自考英语二的语法点
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自考英语二重点总结2023可以按照以下内容回答:一、词汇部分1. 掌握词汇量:自考英语二要求考生掌握约3500个单词和550个常用词组。
2. 重点词汇:重点关注表示情感、态度、观点、心理的词汇,如:optimistic,pessimistic,confident,uncertain,hopeful等;表示感觉、情绪的词汇,如:sad,happy,anxious,angry,frustrated等;表示频度的词汇,如:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom等。
3. 常用短语:特别关注短语搭配,如:across the street,on one’s way to…,wait in line,play a role in等。
4. 构词法:了解词根、前缀和后缀的用法,如:un-(表示否定)、re-(表示重复)、dis-(表示否定)、-ness(表示抽象名词)、-able(表示形容词)等。
二、语法部分1. 句法结构:重点关注五大基本句型、强调句型、虚拟语气、倒装语序等。
2. 时态和语态:熟练掌握现在完成时、一般现在时、一般过去时、过去完成时等时态,以及被动语态的用法。
3. 非谓语动词:了解不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词的区别,重点掌握它们的用法。
4. 名词性从句:了解主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的用法,重点关注引导词的选择。
5. 定语从句:掌握关系代词和关系副词的选择,重点理解限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别。
三、阅读理解1. 阅读技巧:掌握如何快速阅读、如何找关键词、如何推理等阅读技巧。
2. 常考题型:重点掌握细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题等常见题型。
3. 文化背景知识:适当了解一些相关的文化背景知识,有助于更好地理解文章。
四、完形填空1. 语境理解:注意上下文的联系,理解语境含义,确定答案。
2. 常用搭配:掌握常用词汇和短语的搭配,有助于提高正确率。
英语二复习精要UNIT 11、word studyobjective,accompany,argue,define错误!未找到引用源。
objectivea.错误!未找到引用源。
客观的,真实的。
错误!未找到引用源。
如实的,无偏见的。
We have to accept the objective reality as it is.我们必须接受客观事实。
The literary critics should be as objective as possible in analysis and judgement. 文学批评家在分析和评价时应尽量不偏不倚。
n.目标,目的。
People work hard to carry out the economic objectives of the Ninth Five-Year Plan.人们为了实现第九个五年规划的经济目标而努力工作。
My objective for the present is to pass the oral exam.我目前的目标是通过口试。
错误!未找到引用源。
accompanyvt./vi.1、伴随,陪同;2、为。
伴奏The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil.演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。
The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog.这位孤独的老人让他的狗作伴。
All orders must be accompanied with cash.所有的订货单必须随附现金。
错误!未找到引用源。
arguevt./vi.争辩,争论,辩论作不及物动词用时,后边可以接with,about或over,for(赞成)或against(反对)。
She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。
自考综合英语(二) 重点语法(结合考题讲解)六语态主动形式表示被动含义:A. need/require/want/deserve doing= need/require/want/deserve to be doneB. smell /sound /taste /feel /prove +adj.The story proved quite false.The flowers smell sweet.C. Can’t, won’t…+vi. (move, lock, open,…)The door won’t shut.D. read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, wear…+adv. (well, easily….)下面请看几个例子:This kind of rice cooks more quickly.The cloth washes easily.His blue jeans have worn thin.还要注意一些主动形式表示被动含义的短语:Be to blame: be responsible fordon’t know who is to blame.sink in: be understoodcome out: be published重点短语:have/has sth. done (考试中出现的频率极高) 该短语有三个意思:(1)请/让某人做某事I will have my hair cut tomorrow.He has just had his bicycle repaired.(2)某物遭受到某一消极动作He had his finger burnt yesterday.He had his face cut when he was shaving his face.(3)主语本身做某事We’ll have all the dishes cleared away before seven p.m. every day.国考中主要考前两个意思。
自考综合英语(二) 重点语法(结合考题讲解)二形容词和副词以下情况形容词常用于后置定语:1) 一些表语性形容词要后置,如:present (到场的,出席的) ,available ,involved ,concerned ,etc 。
2) 形容词修饰不定代词something ,anything ,everything 时要后置。
例如:There was something wrong with her.I came across a tricky question hard to answer.I wondered if there was a room available.注意enough的位置:enough 修饰名词时放在名词前后均可,修饰形容词或副词时要放在后面。
如:enough water /water enoughcareful enough/ well enough形容词和副词的原级比力由“as + 形容词或副词原级( 或后跟名词或短语)+as” 构成,“as…as” 前可加not ,just ,almost ,nearly ,quite ,twice ,several times 等词修饰。
否定式中not 后面的as 可改为so 。
