人教版必修四各单元高中英语短语归纳

M4U1派生词1.achieve v.- achievement n.成就，功绩—ment n后缀movement/advertisement/development/improvement/treatmentargu ment / ment/ment2.institute n.institution n.机构，社会收容机构麻省理工学院（Massachusetts Institute of Technology），简称“麻省理工”（MIT），位于美国马萨诸塞州波士顿都市区剑桥市，主校区依查尔斯河而建，是世界著名私立研究型大学。

special a.特殊的，重要的specially adv.特意地，格外地specialize v.专攻，专门从事specialist n.专家a specialist in...方面的专家3.chimp n.非洲黑猩猩= chimpanzeegorilla n.大猩猩ape 猿4.connect v - n. connectionlink v/n.联系bond n.联系，关系，结合，纽带5.human being(人，单数）mankind（人类）human( 人，人类）human to human transmissionThe evolution of mankindhuman beings（复数）unch a campaign 开展/发起一项运动Today police launch a campaign to reduce road accidents.campaign for/against开展支持、反对...的活动election campaignOur school is aimed to launch a campaign against food wastend+mine n.地雷land 地面mine pron.我的（东西）n.矿井；地雷8. organization n.组织，机构，团体organ n. organic adj .organize v.组织organ donation/transplant8.observe v. 观察，遵守，评论，评述- n. observation 观察，观测observe the lawobserve on sth=comment on sthobserve sb do/doing sth.sb be observed to do sth.sb be obsessed doing sth.9.inspire v.-鼓舞，激发，启示n. inspiration 灵感，鼓舞generate v. 产生；形成- n. generation一代，一辈generation gapGenerational adj.consider v. considerate.adjtake...into consideration considering prep/conjConsidering that...原因状语从句Considering that oil is an irreplaceable natural resource,we must do whatever we can in order to conserve it before we find alternative energy resources-n. consideration n.考虑，体谅10.behave v - n. behavior behave yourself11.shade n.荫/v.遮住光线shadow n.影子in the shadow of the trees 在树荫下12.worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的worth adj. Worthy adj.it is worthwhile doing/to.do be worthy of doing sth13.childhood / boyhood/neighborhood/14.respect v/n.尊敬，尊重，敬意respectable adj.值得尊敬的,高尚的respectful adj.恭敬的respective adj. 各自的–respectively adv.各自地；依次地15.argue with sb about sth.chat with sb about sth.16.entertain v.款待，招待，娱乐treat entertainment17.live/lead/have a... life18.crowd n.人群，群众crowdsv.挤满，使拥挤a crowd of 一群crowded adj.拥挤的be crowded with 挤满了crowd in 涌上心头/涌入脑海19.inspire sb to doinspired /inspiring20.supportive adj.in support of 支持，赞同21.look down upon/on22.referrefer to查阅，参考，谈到referring/referredreference n.提及，涉及，参考(书目)23.sickness n.疾病，恶心kindness n.仁慈，好意homesick adj.思乡的homesicknessseasick - seasicknesscarsick - carsickness24.intend vt.计划，打算intention n.计划，打算intend sb to do打算让...做...be intended to do=intend doing/to do25.emergency n.突发事件，紧急情况emergency exit 紧急出口，太平门26.determine v.测定，决定determined adj.坚定的determination n.决心，果断27.deliver v 递送(包裹)；生sb be delivered of a baby; 接生；发表演讲deliver a speechdelivery n.递送(商品)；分娩；演说风格28.carry on 继续，坚持carry out 执行，实施29.modest adj.谦虚的；适度的modesty n.谦虚，稳重，朴实30.welfare n.福利，福利事业，幸福(近义词well-being )Social welfare child welfarewelfare benefits社会福利金welfare reformDon’t turn a bland eyes to matters that concern the poeple’s welfareThe subject touches our welfare.31.audience n.集合名词The audience is/are listening attentively形容听众人数多少用large/ small/ crowed /thin类似的有population/price/cost/ expense His lecture had a crowed/thin audience。

人教版高中英语必修四Unit2课文全解（常考单词、高频短语和写作句式）Ⅰ. 常考单词必背1．consist vi.组成；在于；一致Learning and personality do not always consist together.学问与人格并不总是相一致的。

[快速闪记]consist of由……组成consist in 在于consist with 与……一致be consistent with与……一致consistent adj.一致的；一贯的；连续的2．clarify vt.澄清；阐明I am happy to clarify any points that are still unclear.我愿意说明任何仍然不清楚的地方。

A bank spokesman was unable to clarify the situation.一位银行发言人未能把情况解释清楚。

3．accomplish vt.完成；达成；实现The explorer accomplished the voyage in three weeks.探险家在三周内完成了这次航行。

[快速闪记]同义词：finish，accomplish，complete，conclude，end4．convenience n．方便；便利Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply at your earliest convenience.你们所提供的任何帮助我们都很感激，请在方便的时候尽早联系我们。

[快速闪记](1)for convenience为了方便起见at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候convenience food方便食品convenience store便利店(2)convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的It is convenient for sb to do sth某人方便做某事if/when it is convenient方便的话/方便的时候5．attract vt.吸引；引起注意Suddenly，a round of applause attracts their attention.突然，一阵掌声吸引了他们的注意力。

