一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各词的复数water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ 二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。
如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：
We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
如：-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _____ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _____(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today?
－It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)____________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays.______________
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词不达意+ be + 主语+ 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词不达意+ be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________see________buy _________love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy ______________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls ___________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _____________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ______________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She ________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I __________ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Frida y today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now
五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，
如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？
如： What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？
如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ Be动词的过去时练习（1）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone_______on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、句型转换
1. It was exciting. 否定句：_____________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：_________________________________________肯、否定回答：___________________________________ 3. They were in his pocket. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：_________________________________________肯、否定回答：_____________________________________ Be动词的过去时练习（2）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：_________________________________________一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯、否定回答：____________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________ 三、中译英
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。___________________________________________________________ 3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。___________________________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习（1）一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ______ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother ______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ________ (sing) and ______ (dance) at the party.
二、句型转换
1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：_______________________________________肯、否定回答：_______________________________
2. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：___________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 3. We sang some English songs. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 行为动词的过去时练习（2）一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We ________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday?
Yes, he ______. 6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
二、句型转换
1. They played football in the playground. 否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：______________________________________肯、否定回答：_____________________________________
三、中译英
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
二、中译英
1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。_________________________________________________________
2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。 _________________________________________________________
3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。 _________________________________________________________
4. 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。 _________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（2）一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.
Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it ye sterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
二、中译英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________
2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________
3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。 _________________________________________________________
六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习
一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。
2．形容词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ；
⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级：
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
三、练习
一)、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______
old_________ young_______ tall_______ long_______ short_______ strong_______ big______ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________ low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________
二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.
6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______.
14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
三)、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are
2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan. ________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________.
3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。
_________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or your _______?My ____________ ___________.
5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.
6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim.
7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______? No, _________ _________ than him.
8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day.
9.我跳得和Mike一样远。I _________ as _______ as Mike.
10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____ _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.
11.多做运动，你会更强壮。________ more exercise,you’ll _________________ soon.
12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I ______ ________ at Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.
13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。
____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___.
14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like_______.All my______ _______ _______than me.
15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My_____ _____ up _____than me.
16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。____the girls______ ______ ______the boys? Yes,they ____.
17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesn’t ____ _____ in PE. But I don’t ______ _____than_____.
18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your classmates?No,they____as____as me.
19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_____ _____ ______than my ______.
20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。_____sweater_____ as_______as_____.
21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。My dress_____ too_____. I want to _____a______one.
22. I'm taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较)I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .
七、There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
What’s + 介词短语？
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________?
8. ______________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________?
10. ______________any books in the bookcase? 11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase?
14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There a lot of sweets in the box.
2、There some milk in the glass.
3、There some people under the the big tree.
4、There a picture and a map on the wall.
5、There a box of rubbers near the books.
6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7、There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8、There four cups of coffee on the table.
Fill in the blank with “ have,has ”
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets 11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________?
15. What does Mike__________?
16. What do your friends___________?
17. What does Helen___________?
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之
后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
人称代词主格宾格物主代词形容词性名词性
我 I me 我的my mine
你，你们you you 你的，你们的your yours
他 he him 他的his his
她 she her 她的her hers
它 it it 它的its its
我们 we us 我们的 our ours
他 they them 他们的 their theirs
一.填写代词表二.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _______. ( she )
3. Is this ______ watch? (you) No, it’s not ______ . ( I )
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on ________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
九、用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14.Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China.