如:He is as tall as I.He is not as/as careful as his brother.形容词与副词的比力级形式为:“ 形容词( 副词) 比力级+than+…” ,应注意than 前后比拟较的人或物要一致(不然没有可比性)。
比力级前可以跟even ,much ,stilI, far, a lot 等副词修饰比力级,表示强调。
You voice is more beautiful than your classmates’/that of your classmates.The population in China is much larger than that in America.The values of the young differ from those of their elders. 不成数名词或名词单数,后面用that代替,可数名词复数后面用those代替。
自考综合英语(二) 重点语法(结合考题讲解)十五附加疑问句/反疑疑问句1.当主语部分是everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody 等词,附加疑问句的主语在非正式文体中用they,正式文体用he or she或者用he.Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?2.陈述部分是there 存在句,附加疑问句的主语也用there.There is no help for it, is there?3.如果陈述部分是Iam 结构,附加疑问部分用aren’t I.I am late, aren’t I?4.如果陈述部分用不定代词作主语,附加疑问部分在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you.One can’t be too careful, can one/ can you?5.陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing 等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问句的动词用必定形式.Bob rarely got drunk, did he?如果陈述部分含带有否定前缀的词,附加疑问句用否定形式.He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?6. 当陈述部分的主语是I suppose, I think, I believe时,附加疑问部分与that从句中的主语和谓语动词保持一致,但要注意否定的转移.主语为第二、三人称时按照主句来定。
Isuppose he is serious, isn’t he?I don’t think she cares, does she?You think she is wrong, don’t you?He thinks that Mary won’t come, doesn’t he?7.带有情态动词ought to,附加疑问句在英国英语中用ought to 表示,美国英语中用should表示.The child ought to be punished, oughtn’t/shouldn’t he?8.陈述部分带有情态动词needn’t时,附加疑问句常用need, 有时也可用must.You needn’t go yet, need you?陈述部分有must表示必需时,附加疑问句用mustn’t; mustn‘t 表示”禁止”时,附加疑问句用must.表示推测时,按照具体时间而定。
自考综合英语(二) 重点语法(结合考题讲解)二十四动名词重要句型:It’s/There’s no use/no good doing …It is worthwhile doing …There is no point in doing …做…… 是没有意义的。
接动名词作宾语的动词admit, avoid, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, appreciate, consider, mind, risk, practise, dislike, resent(怨恨), advise, pardon, require, quit (戒除), suggest有些动词后既可以跟动名词,也可以跟不定式like, love, start, continue, attempt, propose, forget, recall, endure, permit, deserve, regret, omit (疏忽,省略)etc.to作为介词的短语be used to,be accustomed to,be opposed to 反对,be addicted to沉溺于,be devoted to专心于,look forward toobject tosee to 负责,留意动词need, require, want, deserve后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
All the cars in the yard need repairing.I think that a man like him deserves looking up to.动名词作宾语与不定式作宾语的区别1)plan, like, love, hate后动名词表示抽象行为和一般动作,不定式表示具体的、特定的动作。
He likes dancing but he doesn’t like to dance with strangers.2)意义不同大的动词:rememberdoingto do记得做过某事记得要做某事forgetdoingto do做过某事但忘记了忘记去做某事regretdoingto do对做过的事遗憾对将要做的事遗憾meandoingto do意味着,意思是想要trydoingto do试着做努力做go ondoingto do继续做本来没做完的事继而做另一件事。
全国高等教育自学考试英语(二)主讲人:胥国红北京航空航天大学主要内容•试卷分析和最新出题思路•重点语法•备考要诀及学习方法最新英语(二)试卷主观题统计数据考题满分平均分•单词拼写10 2.48•词形填空10 2.17•汉译英15 5.53•英译汉15 10.75•总分50 20.93最新出题思路(1)与课文的关系往年与课文有关的大题:第一、第四、第五和第六大题近年与课文有关的大题:第四和第六大题建议:熟读课文,掌握课文中的大纲词汇,特别留意课文中体现重点语法和经典句型的句子。
(2) 与课文无关的大题:第二、第三、第七大题。
文章选材:主要涉及社会文化、风俗习惯、教育、历史、和生活常识等内容。
建议:广泛阅读此类题材的文章,最好是中英文对照版本。
推荐杂志:《英语沙龙》,《大学英语》,《英语学习》。
每道题的考点:第一题:词汇语法题主要考点:定语从句、名词性从句的引导词;状语从句的连接词;词汇辨析;固定搭配;常用句型。
近年来词汇题比重增加。
建议:通过学习教材上下册,熟练掌握基本语法,背熟大纲词汇,加强同义词、近义词、和形似词的比较,牢记固定搭配。
历年试题举例:1. At the end of 1994 the British government introduced new measures to help____domestic workers from abuse by their employers.[A] protect [B] suspect [C] expect [D]inspect A2. I’m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the meeting.[A] down [B] up [C] out [D] over B3. By using both ears one can tell the direction ___ a soundcomes.[A] in which [B] from which[C] over which[D] with which B第二题:完型填空题主要考点:除了第一大题已提到的考点外,还注重考察介词、连词、副词、代词等虚词的用法。
