英语普通词汇与高级词汇对照表
常用词汇归类记忆
四季：Spring/ summer/autumn(fall)/winter春、夏、秋、冬
星期: Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/ Saturday/Sunday星期一二三四五六日
月份：January/February/March/April/May/June/一月---六月
July/August/September/October/November/December七月----十二月
学科：
English 英语
Chinese 语文
Maths/Mathematics 数学
Physics 物理
Chemistry 化学
Politics 政治
Geography 地理
History 历史
Biology 生物
Labo(u)r 劳动
Philosophy 哲学
Psychology 心理学
Archaeology 考古学
Art 艺术
Music 音乐
P.E.(physical education) 体育
Gardening 园艺学
Design 设计
Information Technology 信息技术
高考英语作文中常用的替换词 1.individuals, characters, folks 替换（ people, persons） 2.positive, favorable, rosy （美好的） ,promising（有希望的） ,perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good 3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill （有害的）替换 bad 如果 bad 做表语 ,可以有 be less impressive替换 eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation , as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.（ an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most）替 换 many. 注：用 many, if not most 一定要小心， many 后一定要有词。 most， if not all ，Eg. Many individuals ，if not most ，harbor the idea that同理?用. 替换 most. 5.a slice of, quiet a few, several替换 some 6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that,it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that）替 think （因为是书面语，所以要加 that） 7.affair, business, matter替换 thing 8.shared 替换 common 9.reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits 10.for my part, from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11.Increasing（ly ）, growing 替换 more and more（注意没有 growingly 这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing。修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.little if anything, 或 little or nothing 替换 hardly 13. ?? beneficial, rewarding替换 helpful 14.shopper,client, consumer, purchaser替换 customer 15.exceedingly, extremely, intensely替换 very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable替换unnecessary,??avoidable
中常用替换高级词汇 （一） ★形容词： 1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue
Bazaar (n.) (东方国家的)市场，集市cavern (n．) 洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞) shadowy (adj.)模糊的；朦胧的consonant(音调)和谐的，悦耳的throng (n.)人群；群集conceivable (adj.)可想象的，想得到的din (n.)喧闹声，嘈杂声muted (adj.)(声音)减弱的 vaulted ( adj．)arched穹窿形的；拱形的sepulchral(n．)洞穴，山洞guild ( n．) 互助会；协会trestle (n.)支架；脚手台架；搁凳impinge (v．) 撞击，冲击，冲撞；对具有影响fairyland (n.) 仙境；奇境burnish ( v．)h擦亮；磨光；抛光brazier ( n.)火盆；火钵 dim ( v．)(使)变暗淡；(使)变模糊rhythmic /rhythmical ( adj．)有韵律的；有节奏的bellows (单复同)风箱intricate错综复杂的；精心制作的exotic 奇异的；异常迷人的sumptuous 豪华的；奢侈的；昂贵的maze ( n.) 迷津；迷宫；曲径honeycomb ( v．)使成蜂窝状mosque 清真寺；伊斯兰教堂 caravanserai 东方商队(或旅行队)的客店disdainful ( n.) 轻视的，轻蔑的；傲慢的bale ( n.) 大包，大捆linseed ( n.) 亚麻籽somber ( adj．)阴沉的；昏暗的pulp ( n.) 浆 ramshackle 要倒塌似的，摇摇欲坠的．dwarf 使矮小；使无足轻重；使(相形之下)显得渺小；使相形见绌 vat ( n.)大缸；大桶nimble ( adj．) 灵活的；敏捷的girder ( n.)大梁trickle ( n.细流；涓流 ooze ( v．)渗出；慢慢地流runnel小溪；小沟；小槽glisten (v．)(湿的表面或光滑面)反光；闪耀，闪光taut ( adj．)(绳子等)拉紧的，绷紧的thre ad one’s way小心，缓慢地挤过(不断地改变方向) follow suit赶潮流，学样narrow down缩小(范围，数字等) beat down(与卖主)往下砍价 make a point of认为是必要的take a hand帮助，帮忙 throw one’s weight on to (sth．)使劲压在(某物)上set…in motion使…一运动，移动 (选自埃德?凯编播的美国广播节目) 词汇(V ocabulary) reportorial ( adj.)报道的，报告的kimono和服preoccupation ( n.)令人全神贯注的事物 oblivious ( adj.) 忘却的；健忘的(常与of或to连用) bob ( v．) 上下跳动，晃动；行屈膝礼 ritual ( adj.) 仪式的，典礼的facade ( n.)(房屋)正面，门面lurch ( v．)突然向前(或向侧面)倾斜intermezzo ( n.)插曲；间奏曲gigantic ( adj.)巨大的，庞大的，其大无比的usher ( n.)门房；传达员 heave (v．) (费劲或痛苦地)发出(叹息、呻吟声等) barge ( n.) 大驳船；(尤指用于庆典的)大型游艇moor ( v．) 系泊；锚泊arresting (adj.)引人注目的；有趣的beige ( adj.) 米黄色；浅灰黄色的tatami ( n.) 日本人家里铺在地板上的稻草垫，榻榻米 stunning ( adj.) [口]极其漂亮的；极其出色的twinge ( n.) 刺痛，剧痛；痛心，懊悔，悔恨，内疚 slay ( v.) 杀害；毁掉linger ( v．) 苟延；历久犹存agony ( n.) (精神上或肉体上的)极度痛苦 inhibit ( v．) 抑制(感情等)；约束(行动等) spinal ( adj. ) d脊背的；脊柱的；脊髓的 agitated颤抖的；不安的，焦虑的；激动的reverie 梦想；幻想；白日梦heinous极可恨的极可恶的极坏的cataclysm ( n.)灾变(尤指洪水、地震等) demolish ( v拆毁，拆除；破坏，毁坏formaldehyde ( n.)[化]甲醛ether ( n.) [化]醚；乙醚humiliate ( v．)使受辱，使丢脸genetic (adj.)遗传的 have a lump in one’s throat如哽在喉，哽咽(因压制激动的情绪所致，如爱、悲伤等) on one’s mind占领某人的思绪，一直在想的(尤指忧虑的来源) rub shoulders with与(人们)联系，交往 set off:开始(旅行，赛跑等) flash by／alorig／past／through:急速向某方向运动 by trade:以…为谋生之道(尤指以制造某物为业) sink in: (指话语等)完全理解 horde ( n.) 群，人群croquet 槌球游戏luncheon ( n.)午餐；午宴；午餐(聚)会 Nazi (adj. & n.)德国国社党的，纳粹党的；纳粹党党员，纳粹分子cow ( v恫吓，吓唬，威胁indistinguishable ( adj. ) 不能区别的，不能辨别的，难区分的devoid ( adj.) 完全没有的，缺乏的(后接of) excel ( v优于；胜过ferocious ( adj.)凶猛的，残忍的；凶恶的unsay ( v)取消(前言)；收回(前言)
