情态动词
一、知识梳理/提炼
1. can和could的用法
表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。如：
Can you finish this work tonight?
Man cannot live without air.
— Can I go now? — Yes, you can.
注意：①could也可表示请求，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can （即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如：
Could I come to see you tomorrow?
Yes, you can. （否定答语可用No, I'm afraid not.）
②can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。如：
I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
2. may和might的用法
1)表示许可。
表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn't表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意。如：
You may drive the car.
— Might I use your pen? — No, you can’t/ mustn't.Yes, you can/may.
用May I ... 征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中，用Can I ... 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。
2) 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如：
祝你成功！May you succeed!
3)表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。
他现在可能很忙。He may be very busy now.
3. must和have to的用法
1) 表示必须、必要。如：
You must come in time.
回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn't，而要用needn't或don't have to。— Must we hand in our exercise books today?
— Yes, you must. No, you don’t have to/needn’t.
2) “must be + 表语”的结构表示对现在的推测，它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。
这肯定是你的笔吧。This must be your pen.
3) have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同：
① must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。如：
The play is not interesting. I really must go now. 我现在必须得走了
我在你这么大的时候必须得工作。I had to work when I was your age.
② must一般只表现在，have to则有更多的时态形式。
③二者的否定意义不大相同。如：
You mustn't go. 你不准去。You don't have to go. 你不必去。
4. need的用法
1) need表示“需要”或“必须
You needn’t come so early.
— Need I finish the work today?
— Yes, you must/have to/should/ought to.
2) need 也可以做实义动词，表示“需要”，人做主语时，为sb. need to do, 物做主语时为
sth. need doing 或sth. need to be done.如：
The garden needs watering/to be watered. I don't think you need to worry about this.
5. dare的用法
1）dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。如：How dare you say I'm unfair. He daren't speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
2）dare 可以做实义动词，敢;胆敢[+to-v]，如：
He did not dare to leave his car there.
6.shall和should的用法
1）shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson?
When shall he be able to leave the hospital?
2）shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：
You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告）
He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）
should的含义较多，用法较活，现介绍三种其特殊用法。请看下面的句子：
① I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试。
② You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看，你是搞错了。
③ I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。
④ This is something I should have liked to ask you. 这是我本来想问你的。
从以上例句可以看出：情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。
should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语should do，主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。如：
⑤你万一见到她，请让她给我打个电话。Ask her to ring me up if you should see her.
⑥如果你万一改变主意，请让我们知道。If you should change your mind, please let us know.
⑦ Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come.
此外，Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。如：
⑧你今天为何竟会来得这么晚？Why should you be so late today?
⑨— where is Betty living?
—我怎么知道？How should I know?
⑩我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。I don't know why you should think that I did it.
7. will和would的用法
1）表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。如：
Would you pass me the book?
2）表示意志、愿望和决心。如：
I will never do that again.
They asked if we would do that again.
3）表料想或猜想。如：
It would be about ten when he left home.
What would she be doing there?
I thought he would have told you all about it.
8. ought to的用法
1）ought to表示应该。如：
You ought to take care of him. He ought to be home by now.
9. used to，had better，would rather的用法
1）used to do过去常常做某事（现在已不做）
当他小的时候他常常5点钟就起床。He used to get up at 5 am when he was young.
Be used to do 被用来做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事
2）had better do意为“最好做某事”，后接不带to的不定式。如：
— We had better go now.
— Yes, we had (we'd better / we had better).
3）would rather do意为“宁愿做某事”，表选择。如：
我宁愿现在什么也不说。I'd rather not say anything.
你宁愿在农场工作吗？Would you rather work on a farm?
10．情态动词的现在完成式的用法
情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能：表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。在这两个方面must / mustn’t; can / can’t ; need / needn’t; may / mayn’t; might / mightn’t; should / shouldn’t; ought 等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的
表示已经发生的情况：
1）“must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中，表示过去肯定应经发生过某事。它的否
定或疑问式用can代替must。如：他一定是去过上海。He must have been to Shanghai.
