听力失音连读表
失音与连读
在语速较快的时候，为了方便应用产生了失音和连读现象。在四六级听力考试部分出现出现的尤其频繁。这是四六级听力考试中难点所在。掌握好失音和连读是听懂和说一口地道美语的前提。
学习方法：失音连读规则繁琐细致，逐条记忆会耗费大量时间。本书将各种情况归纳列表附在本篇后，只需在浏览过规则以后将列表和例句通读几遍，便能自然掌握各种失音连读情况和培养出较强的英语语感，从根本上提高语言使用能力。
失音：
失音，顾名思义就是某一个或者几个音脱落，把单词短语和句子快速连缀成串。
单词间的失音有四种类型。
类型一：前一词以“持续音＋/t/ /d/”结尾，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音
其中包括：/st/+辅音/ft/+辅音/Ft/+辅音/nd/+辅音/ld/+辅音/zd/+辅音/Td/+辅音/vd/+辅音/Wt/+辅音/md/+辅音/Nd/+辅音/nt/+辅音/lt/+辅音
例如：
last class /lB:s klB:s/ next day / neks dei/ bend back /ben bA k/
settled there /setl T[/ refused both /ri`fju:z b[uW/
类型二：前一词以“破音/擦音+ /t/ /d/”结束，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音
其中包括：/pt/+辅音/kt/+辅音（如完结于skt则脱k而不是t）/t Ft/+辅音/bd/+辅音/gd/+辅音/dVd/+辅音/Vd/+辅音
例如：
kept quiet /kep kwai[t/ swept valley /swep vAli/ liked jam /laik dVAm/
parched throat /pB:tF Wr[ut/ fetched me /fetF mi:/ rubbed gentl y /rQbi dVentli/
注：后一词如始于h则/t/ /d/很少脱落
例如：kept her waiting /kept h[: `weitiN/
类型三：动词否定结尾的缩写形式n’t 中的/t/失音（无论后一词以
元音还是辅音开头）
例如：
You mustn’t /mQsn/ lose it
Doesn’t /dQzn/ she know?
He wouldn’t /wudn/ overeat.
类型四：前一词以/t/ 结束，后一词以/t/ 或/d/开头，则前面的/t/往往失音。
例如
I’ve got to go. /aiv `gRt[ g[u/
What do you want? /wRd[ ju wRnt/
另外，不完全爆破虽然没有归纳到失音类型里来，但实质上也存在不发音现象。
如果前面单词结尾和后面单词开头是两个或者同一个破擦音( /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ ) 则前一音保留口型和发音时间却并不发音。但是听者能感到这个音的存在。
例如：
cut down / kQ daun/ stick to /sti tu:/ break down /bri daun/ let go /le g[u /
连读：
连贯讲话自然会出现连读现象，在中文中也同样存在，例如传统的北京方言。连读主要出现在意义联系较紧的词，如冠词与名词，数词和名词，动词与副词，连接词与代名词之间。语义自然停顿的地方不用连读。
连读类型：
类型一：辅音与下一个单词的元音连缀，使全句连贯。
例如：
in an hour / in [n au[/ an English book /[n iNgliF buk/
an apple /[n Apl/ a lot of time /[ `lRt [v taim/
类型二：单词以元音结尾，则在元音后加上/r/音以便和下个单词起首元音连缀。
据伦敦出版的第十三版Pronouncing Dictionary 记载，元音间连读情况多出现在以/E/ /iE/ /Z[/ /B:/ /E:/ /C:/结尾的词后。
例如：
more or less / mR:r [ les/ bear up /bZEr Qp/
the idea of it /aidiEr Ev it/
类型三：后单词以h开始，则前面单词结尾音直接与后面单词的元音连读, 此处h很少发音。
例如：
give him /giv im/
let her /let [:/
失音列表：
类型一：前一词以“持续音＋/t/ /d/”结尾，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音
/st/+辅音/ft/+辅音/Ft/+辅音/nd/+辅音/ld/+辅音/zd/+辅音/Td/+辅音
/vd/+辅音/Wt/+辅音/md/+辅音/Nd/+辅音/nt/+辅音/lt/+辅音
/st/+辅音
2/st/＋/p/ dust pan /dQs pAn/
