阅读训练：主旨大意
（1）
（总词汇量：312words）
Look at the light and beautiful snowflakes (雪花) falling. Ever wants to hold them in your hands? They are always lost when they meet your hands.
Well, this wasn’t just a problem for you. It was a problem for Wilson Bentley, too.
In the 1870s, Wilson Bentley was just a teenager. His family lived in a small town in northeast of America. Winters there were long and hard. Bentley’s mother was once a school teacher. She taught him at home. Bentley di dn’t go to school until he was 14. He was a quiet boy, and loved reading his mother’s books.
But it was his mother’s microscope (显微镜) that interested him. When the other boys were playing with balls, little Bentley was studying things like drops of water, flowers and snowflakes. Bentley loved watching snowflakes. For the next two years young Bentley spent many winter days in a cold room watching these ice crystals under his microscope.
The boy thought they were so beautiful that he started to draw pictures of them. But there were so many snowflakes that he couldn’t draw them all.
How could he keep their beauty forever? Bentley thought of buying a camera.
The boy and his mother asked his father to buy one. But, his father didn’t agree. He thought the whole thing was a bad idea. He thought the only thing a farmer should do was farming.
But finally Bentley did get a camera. For more than a year he tried to take pictures of snowflakes. On January 15, 1885, during a snowstorm, Bentley took the first ever photo of an ice crystal with his camera. “It was the greatest moment of my life,” Bentley said later.
For 13 years, Bentley worked quietly and took thousands of photos of ice crystals. Later he became known as “Snowflake” Bentley.
Snowflake Photos
Snowflake Boy
Long and Hard Winters
Teenage Photographer
（2）
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Computers are very important to modern (现代的) life. Many people think that in the future computers will be used in everyday life. It is thought that we won’t have to go shopping because we will be able to get most things which are sold in shops on the Internet. There will be no more books because we will be able to get all the texts from computers. The Internet will be used to play games, see the films and buy food. Most telephone calls will be made by computers.
Some people are glad about these new ways of shopping and communicating Others do not think that computers will replace (取代) our old ways.
Let’s look at books, for example. Some people think that one day we will not read books made of paper. Instead, we will buy and read books using computers. We will read texts on small pocket computers. The computers will keep many diffe rent books in them at the same time. We won’t need to turn lots of pages and paper will be saved. Computerized (计算机化的) books will be used more and more.
Is Internet shopping such a pleasure as going to the shop? Many people say it is not. It is a pleasure to go into shops and look at things you want to buy. Also probably people won’t like to read large texts on our
computers. Because paper books seem to be more friendly. Maybe computers won’t change these two habits (习惯).
Computers Will Replace Shops and Books
Computers Will Do Everything for Man
Computers Are the Future
How Computers Change Our Habits
（3）
(总词汇量：148words)
Scientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts, so people can live and grow food. They are learning a lot about the deserts. But more and more of the earth is becoming desert all the time. Scientists may not be able to theme the desert. Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth.
Some places on the earth don’t get much rain. But they still don’t become deserts. This is because some green plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places. Plants don’t let the hot sun make the earth even drier. Plants don’t let the wind blow the earth away. When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become a desert much more easily.
Scientists know how to change desert, into good land.
Land is becoming desert faster than scientists can change it back into
good land.
If scientists can bring water to desert, people can live and grow food there.
More and more places are becoming deserts all the time.
（4）
(总词汇量：127words)
A dog has a piece of meat in his mouth. He’s going to eat it at home. As he is walking on a bridge (桥), he looks down and sees himself in the river. That dog looks like him and he has a piece of meat in his mouth, too. The dog thinks it’s another dog. So he says to himself, “I want to eat more meat. I must make him run away from here and get the meat in his mouth. Then I can have two pieces.” He opens his mouth to bark (吠). That dog in the water barks at him. Suddenly, his meat goes down into the water. The dog is so angry, he jumps into the water to catch the other dog.
The greedy (贪心的) dog gets nothing at last.
The dog is a clever one.
A dog always wants two pieces of meat.