2）may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，译为“过去也许发生过某事”。如：他可能已经把真相告诉他妻子了。He might have told his wife the truth. 3）couldn’t have done, 过去不可能做过某事。He couldn’t have done that.
4）could have done 过去可能做过某事。
表示虚拟语气
1）needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，译为“本没必要做某事”。如：
你本来不需要等我的。You needn't have waited for me.
2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该做某事”；should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该某事”。如：
我本来应该提前仔细地计划好一切的。I should have planned everything ahead carefully.
我本来不应该对他态度那么不好的。I shouldn’t treated him so badly/ rudely.
2）would + have + 过去分词表示过去本来会...(但没发生)，主要用于第二、三人称，表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。
如：截止到那时，宾客们本来应该到了。The guests would have arrived by that time/by then.
4）could have done, 过去本可能做某事但未做。
我本来可以赢这个游戏的，但我后来决定让她赢。I could have won the game but decided to let her win.
5）couldn’t have done, 过去本不可能做成某事。
要是没有你的帮助，我是不可能成功的。Without your help, I couldn’t have succeeded.
例题1. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ______so formally.
A. needn’t dress up
B. d id not need have dressed up
C. did not need dress up
D. needn’t have dressed up
例题2. Mary_____ my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.
A. couldn’t have received
B. ought to have received
C. has received
D. shouldn’t hav e received
例题3. ______ you continue your effort and succeed!
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. may
例题4. — What does the sign over there read?
—No person________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.
A. will
B. may
C. shall
D. must
例题5.You ______ washed so many clothes, we’ll have a washing machine tomorrow.
A. must have
B. needn’t
C. needn’t have
D. couldn’t have
巩固练习
1 I ____like to make a suggestion.
A) could B) would C) must D) might
2. John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.
A) should study B) should have studied
C) must have studied D) must have to study
3. The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned. (CET-4)
A) can't have been B) shouldn't have been
C) mustn't have been D) wouldn't have been
4. Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.
A) must have sailed B) can sail
C) might have sailed D) should have sailed
5.Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ____ in her classroom.
A) should have been B) must have been
C) must be D) should be
6.As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.
A) needn't B) may not C) mustn't D) can't
7.You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
A) needn't go B) had better not go
C) should not go D) needn't have gone
8.We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.
A) must receive B) ought to receive
C) must have received D) ought to have received
9. With all the work on hand, he____ to the cinema last night.
A) mustn't go B) shouldn't have gone
C) could not go D) couldn't have gone
10. Eve was late for class again. She ____earlier.
A) should get up B) must get up
C) need to get up D) should have got up
11.I am feeling sick. I____ so much chocolate.
A) needn't have eaten B) couldn't have eaten
C) mustn't have eaten D) shouldn't have eaten
12. The road was muddy. It___last night.
A) must rained B) must have rained
C) must be rained D) could have rained
13.I know things are hard with you, but you ____try to get over the difficulties.
A) can B) may C) must D) ought
14.You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.
A) was used to be B) used to be
C) was used to D) use to
15. Mary ____my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.
A) should have received B) has received
C) couldn't have received D) ought to have received
16. I ____ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.
A) would have liked to give B) liked to give
C) have liked to give D) would like to give
17.“Where ____ my umbrella?”
“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”
A) is, must have taken B) is, must take
C) have been, must take D) is, takes
18. Tom ____ better than to ask Dick for help.
A) shall know B) shouldn't know C) has known D) should have known
19.You ____ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.