高中英语必修四知识点归纳高中英语必修四知识点归纳第一单元1）ahieve表示“达成，抵达”。

差别 ahieve，reah，gain：ahieve 侧重表示达到必定目的的过程中所需要的技术，耐心和努力。

reah指达就任何目标、目的或指达到发展过程中的某个阶段。

gain 重申经过奋斗才达到所希望的目标、优势或许有益地位。

2）nditin表示“条”，nditin 为单数时，表示人 /物所处的“状态”。

nditins（复数）指一般状况，环境。

in gd/pr nditin 状况好 /不好。

ut f nditin 状况不好。

n nditin that 在条下，倘若。

n n nditin 决不。

3）nnetin表示“连结，关系”。

nnetins 亲戚。

in nnetin ith 与相关。

4）behave表示“举止，行为，行为表现”。

behave neself表现优秀，行为优秀。

behave as起作用，表现为。

）r thhile表示“值得做的，值得卖力的”。

句型 It is rhthile ding/t d sth“干是值得的”。

6）bserve表示“察看，注意”，可接省略 t 的不定式的复合构造，当 bserve用被动语态时，后来的不定式应答复 t。

bserve后也可接由此刻分词组成的复合构造。

后接 that 从句，表示“注意到，说”。

bserve还能够表示“恪守，庆贺”。

7）respet作动词，后直接跟宾语。

respet neself自重，自尊。

作名词，表示“尊敬，敬爱”。

have/sh respet fr意为“对尊敬/敬爱”。

have respet t注意，考虑。

表示“敬意，问候”时，用复数形式，常与give，send，pa 连用。

in respet f sth就某方面而言。

ith respet t 波及，对于。

8）argue表示“争辩，争辩”。

argue ith sb（abut/fr）（为/对于）和某人争辩。

人教新目标高中英语必修四Unit 3 A taste of English humour一、考点单词1content adj.满意的，满足的n. 满足，满意；内容，含量vt.使满足【活学活用】(1) She is content to (感到满足) stay at home looking after her children.(2) He is content to remain where he is now (安于现状)．(3) We had the chance to play golf to our heart's content _ (尽情地)．3entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐；款待(1) Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner (设宴款待了我们) last night.(2) He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes(用故事和笑话)．(3) You work hard to keep _everyone entertained (每个人开心), and you enjoy it asmuch as they do.5direct vt.导演；指示；指挥adj. 直的；直接的；直率的adv.直接地【活学活用】(1) He _was directed to (被指引到) a table beside the window just now.(2) Tim stands on the bends _directing the traffic (指挥交通) every day.(3) Before taking the medicine you must _read the directions (看用法说明) on the bottle.(4) [2011·湖北卷] Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，butthey may also ________ our thinking.A．direct B．Limit C．change D．improve10whisper n．耳语；低语vt.&vi.低声说；私谈；密谈【活学活用】(1) He _is whispering to (正向……耳语) his neighbor.(2) His adventures _have been whispered (私下传) everywhere.(3) It's whispered that (有私下传闻) he may resign.(4) She said it _in a whisper/in whispers (低声地), so I didn't hear.11convince vt.使确信；使信服【活学活用】(1) He tried to make them _convinced of (相信) the safety of travelling by airplane.(2) Only by presenting facts and reasoning things out _can we be convinced(我们才能信服)．(3) It was what my parents said __that convinced me (让我相信) that I had made a wrong decision.(4) _Convinced of (相信) the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it.二、考点短语1badly off穷的；缺少的(比较级worse off, 最高级worst off)【活学活用】(1) Though he is always wearing old clothes, he is _not as/so badly off (并不是那么穷) as you think.(2) In fact most people are _better off (更富裕) than they were five yeas ago.3pick out(to choose or select)挑出；(distinguish)辨别出；领会(1) She __was/is picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.(2) We'll _pick up where we finished yesterday.(3) She soon _picked up French when she went to live in France.(4) Pick out those books that you'd like to read.4cut off(to shut off)切断(水、电、煤气等)供应；断绝用cut相关短语的适当形式完成句子(1) I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _cut off(2) The ship cut her way through the wave.(3) Cutting down costs is a good way to make profits.(4) Don't hesitate to cut out the useless information in your passage.三、考点句式1.（现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”，而不定式作结果状语常表出乎意料的结果）（1）She fell off the bike, breaking her left leg.（break)她从自行车上摔了下来，摔断了左腿（2）The old scientist died, leaving the project unfinished.（leave）那位老科学家去世了，留下了未完成的项目。

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10. come up with 11. on a...basis 12. pros and cons 13. superior to 14. take over 15. conflict with 16. turn out 17. fall away 18. have an urge to 19. in the open air
Unit 1
单元重点小结
英语
重点单词
1. fiction 2. bonus 3. ridiculous 4. integrity 5. dignity 6. salary 7. absurd 8. appointment 9. guilty
n.小说;虚构的事 n.意外收获;奖金;红利 adj.愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的 n.诚实正直;完整;完好 n.庄重;庄严;尊严 n.薪水;薪金 adj.荒谬的;荒唐的 n.预约;约会;委任 adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
shops...
交际功能
Changing the topic Oh,by the way,...哦,顺便说一下,…… Oh, I remember,...哦,我记得,…… I nearly forgot!...我差点忘了!…… What I meant to tell/ask you is...我打算告诉/问你的是…… ...,but (perhaps) that’s beside the point. ……,但(或许)那不是重点。 That reminds me of...那让我想起了…… The next item on the agenda is...议事日程上的下一项是……
26. urge 27. random 28. maximum 29. explode 30. jolt 31. flip 32. stun