自考综合英语(二) 重点语法(结合考题讲解)九带介词的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词可以作介词的宾语,形成带介词的定语从句。
这种结构有两种:从句由“介词+which”(表示事和物)从句由“介词+which”(表示人)e.g----The man to/with whom he is talking is a teacher.----The school in/at which I am studying is a key school.解题要诀:掌握常用介词的基本用法掌握常用动词,形容词与介词之间的固定搭配非限定性定语从句1.当指物时,不能用that只能用which2.which有时用来指整个句子或句子的一部分。
e.g. He died suddenly, which made her very sad.he said last night he went to sleep with his clothes on, which was very uncomfortable.关系词的使用一看先行词,二看关系词在从句中的作用,在此基础上熟记几个常用的固定句式,如:the same … as , such … as…The film is the same as we have expected.关系词在句中做定语– whose应该熟悉关系词做定语时的各种变体。
the office whose windows are brokenthe office the windows of which are broken“介词+ w hich/whom”的结构做关系词A. 介词是句中短语搭配的一部分,如pay attention to, take care of 等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.B. “部分+ of + 整体名词”的结构,该结构做关系词也就是“部分名词+ of which/whom”的结构。
自考英语二知识点大纲一、词汇和短语(300词左右)1.常用的基础词汇和常见的短语:例如人称代词、不规则动词、介词短语、时间状语、方位词等。
2.专业词汇和短语:例如法律、经济、医学、环境保护、教育等领域常用的词汇和短语。
3.同义词和反义词:例如常用的同义词和反义词对,帮助理解英语文章中的词汇。
4.习语和俚语:例如常用的习语和俚语,帮助理解英语口语和非正式文章。
二、语法(400词左右)1.动词时态和语态:例如一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、被动语态等。
2.名词和代词:例如可数名词和不可数名词的用法,名词所有格,反身代词,相互代词等。
3.形容词和副词:例如形容词的比较等级,副词的位置和用法。
4. 介词和介词短语:例如常用的介词,如in, on, at, by等的用法,介词短语在句子中的作用。
5. 并列连词和从属连词:例如常用的并列连词and, but, or等的用法,从属连词because, although, if等的用法。
三、阅读理解(300词左右)1.短文的主要内容:例如通过阅读文章,理解文章的中心思想和主题。
2.理解关键信息:例如通过阅读文章,理解重点信息或细节。
4.掌握上下文逻辑关系:例如通过阅读文章,理解上下文之间的逻辑关系,如因果关系,转折关系等。
四、写作(200词左右)1.书面表达:例如写一篇文章,描述一个地方、一个人、一个经历等。
2.书信写作:例如写一封信,邀请朋友参加活动、询问关于一些问题的信息等。
3.日记写作:例如写一篇日记,描述一天的活动、感受和思考。
4.故事写作:例如写一篇故事,包含起始、发展和结局。
五、听力(100词左右)。
It is such a lovely day that everyone is feeling happy and gay.注: 当such 放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
(2)"before" adverbial clause of time.a. conj. 强调从句动作发生在主句之前,意为“不等......就......”eg. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.b. 在" It +be +时间段+before从句"中,意为“......之后才......”eg. It will be ten years before we can meet again.c.在"It +be+ 否定形式+long+ before 从句"中,意为“......不久就......”eg. It was not long he told me me about it.d. 在特定的情景中,意为“趁着......”eg. I must write it down before I forget it.(3) Translation:英语真的这么难,需要人们投入大量的时间和精力才能掌握吗?Paragraph 21. From my personal experience, I think learning English means far more than learning its pronunciation, its grammatical rules,its words, etc.(1) v-ing 作主语和宾语eg: Watching them was a thrilling experience. (主语)The man denied having anything to do with the bank robbery. (宾语)男子否认与银行抢劫案有关。
I don‟t fancy living in that cold house.我可不想居住在那个冰冷的房子里。
(2) more (…) than 的用法:The present crisis is much more a political crisis than an economic crisis.当前危机与其说是经济危机,不如说是政治危机.A whale is no more a fish than a horse is . ?more than + 主语+ can + 谓语“…非所能”eg. That is more than I can tell.What he said is more than I can understand.My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.He more than hestitated to accept the invitations . He simply refused it.2. 2.It involves learning everything about the countries where it is used and the people whouse it.involve 的用法:(1) make sth necessary as a result,需要eg:The job involved my living in London.(2) involve sb / sth in (doing) sth. 