A) had better got B) had to get better
C) had better to get D) had better get
20. When we got to the cinema, the film hasn't started yet, so we ____.
A) needn't hurry B) didn't need hurry
C) needn't to hurry D) needn't have hurried
例一-例五DADCC
BCACB CDDBD DBCBC AADDD
大学英语语法精解——情态动词 首先让我们分析以下近几年情态动词的考题： 1) This box is too heavy, _________give me a hand?(1998.1) A .would you mind B. would you please C. will you like to D. will you please to 2) Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night , no matter what we ____ during the day.(1999.1) A. should have done B. would have done C. may have done D. must have done 3)It was very kind of you to do the washing-up,but you____ it.(1998.6) A. mustn't have done B. wouldn't have done C. mightn't have done D. didn't have to do 4) If you don't like to swim, you ___ stay at home.(1995.1) A. should as well B. may as well C. can as well D. would as well 5) You ____ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.(2000.6) A. shouldn't follow B. mustn't follow C. couldn't have been following D. shouldn't have been following 6) You ___her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.(1996.1) A. needn't have seen B. must have seen C. might have seen D. can't have seen 7) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____ cleaned.(1996.6) A. can't have been B. shouldn't have been C. mustn't have been D. wouldn't have been 参考答案 1) B 2) C 3) D 4) B 5) D 6) C 7) A 2．情态动词的测试要点 从以上例题可以看出，四级语法对情态动词的测试大体有以下几点。 1）情态动词的基本用法，如①④⑤。 2）情态动词+ 动词的完成形式的用法，如③⑥。 3）情态动词的推测性用法,如⑦。
小学生语法专项练习题 名词练习 一.写出下列单数名词的复数形式 _______ 答案：1 oranges 2. Boxes 3. women 4. tomatoes 6. boys 7babies 9. Photos 10 classes 11. feet 12 houses 13 pens 14 cars 15 horses 16. radios 17 dishes 18 children 二.将下列单词的复数形式改成单数形式 ________ _________ 答案 1. doctor 2 city 3 piano 4. ear 5. church 6. leaf 7 tooth 8zoo 9brush 10 knife 12 pear 三.请从括号里选出正确的答案 1. Please give me__（two /two cups of ）coffee. 2. There are a lot of___(sheep /sheeps ) on the farm. 3. I’d like some__ (bread / breads ) and___ (potato /potatoes). 4. Look! There is a ___(mouse /mice) in the corner. 5. He bought_____(a piece of /a piece ) paper. 6. “Where is___ (Woman’s / Women’s) Room?” asked Susan. 7. ____ (The girl’s/The girls’ ) hobby is drawing. 8. Aunt Lucy sent_____ (a child’s /a children’s ) book to me. 红色为答案 冠词练习 一.在空格内填上a或an
一、选择题 1．I see the blackboard. I need to have my glasses. A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 2．Look at the sign! It says “No Smoking!” You ________ smoke here. It’s dangerous. A．mustn’t B．ought not to C．needn’t D．don’t have to 3．―I didn’t pass the driving test again. ―Don't worry. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time. A．can't B．needn't C．shouldn't D．mustn't 4．I’ve bought a nice necklace for Jo’s birthday. She _____like it, but I’m not sure. A．can B．may be C．might D．must 5．The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _____ worry about its weight. A．must B．may C．can’t D．needn’t 6．—Is that Kate’s green bike? —It ____________be hers. She likes pink. A．can’t B．could C．mustn’t D．might 7．—________your house be cleaned right now？ —No,it needn't.It may be cleaned this afternoon．（） A．Must B．May C．Can 8．—Jenny, you _________ push your way onto the bus. —I’m really sorry about it. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not 9．From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 ________ go into Disneyland alone. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．mightn’t 10．— I wonder if these are Jim's glasses. —They _____his. He doesn't wear glasses. A．might be B．could be C．can't be 11．The milk tastes bad. You’d better_______. A．throw it away B．to throw it away C．throw them away D．to throw them away 12．---You look very pretty, if I say so. ---Thanks a lot for saying that. A．must B．may C．will D．have to 13．He like coffee. I see him drink a cup at times. A．must B．may C．can’t D．mustn’t 14．—Must I go out to have dinner with you, Mum? —No, you , my dear. You’re free to make your own decision. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．can’t
一、选择题 1．— Must I go home? — No, you ________. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．don’t D．needn’t 2．-Listen! A wolf is crying! -It _______ be a wolf, because a wolf never comes out at this time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．don’t 3．A: Is Jim coming by train? B: I’m not sure. He _______ drive his car. A．must B．may C．need D．should 4．From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 ________ go into Disneyland alone. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．mightn’t 5．—______ you please tell me something about the life in Canada or America?—Sorry, I______. I don’t know either. I’m from Australia. A．Could; couldn’t B．Can; couldn’t C．Could; can’t D．Can; mustn’t 6．—Jenny, we buy Mom presents. We can clean the house from top to bottom.—Good idea! It’s a special present for Mother’s Day. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 7．— May I have some wine? — No, you . You have to drive home later. A．shouldn't B．needn't C．mustn't D．may not 8．—Jack must be in his office, I think. —No, he be in the office. He flew to Canada this morning. A．needn't B．shouldn't C．can't D．mustn't 9．Since the road is muddy,it ________last night, ________? A．must be rained; wasn’t it B．must have rained; didn’t it C．must rained; didn’t it D．must have rained; wasn’t it 10．—Have you heard about the temperature of the earth will rise to 59℃ in 2020?—Don’t worry! The news _______ be true. A．must not B．may not C．needn’t D．will not 11．-_________ you help me with my homework? -Of course if I __________. A．Could; could B．Can't; can C．Could; can D．Can; could 12．—Must we finish the work right now? —No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 13．— Will Jim come to Yangzhou for a holiday? — He ________come, it depends on how much homework he will have.