人教版选择性必修第四册重点内容总结Unit 1Science Fiction .................................................................................................... - 1 - Unit 2Iconic Attractions ................................................................................................ - 8 - Unit 3Sea Exploration ................................................................................................. - 15 - Unit 4Sharing .............................................................................................................. - 22 - Unit 5Launching Your Career ...................................................................................... - 29 -Unit 1Science Fiction【话题词汇】1.innovation n. 创新；革新2.hardware n. 硬件；硬设备3.database n. 数据库4.e-book n. 电子书5.password n. 密码6.smartphone n. 智能手机7.automatic adj. 自动的8.install v t. 安装9.upload v t. 上传10.calculate v t. 计算11.browse v t. 浏览12.reliable adj. 可信赖的；可信任的13.portable adj. 可携带的14.digital adj. 数字的；数码的15.intelligent adj. 智能的；有才智的16.manual adj. 手工的；手动的【话题短语】1.log in/on 登陆2.log off/out 退出3.save the data 存储数据4.shut down/off 关闭；关机5.break down 系统瘫痪6.artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能7.the information superhighway 信息高速公路8.make a breakthrough 突破rmation Technology 信息技术10.remote control 远程遥控【话题佳句】1.In 2015, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine due to the great breakthrough she had made in medicine。

人教版高中必修四英语Unit1单元知识点总结人教版高中必修四英语Unit 1 Women of achievementWarming up1. in pairs 成对2. quite an achievement 了不起的成就；a sense of achievement成就感achieve one's purpose达到目的；achieve one's goal达到目标3. have a lot/much in common (with)…) (与……)有很多共同之处have not much / a little in common (with)…) (与……)没有很多共同之处have something / nothing in common (with)…) (与……)有/没有共同之处in common with…与…..一样4.. give reasons for 给…理由5. fight for…为……而战斗/奋斗; fight ag ainst…为反对……而斗争fight one’s way out打出一条路fight on继续战斗fight out解决6. put sb to death处死某人,判处某人死刑sentence sb, to death 判处某人死刑frighten /scare sb. To death把某人吓得要命7. improve prison conditions改善监狱的条件8. the Nobel Peace Prize诺贝尔和平奖9. one of the top leaders高级领导人之一10. concern oneself with 让自己关注be concerned about/for…对…担心/关心show/feel concerned about/for…担心/关心/挂念……with concern关切地；have no concern for…毫不关心……have no concert with…. 与……无关as far as I am concerned 在我看来11.. welfare projects福利项目12.. China Welfare Institute中国福利协会13. a specialist in women's illnesses妇科疾病的专家14. devote all her life to将自己的一生献给… 致力于…devote sth /oneself to +n./pron./doing 或be devoted to +n./pron./doing奉献……于……15. encourage sb 鼓励某人；encourage sb to do sth.鼓励某人做某事16. show the connection between A and B显示出A和B之间的联系the connection of A with B A与B的关系/联系in connection with…与……相关联；关于……be connected with…与……有关系；与……有亲戚关系“与……有关系”表达法：be related to ; be linked with; be involved in ; be in relation to ; be in connection with17. a campaign for…争取得到……的运动 a campaign against…反对……的运动a campaign to do…为了做……而进行的运动campaign for…参加争取……的运动campaign against…参加反对……的运动18. as…as possible (= as…as one can) 尽可能……“尽力做某事”的表达法有：try to do sth. try/do one’s best to do sth.do all/ everything (that) one can to do sth.; do what one can to do sth.;make every effort to do sth; make efforts to do sth.; spare noeffort to do sth.;go all out to do sth.; do everything in one’s power.19.. rather than而不是Pre-reading, reading and comprehending20. behave like humans像人类的举止behave oneself举止得体；守规矩behave like…表现得像……behave towards…对待……behave well/with good manners表现好/有礼貌behave badly 表现不好21. the night before前一天晚上22. in the shade of…在……的阴影下in the shade 在阴凉处23. move off离开；启程；出发（=start (out)= set out= set off）Move away搬走；move out迁出；搬出去move on继续前进；进行搬迁24.warn sb. of /about sth.警告/提醒某人某事warn sb. against doing sth; 或者warn sb not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事25. make it all worthwhile觉得这一切都是值得的It is worthwhile to do sth or It is worthwhile doing sth.做某事是值得的be wo rth one’s while doing / to do s th. 值得做某事注意这些句型的差异：worth; worthy; worthwhile1）be worth + n.=be worthy of + n.The matter is worth consideration =The matter is worthy of consideration.这件事值得考虑。

audience, career , emergency, generation, modest
重点短语 devote...to，move off，lead a．..life，crowd in， look down upon/on，refer to，by chance， carry on come across，carry on (with) sth.，be intended for 重点句型
The lecture is well worth listening to，though it is
rather long.
这条项链值1 500美元。
The new necklace is worth $1,500. Many people consider it ________，from which a lot
as possible agree not to use them. 她努力使尽可能多的国家不同意使用它们。 8．Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman
to get medical training at that time. 突然我想起在那个年代,一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
6.Only after her mother came to help her for the first
few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始 自己的计划。 7．She also worked hard to make as many countries
11.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. 她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不应用于娱乐 或广告。

