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沪教牛津版英语上册八年级全册教案

沪教牛津版英语上册八年级全册教案
沪教牛津版英语上册八年级全册教案

20. nobody pron. 没有人 22. win v. (在比赛中) 获胜,赢 adv. 突然,忽然 n. 化石 n. 美元

19. suddenly

21. *fossil

23. dollar 10. intelligence n. 才智,智慧 12.ability n. 才能,能力 14. invention n. 发明 16. include v. 包括,包含 18. however adv. 然而 17. even adv. (强调出乎意料) 甚至

8. born (be born )出生 音乐家 n. adj. 人的 n. 意大利人 2. human 4 .*Italian 6. musician n. 百科全书

n. 恐龙 n. 发明家 n. 科学家 n. 乡村,农村 adj. 有天赋的 adv. 可能,大概 n. 笔记本

1.*encyclopedia 3. dinosaur

5. inventor

7. scientist

9. countryside

11. *artistic

13. perhaps

15. notebook

沪教牛津版八年级上册全册教案

Unit 1

Encyclopedia 一.必背词汇及短语

(1) 必备单词

(3) 重点句型:

1. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. 有的恐龙和鸡一样小。

2. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.

恐龙早于人类生活在地球上六千多万年。

3. Suddenly dinosaurs all died out. 突然恐龙都灭绝了。

4. However, we can learn about dinosaurs from their fossils. 然而,我们可以从恐龙的化石了解它们。

5.Nobody knows why. 没有人知道其中的原因。

6.Would you like some tea? 你想要一些茶吗?

二、知识点讲解

1.look it up!

look up:查阅;查询,查字典: look up the dictionary, 当look up 后的宾语为代词 it 或

them 时;其形式为 look it/them up.

与 look 相关词组:

look like 看起来像look after

照顾look out 当心,小心look around

环顾四周look for 寻找look forward to

期待look through 浏览look over 检查

身体look into 往里看;调查

Eg: This morning I some new restaurants on the internet for I wanted to take Mary to a nice

restaurant for her 8th birthday.

A.p icked up

B. looked up

C. cleaned up

D. gave up

2.From an early age, he showed great

intelligence and artistic ability. show:

给予,展示;表现。其用法:show sb sth 或

show sth to sb

过去式showed;过去分词showed/shown, ( 类似的词give / ) 与 show 相关词组:show up 出现;show off 炫耀;show sb around 领人到处看看

3.His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous

painting in

the world. famous:

有名的,著名的;相当于 well-

known。区别 be famous as 、be

famous for

be famous for “因…而出名”,后接出名的原因

be famous as “作为…而出名”,前面的主语和后面的名

词意思一致如:

Eg:Lu Xun was famous a writer.

New York is famous its high buildings.

4.F or example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines.

include:包括,包含,及物动词,它侧重指包含者是整体的一部分。

including 是现在分词,在许多情况下用作介词,后面可直接

跟宾语,含有补充说明之意。

*Thirty passengers were hurt, 5 children.

*The book eight chapters.

5.D inosaurs lived on Earth more than 60

million years before human beings. more

than:超过;多于;= over

million:百万

具体数字(many, some, several)+hundred / thousand

/ million / billion+名词复数hundreds / thousands

/ millions / billions +of+名词复数

Eg: ____ (thousand)of visitors have come to

Beijing in the last two months. Eg:There are two_

___ (thousand)students in our class.

6.S ome dinosaurs were as

small as chickens. as

small as :与...一样小

as..........as 修饰形容词或副词的原级

The classroom is as big as that one.

He sings as (good)as his brother.

注:as.....as 与so…as 的区别

7.Some could even fly.

even 甚至;连;用来修饰 adj 或 adv 的比较级

比较级前可用much / a lot (… 得多),a little(稍微), 等表示程度

The weather is even ( hot) today.

8.However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.

however 意为“可是,然而,尽管”.

however/ but 区别:however 意为“可是,然而,尽管”,较 but 的意味弱,通常用作连接性状语。其位置可以在句首,句末或插入句中。当其被用来对照两个分句时,中间需要有一个逗号;当它被用作

句子的插入语时,则前后应各有一个逗号。

but 作为并列连词,在意义上起转折作用。 but 前后的两个句子或

短语在意义上形成鲜明对照。 but 用来连接两个分句或两个较长的

短语时,but 前面一般要加逗号。

1)I'd like to go with you, , my hands are full.

2)I'm sorry, I won't be able to come tonight.

9.Then suddenly, they all died out.

die out: 灭绝;die 死;过去式 died;过去分词 died;die→adj. dead→n. death

die 相关的词组:die of: 死于(内

因)die from: 死于(外因) die off:

相继死去die down: 逐渐消失die away:变弱,

逐渐止息Eg: The dog has been (die) for one

day.

10.When I was young, I used to

keep a note book. used to do

是“过去常做……

辨析:

1)used to do 是“过去常做……(言外之意是现在不做了)”

2)be used to doing 为“习惯于做某事”,to 后面也可用名词也

可用代词。

3)be used to do 表示

“被用来做…” 用上面

的短语填空

He be late for class before. You will soon the life there.