大学英语语法试题及答案(2) 第 2 单元题目： 1.More people visit the Air and Space Museum honoring men and women who have pioneered flight and the exploration of space than _____ any other monument or museum in the entire country. A) visit B) to visit C) visited D) visiting 题目： 2.I work in a little room off the main entrance _____ museum, checking coats and other articles which people do not want to carry around as they tour the building. A) to B) of C) at D) for 题目： 3.What apparently had happened, three years ago, was that Kate _____ to a different building. A) went B) has gone C) had gone D) would go 题目： 4.She had waited at another museum for days and had spent all her money _____ to find Sidney. A) tried B) trying C) to try D) try 题目： 5.Without facts we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge _____ our thinking. A) which to be based B) which to base upon C) upon which to base D) to which to be based 题目： 6.Helen believes if a man robs her of five dollars it is the same as if he _____ a hundred. A) takes B) will take C) took D) has taken 题目： 7.He had a cottage which consists _____ three rooms, a bathroom and kitchen. A) of B) with C) in D) by 题目： 8.Behind him Paul could hear the angry man _____ to break the door open. A) trying B) to try C) tried D) try 题目： 9.Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure _____. A) than more on efficiency B) and more efficiency C) and more on efficiency D) than efficiency 题目： 10.The gardener is taking care of the place, no one _____ there at present. A) living B) lives C) lived D) to live 题目： 11.The City Bank will pa fifty pounds to _____ who helps the police to catch the man. A) someone B) nobody C) anyone D) somebody 题目： 12.When Paul Carson saw the big red American car coming towards him, he stopped his won car at the side, _____ room for it to pass. A) to make B) made C) making D) make 题目： 13.What bothers me is _____ I paid for all this stuff that we don't want anymore. A) what B) that C) which D) who 题目： 14.A hinge joint is _____ permits forward and backward movement of a door. A) the B) whose C) what D) those 题目：15.Garage sales in the United States serve many purposes _____ cleaning out unwanted items and making money. A) besides B) except for C) except D) apart from 题目： 16.This is _____ the most difficult job I have ever tackled. A) by rights B) by itself C) by oneself D) by far
最新英语语法情态动词归纳总结 一、单项选择情态动词 1．Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How ________ it be that he was late for the meeting? A．can B．should C．may D．must 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了？ A. can可能，可能性，表示可能性时，常用于否定句和疑问句中，且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该； C. may也许，表示可能性时常用于肯定句中，不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测，“一定……”的意思；本题是强调句型的一个变式：强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢？”。根据句意可知，用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩，四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A 【点睛】 情态动词就是表示说话者对事情的一种看法，也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点，平时要加强记忆。 2．--- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home. --- That’s really bad. I’m sure you ______ it, but you just didn’t hurry up. A．had caught B．could have caught C．could catch D．can catch 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。——这是非常糟糕的。我肯定你能赶上，但你就是不抓紧。could have done“本来能做而没有做”。故选B。 3．-- Did Jim come? -- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out. A．might have come B．might come C．must have come D．should have come 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？--我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I don’t kn ow.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某
1．There is ____ old woman in the car. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 2．We often go to the park ____ Sundays. A．on B．in C．at D．from 3．My book ____ on the desk. A．is B．am C．are D．be 4．Which language is ____ ，English, French or Chinese? A．difficult B．the difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 5．---- ____ book is this? ----It's Kate's. A．When B．Why C．Where D．Whose 6．----Can you write a letter in English? ----No, I ____. A．may not B．mustn't C．can't D．needn't 7．I ____ my homework when Mike came last night A．do B．was doing C．am doing D．have done 8．He began to ____ English three years ago. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．learning 9．Jim is a driver, ____ he? A．does B．doesn't C．is D．isn't 10．“What's wrong ____ you?”the doctor asked. A．from B．with C．for D．at 11．He is rich, ____ he isn't happy. A．or B．so C．and D．but 12．----Where is Alice? ----She ____ to the library. A．goes
