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大学英语四六级匹配题技巧

四六级考试改革后，阅读部分占整张试卷总分值的35%，而我们的考试时间只有40分钟，因此新东方在线建昆老师建议大家在段落信息匹配题中花的时间千万不要超过15分钟，所以整体上看做阅读时需要注意一个很重要的问题：严控时间。

每一年考四六级的考生中，都会有很多考生因为时间不够、题做不完而折戟沉沙，而几乎全国考生都会在一个阅读这个模块超时大量的时间，而且由于我们的精度得分确实太大，因为20%的精读只有10道题，一道题占2%乘以710分，一道精读题目的分数就达到了14.2分将近15分。分值太大导致各位同同学容易在这个地方花去大量时间，但是你要明白这个部分的时间花的再久也只有20%，你完全没有理由因为20%去损失另外一个10%，而且你还不能确定你这20%是否可以得到一个非常好的成绩，所以提醒大家：掌控时间非常重要，每一个环节限时来做，而现在做题的时候就必须要控制时间。

对于段落信息匹配题，我们建议广大考生按照以下方法练习：

第一：先题后文

先看题再看文章能够将更多简单的题先做出来，当你发现简单题全部处理完毕之后，剩下的难题可以再重新回到文章当中再去找那些已经被挑剩下的段落。所以不管怎么样一定是先题后文，稍后再文题同步或先文后题。

第二：关键词定位（key words positioning）和同义替换（paraphrasing）

其实阅读只考两件事，一件事情是简单的：看到什么，定位什么，选择什么；而另外一个则是通过定位确定这个位置，然后再进行一个切换之后发现原来这个东西就是另外一个东西。

今年四六级组季会发布的样题中，关于段落信息匹配题是这样表述的：You have to identify the paragraph from which the information is derived“你需要去确认信息是来自于哪一

个段落的”。换一个表达方式叫做which paragraph contains the following information（哪一段包含了以下的信息）。接下来我们用样题来分析一下关键词定位（key words positioning）和同义替换（paraphrasing）在段落信息匹配题中如何实践。

1、关键词定位（key words positioning）

Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.

像这道题就属于比较简单的题目。这道题是来自于四级样卷的Q47，当这道题出现的时候，同学们应该关注的是划线的两个数据，而20世纪70年代中期这个数据其实它的意义绝

对没有3.9%大，因为前方是一个时间段，有可能经常出现，而后方是一个具体数值，具体数值的高频可能性不大，因为对于很多人来说他们都明白越高频的单词或短语的形式越不能成为我们的核心钩划点，3.9%一旦出现就让我们在全文当中展开3.9%的寻找之旅吧！

Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5million in 2004.

这时我们会发现顺序再读的时候四级样卷的C段出现了一个3.9%，这样一个点一旦出现，这一道四级简单的匹配题就结束了。

2、同义替换（paraphrasing）

接下来，我们再来看另外一个匹配的情况，现在是一个稍难的版本，来自于六级样卷第52道题。

A series of books, mostly authored by Americans, warned...

这句话的含义是一个系列的书籍都是由美国作者来完成的，警告说……

A succession of books, mainly by Americans... Sounded the alarm

这是原文的B段开头，跟它几乎是一模一样，但是很明显六级和四级相比，它的难度就有一点大了。首先，可别看错，在原文中出现一个单词叫succession，它意思是一个序列的，或者是一个系列的一拨儿的，千万不要看成了成功，整句翻译为一个序列的书主要是由美国人来做。大家仔细看一下mainly换成了mostly，而warned，警告，被换成了sounded the alarm，“拉响警笛”或“拉响警报”。由此我们发现，同义替换对于解题是非常重要的。

从这道题中给大家一个提醒：在平时一定要多做同义替换的积累，比如more and more people我们就认为这不是一个好的表达，我们可以把他升级为an increasing number of people。这个版本就要比more and more people好一些，平时多注意同义词替换方面的积累，能帮助你的阅读，也能帮助你的写作。

今年8月四六级考试进一步改革，在阅读题里出现了一种“貌似高端”的题型——段落信息匹配题，取代了之前的快速阅读，分值同样是10%。为此，很多考生都纷纷表示对这种题的担心。其实我想给大家的建议是：大可不必担心，因为这种新题型和以往的快速阅读相比，难度基本持平。如果方法技巧使用得当，甚至可以用更少的时间获取更高的分数。

今年四六级官方样题中，关于段落信息匹配题是这样表述的：You have to identify the paragraph from which the information is derived你需要去确认信息是来自于哪一个段落的。换一个表达方式叫做which paragraph contains the following information（哪一段包含了以下的信息）。

这篇官方样题实际上来自于2007年12月四级快速阅读Universities branch out.

