆起Alabama 阿拉巴马(美国州名)Georgia 佐治亚(美国州名)Arkansas 阿肯色(美国州名)blues n.布鲁斯；慢四步舞rock'n'roll n.摇滚乐，摇滚舞folk n.人们；［口］家属，亲属a.民间的musician n.音乐家；作曲家transformation n.变化，转化；改造，改革rhythmic a.有韵律的；有节奏的musically ad.在音乐方面；好听地；悦耳地distinct a.与其他不同的，独特的；明显的consciousness n.意识，知觉；觉悟anti-war a.反战的sentiment n.感情，情绪；感伤spontaneous a.自发的，本能的，自动的；出自自然的originate vi./vt.发源；发生，发起imitator n.模仿者Negro n.黑人a.黑人的eclecticism n.折衷主义synthesis n.结合，合成jazz n.爵士乐readily ad.乐意地；很快地，容易地limitless a.无限制的，无限的instrument n.仪器；乐器electronic a.电子的amplifier n.放大器guitar n.六弦琴，吉他electronics n.［复］［用作单］电子学studio n.工作室；播音室，演播室；电影制片厂penetrating a.穿透的，贯穿的；深刻的，透彻的thereby ad.由此，从而passive a.被动的；消极的participant n.参加者 a.参与的multimedia a.多种手段的；多媒体的 n.多媒体ballroom n.舞厅lighting n.照明，照明设备take place 发生take over 接管，接任；把…从一处运到另一处take on 具有；担任(工作等)；雇佣Beatles ［the Beatles］披头士摇滚乐队San Francisco 旧金山(或称三藩市)Jefferson Airplane 杰弗逊飞机(美国摇滚乐队名)composer n.作曲家inspire vt.鼓舞；使产生灵感fruitful a.有成果的，有收获的output n.产量；输出theme n.题目，主题；主旋律invariably ad.不变地improvise vt.即兴创作；临时准备，临时凑成symphony n.交响曲，交响乐；交响乐队，交响音乐会handle n.柄，把手 vt.运用，操纵；经营，管理constructive a.建设的，建设性的creative a.创造性的notebook n.笔记本preliminary a.预备的；初步的 n.初试；预赛painstaking a.苦干的；费力的traditionalist n.传统主义者；因循守旧者thematic a.题目的，主题的；主旋律的conception n.概念，观念well-established a.固定下来的；得到确认的temper vt.［治］使回火，锻炼；调合well-tempered 脾气好的；(键盘乐器)调到平均律的clavichord n.(音)击弦古钢琴mold n.(=mould)模子；模型 vt.用模子做，浇铸sake n.缘故completeness n.完整，圆满；完成，结束summarize vt./vi.概述，总结diversified a.多样化的conventional a.惯例的，常规的；(艺术等)因袭的experimental a.实验的；经验的harmony n.协调，和谐；融洽，一致sonority n.响亮，洪亮evident a.明显的，明白的in other words 换句话说in a sense 在某种意义上at a stretch 连续不断地serve as 适合belong in 应归入(类别、范畴等)in advance 在前面；预先It goes without sayingthat 不言而喻，理所当然for the sake of 为了…之好处；为了…的目的Franz Schubert 舒伯特(奥地利作曲家)Hugo Wolf 沃尔夫(奥地利作曲家) Beethoven 贝多芬(德国作曲家)Palestrina 帕莱斯特里纳(意大利作曲家) Bach 巴赫(德国作曲家)Well TemperedClavichord (巴赫)《平均律钢琴曲集》Gesualdo 杰苏阿尔多(意大利作曲家) Moussorgsky 穆索尔斯基(俄国作曲家)Berlioz 柏辽兹(法国作曲家，指挥家及音乐评论家) Debussy 德辭西(法国作曲家)Edgar Varese 瓦雷兹(法裔美国作曲家)efficiency n.效率；功效，效能，实力robotics n.机器人学，机器人技术robot n.机器人；自动控制装臵increasingly ad.不断增加地prevalent a.流行的，普通的automotive a.自动的，机动的；汽车的weld vt./n.焊接spray n.水花；喷雾vt.喷；喷涂vi.喷；溅散cast vt.投，扔；投射；铸造n.投，掷；模具frame n.构架，框架install vt.安装appliance n.应用，适用；用具，器械calculator n.计算者；计算器radioactive a.［原］放射性的；放射引起的personnel n.全体人员，全体职员；人事(部门) expose vt.使暴露，使面临；揭露，揭发radiation n.放射，发光；放射物，辐射线，辐射能reduction n.减少，减小；降级，降职；归纳，归并automatic a.自动的；无意识的，机械的reprogramme v.再次(重新)设定程序completion n.完成，结束；完满specific a.特有的，特定的；具体的，明确的switch n.开关，转换器v.转换；接通或切断…电流critical a.批评(性)的；紧要的，关键性的，危急的digital a.手指的，指状的；数字的，计数的camera n.照相机，摄影机light-sensitive a.光敏的intensity n.强烈，剧烈grayscale 灰度brightness n.明亮，晴朗；聪敏，机灵scale n.刻度，表度；规模；比例(尺)；天平shade n.荫，阴影 vt.遮蔽，遮光calculation n.计算，计算结果；仔细考虑defective a.有缺点的；有缺陷的assemble vt.集合；装配 vi.集合attendant n.侍者，服务员；出席者fireman n.消防队员housekeeper n.管理家务的主妇；女管家expose to 暴露；面临；曝露in that 在于，原因是in between 在中间；每间隔；在…期间in question 正被谈论的plenty of 大量的；丰富的earthquake n.地震earning n.警告；警报a.警告的forecast vt.预测，预报；预示giant n.巨人；巨物，巨大的动物a.巨大的shift vt./vi.替换；转移 n.转换，转移；轮班fault n.缺点，毛病；错误，过失；［地］断层seismic a.地震precede vt.先于…，比…优先 vi.在前面，领先radon n.氡decay vi./vt.(使)腐朽，腐烂；衰变 n.腐烂；衰败radium n.镭underground a.地下的；秘密的 ad.在地下；隐蔽地speculate vi.思索；推测vt.投机；思索，推测subside vi.沉淀；沉降；平静下来，平息，减退datum n.(［复］data)资料，材料；数据reliability n.可靠性partial a.偏袒的，偏心的，对…偏袒；部分的up-to-date a.最新的，现代化的；直至目前的analyze vt.分析eastern a.东方的，东部的；向东方的，来自东方的work on 从事…；对…有影响set up 设立，建立；建立，提出on the alert 警戒，处于戒备状态Guatemala 危地马拉Chile 智利Charles Richter 查尔斯·里克特San Andreas fault (美)圣安德烈亚斯断层California 加利福尼亚(美国州名)leadership n.领导；［总称］领导人员research n.研究，调查vi.调查，研究attach vt.固定住，系；附加，隶属；使喜爱possession n.有，拥有；［常pl.］占有物；财产satisfaction n.满意，满足relaxation n.松弛，放松；缓和，减轻；休养desirable a.称心的，合意的，理想的occupation n.占领；占有；职业portray vt.描绘；描写；描述urban a.城市的，都市的stressful a.紧张的，压力重的loom vi.隐隐呈现；逼近renewal n.更新；重新开始underlie vt.支撑；构成(理论，政策，行为等)的基础acquire vt.获得，得到recognition n.认出；承认，公认impart vt.把…分给；给予(to)positive a.确实的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的motivate vt.作为…的动机，激发relevant a.贴切的，中肯的；与…有关的(to) communicator n.传播者，传播工作者participation n.参加，参与attainment n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣be concerned with 关于，涉及；忙于…；关心，关切attach importance to 认为…很重要take to 开始从事；养成…的习惯；培养对…的爱好put...to use 使用；利用be relevant to 与…有关on the part of 就…而言set...as objective 把…作为目辬elusive a.躲避的；难以捉摸的，难以理解的tricky a.狡猾的，耍花招的；难以处理的slip vi.滑动，滑过；溜，溜走 vt.使滑动quicksand n.流沙oversupply vt./n.过多供应wayside n.路边a.路边的flexible a.柔韧的，柔顺的；可变通的，灵活的readjustment n.再整理，再调整project n.设计，规划；项目vt.方案，计划；投射appointment n.任命；约会weekly a.每周的ad.每周(一次) n.周刊，周报adjustment n.调整realistic a.现实的，实际的；现实主义的underestimate vt.低估；看轻overestimate vt.过高估计；过高评价emergency n.紧急情况；突发事件routine n.日常工作 a.日常的；例行的；常规的crash a.紧急的，速成的inflexible a.不可弯曲的；不可改变的，固执的adjust vt.调整，调节；校准deem vt.认为，相信assignment n.分配，委派；任务，(课外)作业freshman n.新手，生手；大学一年级学生kid vt./vi./n.戏弄，开玩笑；欺骗，哄骗faithfully ad.忠诚地；如实地temptation n.引诱，诱惑look ahead to 向前看；展望未来allocate...for 分配给…；配给fall by the wayside 半途而废，中途退出hang up 把…挂起来；挂断(电话)；延迟，拖延throw off 扔掉；摆脱work out 作出；制定出up to date 最新的，新式的；切合目前情况的kid...into doing 欺骗…去做…stick with 坚持；继续jet n.喷射；喷嘴；喷气式飞机，喷气发动机lag vi.走得慢，落后n.落后，滞后flight n.飞行，飞翔；航班，班机；逃跑，溃退physiological a.生理的，生理学的regulatory a.规章的；调节的mechanism n.［机］机构，机制；作用过程hormonal a.荷尔蒙的，激素的secretary n.秘书；书记；部长，大臣negotiation n.谈判，协商proceeding n.程序，进程；项目，活动，会议文集instantaneously ad.瞬间地；即刻地transport vt.运输 n.运输overcome vt.战胜；克服regulate vt./n.管理；调节timing n.时间的选择；计时，定时periodicity n.周期性，间发性internal a.内部的，内在的；国内的superachiasmatic a.超(染色体)交叉的rhythm n.韵律，格律；节奏timer n.计时员，定时器external a.外在的，在外的alarm n.警报；惊恐vt.向…报警；打扰reset vt./n.重新安排，重调palm n.手掌sweat n.汗vi.出汗vt.使出汗discrepancy n.差异；不一致bodily a.身体的，肉体的cortisol n.［生］皮质(甾)醇excretion n.排泄；分泌destination n.目的地，终点feasible a.可行的，可能的pharmacological a.药物学的，药理学的assumption n.假定，设想；承担，采取mid-afternoon a.下午三点左右的neutral a.中立的；中性的wakefulness n.觉醒，不眠promote vt.促进，发扬；提升，升级；发起，创办synchronize vi.同时发生，同步 vt.使同步effect on 对…的作用blame...on 把…归咎于to advantage 有利地，有效地as fresh as paint 精神饱满now that (连词)既然，由于leave...alone 不管，不理；听其自然out of step 步伐不一致；不协调in time 及时；终于John Foster Dulles 杜勒斯(美国国务卿)Aswan Dam 阿斯旺水坝Johnson 约翰逊(美国第36任总统)Guam 关岛(美国在西太平洋的重要海、空军基地) Washington D.C. 华盛顿(市)［美国首都］White House 白宫(美国总统官邸)，美国政府span n.指距，跨距；一段时间fluctuate vi.波动，起伏；动摇 vt.使波动，使起伏fluctuation n.波动，起伏trick n.诡计；恶作剧fade vi.