Unit 1
1. metaphors of highway and frontiers
2. 无边无际的虚拟空间
3. capture the popular imagination
4.规范网页和网站
5.interprete the nature of cyberspace
6. 政客们实施的标准
7. sign up for subscription
8. 限制孩子光临某些网站
9.cause conflict in the terrestrial communities
10.干涉别人的爱好
1. leave behind: 丢弃，抛弃,遗留，落后，遗忘
In their withdrawal, much of the heavy equipment had to be left behind.
在撤退时，他们不得不把许多重型装备丢弃。
The last government has left behind a long train of problems. 上届政府遗留下一大堆问题。You have to follow closely if you want to avoid being left behind.
你如果不想落在后面，就得紧紧跟随。
I’ll leave behind these little details for you to settle.这些细枝末节我留待你去解决了。
leave aside/alone/out
2. preside: vi. 管辖，掌管, 主持
preside over /at a meeting 主持会议
preside at tea 招待客人吃茶点
The general manager presides over the business of this store. 总经理亲自管理这家店的业务。
3. evolve: vi. /vt. 发展, 演变，经历逐渐的变化过程
The simple idea evolved into a complicated scheme.
The complicated scheme evolved from a simple idea.
They evolved a new system to run the company
evolution: the evolution of man
4, affluent adj. 富裕的,富足的近义词: abundant, ample, rich, wealthy
affluent suburbs with large houses and tree lined streets房子宽敞，街道绿树成荫的的富裕郊区We live in an affluent society. 我们生活在一个富裕的社会中。
affluent n. 支流近义词: offshoot, anabranch , distributary
The river that cuts across the park is an affluent of the Yangtze River.
5. constraint n. 限制，约束，压抑，抑制; 强制力, 强迫近义词：restraint
She is soon tired of the constraint of military life. 她很快厌倦了军事生活的约束。
Financial constraints limited her choice of accommodation.
财力有限使得她不能随意选择住处。
She doesn’t like to do things under constraint.她不喜欢在别人强迫下去做事情。
6. (1) prosper 成功，兴旺，发达，繁荣近义词: boom, thrive, flourish
His father was no longer prospering in business. 他父亲的生意不再兴旺发达了。
The farm prospered through good management. 由于管理有方，农场兴旺发达。
(2) 健康成长，顺利发展，蓬勃发展
The child seemed to prosper under their care. 在他们的照管下，孩子看来在健康的成长
Are you prospering? 你最近事情都顺利吗?
7. (1) wither vt./vi. 枯萎，消失同义词：shrivel, shrink
The cold withered the leaves. 严寒使树叶凋落。
The grapes withered on the vine. 葡萄藤上的葡萄都枯萎了。
(2) 黯淡无光，没有生命力近义词：fade
All our achievements wither before hers. 我们所有的成绩和她获得的相比都黯然失色。
Remove an old tree and it will wither to death. 老树移栽活不了，老人迁居命不长。
8. haven n. a shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary避难所,庇护所,港湾
近义词：refuge , shelter
They have made their home a haven for the homeless orphans.
他们把自己的家变成了无家可归的孤儿们的避难所。
The border region used to be a natural haven for criminals. 边境地区曾是罪犯们的天然避难所.
haven v. to shelter, protect 庇护
You shouldn’t ha ven your child if he has really done something wrong.
如果你的小孩真的做了什么错事的话你就不应该庇护他。
9. (1) sanction （正式的）认可、核准，认许近义词: countenance, endorsement, authorization The book was translated without the sanction of the author. 这本书未经作者许可就给翻译了。The minister can only act in this matter with the sanction of President.
部长只有得到总统批准才能就此事采取行动.
(2). 制定，制裁，规则
Western nations imposed tough sanctions on the country.
西方各国对这个国家实行了严厉制裁。
administrative sanction 行政制裁official sanction 官方的认可；同意
10. cater to/for 供应伙食; 迎合…的需要,迎合…的口味
Who caters at your daughter’s wedding
Serious newspapers do not cater to/for people‘s love of scandal.
严肃报纸不去迎合人们对丑闻的爱好。
Our literature and art ought to cater to popular taste. 我们的文艺必须为大众所喜闻乐见。
Now auto engineers are catering to buyers. 目前汽车工程师正在想办法迎合买主。
11. hanker for 渴望得到，热切希望
This wet summer makes him hanker after a holiday in the sun.
潮湿多雨的夏天使他渴望度一个阳光明媚的假期。
Lucy had always hankered after a place of her own. 露西一直都渴望拥有自己的住处。
12. at hand 附近, 临近
He lives just close at hand. 他就住在附近.
I haven‘t my photo album at hand, but I’ll show you later.
我的照簿不在手边，以后我再拿给你看。
Election day is at hand. 大选之日马上就要到来。
Unit 2
1. 房租每月500元，包括水、电、暖气费和有线电视。（inclusive of)
The rent is 500 RMB a month, inclusive of water, electricity, heating and cable TV.
2. 注脚的解释使这一难句容易明了。(clarify)
The explanation in the footnote clarified the difficult sentence.
3. 被剥夺了公民权后，爱因斯坦不得不逃出德国。（deprive of)
After having been deprived of citizen right, Einstein had to escape from Germany.