名词练习题 一、写出下列名词得复数形式 1、pｕter ＿＿＿_＿＿_＿____ ２、ａpple _＿__＿＿_____＿３、ｃity __＿_＿＿_＿＿_＿_＿_ 4、houｓe ＿__＿____＿___＿５、sheep __＿＿_________ 6、ｗatcｈ_____＿_＿__＿_＿_ 7、tomaｔo_____＿＿_____＿８、cｈｉld ＿＿_＿__＿___＿__9、ｔｏoth _＿__＿__＿ １０、foｏｔ_________＿____ 11、wife __＿____＿_＿_＿_12、potaｔo___＿___＿＿_＿_ 13、play ＿__＿＿_____＿_＿1４、dａy ____＿_＿_____ １5、glass _______＿______ １７、zoo __＿__＿＿_______ 18、liｆe _＿__＿__＿__＿___ 19、story__＿___＿_＿_＿__ 20、ｌeaf ＿______＿__＿__ 21、bａｂy __＿_＿________ 2２、dｒesｓ_＿_＿＿_＿_＿__＿＿２３、buｔｔerfｌy ＿＿______＿＿__＿24、dｅer _____＿_____＿_ 25、cｌass _＿_＿_＿__＿_＿＿_２6、brｕsh_______＿____＿27、ｋey _____＿_＿_____ 2９、ｍoｕse ________＿___３0、ｍａn ＿__＿____＿___＿ 二、汉译英 1。Tom得足球___＿＿＿___________ ２、老师们得自行车_＿________＿＿___＿_ ３．学生们得课桌___＿______＿___＿__ 4、哥哥得文具盒__＿＿______＿＿_____ 5。姑姑得卡片__＿___＿____＿_＿__＿6、猴子们得香蕉＿___＿__＿_______＿_ 7。蚂蚁们得早餐＿＿________＿＿_＿___ 8、妈妈得包＿＿___＿________＿__ 9.姐姐得连衣裙_＿_＿__＿____＿_____ １0女孩们得苹果______________＿__ 三、把下列句子翻译成英文 1.这些就是Ｐetｅr 得篮球吗？_＿＿______＿_＿______＿_____＿_＿＿_____＿＿_____ 2。这个就是老师得钢笔吗? _______＿＿__＿＿＿_＿_＿_______＿_＿＿＿___＿_____＿___ 3。有一些书在Sam得课桌上.＿________＿____＿______＿__＿＿＿__＿＿_＿______＿ 4.有一些孩子们在教室里。_____＿____＿_＿__＿＿______＿_______＿___＿_____＿_ 四、改错(圈出错处，在横线上改正过来） １、There ａｒe ｓｏme ｂutterflｙｓon the taｂｌe、________________＿_______ 2、Ｔhis ｉs Aｌｉｃe ｄress、____＿_＿______＿______＿_ ３、I liｋe tomatｏverｙmｕcｈ、___＿＿_＿__＿__＿_____
小学英语语法大全 第1讲字母 1、英语中共有26个字母。Aa，Ee，Ii，Oo，Uu是元音字母，Yy是半元音字母，其余是辅音字母。英语单词就是由这26个字母组合而成的。Aa和Ii可以独立成词，分别表示“一个（张……）”和“我”的意思，Ii翻译成“我”时要大写。 2、英语字母可以分为印刷体和书写体。在书、报、杂志上见到的一般都是印刷体。在四线三格上书写时应注意书写位置，可以记住以下口诀：大写字母不顶格，小写字母占满格。书写时还要注意字母的笔顺。 3、英语句子的第一个单词的首字母要大写。单词与单词之间在书写时必须保持适当的距离，一般以空出一个小写字母的宽度为宜。句子的末尾要有标点符号。 4、英语中的句号是一个实心圆点(.)，省略号是三个居下的实心圆点（…），英语中没有顿号和书名号，顿号用逗号替代，书名用斜体字表示。 5、英语缩写词 PRC中华人民共和国UN 联合国 WHO 世界卫生组织NBA美国职业篮球联赛KFC 肯德基 IT 信息技术 EQ 情商 CCTV 中国中央电视台kg 千克 a.m. 上午USA 美国 HK 香港 WTO 世界贸易组织 CBA 中国男子篮球联赛 ATM 自动柜员机 ID 身份证 CPU 中央处理器 BBC 英国广播公司 cm 厘米 p.m. 下午 UK 英国 SOS 国际求救信号 UFO 不明飞行物 VIP 贵宾 EMS邮政特快专递 IQ 智商 RMB 人民币 VOA 美国之音 No. 号码 6
第2讲语音 1、音素：语音的最小单位。 2、元音：发音时气流不受阻碍。元音分为单元音和双元音两类。 单元音发音时唇形和舌位不变；双元音发音时由一个元音向另一个 元音滑动，唇形和舌位有一个变化过程，且前重后轻，前长后短。 3、辅音：发音时气流受到阻碍。辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音两类。 清辅音发音时声带不振动；浊辅音发音时声带振动。 4、音标：用来记录音素的符号。为了避免与字母混淆，音标被放在斜括号/ /内。 5、英语中的一个字母或字母组合在不同的单词中发音可能是不一样的，而相同的发音对应的字母或字母组合也可能不完全相同。 6、开音节：以元音字母结尾或以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加不发音的e结尾 （r除外）的音节。元音字母在开音节中读长音，即该字母的名称音。 闭音节：以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾。元音字母在闭音节中读短音。
高考英语语法练习题精选 1. --Hello, this is . A. How are you? B. Will you come tonight? C. Can I take a mesage? D. Is that Mike? 2. Tom suggested that we __________such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it _________of great importance. A. not hold ; should be B. didn't hold ; be C. hold ; was D. not hold ; was 3. You should take the medicine after you read the __________. A. lines B. instructions C. words D. suggestions 4. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I__________ the living-room all day. A. painted B. have been painting C. had painted D. have painted 5. I'm sorry. I _____________ you__________ to me. A. don't know; are speaking B. don't know ;were speaking C. didn't know; were speaking D. didn't know; are speaking 6. "Please __________why you're so late," said his girlfriend. A. excuse B. explain C. apologize D. tell 7. The rescue team made every __________ to find the missing mountain climber.
