CHAPTER 1
肝阳liver yang
肝气liver qi
肝开窍于眼liver open at the eyes
肺开窍于鼻lung open at the nose
心开窍于舌heart open at the tongue
上亢ascendant hyperactivity
肝阳上亢ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang
阳盛yang exuberance
阴盛yin exuberance
阳衰yang debilitation
阴衰yin debilitation
传统医学traditional medicine
中医traditional Chinese medicine
中西医结合integration of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine 阴阳学说yin-yang theory
五行学说five-phase theory
中医基础理论basic theory of TCM
中医诊断学traditional Chinese diagnostics
方剂学formula study
经方classified formula
合方combined formula
改方modified formula
经络学说meridian and collateral (study)经脉meridian vessel
穴位acupuncture points
头皮针scalp acupuncture
耳针auricular acupuncture
中药学traditional Chinese pharmacy
中医养生traditional Chinese life nurturing 中医康复traditional Chinese rehabilitation 中医护理traditional Chinese nursing
整体观念holism
五脏five viscera
六腑six bowels
CHAPTER 2
精气学说essential qi theory
肾精kidney essence
清气clear qi
清阳clear yang
清热clear heat
阳虚yang deficiency
虚火deficiency fire
血逆blood counterflow
气逆qi counterflow
过虑伤肺excessive anxiety damage the lung 气闭qi block
热闭heat block
阳脱证yang collapse pattern
津脱fluid collapse
补阳tonify yang
补气tonify qi
补血tonify blood
苍天之气heaven qi
气机qi dynamic
陈腐之气stale qi
气陷qi fall
正气healthy qi
气滞qi stagnation
阳证yang pattern
胃热证stomach heat pattern
证型pattern type
阴中之阴yin within yin
阳中之阴yin within yang
阴阳互根mutual rooting of yin and yang
治本treat the root
阴阳消长waxing and wanting of yin and yang
月有阴晴圆缺the waxing and wanting of the moon 阴阳调和harmony of yin and yang
气血不调disharmony of qi and blood
调和气血harmonize the qi and the blood
和胃harmonize stomach
和法harmonizing method
阳盛阴虚yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity
表实exterior excess
实寒excess cold
虚实夹杂deficiency-excess complex
表证exterior pattern
表虚exterior deficiency
里虚interior deficiency
里实interior excess
表里关系exterior-interior relation
阴阳转化yin-yang conversion
由实转虚conversion of excess into deficiency
阴阳格拒yin and yang repulsion
冷热格拒cold and heat repulsion
阳邪yang pathogen
阴邪yin pathogen
五行five phases
木行wood phase
土生金earth engenders metal
木生火wood engenders fire
土克水earth restrains water
木克土wood restrains earth
木乘土wood overwhelms earth
水乘火water overwhelms fire
水侮土water rebels earth
木侮金wood rebels metal
金侮火metal rebels fire
母子相及mother and child inter-affecting
Mother and child affecting each other CHAPTER 3
先天之气innate qi
先天之精innate essence
后天之气acquired qi
后天之精acquired essence
肝肾同源homogeny of liver and kidney
精血同源homogeny of essence and blood
命门之火life gate fire
气门qi gate
君火sovereign fire / heart fire
相火ministerial fire
正气healthy qi
宗气ancestral qi
元气source qi
原穴source point
卫分defence aspect
卫气defence qi
运化transportation and transformation
气化qi transformation
气机失调qi dynamic disorder
气机瘀滞qi dynamic stagnation
寒凝气滞qi stagnation due to cold congealing 寒滞肝脉cold stagnating in the liver vessel
肝气上逆liver qi ascending counterflow
胃气上逆stomach qi ascending counterflow 肝气横逆transverse invasion of liver qi
真气genuine qi
营气nutrient qi
下气海lower sea of qi
气化作用transformation function
心血heart blood
血瘀blood stasis
气郁qi stagnation
活血化瘀activate blood and resolve stasis
营卫nutrient and defense
营分nutrient aspect
水谷精华the essence of water and food
水谷代谢water-food metabolism
津液fluid and humor
津血同源homogeny of fluid and blood
液脱证humor collapse pattern
气液代谢qi-humor metabolism
中气下陷sunken middle qi
升举中气upraise middle qi
心神heart spirit
神昏spirit failing to keep to its abode
三焦triple energizers
脾气散精the spleen qi disperses essence
肺主通调水道the lungs regulate the waterways 肾主水the kidneys dominate water
肝主疏泄the liver dominates free coursing
三焦主诸气the triple energizers dominate all qi
肾主二便the kidneys dominate urination and defecation
