2008届《新课标》高三英语(人教版)第二轮复习专题讲座讲座六：阅读理解1

专题一阅读理解细节理解题增分点(一)——间接细节理解题细节理解题常分为直接细节理解题、间接细节理解题和概括细节理解题。

间接细节理解题相对于直接细节理解题而言难度要大，命题的迷惑性更大，因为此类题目的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换，两者存在表达上的差异。

考生不能从原文中直接找到答案，而是要对原文信息稍加归纳才能得出正确答案。

[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B节选)...Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein)．Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质)．The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants.As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C....24．What does the author seem to like about cherries?A．They contain protein.B．They are high in vitamin A.C．They have a pleasant taste.D．They are rich in antioxidants.[解析] 选C 在该选段中，作者比较了草莓、蓝莓、樱桃和核桃类水果各自不同的优点，从其中“As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares？”这句话可知，人们喜欢樱桃是因为它们味道甜美。

2008年新课标人教版高三英语第二轮复习专题讲座六：阅读理解高考阅读理解的解题技巧阅读理解作为考查考生语言能力的重点，《考试大纲》提出了明确的要求：“要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料。

考生应能：理解主旨要义；理解文中具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；作出简单判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图和态度。

”高考英语阅读理解也围绕这一要求来命题，基本上可分为五类：1．细节判断题；2．猜测词义题；3．主旨大意题；4．推理引申题；5．篇章结构题。

下面以2004、2005、2006年全国统一高考英语科试题为例来分析上述五种试题的命题特点、具体要求以及解题技巧和方法。

第一节细节判断题解题技巧《普通高中英语课程标准》中达到英语学科的高中毕业要求为七级，其有关阅读最基本的要求是：“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。

对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是：细节判断。

这类题在高考阅读理解题中占一定的比例，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。

同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。

因此，要特别重视做好这类题。

细节判断题题干常见的问句形式多种多样。

如：Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?Which of the following statements is NOT true?Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?Which of the following is NOT considered as …?According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for … ?How many … … ？What/who/when/where/how/why … … ?做这类题的一般方法是通过skimming把握文章中心后，再通过寻读法（scanning）快速确定该细节在文中的出处（信息源），对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。