The dog can get two pieces of meat
（5）
(总词汇量：178 words)
We were going to play against a team from a country school. They didn’t come until the last minute. They looked worse than we had thought. They were wearing dirty blue trousers and looked like farm boys.
We sat down for a rest. We felt that we didn’t need any practice against a team like that.
The game began. One of us got the ball and he shot a long pass to our forward (前锋). From out of nowhere a boy in an old T-shirt stopped the ball and with beautiful style (姿势) he shot and got two points. Then another two points in a minute. Soon the game was all over. We were beaten by the country team.
After that, we thought a lot. We certainly learned that even though a team is very good, there is usually another team better than yours. You can not be always the best. And the most important lesson we learned was: One can’t judge(判断) a person or a team only by their clothes.
learn from others
fight against the country boys
play against a weak team
judge a man or a team
（6）
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There were many mice in a house. The man of the house got a cat. The cat killed many of the mice.
Then the oldest mouse said, “All mice must come to my hole tonight, and we will think what we can do about this cat.”
All the mice came. Many mice spoke, but none knew what to do. At last a young mouse stood up and said, “We must put a bell on the cat. Then, when the cat comes near, we shall hear the bell and run away and hide. So the cat will not catch any more of us.”
Then the old mouse asked, “who will put the bell on the cat?”
No mouse answered. He waited; but still no one answered.
At last he said, “it is not hard to say things; but it is harder to do them.”
the mice must put a bell on the cat
it is easier to say than to do
the young mouse is not afraid of the cat
the cat will meet a big trouble
答案：B
（7）
(总词汇量：234words)
There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
●Plant flowers, grass or trees.
●Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.
●Turn off the lights, TV sets when you leave the room. This can save
a lot of electricity (电).
●Turn off the tap (水龙头) when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
●Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to deep warm air in.
●Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.
●Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
●Use both sides of paper.
●Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
●Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect th e earth. You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
Protect the Earth
Save Water and Electricity
Make Better Use of Old Things
Save Money
答案：A
（8）
(总词汇量：399words)
Who hasn’t enjoyed eating peanuts? Did you know that although peanuts look like nuts and taste like nuts, they aren’t nuts at all? They belong to the pea family, so they are called peanuts. The peanut grows flowers above ground, but its “fruit” grows underground. It grows in more countries than most other “nuts”.
The peanut is a native South American plant. Scientists believe that it grew wild in Brazil long ago. They think that for several thousand years the early peoples of South America made it a part of their diet. These peoples were nomads (游牧民族) who moved on when a natural food could no longer be found in one area. Along the way they probably let fall some peanuts, which got into the ground and grew. This is believed to be the way the plant reached the place where the Incas (印加人) lived. The Incas, from about 1,100 to 1,532, thought highly of peanuts. The peanuts were eaten in several forms and used as sacrificial offerings (祭品) to the Incan Sun God. Later in the 16th century, European soldiers had brought peanuts to other parts of the world, including North America, Africa, Asia, Europe, and Pacific Islands.
Although peanuts were found native in South America, they are now grown in almost every country that has warm weather. India produces the most peanuts. China’s production is next, follow ed by the United States.
The peanut is special in more ways than one. It can be eaten raw, boiled, roasted, or fried. Hundreds of widely different products have been made from it. Carver, an American scientist, set himself the task of discovering new uses for eating and for many other products.
Peanuts are very highly nutritious and are also high in protein (蛋白质). Americans use about seven-tenths of their protein in the form of meat. In India, where the poor can’t pay for meat or milk, peanut meal and peanut milk have been produced. These have been a great help to the poor.
New products are continually being made from peanuts, among them peanut cheese and a powder that becomes peanut butter when water is added. The
fact is that peanuts are so healthy that they were used by astronauts. The unusual nut that isn’t a nut is one of nature’s most amazing gifts.
The countries growing peanuts.
The ways of using peanuts.
The history of the peanut.
The origin of the peanut.