肺主宣发，主排汗和呼吸the lung govern sweat discharge and respiration
魂ethereal soul
精神essence-spirit
意ideation
魄corporeal soul
志will
气血失调disharmony of qi and blood
阴阳失调disharmony of yin and yang
气血两虚dual deficiency of qi and blood
气阴两虚dual deficiency of qi and yin
气病及血qi disease affecting the blood
阳损及阴detriment to yang affecting yin
气不摄血qi deficiency failing to control blood
脾不统血spleen failing to control blood
气不化津qi failing to transform fluid
CHAPTER 4
五脏five viscera
中脏viscera stroke
藏象viscera manifestation
脉象pulse manifestation
脏腑viscera and bowel
六腑six bowels
奇点extra point
奇恒之腑extraordinary organs
上焦upper energizers
中焦middle energizers
三焦tripple energizers
心包经pericardium channel
热入心包heat enters pericardium
胆经gallbladder channel
胆实热gallbladder excess heat
小肠虚寒deficient cold of small intestine
心热传入小肠transmission of heart heat to the small intestine 大肠虚寒deficient cold of large intestine
热迫大肠heat distressing the large intestine
膀胱气化bladder qi transformation
膀胱湿热dampness heat of the bladder
冷凝胞宫证pattern of cold congealing in the uterus
热入血室heat entering the blood chamber
Blood chamber is another name of uterus
肝气犯胃liver qi invading the stomach
风热袭肺wind-heat invading the lung
火旺effulgent fire
阴虚火旺yin deficiency with effulgent fire
肺气失于宣发lung qi failing to diffuse
肾精不足kidney essence insufficiency
虚火上炎deficient fire flaming upward
心火上炎heart fire flaming upward
髓海sea of marrow
血海sea of blood
心胃火燔heart-stomach fire ablaze
肝气郁滞liver qi depression
化火transform into fire
藏血store blood
主疏泄govern free coursing
少阳之气lesser yang qi
心藏神heart houses spirit
脾藏意spleen houses ideation
热伤神明heat damaging bright spirit
直中direct strike
风中经络wind striking meridian and collateral 风中血脉wind striking blood vessels
清热clear heat
燥干清窍dryness affecting the clear orifices
升清upbearing the clear
泌别清浊separation of the clear and turbid
湿浊dampness turbidity
降浊downbear turbid
降火downbear fire
骨蒸潮热bone-steaming tidal fever
肾主骨kidney govern the bone
淤阻脑络证pattern of (blood) stasis obstructing the brain collateral 髓海sea of marrow
髓通于脑marrow connects to the brain
经脉collateral vessel
血脉blood vessel
二七天癸至heavenly tenth arrives at the age of 2 times 7
七七天癸竭heavenly tenth fades away at the age of 7 times 7
月经menstruation
母乳喂养breastfeeding
CHAPTER 5
外因external cause
内因internal cause
不内外因cause neither internal nor external
外邪external pathogen
阴邪yin pathogen
外感external contraction
新感new contraction
外感风寒external contraction of wind-cold
外感六淫six-excess external contraction
六淫入血分six excesses entering the blood aspect 暑湿summerheat dampness
中暑summerheat stroke
湿浊dampness turbidity
下焦湿热lower energizer dampness-heat
凉燥cool-dryness
津枯血燥desiccation of liquid and blood dryness 温邪warm pathogen
温下法warm purgation
温毒pestilential pathogen
瘟疫论treatise on pestilence
婴儿惊厥（惊风）infantile convulsion
刚痉febrile convulsion with chills
暑邪summerheat
肝风内动internal stirring of liver wind
目上斜视upward squint of the eyes
疮疡sores and ulcers
内伤internal damage
伤阳damage to yang
伤津damage to fluid
七情seven emotions
情志不遂emotional upset
喜极伤心excessive joy damaging the heart
怒极伤肝excessive anger damaging the liver
忧极伤肺excessive anxiety damaging the lung
思极伤脾excessive thought damaging the spleen
悲极伤肺excessive sorrow damaging the lung
恐极伤肾excessive fear damaging the kidney
惊极伤心excessive fright damaging the heart
劳倦overexertion and fatigue
寒厥cold syncope
脏厥visceral syncope
（内脏阳气衰微所致的肢厥，a syncope due to yang debilitation of internal organs）怒则气上anger causes qi to ascend
喜则气缓joy causes qi to slacken
悲则气消sorrow causes qi to disperse
恐则气下fear causes qi to descend
惊则气乱fright causes derangement of qi
思则气结thought causes qi to bind
忧则气郁anxiety causes qi to be depressed