人教版高三英语二轮复习试题阅读理解Margaret Mead, the most famous anthropologist(人类学家）in the world, was born in the USA in 1901,the oldest of five children. Her father was a professor of finance and her mother was a sociologist. After studying psychology as an undergraduate, Mead began a PhD in the relatively new field of anthropology. Mead was particularly interested in primitive communities because she believed that such isolated cultures could serve as "laboratories" that would reveal ways of living that the modern world had forgotten about but needed to remember.Having travelled to Samon, a few tiny volcanic, tropical islands in the center of the Pacific Ocean, Mead gradually got interested in gender roles and discovered that modern societies are far more strict in this area than primitive ones. For example, Americans tend to think of men as productive, sensible, and aggressive, while women are often told they're more light-hearted, peaceful, and nurturing. But in her 1935 book, Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies, Mead studied tribes in Papua New Guinea and recorded that in the Arapesh tribe, both men and women were peaceful and nurturing, while among the Mundugurnor tribe, men and women were both ruthless and aggressive.Mead's striking conclusion is that it isn't gender that makes women curl their hair or listen to people's feelings, or race that makes some nations regularly attack their neighbors. Rather, it's the social expectations and norms that have laid the groundwork for each individual's psychological makeup."We must recognize, "she reminded her readers, "that beneath the superficial(表面上的）classifications of sex and race, the same potentialities always exist, occurring again generation after generation, only to perish because society has no place for them."She is regarded as one of the most influential social scientists of the last century. People around the world mourned the death of Margaret Mead in 1978.A year later, the president of the United States, Jimmy Carter, honored the social scientist with America's highest award for civilians.1．What can we learn about Mead from the text?A．She was influenced by her mother to be an anthropologist.B．She majored in psychology and anthropology as an undergraduate.C．She believed isolated cultures could expose forgotten ways of living to the modern world. D．She discovered modern societies are less strict in gender roles than primitive ones.2．It can be inferred from Mead's study in tribes thatA．the world is filled with separate cultures.B．no gender characteristics are ever simply" human nature".C．knowing another culture will help us reflect on our own.D．social standards are responsible for individual's development.3．What does the underlined word "them" in the third paragraph refer to?A．Shared potential among humans.B．Classifications of gender and race.C．Social expectations and norms.D．Individual's psychological makeups.4．What's the passage mainly about?A．The difference between men and women.B．The recommendation of Mead's book.C．The introduction about a great anthropologist.D．The groundwork for each individual's makeup.七选五Apps such as WeChat and TikTok have gained popularity in recent years.1．Also TikTok is already a household name globally, maybe one of the Chinese brands to truly be recognized universally.WeChat is particularly relied upon as a secure part of the structure of our technologically advancing societies.2．Moreover, a court in Haidian allows litigants(诉讼当事人）to communicate with their lawyers through WeChat video connections.Many features of WeChat alongside its well-thought-out design has meant that the app has dominated its competitors domestically, especially during the disorderly origin years of 2012-13,when it was gaining traction.The ability to move through web pages without tags and save articles alongside other offline content within the app simplified the online experience.3．This is a fantastic application designed to combine the comprehensive nature of the web experience with the simplistic convenience of mobile apps.4．An example is that, instead of a loading white screen, users, when opening a PW A app such as WeChat, will simply at first see the content that had been previously browsing, allowing them to pick up where they left off, much like reading a book.The intuitive(直观的）design is what makes WeChat not just an app in communicating with friends and family. 5．You can also order a taxi through it. All of these extra features boil down to the one single universal strength of detail in design and multiple app service integration.A．Residents in Guangzhou can use the app to store their ID cards.B．Many may bring up the fact that you can pay for goods and services.C．WeChat alone, as of 2020,boasts more than I billion users worldwide.D．The app itself has no doubt also been an influence on many Western apps.E．In a web browser, a list of favourite sites saves for future use while browsing.F．Users didn't have to switch constantly from app to app depending on the type of multimedia they consumed.G．The continuity(连续性）in the online and offline browsing experience makes WeChat successful in keeping our attention on the display of our phones.完形填空When I opened my door this morning, I saw a sign that says, "Good morning, beautiful business."It is a reminder to me of just how beautiful our business can be when we put all our care and energy into it.I 1 the White Dog Cafe in 1983 on the first floor of my house. It is the house I have lived in since I was a child. Today, much of the food 1 2 comes from the same land where my 3 once farmed. Years ago, it was a simple coffee take-away shop serving students who lived nearby. Over the years, we have 4 our menu and grown to 5 five buildings. I owe my success to making decisions not for the purpose of maximizing(使··....最大化） 6 but instead maximizing the 7 with our customers and community. Today I still have the 8 way of doing business-the way it was in the old days with the family farm, the family inn. When I make a 9 ,it comes 10 for my decision to be made in the common interest of all 11 .Business schools teach "grow or die". But I make a conscious decision to continue to be a ＂small" business 12 I know when we grow in physical size, we would 13 something very important-authentic relationships with the people around us. I have come to realize that we can measure our 14 by measuring how much we improve our knowledge, achieve 15 and deepen our relationships.1．A．opened B．ruined C．visited D．disturbed2．A．request B．manage C．serve D．support3．A．professors B．ancestors C．sponsors D．customers4．A．dragged B．tried C．expanded D．carried5．A．build B．construct C．bury D．occupy6．A．images B．feelings C．opportunities D．profits7．A．relationships B．promises C．experiences D．projects8．A．neat-handed B．short-sighted C．hard-earned D．old-fashioned9．A．decision B．importance C．schedule D．diagram10．A．extremely B．awkwardly C．naturally D．secretly11．A．involved B．invited C．informed D．interested12．A．although B．because C．until D．before13．A．take up B．learn about C．carry out D．give up14．A．lifestyle B．figure C．program D．success15．A．patience B．protection C．happiness D．kindness用单词的适当形式完成短文UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has started plans for a "cycling and walking revolution". It, if fully 1．(realize),could change the way people move around towns and cities.The move comes as authorities' attempt 2．(improve)public health by arousing people's interest in traveling by bike and on foot. The plans, which are 3．(special)designed for England, are to be funded by £ 2 billion.Wide-ranging in their scope, they include 4．(aspect)such us: providing cycling training to children and adults 5．they want it, developing a network of protected bike routes, and creating "low-traffic neighborhoods."Xavier Brice, the CEO of Sustrans, a charity which focused on cycling and walking, 6．（say)the new plans marked" a big step forward" by the government."By 7．(help)more people to leave the car at home for shorter journeys, this package of measures will cut pollution and improve the safety of our streets," he added.The coronavirus pandemic has already had a significant effect 8．the way people move about. Public transport use in the UK has fallen greatly while some parts of the country 9．（change) their roads lately to make 10．easier for people to get around by walking or by bike.答案：阅读: 1-4 C B A C 七选五： C A F G B完形：1-5: A C B C D 6-10 : D A D A C 11-15: A B D D C语法填空：1．realized 2．to improve 3．specially 4．aspects 5．if/ when6．said 7．helping 8．on 9．have changed 10．it。

