高中英语动词时态中的特殊用法
在历年的高考英语试题中，动词是主要考查项目，占了相当大的比例，其重点是动词时态、语态、非谓语动词等。英语有16种动词时态形式，高考英语考试大纲中要求掌握的有10种。它们分别是一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过
去进行时，过去将来时，将来进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时及现在完成进行时。在此我就高考英语时态中的一些特殊用法做一下分析：
一、一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语。 He usually gets up at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun.
1：在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，代替一般将来时.
Do you have any problems if you are offered this job? No matter what you say, I’ll never believe you.
2：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：
I learned that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
3：固定的时间里发生的事情，如生日、日历、课时安排、交通时刻表等，通常用
一般现在时表示将来动作。常用动词一般是表示位置移动的动词如 come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, set off等。
My train leaves at 11 o’clock in the morning, so there is still half an hour to go.
4：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you work, the better results you will get.
二、现在进行时
表示说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动： We are having English class. The house is being built these days.
1：现在进行时与频率副词always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞扬、厌烦、责备、埋怨等），以加强语气。 He is constantly making the same mistake. The students in class one are always working hard.
2：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Don’t ring me up when I am working in my lab this time tomorrow.
3：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。常
用动词有：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, set off等。Ladies and gentlemen, the flight is taking off. Please be seated and fasten your safety belt.
三、现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去，但其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 1：常见的不确定的时间状语： recently, lately ;just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has the rain stopped yet?So far this term, she has read fifty world
-famous books.
2：表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
in the past /last+一段时间; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries等。
3：表示“第几次做某事，It/This/ That is the first/second/…time (that)…”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that”后面跟现在完成时。This is my second time that I have visited the Pyramids of Egypt.
This is the most interesting book I have ever read.
四：现在完成进行时
表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并且还有可能延续下去。常用的时间状语有all the time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently, since等。 I have been fixing the fridge all this morning.
1.表示动作在断断续续地重复。 You’ve been saying you can succeed for five years.
2.表示带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情色彩。 I have been expecting to meet you for
a long time.
五：一般过去时
表示在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, the other day 等 1：在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，代替过去将来时。He promised to buy me a bike if he got his salary.
2：语境中的一般过去时，往往表示“刚才、刚刚，在过去”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。 I never thought he could finish the work ahead of time.
六：过去将来时
表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用语宾语从句或间接引语中。 Last week he promised that he would come, but he hasn’t arrived until now.
七、过去进行时
表示在过去的某一事件点或时间段正在进行的动作。My sister fell while she was riding her bicycle and hurt himself.
1：故事发生的背景The wind was blowing and it was snowing hard.
2：was going to do…表原打算做…而实际上并未做…
----Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?
---- I was going to, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.八、
八.过去完成时
表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用。There had been 25 universities in our city up till 2005.
By the end of last term we had finished the project.
1：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly finished my washing-up when he came to see me. I had no sooner got into my house than it began to rain.
2：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
That was the first time that he had seen his grandmother.
3：表愿望、打算一类的动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。 I had hoped that I could get the job. I had intended to visit you but I was too busy.
九、一般将来时
表示在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008
等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。He will finish the project next year.
1：某些表示位置移动的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。I am leaving for London next month..
2：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Work hard and you will succeed in time.
3：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。
“am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。
“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。She is to get married next month.
十、将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：at this time tomorrow,at seven tomorrow,at this time next year等
What will you be doing at seven tomorrow evening?
十一：将来完成时
表在将来某时刻之前已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。 By+表示将来的时间，by the end of+表示将来的时间。
在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，表示在将来某个时间要做完的动作，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。The children will help their parents do some housework the moment they have arrived back from school.
1. --- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets. --- You ______ something. A. have left B. are always leaving C. are leaving D. always left
2. --- I ______ so busily recently that I ______ no time to help you with your math. --- That’s OK. I can manage it by myself.