目赤bloodshot eyes
五味偏嗜flavor predilection
饮食偏嗜dietary predilection
创伤学traumatology
外伤traumatic injury
房劳sexual overindulgence
劳复taxation relapse
女劳sexual taxation
风痰wind-phlegm
寒痰cold-phlegm
痰饮phlegm-retained fluid
痰湿phlegm-dampness
水湿water-dampness
淤血犯头static blood invading head 痿病wilting disease
骨痿bone wilting
筋痿sinew wilting
绞痛colic pain
寒疝cold abdominal colic
淤痰blood stasis-phlegm
浓痰purulent phlegm CHAPTER 6
四诊four diagnostic examinations
精神状态mental state
面部表情facial expression
面色complexion
望小儿指纹vein of the infant's fingers 舌象tongue manifestation
藏象visceral manifestation
人体human body
舌体tongue body
舌形form of the tongue
制剂形式preparation form
舌态motility of the tongue
口眼歪斜deviated of the tongue
歪舌deviated tongue
落枕stiff neck
强硬舌stiff tongue
震颤法trembling method
颤动舌trembling tongue
舌根root of the tongue
舌尖tip of the tongue
舌边margins of the tongue
淡红舌pale red tongue
淡白舌pale tongue
红舌red tongue
绛舌crimson tongue
青舌blue tongue
紫舌purple tongue
青紫舌bluish purple tongue
嫩舌tender-soft tongue
胖大舌enlarged tongue
肿胀舌swollen tongue
瘦薄舌thin tongue
点刺舌spotted tongue
芒刺舌pricky tongue
齿痕舌teeth-marked tongue
裂纹舌fissured tongue
痿软舌limp wilting tongue
麻痹舌paralyzed tongue
吐弄舌protruded agitated tongue 短缩舌contracted tongue
地图舌geographical tongue
舌苔tongue fur
腻苔slimy fur
滑苔slippery fur
苔色fur color
舌色tongue color
中剥苔centre peeling fur
根剥苔root peeling fur
苔质texture of fur
润苔moist fur
燥苔dry fur
燥裂苔dry and cracked fur
前剥苔anterior peeling fur
镜面舌mirror tongue
类剥苔exfoliated fur
淡红色薄白苔red tongue with thin white fur
红舌薄黄干苔red tongue with thin, yellow and dry fur 命关life bar
舌诊tongue diagnosis
望舌inspection of the tongue
CHAPTER 7
口气mouth odor
汗味sweat odor
倒经inverted menstruation
白带white vaginal discharge
黄带yellow vaginal discharge
恶露不下retention of the lochia
恶露不绝persistent flow of lochia
口臭fetid mouth odor halitosis
把脉take pulse
病脉morbid pulse
三部九侯three positions and nine indicators 布指
寸口脉wrist pulse
寸口诊法wrist pulse-taking method
人迎脉carotid pulse
趺阳脉anterior tibial pulse
寸，关，尺cun/inch, guan/bar and chi/cubit 诊尺肤cubit skin examination
指法finger technique
叩击法tapping technique
举，按，寻lifting, pressing and searching
推寻pulse searching
平脉tranquil pulse
燥脉agitated pulse
按诊body palpation
按腧穴acupuncture point palpation
病色morbid complexion
病脉morbid pulse
浮脉floating pulse
孤阳上越deficiency yang floating upward 沉脉sunken pulse
脾气下陷sunken spleen qi
中气下陷sunken middle qi
单按pressing with one finger
总按simultaneous palpation
浮脉floating pulse
沉脉sunken pulse
迟脉slow pulse
数脉rapid pulse
虚脉vacuous pulse
实脉replete pulse
洪脉surging pulse
细脉fine pulse
滑脉slippery pulse
涩脉rough pulse
弦脉string-like pulse
结脉bound pulse
相兼脉combined pulse
芤脉hollow pulse
散脉dissipated pulse
革脉drumskin pulse
伏脉hidden pulse
牢脉firm pulse
阳明腑证yang brightness bowel pattern 缓脉moderate pulse
缓脉（不正常）relaxed pulse
疾脉racing pulse
大脉large pulse
长脉long pulse
濡脉soggy pulse
弱脉weak pulse
短脉short pulse
微脉faint pulse
动脉stirred pulse
紧脉tight pulse
代脉intermittent pulse
促脉skipping pulse
驱寒dissipate cold
散瘀dissipate stasis
风动stirring wing
阴虚动风yin deficiency with stirring wind
中医术语翻译的国际标准与文化传承 近期，千华翻译公司翻译了一批中医文献，现将我们搜集的部分有用的资料共享如下： 2007年1O月，世界卫生组织(WH0)西太区颁布了《传统医学名词术语国际标准》(WHO International StandardTerminologies 011 Traditional Medicine in the Western PacificRegion)。这一标准的颁布，使得中医术语翻译的规范化进程向前迈出了坚实的一步。同时，这一标准也将有助于包括中医学在内的传统医学在世界范围内的推广和应用，因此被业内人士称为“传统医学发展的里程碑”。然而，从学科自身发展角度而言，这一新的国际术语标准并非一成不变，WHO有关官员表示在今后实践中将对此标准不断修改与完善，使术语的翻译能更准确地将中医文化体现出来。现从经络部分就中医术语的翻译和文化传承进行粗浅探索。 1 WH0西太区颁布的《传统医学名词术语国际标准》经络部分的翻译和文化传承 1．1 十二经脉的翻译与文化传承：十二经脉是结合脏腑、手足、阴阳三方面内容而命名的。WH0西太区颁布的《传统医学名词术语国际标准》中，将十二经脉的翻译如下：手太阴肺经：lung meridian(LU)；手阳明大肠经：large intestinemeridian(LI)；足阳明胃经：stomachmeridian(ST)；足太阴脾经：spleenmeridian(SP)；手少阴心经：heartmeridian(HT)；手太阳小肠经：small intestine meridian(SI)；足太阳膀胱经：bladdermeridian(BL)；足少阴。