2/st/＋/t/ next to /neks tu:/
2/st/＋/k/ last class /lB:s klB:s/
2/st/＋/f/ best friend /bes frend/
2/st/＋/s/ fast society /fB:s sE`saiEti/
2/st/＋/W/ first theme /fEs Wi:m/
2/st/＋/F/ worst show /wEs FEu/
2/st/＋/tF/ last chance / las tFB:s/
2/st/＋/b/ burst bubble /bEs bQbl/
2/st/＋/d/ next day / neks dei/
2/st/＋/g/ almost got / R:lm[us gRt/
2/st/＋/v/ last version /lB:s `v[:F[n/
2/st/＋/z/ best zone /bes z[un/
2/st/＋/T/ noticed that /n[utis TAt/
2/st/＋/h/ first hair /fE:s hiE/
2/st/＋/dV/ wrist jewelry /ris dVu:[lri/
2/st/＋/l/ first light /fE:s lait/
2/st/＋/m/ depressed mood /di`pres mu:d/
2/st/＋/n/ suppressed newspaper /sE`pres `nu:speip[/ 2/st/＋/w/ just one / dVQs wQn/
2/st/＋/j/ last European empire /lB:s ju[r[`pi[n `empai[/ 2/st/＋/r/ west region /wes `ri: dVEn/
/ft/+辅音
2/ft/＋/p/ shift personality /Fif pE:sE`nAliti/ 2/ft/+/t/ left turn /lef tE:n/
2/ft/＋/k/ shift key /Fif ki:/
2/ft/＋/f/ shift for oneself /Fi fR: wQn`self/ 2/ft/+/s/ soft centre /fCf fentE/
2/ft/＋/W/ shift theme /Fif Wi:m/
2/ft/＋/F/ gift share /gif FZE/
2/ft/+/tF/ drift channel /drif tFAnl/
2/ft/+/b/ drift by /drif bai/
2/ft/＋/d/ drift distance /drif `distEns/
2/ft/＋/g/ shift gears /Fif gi[z/
2/ft/＋/v/ rift valley /rif `vAli/
2/ft/＋/z/ shift zeal /Fif zi:l/
2/ft/＋/T/ shift the target /Fif T[ `tB:git/
2/ft/＋/h/ shift hairstyle /Fif `hZEstail/
2/ft/＋/dV/ shift joint /Fif dVRint/
2/ft/+/l/ shift learning /Fif l[:niN/
2/ft/＋/m/ shift matrix /Fif `meitriks/
2/ft/＋/n/ drift net /drif net/
2/ft/+/w/ left wheel /lef wi:l/
2/ft/+/j/ shift Europe into several countries /Fif `juErEp/ 2/ft/+/r/ shift reaction /Fif ri:`AkFEn/
/Ft/+辅音
2/Ft/+/p/ mashed potatoes /mAF pE`teitEuz/
2/Ft/＋/t/ finished today’s work /finiF tE`deis wE:k/
2/Ft/＋/k/ finished class /finiF klB:s/
2/Ft/＋/f/ cherished friends /tFeriF frendz/
2/Ft/＋/s/ pushed switch /puF switF/
2/Ft/+/W/ pushed them /puF Wem/
2/Ft/＋/F/ finished shaping /finiF `FeipiN/
2/Ft/+/tF/ smashed church /smAF tFEtF/
2/Ft/＋/b/ smashed bulk /smAF bQlk/
2/Ft/＋/d/ smashed defence /smAF di`fens/
2/Ft/＋/g/ smashed gate /smAF geit/
2/Ft/＋/v/ smashed vase /smAF vB:z/
2/Ft/＋/z/ smashed zeal /smAF zi:l/
2/Ft/＋/T/ push the boat out /puF TE bEut aut/