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
小学英语语法总结及练习 一、名词复数规则 1. 一般情况下，直接力口 -s ,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，力口 -es ，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3. 以 辅音字母 y"结尾，变 y 为 i,再力口-es ，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4 .以"或 fe "结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es ,如：knife-knives , leaf ----------- leaves 5. 不规则名词复数： man-men, woma n-wome n, policema n-policeme n, policewoma n-policewome n, child-children , foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, people-people, Chin ese-Chi nese, Japa nese-Japa nese 写出下列各词的复数 二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍： 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如： The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如： I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。 3. 表示客观现实。如： The earth goes around the sun 地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成： 1. be 动词：主语+ be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。 女口： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 【No. 2】一般现在时的变化 1. be 动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be not +其它。 女口： He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 女口： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 非凡疑问句：疑问词+—般疑问句。如： Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ don 't( does n't)+ 动词原形(其它)。如：I don't like bread. man _____ woman ______ her _____ diary ______ dress ________ strawberry _____ bus ______
小学英语语法讲解及习题——时态篇: (一)一般现在时基本用法介绍与练习 一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 【注意】当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1.be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 3.动词+s的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks 2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink________go________stay________make________look________have________ pass________carry________come________watch________plant________fly________ study________brush________do________teach________ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.He often________(have)dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy_______(be)in Class One. 3.We_______(not watch)TV on Monday. 4.Nick_______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday. 5.______they________(like)the World Cup? 6.What_______they often_______(do)on Saturdays? 7._______your parents_______(read)newspapers every day? 8.The girl_______(teach)us English on Sundays. 9.She and I________(take)a walk together every evening. 10.There________(be)some water in the bottle. 11.Mike_______(like)cooking. 12.They_______(have)the same hobby. 13.My aunt_______(look)after her baby carefully. 14.You always_______(do)your homework well.
【英语】英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析 一、语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good night's sleep. ________ (dress) in special all-in-one sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn ________ they get under the covers. Dr Chris Idzikowski, ________ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He ________ (explain) that "There's plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night ________ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs partly because the blood vessels (血管) ________ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat." "A warm bed –approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis –is ________ good way to start this process while a cold bed isn't. It helps people sleep well especially as it's taking much ________ (long) for them to warm up when they come in from the snow." Dr Chris Idzikowski and ________ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like "having a giant hot water bottle in your bed". The five-minute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester ________ the end of next month. 【答案】 Dressed；before；director；explained；when；of；a；longer；his；at 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款新发明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好处。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。动词dress与这句话的主语the walking electric blankets之间是被动关系，故填Dressed。 （2）考查状语从句。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。根据句意，客人睡觉之前需要暖床，故填before。 （3）考查名词。句意：爱丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士说，这个办法能帮助人们更好地入睡。空格前是一个人名，两个逗号之间的部分是这个人名的同位语，所以应填一个表示人的名词。故填director。 （4）考查时态。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。由上一句中said使用的是一般过去时可知，这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填explained。 （5）考查定语从句。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。根据句意，这是一个定语从句，先行词为the beginning of the night，并且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故填关系词when。 （6）考查介词。句意：人体温度之所以会下降，部分原因在于，（这时）人的手部、脸部以及脚部的血管开始扩张，散发了热量。空前前后都是名词，所以空格处应填介词，the blood vessels与the hands之间属于所属关系，故填of。 （7）考查冠词。句意：温暖的床（温度大约在20到24摄氏度之间）有助于人们入睡而冰冷的床则会妨碍人们入睡。空格位于谓语动词后，空格后为一个可数单数名词短语，所以空格处应填不定冠词。“good”是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。