文章9个段落，而有10个选项。说明一个有趣的结论：有的段落不止对应一个选项。所以同学们做题的依据应该是选项和段落之间的对应关系，而不应该完全以排除作为标准（如果有个选项已经用过了，并不意味着后面也不会再用到）所以做这种题的时候，应该从题目出发，而不是从文章出发，效果会更好。

这时候，有同学可能会产生2个疑问：

1. 要不要我先对文章的大意有一个把握呢？

从文章的长度来看，这个必要性不是很大。这篇样题算是比较短的了，如果遇到更长的文章，在有限的时间里面去一步一步了解文章，是不太现实的，我们还是要注重答题效率。因此，我们是从选项出发，对原文做一个判断，这样才能让我们的答题效率最高化。

2. 是不是要先把所有题目go through 浏览一下，然后来做判断？还是把题目一个一个来把握？

其实一个一个地把握，对于这样的题目就已经足够了。因为就算题目当中有内容会重合，他们对应的段落也有可能会重合，而9个段落对应10个选项，本来就有段落可能会被重复使用。这不是什么难以理解的事情，所以大家可以专注于一个选项的判断，在继续寻找下一个就好，而不用过于纠结这些选项之间的关联了。

下面我们从官方样题入手分析几道题目，来分析一下这种新题型的命题思路和解题方法

46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.

看到American universities，在配合我们看到的大标题，我们应该知道这篇文章和美国大学有关系，所以返回原文找Universities，应该不太可能，因为可能很多段落都会提及这个概念。

（定位词选择的原则是：我们一般应该选择名词来定位，而不是动词或者形容词，因为后2者比较容易被替换或者改写，有比较多的表达方式。而名词，尤其是一些意思比较固定动名词，其表述方式不是容易轻易改变的，比如undergraduate 就是大学生，这个就不容

易改变；在比如后面的global career ，这些都容易在原文中找到，而且文中有这些词的段落，应该不会很多）

所以我们在分析题目的时候，应该先记住这个选项里面的几个词，请注意，是几个词。而giving them chances 给机会这个表达，很可能会被替代。international study or internship.国际学习和实习，这个说法，很有可能在原文继续使用。所以暂时先确定这几个是关键词。

我们现在试一下，看看就凭这几个词能在原文中找到几个段落？——应该能找到2个。C和D里面都有提到study abroad。先看C 段，这个段落后面也提到了undergraduate 和America ，在美国的Institution 里面占了8% 。这样能确定选C了吗？——不急，我先看下D ,

D段一开始就提到了university，还有undergraduate years in another country也有国际的意思。后面也提到了学生参加了internship 这个实习和学习都不会被改变。所以定位的时候，始终是名词更加靠谱一些。其实再往后看，还有国际学习和实习的内容，这就更保险了。而且提到了opportunity ，就像我们说的，题目中的“给机会”这个概念，作者会换其他的表达。

这时候到底是C还是D，这时候就要看题目了。题目的意思是，这些学生要有全球化的职业，这是这句话最重要的意思之一。但是C没有提到这一点，C都是把重点放到了读书上，而且后面提到了跨越国界的百分比为超过8%……这都是在讲比例，都没有提到未来找工作的话题。后面说到newly hired faulty 新近的教职员工，这个就和学生没关系了。而且纵观这个段落，都是数字和时间。都是在讲大学生出国的数字在有变化。但是题目要我们找的是，大学为学生做好了准备，帮助他们发展全球化的职业。

所以答案应是D。而决定我们选择的就是这个global career全球化职业，而且只有D

提到了internship。所以C对于题目的对应还是不完整。题目提到了事实和study这2个词，而C只提到了study而没有internship，而正确答案要把他们都包括在内才行。而且international 也是完整对应的。