(9)
(总词汇量：233words)
Everybody has different hobbies that he or she would like to do for fun or relaxation. They can be either physical activities like football, swimming, skateboarding, or mental activities like reading, writing, playing computers. For me, soccer is my hobby because it’s a part of my life and it means a lot to me. I cannot live without it.
Living in country like Vietnam, soccer is the king of sport. My mom told me that I liked kicking the ball around and had so much fun with it when I was only about two years old. Since then, playing soccer is my favorite sport and it is my hobby whenever I have free time. It is interesting and amazing, especially when I score a goal or my teammates do it.
Moreover, soccer is not only about passing and kicking the ball but also requires a lot of thought and some basic skills. So I often practice it and of course, I feel healthy and strong. Besides, soccer has also taught me the spirit of teamwork and created a strong sportsmanship in me.
That is why I have grown up with the soccer’s ball until today. Now I am studying at De Anza in the US but I still join in a soccer club to
play for fun every weekend. It is so much fun to play with the ball. I love soccer so much.
Soccer.
My Childhood.
My Life.
My Hobby.
答案：A
(10)
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Different weather makes people feel different. It influences (影响) health, intelligence (智力) and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.
The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1983 report by scientists, IQ (智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% below. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand (另一方面), can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August).
Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter maybe a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18 centigrade, people become stronger.
Low air pressure (气压) may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. There is “good weather” for work and health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18 centigrade (摄氏度).
Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem.
hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way
weather influences people’s lives
IQ never changes when weather changes
there is a good kind of weather for people’s work and health
Key: B
(11)
(总词汇量：148words)
A man had two dogs: a Hound and a Housedog. The hound was trained to assist (帮助) him in his sports, and the housedog was taught to watch the house. When he returned home after a good day’s sport, he always gave the Housedog a large share of his spoil (猎物). The Hound felt much sad at this and scolded (责备) his friend, saying, “It is very hard to have all this labor, while you do not help in the hunting, but you get the fruits (成果) of my labor.” The Housedog answered, “Do not blame me, my friend, but find fault with (找茬) the master, he did not teach me to labor, but to depend on the labor of others.”
Children are not to be blamed for the faults of their parents.
The housedog shouldn’t get the large share.
The hound should get the large share.
Parents should be just and fair to their children.
Children are not to be blamed.
Key:C
(12)
(总词汇量：200 words)
When you send a letter or a postcard, you have to put stamps on the envelope(信封) or on the card. When did people first begin to use stamps? Who was the first to think of this idea?
In the early nineteenth century, people did not use stamps. They had to pay postage(邮资)when they received let ters. Sometimes they didn’t want to receive a letter at all, but they had to pay money for it. They were unhappy about this. The postage was high at that time, because the post offices had to send many people to get the postage.
Rowland Hill was a school teacher in England. He was the first to think of using stamps in 1850s. He thought it would be much easier for people to use stamps. They could go to the post office to buy stamps and put them on envelopes before they sent the letters. The post office could just put seals (印记) on the stamps so that people could not use the stamps again. In this way, the post office did not need to send postmen to get postage. It only needed fewer postmen to send letters.
How did stamps begin to be used?
Why were postmen sent to get postage?
When did people first begin to use stamps?
Who was the first to think of using stamps?
Key: A
(总词汇量：107 words)
Food is very important to our health. Everyone needs to eat well if he or she wants to have a strong body.
Our minds, like our bodies, always need the best food. This kind of food is knowledge. We start getting knowledge when we are very young.
Studying on our own brings us the most knowledge. When we get older, we should enjoy reading and learning about all kinds of things. If we just accept answers without thinking about them, we never learn well. When we study in the right way and get knowledge on our own, we enjoy learning. We also learn more and understand better.
we are younger
we are older
it will bring us the most knowledge and make us learn more and understand better
someone is always telling us answers
Key : C
(14)
(总词汇量：168 words)
Until a few years ago, only boys could become students at the university of Puritanical (布鲁里坦尼亚大学). Later the university decided to take girls in. But one of the teachers, Mr. Golfer, was not pleased at all. He had not wanted to let girl students in.