子《新课标》高三英语（人教版）第二轮复习专题讲座第一讲情景交际考纲解读及复习策略：明确新课程标准八级在口语交际方面的能力要求，熟悉课表列举的功能意念项目表及话题项目表，组织学生实际练习这些功能和话题。

重点复习相关交际用语：分析历年全国统一高考, 情景交际主要从以下三个角度命题: 1) 特定语境中的问与答; 2）中、英语言习惯差异和文化背景差异；3）语言知识寓于交际语境中。

07年高考更倾向把语法知识点尽量容入实际交际情景中考查, 并且每题至少考查两个以上的知识点。

这样一来，情景交际就显得特别重要。

也就是说要做好高考英语中的语言基础知识题（单项选择题），首先得掌握情景交际。

课程标准所列的功能意念项目、话题项目是情景交际出题的依据, 这里不再一一列举。

现就特定语境中的问与答及中、英语言习惯和文化背景差异两方面的考查热点及备考过程中常遇到的几个问题说明如下：1．With pleasure和My pleasure有什么区别?With pleasure. 意思是“非常乐意（效劳）”，常用于对别人请求的回复；My pleasure 和It’s m y pleasure同义，是“不用谢、甭客气”的意思，是回答对方表示感谢的客套话。

[练一练]1．——Thanks ______ the lovely party and the delicious food.——________.A．you; Never mind B．you; All right C．for; With pleasure D．for; My pleasure 2．——Will you serve me another coffee?——______! Black ____ white?A．With pleasure; or B．My pleasure; and C．It’s a pleasure; or D．It depends; and 2．如何表达“别着急”?口语中表达“别着急”通常用“take it easy”和“take your time”。

2008 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标卷）英语试卷第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1 分，满分15分）21. —Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?—, but I promised Nancy to go out with her.A. I’d like toB.I like itC.I don’tD.I will22. —What fruit is in season now?—Grapes and peaches, .A.I knowB.I thinkC.I seeD.I feel23.The performance nearly three hours,but few people left the theatre early.A. coveredB. reachedC.playedsted24.Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing a stepping-stone to future success.A. toB. forC. asD.by25.The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt the season.A. whateverB.whereverC. wheneverD.however26.I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good .A. to be breathedB. to breatheC.breathingD. being breathed27. —Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?—Yes,since she the Chinese Society.A. has joinedB. joinsC.had joinedD.joined28.You're driving too fast. Can you drive ?A. more slowly a bitB.slowly a bit moreC.a bit more slowlyD. slowly more a bit29.The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a cold front to arrive.A. is expectedB.is expectingC.expectsD.will be expected30.—Which of the two computer games did you prefer?—Actually I didn’t like .A. both of them C.none of themB. either of them D. neither of them31.—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?—I don’t mind where we go there’s sun,sea and beach.A. as ifB.as long asC. now thatD. in order that32.The weather was cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.A .really B. such C.too D. so33.The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from spoken in England.A. whichB.whatC. thatD. the one34.After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane her job as a doctor in the countryside.A. set outB.took overC.took upD. set up35.—Sorry,I made a mistake again.—Practice more and you’ll succeed.A. Never mindB. Certainly notC.Not at allD. Don’t mention it第二节第二节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