凋谢，枯萎；(颜色)褪去vt.使褪色illusion n.错觉；幻觉duration n.持续；持续时间infrequent a.很少发生的illustration n.说明；例证，插图moderate a.中等的，适度的；温和的，有节制的distraction n.精神涣散，精神不集中；消遣，娱乐distractor n.分散注意力的东西focal n.焦点的remedy n.治疗；补救(法) vt.治疗，补救fearful a.可怕的，吓人的；害怕的，胆怯的productivity n.生产率；丰饶，多产finance n.财政，金融；经费，资金retention n.保持；保留distract vt.分散(注意，心思等)；使人分心adversely ad.相反地；不利地，有害地appreciate vt.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价，鉴别；感激contrary a.相反的，相对的，与…相反(to) mislead vt.把…带错路，使…错或做错motivation n.动机；动力inefficient a.无效的；效率低的exceptional a.例外的；异常的，特殊的hinder vt.阻止；妨碍(from)typical a.典型的，代表性的to date 到目前为止attend to 专心；注意；照顾fall apart 四分五裂；崩溃be true of 符合于…，对…适用classify vt.把…分类，把…分等级；把…列为aged a.年老的，老的northwestern a.在西北的，向西北的；来自西北的approximate a.近似的，大约的 v.近似，接近；使接近paradox n.似非而可能是的论点；自相矛盾的话proportion n.比率，比例vt.使成比例，使相称dependency n.从属；依赖(on)advantageous a.有利的，有助的liability n.责任，义务；债务，负债；不利条件inactive a.不活动的；不活跃的appreciation n.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价；感激，感谢salient a.突出的，凸起的；显著的resettlement n.重新定居，重新安臵acknowledge vt.承认；表示感谢fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的 n.前部gathering n.聚集；集会birthrate n.出生率elsewhere ad.在别处；向别处demography n.人口统计学alter vt./vi.改变，改动experiential a.经验的；凭经验的continued a.继续的，连续的lengthen vt.使延长vi.变长，延伸wealthy a.富裕的；丰富的neglect vt.忽视，忽略；疏忽 n.忽略；疏忽expectation n.期待；估计寿命slippery a.滑的；圆滑的demographer n.人口学家revision n.修订，修改upwards ad.向上；趋向上升approximate to 与…接近to the fore 在前面，到前面；在显著地位resistance to 对…的阻力Austria 奥地利Sweden 瑞典Northern 北爱尔兰Vichy 维希(法国中部城市)Wales 威尔士esteem vt./n.尊敬，尊重cope vi.对付，妥善处理(with)parenting n.父母对孩子的养育tone n.音调，音色；腔调，语气；声调，语调infant n.婴儿，幼儿a.婴儿的，幼儿的lovable a.可爱的，讨人喜欢的manageable a.易管理的unlovable a.不可爱的；不讨人喜爱的worthless a.无价值的，无用的；不足道的，不可取的ultimately ad.最后，最终地crisis n.危机；决定性时刻withdraw vt.收回，提取；撤退 vi.撤退；退缩inconsiderate a.不替别人考虑的；不体谅人的outcome n.结果，结局；出路，出口reinforcement n.增强，加固；强化tangible a.可触摸的，可感知的；确实的，真实的attribute n.属性，特征；vt.把…归因与(to)fold vt./vi.折叠；对折 n.褶(痕) appropriate a.适合的，恰当的，相宜的cope with 对付；处理no other...than 除…外没有，只有；正是，就是take advantage of 利用；占…便宜act out 将…表演出来；(用行动)表示出来election n.选举；选举权presidential a.总统(校长)的；总统(校长)职务的winner n.获胜者，优胜者；成功者republican a.共和国的；共和党的n.共和党党员democratic a.民主的，民主主义的nominee n.被提名者；被任命者vote n.选举，投票；票，选票 vi.投票，选举certainty n.一定；必定nomination n.提名；任命loyalty n.忠诚；忠心decline vi.下降；衰退vt.拒绝n.下降；衰落democrat n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员voter n.选举人，投票人strategically ad.战略上地，颇具策略地pursue vt.追赶；追求，寻求；进行，从事impact n.冲击，碰撞；影响vt.装紧，压紧headquarters n.司令部，指挥部；总部，总店economy n.经济；节约strategist n.战略家rating n.等级，规格；(电视)收视率poll n.选举；民意测验 vt.得到选票 vi.投票stir vt.搅拌；激起 vi.走动；活动n.惊动strategy n.战略；策略constitutional a.宪法上规定的；组成的，构成的provision n.供应，供应品；条款，规定；给养electoral a.选举的representation n.描写，表现；代表，代理congress n.国会，议会；参议院，上院House n.［英］议院district n.区，行政区；地区，区域representative n.代表，代表人a.典型的，有代表性的presidency n.总统(或校长)职务(职权，任期)；管辖overwhelming a.压倒之势的stand no chance 没有可能；没有希望identify...as 把…看成impact on 对…之影响Ohio 俄亥俄州(美国州名)George McGovern 乔治·麦戈文Clinton 比尔·克林顿(Bill Clinton)Little Rock 小石城(美国阿肯色州首府)District of Columbia (美) (D.C.)哥伦比亚特区George Bush 乔治·布什Jimmy Carter 吉米·卡特Ronald Reagan 罗纳德·里根contest n.竞争，比赛；争夺，竞争；争论，争辩rivalry n.竞争；对抗dozen n.一打，十二个；十来个，十几个nominate vt.提名；任命；命名collectively ad.总体地；集体地electorate n.全体选民；选区inevitably ad.不可避免地，必然地dominance n.优势，控制，统治assault n.攻击，袭击；(军)冲击，突击，强击parliamentary a.议会的，国会的congressman n.(［复］congressmen) (美)国会议员statistically ad.在统计方面dominant a.占优势的；支配的majority n.多数，大半；多数党，多数派automatically ad.自动地；习惯性地competitor n.竞争者；对手running n.跑，赛跑；竞选inevitable a.不可避免的，必然(发生)的peaceful a.平静的，安宁的；和平的，和平方式的transfer vt./vi.转移；改变 n.转移，传输，变换overturn vt./n.打翻；推翻，颠覆，毁灭 vi.翻身foolproof a.连傻子都懂的；不会出毛病的monopoly n.垄断；专卖opposition n.反对，反抗；对立，意见相反monopolize v.垄断；专卖moderation n.温和，适度；缓和，减轻legislation n.立法；法律，法规temporarily ad.暂时地，临时地break up 打碎；结束；驱散；散开；分解in the running 参赛，参加竞选in power 掌权的，执政的out of power 丧失权力in favour of 赞成，支持；为…的利益，有利于come into power 上台；开始掌权carry on 经营，进行；继续anaesthetics n.麻醉学vaccine n.牛痘苗；疫苗a.牛痘的；疫苗的diabetes n.糖尿病developmental a.发展的，开发的；促使成长的disorder n.混乱；失调，紊乱vt.使混乱；使失调irrelevant a.不相干的，离题的，与…不相干misleading a.引入歧途的；使人误解的irresponsible a.无责任感的，不负责任的unethical a.不合伦理的；不合道德的thalidomide n.［药］萨立多胺replacement n.复位，复职；替换，代替refinement n.精炼，精制simulate vt.假装，冒充；模仿，模拟cell n.细胞；小房间，单人牢房toxicity n.毒性eventual a.最后的，结局的dose n.(一次)剂量replace vt.把…放回(原处)；更换，以…替代tube n.管；电子管，真空管；［英］地铁partly ad.部分地；在一定程度上polio n.［医］脊髓灰质炎，小儿麻痹症biomedical a.生物医学的ethics n.伦理学；伦理观，道德辬准undergo vt.经历，经受；忍受suitable a.合适的；适当的rabbit n.兔litter n.干草；杂乱无章；一窝(仔畜) vt.铺草refine vt./vi.提纯，精制；使改进，变优雅regeneration n.新生，再生，复兴paralyse vt.使麻痹，使瘫痪；使无力，使气馁regrow vt.再生长，重新生长reproduce vt.繁殖；再生产；复制；再现，重现sacrifice to 向…献祭；为…而牺牲；为…而失去do research into 进行…的研究be central to 对…极为重要的do experiment on 用…做实验be irrelevant to 与…不相干；不切题test on 对…进行试验aim for 瞄准；以…为目辬Birmingham 伯明翰(英格兰中部城市)pet n.宠物，爱畜a.宠爱的，表示亲昵的delightful a.令人高兴的；讨人喜欢的humanity n.个性，博爱，仁慈；人类negative a.否定的；负的，阴性的 n.底片；负数remark vt./vi.说，评论，议论 n.评论，看法touching a.动人的，使人感伤的going n.进行状况 a.进行中的；现行的coming a.正在到来的，即将来到的n.来到，到达literal a.精确的，如实的；逐字的，字面的grant vt.同意；准予 n.同意，授予；拨款contented a.满足的，满意的serene a.安详的；宁静的contemplate vt.注视，凝视；沉思plea n.请求，恳求；托词devotion n.献身，忠诚ownership n.拥有；所有权，所有制imperative a.绝对必要的；命令的，强制的；祈使的stricken a.被打中的，被击伤的；受灾的，受侵袭的relief n.(痛苦，压迫等)减轻，宽慰；救济donation n.捐献；赠送afflict vt.使苦恼，折磨deprive vt.夺去，剥夺；使失去(of) individualistic a.个人主义(者)的prevail vi.胜过；流行，盛行starvation n.饥饿；饿死kwashiorkor n.［医］恶性营养不良症deficiency n.缺乏，不足starve vi.饿死；挨饿；极需，渴望 vt.使挨饿sustain vt.支撑，承受住；供养，维持unreasonable a.不讲道理的；不合情理的，过度的bring out 使显现，显示；生产，使产生attach...to 使…与…相关，把…附加到goings and comings 来往；活动，发生的事take...for granted 认为真实；视为当然at ease 自在的，舒适的plea for 恳求；请求not that... 并不是说never for a moment 通常；多半to break in on 打扰；打断，闯进feel bitter at 对…怀恨seize hold of 抓住；占有daydream vi./n.白日做梦symptom n.症状，征兆habitual a.习惯性的，习以为常的；惯常的maladjustment n.失调；不适应环境compensatory a.赔偿的，补偿的equilibrium n.平衡，均衡，相称；均势；平静intellectual n.知识分子 a.智力的，理智的detail n.细节，详情vt.详述，详细说明enhance vt.提高；增强spur vt.激励，鞭策 n.踢马刺；刺激，激励，鼓舞initial a.最初的，开始的；词首的n.首字母inventor n.发明者，创造者waylay vt.伏击；拦住…问讯muse vt./vi./n.沉思，冥想confront vt.面对，遭遇；正视，对抗painter n.漆工；画家sensitivity n.敏感性；灵敏度inner a.内部的，里面的；思想的n.内部；里面reflection n.反射，反映，映像；深思，考虑creativity n.创造性effortless a.不作努力的；不费力的，容易的dreamlike a.梦一般的，梦幻的surrounding n.周围的事物；环境a.周围的character n.性格，品质；特性；人物；符号，(汉)字thinker n.思想家；思考者steadily ad.稳固地；稳定地vividly ad.鲜明地；生动地drift n.漂流；趋势，倾向vi./vt.(使)漂流；漂泊trace n.痕迹，踪迹；微量，少许vt.跟踪，查找undisturbed a.不受干扰的；宁静的tune n.曲调；和谐，协调vt.调音；使合谐，调节midst n.中间，当中prep.(=amidst)在…当中impoverished a.贫困的，赤贫的well-being n.健康；福利，幸福modest a.谦虚的，谦恭的；适中的，不过分的。