高中英语语法总结大全之情态动词 情态动词的语法特征 1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。 比较can 和be able to 1）can，could 表示能力；可能(过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。 They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。 2）只用be able to a. 位于助动词后。 b. 情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 注意：could不表示时态 1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。 --- Could I have the television on? --- Y es, you can. / No, you can't. 2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。 He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。 比较may和might 1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。 May God bless you!
初中英语语法情态动词专项练习 Exercise I ? ( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must ( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( ) 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't ( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would ( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not ?? ( ) 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't ( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't ( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need ( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( ) 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do ??? ( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must ( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to ( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not ???? ( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to ( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't ( ) 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't ????? ( ) 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't ( ) 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be ( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted ( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not ?????? ( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try
英语语法总结：情态动词的使用 情态动词的使用 1）情态动词can（能够），must（必须），may（可以）结构：主语+can/must/may+动词原型 He can make the tea. Sally can air the room. We can speak English. ★变疑问句将情态动词移到句首 Can he make the tea? Can Sally air the room? Can we speak English? ★变否定句在情态动词后面加not
He cannot make the tea. Sally cannot air the room. We cannot speak English. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he can. / No, he cannot. Yes, she can. /?No, she cannot. Yes, we can. / No, we cannot. ★特殊疑问句：（必背） What can you do? 注意：情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化，不要在情态动词或动词后面加s。
2）must/have to的区别 must 表示必须，是主观上觉得应该做，have to是不得不，是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做 must 只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里，而have to do可以用在任何时态 3）must, may, might表示猜测： ·must do 表示对现在事实的猜测 ·must have done表示对过去事实的猜测 ·must have been doing 表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测 ·may/might do, may/might have done表示没有任何事实依据的猜测，might的可能性更小。 4）can't/couldn't 表示不可能
人教版英语英语情态动词专项练习经典含答案 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—Must I clean the classroom now? —No, you_______. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：--我必须现在把教室打扫干净吗？--不，你不必。must I do …?的否定回答是No, you needn't 或者 No , you don't have to 。根据是否定回答，故选C。 2．—Where is Monica? I can't find her anywhere. —She be in the library. She loves reading books when she is free. A. must B. need C. can't 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——莫妮卡在哪？我到处都找不到她。——她肯定在图书馆，她喜欢空闲时看书。A肯定，肯定句中表示推测，B需要，C不可能，否定句中表示推测，根据 She loves reading books when she is free ，可知是肯定句表示推测，故选A。 【点评】考查情态动词，注意情态动词表推测的用法。 3．Please don't make so much noise. I ________ hear the speaker very well. A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：请不要发出那么多噪音。我不能很好地听清楚发言者的话。needn't不必；can't不能；shouldn't不应该；mustn't禁止。根据前半句的Please don't make so much noise.可知别人发出了太多噪音，所以他无法听见演讲者的话，故用情态动词can't。故选B。 【点评】考查情态动词，结合句意和词义做出判断。 4．A hard-working man ______ become a great scientist, but a great scientist _______ be a hard-working man. A. can't; can B. may not; must C. can't; must D. may not; can 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：一个勤奋的人可能不会成为一位伟大的科学家，但是一位伟大的科学家一定是一个勤奋的人。can't不可能，不会；can可能，能，会；may not 可能不；must 必须，一定；结合句意，可知，第一个空为“可能不”，第二个空为“一定”，故答案为B。
