Unit 4 Where’s my schoolbag?
Prepositions: in on under
壶瓶山镇中心学校王娴
教学内容：
本节内容选自新目标英语七年级上册（人教2012版）第四单元，本单元主要内容是谈论物品的所在位置，通过这一话题，训练学生的听说读写四项基本技能，让学生通过询问物品的位置，学习一些物品的单词，及方位介词on, in, under等的用法；学习并掌握where句型的运用，使学生养成干净、整洁、合理摆放物品的好习惯。
学情分析：
本节课的教学重点是使用in,on, under三个介词准确表述物品在空间位置上的关系。因为这三个介词所表达的空间位置关系和汉语是一致的，所以只要多在语境中运用，学生就不难掌握这几个词的用法。
知识目标：方位介词in, on, under 的用法。
能力目标：掌握in, on, under 三个方位介词；
学会正确运用介词描述物品所在的位置；
情感目标：培养学生整齐地摆放自己物品的生活习惯。
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Lead in
1.Greetings;
2.Show the students a video about “in on under”.
（让学生初步感知in, on, under 三个词的涵义）
Step 2 Presentation
1.New words
1) Show a picture of “ in, on, under ” and teach the Ss some gestures 2）Understand in the scene
T: Where’s the dog?
Ss: The dog is in the car.
The dog is on the car.
The dog is under the car.
（利用多媒体课件创设情景，直观呈现单词，使学生在语境中理解单词。）
3）Teach the Ss a quick song
T: Ok, I’ll teach you a quick song. Show me your hands. Ok,now, go like this.
(Teach them the gestures about in, on, under)
T: Now, let’s sing together. In, on,under; In, on,under; In, on,under; The dog is under the car.
（通过歌曲，游戏，激发学生的学习兴趣，并继续加强对三个介词的理解及掌握。）
2.Practice
1）Listen to a short story and answer three questions blow:
Q1: Where’s Mimi?
Q2: Where’s Nini?
Q3: Where’s Miaomiao?
(讲故事,创情景，提问题，培养学生解决问题的能力。) 2）Pair work
3.Summing up
Step 3 Homework
Make 3 sentences with “in, on, under”.
人教版中考英语专项训练介词训练题 一、初中英语介词 1．Stephen Hawking was famous a scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died March 14th, 2018. A. for; on B. as; in C. as; on 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：史蒂芬·霍金作为科学家而闻名，他为世界做出了巨大的贡献，他逝世于2018年3月14日。空一，根据 a scientist ，可知是作为……而出名，be famous as；空二，具体到某一天，使用介词on。故选C。 【点评】此题考查固定短语和介词用法。 2．I'll be at home __________ Sunday morning. You can phone me then. A. on B. in C. at D. to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：在周日早上我将在家，那时你可以给我打电话。on+具体时间；in+the+morning/afternoon/evening，在早上/下午/晚上；at+时间点。Sunday morning指的是周日早上，指的是具体日期，所以用on，故选A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记on、in、at的区别。 3．Humans can not make progress dreams. A. with B. without C. through D. about 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：没有了梦想，人类就不会进步。A.带着，有；B.没有；C.通过；D.关于。梦想是人类前进的动力，根据Humans can not make progress，可知人类不会进步，是因为没有梦想，应会使用介词without，故答案是B。 【点评】考查近词辨析，注意识记介词without的用法。 4．Yesterday our headmaster made a speech ________ environmental protection, and we learned something about recycling of waste. A. on B. at C. to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：昨天我们的校长做了一个关于环境保护的演讲，并且我们学到了一些关于废物利用的知识。on，关于，这样与学术有关；at在；to到达。演讲是关于环境保护的，而环境保护是有关学术的，故选A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 5．—Shall we stop and wait for others？ —Sounds good. I think they will catch up______ a few minutes. A. during B. after C. for D. in
超全的英语介词用法归纳总结常用介词基本用法辨析 表示方位的介词：in, to, on 1. in 表示在某地范围之内。 Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。 2. to 表示在某地范围之外。 Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。 3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。 Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边。 表示计量的介词：at, for, by 1. at 表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。 It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。 I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车。 2. for 表示“用……交换，以……为代价”。 He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了。 注意：at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数。
3. by 表示“以……计”，后跟度量单位。 They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。 Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。 表示材料的介词：of, from, in 1. of 成品仍可看出原料。 This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。 2. from 成品已看不出原料。 Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 3. in 表示用某种材料或语言。 Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈。 表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on 1. by 用某种方式，多用于交通。 I went there by bus. 我坐公共汽车去那儿。 2. with表示“用某种工具”。 He broke the window with a stone. 他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。注意：with表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词。