4. 她的安慰分散了我的注意力，让我暂时忘记了这些烦恼。（distract）
Her comfort managed to distract me from these annoyance for a while.
5.这是西方价值观对一种已存在几千年的文化的侵袭。(intrusion…on)
This is the intrusion of Western values on a culture that has existed for centuries.
1. distract vt.分散（注意力等，使分心）
这部影片分散了我的注意力，让我暂时忘记了这些难题。
The film managed to distract me from these problems for a while.
distract vt. 弄糊涂，使心神不安，担心……
He was distracted between two objects. 他被这两件东西所迷惑。
Grief distracted him. 悲伤使他精神错乱。
2. reassured vt.安慰，使……放心
They need to be reassured by parents and teachers that
they are still wanted.
他们需要由家长和教师再三给以保证，使之相信他们不是多余的。
His words reassured me. 听了他的话我释然了。
The police reassured her about the child's safety.
警察让她放心，她的孩子很安全。
3. intrusion. (讨厌的事或人的)干扰，侵扰~ into/on/upon
I resented this intrusion into my domestic affairs. 我讨厌这种对我家事的干扰。
This is the intrusion of Western values on a culture that has existed for centuries.
这是西方价值观对一种已存在几百年的文化的侵袭。
intrude v. (into/on/upon) 闯入，侵入，侵扰，把…强加于
A translator shouldn't intrude his own opinions into what he's translating.
译者不应该擅自把自己的意思加进译文中。
He had no wish to intrude on their privacy. 他原本就不想触犯他们私人活动的自由。4. inclusive. adj. 包括的，包含的
Reserve double room, June fourth to tenth inclusive. 预订双人房间，六月四日至十日
an all-inclusive charge 包括一切费用在内的价格
inclusive of
房租每星期50元，包括暖气费和照明费
The rent is 50 RMB a week, inclusive of heating and lighting .
The monthly rent is $20 inclusive of everything. 月房租总共二十美元，包括一切费用在内。
5. clarify vt. 讲清楚，阐明近义词：clear up, elucidate
The teacher's explanation clarify the puzzling problem. 老师的说明澄清了困扰的问题。
I hope that what I say will clarify the situation. 我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。The explanation in the footnote clarified the difficult sentence.
注脚的解释使这一难句容易明了。
6. Frustrate vt. 挫败，阻挠; 使得某人恼怒，灰心丧气
The terrible weather frustrated our hopes of going out.
恶劣的天气使我们外出的愿望无法实现。
Their attempts to speak to him were frustrated by the guards .
他们想跟他说话，但被警卫拦住了。
I'm feeling rather frustrated in my present job; I need a change.
我感到现在干得很不顺心，需要换一换工作。
He was frustrated by his poverty. 他因贫穷而灰心丧气。
7. deprive V. (~ sb. Of sth. )剥夺，使丧失; 使不能享有
近义词：strip, divest
If you do not drive carefully, I shall be obliged to deprive you of your license.
如果您不谨慎驾驶，我将不得不没收您的执照。
What will a student do if he were deprived of his books?
一个学生如果没有了书籍，将怎么办？
The trees outside the windows deprive the house of light.
窗外的树木把房子遮挡得暗然无光。
Sickness deprived me of the pleasure of meeting you. 疾病使得我未能和你经常欢聚。
8. show up: 露面，出现
show sb. the way: 给……指路；给……做个样子(榜样)
show sb. the door: 让……离开
show one’s colors: 说出真实意图
give the show away: 泄露天机
9. in all senses: 从任何意义上说
in a/one/sense: 从某种意义上说
in no sense: 决不（是）
make sense: 讲得通，有意义
make sense of sth...: 理解，弄懂……的意思
come to one’s sense s: 恢复理性
一位健谈的客人 a talkative guest
对婚姻造成破坏wreak havoc with marriage
为陪伴家人而放弃发展事业的机会to give up the chance for a career to accompany the family 交谈伴侣conversational partner
交际的标准interactive norms
跨文化交流cross-cultural communication
建立并保持友谊create and maintain friendship
维系关系的纽带cement that binds relationship
问一些刨根问底的问题ask some probing questions
把倾听者的回应声理解为不耐烦interpret listener-noise as impatience
保护自己免受别人的压制和摆布protect oneself from being put down and pushed around
危及婚姻的问题problems that endanger marriage
Unite 4
1. Accelerate vi. (使)加快，加速反义词decelerate
The car accelerated as it overtook me. 那辆汽车一加速就超越了我。
The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners accelerate.
领先者在其余赛跑者加速时就逐渐失去了优势。
vt. (正式)使加快，促进，提前
China is accelerating its economic development. 中国的经济发展速度正在加快。
to accelerate the educational system reform加快教育体制改革
2. apt adj. 有..倾向的，易于……的; 适当的，恰当的
近义be inclined to/tend to
This kind of shoe is apt to slip on wet ground. 这种鞋在湿地上容易打滑。
It's apt to rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能下雨。
an apt remark 适当的话
例题:
The words were all __ and well chosen.
A. suitable
B. appropriate
C. apt
D. fit
3. benign adj. 慈祥的，和蔼的，亲切的，温和的
a benign nature/smile
和善的性情/微笑
The benign weather brought North America a bumper crop.