使…陷入eg:Don‟t involve me in sloving your proble ms.(3) include or affect 牵涉,涉及eg:The strike involved many people.Paragraph 3The social customs and habits of the English–speaking people contribute a lot to the difficulty a foreigner has in learning it.(1)(1)contribute to sth. increase sth; add to sth.eg: Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject.她的著作有助于我们对这个困难问题的理解(2)(2)have difficulty in doing sth.(3)(3)Translation: 讲英语民族者的社会风俗习惯增加了外国人学习英语的难度Paragraph 4A task of this kind is more difficult for Chinese English learners than for people who speak a western language other than English【attributive clause】because 【adverbial clause of reason】Chinese has nothing in common with the alphabetic English and China had little contact with the Western world in modern history.Translation: 学习英语的中国人要做到这一点比其他非英语国家的西方人要困难的多,因为汉字和英语这种拼音文字毫无共同之处,并且中国和西方世界在近代史上很少接触。
(1)other than (but except ) 除了eg: There is nobody here other than me.You can‟t get there other than by swimming.(2)(have) in common (with) 与…有共同之处eg: Their views have much in common with mine.They are brothers, but they have nothing in common.(3)have contact with sb make contact with sb.eg. They made contact with headquaters by radio.Paragraph 5Only by developing an understanding and tolerance of different cultural values can a Chinese English learner reach the goal of communicating with the native speakers. Translation: 学习英语的中国人只有增加不同文化价值观之间的理解和宽容才能达到与英语母语者交流的目的.only 所修饰的副词、介词短语或从句放在句首构成倒装。
eg: Only then did he realized that he was wrong.Only in this way can you improve your English quickly.TEXT BLanguage PointsParagraph 2Some linguists think that 【objective clause】objective clausechildren are born with an ability to learn and use a language.This does not mean that【objective clause】they come into the world knowing their native language. It means that【objective clause】, along with other things, they are born with the ability to know their native language.Translation: 一些语言学家认为儿童生来就具有学习和使用语言的能力。
这并不是指一个人的母语是与生俱来的;而是指一个人生来具有学习母语的能力,这种能力与人在其他方面表现出来的能力是相同的。
(1)be born with 与生俱来eg: Some people are lucky enough to be born with a good sense of direction.(2)come into the world with a cry 呱呱坠地(3)along with 与…一道,连同,一起eg: She came to dinner along with her best friends.Along with the letters there are answers written by people who know how to solve theproblems.Paragraph 3This linguists do not think that【objective clause】parents teach their children in the same way that 【attributive clause】adults are taught a second language.(1)否定转移否定that 引导的宾语从句时,如果主句的谓语词是表示“相信”、“臆测”等心理活动的词believe, expect, think, imagine,suppose时,则要否定主句而非从句.eg: We don‟t suppose t hat he has told the truth.(2)a 的用法(another,once more) 并非表示顺序.Paragraph 51.1.If they knew 【objective clause】how children learn their native language, they would have 【subjunctive mood】an easy way to teach adults, as well as children, a second language. Translation: 如果他们知道儿童如何学习母语,这可能有助于教儿童甚至成年人学习第二语言(1)与现在事实相反的虚拟语气eg: If I were you, I would do it in a different way.(2)as well as = not only … but also 不但…而且eg. He can speak English as well as Spanish他不仅会说英语而且会说西班牙语.2.2.Some foreign language teachers believe that【objective clause】adults learn a second language the same way 【attributive clause】children learn their native language.These teachers try to make their students' learning similar to that 【= learning】of children. Translation: 有些外语教师认为成年人学习第二语言的过程和儿童学习母语的过程是相同的。