2/Ft/＋/h/ smashed hut /smAF hQt/
2/Ft/＋/dV/ smashed dream /smAF dri:m/
2/Ft/+/l/ finished late /finiF leit/
2/Ft/＋/m/ dashed man /dAF mAn/
2/Ft/+/n/ finished now /finiF nEu/
2/Ft/+/w/ dashed with /dAF wiT/
2/Ft/+/j/ smashed Europe /smAF `juErEp/
2/Ft/+/r/ smashed resistance /smAF ri`zistEns/ /nd/+辅音
2/nd/＋/p/ lend paper to /len `peip[ tu:/
2/nd/＋/t/ yearned to /j\n tu:/
2/nd/＋/k/ lend colour to /len `kQl[/
2/nd/＋/f/ found five /faun faiv/
2/nd/＋/s/ planned strategy /plAn strAtidVi/
2/nd/＋/W/ lend thermos /len W[:m[s/
2/nd/＋/F/ a thousand ships /Waus[n Fips/
2/nd/＋/tF/ a thousand chairs /Waus[n tFZ[z/ 2/nd/＋/b/ bend back /ben bAk/
2/nd/＋/d/ a thousand dollars /Waus[n dRl[s/
2/nd/＋/g/ shined glass /Fain gla:s/
2/nd/＋/v/ compound verb /kRmpaun v[b/
2/nd/＋/z/ a thousand zooms /Waus[n zu:mz/
2/nd/＋/T/ lend the name to sb /len Ti neim/
2/nd/＋/h/ a thousand hats /Waus[n hAts/
2/nd/＋/dV/ a thousand judges /Waus[n dVQdViz/ 2/nd/＋/l/ lend-lease /len li:s/
2/nd/＋/m/ tinned meat /tin mi:t/
2/nd/＋/n/ lend now /len nau/
2/nd/＋/w/ lend oneself to /len wQn`self tu:/
2/nd/＋/j/ lend you /len ju:/
2/nd/＋/r/ a thousand riddles /Waus[n ridlz/
/ld/+辅音
2/ld/＋/p/ mild punishment /mail `pQniFm[nt/
2/ld/＋/t/ yield to /ji:l tu:/
2/ld/＋/k/ build castles /bil kB:slz/
2/ld/＋/f/ build for /bil fR:/
2/ld/＋/s/ field study /fi:l stQdi/
2/ld/＋/W/ pulled through /pu:l Wru:/
2/ld/＋/F/ cold shower /k[u `Fau[/
2/ld/＋/tF/ spoiled child /spRil tFaild/ 2/ld/＋/b/ chilled beef /tFil bi:f/
2/ld/＋/d/ build down /bil daun/
2/ld/＋/g/ old girl /[ul g[:l/
2/ld/＋/v/ old valley /[ul `vAli/
2/ld/＋/z/ old zoo /[ul zu:/
2/ld/＋/T/ settled there /setl T[/
2/ld/＋/h/ old hand /[ul hAnd/
2/ld/＋/dV/ build joint /bil `dVRint/
2/ld/＋/l/ hold light /h[u lait/
2/ld/＋/m/ old man /[ul mAn/
2/ld/＋/n/ old nun /[ul nQn/
2/ld/＋/w/ sealed with /si:l wiT/
2/ld/＋/j/ old yacht /[ul jRt/
2/ld/＋/r/ world religion /w[:l ri`lidV[n/ /zd/+辅音
2/zd/＋/p/ seized power /si:z `pau[/ 2/zd/＋/t/ seized time /si:z taim/
2/zd/＋/k/ refused consent /ri`fju:z k[n`sent/
2/zd/＋/f/ refused freight /ri`fju:z freit/
2/zd/＋/s/ seized someone by /si:z `sQmwQn bai/
2/zd/＋/W/ raised throat /reiz Wr[ut/