肾经：kidlleymeridian(KI)；手厥阴心包经：pericardium meridian(PC)；手少阳三焦经：triple energizer meridian(TE)；足少阳胆经：gallbladder meridian(GB)；足厥阴肝经：liver meridian(LR)。从上述翻译中可以看到，WH0西太区在翻译这些术语时，主要是由“脏腑名称”+“经脉名”构成。这种方法简便、方便交流，但这样翻译明显有遗漏。如“lung meridian(LU)”的翻译中，看不到“手太阴”的翻译。《灵枢·经脉》中对十二经脉的命名采用“脏／腑+手／足+阴／阳+脉”的形式命名。该命名形式，主要是在继承和保留“手／足+阴／阳+脉”格式的基础上，将脏腑名置于手足阴阳之前，增加了脏腑的元素，体现了经脉理论和脏腑理论的融合。所以，我们看到每一经脉的名称均依据分布于手足内外、所属脏器的名称和阴阳属性命名。为了准确、毫无遗漏的传递这些术语信息，笔者建议应以“脏或腑+经脉名称+of+手或者足+阴阳”的格式翻译，具体如下：手太阴肺经：lung meridian ofhand．taiyin(LU)；手阳明大肠经：large intestine meridian ofhand．yangming(LI)：足阳明胃经：stomach meridian offoot．yangming(ST)；足太阴脾经：spleen meridian of foot．taiyin(SP)；手少阴心经：heartmeridian ofhand．shaoyin(HT)：手太阳小肠经：small intestinemeridian ofhand．taiyang(SI)；足太阳膀胱经：bladder meridianof foot．taiyang(BL)：足少阴肾经：kidney meridian offoot．shaoyin(KI)；手厥阴心包经：pericardium meridian ofhand-jueyin(PC)；手少阳三焦经：sanjiao meridian ofhand．shaoyang(SJ)；足少阳胆经：gallbladder meridian offood—shaoyang(GB)：足厥阴肝经：livermeridian offood-jueyin(LR)。采用这样的格式英译十二经脉名，能够完整体现中医对十二经脉命名的全部信息。 另外，三焦的英译也与中医理论和传统文化不合。WHO西太区在《传统医学名词术语国际标准》将“手少阳三焦经”译为“triple energizer meridian(TE)’这里涉及一个很具有中医文化特色的术语“三焦”的翻译。三焦是一个特殊的“腑”，既是对人体胸腹部位及其所藏脏腑器官目的划分，又是对人体某些功能系统的概括。三焦分上、中、下三焦，主要
英语常见中医术语 绪论introduction 中医学traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) 中医学理论体系theory system of TCM 中医基础理论basic theory of TCM 整体观念holism concept 五脏一体观holism of five ogans 形神一体观holism of body and spirit 天人一体观holism of human beings and universe 医学模式medical pattern 辨证syndrome differentiation 论治treatment variation 疾病disease 证候syndrome 症状symptom 体征physical sign 辨病disease diagnosing 同病异治different treament for the same disease 异病同治the same treatment for the different disease 第一章中医学的哲学基础 Ancient philosophic basis of TCM 精jing(as the world origin in ancient philosophy) 气qi(as the world origin in the ancient philosophy) 精气学说theory of jingqi 生命life 中介medium 气机qi activity 气化qi transformation 感应induction 水地说hypothesis of jing originating from water and earth 云气说hypothesis of qi originating from cloud and air 气一元论monism of qi 元气一元论monism of qi 阴阳yinyang; yin and yang 阴阳学说theory of yinyang 阴阳对立inter-opposition between yin and yang 阴阳互根inter-dependence between yin and yang 阴阳消长wane and wax between yin and yang 阴阳交感inter-induction between yin and yang
第一步：介绍中医历史 Traditional Chinese medicine ,abbreviated as TCM ,is a broad range of medicine practices sharing common concepts which have been developed in China and are based on a tradition of more than 2,000 years ，including new and traditional medicine practices such as herbal medicine，acupuncture， massage (Tuina),exercise(qigong)and so on. 第二步：介绍中医学治疗的全面性 Under the guidance of this philosophy, TCM regards balancing, eliminating and transforming pathogens as the main principles to treat diseases and maintain health, rather than confronting and killing as methods to conquer diseases. In the fight against viral diseases, chronic inflammation, functional disorders, endocrine disorders and other diseases, TCM plays a good role. 1、TCM puts the occurrence of diseases with these things together, which are climatic changes, environmental variations, emotional fluctuations, imbalance of diet and life. That is, the so-called Three Pathogens Theory. This etiology doctrine based on the macro methodology is entirely different from that of Western medicine which is on the basis of the microscopic and pathologic anatomy. But it is exactly a biological, psychological, social and advanced medical model. 2、TCM relies upon inspection, listening, smelling, inquiry and pulse-taking to directly experience and study the dynamic information of