高考英语专题练习（五） 介词与介词短语 1．The university started some new language programs to cater _______ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt. 2．The whole team count _______ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down. 3．Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but _______ Thomas Edison. 4．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _______ animals both on land and sea? 5．Most people work because it's unavoidable. _______ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 6．We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal _______ our emotions than for straight facts. 7．These comments came in response _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 8．This meeting room is a non－smoking area. I would like to warn you _______ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 9．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃_______ the average. 10．The little pupil took his grandma _______ the arm and walked her across the street. 11．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃____ the average. A．below B．on C．at D．above 12．September 30 is the day ______ which you must pay your bill. A．by B．for C．with D．in 13．These comments came _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. A．in memory of B．in response to C．in touch with D．in possession of 14．What we expect from you is working hard hardly working? A．less than B．rather than C．as well as D．as much as 15．_______ a common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform. A．of B．on C．to D．with 16．Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting. A．in demand B．in store C．on loan D．on sale 17．Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _______ sale. 18．But Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution _______ these villages without a local shop. 19．When Jane got home, with her small but well－chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _______ table having supper. 21．Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads _______ greater success in one's life. 22．Respect is very important _______ home, at school, and everywhere you go.
分考点1 表示时间的介词 Point 1 at, in, on 的用法 （1）at 的用法 At 表示时间点，用于具体的时刻（几点，正午，午夜，黎明，拂晓，日出，日落等），或把某一时间看作某一时刻的词之前以及某些节假日的词之前。 at 6：00 在6点钟 At noon 在中午 At daybreak 在拂晓 At down 在黎明 At Christmas 在圣诞节 【特别注意】在以下的时间短语中，at 表示时间段。 At dinner time 在（吃）晚饭时 At weekends/ the weekend 在周末 （2）in 的用法 ①表示时间段，与表示较长一段时间的词搭配，如年份，月份，季节，世纪，朝代，还可以用于泛指的上午、下午、傍晚等时间段的词前。 In 2009 在2009年 In April 在四月 In the 1990s 在20世纪90年代 In Tang Dynasty 在唐朝 In the morning在上午 ②后接时间段，用于将来时，表示“在一段时间之后”。 The film will begin in an hour. 电影将于一个小时之后开始。 【特别注意】当时间名词前有this，that，last，next，every，each，some等词修饰时，通常不用任何介词。 This morning 今天上午last year 去年 （3）on 的用法 ①表示在特定的日子、具体的日期、星期几、具体的某一天或某些日子。 On September the first 在9月1号 On National Day 在国庆节 We left the dock on a beautiful afternoon. 我们在一个明媚的下午离开了码头。 ②表示在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上（常有前置定语或后置定语修饰）。 On Sunday morning 在星期日的早上 On the night of October 1 在10月1号的晚上 【特别注意】“on +名词或动名词”表示“一...就...”. On my arrival home/ arriving home, I discovered they had gone. 我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。 Point 2 in，after 的用法 In 和after都可以接时间段，表示“在...之后”，但in 常与将来时连用，after 常与过去时连用。 We will meet again in two weeks.
初中英语介词专项练习题 1 ( ) 1 Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) 2 -There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up ( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since ( ) 4Tim suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during ( ) 5My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. In C. at D. of ( ) 6The train is starting___five minutes. A. In B. At C. For D.still ( ) 7Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on 2 ( ) 1 The population of the world has grown very fast ____ four hundred years. A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past ( ) 2 We returned to our hometown___. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D . for a week ( ) 3 Great changes have taken place___. A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year 3 ( ) 1 Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at ( ) 2 ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For ( ) 3 It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of ( ) 4 Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in 4 ( ) 1 He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia ( ) 2 Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. . ...