08年高考英语复习题阅读理解篇(含答案与解析)(1)英语in the past 10 years, america’s national basketball association (nba) has grown increasingly dependent on the rest of the world to supply players.when michael jordan and larry bird won gold in barcelona in 1992, the americans were praised for teaching the world how to play basketball. this season, however, 20 percent of nba rosters (花名册) will be filled by non-americans. nba commissioner david stern happily embraces the trend. on a visit to paris in october, stern outlined his vision for the future, which is likely to see europe hosting nba games by 2010.the nba is now planning to take china by storm.“our experience in china has been that it is going to be explosive in its growth,”said stern. the strategy in china is tv. “we’ve made 14 deals in china with local and national networks on cable and satellite.” the success chinese centre yao ming has paved the way for the nba marketing blitz in china. the nba, which is broadcasted in more than 200 countriesin 42 languages, will put that to the test in october 2004 when the houston rockets play two pre-season games against the sacramento kings in beijing market to compensate for tough times on home soil.“it doesn’t matter where the players come from, all the nba teams now know that they have to scout (寻找)internationally,” said terry lyons, the nba’s vice-president of international public relations. “it has increased the level of competition here.”as frenchman tony parker and argentine emanuel ginobili showed in winning championship rings with the san antonio spurs last season, many people can earn the respect of their america peers. others, such as houston rockets’ chinese centre yao ming— draft pick in 2002—and the detroit pistons’ 18-year-old serb darko milicic—number two overall in this year’s draft—are icons(偶像) in waiting. it is the ultimate (根本的) revolution—the rest of the world teaching the us how to play basketball.1. according to the report, .a. michael jordan is still playing a very important role in nbab. the part played by the foreign players in nba will be greatc. yao ming is to play two pre-season games in nbad. european countries will host the 2004 nba games2. the underlined phrase “take china by storm”has the meaning of .a. nba intends to make china its “marketing center”b. nba is planning to set up some training centers in china.c. there’ll be a big storm when nba comes to a china to play against the sacramento kingsd. the nba’s live basketball games will be broadcasted on all the tvs in china.3. what seems to be the biggest change that is happening to nba?a. nba is expecting more foreign players to join the nba league.b. china’s rapid development in sports affects nba.c. yao ming has taken the place of jordan.d. the nba will stop teaching the world how to play basketball.4. when the writer talked of “home soil”, he wasreferring to .a. farms in the statesb. native americansc. the nba training centerd. the usa5. which of the following can be used as the best title for the passage?a. the non-american basketball playersb. nba is to coming to chinac. the foreign ties that bind the nbad. nba is making big progress答案与解析：1．b 根据第2段20 percent of nba rosters (花名册) will be filled by non-americans. 和文章后半部分terry 说的话it has increased the level of competition here.可判断出外国球员将在nba 起到举足轻重的作用。

2008年新课标人教版高三英语第二轮复习专题讲座九：书面表达说明文和议论文写作训练说明文写作训练一、某外商考察组一行来到你父亲工厂考察投资环境。

由于没有翻译请你负责接待，请你按一下提示事先准备好一个工厂的口头介绍。

二、随着网络的发展，目前很多人给亲朋好友发电子贺卡，请根据提示阐述电子贺卡的优越性。

1．可播放动画和声音。

2．传播速度快。

3．形式多样。

4．有利于环境保护，节省资源。

文章包括以上要点，可适当发挥，不要逐条翻译。

电子贺卡：electronic card三、北京成功地取得了2008年奥运会的举办权，由此许多外国旅游团来北京参观，你写一篇文章为他们介绍北京申办奥运的情况。

内容包括：1。

中国占世界人口的五分之一，在北京举办奥运会将会向更多的人宣传奥运精神；2。

北京历史悠久，文化灿烂；3。

城市发展迅速，具有一流的通讯、交通设施和宾馆；4。

北京将建成一个由森林和绿地环绕的大型现代化的奥运花园，它是运动员创造最佳成绩的理想场地；5．北京具有丰富的举办大型运动会的经验。

6。

在28届雅典奥运会金牌榜上中国位居第二。

四、以Panda为题，用5句话写一篇介绍熊猫的短文。

内容提示：1．似熊非熊，人称“熊猫”，但科学家称之为猫熊。

2．颜色黑白相间，喜爬树，吃竹笋，喝泉水3．产于四川，甘肃两省的高山密林中4．受到各国人民的喜爱，受国家保护。

开头句已经给出The panda is a lovely animal.五、假定你是李华。

你和几个朋友约定星期天在人民公园野餐(to have a picnic)。

你们的英国朋友Peter也应邀参加。

请你根据下面的示意图，给他写封短信，告诉他进公园后如何找到你们。

注意：1.词数80─100。

2.开头语和结尾已为你写好。

六、假如你是赵兰，从北京周末报上看到北京某公司招聘一名英文秘书的启事，请根据启事用英文写一封简短的应聘书。

应聘书必须包括以下的要点，不要逐条翻译。

首尾句已经给出，七、假如你是Goerge Green，由于疏忽，于5月4日晚在友谊宾馆餐厅就餐时，丢失了一个黑色手提包，内有计算机光盘（disk）四个，小型收音机（mini-radio）一台，去澳大利亚的机票一张，还有6000多美圆的现金，万分焦急。