Book7 unit2动词不定式被动语态形
一、复习各种时态的被动语态
★被动语态的基本结构: be+ done
（以the book , publish 为例）
一般现在/过去时：
The book is/ was published.
一般/过去将来时:
The book will/would be published.
The book is/was going to be published.
现在/过去进行时：
?
The book is/was being published.
现在/过去完成时:
The book has/had been published.
情态动词：
The book can/could/may/might…be published.
2）完成式：（not/ never）to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如:
They say that Mike is sick in bed.
=It is said that Mike is sick in bed.
=Mike is said to be sick in bed.
据说麦克卧床不起.
People believe that he was killed.
=It is believed that he was killed.
—
=He is believed to have been killed.
大家相信他被杀了.
四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done).
语法功能：
1．作主语：
It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.
2．作宾语：
She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.
3．构成复合宾语：
He wanted the letter to be typed at once.
"
She didn’t like herself to be praised like that.
4．构成复合谓语：
The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room.
5．作定语：
Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office
6．作状语：
She was too young to be assigned such work.
五、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式to have been done（表示该动作是发生在主句之前的一个被动动作），在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：
It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语）
She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)）
^
He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语）
The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）
She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语）
六、不定式的主动形式表示被动
1．There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。(多用主动形式)
例如：There is a lot of work to do / to be done.
There is no time to lose /to be lost.
译：没有什么可担心的。
________________________________
There is nothing to worry about.
|
注意以下两点：
(1)如果不定式结构加了"for sb."表示的逻辑主语时
There are still many questions for us to discuss. (us与discuss 主谓关系，用主动to discuss)
There are a lot of reasons for the book to be published.
(the book与publish是动宾关系，用被动to be published)
(2)某些动词(do, see)的不定式特殊用法时，两种形式所表示的意思不同。比较：
There is nothing to do now. (We have nothing to do now.)
There is nothing to be done now. (We can do nothing now.)
There is nothing to see. (Nothing is worth seeing.)
There is nothing to be seen. (Nothing is there at all.)
·
2．在“主语+ be+ adj+ to do”句型中：常见的adj有hard，amusing，interesting， cheap，difficult，dangerous，easy，nice，important，.
That question is difficult to answer.
He is an impossible person to work with．
但若要强调句中的受事者，也可用不定式的被动式：
The handwriting is difficult to be read.
★注意：
如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。
John is difficult to deal with.
分析：_________(动)----________(宾)）
译：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。
___________________________________
?
这题目很难算出来。
______________________________________
The armchair is comfortable to sit in
The question is difficult to work out
3. 当上述第2题中形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式：
I found him easy to get along with.
They don’t think the game interesting to play.
I find the lecture difficult to understand.
4.在“too—to do; enough…to…”结构中。如：
The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．
'
The house is big enough to live in.（不及物动词要补出相应的介词）
但若要强调句中的受事者，也可用被动式：
This box is too heavy to be lifted.
5．在“with+n+to do”结构中。（和逻辑主语是主动关系）
例如：With nothing to do，he lay in bed．
With so many exercises to do，I can‘t go to the cinema．
6．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。
例如：I have a meeting to attend.。(to attend与I有主谓关系，即I 是逻辑主语)
Give him some books to read. (to read与him有主谓关系，即him 是逻辑主语)
如果不属于上述情况，则表示被动意义时仍需要用被动形式。试比较下面两句：
~
1. Have you anything to do this afternoon
2. Have you anything to be taken to the city (by me or someone else)
（to take 与you没有主谓关系, 即you不是逻辑主语）
练习：填写括号中动词的适当形式
1. I have a meeting ______ (attend) today.
2. He gave me some books _______(read).
3. I’m going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything __________(take) to your parents
7．一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。
常见的这类动词有let(出租)，rent，hire，blame等。
例如：The house is to rent. Nobody was to blame for the accident.
&
但是，具有对比意义时，仍用被动形式。例如：
The room is to be rented, not to be sold.。She is to be praised, not to be blamed.