Mr. Golfer always began his lessons with the word “Gentlemen!” What could he do now? Well, when the girl students came to his lessons for the first time, he still began with the word. For him the girls were just not there. Then one day there was only one boy in his class among a lot of girls. For a moment, Mr. Golfer didn't know what to do. Then he began, “Sir!”
Finally a terrible day came when there were no boys in his class. He came into the room, looked at the girls and said, “Oh, nobody’s here today!” He turned and went out without giving his lessons.
Sir
Good morning
Gentlemen
Hello
(15)
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This is my school. There are many trees and flowers in it. The class building is big and high, but it is not new. There is a big playground
in our school. Many students come to the playground to play football and ping pong after 4:30 in the afternoon.
There are 1,200 students in 25 classes and 100 teachers in our school. The students all like to study. The teachers in our school are very good. They help the students to study and the students like them, too.
45
25
1,200
100
(16)
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Teenagers who listen to the same music often have a common “look”. One hot style in music and fashion is hip-hop. Hip-hop is a type of urban music with a heavy beat. The lyrics are very important in this music, so teenagers like to sing them to the music. Hip-hop fashions are large or loose-fitting clothes. African American kids in Detroit and Chicago first made hip-hop fashions popular. Then North American and European bands also began wearing this style. These bands influenced one another’s music and clothing. This mixture made hip-hop into an international fashion sensation (感觉). The style includes baggy jeans, sweatshirts, hiking boots, and baseball caps (usually worn backwards). However, teens add other clothing items like flannel (法兰绒) shirts, jackets with sports logos, and athletic shoes. In the hip-hop style, boys and girls dress the same.
North American bands.
European bands.
American kids.
African American kids. Key : D
（英语）英语阅读理解练习题20篇及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon. The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds. Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors ( 交叠式旋翼 )to power the vehicle. The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams. In New Zealand, the Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour. Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack “is built around safety from the start. In his words, reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.” The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,” he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon. （1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike . A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed （2）The writer uses the example of For One racing car to show that . A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height （3）The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer s to. A. the jet stream B. the engine C. the Jetpack D. the parachute （4）What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage? A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles. B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles. C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles. D. To advertise the two personal
我给你指路 Mike is traveling around the country in his car.One evening he is driving Along a road and looking for a small hotel.Then he sees an old man at The side of the road.He stops his car and says to the old man, “I want to go to the Sun Hotel.Do you know it ?” “Yes,”the old man says. “I’ll show you the way.”He gets into Mike’s car.and they drive off.They drive for about twelve miles.When they come to a small house,the old man says, “Stops here.” Mike stops and looks at the house. “But this isn’t a hotel,”he says to the old man. “No,”the old man answers. “This is my house.And now I’ll show you the way to the Sun Hotel.Tum around and go back nine miles.Then you’ll see The hotel on the left.” ( )1.Mike is looking for a____________. A.bank B.school C.hotel ( )2.Mike stops his car because________. A.he sees a friend B.he wants to ask the way C.he wants to pick up the old man ( )3.The old man takes Mike to ______. A.his own house B.Mike’s house C.the Sun Hotel ( )4.Mike should go back______,and then he can find the Sun Hotel. A.10 miles B.5 miles C.9 miles ( )5.Is the old man clever(聪明的）? A.Yes,he is. B.No.he isn’t. C.We don’t know.