介词的用法总结归纳 一、 In 介词 prep. 1.(表示位置)在…里面; 在, 于; 在…部位上 I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。 They live in France.他们住在法国。 2.(表示时间)在…时期, 在…之后, 在过程中 In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty getting jobs. 她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。 I cannot see you now, e back in half an hour.我现在不能见你, 半小时后回来。 3.(表示方向)往…内, 朝…方向 I saw him go in the shop.我看到他走进了商店。 4.(表示状态)处于…之中, 在…情况下 Martin was in his pyjamas.马丁穿着睡衣。 They were living in terrible poverty.他们生活在极度贫困之中。 5.(表示方式)用, 以, 按, 乘, 以…形式 They were speaking in Italian.他们在讲意大利语。 They went up in the lift.他们乘电梯上楼了。
6.(表示原因)由于, 为了 He went in fear of his life.他为自己的性命担忧, 所以走了。 7.(表示领域, 范围)在…以内 It is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。 8.(表示结果)当做, 作为 What did you give him in return?你给他什么作为报答呢? 9.(表示目的)为了 They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找走失的孩子。 10.[表示职业、活动等]从事于，参加 11.[表示数量、程度、比例]按，以;从…中 12.[表示品质、能力等]在…之中;在…身上 I don't think he had it in him.我认为他没这个本事。 二、Into 介词 prep. 1.(表示时间)持续到, 进行到 The meeting carried on into the afternoon.会议一直延续到下午。 2.(表示方向)进入…中, 到…里 Anney dived into the water.安尼潜入水中。 He came into the room.他到房子里面。 3.(表示状态)进入…状态, 欠…债
专题四介词和介词短语 满分突破 Ⅰ.单选练考点 ( )1.Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969. A.in B.on C.at D.for ( )2. The Dragon Boat Festival falls May or June every year. A.in B.on C. at D.between ( )3.More and more people in Qingdao go to work subway now. A.with B.on C.in D.by ( )4.Frank is an independent boy. His parents are proud him. A.on B.to C.in D.of ( )5.—Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school? —Yes. It’s the fifth floor. A.on B.in C.at D.to Ⅱ.完成句子:根据所给汉语意思，用短语完成下列英文句子 1.有人担心将来机器人会取代人类。 Some people worry that robots will take the place of humans . 2.在那个年代，书籍是靠手工制作的。 In those days, books were produced . 3.总体来说，这个产品满足了大部分顾客的需求。 , the product meets most of customers’ need. 4.扬州位于江苏中部，以其悠久的历史和文化而闻名。 Yangzhou lies Jiangsu Province and is known for its long history and culture. 5.克里在公园对面的中国银行上班。 Rick works at the Bank of China . Ⅲ.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空 1. a cold winter morning, I met her in the street. 2.The English teacher told me to get there half past ten. 3.Miss Wang will come to Beijing two days. 4.Do you see the kite the building? 5.The thief got into the room the window.