[学科] 中医①traditional Chinese medicine②traditional Chinese physician ①中医学的简称。 ②本学科专业职业队伍。 中药Chinese materia medica 在中医理论指导下应用的药物。包括中药材、中药饮片和中成药等。 中医学traditional Chinese medicine 以中医药理论与实践经验为主体，研究人类生命活动中健康与疾病转化规律及其预防、诊断、治疗、康复和保健的综合性科学。 中药学Chinese materia medica 中药学科的统称。研究中药基本理论和各种药材饮片、中成药的来源、采制、性能、功效、临床应用等知识的学科。 中医药traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacology 本草：Materia medica 中药：Chinese materia medica，Chinese medicinals(包括植物药、动物药、矿物药等） 中草药：Chinese Herbal Medicine,Chinese medicinal herbs 中药学：Chinese pharmaceutics 药材：Medicinal substance(material) 中西医结合integration of traditional and western medicine 中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 中医诊断学diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine 方剂学 prescriptions of Chinese materia medica， Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae/ prescriptions 中医内科学internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine [阴阳]The Theory of Yin and Yang 阴阳对立：Opposition of yin and yang 阴阳制约：Restriction of /between yin and yang 阴阳互根：Interdependence of yin and yang 阴阳消长：Waxing and waning of yin and yang 阴阳转化：Inter-transformation of yin and yang [五行学说]The Theory of Five Elements 五行：water，fire，wood，metal，soil 生：promote, generate, engender 克：act, restrict, restrain 乘：overact, over-restrict, over-restrain, subjugate, overwhelm 侮：counteract, counter-restrict, counter-restrain, rebel [整体观念] concept of organic wholeness 辩证法dialectics 生长化收藏sprouting, growth，transformation，ripening，storage 内外环境统一性the unity between the internal and external environments 机体自身整体性the integrity of the body itself 古代唯物论和辩证法classic Chinese materialism and dialectics 矛盾统一the contradictory unity 互相联系、相互影响related to each other and influence each other
v1.0可编辑可修改Lesson One History of Traditional Chinese Medicine 中医术语 acupunture and moxibusion 针灸 health maintenance 养生 drugs cold and cool 寒凉药 the school of cold and cool 寒凉派 diaphoesis emesis purgation 汗吐下 the school of purgation 攻下派 exagenous pathogenic factors 外邪 reinforcing the earth 补土 internal impairment of spleen and stomach would bring about vorious diseases 内伤脾胃百病由生 yang is usually redundant ,while yin is frequently deficient. 阳常有余阴常不足 nourishing yin滋阴 medicinal herbs草药 blood stagnation淤血 warm and inorgorate the spleen and stomach温养脾胃 中国医药学 : traditional Chinese medicine 中医基础理论 : basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 临床经验 : clinical experience 辨证论治 : treatment based on syndrome differentiation;pattern identification and treatment 本草 : materia medica 中药 : Chinese materia medica; Chinese medicinals 中草药 : Chinese medicinal herbs 四气五味 : four properties and five tastes
第一课 1.中国中医药traditional Chinese medicine; TCM 中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 临床经验clinical experience辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation 杂病miscellaneous diseases中药学Chinese pharmacy 四气五味four properties and five tastes 针灸acupuncture and moxibustion; acumox古代中国哲学classical Chinese philosophy汗法sweating therapy; diaphoresis 下法purgation吐法vomiting therapy; emetic therapy补土派the School of Reinforcing the Earth方剂prescription; formula 医疗实践medical practice治疗原则therapeutic principles寒凉药herbs cold and cool in nature滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire瘀血致病diseases caused by blood stagnation 第二课 1 ve zang-organs; five zang-viscera五脏six fu-organs六腑system of meridians and collaterals经络系统holism整体观念organic wholenss有机整体social attribute社会属性(of the five zang-organs) open into开窍sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store生长化收藏diagnostics诊断学relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi邪正关系therapeutics治疗学common