情态动词 有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。 情态动词 句和疑问句中表示请求，允许，意为“能够” could 是can 的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平在疑问句中表示委婉请求 may 表示请求、许可，意为“能够”表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许” might 是may的过去式,表推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许”must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”表有把握的推测，用语肯定句dare 表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 should 意为“应该”，表示要求和命令表示劝告、建议 had better 意为“最好”，表示建议 used to意为“过去常常，表示过去的动作、行为 考点一情态动词知识清单 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没哟人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 1. can 的用法 （1）表示水平、许可、可能性。表示水平时一般译为“能、会”，即有种水平，尤其是生来具备的水平，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。（2）表示可能、能够。如：I can finish it in an hour. （3）表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. （4）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“不可能”。 2.could的用法 （1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平。 （2）could 在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时没有过去式的意思。 3.may的用法 （1）表示请求、许可，比can 正式， （2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。 （3）may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may 。 4. must的用法 （1）must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。 （2）其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要”“千万别”“禁止, 不许”.（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to . （4）must 表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。当must 表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 She must have finished writing, hasn’t she? 5. need的用法 （1）need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。用need 提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t。如：----Need I stay here any longer? ----Yes, you must .-----No. you needn’t . (2) need 还能够作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，后边多接动词不定式。 6. dare 的用法dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性： （1）dare 作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。 （2）dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数即时态的变化。注意：在口语中，dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。Do you dare tell her what I said? 7. shall 的用法 （1）shall 表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称）， Shall we go out for a walk? （2）表示决心、警告、命令（多用于第二、三人称）， No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam. 8. should的用法 （1） should 意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment. （2） should (would)like to do sth. 表示“想要、愿意做某事”，常用于口语中。Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗？ （3）Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。 You should have finished your homework. 9. will 的用法 will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。 I will help you if I’m free this afternoon. 10. had better 的用法 had better 意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to 的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him. 考点二含有情态动词的疑问句 1. 由can、may、must构成的疑问句 （1）句式：Can/ May/ Must…+ 主语+动词原形+….？如：Can you repair the car? Could he be a good student? May I borrow your ruler?Must we clean the room now? （2）对may 引出的问句，能够有下列回答方式：Yes, of course. Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn’t.No, you can’t. （3）对must引出的疑问句，回答为：Yes, …must.No,…needn’t/don’t have to. 2. will，would，shall 的用法 （1）will 在一般疑问句中表示客气的“请求、劝说”。would 是will 的过去式，语气更加客气、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you please give me a call? （2）对will/ would you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)All right.Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please. （3）shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please.All right. No, thank you. 考点三不同情态动词的否定意义也不同 1. （1）can’t可译为“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball. 我不会打篮球。（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.（3）can’t还可用来回答“ May I …?”这样的问句。May I come in ?No, you mustn’t. / can’t.（4）can’t还可用于固定习语中。She can’t help crying. 2.may 的否定式为may not ，译成“可能不”，He may not be at home. 3.（1）mustn’t表示不许，不可。He mustn’t leave his room.
大学英语语法试题及答案（1） 第1单元 题目: 1.More people visit the Air and Space Museum honoring men and women who have pioneered flight and the exploration of space than _____ any other monument or museum in the entire country. A) visit B) to visit C) visited D) visiting 题目: 2.I work in a little room off the main entrance _____ museum, checking coats and other articles which people do not want to carry around as they tour the building. A) to B) of C) at D) for 题目: 3.What apparently had happened, three years ago, was that Kate _____ to a different building. A) went B) has gone C) had gone D) would go 题目: 4.She had waited at another museum for days and had spent all her money _____ to find Sidney. A) tried B) trying C) to try D) try 题目: 5.Without facts we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge _____ our thinking. A) which to be based B) which to base upon C) upon which to base D) to which to be based 题目: 6.Helen believes if a man robs her of five dollars it is the same as if he _____ a hundred. A) takes B) will take C) took D) has taken