A. have been working; have
B. have worked; had
C. am working; will have
D. had been working; had had
3. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you ______ to me. A. are writing B. will write C. has written D. write
4. He ______ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him. A. will speak B. is going to speak C. had to speak D. was going to speak
5. --- I beg your pardon, but I didn’t quite catch you.--- Oh, I ______ myself.
A. am talking to
B. talked about
C. have talked to
D. was talking to
6. I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D .play
7. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He ______ in a radio factory at that time. A. had worked
B. has worked
C. was working
D. has been working
8. --- What ______ when I phoned you? --- I ______ my work, and I wanted to go out.
A. have you done; finished
B. were you doing; have finished
C. did you do; had just finished
D. were you doing; had just finished
9. --- Have you finished the report? --- No. I ______ it all this week. A. will do B. had done C. have done D. have been doing
10. I can guess you were in a hurry. You ______ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing
11. --- We ______ that you would fix the TV set this week. --- I’m sorry. I ______ to fix it this week, but I’ve been too busy.
A. had expected; had intended
B. are expecting; had intended
C. expect; intend
D. expected; intend
12. --- Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty! --- Mum, I ______ my storeroom downstairs. A. cleaned B. have cleaned C. was cleaning D. have been cleaning
13. They won’t buy new clothes because they ______ money to buy a new house. A. save
B. are saving
C. have saved
D. were saving
14. The traffic in our city is already good and it ______ even better. A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting
15. --- I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow. --- I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ______ my guests in my office.
A. is being met
B. will meet
C. will be meeting
D. will have met
16. --- Alice came back home the day before yesterday. --- Really? Where ______? A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone
17. I know Mr. Brown; we ______ to each other at an international conference.
A. are introduced
B. are been introduced
C. were introduced
D. had been introduced
18. --- Where do you think ______ he ______ the computer? --- Sorry. I have no idea.
A. has; bought
B. 不填; bought
C. did; buy
D. 不填; buys
19. Don’t bother to look for my dictionary --- it ______ some day. A. turns up B. has turned up C. will turn up D. is going to turn up
20. --- What do you think of this kind of TV set, which ______ in Shanghai? --- Well, I don’t care about such things.
A. was made
B. is made
C. has been made
D. had been made
21. --- Did he notice you enter the room? --- I don’t think so. He ______ to the radio with his eyes shut.
A. listened
B. was listening
C. has listened
D. had listened
22. The plane ______ at 7:00 pm, so I have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest. A. has left B. would leave C. will have left D. leaves
23. The train ___ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight. A. went B. is going C. goes D. will be going
24. I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I ______ coffee. A. prefer B. preferred
C. had preferred
D. am preferring
25. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ______ too long. A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. have cooked D. cooked
26. --- Remember the first time we met, Jim?--- Of course I do. You ______ in the library.
A. were reading
B. had read
C. have read
D. read
27. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______ well.
A. have told; washes
B. have been told; washes
C. was told; washed
D. have been told; is washed
28. --- Is Tom still smoking? --- No. By next Saturday he ______ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.
A. will be
B. will have gone
C. will have been
D. has been going
29. --- ______ Betty this morning? --- Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon. A. Have you seen B. Will you see C. Do you see D. Did you see?
30. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never ______ him talk so much. A. I heard B. did I hear C. I had heard D. had I heard
31. --- Look at the black clouds. It ______ soon. --- Sure. If only we ______ out.
A. is raining; didn’t come
B. is to rain; won’t start
C. will rain; haven’t started
D. is going to rain; hadn’t come
32. He ___ articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he ____ about forty articles.
A. has been writing; has written
B. has been writing; wrote
C. is writing; has been writing
D. has written; has written
33. She ______ to the office than she got down to writing the report. A. has no sooner got
B. had hardly got
C. no sooner got
D. had no sooner got
34. When he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge ______ from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.
A. was coming
B. had come
C. comes
D. would come
35. --- Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon.--- No, I ______.