2/zd/＋/F/ caused shutdown /kRz FQt`daun/
2/zd/＋/tF/ raised cheque /reiz tFek/
2/zd/＋/b/ refused both /ri`fju:z b[uW/
2/zd/＋/d/ caused division /kRz di`viV[n/
2/zd/＋/g/ seized goods /si:z gudz/
2/zd/＋/v/ raised voice /reiz vRis/
2/zd/＋/z/ caused zealot /kRz `zel[t/
2/zd/＋/T/ caused the result / kRz T[ ri`zQlt/
2/zd/＋/h/ seized hold of /si:z h[uld [v/
2/zd/＋/dV/ raised gently /reiz gentli/
2/zd/＋/l/ caused loss /kR:z lRs/
2/zd/＋/m/ caused me much trouble /kRz mi mQtF trQbl/ 2/zd/＋/n/ raised noise level /reiz nRiz levl/
2/zd/＋/w/ refused wood /ri`fju:z wud/
2/zd/＋/j/ caused you /kRzd ju:/
2/zd/＋/r/ caused result /kR:z ri`zQlt/
/vd/+辅音
2/vd/＋/p/ solved problem /sRlv `prRbl[m/
2/vd/＋/t/ loved typing /lQv `taipiN/
2/vd/＋/k/ loved kidding /lQv `kidiN/
2/vd/＋/f/ loved flower /lQv flau[/
2/vd/＋/s/ involved state /in`vRlv sdeit/
2/vd/＋/W/ loved threatening others /lQv `Wret[niN `QT[z/ 2/vd/＋/F/ loved shaving /lQv `FeiviN/
2/vd/＋/tF/ loved church going /lQv tF[:tF `g[uiN/
2/vd/＋/h/ loved him /lQv him/
2/vd/＋/b/ moved back /mu:v bAk/
2/vd/＋/d/ loved dating /lQv `deitiN/
2/vd/＋/g/ involved government /in`vRlv `gQv[m[nt/
2/vd/＋/v/ loved voting /lQv `v[utiN/
2/vd/＋/z/ loved zoo going /lQv zu: `g[uiN/
2/vd/＋/T/ loved the place /lQv T[ pleis/
2/vd/＋/h/ loved him /lQv him/
2/vd/＋/dV/ involved judgment /in`vRlv `dVQdVm[ny/
2/vd/＋/l/ saved life /seiv laif/
2/vd/＋/m/ loved my parents /lQv mai `pZ[r[nts/
2/vd/＋/n/ moved nothing /mu:v nQWiN/
2/vd/＋/w/ loved washing /lQv `wRFiN/
2/vd/＋/j/ loved yachting /lQv `jRtiN/
2/vd/＋/r/ solved riddles /sRlv ridlz/
/md/+辅音
2/md/＋/p/ assumed position /[zu:m p[`ziF[n/
2/md/＋/t/ armed to the teeth /B:m tu: T[ ti:W/
2/md/＋/k/ assumed condition /[zu:m k[n`diF[n/
2/md/＋/f/ armed forces /B:m fC:siz/
2/md/＋/s/ assumed settling day /[zu:m `setiN dei/
2/md/＋/W/ seemed thousands of them /si:m Waus[ndz [v We m/
2/md/＋/F/ seemed showy /si:m `F[ui/
2/md/＋/tF/ seemed changed /si:m tFeindVd/
2/md/＋/b/ seemed bad /si:m bAd/
2/md/＋/d/ assumed data /[zu:m `deit[/
2/md/＋/g/ seemed greedy /si:m `gri:di/
2/md/＋/v/ assumed value /[zu:m `vAlju:/
2/md/＋/z/ seemed zealous /si:m `sel[s/
2/md/＋/T/ deemed the results unsatisfactory /di:m T[ ri`zQlts/