Exercise
1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains____ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
2. I hurried to the meeting hall, only____ that the meeting had been put off.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
3. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears____ everything.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. to be telling
D. to have been told
4. Little Tom should love____ to the theater this evening.
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being taken
D. taking
￥
5. With a lot of problems____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
6. He___ and was made to repeat it.
A. didn’t understand
B. didn’t be understood
C. wasn’t understand
D. wasn’t understood
7. The pupils here____ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks.
A. kept busy doing
B. keep on doing
C. have kept busy doing
D. have been kept busy doing
语法检测
一．根据括号内的动词填入正确形式。
1. It will take several weeks for your computer to ____________ (repair).
—
2. I knew him ___________________ (catch) by the police.
3. A vote is required ______________(take) in our company at once.
4. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed______________ (steal) it.
7. I hope _______________(admit) to Zhongshan University.
book is said to ____________________(translate) into several languages.
feel greatly honored _________________(welcome) into their society .
on! It is an easy sentence ______________ (translate).
I came in, he pretended to _____________.(read)
Smith warned her daughter ______________(not drive) after drinking.
don’t know whether you happen ______________(hear), but I’m going to study in the this September.
{
seems ____________________（punish) by his teacher yesterday.
school ordered all the classroom_________________( clean ).
grandmother seems to have a lot ____________ (worry) about.
am going to the post office.
Do you have any letter ______________(post)
are lucky enough ____________________(not catch) in the rain.
20. I’ll go to New York. Have you anything ____________(take) to your wife there
21. Have you any clothes ____________(wash), sir”asked the maid.
22. I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes___________(wash)
二、翻译练习
-
1.据说这会议已经被取消了.
______________________________________________________________
2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。
______________________________________________________________
3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。
______________________________________________________________
4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。
______________________________________________________________
5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸.
______________________________________________________________
>
6.她假装没有听懂我说的话.
______________________________________________________________
7.我希望被中山大学录取。
______________________________________________________________
8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。
______________________________________________________________
8. Visitors____ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request
B. request
C. are requesting
D. are requested
10. In some parts of the world, tea ____ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving
B. is served
C. serves
D. served
11.【2010卷】There were many talented actors out there just waiting ______.
A. to discover
B. to be discovered
C. discovered
D. being discovered
12.【2007卷】When asked why he went there, he sais he was sent there ___ for a spaceflight
A. training
B. being trained
C. to have trained
D. to be trained
13.【2006卷】It took a long time for the connection between the body temperature and illness__
A. to make
B. to be made
C. making
D. being made
动词不定式专项练习 （一）选择 1. The policeman told the little boy _____ football in the street. It’s dangerous. A. not play B. not playing C. not to play D. to play 2. Martin looks so well. We’ve never seen him ______ so well before. A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look 3. They preferred ______ in bed rather than ___ horses. A. to lie; to ride B. lying; riding C. to lie; ride D. lying; ride 4. —What do you think of tomorrow’s football match? — ______difficult for us ______ the match. A. We’re; to win B. We’re; winning C. It’s; to win D. It’s; winning 5. — Hi, Peter. Why are you in such a hurry? — ______the 7:30 train. A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Caught 6. Don’t forget _________ the letter. A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent 7. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 8. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which 9. I’m afraid they would not allow him ________ here. A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 10. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it. A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 11. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 12. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习
Grammar Presentation---动词不定式 一、不定式的句法功能 ●不定式作主语 ?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。 ◎不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的主语（不定式短语）移到谓语之后 ?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ●不定式作宾语 ◎作动词宾语 ◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语，如：agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。 ◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“it”作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。 下列动词常用it作形式宾语，如：believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day. 我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。 ●不定式作表语 ◎不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容 ?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing.