A. don’t
B. do
C. won’t
D. will
36. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ______.
A. finished what I was doing
B. finished what I did
C. would finish what I was doing
D. finish what I did
37. You won’t know whether the coat fits you until you ______ it on. A. will try B. have tried C. tried D. are trying
38. My dictionary ______. I have looked for it everywhere but still ______it.
A. has lost; don’t find
B. is missing; don’t find
C. has lost; haven’t found
D.
is missing; haven’t found
39. ______ it with me and I’ll see what I can do. A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave
40. --- How are you planning to travel to Shanghai? --- I ______ yet, but I ______ taking a train.
A. didn’t decide; am considering
B. haven’t decided; consider
C. haven’t decided; am considering
D. hadn’t decided; have considered
41. --- Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favour? --- Of course. What is it? --- I
______ if you could take me to the station.
A. would wonder
B. did wonder
C. was wondering
D. had wondered
42. --- Got your driving license?--- No. I ______ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week. I’m going to next week.
A. was
B. have been
C. am
D. had been
43. With the development of science, more new technology ______ to the field of IT.
A. has introduced
B. is being introduced
C. is introduced
D. was introduced
44. --- Who’s the man over there?--- It’s Jack.--- Oh? ______ in Italy.
A. I think he’s
B. I’ve thought he’s bee
C. I thought he was
D. I’d thought he’d been
45. --- I dropped in at your house at about ten last night, but you weren’t in.--- I ______ regular exercises at the club.
A. did
B. was doing
C. had done
D. have been doing
46. --- Each of the students, working hard at their lessons, ______ the book. --- So have I.
A. is reading
B. has read
C. reading
D. reads
47. The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then he ______ a cold. A. has caught
B. is catching
C. will catch
D. does catch
48. It is when the plane ______ that you’d better find out at the booking office. A. would take off B. had taken off C. was taking off D. is taking off
49. --- I’m sorry, but there’s no smoking on this flight.--- Oh, I ______ that. Sorry, I won’t again.
A. don’t know
B. didn’t know
C. won’t know
D. haven’t known
50. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ______ it.
A. doesn’t mention
B. hadn’t mentione d
C. didn’t mention
D. hasn’t mentioned
时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通 过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every..., sometimes, at..., on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
常见的八种英语时态详解 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。英语时态分为16种 1. 一般现在时 基本结构：①be动词am/is/are；②行为动词原形或单数第三人称。 否定形式：①am ／is ／are ＋________；②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加_________，如主语为第三人称单数，则用___________，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，用does，同时，还原行为动词。 提示词：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。 这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如：
He can speak five foreign languages . Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 5）现在时的特殊用法：一般现在时表过去 1. 用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如： I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。 Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。 2. 当要陈述一个客观事实时，有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如： The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。 The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。 练习 1)He always _____ ( get）up early. 2)Mary often ______（do）some shopping on Sundays 3).I’ll go with you as soon as I_______（finish)my homework. 4)If he _______(come) here, I will tell you 5）The earth ________( move) round the sun. 6)Tom sometimes ________(have) lunch at school. 7)Lily usually ________(fly) kites on weekends.