1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) The way you and I approach today, and each day, is crucial. 我们对待今天以及每一天的方式都是至关重要的。 Whether at work or at home, the goal is to engage in activities that are both personally significant and enjoyable. 无论在工作中还是在家里，目标都是从事个人重大的并且令人愉快的活动。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/a114965523.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) Music has been called the universal language. 人们称音乐为世界的语言. Happiness is ubiquitous, may fall short of demand. 幸福无处不在,可还是供不应求. 3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) He has received ample praise for the work he did. 他所做的工作，使他获得了广泛的赞美。 This place has plentiful material resources. 这地方的物质资源是丰富的。 4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly) We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. 我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。 The children cling to their father for more pocket money. 孩子们粘着爸爸，要他再给些零花钱。 5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.) Focus in the person who are talking with you,ignore something else. 把全身的注意力都集中在与你谈话的人身上，忽略其他。 6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent) His house is adjacent to mine. 他的寓所与我的相毗连。 It is certain that virtue adjoins pride on one side. 好的品德常会引人走向骄傲自满的一面，那是不假的。 7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL) He wooed and won her. 他向她求爱成功而结婚。 Older people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children. 老年人可以找自己的朋友而不会在情感上太依赖他们的子女。
词汇： 【1】 被系在…上be attached to 探索行为exploratory behavior 偶尔on occasion 父母的责任parental duties 揭示，阐明throw light on 最终目的ultimate purpose 要做的动作desired action 所希望的结果desirable outcome 关键critical point 育儿观value of child rearing 弥补某种错误行为making up for a misdeed 回想起来in retrospect 善意的well-intentioned 前来帮助某人come to sb.'s rescue
极其熟练、温和地with extreme facility and gentleness 适用于apply to 发展到evolve to 发展创造力promote creativity 值得追求的目标worthwhile goals 【2】 1．面临，遭遇be confronted with 2．仰头向上看look up at 3．填写fill out 4．属于fall into 5．仅仅，不多于，不强于nothing more than 6．转瞬即逝的念头 a passing whim 7．磨损，损耗wear and tear 8．虽然，尽管in spite of 9．期望，盼望look forward to 10．富裕的，有钱的well off 11．不自在，格格不入out of place 12．陈旧的家具dated furniture 13．…之后不久shortly after 14．走下坡路，失败go south
1.alter v. 改变，改动，变更 2.burst vi.,n. 突然发生，爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸，炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗，耗尽 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v. 转变，变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播，播送；传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化，改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭，不见 24.swallow v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/a114965523.html,d a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速，促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线，边界 34.brake n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住（车） 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的，不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳，白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的，熄灭的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端，过分 41.agent n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精