cold due to wind and cold风寒感冒different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease同病异治the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases异病同治balance of water metabolism水液代谢平衡clearing away heart fire清心火nature of disease疾病本质treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side以左治右drawing yang from yin从阴引阳treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part病在上者下取之 第三课 1 philosophical concept哲学概念mutual transformation相互转化balance of yin and yang阴平阳秘transformation between yin and yang阴阳转化extreme cold turning into heat寒极生热 pathological changes病理变化absolute predominance 绝对偏盛 general rule of pathogenesis病机总纲supplementing what it lacks of补其不足eliminating wind and dispersing cold祛风散寒mutually inhibiting and promoting相互消长mutually inhibiting and restraining相互制约interdependence相互依存excess of yin leading to decline of yang阴胜则阳病contrary and supplementary to each other相反相成organic whole有机整体impairment of yang involving yin阳损及阴deficiency of both yin and yang阴阳两虚deficiency cold syndrome虚寒证suppressing yang and eliminating wind熄风潜阳 第四课 1.the doctrine of five elements; the theory of five phases五行学说free development 条达舒畅to be generated and to generate生我我生restraint in generation生中有制Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally.木曰曲直Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping.土元稼穑 Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing.水曰润下over restriction and counter-restriction相乘相侮Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient.土虚木乘promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation生克制化disorder of a mother-organ involving its child-organ母病及子insufficiency of essence and blood in the liver and kidney肝肾精血不足blood deficiency in the heart and liver心肝血虚exuberant fire in the heart心火亢盛insufficiency of liver yin肝肾不足declination of kidney yang肾阳衰微weakness of the spleen and stomach脾胃虚弱soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach平肝和胃insufficiency of kidney yin肾阴不足balance between water and fire水火不济 第五课 doctrine of visceral manifestations脏象学说five zang-organs and six fu-organs五脏六腑extraordinary fu-organs齐桓之府nutrients of water and food水谷精微ransmitting and transforming water and food传化水谷storing essence贮藏精气internal and external relationship表里关系therapeutic effects治疗效应 clinical practice临床实践storage without discharge藏而不写discharge without storage泻而不藏physical build and various orifices形体诸窍(of five zang-organs) open into开窍spirit and emotions精神情志the heart storing spirit心藏神the lung storing corporeal soul肺藏魄the liver storing ethereal soul肝藏魂the spleen storing consciousness 脾藏意the kidney storing will肾藏志the luster manifesting upon the face其华在面 第六课 the heart governing blood and vessels心主血脉sufficiency of heart qi心气充沛rosy complexion面色红润sufficiency of blood血液充盈unsmooth vessels脉道不利lusterless complexion面色无华thin and weak pulse脉象细弱the heart storing
中医术语英文翻译对照表 治则 principle of treatment 在对临床的具体立法、处方、用药等具有普遍的指导意义，因而在治疗疾病时必须遵循的基本原则。 治病求本 treatment aiming at its pathogenesis 针对产生疾病的根本原因进行治疗的原则。 急则治标 symptomatic treatment in acute condition 与缓则治本相对而言，在大出血、暴泻、剧痛等标症甚急的情况，及时救治标病 缓则治本 radical treatment in chronic case 与急则治标相对而言，针对病势缓和、病情缓慢的情况，从本病的病机出发，采取调理、补益为主的治疗原则。标本兼治 treating both manifestation and root cause of disease 针对病证出现的标本并重的情况，采用治标与治本相结合的治疗原则。 治未病 preventive treatment of disease 采取一定的措施防止疾病产生和发展的治疗原则，包括未病先防和既病防变两个方面。 同病异治 treating same disease with different methods 表现相同的病证，可因人、因时、因地的不同，或由于病情的发展、病机的变化、病型的各异、正邪消长等差异，采取不同治法的治疗原则。 异病同治 treating different diseases with same method 表现不同的病证，由于发病机理相同，采取相同治法的治疗原则。 