中考重点知识讲解（一）时间和条件状语从句中时态的特殊用法 时态是中考重点考察点之一，经过对全国各地中考题进行分析，我感觉对一般现在时的特殊用法（即在时间和条件状语从句中要求用一般现在时代替一般将来时来表示将来的概念）考察的频率特别高，下面我就来谈谈这个问题。 首先我们来翻译一个句子：如果明天不下雨的话，我们将参观公园。 这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，主句动词visit和从句动词rain根据时间状语明天的提示，本来都应该用一般将来时，但是根据上面提到的那条规则，从句中的谓语动词不能用will not rain，而应该用一般现在时doesn’t rain来表示将来，所以最后我们把这句话翻译成：We will visit the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 我们再来翻译一个句子：长大后我想成为一名教师。 这是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句，主句动词be和从句动词grow up本来都应该用一般将来时，但是根据上面提到的那条规则，从句中的谓语动词不能用will grow up，而应该用一般现在时grow up来表示将来。所以这句话我们要这样翻译： I will be a teacher when I grow up. 有了上面的两个例子，有的同学可能会这样总结：在if和when后的从句应该用一般现在时表示将来。这样看问题其实不全面，因为if和when又同时可以是连接主句和宾语从句的从属连词，请看下面两个例子： I don’t know when he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天什么时候来。 I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否会来。 以上两个例子中when后引导的不是时间状语从句，而是宾语从句，因为come是说明天发生的动作，在主句用一般现在时的情况下，从句依然要用will come来表示将来的意思；if后跟的也不是条件状语从句，而是宾语从句，所以依然要用一般将来时表示将来。 说到这里，我们就知道实际中考对这一规则的考察就是要求我们能够判断if和when 后面的句子到底是宾语从句还是状语从句。那么如何进行正确的判断呢，我觉得可以从以下两个方面来考虑： 一、因为状语从句的位置可以变化，它既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后；而宾语从句的位置只能跟在主句的谓语动词之后（有时候主句的谓语部分可以是动词加介词构成，因为我们知道不及物动词加介词后，就相当于一个及物动词，可以带自己的宾语）。所以，如果我们能对if或when引导的从句的位置进行变化，那么我们就可以判断它们之后的句子是状语从句，从句中就只能用一般现在时来表示将来的概念；如果if或when引导的从句不能进行位置的变化，它们引导的就是宾语从句。 例如：We will visit the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. = If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will visit the park.（所以这个复合句中if
高中英语时态语态讲解 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时 刻表）等 He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The train to Shanghai leaves at 7am. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间、方式、让步和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动；或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 in the past；over the past; during the last等 考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面,主句是一般现在时态时，从句用现在完成时。 This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用, 注意： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时
表格式一般现在时态和语态 2. Jenny (has) a good friend? 3. Brian （not live) in China. 4. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing. 5. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park. 6. Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday. 7.He （help）the old man every week . 8.The old man （help）by him every week. 9.The building (visit) by many people every year.
一一般现在时 （一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作， 句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等 He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. （二）标志词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever，every week (day, year, month…), once /twice a week, on Sundays, （三）谓语动词构成： 1 be动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”） 2 当谓语动词是行为动词的时候： （1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形 （2）主语是he,she,it等第三人称单数（除去I,you以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加s或es． （温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件：1，主语是三单，2，句子是肯定句） （四）.基本结构： 1，肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他的） He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. （主语He是三单，又是肯定句，所以谓语动词发生变形，加上了s） Tom and Tim both have medium height. He has a big mouth. We like the dog very much. 2，否定句：主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day. We don’t dance . He isn’t a worker. 3，一般疑问句：Do (Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？（把be或者do does 提到主语的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does. No,she doesn’t. Do you swim in summer? Are you a teacher? 4，特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where does Tom come from? （五) 一般现在时态用法 （1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用： eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning. （2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。 eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. Tom and Tim both have medium height. （3）表示客观、普遍真理 eg: Two and four makes six. Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. （4）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 （六）一般现在时态的考点：
1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。
英语时态总结(完整)
英语时态 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。即指的相应时态下的动词形式。分为十六种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。(一….十六) 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。 （1）一般现在时（一） 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）； 肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他； He works for us. 否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他； He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。
肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）． 否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't What does he do for us? He works for us. 用法： A）表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征 B）习惯用语 C）经常性、习惯性动作。例：He always help s others. 他总是帮助别人 D）客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致 E）表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The me xt train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoo n.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。How often