专升本大学英语真题2012年2012年福建省高职高专升本科入学考试大学英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，满分150分）答题说明：（1）选择题部分的答案请在答题卡上相应的字母中间划横线，如[A]。

（2）主观题的答案写在答题纸上相应的位置。

注意事项：答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

I.Vocabulary and Structure(45points,1.5foreach)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C,D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1.He is an artist, so these economic terms are not familiar _______him.A.withB.ofC.toD.on2.Did Peter fix the computer himself?——He_______, because he doesn’t know much about computers.A.hasitfixedB.hadfixeditC.haditfixedD.fixedit3.It’s the training that he had as a young Man _______made him such a good architect.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.has4.You must remember to _______all your belongings out of this office today.A.fetchB.take awayC.bingD.take5.They became friends again that day.Until then, they ______to each other for nearly tow years.A.didn’t speakB.hadn’t spokenC.haven’t spokenD.haven’t been speaking6.do you change the cell for your watch?A.How manyB.How oftenC.How littleD.How soon7.The criminal always paid _______ cash , so the police could not track him down.A.onB.byC.forD.in8.It is impossible to_______ with a person whose methods are completely opposed to your own .A.cooperateB.correspondpetepare9.The number of the peopleWho ____cars _______increasing.A.owns,areB.owns,isC.own,isD.own,are10.It’s important that the plan ______a head of schedule.A.should fulfillB.fulifilledC.fulfillD.befulfilled11.There was no much time left , so the teacher just talked about the topic.A.in detailB.in briefC.in shortD.in all12.______to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.A.If he wentB.Were he goneC.Should he have goneD.Had he gone13.He will surely finish the job on time _______ he’s left to do it in his own way.A.in thatB.so long asC.in caseD.as far as14.Many companies are seeking to exploit and develop the richNatural _______in western regions.A.sourcesB.resourcesC.materialsD.power15.his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A.DislikeB.UnlikeC.AlikeD.Liking16.Can you the TV set for me so that it is not too bright ？A.switchB.balanceC.changeD.adjust17.No one except Jack and T om ______ answer.A.konwB.knowsC.is knowingD.are known18.Some local companies are making great efforts to ______with foreign companies for a share of the market.A.connectbinepetepare19.______such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having sufferedB.SufferingC.To sufferD.Suffered20.As it turned out to be a small party,we ______so formally.A.needn’t dress upB.did not need have dressed upC.did not need dress upD.needn’t have dressed up21.Do you need any help,Lucy?Yes,the jobIs ______I could do myself.A.less thanB.more thanC.no more thanD.not more than22.In order to finish the task in time,we must agree______ the specific readers.A.withB.atC.toD.in23.______he referred to in his article was unknown to the general readers.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where24.He did have a lot of factsTo_______ his arguments.A.back upB.bring outC.count onD.confine to25.His movie won several awards at the film festival, _______was beyong his wildest dream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it26.He would rather _________such dishonest business deals.A.to resign than to take part inB.resigning than to take part inC.resign than take part inD.to resigning than taking part inst week,only two people came to look at thehouse, _______wanted to buy it.A.none of themB.both of themC.none of whomD.neither of whom28.He is an outstangingLawyer,_______,he sould have a high status in society.A.thereforeB.becauseC.howeverD.andthan29.______yourbook, and do the work first. You may read itlater.A.Put outB.Put awayC.PutupD.Puton30.It is not difficult to teach _______students.A.smartB.fashionableC.sensitiveD.vitalII.Cloze Test (15points,1for each)Directions:there are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,CandD. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWERSHEET with a single line through the center.Shopping for chothes is not the 31 experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in 32 . He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary33 . All men simplywalk into a shop and ask for what they want. If the shop has it in 34 , the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of 35 it on proceeds at once. And if all 36 well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, With 37 chat and to everyone’s satisfaction.Now how does a woman go out buying clothes? Her shopping is not always 38 on needs. She has 39 fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look 40 .” She is always open to persuasion. Indeed she gets great store bywhat the saleman tells her, ever by what comanions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind 41 the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. 42 to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the look out for the unexpected 43 . Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily 44 an hour going from one rail to another ,often retracting her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laboring process, but apparently a(n) 45 one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.31.A.similar B.different C.same D.time-consuming32.A.detail B.advance C.time D.mind33.A.matter B.thing C.objective D.consideration34.A.sale B.stock C.store D.supply35.A.putting B.testing C.examining D.trying36.A.is B.goes C.happening D.being37.A.hardly B.no C.nor D.seldom38.A.decided B.put C.depended D.based39.A.nevertheless B.already C.never D.yet40.A.round B.about C.at D.for41.A.was B.is C.were D.are42.A.According B.As C.So as D.Contrary43.A.bargain B.fashion C.style D.modee B.cost C.spend D.need45.A.worthwhile B.tolerant C.enjoyable D.tiresomeIII.ReadingComprehension(45points)SectionA(30points,2foreach)Directions:There are three passages in this part. Each of the three passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA,B,CandD. You should decide on the best choice mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWERSHEET with a single line through the center.Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:Colds are very common. The symptoms（症状）of the common colds include a sore throat, runny nose, stuffed-upnose （塞鼻子）, and tiredness. Colds are caused by viruses（病毒），but scientists cannot explain the exact cause. Over dozens of years, scientists have tried to do different experiments to find the cure. Their findings are university the same——— there is no cure. Many people, however believe that they know the cause of and cures for the common cold. For example, they believe that it is possible to get a cold if we get chilled, if we get extra tired, or if we are too close to a person with a cold. In other words, if we want to prevent catching cold, we should stay warm and dry, we should avoid getting too tired, and we should not be in close contact with people who have colds.Meanwhile, there are probably hundreds of “cures” thoughout the world for the common cold. For example, the following suggestions are popularin quite a number of societies: (1)drink plenty of water, （2）get extra rest; （3）take a lot of vitamins（维生素）；（4）take aspirin（阿司匹林）；（5）keep warm，and soon.Each year people spend a lot of money on cold medicines---pills, liquids，lozenges（含片）. But these medicines do not cure colds，they can only relieve cold symptoms. In other words, they make us feel better. Although our human beings cannot cure colds, we have desired to improve our health. Perhaps one day we can find out the ways of curing the common colds. As an ordinary person，we do not know whether the day to find thecure is close to us or not.46.The passage is mainly about______A.looking for the cause of the common coldB.introducing some cures for the common coldC.some general knowledge about the common coldD.new medicines for curing The common cold47.According to the passage, people with colds feel_________A．Stuffy B.tired C.thirsty D.dizzy48.To prevent catching cold, you__________A.should go out on a rainy dayB.should not wash your hair in cold weatherC.should not keep away from a person who has a coldD.should not eat too much49.Which of the following is NOT a “cure” for the commocold？A．Take a lot of vitaminC B．Drink plenty of waterC．Getmorerest D.Put on as many clothes as possible50.Which of the following is TRUE about the common cold?A.There are no medicines that can cure colds.B.There are hundreds of symptoms of the common cold.C.Many people know what causes the commoncold.D.Scientists are close to finding a cure for colds.Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Being happy is just like being fit, with a new guidebook saying you need to practice the skills needed to get this emotion, a little every day, and remain happy even during the darkest time.“Road-testing Happiness: How to be Happier” by Sophie is a self-help book. “Being happy is something you need t o focus on, it doesn’t come as a matter of course.” Scott said. “you always need to make an effort, even if your each the pointof saying, you still need to keep focuing and working on the things that made you happy.” Scott also said the book was born out of her interest in the human’s mind as well as how difficult she found it to cope after her mother died of cancer two years ago.“I was always interested in psychology, but a lot of happiness books don’t tell the fact that you can be happy if your life isn’t going according to plan. The key is managing expectations .”She says, “In the book , I focused on what were the things most likely to make people happy, the ones with the most scientific research.”And before you start thinking that being happy is yet another task and then feel guilty when you don’t do it, Scott said the road to a positive outlook begins with very easy, small steps.“Women today feel overloaded(超负荷)：they’ve got to be thin，got to have a career，got to have a perfect relationship and the las t thing you need is to be thinking you’ve got to be happy all the time.” she said. But it is import ant to improve your quality of life. Stop rushing around and filling each moment of the day with things to do, and then sit down and think about your life a nd how yo u’re feeling. The things I got out of this were not things that take a lot of effort: feeling more grateful for the things I’ve got; modifying my reaction to situations and people. It’s about changing small habits, more tinkering around the edges instead of overhauling your life.”51.By saying“ being happy is just like being fit”, the author really means_______.A.people should practice how to remain happyB.people should spend more time to work outC.keepinghappy is the key to continue our lifeD.it’s difficult for people to keep happy all the time52.Why is Scott unsatisfied with the happiness book written by other writers？A.They are not based on psychological analysisB.There is a lack of scientific facts in these booksC.He wants to show his book is the greatest oneD.They haven’t offered readers completed solutions53.What should we do if we want to remain to be happy in Sott’s opinion?A.Force ourselves to burst into laughter everytimeB.Lower our expectations for ourselves sometimesC.Read more books about out psychological activitiesD.Think that happiness is a very important task to do54.In the last paragraph, Scott suggests that_____A.People should sit down and think of their childhoodB.people shouldn’t work so hard and be so overloadedC.people should chang their attitudes towards daily lifeD.people should take their quality of life for granted55.Which of the following can best reflect Scott’sopinion？A.Happiness lies in our contentmentB.Happiness originates from our successC.A smile always makes a young manughing can make you become fatQuestion 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:For a long time women with HIV（艾滋病病毒）were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men. The gay community （同性恋社区）was very much in sight and vocal（呼声高的）and successfully got support for its cause. Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously highlevel of infection(感染) among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do. In most cases, the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men, however, are usually the ones who have insurance, income and access to doctors. They get care. Women often do not.The discrimination(歧视) against HIV-positive women is simply terrible. They are likely tobe more inactive than men at home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease. This is not at all true. They get it from men. They don’t just simply have HIV. Of course, there’s social discriminatation against all people with HIV. People with HIV,then,are scared that other people will know they are HIV-positive and that they will, therefore ,be discriminated against. For example, it’s very difficult for people with HIV to travel. They are not allowed to enter many countries, including theUnited States，China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is isolation（孤独）. Once a woman knows she’s HIV-positive, she lives in fear that other people will find out. She’s so frightened that she will go into hiding, int o an isolated place by herself. It’s not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone, except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick. But HIV-positive women who get support, who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it—whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nationsto struggle for their rights—are likely to live longer. Active women don’t die out of shame in a corrner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.56.Women with HIV were ignored for a long time because______.A.they didn’t become infected with HIV very oftenB.they didn’t often ask people to support their causeC.the public focused on men who were HIV positiveD.the public thought women could take care of themselves57.Why do women have more trouble with HIV than men do？A．Women are infected more often than menB.Women with AIDS cannot enter some countriesC.Women are not as vocal as men with HIV areD.Women do not take care of themselves as well58.Why are women with HIV discriminated against?A.They are not active at home and don’tworkB.Men don’t like women who are HIV positiveC.They are much weaker than men with HIVD.People think they are the cause of the disease59.The greatest difficulty that HIV-positive women face is______.ck of moneyB.pain of the diseaseC.unemploymentD.keeping to themselves60.What should a women with AIDS keep from doing？A.Getting support from others withAIDSB.Discussing their trouble with their doctors onlyC.Struggling for their rights as people with AIDSD.Making other people frightened of themSectionB Short Answer Questions (15points,3foreach)Directions: Answer each of the questions in less than 10words.How to Talk to Anyone, Anytime, AnywhereI never wanted to be any thing but abroadcaster, a talker. And for 40 years, I’ve been doing just that. To me, the ability to talk well is one of the greatest pleasures in life and can bring with it some of life’s greatest rewards.I’m not saying it’s always easy. But the more you work at it, the easier it will be. To get you started，here are my four basis rules for learning how to talk to anyone, anytime, anywhere: Attitude CountsAfter the failure in Miami, I made a commitment to keep talking even when it might not be comfortable to work at it.The right attitude———the will to talk———is critical to becoming a better talker.I think one reason I’ve had a certain amount of suc cess in broadcasting is that the audience can see I love what I’m doing. You can’t pretend that.Broaden Your HorizonsThe best conversationalists（对话者）are able to talk about issues and experiences beyond their own daily lives. You can expand your world through travel, but you can also do it without leaving your own backyard. Exchanging ideas with people who have backgrounds different from your own can help improve your conversational skills and your thinking.Keep It LightOne of my most important rules of conversation is never to stay too serious for too long. Similarly, a key quality I look for in a potential guest is a sense of humor. If the guest is not afraid ofmaking fun of himself/herself, it is most appealing to the audience.Be GenuineAnybody I’ve ever talked to for more than a few minutes knowns at least two things about me: I’m from Brooklyn, NewYork, and I’m Jewish(犹太人). That’s because I’m deeply proud of both. You should be as open and honest with your conversational partners as you’d wa nt them to be with you, willing to reveal what your background is and what your likes and dislikes are. That’s part of the give-and-take of conversation, part of getting to know people.Whether you‘re talking to one person or a million, the rules are the same: it’s all about making a connection. If you follow all these rules given in the passage, you can become a master of talk.61.The author regards the ability to_____________ as one of the greatest pleasures in life.62.The passage gives four basic rules for learning how to talk to__________________.63.The author thinks the right attitude,_______________, is critical to becoming a better talker.64.Exchanging ideas with people of different backgrounds will help improve our ____________and ourthinking.65.If we follow all these rules given in the passag, we will certainly become___________________.IV.Translation(20points,4foreach)Directions:In this part, there are five items which you are required to translate into Chinese, theses entences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.66.In other words, if we want to prevent catching cold, we should stay warm and dry, we should avoid getting too tired, and we should not be in close contact with people who have colds.________________________________________________________________ _______________ 67.Being happy is just like being fit, with a new guidebook saying you need to practice the skills needed to get this emotion, a little every day, and remain happy even during the darkest time.________________________________________________________________ _______________68.I was always interested in psychology, but a lot of happiness books don’t tell the fact t hat you can be happy if your life isn’t going according to plan. T he key is managing expectations .