中考英语阅读主旨大意题解题技巧 命题形式主要有： 常见的主旨大意题的考查形式： The text is mainly about ____. The main idea/The general idea/The main purpose is ______. What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last/xx paragraph? What would be the best title /headline for the text? This article mainly tells about the story of ____. What is the topic of the text? The subject discussed in this text is ____. What does the second paragraph discuss? The paragraph (passage) deals with _____. What is mainly discussed in the text? 解题技巧。 1.先看问题，看是否有和主旨相关的题目，了解题目类别和提问方式。 2.再看文章首尾和各段开头，找出主题句或通过浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨。 3.以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气或意图等其他深层次问题。 4、这类题目需要对文章有整体性的把握，建议最后做 一、文章或者某段落的主旨大意——主题句定位法：通过分析篇章结构，找出每一小 段的主题句，然后通过寻找共同点，找出整个文章的主题句。 主题呈现的方式： 1．开门见山式：主题句出现在文首。 In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad，that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people. 题目：What does this passage mainly talk about？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/a1596478.html,petition helps to set up self-respect. B.Opinions about competition are different among people. https://www.doczj.com/doc/a1596478.html,petition is harmful to personal quality development. D. Failures are necessary experience in competition. 2．藏头露尾式：主题句出现在文尾 On the Internet, we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often send e-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. What’s more, we can go to school on the net, r ead a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languages. We also enjoy music, watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even without leaving our homes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. 题目：What’s the main idea of the passage？ A. Keep away from the Internet. B. Surf the net. C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. D. We can entertain ourselves on the Internet. 3．首尾呼应式：在有些文章中，为了突出主题，作者在文章开头提出主题，接着进行
高考英语阅读:主旨大意题的解题技巧 一、主旨大意题的命题形式 主旨大意题旨在考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，亦即考查考生的归纳概括能力。这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)、作者的写作目的(purpose或为传递信息、或为愉悦读者、或为阐述某一道理)等。这类题的设问方式主要有： (1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______. (2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______. (3)The text is mainly about ______. (4)The passage mainly centers on ______. (5)The passage mainly tells about ______. (6)What is the subject discussed in the text? (7)What is the main idea of this passage? (8)What is the passage mainly about? (9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss? (10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph? (11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage? (12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage? (13)What would be the best title for the text? (14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage? (15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______ (16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______. (17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______. (18)What is the author's main purpose? (19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage? (20)The writer wrote the story in order to______. (21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article? 二、寻找主题句的方法 正确的解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。一般来说，一篇文章常常会围绕着一个中心思想或一个主要话题展开，而这个话题又常常通过一个能比较全面地覆盖或概括文章意思的句子，即所谓的“主题句”来体现。那么，主题句通常在哪里呢？(1)主题句在文首；(2)主题句在文中；(3)主题句在文末；(4)主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末。 1. 主题句在文首 这类文章写法上的特点是：文章的第一句起着点题的作用，概括了文章的主要内容或信息，下文接着对主题句所涉及的话题进行具体的阐述。如：(全国高考题) A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students —18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯)out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest (竞赛)on Tuesday evening. The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14.
海淀区2015高考英语阅读理解训练（15）（答案） 【2015高考复习】阅读理解 What is the most popular food in western countries? If you are not sure, statistics might give you the answer. Every year，some 20 million people walk into restaurants and buy 2 billion sandwiches. Americans alone eat more than 1 billion sandwiches annually. If you lined up all the sandwiches Westerners eat in a year, they would go around the world 13 times! When John Montagu made the very first sandwich in England in 1762, he couldn't have imagined that it would still be very popular almost 250 years later. There is a campaign starting this month in the US to find the healthiest and best tasting sandwich in the country. Sandwiches are commonly carried to school or work in lunch boxes or brown paper bags to be eaten for lunch. They are also taken on picnics and hiking trips. Their long-lasting popularity lies in their convenience and fast preparation time. You can put everything you want inside a sandwich. They are easy to clean up after, nutritious and come in hundreds of different kinds. Well-known American chef Dave Lieberman adds another reason.“I think people like to touch their food, kids especially. It's just a natural instinct. You don't have to use a knife and fork to eat a sandwich，” he said. Sandwiches can be hot or cold with almost any kind of filling. One of the most popular kinds is the BLT—bacon，lettuce and tomato. Although it is a simple food, it can still be creative. Sandwiches can be served open-faced, with sushi inside or grilled with delicious fillings. 【语篇解读】西方国家最普遍的食物是什么？当约翰在英格兰做出第一份三明治时，他不会想到在几乎250年后的今天三明治仍然大受欢迎。三明治里面的馅各种各样，冷热均可食用。虽然三明治做法简单，但仍然具有创新性。三明治可以做成露馅的单片吃，可以在里面放入寿司，还可以加入美味馅烤着吃。 36．The author intends to________. A．tell us the histor y of sandwich-making B．introduce a popular food in the West C．show how sandwiches are made D．explain why westerners like sandwiches 答案 B [主旨归纳题。根据文章第一句话“What is the most popular food in western