动词的时态和语态用法详解 在英语中，不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态需要用动词的不同形式表示出来，动词的这种不同 形式就构成了动词的时态。 英语中的时态按动作发生时间分为现在时态、过去时态、将来时态 二、常见时态的基本用法 1. 一般现在时：一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词 （短语） always, every time, now and the n, occasi on ally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 连用。 1） 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 We have three meals a day. 2） 表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。 Kno wledge is power. 3）表示现在的情况或状态。 I live in Beiji ng. 4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出 发，到达”等含义 的词， 女口， arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay 等。 The train arrives at 10:30. There's ple nty of time. 。 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 如: I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, on ce, the mome nt/the minu te, the day; 条件：if, uni ess, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在 make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter 替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don ' t mind when he finish 考点四：在 the more …the more …(越 ..................... 越 ... )句型中 在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2. 一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示 过去具体时间的时间 状语。 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。 此时与表示过去的时间状语连用， 如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1998 等。 +宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代 es the experime nt. ,若主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现
一般将来时时态用法讲解Last revision on 21 December 2020
一般将来时时态 1. 一般将来时的定义 一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如： What will you do this afternoon 你今天下午干什么 We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。 He is going to study abroad（到国外） next year. 明年他要出国学习。 2. 一般将来时的结构及应用 (1) shall / will + 动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下要发生的事情，只能用此结构。如： What shall we do if he doesn’t come 如果他不来，我们该怎么办 Will you be free this evening 今天晚上有空吗 I think he will tell us the truth（真相）。我想他会告诉我们真实情况的。 (2) be going to + 动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情，也可表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如： We are going to have a meeting to discuss （讨论）the matter this evening. 今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。 Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon. 看一看那边的乌云，我想天要下雨了。 There is going to be an English evening this week. 本周要举行一个英语晚会。 (3) be +现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中动词主要是瞬间动词：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如： Go ahead, and I’m coming. 走前面一点吧，我就来。 The dog is dying. 那条狗要死了。 Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快点，商店就要关门了。 (4) 一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说，上课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如：
动词的时态 学习目标：掌握英语时态的基本用法 一动词时态概述 体时现在过去将来过去将来 一般一般现在时一般将来时 进行 完成 完成进行过去将来完成进行时二Warming up: 指出下列句子所用的时态和含义 1, By tomorrow morning the weather will have cleared up. 2, I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back. 3, It is bad for your health eating to much. 4, Did you think you would be a famous artist as a young man. 5, I have been offered a scholarship at a university in Australia. 6, By that time he had had a sudden thought. 7，We have been working. 8, The day was drawing near when we would have completed the building. 9, What’s your daughter doing these days? 10, When he worked here, Roger was always making mistakes. 11, I heard by July you’d have been teaching here for ten years. 三动词时态的基本用法 1, 一般现在时 1）基本形式____________________________ 2）标志性的时间词：often, always, from time to time 3）基本用法：A表示人、事物的现在状况和特点； B表示经常或习惯性的动作; C表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 4）特殊用法：A：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 B：主将从现，主要用于______ ______ ______状语从句中； 常用的引导词有：____________________________________________ I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
高中英语时态讲解 英语的基本时态由三种“时”(时间)，四种“态”(状态)交叉构成。 三种“时”：过去现在将来四种“态”：常态进行态完成态完成进行态一般时进行时完成时完成进行时 现在 study be studying have studied have been studying 过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying 将来will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying 过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying 时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 Ⅰ现在时态：四种 1.一般现在时态：表示现存的状态(be动词)，经常做的动作 I do it. 我(经常)做这件事。 2.现在进行时态：表示正在进行的动作 I am doing it. 我(现在)正在做这件事。 3.现在完成时态：表示现在已经完成，对现在产生影响，形成结果 I have done it. 我(现在)已经做完这件事了。 4.现在完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作(字面意思已经在进行) I have been doing it. 我(现在)一直正在做这件事。 Ⅱ过去时态：四种 5.一般过去时态：表示过去存在的状态(be动词)，经常做的动作 I did it. 我(过去经常)做这件事。 6.过去进行时态：表示过去正在进行的动作 I was doing it. 我(过去的某个时间)正在做这件事。 7.过去完成时态：表示过去已经完成，对过去的某个时间产生影响，形成结果 I had done it. 我(过去的某个时间)已经做完这件事了。 8.过去完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作(字面意思已经在进行) I had been doing it. 我(到过去的某个时间)一直在做这件事。 Ⅲ将来时态：四种 9.一般将来时态：表示将来存在的状态(be动词)，将来经常做的动作 I will do it. 我将要做这件事。 10.将来进行时态：表示将来正在进行的动作 I will be doing it. 我将要正在做这件事。 11.将来完成时态：表示到将来的某个时间已经完成，对那个时间产生影响，形成结果 I will have done it. 我(到将来的某个时间)已经做完这件事了。 12.将来完成进行时态：表示将来一直在进行的动作(字面意思已经在进行) I will have been doing it. 我(到将来的某个时间)将一直在做这件事。 Ⅳ过去将来时态：四种(平时根本用不到，只在讲故事或小说中出现) 13.一般过去将来时态：表示对过去的某一时间来讲的将来存在的状态(be动词)，将来经常做的动作，对现在来讲已成过去 I would do it.