（冒号前面的是我们习惯想到的词，考试中尽量少用！一定要用后面的词去替换前面）We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius More and more: increasingly, Big: enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundless, Very: extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, excessively, exceedingly, tangibly, impressively, shockingly, Famous: renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent, Good: spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic, Bad: nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive, Important: significant, essential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible, Say, Believe，think: suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, assume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude, Improve, better: further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover, Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged t hat, It can never be denied, it is undeniable that，It goes without saying that，It is self evident that，It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that，It comforts one to know that… ◆常见替代词汇解释 1. accelerate: 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。 2. adequate: “足够的”，用来替代经常被使用的enough。 3. advance: 名词，“进步，发展”，用来替代文章开头经常使用的development，progress。 4. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable。 5. cannot afford to: “不应当做”，不是我们说的“负担不起”。 6. be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。 7. alternative: “其他的选择或办法”，比如an alternative is that… 相当于in addition（除此之外）。 8. applicable / feasible / workable: 都表示“可行的”，用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语，既可增加字长，又可以提高词汇水平。 9. approach / channel: “方法，手段”，用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇，如method 等。 10. approve of something: “批准，同意”，注意不要忘记介词of。 11. attach importance to something: 表示“重视，强调”，替代pay attention to。
Vocabulary Unit 1 A 1、There are no simple solutions to the problem of overpopulation. 2、We often ignore advice which we do not wish to hear. 3、Even the doctor couldn’t persuade Tom to give up smoking. 4、The evening newspaper is going to assign a couple of reporters to cover(报道) the Olympic Games in Sydney. 5、“Next Monday is the deadline for handing in this essay,”said the professor to his class. “Be sure to meet it.” 6、I don’t think we can solve the problem this way. We should try a different approach 7、Alex bought a map of the world and stuck it on his bedroom wall. 8、He earns $ 200 a week and has little money for anything except the essentials of life. 9、Though she was very busy with her studies, Amanda managed to find time to play tennis regularly. 10、He is very rich, but that does not necessarily mean that he is happy. 11、Short-term memories are those which are retained only for a few minutes. 12、The essay is due next Monday. I have done a rough draft but haven’t written it up yet. 13、The doctor suggested that both of them put in 20 minutes a day doing taijiquan. 14、Tom studied hard. He wanted to make the most of his time in college to learn as much as he could. 15、In taking notes, you don’t have to put down everything the teacher says. 16、Active reading, according to education experts, will lead to a better understanding of what is being read. 17、During those years in the countryside, she was reading everything she could get her hands on. 18、It’s going to rain: we’d better put away and go indoors. 19、In spite of the new difficulties, we’ve decided to stick to our plan. 20、I have told you time after time not to exercise immediately after lunch or supper. 21、Taking his doctor’s advice, my uncle has cut down on smoking as the first step. 22、Knowing how to make the most of your abilities counts for much more than working hard. Unit 1 B 1、Tom is a very calm person, but his wife is just the opposite 2、Do you have any preference for a particular kind of music? 3、Many power stations are located on coastal land so that they are near to a good supply of water. 4、I like your idea but I don’t think it’s technically feasible 5、Alex said the sudden death of his best friend had given him a new perspective on life. 6、Public attention has shifted recently from the World Cup to the rising house prices. 7、The rise in unemployment is of great concern to the government. 8、The salary they’re offering is very attractive, but Amada still doesn’t want the job. 9、Thanks to the intensive care of the zoo-keepers, the animals there managed to survive the severe winter last year.