to的用法: 一:表示相对,针对 be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to Air is indispensable to life、 Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation、 This injection will make you immune to infection、 二:表示对比,比较 1:以-ior结尾的形容词,后接介词to表示比较,如:superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior The quarrel happened prior to my arrival、 2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词,如equal,similar,equivalent,analogous A is similar to B in many ways、 3:表示一些先后顺序的形容词,如:second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown、 4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth、表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth、表示比较,如: World is usually compared to a stage Compared with his past,he has changed a lot、 Prefer的正确句型就是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介 词to就要改成rather than ,如: The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender、 Many people prefer spending money to earning money、 They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives、 5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner、 三: 表示修饰关系 1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question, solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter 2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path the approach to a bridge引桥 the approach to science Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service、 The access to education 接受教育的机会 The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利 3: 表示人物职位与官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress advisor to the Prime Minister 4: 表示权利与许可的词汇,如:right,admission
一．介词的含义 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语与句中其它词的关系，不能单独使 用。介词可以与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。 二．表示时间的介词 at (表示钟点): at 6：30 固定搭配: at noon ; at night ; at present / at the moment in (表示年代/月份/季节): in July; in 2006; in September，1998 ； in spring 固定搭配: in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening on (表示具体日期: 某月某日/星期几): on Monday ; on Sunday morning ; on December 17 before在 --- 之前after 在--之后 by在--之前（时间）；到--为止until / till : 直到 --（时间） since自从 -- 以来for（接一段时间） during 在 -- 期间from 从--时起 in + 一段时间： --以后（用于将来时）within --之内 after+ 一段时间：--以后（用于过去时） beyond --之外 三．表示场所，方向的介词 at 在某处（小地方）（at the cinema； at school； at home； at the railway station） in 在某处（大地方）（in China； in Beijing）；在--里面（in the classroom； in the water） on 在--上面（紧贴着其表面）: (on the table; on one’s face) near 在---附近 beside：在--旁边by 在--旁边 between在--和--之间among在--（3者或更多的人或物）当中 in front of 在--的前面behind 在--的后面 beside: 在—旁边 into 进入--里out of 从--中出来 near / nest to 靠近 across穿过（沿着表面）through穿过（从中间）along 沿着 from -- to -- 从--到-- around 在--周围 over 在--的正上方under在--的正下面/ above 在--斜上方 below 在--斜下方
介词的用法 1.表示地点位置的介词 1)at ,in, on, to，for at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在……上面”。 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到……” 2)above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below相对； over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk. 3)below, under 在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 4)in front [frant]of, in the front of在……前面 in front of…意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。) in the front of 意思是“在…..的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里) 5）beside，behind beside 表示在……旁边 behind 表示在……后面 2.表示时间的介词 1)in , on，at 在……时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。 on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。 如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas，at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day. 2)in, after 在……之后 “in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后； “after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后； “after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。 3)from, since 自从…… from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；
备战高考英语专题-介词和介词短语-巩固提升练习（含解析） 一、单选题 1.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live ______nature. A.in view of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with 2.On May 5, 2018, various memorial events were held nationwide ________ the 200th Anniversary of Karl Marx's birth. A.in charge of B.in place of C.in honor of D.in explanation of 3.You will be amazed to discover that what confused you at first makes sense _____further readings. A.to B.of C.upon D.before 4.Scientists are convinced _____ the positive effect of laughter _____ physical and mental health. A.of; at B.by; in C.of; on D.on; at 5.______Christmas coming near, they began to be busy shopping for the holiday. A.As B.Before C.Because of D.With 6.Doctors battled the night to save her life. A.within B.out of C.throughout D.inside 7.—How about this type of car，sir?