英语一共有多少种时态 时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do为例)： 时态详解：一般现在时 1. 一般现在时的应用 (1)表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常用频度副词sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom及时间副词every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night做状语。如：He often stays up late. 他常熬夜。 We go home every month. 我们每月都要回家。 I watch TV at night. 我晚上看电视。 (2)表示客观真理或永恒的状态。如：
The earth travels round the sun. 地球绕太阳旋转。 Trees turn green in spring. 春天树木变绿。 Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough. 足够热时，液体变为气体。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 (3)现阶段的状态。常跟时间副词now连用。如： He lives in Beijing now. 他现在住在北京。 She is at home. 她在家。 They work in that factory. 他们在那家工厂工作。 (4)习惯性的爱好或行为。如： I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. 我们六点起床。 He studies very hard. 他学习很刻苦。 (5)表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排，并且一定要做的事情。用于这种句型的动词主要是瞬间动词：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open等。如： The train arrives at five past eight and leaves at ten past eight. 火车八点过五分到，八点过十分离开。 Our class begins at 7:45. 我们的课七点四十五开始。 The shop opens at eight o’clock. 商店八点开门。 (6) 时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中的谓语动词是将来的动作或状态时，用一般现在时表示。如： If you come, we will wait for you. 如果你来，我们就等你。 When he gets here, the work will be finished. 当他到这儿时，工作将做完了。 Though he disagrees with us, he will do as we decided. 尽管他不赞成我们当观点，他还是会按我们的决定去做。 (7) 在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。如： They say Wu Dong is ill. 据说吴东病了。
抓住时态教学“三要素” 汤成达 英语的动词时态这一语法现象与我们母语的语法差别较大，学起来也较乏味。如何教学这些语法，从而使学生更好、更有效地掌握它们，是经常困扰教师的问题。 在教学实践中进行了努力的尝试和探索，并依据信息加工的学习理论，总结出较为行之有效的“三要素”教学法：从“标志”信息输入着眼，经过“概念”思维加工，达成“结构”形式输出，从而使师生摆脱枯燥的时态教学，掌握动词时态的规律，形成有效的语法教学策略。 一、从“概念、结构、标志”三个方面把握动词时态 “概念、结构、标志”三个方面是学习一种时态所必须把握的，三者相互联系，相互制约，共同表述一个完整的时态含义。“概念”清楚地说明了一种时态的用法。对于概念的把握一定要全面、准确，表述严密，如对于一般现在时的用法，不能只表述为“表示经常性或习惯? 下面列举两种时态进行说明。 （一）一般现在时 1.概念：一般现在时的基本用法有四种。表示现在的状况，如Mr. Green has two children. 表示主语所具备的性格或能力，如Ann enjoys listening to the radio. Miss White speaks Chinese very well. 表示经常性、习惯性或反复出现的动作或状态，如I usually rest on Sundays. Mr. Brown always gets up early. LiLei goes to see Uncle Wang once a month. 表示客观事实和普遍真理，如It never snows in Australia in December. Light travels faster than sound. 2.结构：一般现在时的结构在一般情况下用动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式，其否定式、疑问式要加助动词do或does。例如：Miss Gao teaches us English. Does your mother work in a factory? 3.标志：一般现在时常与下列表示频率的副词或短语连用：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, twice a week, on Sundays等。 （二）现在完成时 1.概念：基本用法有两种。(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 (2)表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 2.结构：助动词have(has)＋动词的过去分词。 3.标志：用法(1)常与下列词语连用：already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently等；用法(2)常与“since＋时间点”或“for＋时间段”所构成的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可与包括“现在”在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如this morning, these days等。 其他几种时态不再一一列举。在平时的教学中，只要我们从上述三个方面去把握动词时态，学生就会逐渐发现其规律，做到有章可循，主动地学习，从而变以教师为主体的讲语法为以学生为主体的学语法，收到事半功倍的效果。