不定式用法详解 定义：在句子中充当除了谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词有三种：不定式，动名词，分词。 注：非谓语动词具有时态和语态的变化，可以同否定词not连用，构成否定形式，可以带宾语，状语，补语。非谓语动词的名词，形容词，副词的特征；可用在句中做主语，宾语，补语，状语，和定语等。 —不定式（原形动词前加to, 构成动词不定式。不定式不做谓语，属于非谓语动词） 不定式的时态，语态 一般式：不定式所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或几乎同时发生或存在。但多数情况下是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。 e.g :They often watch us play football. (同时) She hopes to go there again. (之后发生) 完成式：不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前。 e.g : I’m glad to have seen your mother yesterday 注：1）用在intended, expected, meant, hoped. promised, wanted, planned. wished. thought, desired, was, were等后，表示过去没有实现的愿望，期待或计划的等，也用来表示先于谓语动词发生的动作或状态。 e.g: He wanted to have met (=had wanted to meet) you at the airport,but he didn’t get there in time. 他原想去机场接你（事情已经发生），但他没及时赶到那儿。（没接成） e.g: We planned to have done (had planned to do) good deeds for the poor people last month. 我们原计划上个月为贫困的人们作些好事。（没作成）。
动词不定式专项训练 A. to solve B. to be solve C. being solved D. solving A. for her to return B. that she must return C. her returning D. of him to return A. costs... to get B. costs... getting C. takes... to get D. takes... getting A. to explain B. to have been explained C. to be explained D. to be explaining A. to learn B. to be learning C. to have learned D. to have been learning Keys: 1-5 A A C C C
专项练习 1.The flu is believed_______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have been caused 2.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need A. that. .. to be improved B. which ... to be improved C. where. . . to be improving D. when.. . improving 3.Remember_________the magazine when you have finished reading it. A. putting back B. having put back
无被动语态的动词 除不及物动词无被动语态外，有另外六类动词无被动语态： 1．某些表示静态的及物动词： have，suit，hold（容纳），cost，suffer，last（持续）等。 He has a good car．（不说：A good car is had…）他有一辆好汽车。 They were having a bath then．（不说：A bath was
being had…）那时他们正在洗澡。 The shoes don't fit me．（不说：I'm not fitted by…）这双鞋不合适我。 He resembles his father．（不说：His father is resembled by…）他长得像他父亲。 The shirt suits me well．（不说：I'm suited by…）这衬衫很合我身。 The room can hold 500 people．（不说：500 people
can be held by…）这房间能容纳500个人。 The book cost me five dollars．（不说：I was cost five dollars by…）这本书花了我5美元。 They suffered heavy losses．（不说：They were suffered…）他们损失惨重。2．某些由及物动词转变的自动词(不需借助宾语即可表达动作，区别他动词，需要借助宾语表达动作) 这类动词常见的有：
promise（有指望），sell，wash，write，wear，read，break out，run out，give out，add up to，take place，turn out（证实），catch（挂住），等。 。 The goods sell well．（不说：…are sold…） 这些商品畅销。 The clothes wash well．（不说：…are washed…） 这些衣服好洗。 My pen writes
语法：动词不定式 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 一、构成：to do .否定式not to do 二、常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语:现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后 置。 比较下列句子 To lear n from your frie nds is importa nt.=lt is importa nt to lear n from your frie nds . ______ To leave without say ing goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying ________ goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasa nt thi ng.=lt is a pleasa nt thi ng to chat with Miss ______ White. To walk to school takes me ten minu tes.=lt takes me ten minu tes to walk to school. _______ 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sb：?i= are +adj. +to do 在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等）。 It is very kind of you to help me. It ' s not polite of himto speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do …乞aisb+Odj. +to do 女:果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is n ecessary for us to study hard ___ It is easy for him to speak En glish. 动词不定式作主语练习 1. It's our duty the room every day. A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. cleans（甘肃省）
动词不定式的用法讲解 一、动词不定式： 构成：to + 动词原形（to只是不定式符号，没有意义） 动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。 1.It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s impor tant for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4.It is a good idea to do sth. 作宾语 1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有： want to do sth. decide to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth. offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sth promise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth. 2. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn’t know what to do next.