我们再看看D段落的表达和题目是怎样完整对应的：university 替换成了institution 都是大学，换了个说法；American 替换成了untied states 。所以大家要明白，在这种段落的匹配中，出现词义的互换是非常正常的事情。原文和选项不可能完全对应，但是只要抓住那些一致的词，就可以做出判断了，再比如undergraduate 替换成了students 。尽管后面的意思和原文并不完全一致，但是可以看出出题人，并没有把难度提到一个无法辨认的高度，只要能够找到几个一致的就可以了。

而题目中说的是国际化实习和研究，但是关于研究study的内容是在后面哈佛和耶鲁的例子里面的，所以，题目其实是把段落做了一个合并。这也是我们要关注的一点，就是段落匹配题给出的题目，有可能对应的不是原文中的一个点，可能会把原文中2个或者多个句子的意思做个整合。所以同学们这时候可以确定，我们其实并不一定要把他们都读懂。读懂不是不可以，但是花的时间肯定要更多，而我们需要的是效率，所以我们只要能抓住global career 的对应或者例子里面那个对应，就可以帮我们做出答案了。这时候并不要我们纠结，选项和原文究竟是怎样的对应关系

我们再来看看当年2007年第4题，就可以看出出题人对于题目的把握和出题的思路，是非常相似的。其中第4题选的是D。而题干就是46题的主句部分，因此是照搬了当年的题干，答案也是给他们机会进行全球化的实习和研究。所以得出结论，现在出题人对于同学们在段落匹配题中的要求和当年的快速阅读是一样的。只是快速阅读的定位会相对轻松，因为只要回去找哈佛耶鲁就可以了。而现在的信息匹配题，我们要先记住题干里面的单词，比如global career , internship , university 等，回原文锁定相对的段落，而在这个过程中，我可能锁定不止一段，比如刚才就是锁定了CD2段。然后再根据题目的意思进行进一步的排除。

所以难度上比快速阅读的选择题会稍有提高，但也不是提高很大。所以同学们如果能够清晰冷静的判断，应该是没有问题的。

下面我们再看下47题

47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.

70年代中期，海外学生的录取以3.9%的速度在增加，这里有很多数字，70年代中期，3.9.而数字在文中从理论上说是无法更改的，应该在文中可以直接找出来，而70年代不一定，因为年代有很多种表示方式，比如1890年，可以写成19世纪末；1920年，我们可以写成20世纪初……这些表达方式非常多元化。

回到原文我们发现C段里面充斥着大量的数字。

而刚才我们提到过，这个做题的过程是交错的，必须每道题都从第一段开始搜索，所以，一定不是阅读，而是搜索。换句话说，目光要锐利，但是千万不要沉浸在阅读当中，不然效率会降低。我要专注于要找我们需要的词，而不是这句话到底是什么意思？——这会花很多时间，而且是没有意义的。

我们刚才记得C段有很多数字，果然找到了3.9%，而且原文里面就是说的海外学生的数字和比例问题

只是study abroad →oversea student而已。所以C就是我们要的答案。

而且这道题比上一题简单的多，所以我们可以做出一个小结论就是，整个题目的难度应该是不平衡的。并不是说所有的选项都很难或者很简单，就是说，如果有些题目一时无法确定，可以暂时跳过，因为每个题目之间并没有太多关联，也就是说每个题目可以独立来应答。我们可以先跳过自己认为不好辨认或者不好分析的，先把简单的做出来，这样在效率上会比较高。

而且我们在看一下2007年快速阅读第2题，这和我们这次的题目是惊人一致的。这样的题目，我相信同学们都可以把握的。我们目前已经看了2道题，都发现现在的匹配题和早先的快速阅读有惊人的一致性

48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.

先说关键词的选取：这里我们又看到了enrollment 这个词，我们都知道这个词可能会被改动了，而且暂时不关注这个词。后面的International student 我们也不关注了，因为国际学生海外学生，其实都是一样的，说不定在文中就是study abroad ，用它来定位不是很可靠。

后面有positive impact ，有同学说我能不能用这个影响来定位呢？——其实impact这个名词还真不是完全的名词，可以做动词用，而且意思比较抽象，其实还有很多表达形式influence,consequence. America，也不能定位；还剩下threaten 和competiveness 竞争性了，我们去文章里面找这个竞争性去。