因时制宜 treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions 考虑到时令气候寒热燥湿的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因地制宜 treatment in accordance with local conditions 考虑到地域环境的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因人制宜 treatment in accordance with the patient's individuality 考虑到病人的体质、性别、年龄、生活习惯以及过去病史等个体差异性的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 扶正祛邪 strengthening vital qi to eliminate pathogenic factor 对于正虚为主、因虚致实的病证，应采取扶助正气为主，使正气加强，从而达到驱除病邪目的的治疗原则。 祛邪扶正 eliminating pathogen and strengthening vital qi 对于邪气实而正气偏虚的病证，应采用以消除病邪为主，扶助正气为辅，使邪去正安或正复的治疗原则。 扶正固本 strengthening body resistance 对于正气亏虚的病证，采用培补正气以愈病的治疗原则。 攻补兼施 reinforcement and elimination in combination 对于虚实夹杂，或虚实病情相当，可采用既祛邪又培补，即攻邪与扶正并重的治疗原则。 正治法 orthodox treatment 又称“逆治法”。 针对疾病的本质，从正面进行治疗，即逆病性而治的常规方法。 寒者热之 treating cold syndrome with hot natured drugs 针对寒性的病证应使用温热方药进行治疗的原则。 热者寒之 treating heat syndrome with cold natured drugs 针对热性的病证应使用寒凉方药进行治疗的原则。 虚者补之 treating deficiency syndrome with tonifying method 又称“虚则补之”。
中医术语英文翻译对照表 治则在对临床的具体立法、处方、用药等具有普遍的指导意义，因而在治疗疾病时必须遵循的基本原则。 治病求本针对产生疾病的根本原因进行治疗的原则。 急则治标与缓则治本相对而言，在大出血、暴泻、剧痛等标症甚急的情况，及时救治标病 缓则治本与急则治标相对而言，针对病势缓和、病情缓慢的情况，从本病的病机出发，采取调理、补益为主的治疗原则。标本兼治针对病证出现的标本并重的情况，采用治标与治本相结合的治疗原则。 治未病采取一定的措施防止疾病产生和发展的治疗原则，包括未病先防和既病防变两个方面。 同病异治表现相同的病证，可因人、因时、因地的不同，或由于病情的发展、病机的变化、病型的各异、正邪消长等差异，采取不同治法的治疗原则。 异病同治表现不同的病证，由于发病机理相同，采取相同治法的治疗原则。 因时制宜考虑到时令气候寒热燥湿的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因地制宜考虑到地域环境的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因人制宜 's 考虑到病人的体质、性别、年龄、生活习惯
以及过去病史等个体差异性的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 扶正祛邪对于正虚为主、因虚致实的病证，应采取扶助正气为主，使正气加强，从而达到驱除病邪目的的治疗原则。 祛邪扶正对于邪气实而正气偏虚的病证，应采用以消除病邪为主，扶助正气为辅，使邪去正安或正复的治疗原则。 扶正固本对于正气亏虚的病证，采用培补正气以愈病的治疗原则。 攻补兼施对于虚实夹杂，或虚实病情相当，可采用既祛邪又培补，即攻邪与扶正并重的治疗原则。 正治法又称“逆治法”。 针对疾病的本质，从正面进行治疗，即逆病性而治的常规方法。寒者热之针对寒性的病证应使用温热方药进行治疗的 原则。 热者寒之针对热性的病证应使用寒凉方药进行治疗的 原则。 虚者补之又称“虚则补之”。 针对虚弱性的病证应采用补益方药进行治疗的原则。 实者泻之又称“实则泻之”。 针对性质属实的病证应采用攻泻方药进行治疗的原则。 反治法又称“从治法”。 针对疾病出现假象，或大寒证、大热证用正治法发生格拒的情况，
中医英语词汇 下面是整理的中医英语词汇，以供大家学习参考。 中医①traditional Chinese medicine②traditional Chinese physician ①中医学的简称。②本学科专业职业队伍。 中医学traditional Chinese medicine 以中医药理论与实践经验为主体，研究人类生命活动中健康与疾病转化规律及其预防、诊断、治疗、康复和保健的综合性科学。 中医药traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacology 中医与中药的合称。 中医药学traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacology 中医学与中药学的合称，侧重反映中医与中药两者共同发展，密不可分。 中药Chinese materia medica 在中医理论指导下应用的药物。包括中药材、中药饮片和中成药等。 中药学Chinese materia medica 中药学科的统称。研究中药基本理论和各种药材饮片、中成药的来源、采制、性能、功效、临床应用等知识的学科。 中西医结合integration of traditional and western medicine 现代医学等现代科学知识及手段来继承和发展中医药，中西医学相互补充，取长补短，诊治疾病的医学形式。 中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 研究和阐明中医学的基本概念、基本理论、基本规律、基本原则的学科。 中医诊断学diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine 根据中医学的理论体系，研究诊察病情、判断病种、辨别证候的基础理论、基本知识和基本技能的学科。 方剂学prescriptions of Chinese materia medica 研究治法与
一、绪论 中医学TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine), 中医学理论体系的形成Origination of TCM, 形成formation, 发展development 中医学理论体系的基本特点 The basic characteristic of Traditional Chinese Medicine theory 整体观the whole concept, 辨证论治syndrome differentiation and treatment 第一章阴阳五行学说 阴阳Yin-yang , 阴阳的特性the property of yin-yang 阴阳之间的相互关系Interaction between yin and yang 阴阳对立制约Opposition of yin and yang 阴阳互根互用Interdependence between yin and yang 阴阳消长平衡Wane and Wax between yin and yang 阴阳相互转化Mutual transformation between yin and yang 阴阳学说在中医学中的应用 The applications of the theory of yin-yang in TCM 说明人体的组织结构Explanation of the histological structure of the human body 解释人体的生理功能Explanation of the physiology function activity of the human body 阐释病理变化Explanation of pathogenesis 阴阳偏盛Relative predominance of yin or yang 阳偏盛Relative predominance of yang 阴偏盛Relative predominance of yin 阴阳偏衰Relative decline of yin or yang 阳偏衰Relative decline of yang 阴偏衰Relative decline of yin the five elements, 五行 五行特性the five elements property 第二章中医学的生理观 藏象“Zangxiang”, 五脏five Zang-organs, 六腑six fu-organs,生理功能the physiological functions , 气qi, 血blood , 津液body fluid, 气的生成、运动和分类the production ,moving and classification of qi, 血的生成和运行the production and circulation of blood