动词不定式（The Infinitive） 一、概述 不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。它有两种形式：（1）带to的不定式；（2）不带to的不定式（即通常所说的动词原形），它可以和助动词或情态动词构成谓语。不定式既有动词性质，又有名词性质。 1）不等式具有动词性质，即它有时态和语态的变化；可有自己的宾语或状语并构成不等式短语。如： Would you like to tell me an interesting story? 你可不可以给我讲一个有趣的故事？（不等式to tell有自己的宾语me和story）He was too clever a man to be fooled.他这个人很机灵，不会被愚弄的。（不等式的被动语态） I’m going to go there by bike. 我想骑自行车去那儿。（不定式有状语there） They will set up more primary schools in the countryside. 他们将在乡村修建更多的小学。（不带to的不等式与助动词will一起构成谓语）但是，不等式没有人称和数的变化，即不受人称和单数、复数的限定或影响。 She likes to play the accordion. 她喜欢弹奏手风琴。 She liked to play the accordion when she was young. 她很小就喜欢弹奏手风琴。 2）不等式具有名词性质，即它在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语等。如： To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。（作主语） This suit doesn’t seem to fit me.这件衣服似乎不适合我穿。（作表语） She wanted to see which shops offered the best service. 她想看看哪家商店提供最好的服务。（作宾语） There’s no need to be worried. 不需要担心。（作定语） He went there to see what would happen.他去那儿是想看看会出什么事。（作状语） 3）不等式虽然在语法上不能有主语，但它表示的动作，在意思上是可以有自己的主语，在语法上这个主语称为不等式的逻辑主语。这个逻辑主语可能是整个句子的主语、宾语等，也可以用一个由for引起的短语表示。如： His friends tried to encourage him. 他的朋友设法鼓励他。（不等式的逻辑主语His friends同时也是句子的主语） Every year, tobacco companies must persuade new people to start smoking cigarettes. 每年烟草公司要设法使一些比吸烟的人开始吸烟。（不等式的逻辑主语new people是句子的宾语）It’s very difficult for a foreigner to learn Chines e. 外国人学汉语是很不容易的。（不等式的逻辑主语由for引起的短语表示） 另外，不等式的否定形式一般在它的前面直接加not或never。 The teacher has told me many times not to come late again.老师多次告诉我不要再来晚了。 She seems not to have a bright time with her new friends.和新朋友在一起她似乎过得不是太好。 二、不定式的主要用法 动词不等式具有名词、形容词及副词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语（或主语）补足语、表语、定语、及状语等。 1、不定式作主语 ①不等式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 To conquer English is not easy. 征服英语不容易。 To make plan firs t is a good idea. 先制定计划是个好主意。 To know everything is to know nothing. 事事皆通，无一精通。 ②不等式作主语时，常常用形式主语it替代，而将真正的主语不等式放在句子的后面。 It is necessary to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语很有必要。 It’s a great pleasure to see you again.再次见到你真高兴。 It is a bad manner to stare at a foreign guest.盯着外宾看是一种不良的举动。 ③如果说明不等式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不等式的前面加一个for引起的短语，这就是常见的“It is adj./n. for sb. to do sth.”句式。如： It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to his friends when they are talking. 对阿拉伯人来说，交谈时站得离朋友近些是好的礼貌。 It is a great honor for us to be presented at the party.我们能来参加晚会，深感荣幸。 It will be a regret for us not to help him. 我们没有帮助他是个遗憾。 ④在某些形容词（如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等）作表语时，不等式前常加一个以of引起的短语，来说明不等式指的是谁的情况。这就是常见的 “It is adj. of sb to do sth.”句式。如：