1. To complete
(complete) the great map of the world was a strong
passion for the people of early civilisations. 2.Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers
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to reach (reach) out across the sea far into the future.
交际功能
Expressing sequence First(ly),... 首先,…… Second(ly),... 其次,…… Third(ly),... 第三,…… First of all,... 首先,…… Then/After that/Afterwards/Next/Later on... 接下来/后来…… In the end/At last,... 最后,…… At that time... 当时…… It began when... 当……时开始了…… Meanwhile... 与此同时…… Later... 后来…… Finally... 最后……
to search (search)
for sea routes from west to east. 3.These fleets were a sight to behold
(behold) and were in a league
of their own at that time.
4.The aim of this initiative is to encourage (encourage)cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas. 5.Trading has grown greatly in recent years,and will continue to do (do)so in years to come. 6....the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China

1.花某人一大笔钱 2.迷路 3.在某人去…的路上 4.有点儿；稍微 5.没必要做某事 6.提醒某人做某事 7.对…有益 8.建立积极的情感纽带 9.具有；呈现 10.利用…赚钱 11.（事业、经济等）成功，腾飞 12.对…的回应 13.一按按钮就… 14.名牌服装 15.以最低价格
16.rent out 17.a win-win situation 18.make connections 19.cut down on 20.do a favor for 21.as is often the case 22.take advantage of 23.at the expense of 24.be subject to 25.prevent…from… 26.the awareness of 27.be relevant to 28.take sb. to…
17.in the hope of
17.抱着…希望
18.meeall-important (extremely important) input 19.极为重要的投入
20.start out
20.开始从事；着手（某工作）
21.overcome obstacles
unconventional(ly) →_____(反义词)
discriminate
discrimination
14._____ v.歧视；区别对待→______ n.歧视；区别对待
subjective
objective
15._____ a.主观的→____ a.客观的
16.出租 17.一个双赢的局面 18.建立联系 19.减少；削减 20.有利于 21.情况常常如此 22.利用 23.以损害…为代价 24.受…支配/影响；从属于 25.防止…做… 26....的意识 27.与…相关 28.把某人带到…

高中英语人教版必修四重点短语Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】Unit1Book41.achieveone’sdream实现某人的梦想2.inconnectionwith…与…有关，和…联系起来3.haveaconnectionwith…与…有关4.connectAwithB把A和B联系起来5.behavewell/badly表现良好、恶劣6.behaveoneself举止得体，守规矩7.moveoff离开，启程，出发8.Itisworthwhiletodo/doing值得做某事9.beworthdoing值得做某事10.beworthyofbeingdone=beworthytobedone值得被做11..观察某人做某事12..观察某人正在做某事13.showrespectforsb.尊重某人14.arguewith/.与某人争论某事15.arguefor…为…争论16.leada…life过着…的生活17.crowdin涌上心头，涌入脑海18..鼓励某人去做某事19.besupportedby…被…支持20.lookdownon/upon蔑视，瞧不起21.referto参考，谈到22.bychance=byaccident碰巧，凑巧eacross（偶然）遇见，碰见24.intendtodosth.计划去做某事25.beintendedfor=bedesignedfor为…设计26.thedeterminationof……的决心27.determinetodosth.决心去做某事28..某人去做…是非常周到的29.考虑到…30.consider…as/tobe认为是…31.deliverababy生小孩deliveraspeech发表演讲32.deliver…to…把…送到…33.carryon继续34.fightfor…为…而战35..鼓励某人去做某事36.insteadof而不是37.haveaneffecton影响38.can’twaittodosth.等不及去做某事unit21.strugglefor…为…而努力2.strugglealong/on在困难中坚持3.struggletodo挣扎着去做某事4.gohungry挨饿5.thanksto=asaresultof=due/owingto=becauseof=resultin由于，幸亏6.rid…of=get/beridof摆脱，除去7.besatisfiedwith…对…感到满意besatisfiedtodosth.满意地去做某事8.woulddoratherthando=wouldratherdothando=prefertodothando宁愿做某事而不愿做…9..用某物装备某人10.beconfusedabout…困惑于…11.regrettodo/doing后悔去做某事12.Iregrettotellyouthat很遗憾的告诉你…13.buildup逐渐增强，建立，开发=setup14.focuson=fixone’sattentionon=beabsorbedin=beburiedin=concentrateon集中于15.reduceby…减少了reduceto…减少到16.keepfreefrom/of…使…免收befreetodosth.自由地做forfree=freeofcharge免费menton/upon=makeacommenton作出评论18.bebornin…出生于…19.awayto=anapproachto…的方法20.atthattime在那时21.akindof一种22.morethan…多于，超过23.causedamageto…对…造成伤害24.inaddition=besides除了25.everyfouryears每四年26.avoiddoing防止做某事unit31.uptonow=uptillnow=sofar2.feel/becontentwith…对…满足becontenttodosth.满意地去做某事thecontentsof……的目录3.beastonishedat…对…感到十分诧异4.……对于某人来说是幸运的5.badlyoff穷的welloff富的6.beboredwithsb./sth.对…感到厌倦7.failtodosth.失败地去做某事8.overcomesomedifficultiestodosth.克服许多困难去做某事9.pickout挑出，辨别出pickup接电话，接人，拿起，举起10.cutoff切断，断绝cutdown削减，删节cutin打断，插嘴cutout停止运转cutup切碎11.inthedirectionof…朝着…的方向12.starin…在…中担任主角13.haveconfidencein=beconfidentin在..有信心14.beparticularabout…对…挑剔inparticular特别地15.explaintosb.向…解释16.inamess杂乱不堪amessof…许多，大量17.reactto…对…作出反应18.assoonas…一…就…19.theendof……的结尾，末端20.insearchof…搜寻unit41.associateAwithB把A和B连接起来2.defendagainst保卫…以免收indefence3.themajorityof……的大多数4.speakhighlyof…高度赞扬5.belikelyto…很可能…有希望…6.ingeneral=generallyspeaking总的来说，通常7.thefunctionof…….的功能8.atease舒适，快活，自由自在9.takeone’sease休息，轻松一下withease容易地10.loseface丢脸11.turnone’sbackto背对…12.putoff推迟，延期，组织putaside把…放在一边putaway把…收起来putdown放下，扑灭，平息putout放出，熄灭，出版13..把某人介绍给某人14.be/getcloseto…接近，靠近municatewithsb.与某人交流16.aswell也，又，还17.allkindsof=allsortsof…各种各样的18.upanddown上下unit51.avarietyof…=differentkindsof各种各样的2.befamousfor…以…而闻名befamousas…作为…而出名3.beamusedat…开心于…4.attractone’sattention/eyes吸引某人的注意力/眼睛5.nowonder难怪Itisnowonderthat……不足为奇6.doagooddeed做好事7.bemodeledafter根据…模仿，仿造8.settledown定居，安定下来9.settletodo决定去做某事10.translate…into…把…翻译成…11.theminorityof……的少数12.inadvance=aheadoftime提前13.be/getcloseto接近getdownto着手做getthrough经历，浏览etolife活跃起来cometoanend结束15.beadmittedto/into…被…录取16.befamiliarwith…通晓，知晓befamiliartosb.对…熟悉17..=.为某人提供某物.=.18.togetherwith…和…19.notonly,butalso不但，而且。