果然在I段里面我们看到了competiveness ,而且前面和我们要找的东西是一样的，都是威胁threaten。外国学生会威胁到美国学生的竞争性。但是题目说的是这种外国学生的加入，会带来积极的影响。我们去原文看下除了威胁之外，外国学生还有没有这些积极的影响呢？——我们看下一句，他们没有grasp这是常考的词汇之一“把握到，意识到”的意思，他们没有意识到，外国学生的到来有2个重要的积极影响（果然impact替换成了effect ），但是出题人还是很有节操地保留了一个形容词，positive积极的。而International student这个词就一直没有出现过，都是foreign这样的词。所以，在做题过程中，我们需要学会辨认，怎样的词才是最有效的定位词。

回看当年的快速阅读就是这么出题的，当年第9题，也是把学到的知识带回家

通过对大纲样题的分析，我们已经可以得出这样的结论：虽然段落匹配题在考察形式上比较新颖，但是不论是文章的选材、难度、长度，还是题目的出题思路和考察的知识点都是一脉相承的。

用一句“新瓶装旧酒”来形容这种新题型，其实并不过分。

一．段落匹配题答题技巧

1. 一定是从题目出发，去寻找对应的段落（也就是选项）

千万不要本末倒置：从原文中读了一个段落之后，去后面10个题目中去寻找哪道题和这段对应，切记~

2. 最大限度地利用关键词定位能力

这种题型最主要考察的就是搜索和定位能力。关于关键词的选取和定位能力的要求，提高到了史无前例的高度：

抓住尽可能多的名词去帮助定位，因为如果只找一个关键词的话，容易在快速地搜索中，漏掉这个唯一的关键词（通常来说，2-3个比较合适，可以极大地提高容错率）

3. 选项和原文是同一内容的不同表达方式。

就是说，如果遇到了题目的关键词在2个或2个以上段落都出现的情况，需要进一步根据题目信息进行判断。

4. 较难的选项是对原文的改写或是上下文内容的结合

这样的题目应该不是很多，10道题里面最多有1-2个，

总之，新题型的难度和以前的快速阅读基本相似，同学们掌握了正确的方法，多加练习，一定能在不久之后的四级考试中，取得满意的成绩！

全国大学生英语四六级考试(CET4,CET6)作文句型模板

句型模板 1.with the development of the society, with the advent of…, we have to face a problem that… 2.along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that… 3.as society develops, people are attaching much importance to… 4.as to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take/hold/come up with different attitudes/hold different attitudes. 5.as to whether it is worthwhile…, there is a long-running controversial debate .It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it. 6.In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma. 7.Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people in alarm that… 8.Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is… 9.The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, which the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization. More problems are brought to our attention. 10…plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world. And there comes a question," is it a blessing or a curse?" 11.Now we are entering a new era, full of oppo rtunities and challenges,… 12.But every sword has two blades. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the prominent disadvantages is that….To make matters worse,… 13.Nowadays many people prefer…because it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as fellows. On one hand, …on the other hand… 14.Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects. Whether effects it has, one thing is certain:…itself is n either good or bad. It is the use we put in to that determines it value to our society… 15.There is no consensus among people as to the view of ….The opinions vary from person to person. Some people hole the idea that….A case in point is that… 16.On the other hand, others may have a quite different view. According to them….The most typical example is that… 17.Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter. Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable to some extent, but…is more convincing. 18.Whe n asked about…,some people hold the idea that….As far as they are concerned,…But I could not agree with them in several points. In my opinion,….The reasons for my choice are listed as follows. 19.First of all…In addition…Last but not the least… 20.For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe… 21.What are the reasons for it? To start with…Moreover…Furthermore… 22.In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken. For one thing ,it is high time that people all over China reali zed the importance of…For another, the government should issue laws and regulations to put the situation under control. 23.People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case. 24.The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.

大学英语四六级2013年12月(改革后)

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Universities Branch Out A) As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. B) In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity. C) Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America?s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad. D) Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible. E) Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai?s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95

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大学英语四级匹配题详解 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】

长篇阅读——匹配题 Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Passage 1 Paper — More than Meets the Eye A) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades. B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card. C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose（纤维素化合物）-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses of which is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or , with the bulk being wood-based. Paper from Wood D) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful and then boiled with strong alkalies(碱) such as caustic soda, until a fine of fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals. E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called . This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paperback books will have a life of no greater than fifty years, not what we need for our archives. F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper". The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications. It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive. G) However, it is nevertheless what the must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to their . Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and in some cases simply vanish! H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously. I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will