没有被动语态的动词 作者：佚名文章来源：本站原创 及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的动词短语一般有自己的被动语态。 1.The truth must be found out . (动词+副词) 2.The slow students shouldn’t be looked down upon. (动词+副词+介词) 上面句子中的动词或动词短语一般有自己的宾语，都可以象这样改为被动语态，但是要注意下列情况。 一、系动词和不及物动词没有被动语态。 She seemed tired after she worked a whole day. 常见的系动词look （看起来），sound (听起来)，taste （尝起来），smell （闻起来），feel（感到），go（变得），grow (变得)等。 二、一些不能接宾语的动词短语当然也有被动语态。 1．The war broke out in 1937. 2．The story took place in a small mountain village. 三、甚至有些及物动词和可以接宾语的动词短语要看他们作什么意思讲，有时也 只能有主动语态而不宜于用被动语态。 1．We have six classes every day. (上课) 2．The hall can hold more than 500 people. (容纳) 3．The project lasted 14 years and cost I billion US dollars. (延续) 4．No dish suits all tastes. (适合) 类似的还有fit ,catch ,get ,take ,own ,meet 等。 四、而有些动词和短语兼有及物和不及物两种用法，所以前者有被动语态，而后 者没有。 １．He serves in the Navy Department. (服役，不及物) ２．Hamburger is served in this restaurant. (供应，及物) ３．The plane toke off at eight last night. (起飞，不及物) 类似的还有look into （作往里看，不及物；作调查、研究，及物）look up (作好转，不及物；作查阅，及物)等。 五、而如果及物动词后的宾语是反身代词，相互代词；或者宾语前面有和主语同 一人物的物主代词；或者是同源宾语的动词，也常常不能转换为被动语态。 例如：
非谓语动词 一、英语句子需要遵循一个总原则：一个句子只能有一个动词。当一个句子必须要出现两个或两个以上的动词才能完整 表达一个意思时，为了不违法总原则，英语有四种处理方式： 1. 切分成两个或者多个句子 She is a girl. She likes English 2. 将一个谓语动词做主句，其余动词改成从句 She is the girl who likes singing. 3. 添加and, but, or, when, because, not only..but also, either..or 等连词变成并列结构 She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 4. 将其中一个动词变成非谓语动词形式 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. 二、非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词(and,but,or等)的情况下， 还有别的动词出现时，这时就要用非谓语动词 三、非谓语除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以做 不定式（to do） 四、非谓语动词三种形式分词现在分词（doing） 过去分词( done ) 动名词(doing) 五、非谓语动词解题技巧： 1. 判断是不是用非谓语动词（1.看有没有逗号 2.看有没有谓语 3.看有没有连词。要牢记英语中逗号不能连接两个 句子，一个句子如果没有连词只能有一个谓语） 2. 判断是主语和动词是主动还是被动关系 3. 判断时间, 确定非谓语动词和主句动词谁先发生，谁后发生 不定式的用法 不定式构成一般式完成式进行式 主动关系to do to have done to be doing 被动关系to be done to have been done 不定式动词和谓语动词发生的时间关系不定式的动作和谓语动作同时发生， 或发生谓语动作之后 he seems to know a lot 不定式的动作发生在谓语动 作之前 I regretted to have told you a lie. 不定式的动作和谓语 动作同时发生 I’m glad to be talking with you 不定式否定形式在to前加not. 即not to..... 不定式充当的成分主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾补
高中英语语法讲解不定式 （The Infinitive） 定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。 E.g. He want his students to read the book aloud. A． 1 2 不定式的意义 不定式的一般式(to do ) 一般式表示的动作或状态，发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后My wish is to become a doctor He seemed to be tired. She stopped to have a rest. 不定式的被动式 (to be done) 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers. I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents? 如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示动作正在进行,这时候不定式就要用进行式.（to be doing） They are said to be building another bridge across the street. They seemed to be talking about something important. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world. I’m glad to be working with you. 如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式 (to have done) ；若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done). He is said to have written a novel about the Long March. He thought it a pity not to have invited us. The assistant seemed to have been fired. He is said to have been taught French when he was a child. Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties. 如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作，就要用完成进行式. They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang. We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.