2/md/＋/h/ deem highly of /di:m `haili [v/
2/md/＋/dV/ seemed joyful /si:m `dVRiful/
2/md/＋/l/ seemed like /si:m laik/
2/md/＋/m/ assumed median /[zu:m `mi:dj[n/
2/md/＋/n/ assumed nothing /[zu:m `nQWiN/
2/md/＋/w/ charmed with /tFa:m wiT/
2/md/＋/j/ doomed year /dum jiE/
2/md/＋/r/ assumed result /[zu:m ri`zQlt/
/Nd/+辅音
2/Nd/＋/p/ belonged partly to /bi`lCN `pB:tli tu/
2/Nd/＋/t/ belonged to /bi`lCN tu/
2/Nd/＋/k/ belonged comfortably to /bi`lCN `kQmf[t[bli tu/ 2/Nd/＋/f/ longed for /lRN fR:/
2/Nd/＋/s/ ringed seal /riN si:l/
2/Nd/＋/W/ banged through /bAN Wru:/
2/Nd/＋/F/ banged shut /bAN FQt/
2/Nd/＋/tF/ banged church gate/bAN tF[:tF geit/
2/Nd/＋/b/ ringed barrel /riN `bAr[l/
2/Nd/＋/d/ kinged domain /kiN d[u`mein/
2/Nd/＋/g/ dinged gossip /diN `gRsip/
2/Nd/＋/v/ kinged valley /kiN `vAli/
2/Nd/＋/z/ ringed zone /riN z[un/
2/Nd/＋/T/ dinged that into my mind /diN TAt intu mai maind/
2/Nd/＋/h/ wronged her /rRN h[:/
2/Nd/＋/dV/ kinged Georgia /kiN dVC:dVj[/
2/Nd/＋/l/ dinged loudly /diN `laudli/
2/Nd/＋/m/ wronged me /rRN mi:/
2/Nd/＋/n/ dinged nothing /diN `nQWiN/
2/Nd/＋/w/ his wronged wife /his rRN waif/
2/Nd/＋/j/ kinged Europe /kiN juErEp/
2/Nd/＋/r/ kinged region /kiN `ri:dV[n/
/nt/+辅音
2/nt/＋/p/ dormant partner /`dR:m[n `pB:ntn[/
2/nt/＋/t/ Lent term /len t[:m/
2/nt/＋/k/ dormant capital /`dR:m[n `kApitl/
2/nt/＋/f/ lament for /l[men fR:/
2/nt/＋/s/ dormant seed /dR:m[n si:d/
2/nt/＋/W/ lent three books to /len Wri: buks tu/
2/nt/＋/F/ lent ships to /len Fips/
2/nt/＋/tF/ the dress lent charm to that girl /len tFB:m tu/ 2/nt/＋/h/ lent her /len h[:/
2/nt/＋/b/ dormant bud /`dR:m[n bud/
2/nt/＋/d/ lent dogs to/len dRgz/
2/nt/＋/g/ lent grills to /len grilz/
2/nt/＋/v/ dormant volcano /`dR:m[n vRl`kein[u/
2/nt/＋/z/ lent zooms to /len zu:m/
2/nt/＋/T/ lamented the death /l[`men T[ deW/
2/nt/＋/h/ lamented his acts /l[`men his `Akts/
2/nt/＋/dV/ lent George a book /len dVR:dV [ buk/
2/nt/＋/l/ absent landlord /Abs[n lAndlC:d/
2/nt/＋/m/ absent minded /Abs[n maindid/
2/nt/＋/n/ lent nothing /len `nQWiN/
2/nt/＋/w/ absent without leave /Abs[n wiTaut li:v/
2/nt/＋/j/ lent you /len ju:/
2/nt/＋/r/ lent Rose a pen /len r[uz [ pen/
/lt/+辅音
2/lt/＋/p/ bolt press /b[ul pres/