We have eating rice. Wood can make paper.

11.They were not very good, but they

helped me think and dream. help:帮助

通常用法:help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

help sb with sth 帮

助某人某事; with

the help of sb 在....

帮助下help oneself

to 请自便

can't help doing 情不自禁做

12.Perhaps, you will do something important or even become

famous one day.

perhaps:可能;也许,=

possible something

important :一些重要的

形容词用来修饰 something, anything, nothing, everything 等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面

Eg:The police found nothing strange in the room.

13.Just remember to think and to dream.

remember: 记得;记住

★ remember to do sth. 记得要做某事(未做)

Please remember (turn)off the lights and fans.

★ remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)

Eg: I remember (meet)you somewhere before.

14.Some were small; others were huge.

other, another, others, the other, the others 的用法区别基本用法

other:other+ 名词( other student s )别的,其他的another: another +单数名词, “另一个”

the other:the other +复数名词= the others

“其他的人或物” (指确定范围内剩下的全部)或"

另一个"

others (别人):其后不能带名词,代换上文中提及的可数名词(非剩余全部)

the others:代词,其后不能带名词,代换上文中提及的可数名词(剩余全部)

15.How long did dinosaurs live on earth before they

disappeared.

how long “多久,多长时间”对一个持续的时间段

提问,常用“for+一段时间”和“since+时间点”

回答

how soon “多久之后”,对一个短暂性动作提问,用于一般将来的句子中,

用 in+一段时间”回答

how often“多久一次对事情发生频率提问,常用“once a ... , twice/ three times 等回答

how far “多远”对距离提问。→回答用于问距离,路程

Eg: Xiao Wang, will it take to fly to Guangzhou? —Sorry, I do not know.

A.how far

B. how soon

C. how many

D. how long

16.Jane Dickinson Magic won TV quiz.

win v. 赢;获胜。一般用做及物动词,过去式和过去分词都

是 won;常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle 等

win 与beat 都可用作及物动词,作"赢"、"战胜"讲时,其区别在于宾语的不同:win 后接比赛、战争、奖品、名次等名词,即race,match,game, competition,war,prize 之类的词;

beat 后接比赛、竞争的对手,即指人或球队的名词或代词。Eg:We the strongest team in the

football match this time. Eg: He

first prize in the competition.

17.She can find out about many......

look for 意为“寻找”,强调找的动作,是延续性动词,

find 意为“找到、发现、感到”,强调找的结果,是非延续性动词,find out 意为“查明、发现、了解”,指经过认真观察、调查或

研究把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚,多用于复杂而不容易直接查出

的情况。

Eg:Do you why Tom was late?

Eg: I’m my English

dictionary. Eg: He

can’t his watch.

练习题:

一、选出与划线部分意思相近的最佳选项。

( )1. There are more than 1,000 trees in the park.

A.on

B. before

C. above

D.

over ( )2. James is as old as Tom.

A. younger than

B. older than

C. the same age as

D. as

young as ( )3.

Dinosaurs all died out suddenly.

A. went out

B. disappeared

C. were

alive D. appeared ( )4. The baby panda

was born on a cold winter evening.

A. went to see a doctor

B. left its parents

C. came back

D. came out of its mother’s body

( )5. A good British breakfast always includes sausages.

The sentence means sausages are the breakfast.

A. part of

B. at the end of

C.

connected D. not ( )6. Each human

being has to die, but mankind goes on world

without end.

A. animal

B. machine

C. people

D.

person ( )7. You should try to find out

what made her unhappy.

A. invent

B. catch

C. include

D.

learn ( )8. There is nobody in the

classroom.

A. anyone

B. nothing

C. no one

D.

anybody ( )9. The dog barked at the man

suddenly.

A.loudly

B. excitedly

C. interestedly

D. quickly and surprisingly ( )10. There are

about 50 students in our class.

A.less than

B. around

C. less

D. under 二.单项选择

( )1. did the meeting last? —About half an hour.

A. How soon

B. How long

C. How

far D. How much ( )2. Because of

Project Hope, children have better

lives.

A. thousand

B. thousands

C.

thousand of D. thousands of ( )3.When

he was a child,he go to the river and catch

fish.

A.was used to

B. used to

C. got used to

D. used ( )4.

Unfortunately, the soldier died a

wound in the battle.

A. from

B. out

C. off

D. of

( )5. He knows that if he wants to succeed, he

must Liu Gao and

the game.

A. win, win

B. win, beat

C. beat , win

D. beat,

beat

( )6. They have twenty-six desks in the classroom. One is for the teacher, are

for the students.

A. the other

B. other

C. the others

D.

others ( )7. Remember the

newspaper when you have finished it.

A. putting back

B. put back

C. to put back

D. be

put back

( )8. The scientist did a lot of experiments to how the bees pass passages.

A.find

B. find out

C. see

D. look for

( )9. He never does his work Mary.

A.as careful as

B. so careful as

C. as

carefully as D. carefully as ( )10. I

have to do today.

A. anything important

B. something important

C. important nothing

D. important something

语法:some /any 复合不定代词教材典

1.I have some questions about dinosaurs.