中医常用词汇英文翻译01
中医英语常用词汇英文翻译02 气化不利dysfunction of qi in transformation 畏寒喜热aversion to cold and preference for heat 气分热盛excessive heat at qi phase
气郁化热stagnation of qi transforming into heat 温养脏腑warming and nourishing the viscera 瘀血阻络blood stasis obstructing the collaterals 清肺润燥clearing the lung and moistening dryness 破瘀通经breaking blood stasis to promote menstruation 内伤头疼headache due to internal injury 祛瘀eliminating stasis, expelling stasis 逆传心包reverse transmission into the pericardium 气不摄血failure of qi to check the blood 宁心安神calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind 血液循行circulation of the blood 惊悸不安palpitation due to fright 气的运动形式the moving styles of qi 血液生成不足insufficient production of the blood 平肝止血soothing the liver to stop bleeding
中医术语的中英文参考对照 治则principle of treatment 在对临床的具体立法、处方、用药等具有普遍的指导意义，因而在治疗疾病时必须遵循的基本原则。 治病求本treatment aiming at its pathogenesis 针对产生疾病的根本原因进行治疗的原则。 急则治标symptomatic treatment in acute condition 与缓则治本相对而言，在大出血、暴泻、剧痛等标症甚急的情况，及时救治标病。 缓则治本radical treatment in chronic case 与急则治标相对而言，针对病势缓和、病情缓慢的情况，从本病的病机出发，采取调理、补益为主的治疗原则。 标本兼治treating both manifestation and root cause of disease 针对病证出现的标本并重的情况，采用治标与治本相结合的治疗原则。 治未病preventive treatment of disease 采取一定的措施防止疾病产生和发展的治疗原则，包括未病先防和既病防变两个方面。 同病异治treating same disease with different methods 表现相同的病证，可因人、因时、因地的不同，或由于病情的发展、病机的变化、病型的各异、正邪消长等差异，采取不同治法的治疗原则。 异病同治treating different diseases with same method 表现不同的病证，由于发病机理相同，采取相同治法的治疗原则。 因时制宜treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions 考虑到时令气候寒热燥湿的 不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因地制宜treatment in accordance with local conditions 考虑到地域环境的不同而选择适 宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因人制宜treatment in accordance with the patient''''s individuality 考虑到病人的体质、性别、年龄、生活习惯以及过去病史等个体差异性的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。
中医术语翻译的诀窍 由于中医术语高度概括，抽象深奥，且多采用古汉语表达，故给中医翻译带来了很大的难度。翻译不是简单的语际语码的转换，而是一种真正意义上的跨语言，跨文化交际… 中医英语翻译乃是一种双重的跨语言，跨文化交际。因为在翻译过程中首先要实现古汉语，古代文化与现代汉语，现代文化之间的转换，然后再实现从现代汉语向英语，东方文化向西方文化的跨越。这要求译者在具备翻译功底的同时，还须熟知中医学理论和扎实的古汉语知识。本文就中医术语的翻译方法及相关问题进行讨论。 一、科技英语常用构词法科技英语构词中，普遍运用复合法，缀合法，缩合法，首字母缩略等。在中医术语翻译时可借鉴之。 1、复合法这类术语在中医术语翻译中占了很大的比例，其含义大多是各个词含义的叠加。采用这种译法的优点是容易找到对应词，结构明了，易于理解缺点是译文往往不够简洁，例如活血化瘀。 2、缀合法此类术语的含义为词缀与词干意义的相加，特点是简洁，专业性强，与西医术语的可比性强，便于学术交流。但在目前中医术语翻译中，这类词的使用比例并不高，如针灸。 3、缩合法其含义通常是构成该词的两个部分的词语意义相加，其特点类似缀合法。例如针压。 4、首字母缩略这种方法在科技英语(包括医学英语)中使用得非常广泛，但在中医英语中却很少使用。目前被本人系天天论文网就职11年的资深论文编辑；工作中与各大医学期刊杂志社进行学术交流过程中建立了稳定的编辑朋友圈，系多家医学杂志社的特约编辑，常年为医学期刊杂志供稿，负责天天论文网医学论文·分检·编校·推送·指导等工作！工作企鹅1:1550116010工作企鹅2：766085044普遍接受的只有”中医”一词。当然，也有学者在这方面做了有益的尝试，如将温病缩略为。 首字母缩略是一种非常便捷的构词方式，可提高单位词汇的信息量。但是，如何运用这一方法使中医术语趋于简洁，规范，还有待进行深入的研究。 二、其他翻译方法 1、词性的转换由于中文和英文的语言结构，表达方式不同，在翻译时要将中医术语的结构进行转换。较常用的方法是将中文的主谓结构，动宾结构转换成英文中的名词性词组或非限定动词词组。例如: 止痛等。对症状的描述也多采用类似的方法。由于症状表示的是一种状态，而非具体动作，其中文可采用主谓或动宾等词组来描述，而在英语中则常采用名词(词组)或动名词(词组)的形式。如盗汗等。 2、结构调整中医术语大多形成于中国古代，故语言形式上保留了古汉语的特点，讲究工整对仗。但在译成英语时，往往需要对这类结构进行调整，采用符合目的语语言习惯的结构，实现意义上的忠实。如神疲肢倦，心悸怔忡等2.3音译法由于东西方文化和中西医理论之间存在很大的差异，所以有不少中医术语很难在西医(英语)中找到对应的词用意译的方法则译文过于冗长，不符合术语简洁精练的要求。在这种情况下，采用音译不失为一种可取的选择，必要时可加以注释，以弥补音译的不足。例气一，气功一，阴阳一。气是中医理论中的一个重要概念，它既可以指人体的生命物质，也可以指人体的生理功能。用音译法来翻译，则最直接，最简洁地反映出了”气”的真实内涵。 三、翻译中须注意的问题 1、求同存异对于在英语中有完全或部分对应词汇的术语，应尽量采用对应语，以与国际通用术语接轨，符合术语标准化的要求，又便于目的语读者的理解。如腰，胃痛，头晕耳鸣等。尽管象”腰”，”胃”等术语在中医中的含义与西医并不完全一致，但如果采用其他