温和的气候给北美带来大丰收。
adj.(医) 疾病无致命危险的，非恶性的，良性的
A benign tumor will not cause you any fatal harm.
良性肿瘤不会对你有致命的伤害。
例题：
This is a __ tumour, so you don’t have to be worried about it.
A. good
B. king
C. benevolent
D. benign
4. bristle n. 短而硬的毛发
e.g. His chin was covered with bristles. 他的下巴长满了胡子茬。
v. （因愤怒等原因毛发）竖立，硬挺; （比喻义）怒发冲冠
The dog’s hair bristled (up) when the visitors came to the door.
访者走近大门时,那条狗的毛都竖起来了。
They bristled (with anger) at his denigrating description of their activities.
听到他在污蔑他们的活动，他们都怒发冲冠。
5. complacent adj. 自满，自鸣得意(n. complacency)
a complacent smile 洋洋自得的微笑
He had become complacent after years of success. 成功多年后他变得自我满足起来。
After so many wins we grew complacent and thought we’d never lose—so of course we lost the next match.
赢了许多场以后，我们得意忘形了，以为我们决不会输，因此我们在接下来的比赛中当然就输了。
6. resort n. 度假地，旅游胜地
e.g. a health resort 疗养地
n. 诉诸，求助，采取
If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to have resort to force.
如果这个问题不能得到合理的解决，诉诸武力可能是必要的了.
As a last resort, we could borrow more money from the bank.
作为最后的手段，我们可以向银行再借点钱。
vi. 采取，诉诸，求助于(通常为不好的事物)
You should resort to your parents. 你应该求助于你的父母。
7. interval n. 不时；时时；每隔一会儿
e.g. at regular intervals每隔一定时间
Rain fell at intervals throughout the night. 雨断断续续下了一整夜。
at intervals of: 每隔……时间/距离
e.g. The bell rang at intervals of half an hour. 钟每隔半个小时敲响一次。
There seeds are planted at intervals of three inches. 这些种子的播种间隔为3英寸。
8. come off 举行，进行，发生
e.g. The wedding came off as planned. 婚礼按计划举行了。
成功，达到预期的效果
e.g. It was a clever joke but it didn’t quite come of
f. 那消化不错，可惜没有达到预期的效果。结果是……，成为……
e.g. She came off rather badly in the debate. 她在辩论赛中输的很惨。
Come off it! 别胡说了，别撒谎了，别装蒜了
e.g. Now come off it. I never said that. 行了，别胡说了，我从来没那么说过。
9. take in 接待(某人)留宿
e.g. He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in.
他没有地方可睡于是我们提出让他留宿。
to include 包含，包括
e.g. This is the total cost of the holiday taking everything in.
这是度假的全部费用，一切都包括在内。
to make (clothes) narrower 把（衣服）改窄
e.g. My dress is a bit loose round the waist—could you take it in for me?
我衣服的腰围有点宽松，你能帮我改窄一些吗?
to understand fully; grasp 充分理解，掌握
e.g. It took me a long time to take in what you were saying.
我费了好长时间才弄明白你所说的话。
to deceive 欺瞒，欺骗
e.g. Don’t be taken in by his promises.不要被他的许诺所蒙骗。
10. drop
drop behind: fall behind 落后
e.g. John and Jack had dropped behind in order to be alone and have a talk.
为了能单独在一起谈谈，约翰和杰克故意走在别人后面。
drop by: stop in for a short visit 顺便看望(某人)，顺便到(某处)
e.g. Don't forget to drop by at the gas station. 别忘了到煤气站去看看。
drop in: come in for a short visit 来访，到……家里来
e.g. Let's drop in on Nick when we're in Bristol, shall we?
咱们在布里斯托尔的时候，去看看尼克，好吗？
drop off: decrease; fall asleep 下降；脱落，掉下；打盹
e.g. Business dropped off sharply during the recession. 在经济衰退期间，生意大大减少了。
11. drag
drag in: 硬扯进(不相干的话题)
e.g. No matter what we talk about, Jim drags in politics.
无论我们谈什么，吉姆总要插嘴谈及政治。
drag into (doing sth.): 勉强某人做某事
e.g. She had to be dragged into seeing the dentist.
要她去牙科医生那里看病非得生拉硬拽不可。
drag on: 缓慢进行，沉闷无味地进行
e.g. Let's not drag on this discussion, we've got to reach a decision.
这场讨论别拖下去了，我们得作个决定。
drag up: (无端地)提起往事；马马虎虎把孩子拉扯大
e.g. The newspapers keep dragging up the politician's mistake.