Unit 1 知识归纳词汇1．behave vt.&vi.举动，举止；行为表现归纳拓展(1)behave well/badly towards sb.对某人态度好/恶劣behave yourself守规矩，表现得体(2)behaviour n. [U]行为，举止，习性wellbehaved adj.表现好的badlybehaved adj.表现差的be on one's good/best behaviour举止规矩；行为检点put sb.on his best behaviour规劝或警告某人要规规矩矩2．worthwhile adj.值得的，值得出力的同类辨析worthwhile，worth与worthy(1)worthwhile可作表语或定语，作表语时可替换为worth one's while，后接doing/to do。

(2)worth只能作表语；其前常用副词well修饰。

(3)worthy可作定语或表语；作定语时意为“可尊敬的，有价值的”。

3．observe vt.观察；观测(后跟名词或代词)；看到；注意到(不用于进行时，后可以跟复合宾语或that从句)；遵守(法律、协议或习俗)；庆祝(节日)归纳拓展(1)observe sth.观察/遵守/庆祝……observe sb.do sth.观察到某人做过某事(被动式不定式前要加to，be observed to do sth.)observe sb.doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事observe＋thatclause 发现……(2)observe the law/traffic rules遵守法律/交通规则observe Christmas/May Day庆祝圣诞节/五一劳动节(3)observer n．观察者observation n．观察，观察力under observation受到监视I felt he was observing everything I did.我觉得他正在观察着我的一举一动。

Unit 2 Working the land知识点总结要点梳理1. If so句式if so如果这样if not如果不是这样if necessary.如果必要的话if any如果有的话或即使有的话if ever如果曾经有过或即使有过的话if possible如果可能的话2.struggle (vi.)& (n.)struggle with/against与……斗争struggle for努力争取……；为……而斗争struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来struggle to do sth.努力做某事3.hunger(n.)饥饿；欲望；渴望&(v.)（使）饥饿；渴望hungry adjbe hungry for…渴望得到……go hungry吃不饱；挨饿hunger to do sth.渴望做某事disturbing adj 令人不安的disturb v disturbed adj4. expand (vt.&vi.)使变大；伸展e xpand… into…把……扩展/发展成……5. rid… of …使……摆脱/除去……cure sb. of sth.医好某人的病be/get rid of…摆脱rid oneself of…从……解脱rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事4.be satisfied with对……满意=be pleased/content with to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是With satisfaction满意地satisfying(adj.)令人满意的satisfaction(n.)满意；满足satisfactory(adj.)令人满意的freedom n 自由free adj 自由的v 释放freely adv6. would rather宁愿；宁可would rather(not) do sth.宁愿（不）做某事would do sth. rather than do sth.=would rather do sth. than do宁愿做某事（而）不愿做某事would rather+从句（句子需用虚拟语气）7. Therefore(adv.)因此；所以；因而用在句首，其后要有逗号Therefore, we must learn English well.用在两个分句之间，即一个句子的一部分表示原因因而另一部分表示结果时，一般其前要用分号；若第二个分句前是逗号或无符号，则要注意前加andE.g. I had a headache; therefore I could not go to your party.I was ill, and therefore could not go therefore.8.equip (vt.&vi.)配备；装备e quip…with…用……装备……be equipped with装备；配备equipment(n.) U设备；装备 a piece of equipment一件设备office equipment办公室设备export v 出口import v 进口nationality n国籍nation n 国家，民族national adj 国家的，民族的Occupation n 职业occupy v 占据9. die from死于……die of/from死于……die away逐渐消失die down逐渐转弱die off相继死去die out灭绝，消失die for为……牺牲10.in need of in( great)need of （非常）需要（后常跟名词）in need 需要in memory of为了纪念……,in praise of为了表扬……in case of如果，即使in favor of赞成in honor of为纪念/庆祝……in face of面对11. confuse(vt.)使迷惑；使为难confused adj confusing adjconfuse A with/and B把A与B混淆be confused about sth.对……感到困惑be/get confused by sth.被……搞糊涂12.regret(vt.)遗憾；惋惜&(n.)遗憾；懊悔regretful(adj.)遗憾的；后悔的regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regret to say/inform that…遗憾地说/告知……regret that从句遗憾……with great/deep regret很遗憾to one’s regret=to the regret of sb.让某人感到遗憾的是13. build up逐渐增加；建立；开发build up a fame建立名声build up one’s health/body增进健康build up one’s strength（增强体力）14.lead to导致；造成（后果）；通向lead sb.to a place引导某人去某个地方lead a …life过……的生活Lead sb to do= lead to sb’s doing 导致某人做。