________________________________________________________________ _______________ 69.Of course, there’s social discriminatation against all people with HIV. P eople with HIV, then, are scared that other people will know they are HIV-positive and that they will, therefore ,be discriminated against.________________________________________________________________ _______________ 70.But HIV-positive women who get support, who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it—whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights—are likely to live longer.________________________________________________________________ _______________ V.Writing(25points)Directions:For this part you are to write a letter. Suppose you were XiaoLi. Write a lerrer to XiaoWang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the holiday. You should write atleast 100 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese.(根据下面的两点中文提示,写一封不少于100个英文单词的书信)1.表示欢迎。

江苏省 2012 年普通高校专转本统一英语考试第一卷（共100 分）Part I Reading Comprehension( 共 20 题，每题 2 分，共40 分 )Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.American researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. The technique stops the AIDS virus from attacking its target-cells in the body's defense system. When AIDS virus enters the blood,it searches for blood cells called T4 lymphocytes （淋巴细胞） . The virus connects to the outside of T4 lymphocytes,then forces its way inside. There it directs the cells' genetic （基因的）material to produce copies of the AIDS virus. This is how AIDS spreads.Researchers think they may be able to stop AIDS from spreading by preventing virus from connecting to T4 cells. When AIDS virus finds a T4 cell,it actually connects to a part of the cell called CD4 protein.Researchers want to fool the virus by putting copies or clones of the CD4 protein into the blood. This way the AIDS virus will connect to the cloned protein instead of the real ones. Scientists use the genetic engineering methods to make the clones. Normally a CD4 protein remains on the T4 cell at all times. The AIDS virus must go toit.In a new technique, however, the cloned CD4 protein is not connected to a cell. It floats freely, so many more can be put into the blood to keep the AIDS virus away from real CD4 proteins onT4 cells. One report says the AIDS virus connects to the cloned proteins j ust as effectively as to real protein. That report was based on tests with blood cells grown in labs. The technique is just now beginning t o be tested in animals. If successful, it may be tested in humans within a year.1. The new technique can ________.A. cure AIDSB. kill the AIDS virusC. prevent the AIDS virus from spreadingD. produce new medicines for AIDS2. When the AIDS virus enters the blood, it is reproduced by ________.A. the inside of the virus itselfB. any blood cells in the bodyC. the CD4 proteinD. the genetic material of T4 cells3 The AIDS virus connects to cloned proteins instead of to the real ones because ________.A.the cloned proteins stay on the T4 cellsB.the cloned proteins can float freely in the bloodC.it connects to cloned proteins more effectively than to the real onesD.the cloned proteins are made by genetic engineering methods4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The new technique has been tested in labs.B. The new technique is being tested in animals.C. The new technique may be tested in humans.D. The new technique is now under clinical test.5 Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. AIDS---a Fatal Disease.B. A New Technique in fighting AIDS.C. A Report on the Spread of AIDS Virus.D. The Technique of Cloned CD4 Protein.Passage TWOQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.During the early ears of last century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada.When the crops were good, the economy was good; when the crops failed, there was depression. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they wee growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation. War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative（投机的） grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, but farmers could not wait for markets to improve.It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts werecoming due( 到期 )， only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, producer groups asked for firmer controls, but governments had no wish to become involved, atleast not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild.Anxious to check( 控制 ) inflation( 通货膨胀 ) and rising living costs, the federal government appointed a board( 董事会 ) of grainsupervisors to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended (暂停 ) and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919, the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with full authority to buy, sell, and set prices.6. The author uses the term“ lifeblood” (Line1, para1.) to indicate that wheat. wasA. difficult to produce in large quantitiesB. was easily affected by animals and plantsC. essential to the health of the countryD. expensive to gather and transport7.According to the passage, most farmers ’debts had to be paid __________. A. when the autumn harvest had just been completedB. because wheat prices were highC. as soon as the Winnipeg Grain Exchange demanded payment D, when crop failure caused depression8.According to the passage, wheat prices became uncontrolled because of conditions caused by _____.A. farmersB. supervisorsC. weatherD. war9. The word“ check” (Line 1, Para.3) could best be replaced by which of the following?A. controlB. investigateC. financeD. reinforce10.According to the passage, a preliminary step in the creation of the Canadian Wheat Boardwas the appointment of ______.A. the Winnipeg Grain ExchangeB. a board of supervisorsC. several producer groupsD. a new governmentPassage ThreeQuestions 10 to 15 are based on the following passage.Yellowstone Park is visited by two million people every summer and is the oldest, largest and most visited wilderness in the world. All are welcome and are invited on arrival to leave their cars and explore on foot. Yellowstone, a national park for ever 100 years, lies in the State of Wyoming, to