动词不定式专项练习 根据句意及所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。 1．I've come____________________（借词典）． 2．I'm very sorry____________________（麻烦你）． 3．He is too frightened____________________（不能动）． 4．The teacher asked us____________________（用英语说它）． 5．I'd like____________________（吃苹果）． 6．The policeman told the boys____________________（别在公路上玩耍）．7．His uncle will teach him____________________（唱歌和跳舞）． 8．You'd better____________________（别在阳光下看书）． 9．We often watch them____________________（（踢足球）． 10．Let's____________________（去散步），shallwe？ 11．Later he left home____________________（找）that lost watch． 12．He found it very difficult____________________（入睡）． 13．Why not____________________（去划船）？ 14．She often helps her mother____________________（做家务）．15．When you leave the room，please don't forget____________________（关掉）the light． 动词不定式作坊答案： 1．to borrow the dictionary 2．to trouble you 3．to move 4．to say it in English 5．to eat apples 6．notto play on the road 7．to sing and dance 8．not read in the sun 9．play football 10．go for a walk 11．to look for 12．to get to sleep 13．go boating 14．（to）do the housework 15．to turn off
1. belong to属于…… Our success belongs to all the people present. 我们的成功属于在座的每一个人。 2. stand, lie等静态动词 这些动词表某物位于某处。 There stands a high building over there. 那边矗立着一座高高的楼房。 3. taste, feel, look, smell, sound 等感官动词 This kind of food tastes good. 这种食物尝起来味道很好。Ice always feels cold to us. 对我们来说冰摸起来总是冷的。 4. stay, keep, remain等动词 The weather has stayed hot recently.最近天气一直很热。 After his election to a high office, he remained modest. 在被选为高级领导干部之后他仍然谦虚。 5. sell well( 畅销), last well(持久), wash well(耐洗), write well(写起来流畅)等动副搭配 This kind of flower sells well. 这种花很畅销。 The pens produced in this factory write well .这家工厂生产的钢笔写起来流畅。 6. wash easily(易洗), break easily(易折), write smoothly(写起来流畅), light easily(易燃)等动副搭配 This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布容易洗。
动词不定式用法讲解 1、构成及特征 动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式，即非谓语动词形式，它有两种形式：一种是“to + 动词原形”构成（to- infinitive）；另一种是不带to的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。所有行为动词都有不定式形式，其否定式是在不定式前加not。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留有动词的特点：（1）可以有时式和语态的变化，也可以有自己的宾语或状语，它们一起构成了不定式短语。He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。（带宾语和状语） The factory to be built here next year is a car factory.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。（有语态的变化） （2）动词不定式还具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语等成分。 He wants to study English.他想学英语。（to study English在句中作want的宾语，而to study又有自己的宾语English, to study和English一起构成了不定式短语。）Never to offend anyone is his principle.不得罪人是他的原则。（不定式作主语） 注意：不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。作主语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句；作宾语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句；作定语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句；作目的状语时，相当于so that 或in order that引导的目的状语从句。 It is right for her to say so.(= It is right that she should say so.)她这样说是对的。 He has a lot of work to do.(=…that he should do)他有很多工作要做。 I don’t know where to get the ticket.(= …where I could get the ticket.)我不知道哪
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 英语语法专项：动词不定式用法归纳及练习答案 动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。 但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。 另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。 动词不定式的肯定形式是 to＋do；其否定形式是 not to＋do。 1．作主语可以直接作主语。 如： To see is to believe．但在英语中，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。 如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）．点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在 It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或 It is ＋ n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it 仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能 to do 作宾语。 attempt 企图 enable 能够 neglect 忽视 afford 负担得起demand 要求 long 渴望 arrange 安排 mean 意欲，打算 begin 开始 expect 期望 appear 似乎，显得 determine 决定 manage 设法 cease 停止 hate 憎恨，厌恶 pretend 假装 ask 问 need 需要 1/ 7
动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for 引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
语法动词不定式专项练习 基础题： 1. He told her ______ there at once. A. get B. gets C. should get D. to get 2. It ______ me two hours to find your new house. A. cost B. took C. spent D. used 3. ---- I didn't hear you come in last night. ---- That's good. We tried_____ noisy. A. not be B. not to be C. to be not D. to not be 4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped____on a big rock by the side of the path. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest 5. “The light in the office is still on.” “oh, I forgot____.” A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 6. I remembered___ the English novel at home yesterday forgetting_____ it to the library. A. leaving; to return B. to leave; return C. leaving; returning D. to leave; to return 7. I really don't know ____ . A. to swim B. how to swim C. to swim how D. how swim 8.The children all turned ____ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 拓展题： 9. ______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends. A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete 10. _____ , you need to give all you have and try your best. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner 11.With the world changing fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day. A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing 12. Last summer I took a lesson on_____. A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be made C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made 13. She pretended_____ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 14. Tom kept quiet about the accident_____ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to