v1.0 可编辑可修改 时态语态 （一）时态 一般现在时表示:1.现在的经常性、习惯性动作 eg: I read English every morning. 2.客观真理、普遍公立、科学事实eg: The sun rises in the east. 3.现有的兴趣、爱好或能力eg: He likes playing football. 4.现存的性质、特征或状态eg: The situation is encouraging. 5.介绍故事剧情、新闻标题eg: Workers face tough times abroad. 6.按时刻表或按规定计划、安排将要放生的动作（常见动词如：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, takeoff, return, stop, open, close等）eg: The train leaves at 4:30 . 注意：here, there, now, then 等开头的倒装句要用一般现在时代替现在进行时。如： Look! Here comes the bus. 一般过去时表示:1.过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态eg: He often cried when he was a boy. 2.过去某时的状态或动作 eg: I went to the bank just now. 3.用于 I didn’t know…或 I forgot…，表示实现不知道或不记得，但现在已经知道或记得的事情。eg: I didn’t know you were here. Sorry, I forgot to bring my book. 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作，也可以用“used to do…”和“ would do” 一般将来时表示：1.现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态eg: Tom will come next week. 2.事物的固有属性或必然趋势eg: Oil will float in water. Fish will die without water. 3.对将来某个动作的安排、计划eg: He is going to speak on TV this evening. 注意：将来时常见表达形式：will/ shall do; be going to do; be to do; be about to do （此形式不能与时间状语连用） 现在进行时表示：1.此时此刻正在发生的动作eg: I’m studying English now. 2.现阶段正在发生的动作eg: We are building our socialism. 3.情况的暂时性eg: I don’t really work here. I am just helping until the secretary arrives. 4.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示参上或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行eg: He is always helping others. She is always forgetting something. 5.按计划、安排近期发生的动作（只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等动词）eg: A foreigner is coming to visit our school. I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 注意：不宜用进行时的动作：感觉类： look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear 情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear 心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, thin, understand, agree, know, remember, forget 所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to 过去进行时表示：1.过去某一时刻或阶段发生的动作eg: He was watching TV this time yesterday. 2.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示赞赏或亚无等感情色彩eg: Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself. 3.过去计划、安排好的将来动作（只限于 come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay 等动词）eg: He said he was leaving the next day. I was told the train was starting soon. 注意：过去进行时可用来描绘故事发生的背景，如：The wind was blowing and it was raining hard. 过去将来时表示：1.过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图、打算（主要用于宾语从句中）eg: She was sure she would succeed. I thought you would come. 注意：把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式，便成了过去将来时的表达形式 现在完成时表示：1.现在已完成或刚刚完成且对现在有影响的动作eg: I have finished my homework. 2.表示始于过去持续至今的动作或状态eg: He’s lived here since 2005. I’ve taught