英语作文中常用替换高级词汇 (一) ★形容词： 1、贫穷得:poor = needy ＝impovｅrishｅd ＝ poverty-strｉcｋｅｎ 2、富裕得:rich ＝ wealｔhy = affluent ＝ welｌ－to-dｏ= well-oｆf?3、优秀得:eｘｃellent = emｉnent ＝ top = oｕｔsｔandｉng 4、积极得,好得:good = conducive = benefｉcｉal=ａｄvanｔａgeoｕs?5、消极得,不良得:ｂａｄ = deｔriｍeｎtaｌ= ｂanｅfｕl ＝undesｉrable 6、明显得:obvious = aｐpaｒｅnｔ = eｖiｄent =maniｆesｔ 7、健康得: healthy ＝ robust = sｏunｄ = ｗhoｌｅsｏme ８、惊人得:surpｒｉsing = aｍazing = ｅxtraorｄiｎａry ＝ mirａｃｕlous?9、美丽得:beaｕtiful = attｒactivｅ = goｒgeous = eye-catching?1０、有活力得:ｅnergｅｔｉc = dynaｍiｃ= vigｏroｕs =animateｄ11?、流行得：ｐopulａr = ｐrｅvailing = pｒeｖａlenｔ= pervasｉvｅ ★动词: 1、提高,加强:imｐrｏｖe = ｅｎhａnce= pｒoｍｏte = ｓtrengthen = optiｍizｅ ２、引起:caｕse = ｔriggeｒ= eｎｄanger? ３、解决:solve ＝resolvｅ =addｒess = ｔackle =cope with = ｄeal ｗｉth 4、拆除:dｅstroy = ｔear ｄowｎ = knock ｄｏwn = erａdｉcatｅ 5、培养: dｅvelｏｐ = cultivate = fostｅr = ｎurｔｕre 6、激发,鼓励:enｃoｕrａge = moｔｉvaｔe ＝ｓtｉｍｕｌaｔｅ = ｓｐｕｒ 7、认为：thiｎk = ａssert= ｈold = claiｍ= ａrguｅ ８、完成：plete = fｕｌfiｌl ＝ａｃplｉsｈ= ａcｈiｅve 9、保留:keep = pｒesｅrve ＝ rｅｔaｉn = ｈold 11、10、有害于:destroy = impａir ＝undeｒmｉne = jeopａｒdｉze?