六年级语法总复习 一、词汇 （一）一般过去时态 一般过去时态表示在过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如yesterday, last weekend ,last Saturday ,等连用。基本句型：主语+动词的过去式+其他。例句——What did you do last weekend?你上周做什么了？ ——I played football last weekend.我踢足球了。 ★规则动词过去式的构成 ⒈一般在动词原形末尾加-ed。例如：play—played ⒉词尾是e的动词直接加-d。例如：dance—danced ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。例如stop（停止）--stopped ⒋结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，变“y”为“i”，再加-ed，例如：study--studied ★一些不规则变化的动词过去式 am/is—was are—were go—went swim—swam fly—flew do—did have—had say—said see—saw take—took come—came become—became get—got draw—drew hurt—hurt read—read tell—told will—would eat—ate take—took make—made drink—drank sleep(睡觉)—slept cut（切）--cut sit(坐)—sat begin(开始)—began think—thought find—found run(跑)---ran buy—bought win—won give(给)—gave sing—sang leave—left hear（听）--heart wear—wore （二）一般现在时态 一般现在时态表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态，表示习惯性或客观存在的事实和真理。常与often ,always ,usually ,sometimes ,every day等连用。基本句型分为两种情况： ●主语（非第三人称）+动词原形+其他。例句：——What do you usually do on the weekend?——I usually do my homework on the weekend. ●主语（第三人称）+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他。例句： ——What does Sarah usually do on the weekend?萨拉通常在周末干什么？ ——She usually does her homework on the weekend.她通常在周末做她的家庭作业。 ★动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在动词词尾加-s.例如：play—plays ⒉以s ,x ,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es。例如：watch—watches ⒊以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es,例如：fly—flies ⒋个别不规则变化动词，需单独记忆，例如：do—does go—goes （三）现在进行时态 现在进行时态表示说话人现在正在进行的动作。基本句型：主语+be+动词的-ing+其他。 例如:——What are you doing ?你在干什么？ ——I am doing my homework..我正在做作业。 ★动词现在分词的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在词尾加ing ，例如;wash—washing ⒉以不发音e字母结尾的动词，去掉e ,再加ing.例如：make—making ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，要双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing.例如swim—swimming （四）一般将来时态 一般将来时态表示将来某一时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间如tomorrow ,next weeken ,this afternoon 等连用。我们通常用will,be going to+动词原形来表示一般将来时态。
小学英语语法练习题(请给答案） 一双基单词 1 秘书__________ 2选择___________ 3 建筑工地___________ 4规则 ______ 5 亲戚__________ 6一起__________ 7 生气____________ 8去野餐 ______ 9计划__________ 10管理;监督___________ 11请勿吸烟___________ 12空气污染__________ 13危险的__________ 14 洗盘子__________ 15 职业访问__________ 17乘地铁__________ 18 终点站__________ 19说谎___________20 暑假______________ 二 ( ) 1. Who’s taller, _______? A. Liu Tao’s or Gao Shan’s B. Liu Tao or Gao Shan C. Gao Shan’s or Liu Tao D. Gao Shan or Liu Tao’s ( ) 2.._____ fatter, Liu Tao or Gao Shan? A. whose B. who’s C. Whose D. Who’s ( ) 3. Whose dog is bigger,_____? A. Liu Tao’s or Gao Shan’s B. Liu Tao or Gao Shan C. Gao Shan’s or Liu Tao D. Gao Shan or Liu Tao’s ( ) 4. This is _____week of this term. A. nine B. the nineth C. ninth D. the ninth ( ) 5. Are there two _____ on the table? A. box B. boxs C. boxes D. boxse ( ) 6. Here’s some _____ for you. A. grapes B. hamburger C. glasses of milk D. milk ( ) 7. _____ sun is bigger than _____ moon. A. /, / B. A, a C. the, the D. The, the ( ) 8. We all had _____ nice time last Friday evening._____. A. / B. a C. an D. the ( ) 9. Who is _____ girl behind _____ tree? A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a ( ) 10. Look at _____ old man. A. a B. an C. the D./ ( ) 11. There is _____ map of the world on _____ wall. _____ map is mine. A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the, A ( ) 12. There’re many _____ on the farm. A. milk B. tree C. rice D. sheep ( ) 13. Are there any _____ in the building. A. fruit B. pianoes C. radios D. childs 三．用所给单词正确形式填空 1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me. 2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是一般不可数名词。 3. 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以用数目计算数量的名词 不可数名词——不能直接用数目计算数量的名词（没有单复数之分） 1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”： a如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 b如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；读音：[iz]。 c如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；读音：[z]。 d 如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。 e 读音：[z]。