报纸小题大做，一再提起那位政治家的过失。
12. break
break away (from): 突然离开；放弃，改掉(习惯)
e.g. Can't you break away from old habits? 你不能戒除旧习惯吗?
break down: 出毛病；(健康或精神)崩溃
e.g. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. 双方谈判已经破裂。
break in(to): 突然闯入；打断
e.g. The thieves planned to break into a bank. 行窃者计划洗劫银行。
break off: 突然停止，中断
e.g. He broke off in the middle of a sentence. 他一句话只说了一半就停住了。
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程(汉译英Unit1-15) Unit 1 B. 1. 她计划自己创业。 She plans to set up her own business 2. 态度也很重要。 Attitude also matters. 3. 她在客人们到达之前把所有家具都擦亮了. She had polished all the furniture before the gusts arrived. 4. 有些经理不知道如何与人打交道handle Some managers have no idea how to handle people. 5.我们完成那项工程的时间打破了记录(record) We finished the work in record time. 6. 她喜欢东西都摆好以后再开始工作。She likes everything to be in place before she starts working. 7. 她常常一天工作12小时。（put in） She often puts in 12 hours’ work a day. 8. 他是从报纸上得到这一信息的.（acquire） He acquired the information from the newspapers. 9. 我们部门有一个助理的职位空缺. ( Associate professor 副教授lecturer 讲师) There’s an opening for an assistant in our department. 10. 该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊. The organization works to promote friendship between nations. Unit2 B. 1. 今晚她很可能给我打电话。（likely） She is very likely to ring me tonight. 2. 我看不懂这篇文章（beyond） Understanding this article is beyond my capacity. 3. 新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新（transform） A fresh coat of paint can transform a room. 4. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。（result in） Acting before thinking always results in failure. 5. 他估计那项工作需要三个月。（estimate） He estimated that the work would take three months. 6. 我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。 We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries. 7. 新机场必将推动这个地区的旅行业。 The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region. 8. 网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。 Net economy will have significant influence on the people’s life. 9. 在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。 At the yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development.
1.1 What we do in the next two to three years will determine our future. This is the defining moment. 2 some of the dire projections may not occur, but in light of the warnings from our best scientists, it will be beyond irresponsible to take that bet. 3By badly disrupting that envelope, we adversely affect every dimension of human well-being that is tied to the environment. 4 In 2004, Swiss Re warned in a report that the costs of natural disasters, aggravated by climate change, threatened to double to150 billon a year in 10 years. 5The threat of this major disruption coming from a number of factors, including the increased costs of damage from extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, heat waves, and major storms. 6 Stern also points to the consequences of climate change on the environment and on human health as economic growth and productivity suffer under the weight of degrading environmental conditions. 7Moreover, we would incur a very large opportunity cost, having lost out on the chance to become the economic leader in developing alternative and more efficient uses of energy. 4.1In recent years the mushrooming power, functionality and ubiquity of computers and the Internet have outstripped early forecasts about technology’s ra te of advancement and usefulness in everyday life. 2Alert pundits now foresee a world saturated with powerful computer chips, which will increasingly insinuate themselves into our gadgets, dwellings, apparel and even our bodies. 3In light of what I have just described as a history of largely unfulfilled goals in robotics, why do I believe that rapid progress and stunning accomplishments are in the offing? 4Properly educated, the resulting robots will become quite formidable. In fact, I am sure they will outperform us in any conceivable area of endeavor, intellectual or physical. 5 Human will play a pivotal role in formulating the intricate complex of laws that will govern corporate behavior. 5.1Sundown had seen his pockets empty before, but sunrise had always seen them lined. 2Along came a youngster of five, headed for the dispensary, stepping high with the consequence of a big errand, possibly one to which his advancing age had earned him promotion. 3 Content, light-hearted, ironical, keenly philosophic, he watched the moon drifting in and out amidst a maze of flying clouds. 4People’s money must be spent to advance their priorities, not to line pockets of contractors or to maintain projects that don’t work. 5 They had entered a maze of fences, through which they twisted and turned for a long time before finally finding their way out again. 7.1 Through necessity, I was entering a club more viewers are joining by choice: the post television society. 2Unless you got proactive with VCR, you did not copy, carry or remix what you saw. This was why mass media were culturally unifying: those moments that mattered, we all saw in exactly the same way. 3Why sit through 90 minutes waiting for the good bits when an army of online editors will separate the wit from the chaff? 8.1But amid this gloom, there’s buzz about consumers’ shifting demand toward ‘green homes’---and how builders with this expertise remain busy despite the bust. 2.It’s taken almost as a fait accompli,that green building is where the market is headed. 3.If there is a downside to this trend, it may be the growing numbers of green homeowners who’ll brag about low utility bills the way golfers boast of low golf scores.