—It's not economical，and what's more，it's________. A.out of shape B.free of charge C.out of order D.on the way out 8.After the dinner, I looked at the bill and found that it was 200 yuan , including the wine. A.after all B.in all C.at all D.above all 9.After a heated discussion at the meeting，a new plan came________being，which would have a great effect________the culture life of people. A.into；for B.to；to C.from；at D.into；on 10.the economic crisis getting more and more serious, the government is searching for ways to improve people's life. A.As B.With C.When D.If 11.piracy,it is necessary that effective measures should be taken right away to stop it. A.Due to B.As to C.Thanks to D.Next to 12.Before real estate control policies were introduced, people hoped that their income would be increased ________ the rise in housing prices. A.in touch with B.in anticipation of C.in line with D.in combination of 13.Do you really want to rent such a flat which is empty ________ some old pieces of furniture? A.besides B.except for C.for D.except
常见介词用法： 1）at,in,on在……范围 at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on表示毗邻，接壤 to表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤Hearrivedatthestationatt en. Heissittingatthedesk. HearrivedinShanghaiyes terday. JiangsuliesintheeastofCh ina. RussialiveonthenorthofC hina. FujianistothesouthofJian gsuProvince. 2)above,over,on在……上 above指在……上方,不强 调是否垂直，与below相 对； over指垂直的上方,与 under相对,但over与物体 有一定的空间，不直接接 触。 on表示某物体上面并与之 接触。 Thebirdisflyingabovemy head. Thereisabridgeovertheri ver. Heputhiswatchonthe 3)below,under在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下，不一 定在正下方 Thereisacatunderthetabl e. Pleasewriteyournamebel owtheline. 介词短语组织形式及实例： 一、介词+名词形式 第一组 byaccident偶然 onaccountof因为，由于 inaddition另外 inadditionto除……之外 intheair在流行中，在传播 中
初中英语介词专项训练及答案 一、初中英语介词 1．In China, we are using the FAST to find stars . Now more and more people want to know about the largest radio telescope（望远镜） in the world. A. in person B. in public C. in space 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：在中国，我们正在使用FAST 射电望远镜去找太空中的星星。现在越来越多的人想要了解这台世界上最大的射电望远镜。A. in person亲自，B. in public在公共场合，C.in space 在太空，根据题意和常识星星是在太空中，故答案为C。 【点评】考查介词短语。理解句意并掌握介词短语的意思。 2．—Excuse me. Where is the nearest bookstore? —Go ________ Center Street and you'll find it. A. For B. along C. with 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下。最近的书店在哪里？——一直沿着中心街走，你就会发现它。A.为了；B.沿着；C.和。go along，沿着……走，固定搭配，故选B。 【点评】考查介词辨析。注意句子涉及到固定搭配go along。 3．I'll be at home __________ Sunday morning. You can phone me then. A. on B. in C. at D. to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：在周日早上我将在家，那时你可以给我打电话。on+具体时间；in+the+morning/afternoon/evening，在早上/下午/晚上；at+时间点。Sunday morning指的是周日早上，指的是具体日期，所以用on，故选A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记on、in、at的区别。 4．John often takes a walk _______ his grandpa after dinner. A. to B. for C. along D. with 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：约翰经常晚饭后和他的爷爷散步。A.朝；B.为了；C.沿着；D.和……一起。根据his grandpa，可知此处应是晚饭后跟爷爷散步，故选D。 【点评】考查介词辨析。注意句子涉及到with的词义和用法。 5．Humans can not make progress dreams. A. with B. without C. through D. about 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：没有了梦想，人类就不会进步。A.带着，有；B.没有；C.通过；D.关于。梦想是人类前进的动力，根据Humans can not make progress，可知人类不会进
介词（preposition） 又称前置词，是一种虚词。介词不能单独做句子成分。介词后须接宾语，介词与其宾语构成介词短语。 一、介词从其构成来看可以分为： 1、简单介词（Simple prepositions）如：at ,by, for, in, from, since, through等； 2、复合介词（Compound prepositions）如：onto, out of, without, towards等； 3、短语介词（phrasal prepositions）如；because of, instead of, on account of, in spite of, in front of等； 4、二重介词（double prepositions）如：from behind, from under, till after等； 5、分词介词（participial prepositions），又可称动词介词（verbal prepositions）如：during, concerning, excepting, considering, past等。 二、常见介词的基本用法 1、 about 关于 Do you know something about Tom？ What about this coat？（……怎么样） 2、 after 在……之后 I’m going to see you after supper. Tom looked after his sick mother yesterday.（照看） 3、 across 横过 Can you swim across the river. 4、 against 反对 Are you for or against me? Nothing could make me turn against my country.（背叛） 5、 along 沿着 We walked along the river bank. 6、 before 在……之前 I hope to get there before seven o’clock. It looks as though it will snow before long.（不久） 7、behind 在……后面 The sun is hidden behind the clouds. 8、by 到……时 We had learned ten English songs by the end of last term. 9、during 在……期间 Where are you going during the holiday. 10、except 除了 Everyone except you answered the question correctly. 11、for 为了 The students are studying hard for the people. 12、from 从 I come from Shanghai. 13、in 在……里 on 在……上面 under在……下面 There are two balls in/on/under the desk. 14、near 在……附近 We live near the park. 15、of ……的 Do you know the name of the winner. 16、over 在……正上方 There is a bridge over the river. Tom goes over his English every day.（复习） 17、round/around 围绕 The students stand around the teacher. 18、to 朝……方向 Can you tell me the way to the cinema. 19、towards朝着 The car is traveling towards Beijing.