高中英语选择性必修四单词Unit1fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n.小说；虚构的事science fiction [informal sci-fi] [abbr.SF] 科幻小说(或影片等)test out 检验；测试bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/ n.意外收获；奖金；红利more like 更像是；更接近ridiculous/rɪˈdɪkjələs/ adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的integrity/ɪnˈteɡrəti/ n.诚实正直；完整；完好dignity /ˈdɪɡnəti/ n.庄重；庄严；尊严salary /ˈsæləri/ n.薪水；薪金absurd /əbˈsɜːd/ adj.荒谬的；荒唐的appointment /əˈpɔɪntmənt/ n.预约；约会；委任nail /neɪl/ n.指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定saleswoman /ˈseɪlzwʊmən/ n.女售货员；女推销员guilty /ˈɡɪlti/ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的suspend /səˈspend/ vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓ladder /ˈlædə(r)/ n.梯子；阶梯dismiss /dɪsˈmɪs/ vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除declare /dɪˈkleə(r)/ vt.表明；宣称；公布whereas /ˌweərˈæz/ conj.然而；但是；尽管rumour /ˈruːmə(r)/ n.谣言；传闻presume / prɪˈzjuːm；NAmE -'zu:m/ vt.& vi.假设；假定fare /feə(r)/ n.车费；船费；飞机票价weekly /ˈwiːkli/adj.每周的 n.周刊on a ...basis根据；以……的方式(基准)calculate /ˈkælkjuleɪt/ vt.计算；核算；预测chairwoman /ˈtʃeəwʊmən/ n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长gramme [ NAmEɡram] /ɡræm/n.克(重量单位)flour /ˈflaʊə(r)/ n.面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉venue /ˈvenjuː/n.活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)salesman /ˈseɪlzmən/ n.售货员；推销员alien /ˈeɪliən/ n.外星人(生物)；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对blurred /blɜːd/ adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的superior /suːˈpɪəriə(r); sjuː-/ adj.更好的,占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的superiorto 比……更好；更胜一筹take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手inaction /ɪnˈækʃn/ n.无行动；不采取措施conflict with 与……冲突或抵触labour /ˈleɪbə(r)/ n.劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作leather /ˈleðə(r)/ n.皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套lever / ˈliːvə(r)；NAmE ˈlevər / n.操纵杆；杠杆panel /ˈpænl/ n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组inch /ɪntʃ/n.英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)backwards /ˈbækwədz/ [NAmE backward] adv.向后；倒着；往回grip /ɡrɪp/ vt.&vi.紧握；抓紧hazy /ˈheɪzi/ adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的niece /niːs/ n.侄女；外甥女fetch /fetʃ/ vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来handkerchief /ˈhæŋkətʃɪf / n.手帕；纸巾lamp /læmp/ n.灯；台灯turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是pace /ˈpeɪs/ n.速度；步伐；节奏 vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏fall away (逐渐)减少；消失division /dɪˈvɪʒn/ n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)puff /pʌf/ n.(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息urge /ɜːdʒ/ n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐have anurge to有强烈的欲望做某事random /ˈrændəm/ adj.随机的；不可思议的maximum /ˈmæksɪməm/ adj.最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度explode /ikˈspləʊd/ vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破jolt /dʒəʊlt/ n .震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.& vi.(使)震动;摇晃flip /flɪp/ vt.& vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛stun /stʌn/vt.使震惊，使昏迷mud /mʌd/ n.泥；泥浆overstatement /ˈəʊvəsteɪtmənt/ n.夸大；夸张IsaacAsimov /aizək æzimɔf/ 艾萨克・阿西莫夫LarryBelmont / 'læri belmɔnt/ 拉里・贝尔蒙特Claire /kleəs(r)/ 克莱尔Gladys Claffern /'glædis klæfən/ 格拉迪丝・克拉芬Braille (also braille) /breil/ 布拉耶盲文(凸点符号)The Three- Body Problem《三体》Hugo /hjugəu/ Award 雨果奖Unit2iconic /aɪˈkɒnɪk/ adj.符号的；图标的foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ n.创建；基础；地基political/pəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj.政治的didgeridoo /ˌdɪdʒəriˈduː/n.迪吉里杜管located /ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/adj.位于equator/ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/ n.赤道koala /kəʊˈɑːlə/ n.考拉；树袋熊barbecue /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/ n.(abbr.BBQ)户外烧烤；烤架bakery /ˈbeɪkəri/ n.面包(糕饼)店；面包厂joint /dʒɔɪnt/n.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节adj.联合的；共同的butcher /ˈbʊtʃə(r)/ n.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手premier /ˈpremiə(r);NAmE prɪ'mɪr/ adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的n.总理；首相herb /həːb/ n.药草；香草；草本dim sim /ˌdɪm 'sɪm/ (特指澳大利亚的)点心hollow /ˈhɒləʊ/ adj.中空的；空心的vibrate /vaɪ'breɪt/vt.& vi.(使)振动horn /hɔːn/n.(乐器)号pitch/pɪtʃ/n.音高straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ adj.坦率的；简单的slogan /ˈsləʊɡən/ n.标语；口号minister /ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ n.部长；大臣；外交使节prime minister 首相；总理frog /frɒɡ/ n.蛙；青蛙arrow /ˈærəʊ/ n.箭；箭头entitle /ɪnˈtaɪtl/ vt.给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利getaway /ˈɡetəweɪ/ n.适合度假的地方dive /daɪv/ vi.& n.( dived/dove, dived )潜水；跳水；俯冲kayaking /ˈkaɪækɪŋ/n.划皮艇peak season高峰季节freedom /ˈfriːdəm/ n.自由；不受……影响的状态domain /dəˈmeɪn; dəʊˈmeɪn/ n.领域；领土；范围sponsor /ˈspɒnsə(r); NAmE 'spɑːnsər/ vt.倡议；赞助；主办n.(法案等的)倡议者；赞助者liberty/ˈlɪbəti/ n.自由golf/ɡɒlf/ n.高尔夫球运动strait/streɪt/ n.海峡sample /ˈsɑːmpl/ n.样本；样品monument /ˈmɒnjumənt/ n.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹kiwi /ˈkiːwiː/n.几维(新西兰鸟)geyser /ˈɡiːzə(r)；ˈɡaɪzər/ n.间歇泉sulphuric /sʌl'fjʊərɪk/ pool硫黄池manuka /mə'nu:kə/ honey麦卢卡蜂蜜bungee /ˈbʌndʒi/ jumping蹦极跳a flock/flɒk/ of—群(羊或鸟)geothermal /ˌdʒiːəʊˈθɜːml/ park地热公园distribution /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n.分布；分配；分发pouch /paʊtʃ/ n.育儿袋；小袋子；荷包temporary /ˈtemprəri/ adj.暂时的；短暂的phase /feɪz/ n.阶段；时期trunk/trʌŋk/ n.树干licensed /laɪsnst/adj.得到正式许可的license /ˈlaɪsns/ vt.批准；许可n.( =licence )许可证；执照session /ˈseʃn/ n.—场；一段时间；会议frequency /ˈfriːkwənsi/ n.发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率violent /ˈvaɪələnt/ adj.暴力的；猛烈的violence /ˈvaɪələns/n.暴力；暴行nest /nest/ n.巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点mammal /ˈmæml/n.哺乳动物biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ n.生理；生物学capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n.能力；容量a handfulof少数人(或物)；一把(的量)fence /fens/ n.栅栏；围栏prison /'prɪzn/ n.监狱；监禁grand /ɡrænd/ adj.大；宏大的Aborigine/æbə'ridʒəni/澳大利亚土著Sydney/'sidni/悉尼(澳大利亚城市)Bondi/ bɒndai/ Beach邦迪海滩Chiang Mai/tʃi, æŋ'mai]清迈(泰国城市the Bay of Islands岛屿湾the haka/ha:kə/哈卡舞(传统毛利伴歌战舞)Edmonds/ edməndz/埃德蒙兹Felicity/ fə'lisəti//费莉西著Tasmanian/tæz'meiniən/devil塔斯马尼亚恶魔;袋獾Tasmania/ tæz meiniə/塔斯马尼亚(澳大利亚州名)duck- billed platypus/ plætipəs/鸭嘴兽Unit3tale / teɪl / n.故事；叙述merchant /ˈmɜːtʃənt/n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的set sail起航；开航extend/ɪk'stend/ vt.扩展；使伸长；延长negotiate/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商；协商fleet /fliːt/ n.舰队；机群；车队behold/ bɪˈhəʊld/ vt.( beheld, beheld )看；看见league/li:ɡ/ n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛in a league of one’s own独领风骚royal /ˈrɔɪəl/ adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的spice /spaɪs/n.(调味)香料withdraw/ wɪðˈdrɔ/ vi.＆vt.( withdrew, withdrawn ) (使)撤回；撤离withdraw from 退出；撤回channel/ˈtʃænl /n.航道；海峡；频道maritime/ ˈmærɪtaɪm/ adj.海的；海运的；海事的bond/ bɒnd / n.纽带；关系 vt.＆vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合in hand在手头；可供使用politics/ˈpɒlətɪks / n.政治；政治观点profession/ prəˈfeʃn / n.职业；行业tournament/ˈtʊənəmənt/ n.锦标赛；联赛mixture/ˈmɪkstʃə(r) / n.混合；结合体；混合物laptop/ˈlæptɒp/ n.笔记本电脑；便携式电脑coverage/ˈkʌvərɪdʒ / n.