0501 戒严与其说是个人的选择, 不如说是对自己毅力的考验, 因为人们普遍认为吸烟是上瘾的. 尽管专家的建议和药物疗法确实能增加永久戒严的可能性, 但是避免这种困境的最好的方法就是不要涉猎吸烟. 吸烟的负面影响在各个程度上是不同的, 它与吸烟的数量以及烟龄的长短, 还有开始吸烟的年龄有关. 这份报告向以下观点提出了质疑, 这种观点认为吸烟几年不会产生永久的危害性的后果. 我们希望阻止这种普遍的但是却是生死攸关的习惯, 并且提醒大家戒烟的时间越长, 和吸烟有关的健康问题就会大幅度地减少. It is increasingly realized that ( There is a growing realization /awareness that ) developing environment-protecting products really count. To fulfill the long-term and substantial development, developed countries should at all costs decrease the emission of greenhouse gases. If the speed of global warming nowadays continues, the probability of disappearance from the earth to such big cities as Tokyo and London will be 10 times as fast as that of 20 years ago. 0506 本书是在全国不同学校讲课几十年的结晶.它基于以下观
Unit2READINGMORE "Light,refined,learnedandnoble,harmoniousandorderly,clearandlogical,thecooking ofFranceis,insomestrangemanner,intimatelylinkedtothegeniusofhergreatestmen." --MarcelRouff,Frenchjournalistandwriter ACUISINECRISIS 1WhatcouldbemoreFrenchthananoutdoormarketonasunnySundaymorning?The airisfilledwithvitalscentsfromtheherbsandfruitsandvegetablespiledhighinthe greengrocers'creativegeometrics.AwhiffoftheAtlanticblowsofftheoystersonthe fishmongers'bedofice.Wildgame--hare,venison,boar--hangsfromthebutchers' racks,sausagesandcheesesarelaidouttosavorandsmell. 有什么比晴朗的星期日早晨的一个户外市场更具法国特色？空气中弥漫着香草和水果散发出的气味，而且这些水果被水果商摆成各种有创意的图形。鱼贩的冰床上的牡蛎透露着一点点大西洋的痕迹。在肉贩的货架上挂出了一些野味：野兔、鹿肉和野猪，而一些香肠和奶酪的摆出使这个小摊更具一番风味。 2This,youthink,istheveryessenceofFrance,untilyoureadthoselittlesignsthattell youthetomatoes(whicharereallyprettytasteless)comefromMoroccanhothouses, thegrapesfromSouthAfrica,kiwisfromChileandtheharicotfromKenya.Youcan't besurewherethatboarbitthedust. 直到你读到那些小标识，即西红柿（相当无味的）产自摩洛哥的温室，葡萄酒产自南非，猕猴桃产自智利，扁豆产自肯尼亚。你认为这才是法国的精髓所在。 3Thecongenialquaintnessofthestreetmarket,infact,drawsdirectlyonglobalization. EmileZolaoncecalled"thebellyofParis",therich,ripe,smellycenterofthewholesale foodbusiness,longsincemovedoutofdowntowntoacargohubnearQrlyairport. Quiteliterally,thatisnowwherealotofFrenchcookingbegins--and,increasingly, wheretheeraofgreatFrenchcuisineassomethingtrulyuniqueandexclusiveto Franceisslowlycomingtoanend. 街市上那些彼此相宜的稀奇古怪的事事实上是全球化的结果。这个富裕的、 成熟的、难闻的被埃米尔.左拉称为“巴黎的肚子”的大型食品批发中心是很久以 前从市中心搬到奥利机场附近的。毫不夸张的说，这里是现在很多法国烹饪的开 始的地方，而且渐渐地伟大的法国烹饪时代（一些真正独具特色并专属法国的事物）就要结束了 4Forgenerations,theFrenchhavepridedthemselvesontheirdistinctiveness.Nothing hasstoodforFrance'ssenseofexceptionalismmorefamouslythanitscooking.Gallic talent,tasteandtechniqueshavebeenexportedallovertheworld.Andthereinliespart totheproblem.FromtheNapaV alleytotheThamesandTokyo,non-Frenchcooks havecrackedthecodesofthebestFrenchcuisine.Meanwhile,whatwasmediocre elsewhere--albeitcheapandpopular--hasbeenimported.Theresult:Manytourists-- aswellastheFrenchthemselves--nolongerseewhat'ssospecialaboutFrench cooking. 4长久以来，法国人一直为他们的与众不同感到骄傲。而能代表法国超凡特色、最负盛 名的就要数她的烹饪艺术了。高卢人的才智、品味和技术已经传播到世界各地，然而， 一些问题也随之产生。从纳帕谷到泰晤士河再到东京，非法裔的厨师们破解了最上乘 法式烹饪的秘笈。与此同时，其他地方一些尽管又便宜又流行但却不怎么上档次的烹 制法也传入了法国。结果就是，很多游客——甚至法国人自己——都已经看不出法国 烹饪有任何的特别之处了。 5Thedeclinegoeswellbeyondrecentsurveysthatshowgrowingcomplaintsabout mediocrequalityandhighprices--nosmallconcerninacountrywheretourisme gastronomiqueearned18billioneurosin20KK,aquarterofalltouristrevenues.More andmorerestaurateurssaythatgovernmenttaxandeconomicpoliciesarelimiting theirprofits,andtherebyhurtingtheircapacitytoinvestandhiremorestaff.Theyhave becomeensnarledintheredtapeforwhichFranceisinfamous--nottomentionedicts fromBrusselsthataffecteverythingfromsalestaxestothebacteriaintheBrie. 5最近的调查显示越来越多的人抱怨饭莱质量平平，价格昂贵，而法国烹饪的衰落还不