2/lt/＋/t/ an insult to /[n `insQl tu:/
2/lt/＋/k/ assault craft /[`sR:l krB:ft/
2/lt/＋/f/ a cult figure /[ kQl `fig[/
2/lt/＋/s/ bolt spring /b[ul spriN/
2/lt/＋/W/ insult three people /`insQl Wri: `pi l/
2/lt/＋/F/ bolt shoulder /b[ul `F[uld[/
2/lt/＋/tF/ bolt chisel /b[ul `tFizl/
2/lt/＋/b/ assault boat /[`sR:l b[ut/
2/lt/＋/d/ insult directly /`insQl di`rektli/
2/lt/＋/g/ assault gun /[`sR:l gQn/
2/lt/＋/v/ insult Vivian /`insQlt `vivi[n/
2/lt/＋/z/ cult zeal /kQl zi:l/
2/lt/＋/T/ insult the intelligence of audience /`insQl Ti in`telidV [ns/
2/lt/＋/h/ insult her /`insQl h[:/
2/lt/＋/dV/ insult George /`insQl dVR:dV/
2/lt/＋/l/ cult leader / kQl `li:d[/
2/lt/＋/m/ insult more /`insQl mR:/
2/lt/＋/n/ insult nurse /`insQl n[:s/
2/lt/＋/w/ bolt wire /b[ul `wai[/
2/lt/＋/j/ insult Yankee /`insQl `jANki/
2/lt/＋/r/ bolt retaining catch /b[ul ri`teiniN cAtF/
类型二：前一词以“破音/擦音+ /t/ /d/”结束，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音
/pt/+辅音/kt/+辅音（如完结于skt则脱k而不是t）/tFt/+辅音/bd/ +辅音/gd/+辅音/dVd/+辅音/Vd/+辅音
/pt/+辅音
2/pt/＋/p/ prompt payment /prRmp peim[nt/
2/pt/＋/t/ abrupt turn /a`brQp t[:n/
2/pt/＋/k/ kept quiet /kep kwai[t/
2/pt/＋/f/ prompt for summary info /prRmp fR: `sQm[ri infR:/ 2/pt/＋/s/ abrupt stop / a`brQp stRp/
2/pt/＋/W/ kept thinking /kep `WiNkiN/
2/pt/＋/F/ prompt shipment /prRmp `Fipm[nt/
2/pt/＋/tF/ abrupt change /a`brQp `tFeindVi/
2/pt/＋/b/ prompt book /prRmp buk/
2/pt/＋/d/ abrupt distribution /a`brQp distri`bju:F[n/
2/pt/＋/g/ prompt goods /prRmp gudz/
2/pt/＋/v/ swept valley /swep vAli/
2/pt/＋/z/ kept zealous /kep `zelEs/
2/pt/＋/T/ kept there /kep TZE/
2/pt/＋/h/ kept her waiting /kep h[: `weitiN/
2/pt/＋/dV/ abrupt junction /a`brQp `dVQNkF[n/
2/pt/＋/l/ kept lots of evidence /kep lRts [v `evid[ns/ 2/pt/＋/m/ abrupt maneuver /a`brQp m[`nu:v[/
2/pt/＋/n/ prompt note /prRmp n[ut/
2/pt/＋/w/ jumped well /dVQmp wel/
2/pt/＋/j/ kept yelling /kep `jeliN/
2/pt/＋/r/ prompt renewal /prRmp ri`nju:[l/
/kt/+辅音
如完结于skt则脱k而不是t
例如：risked prison /rist prizn/
asked him /B:st him/
2/kt/＋/p/ checked pattern /tFek pAt[n/
2/kt/＋/t/ an extinct title /[n iks`tiNkt taitl/
2/kt/＋/k/ lacked clothes /lAk kl[uTz/
2/kt/＋/f/ soaked from /s[uk frRm/