the east of the Rocky Mountain. It is also in the center of the North American continent, midway between the equator and the North Pole, at a height of over 2300 meters. The very cold winter in this area closes the park around mid-November and lasts until April or even May. In February thetemperature falls as low as 60F degree below freezing, and the animals that spend winter in the park are best able to live in the conditions such as bison, wapiti, beavers and otters. Fortunately, the area around the hot springs and geysers becomes a centrally heated oasis(绿洲 ) in the desert ofsnow, providing warmth and a certain mount of food for the animals. Bison used to go around theplains in their millions until they were hunted almost to extinction( 灭绝 ) by white men with guns. In1900 only two dozen of them remained in the park. However, since they become a protectedanimal, their numbers have risen to over two thousand. The end of winter is the most dangeroustime for the animals as food becomes even less and they take great risks( 冒险 ) to find it, such as walking across thin ice. This period is known as“ winterkill weak”,whenand themanyoldof the die, often from being too tired out, thus providing food for scavengers such as the coyote (a kindof wolf). With the arrival of summer, plants reappear and the animals fill themselves with rich food. The young grow strong and the tourists return to enjoy the warmth or 4 months before Yellowstone Park freezes over again.11 Bison used to go in danger. With the protection, the number is ________ now.A. falling downB. going upC. staying the sameD. becomingless12The Rocky Mountains are _____________A. in the center of WyomingB. to the west of Yellowstone ParkC. in the north of Yellowstone ParkD. to the east of Yellowstone Park13Which of the following is NOT an animal?A. otterB. beaverC. geysersD. coyote14.At the end of the 19th century_______________.A. bison ran around the plains in their millionsB. bison were hunted almost to extinctionC. bison became a kind of protected animalD. their number rose more than 20015.From the text, we can know that“ scavengers in the last paragraph are_______________A.animals which feed on other dead animalsB.places where water comes naturally from the groundC. birds which live in grass seedsD. animals which always eat as much as possiblePassage FourQuestions 15 to 20 are based on the following passage.What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist( 乐观者 ), a leader, an active person who enjoy life, people and excitement. Do you prefergrays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If youlove green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people tosee you are successful. At least this is what psychologist( 心理学家 ) tell us and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect thatcolors have on human beings. They tell us that we don ’t choose our favourite color as we grow up.If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a darkgreen one, and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand,black is depressing( 压抑 ). Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. Itis a fact that factory workers work better, harder and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray. Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember also that you willknow your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors theylike and dislike. And don ’t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief or a lampshade.16. From this passage we learn that an active person would prefer those colors________.A. red, green and yellowB. gray, blue or darkC. orange, yellow or redD. yellow,orange or red17 bright colored room can _______ one’ s mood.A. depressB. brightC. happyD. cheer up18Knowing the color preference can help one ____________ in their social life.A. understand the other people moreB. affect other people moreC. cheer up other people moreD. study better19In a factory, in order to reduce accidents or make the workers morehappily, it is better to have the machines painted________.A. redB. whiteC. grayD. orange20． The main idea of this passage is_________.A. one ’ s color preference shows one’ s characterB you can brighten your life with wonderful colorsC.psychologists have been studying the meaning of color preferenceD.one ’colors preference has something to do with his character and colors have effects on human beingsPart II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题，每小题 1 分，共40 分 )Directions; In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer sheet.21．—My best friend ’ s in a bad mood.— How about ________ her some flowers?A. givingB. givenC. to giveD. give 22． On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle, ________ was made in Japan.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. what 23． The news came as no surprise to me, for I ________ of it earlier.A. hearB. heardC. have heardD. had heard24．—Why are they pulling down the houses?— ________ a new parking lot.A. BuildB. To buildC. BuildingD. Built 25． I ________ on a sofa because my parents have come for the weekend.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. have sleptD. am sleepingst winter was extremely cold. , most people say it was the coldest winter of their lives.A.At lastB. As a resultC. In a wordD. In fact27.I passed by the sports field the other day,_______there was a football match going on then.A.thatB. whereC. winchD. when28.It was a great party, thank you. But Jill, why___ youmore friends to come?A.haven ’ t⋯invitedB. don ’ t⋯inviteC.didn ’ t⋯viteinD. won ’ t⋯invite29.He failed the mid-term examination and only then_______how much time he had wasted.A.he realizedB. did he realizeC. he had realizedD. had he realized30.I hadentered the classroom when I noticed the headmaster was sitting at the back.A.stillB. yetC. soonerD. hardly 31． The most popular food for foreigners ________ on any menu in Beijing is roast duck.A. includeB. includingC. to includeD. included32． The mother, along with her two daughters,________ from the sinking aircraft by a passing ship.A. have rescuedB. have been rescuedC. has rescuedD.has been rescued33． ________ every mistake you make, you ’ ll lose half a mark.A. ForB. AtC. ToD. By34． This painting is splendid, but ________ we actually need it is a different matter.