Unit one Stumbling block in intercultural communication 1 在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。 It’s appropriate at this time of major changes in the international scene to take a look at some of the disappointing results of attempts at communication. They are actually stumbling block in international communication. 7 本国居民可能会被灌输有这种期望：既然外国人穿着合适，并且能说一些本国话，那么他或她也有同样的非语言的准则、想法和感觉。 The native inhabitants are likely to be lulled into the expectation that ,since the foreign person is dressed appropriately and speak some of the language,he or she will also have similar nonverbal codes ,thoughts and feelings. 8 更糟糕的问题是死死抱住新语言中一个词汇或短语的一种意义，而不顾隐含义和语境。 A worse language problem is the tenacity with which someone will cling to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language, regardless of connotation or context. 11 先入为主和程式化思维的现象
非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程 考试大纲 (试行稿) 《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》(Non English Major Graduate Stu dent English Qualifying Test，简称GET)是根据《非英语专业研究生英语(第一外语)教学大纲(试行稿)》制定的。本大纲规定了硕士生英语学位课程通过考试的内容、形式、时间和计分。考试目的在于考核已修完研究生英语课程的学生是否达到教学大纲所规定的各项要求，以及实际掌握和运用英语的能力。 一、基础英语部分 本考试共有六个部分：听力理解(占15%)、词汇(占10%)、完形填空(占15%)、阅读理解(30%)、翻译(占20%)、写作(占10%)。分两份试卷：试卷一(Paperl)包括前四个部分，共80题；试卷二(Paper2)包括翻译和写作，共3题。全部题目按顺序统一编号。 第一部分听力理解(Part I Listening Comprehension)；听力理解部分主要测试考生掌握听力材料中心思想和主要内容的能力，判断对话情景、场合、人物关系、身份和说话人的意图及话语含义的能力。共15题，考试时间为15分钟左右。主要测试考生能否一遍听懂语速为每分钟120个词的对话和短文。本部分共有二节： A节(Section A)：共9题，每题为一段对话。问句后有15秒间隙，要求考生从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 B节(Section B)：共6题，题目或为问句或为未完成的句子，分别安排在2—3篇听力材料之后。要求考生在15秒的间隙中从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 第二部分词汇(Part I Vocabulary)：词汇部分主要测试考生运用词汇和短语的能力。测试教学大纲的词汇表、词组表及词根词缀表所覆盖的内容。着重测试研究生阶段所学的词和基础词的多种词性及词义搭配、易混词的区别及难词的认知。词汇与词组的比例为7∶3。共20题，分A、B两节，考试为10分钟。 A节(Section A)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句中有一词或固定词组下面划有横线，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出该划线词或词组的最佳同义词或最佳释义。 B节(Section B)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句子中有一个空白，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出最恰当的词或词组使该句成为逻辑合理、表达正确的英文句。 第三部分完形填空(Part III Cloze Test)：主要测试考生在语篇水平上的理解能力和实际运用语言的能力。测试内容可以是句型、结构，也可以是词汇、词组和习惯用语。共15题。考试时间为10分钟。测试的形式是在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200—250词)
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程课后练习题1-4课 第一课 一、词形填空 1.They made regular visits to the park on the suburbs during the weekends. 2.She was prooted to division manager last year. 3.We tried to walk to the park but ended up taking a taxi there. 4.His handing if these important issues was highly praised. 5.Thomas bought a new hat to repluce the one he had lost. 6.The movie received generally favorable reviews. 7.Thank you for all the time and effort you have put in. 8.Make sure you’re home bu midnight . 9.He was hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot 10.The earthquake survivors are in desperate need of help. 二、词形转换 1、Open（n）—opening 2、persist（n）—persistence 3.succeed(n)----success 4.succeed(adj)---successful 5.important(n)----importance 6.promote(n)----promotion 7.depress(n)----depression 8.vlaue(adj)----valuable 9.loyal(n)----loyalty 10.favor(adj)---favorable 三、词换词 1. Obtain----aquire 2. Constant---loyal 3. Famous---noted 4. Frightened---startled 5.blame---responsibility 6. Worth doing---rewarding 7. Sincere----genuine 8.encountered---bumped into 9. Bought----purchased 10. At the end ----eventually 第二课 一、选择正确的词或词组填空 1.Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities. 2.The competition among these companies at the printing market has become very intense in this city. 3.To date, We have not received any replies from them. 4.In this competitive world , it is better for any firm to gain technology superiority . 5.The organization works to promote friendship between nations. 6.It is reported that the Far East area is now on the verge of war again. 7.There is an obvious trend that young people like less formal clothing. 8.We should look at these events which happened two hundred years ago from their historical perspective. 9.The outstanding businessman agreed that the last decade was favorable for the emergence of new and promising enterprises in IT field. 10.The witness proved that the killer was a man of medium height. 二、词性转换 1.significance(adj.)-significant 2.connect(n.)-connection 3.transform(n.)-transformation