1 v. 改变，改动，变更 2 . 突然发生，爆裂 3 . 除掉；处置；解决；处理() 4 n. 爆炸；气流 . 炸，炸掉 5 v. 消耗，耗尽 6 v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的 7 v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8 v. 溢出，溅出，倒出 9 v. 滑动，滑落；忽略 10 v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11 n. 细菌 12 n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔 13 n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排 14 n. 候选人 15 n. 校园 16 a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17 v. 转变，变革；变换 18 v. 传播，播送；传递 19 v. 移植 20 . 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具 21 v. 转移；转动；转变 22 v. 变化，改变；使多样化 23 . 消灭，不见 24 v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子 25 n. 怀疑，疑心 26 a. 怀疑的，可疑的 27 a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的 28 a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29 n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物） 30 a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的 31 . 加速，促进 32 a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的 33 n. 分界线，边界 34 n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住（车） 35 n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36 a. 模糊的，不明确的 37 n. 徒劳，白费 38 a. 绝灭的，熄灭的 39 a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的 40 a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端，过分 41 n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因 42 n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精
43 . 呼吁，恳求 44 . 重视，赏识，欣赏 45 v. 赞成，同意，批准 46 . 刺激，激励 47 . 取得，获得；学到 48 .完成，到达；实行 49 n. 网状物；广播网，电视网；网络 50 n. 潮汐；潮流 51 a. 整洁的，整齐的 52 . 追踪，找到n. 痕迹，踪迹 53 . 拷打，折磨 54 . 漫游，闲逛 55 n. 蜡 56 v. 织，编 57 v. 保护，保存，保持，维持 61. v. 滥用，虐待；谩骂 62. a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 63. n. （高等）专科院校；学会 64. n. 电池（组） 65. n. 障碍；棚栏 66. n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物 67. n. 生涯，职业 68. n. 船舶；容器，器皿；血管 69. a. 垂直的 70. v. 迫使，责成；使感激 71. a. 阴暗，模糊 72. n. 程度，范围，大小，限度 73. n. 外部，外表a. 外部的，外表的 74. a. 外部的，外表的，外面的 75. n. 汽油 76. n. 石油 77. . 推迟，延误，耽搁 78. . 腐烂，腐朽 79. a. 像样的，体面的 80. n. 路；路线；航线 81. v. 毁坏，破坏n. 毁灭，[.]废墟 82. n. 缘故，理由 83. n. 卫星 84. n. 大小，规模；等级；刻度 85. n. 庙宇 86. a. 乏味道，单调的， 87. .易于，趋向 88. n.趋向，趋势 89. a. 极端的，最大的，最终的n. 极端
英语作文常用高级词汇 ★形容词： 1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue 8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold 10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten ★名词： 1. 影响：influence= impact 2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard 3. 污染：pollution = contamination 4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race 5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers 8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents
Unit1 Alternative n.可供选择的事物；取舍；抉择Constant a.不断的；连续发生的；一再重复的Cripple vt.严重损坏或削落；使残废 Impressive a.给人以强烈或良好印象的，令人难忘的Initial a.开始的，最初的 Move n.步骤；行动 Put v.安置，放 React vi.反应；反对 Shallow a.肤浅的，浅薄的 Tackle v.处理；应付；解决
Universal a.全体的；与全体有关的 Capture vt.占领；刻画；俘获 Construct vt.建造；创立；构造 Contact n.接触；联系 Entitle vt.给……提名 Generate vt.产生；创造 Genuine a.真的；真诚的 Rough a,粗超的 Count sth against sb 认为某事物不利于某人；因某事而低估某人 Do sb wrong 中伤某人；冤枉某人；虐待某人
Find it in oneself to do sth Like it or not 不管喜欢与不喜欢 Root out sth 根除 Take hold 固定下来；确立 Warts and all 不隐瞒缺点的，毫不遮丑的Aware of 意识到；知道 In any case 无论如何 Unit2 adopt vt.采取 characterize vt.是…的特征，以…为特征confine vt.把…局限于，把…限制于
convince vt.使确信，使信服 emphasize vt.强调，着重 picture vt.想象，设想 remarkable a.值得注意的；十分不平常的；出众的 response n.回答 reveal vt.展现，显露(出) stretch vi. (时间和空间)延伸，延续，绵延 lower vt.降下，把…放低 owe vt.欠(债)等；感激 propose vt.提议为…干杯；提议，建议；提出(行动﹑计划或供表决的方案等) remedy n.补救(方法)；纠正(办法)
Lesson Two Marrakech George Orwell 词汇： thread (v.) : pass through by twisting，turning，or weaving in and out穿过，通过 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red，leathery rind and many seed s covered with red，juicy，edible flesh；the bush or small tree that bears it石榴；石榴树 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or word s is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架；尸体架 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe，mattock，etc．(用锄等)翻地，挖(土) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oblong (adj.) : longer than broad；elongated长方形的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps；covered with lumps多块状物的；凹凸不平的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low，rounded hills布满小丘的；似小圆丘的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner；abandoned；forsaken无主的；被遗弃的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lot (n.) : a plot of ground一块地 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics 无区别的；无显著特点的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth，sand，etc．built over a grave，in a fortification，etc．土堆；堤；坟堆 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------