2016年高考英语阅读理解指导三——主旨大意题 Don’t give up your whole garden just for an attractive rose. 一、主旨大意题型特点： 主旨大意题要求在理解全文后________________，____________或者是_________，考查考生的归纳总结能力。这类题需要______________，抓住文章的______和_____，同时兼顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题通常以概括中心、揭示主题、选择标题等形式出现。 查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中__________________的信息，这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的______。做主旨大意题时，应采用_______的方式，跳过生僻词，抓住________和_______，快而准地把握文章主旨。 【例1】Choose the most general word. A. Chemist B. Physicist C. Scientist D. Biologist 【例2】Choose the most general sentence. A. The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 a.m. daily. B. There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C. The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board. D. There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting. 【例3】Choose the title that best expresses the idea of the paragraph. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principle B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices 二、主旨大意题题干形式： 1. ________________________ (main idea): (1) The main idea of the passage is… (2) The passage is mainly about… (3) The passage is mainly discussed… (4) Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5) What is the passage mainly about? 2. _________________________ (title): (6) The best title for the passage might be… (7) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 三、主题句的特点： 1. 主题句与文体体裁之间的关系：议论文和说明文一般有主题句，且一般位于______； 而记叙文一般没有主题句； 2. 段落主题句一般位于_____________； 3. 主题句所表达的意思具有_______和________；句子________单, 一般不会采用长句 或结构复杂的句子； 4. 文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步________________________。
高考英语阅读理解专题训练主旨大意篇 （一） Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume（消耗）rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to（往往，倾向于）stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over. According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed（挤出）between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal. After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don't Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym. In spite of（尽管）all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity —or extreme overweight —among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject（拒绝）older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17% — and is growing. （1）In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola? A. They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently. B. They squeeze eating between the other daily activities. C. They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyles. D. They usually eat too much canned and frozen food. （2）This text is mainly the relationship between _________. A. Americans and the French B. life style and obesity
上学期九年级英语组合训练 【完型填空】 Jenny，from Germany，spent some time traveling in India．While she was there，she stayed with her Indian friend，Leela．However，there were language problems．It was very 1 for her to communicate in the new environment，which was very different 2 that of her own country． One day，together with Leela，Jenny went to 3 an orphanage（孤儿院）．All the children there were very young．At first，Jenny was not sure if she could have a way to communicate with them．She went over to the children 4 and sat beside them．After some time，one of the children 5 her．She felt a little relaxed and smiled back．Then she went close to the child．She slowly put her am around the child and started 6 a song in Geman．The child kept smiling and started repeating the words after her．The words that came from the little mouth were different from those that Jenny sang，but the rhythm（节奏）was the same．Jenny sang a little more and the child followed her again．Wanting to join in the7 ，another child went up to Jenny and started singing the rhythm．'Then more children joined．They 8 many smiles together． From the other side of the hall，Leela was smiling and watching them．Noticing leela's eyes on her，Jenny had an exciting feeling from her heart："See，I don't have any language problems．We 9 speak and communicate!"At that moment，she understood：we're all simple human， and we have the．10 to connect with each other． 1．A．nice B．dangerous C．difficult D．easy 2．A．from B．for C．of D．away 3．A．show B．visit C．build D．improve 4．A．slowly B．early C．hardly D．easily 5．A．looked at B．laughed at C．shouted at D．smiled at 6．A．singing B．writing C．saying D．playing 7．A．club B．talk C．fun D．dance 8．A．forgot B．remembered C．shared D．missed 9．A．can B．must C．need D．should 10．A．pressure B．mistake C．custom D．ability 【阅读理解】 A During my first two weeks at the University of California , Berkeley , I experienced some unexpected , funny , and sometimes embarrassing(令人尴尬的) situations . Allow me to share some with you . But first , let me give advice to other foreign students who plan to study in the United States . Check the weather before coming ! I was very sure that California was sunny all year around so I left all my jackets and sweaters in Paris . It was a huge mistake ! It rained almost every day during the first week in Berkeley . I have to say that I quickly forgot these unlucky events . Life in Berkeley is very pleasant and everything is so easy compared to Paris . For example , in only 24 hours I bought a mobile phone and made the lease(租约) agreement for a flat . What’s more , almost all the shops are open on Sunday , which is very practical for me .