关于2016年硕士研究生英语学位课程 水平考试的通知 各有关学院： 根据《云南农业大学非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程水平考试 管理办法（试行）》（校办发[2005]45号），学校定于2016 年5月21日(星期六)上午9:00—11:30举行硕士研究生英语学位课程水 平考试。现将有关事项通知如下： 一、考试内容 本考试共有六个部分：听力理解（占20%）、词汇（占10%）、完形填 空（占10%）、阅读理解（占30%）、翻译（占20%）、写作（占10%）。 试卷分两份：试卷一 (Paper 1) 包括前四个部分，共80---90题； 试卷二 (Paper 2) 包括翻译和写作，共三题。 二、考试对象 1. 未通过硕士学位英语水平考试的在校全日制硕士研究生(含全日 制硕士专业学位研究生)； 2. 2012级毕业后未通过硕士学位英语水平考试的全日制硕士研究 生。 三、报名程序 1. 网上报名。参加硕士学位英语水平考试的硕士研究生，必须登录 云南农业大学研究生教务管理系统进行网上报名。学生登录研究生教务 管理系统， 点击“学期选课”→“选课申请”→“公共课选课”→“学位英语考试” →“选定”完成报名。网上报名时间为2016年4月23日—5月12日。 2. 请各学院研究生教学秘书通知本院所有未通过硕士学位英语水
平考试的研究生，务必在规定时间报名，逾期教务系统关闭不再受理补报。 四、学位英语免考 1．按照《云南农业大学关于印发研究生第一外语课程学习规定的通知》（校政发［2008］16号），大学英语六级考试成绩达425分及其以上，或研究生招生入学考试成绩在70分以上，可申请免考学位英语水平考试。 2．已提交过学位英语免考申请且获得免考资格的同学不需在网上报名，未提供英语六级证书原件的同学请尽快持证书原件和复印件到培养科审核，否则不予登记成绩。 3．已通过英语六级考试但未办理过学位英语免考手续的同学填写《云南农业大学第一外语免修申请》，于2016年5月12日前持证书原件和复印件到培养科办理免考手续，不需在网上报名。 五、考试地点另行通知。 云南农业大学研究生处 2016年4月19日
Unit 1 我的第一份工作 汽车清洁工 [1] 我从父母那儿获得了很强的工作道德观。他们俩都经历过大萧条时期，对不是按常规工作的人感到难以理解。我曾经告诉我妈妈，西尔堆斯特·史泰龙工作10周挣1200万美元，“那他在一年其余的日子里干什么呢?”她问。 [2] 我把父母的工作道德观带入了我在故乡马萨诸塞州安多佛镇附近的威尔明顿镇福特汽车专营店干的第一份工作。那时我16岁，学期当中我干活干到五、六点，暑假期间则每天干12个小时。我干的是汽车清洁小工的活儿，也就是清洗，抛光等事，并确保纸地板垫的位置合适。还有一项职责是在夜里将汽车轮毂盖取下来以免被偷，第二天再还回原处。这是一项很费劲的工作，因为我们有占大约7英亩地的汽车。 [3] 一天，我抱着一大捧毂盖转过一个角落，几乎与我们新任总经理撞了个满怀。我吓了一跳，结果把毂盖全掉在了地上。他当场就解雇了我。 [4] 我羞愧万分，不愿让父母知道这件事。大约有两周的时间，我每天都忙到晚上，然后我会回家说工作干得很愉快。
[5] 走投无路之下，我写了一封信给亨利·福特二世，告诉他所发生的事情。我说我们家是福特车的忠实用户，并说我长大成年后打算买一辆野马车。最后，汽车专卖店的店主给我打来了电话。“我不知道你在底特律认识谁，”他说，“但如果你还想要回你原来的工作的话，这工作就归你了。” [6] 后来在大学期间，我想在一家劳斯菜斯(罗尔斯—罗伊斯)的专营店干活，但店主说他们不缺人。即便如此，我还是开始在那儿清洗汽车。当店主注意到我时，我说我会一直干到他雇我。最后他真雇了我。 [7] 成功需要毅力。态度也很重要。我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活别人都赶不上。 出纳员 [1] 第一次与我祖母坐在她位于曼哈顿的药店的现金出纳机后时，我l0岁。不久之后，她就让我一个人坐在那儿。很快我就知道了礼貌对待顾客以及说“谢谢”的重要性。 [2] 起初我的报酬是糖果，后来我每小时得到50美分。每天放学后我都工作，暑假、周末和假期则从上午8点干到下午7点。我父亲帮我在银行立了一个账户。看着存款数增加比我当时本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。 [3] 祖母是一位严厉的监工，从不给我任何特殊照顾。她像鹰一样注视着我的一举一动，不过却放手让我应付象在午餐高峰时干活这样压力很大的场面。她的信任教会了我如何对待责任。
研究生英语答案重点 小结
第一课※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※ 1.It is one of the paradoxes of social intercourse that a compliment is much harder to respond to than an insult. 在社会交往中，应对恭维比对付辱骂要艰难得多，这话听起来有点矛盾，却有一定的道理。 2.Here is an area of small talk where most of us act awkwardly. 闲聊时来句恭维话，往往让我们大多数人不知所措。 3.Someone utters a pleasing, praiseful remark in our direction and we grow inarticulate and our kneecaps begin to vibrate.有人对我们说上一句动听、赞美的话，我们就慌得说不出话来，膝盖开始瑟瑟发抖。 4.I can’t even accept with grace a compliment bestowed upon me for a thing that isn’t really mine. 如果别人称赞不是真正属于我自己的东西时，我根本无法欣然接受。 5.The nearest I ever came to downright acceptance of this particular compliment was the time I said, “Well, we like it.” 我在接受这种特定的恭维时，表示最能完全接受的说法就是“嗯，我们喜欢。” 6.carried away by th e vastness of his complimentary remark, a woman said, “Well, we like it.” 一位被他的这种极度夸张的恭维话所吸引的妇女，禁不住说道，“嗯，我们喜欢这个地球。” 7.I think we make a mistake when we react to a compliment with denial and derogation. 我认为，对待恭维采取否定和贬低的态度是错误的。 8.The situation here is much the same as the one regarding my view. 这种情景，与我上述提出的观点非常相似。 9.I know a man who has put his mind to this problem and come up with a technique for brushing off praise.He employs a sort of unreasonable realism. 我认识一个潜心研究这种问题的人，他想出了一个办法来避开别人的表扬。他采取了一种不近情理的现实态度。 10.I don’t think this fellow is on the right track. 我想这个家伙回答的方式有问题。 11.This sort of thing, the witty reply, ought to be placed under government regulation. 这种俏皮机智的应答，应该置于政府的规定之中。 12.That one, I thought, was more than passable. But for every genuinely clever retort there are a thousand that fall flat.It takes a Dorothy Parker or a George S. Kaufman to handle the quip comeback with skill.