f．不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，有以下两种表示方法： 1）用some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of等表示多少。 注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of , some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等。 如There is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。 I'll tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。 we should collect some useful information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。 2）★★用单位词表示。 用表示。 如 a cup of （一杯......），a bottle of （一瓶......） a piece of （一张......），a pair of shoes（一双鞋） 如two cups of tea（两杯茶）, five pieces of paper（五张纸） 注意，数词大于一，单位词要变成复数形式。 四、名词所有格（表示所有关系） 构成方法： 1）有生命的名词的所有格：(+’s/’) A）单数名词后加“’s ”，如：Su Hai’s twin sister苏海的双胞胎妹妹Jim’s family吉姆的一家 B）以“s ”结尾的复数名词，只需加“’”，如：Teachers’ Day教师节the twins’ parents C)不以“s ”结尾的复数名词，则仍需加“’s ”，如：Children’s Day儿童节 2）表示时间、距离、重量等名词的所有格：(+’s/’) today’s news今天的新闻New Year’s Day新年ten minutes’ walk十分钟路程 注意：表示两人或几人共有的物品，只需将最后一个名词变成所有格形式，如：Ben and Jim’s
★第一课人称代词 1. Are these ________（you）pencils?Yes, they are ________（our）. 2. -Whose is this pencil? -It's ________（I）. 3. I love ________（they）very much. 4. She is________（I）classmate. 5. Miss Li often looks after________（she）brother. 6 -Are these ________（they）bags ？ -No, they aren't ________（their）. They are ________（we）. 7. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.( I ) 8. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 9. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 1. This bike is my sister`s. It belongs to ______ (她的)。 2. This isn`t my book. _______(我的) is in the bag. 3.Could_________(你)ask_________(他) to call_________(我)back? 4.Don’t forget_________（我们）? 5._________(我们)would like to buy_________ (它们). 6. ---Who is it in this picture? ---It’s ____________(我). 7. There’s one dollar on the floor. Pick___________(它)up. 8._________（他们）are friendly to___________（你们）. 9.Does_________（他）give_______(它)to__________(她)？ 10._________（他）does__________(他的)homework on Sunday. 1. Hello, may ___________ (我) speak to Jack? 2. My bag is small. Can I use ____________ (你的)? 3. That is___________(他们的) new house. 4. My ruler is long. ____________ ( 她的) is short. 5. __________(他的) teacher is good. ___________(她的)is good, too. 6. Mr. Green often tells ___________(我们) some stories. 7.________（他）often helps ________（我们）with our lessons. 8.Shall ________（我们）go and join ________（她们）? 9. ________（我）want to go with ________（他们）． 10. Could _______（你）tell_______（我）how to get to the nearest hotel? 1. Let ________（我）help ________（你们）． 2. It's time for ________（她）to go home. 3. It's very nice of ________（你）． 4. This bike is my sister`s. It belongs to ______ (她的)。 5._________（他）does__________(他的)homework on Sunday.
小学英语语法总结及讲解 一、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 二、现在进行时 1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为： 疑问词+ be + 主语+ 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则
【英语】高二英语语法填空模拟试题含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports. 【答案】the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；compared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中，研究人员估计，美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。（1）考查冠词。句意：自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。 （2）考查时态。句意：人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知，主语是humans，故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。 （3）考查代词。句意：它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词，此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。 （4）考查形容词。句意：在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology（科学与技术）。故填environmental。 （5）考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。（6）考查名词。句意：尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health 是主语的一部分，可知此处用名词作主语，且谓语动词是are，故用可数名词复数，填effects。 （7）考查副词。句意：但研究人员强调，人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。 （8）考查介词。句意：最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from，固定短语，“来自”。故填from。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行词为drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的宾语，故此处填which。故填which。