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. how35． Thank you, but I ’ll have to ________ your offer.A. turn awayB. turn downC. turn backD. turn off36． It was with great joy _______he received the news that his best friend would come to Beijing ．A ． becauseB ．which C． since D． that37．Jane went off to the party with her husband, _______ a happy evening of wine, food and song．A ． expected B ．expecting C． to expect D． expects38．— Excuse me． Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?—Sorry, I’ m not sure．But it _______ be．A ． mightB ．will C． must D． can39． Shirley said that she would have a two-week holiday in July, ______ I think, is impossible．A ． it B ．that C． when D． which40． Although she doesn’ t like to live in the country, ______ , she goes there for a picnic．A ． once upon a timeB ．some time C． once in a while D． from now on41.---- Are we about to have a dinner?--- Yes, it ________ in the dinning room.A. is being servedB. is servingC. has servedD.has been serving42. ---- I ’ d likeot buy an expensive sports car.---- Well, Mike, we have got several models_________.A. to be chosen fromB. to chooseC. to choose fromD. to be chosen43. A fence at the back of the garden _______ us from the neighbours.A. separatedB. dividedC. concludedD. connected44. There is a _______ between two acts in the play.A. stopB. timeC. breakD. end45.---- Is your camera like Bill’ s and Ann ’ s?---- No, but it’ s almost the same as ________.A. herB. yoursC. themD. their46.A thief is a danger to _______.A. societyB. the societyC. societiesD. a society47.The cost of one day in the hospital in this city can run _______ 250 dollars.A. as high toB. so high toC. so high asD. as high as48.If you keep on, you’ ll succeed ________.A. in timeB. at one timeC. at the same timeD. on time49.Is ______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. nowB. manC. thatD. it50.The plant is dead. I _______ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given51.__________ this material can be used in our factory has not been studied yet.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whether52._______ school_______ it began raining.A. As soon as we reached; thenB. As soon as we had reached; thenC. No sooner did we reach; whenD. No sooner had we reached; then53.If it _______ fine tomorrow, we would go for a swim in the sea.A. will beB. should beC. isD. were to54.The boy you referred _____ is far ahead ______ everyone else in the class.A. to; toB. to; ofC. at; withD. at; from55.---- How’ s the young man?---- _______________.A. He is twentyB. He ’ s a doctorC. He ’ s much betterD.He’ s David56.As soon as he entered the room, he took ________ his cap and sat down.A. offB. outC. awayD. down57.----What are you doing?---- I ’ m looking ________ the children. They should be back for lunch now.A. afterB. atC. forD. up58.The teacher told the class to _________ their books.A. put awayB. put byC. put onD. put up59.I asked him to _______ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems.A. spendB. saveC. spareD. share60.Mother __________ us stories when we were young.A. was used to tellB. is used to tellingC. used to tellD. used to tellingPart Three Cloze (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分20 分 )Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark your answer on theAnswer Sheet.What makes a child speak a language has long been a puzzle to linguists (语言学家 ).61 speaking, there are two schools of linguists, both of62try to explain63 a child picksup a language so easily. The fact that a child picks up a language64is surprising:at one year old, a child is able to65"bye-bye"; at two, he is able to use fifty words; by three he begins to66tenses. The famous American linguist Noam Chomsky 67that human beings have a sort of built-in system for language use, and that the 68is only secondary. Children are not taught language69they are taught arithmetic. Other linguists,70,hold the view that a child learns71of his language from the hints in the environment.72, theorists of both schools 73that there is a biological basis for language and language use. The 74is which is more important, the inner ability or the environment. This is certainly a field75 to be explored. Researchers from both schools are busy finding evidence to76their own theory, but77side is persuading the other. It seems that in order to78why a child learns a language so easily, we have to79the joint efforts of both schools. Some linguists, like De Villiers, have recognized the value of cooperation, and80linguists of both sides to work together.61.A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Properly D. Roughly62.A. them B. who C. whom D. which63.A. that B. when C why D. how64.A. independently B. naturally C. without help D. with ease65.A. speak B. say C. wave D. respond66.A. master B. study C. have D. get67.A. doubts B. believes C. realizes D. criticizes68.A. help B. teacher C. environment D. hint69.A. as B. for C. when D. though70.A. in particular B. as a result C. however D. therefore71.A. a little B. some C. nothing D. most72.A. Before B. From now on C. Just now D. By now73 A. suspect B. disagree C. agree D. realize74 A. case B. quarrel C. problem D. question75 A. waiting B. planning C. never D. unlikely76 A. provide B. create C. supply D. support77 A. not a B. one C. neither D. either78.A. find out B. rule put' C. search for D. look for79 A. get rid of B. trust in C. rely on D. persist in80A. ordered B. criticized C. challenged D. urged第 II卷（共 50分）Part IV Translation (共35分 )Section A ( 共 5 小题，每小题 4 分，共20分 )81merican researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. （ Passage one）82t had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due( 到期 ) (Passage Two)83Park is visited by two million people every summer and is the oldest, largest and mostvisited wilderness in the world. (Passage Three)84because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings.(Passage Four)85 Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.(Passage Five) Section B ( 共 5 小，每小 3 分，共15 分 )Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.86打我，我在正忙于做划呢。