考试须知 1、本次考试试卷有试题册（试卷一）和答题纸（Answer Sheet)两种，答题时间 为120分钟。 2、请考生用钢笔在Answer Sheet上写上姓名、学号、专业班级。 3、请考生在Answer Sheet上答题，写在试题册上的答案一律作废。 4、选择题每题只能选一个答案，多选作废。选定答案后，在Answer Sheet中找到相应题号，将答案对应字母（A\B\C\D）填写在题号后的括号里。注意保持字迹清晰工整，容易识别。由于字迹潦草、答案模棱两可甚至无法识别者，一律判为0分，责任由考生本人负责。 5、简答题、翻译和作文等主观题部分的答题请考生用钢笔书写在Answer Sheet 指定位置上。 6、考试结束，考生不得将试题册和答题纸带出考场。请把试题册和答题纸分别 上交监考老师。 Test 29 Part I Situational Conversations (10%) Directions:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center of the corresponding letter． 1. Robert: How annoying. I can’t figure out a solution to this problem. Can you help me? Anderson: __________. A. How stupid you are. The problem is too easy to disturb me. B. Well, I’m afraid I can’t at the moment. C. You shouldn’t feel annoyed. After all,it’s your own problem. D. OK. Though it’s beyond me, let me try. 2. Speaker A: Excuse me. Could you show me the way to the nearest post office? Speaker B: ________ A. OK. I’d like to go with you. B. Of course. Go down this street and turn le ft. C. Sorry. I’m busy now. Go away. D . No problem. It’s my pleasure to direct you. 3. Customer: I need some aspirin, please, and I'd also like to get this prescription filled．
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程英译汉（Unit 1-10、13、14） Unit 1 1. Two noted Americans explain why it’s not what you earn-it’s what you learn. 两位美国名人解释为什么不是你所挣的而是你所学的更重要。 2. I have never thought I was better than anyone else, but I have always believed I couldn’t be outworked. 我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活儿别人都赶不上。 3. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought. 看着存款数增加比我当时原本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。 4. I took a genuine interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup ideas. 我发自内心地关心她们的问题，并能理解她们的愿望，给她们出些该如何化妆的点子。 5. I ended up selling a record amount of cosmetics. 结果我创下了化妆品销售的最好成绩。 Unit 2 1. With the click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the extremely fast speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second. 只要用鼠标点击一下，在地球另一端的信息马上就会以每秒钟绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。 2. Besides, if everyone shops on the Net , what will happen to the hundreds and thousands of shopping malls? 此外，如果大家都在网上购物，那么成千上万的购物中心该怎么办呢？ 3. The huge power of electronic commerce (e-commerce) will change the face of trade dramatically. 电子商务的惊人威力会使贸易的局面发生激动人心的巨变。 4. The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand new era of “electronic currency” . 电子商务的发展很可能会把世界带进一个“电子货币”的崭新时代。 5. As the Net pushes the economy ahead rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Net market forward , resulting in the Internet itself becoming the world’s largest emerging market. 在网络化高速地推动经济发展的同时，经济也反过来促进网络市场的发展，其结果是国际互联网本身将成为全球最大的新兴市场。 Unit 3 1. So, if you lose a key species, you might cause a whole flood of other extinctions. 所以，如果失去一个重要的物种，那也许会引起大量其他物种的绝迹。 2. Instead of depending on largely ineffective laws against illegal hunting, it gives local people a good economic reason to preserve and animals. 这种办法使当地人们可以为了经济上的原因而去保护动、植物，而不是依靠在很大程度上难以奏效的那些反非法偷 猎的规章制度。 3. With corruption popular in many developing countries, some observers are suspicious that the money will actually reach the people it is intended for. 由于许多发展中国家普遍存在腐败，一些观察家对这些钱财实际上能否到达应该接受这笔财物的人们手中表示怀疑。 4. Sustainable management of forests requires controls on the number of trees which are cut down, as well as investment in replacing them. 森林的可持续管理既需要投资种植新树以取代被砍伐的树木，也需要对被砍伐树木的数量进行控制。 5. In theory, consumers would buy only this wood and so fo rce logging companies to go “green” or go out of business. 理论上讲，消费者只能购买这些获得认可的木材，这将迫使伐木公司开始保护“绿色”，否则将无生意可做。 Unit 4 1. The trend began in earnest in 1995, when the Queen of England admitted that the Maori people of New Zealand had been shamefully treated, when the country was a British colony. 这个潮流是从1995年才真正开始的。当时英国女王承认当新西兰还是英国的殖民地时，新西兰的土著毛利人曾遭