2.Do they have any questions about dinosaurs?

3.Would you like some tea?

4.We don’t have any bread.

语法全解:

(一)Some 和 any 都可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,表示“一些….”但二者在用法上还是有区别的。

1.some 一般用于肯定句

Eg:David has some friends in Shanghai. 戴维在上海

有一些朋友。

2.any 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

Eg:Mary hasn’t got any pens.

Has Tom got any books?

(二)some 和 any 的特殊用法:

① some 用在疑问句中,表示请求,建议或希望得到肯定回答。

Eg:May I have some chicken? 我能吃些鸡肉吗?

Would you like some noodles?

What about some coffee?

②any 可用于肯定句,表示“任何的,任一的”,后常接可数名词单数

(any+单数名词)。

Eg:Any color is ok. 任何颜色都可以。

③ some+单数名词, 表示某一

Eg: I hope to go there someday.

④some more 一些更多的

Eg: Can you give me some more coffee? 你能再给我一些咖啡吗?

⑤some other 其他一些的,在否定句和疑问句中用 any other

Eg:Some other students will go there by bus.

Do you have any other questions?

⑥ any other+单数名词其他任何用于肯定句中

Eg:He is taller than any other boy in the class.

【中考链接】

1.( )It’s polite to take flowers as a gift when you go to

visit a friend.

A.little

B. any

C. some

2.( ) There isn’t water in the glass. Let’s go and get some.

A.many

B. lots

C. any

D. Some

复合不定代词

教材典句

1.I saw nobody.

2.There is not anybody in the room.

3.Is there anything on the bookcase?

4.Is there anyone next to the piano?

以上句子都含有复合不定代词 nobody,anybody,anything 和 anyone。语法全解

以下复合不定代词:

1.一般说来,由 some 构成的复合不定代词往往用于肯定句中;而

由 any 构成的复合不定代词则往往用于否定句或疑问句中。

Eg: I heard someone singing when I was at work last night.

Please give me

something to read.

Is there anyone at

home?

注:nobody = not… anybody = not…anyone= no one

nothing=not…anything Eg: There is nobody in the classroom. = There is not anybody in the classroom.

I heard nothing. =I didn’t hear anything.

【拓展】由 some 构成的复合不定代词有时也可用于疑问句中,用来表示请求,建议等语句。

Eg:Would you like something to drink?

Why not buy something interesting? 为什么不买一些有趣的东西呢?

2.复合不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式

Eg: Somebody wants to see you.

Is there anything I can do for you?

3.形容词修饰复合不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing 等时,形

容词要后置, 即(不定代词+形容词)

Eg: Do you have anything important to tell us?

We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一个助手,你能再给我们

找一个人吗?

4.h ave something to do 有事要做

5.T here is something wrong with…

某人/物出了问题There is

nothing wrong with…某人/物没

问题

【中考链接】

( )1. You don’t have a drink. Can I get you ?

A.something

B. anything

C. nothing

D.

everything ( )2. — Who helped you clean

the classroom yesterday?

—. I did it all by myself.

A. Someone

B. Anyone

C. Nobody

D. Everyone

练习题:

一、用 some 和 any 填空。

1.I have good friends in my class.

2.Is there water in the bottle?

3.Do you have money?

4.They don’t have time to go there.

5.–Would you like rice?

–Yes, please.

6.I don’t have milk for breakfast.

二、根据句意,用方框里的词填空,每词可用多次。any,some,something,nothing,anybody,nobody

1.I have work to do today.

2.They didn’t have friends there.

3.–Would you like coffee with sugar?

–Yes, please.

4.Can you tell me interesting?

5.Hello! Is there ?

6.Would you like to eat?

7.The thief found i n the room, so he stole much money that

night.

8.I can hear but your voice.

9.There was at home when I visited Lily, so I went away.

10.When I have problems, I will ask my mother.

三、句型转换。

1.I saw nobody.

I .

2.I didn’t eat anything.

I .

3.Bob heard nothing.

Bob didn’t.

5.They will meet nobody.

They .

6.She doesn’t know anything.

She .

四、选择题。

( )1.--Do you have to say?

--No, I don’t.

A.anything

B. anyone

C. nothing

D. someone

( )2. I couldn’t meet on the island, so I had no one to talk with.

A.nothing

B. anybody

C. something

D.

nobody ( )3. broke the window last night.

Do you know who broke it?

A. Anything

B. Somebody

C. Something

D.

Anybody ( )4. All the students went back

home. There was in the classroom.

A. somebody

B. anybody

C.

everybody D. nobody ( )5. —Is here?

—Yes, I am here.

A. anybody

B. some

C. everybody

D.

nobody ( )6. I knocked on the door

but answered.

A. somebody

B. nobody

C. anybody

D. someone

( )7. There was not in the room, so the thief stole all the money there easily.

A. no one

B. nobody

C.

anybody D. something ( )8.

Somebody singing in the room.

A. are

B. is

C. be

D.

am ( )9. Nobody was

looking for me, ?

A.were they

B.

wasn’t they C. weren’t they D.

weren’t they ()10. I need for my

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