2011届英语阅读理解专练 主旨大意题 A.设题方式 ①.考查文章的中心思想 The main idea/key point of this passage is that_____. The passage is mainly about __. From the passage we can learn/conclude that_________. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage ②.考查文章标题的选择 The best title/headline for this passage is_________. Which of the following is the best title What would be the best title for the text The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_________. ③.考查作者的写作态度和意图 What is the author’s main purpose in this passage The writer’s purpose in writing this story is____. In the passage the author wants to tell___. The writer’s attitude toward ... is___. B.干扰项特点 ①. 以偏概全。干扰项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息。 ②. 断章取义。干扰项常常以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的设置内容，或者以次要的事实或细节冒充全文的主要观点。 ③. 主题扩大。干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。 ④. 张冠李戴。命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上，构成一个干扰项。考生不注意的情况下，会造成错选答案。 ⑤. 无中生有或似是而非。有的干扰项中的关键词语好像在文章中谈到了，但认真分析之后你会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。 C.解题指导 1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。 主题句是归纳表达文章中心思想的句子,它的出现有四种情况: 1）主题句在开头?主题句出现在段落或文章的开头部分,起着开宗明义?点明主题的作用,它可以使读者一开始就明白文章所讲的内容主旨?而支撑句则使用一些具体的人、物、数字或具体的步骤来阐述或论证
英语阅读理解专题指导－主旨大意题 主旨大意题在阅读理解试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。主旨大意是作者在文章中要表达的主要内容，是全文的核心，作者在文章中努力通过各种细节信息来阐明中心话题。因此，把握主旨大意对于正确理解全文具有重要意义。要找出主旨大意，应采用快速阅读法浏览全文，阅读时要注意抓住表达中心思想的句子。文章不同，中心句在文章中的位置也就不同，但一般情况下阅读时应特别留意文章的开头、结尾及各个段落的首句和尾句，因为它们往往包含文章的中心议题。常见的命题方式： What is the main idea of this passage? What dose this passage mainly concern? The main theme of this passage is_____________ The main point of the passage is___________ Which of the following is the best title for the passage? The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is______ The purpose of the writer writing this passage is_____ Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole? 文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下几种情况： 1。题句位于句首。主题句出现在文首，开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎写作法。2。主题句位于段末。主题句出现在文章结尾是作者采用了先摆事实，后作结论的手法。这种段落称作归纳型段落。这是英语中最常见的归纳写作法。3. 主题句首尾呼应。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方法也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。4。主题句位于段落的中间。主题句出现在文章的中间，通常前面只提出问题，文章的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、说明或发展。5。主题句隐含在段意之中。全文没有明确的主题句。其中心思想包含在各个句子中，在这种情况下，读者要把所有已知的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出主题句。 【典例1】 The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take。 Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replaces filters monthly or as needed。 …… Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than ￡65 per year。 Carpool. The average U.S. commuter(乘车上班族) could save about ￡260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas. This passage is mainly about ________。 A. energy-saving tips B. fuel-saving tips C. do-it-yourself tips D. environment-protecting tips 【解析】本文主要介绍了如何节约能源。本文是一篇科普文章，主题很明显，文章一开始就点明了主题，接下来整篇文章都是围绕如何save energy展开，而save fuel仅仅只是其中的一部分。故选A。针对主旨大意类题目，应