新闻报道；覆盖范围pressconference记者招待会；新闻发布会applaud/ əˈplɔːd / vt.＆vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏tax/ tæks/ vt.对……征税；使纳税n.税；税款manned/ mænd / adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的submersible/ səbˈmɜːsəbl / n.潜水器；可潜船underwater /ˌʌndəˈwɔːtə(r)/adv.在水下adj.水下的coral/ ˈkɒrəl /n.珊瑚migration / maɪˈɡreɪʃn / n.迁移；迁徙；移居directory/ dəˈrektəri /n.名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录meanwhile/ ˈmiːnwaɪl / adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下exploit/ ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ vt.开发；利用；剥削gallon/ ˈɡælən / n.加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)murder/ ˈmɜːdə(r)/ vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n.谋杀；凶杀mercy/ ˈmɜːsi /n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠possession / pəˈzeʃn / n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制opponent/ əˈpəʊnənt / n.反对者；对手；竞争者log/ lɒɡ；NAmE lɔːɡ/ vt.把……载入正式记录；记录n.正式记录；日志；原木marine/ məˈriːn / adj.海的；海产的；海生的arrest/ əˈrest /n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止Marco Polo/ ‘’ma: kəʊ pəʊləʊ/马可·波罗Columbus/kəˈlʌmbəs/哥伦布Ceylon/siˈlɔn /锡兰(斯里兰卡的旧称Churchil/tʃə:tʃil/丘吉尔Ferdinand Magellan[ˈfəːdinənd mә'gelәn]费迪南德·麦哲伦Zac Sunderland /zæk' sʌndələnd/ 扎克·桑德兰Robin Lee Graham/rɔbin li: geiəm/ 罗宾·李·格富厄姆Unit4parcel /'pɑːsl/n.包裹 vt.裹好；打包jam /dʒæm/ n.果酱；堵塞mail/meɪl/ n.邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给secondary/'sekəndri/ adj.中学的；次要的clay /kleɪ/ n.黏土；陶土dust /dʌst/ n.沙土；灰尘 vi.&vt.擦灰dusty /'dʌsti/adj.布满灰尘的weed /wiːd/ n.杂草；野草vt.& vi.除杂草chorus /'kɔːrəs/n.合唱曲；合唱团 vt.合唱；齐声说achorus of齐声；异口同声cotton /'kɒtn/ n.棉布；棉花uniform /'juːnɪfɔːm/ n.校服；制服adj.—致的；统一的not to mention更不用说；且不说tablet /'tæblət/n.平板电脑；便笺本；药片rubber /'rʌbə(r)/n.橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶washroom/'wɒʃruːm/ n.洗手间；厕所rigid /'rɪdʒɪd/ adj.死板的；固执的bubble/'bʌbl/ vi.起泡；沸腾tube /tjuːb/ n.管子；管状物circus/'sɜːkəs/n.马戏团chemist /'kemɪst/n.化学家；药剂师；药房shade /ʃeɪd/ vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把...涂暗n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分jaw /dʒɔː/ n.额；下巴wrinkle /'rɪŋkl/ vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n.皱纹forehead/'fɔːhed; 'fɒrɪd/ n.额；前额hut/hʌt/n.简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)housing /haʊzɪŋ/ n.住房；住宅platform/'plætfɔːm/ n.平台；站台；舞台fireplace/'faɪəpleɪs/n.壁炉saucer /'sɔːsə(r)/n.茶碟；杯托kettle/'ketl/ n.(烧水用的)壶;水壶pan /pæn/ n.平底锅；烤盘jar/dʒɑː(r)/ n.罐子；坛子ripe /raɪp/ adj.成熟的；时机成熟的grill /ɡrɪl/ n.烤架；烤肉餐馆doorway/'dɔːweɪ/ n.门口；出入口；门道leftover/'leftəʊvə(r)/ adj.吃剩的；残留的 n.吃剩的食物；遗留物handshake/'hændʃeɪk/ n.握手drag /dræɡ/ vt.拖；拽vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动privilege /'prɪvəlɪdʒ/ n.优惠待遇；特权plug /plʌɡ/ vt.封堵；补足n.堵塞物；插头；插座disabled /dɪs'eɪbld/adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的resign /rɪ'zaɪn/vi.&vt.辞职；辞去deserve /dɪ'zɜːv/vt.值得；应得；应受lately/'leɪtli/ adv.最近；不久前；近来input /'ɪnpʊt/n.情况；信息；投入；输入vt.输入tune /tjuːn; NAmE tuːn/ n.曲调；曲子vt.调音；调节；调频道contract /'kɒntrækt/ vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)n.合同；契约grant/ɡrɑːnt; NAmE ɡrænt / vt.同意；准许n.拨款take for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视cardiac/'kɑːdɪæk/ adj.心脏病的；心脏的circuit /'sɜːkɪt/n.巡回；环形线路disability/ˌdɪsə'bɪləti / n.缺陷；障碍consultation/ˌkɒnsəl'teɪʃn/ n.咨询；咨询会capsule /'kæpsju:l/n.胶囊；太空舱relay /'riːleɪ;NAmE rɪ'leɪ/ vt.转发；转播n.接力赛；接班的人relay to转达给……；转发给……criterion/kraɪ'tɪəriən/ n.(pl.criteria /-riə /)标准；准则；原则stability/stə'bɪləti / n.稳定(性)；稳固(性)pray /preɪ/ vi.&vt.企盼；祈祷pray that但愿hypothetical/ˌhaɪpə'θetɪkl/ adj.假设的；假定的Papua New Guinea/pæpuə nju: 'gini/巴布亚新几内亚(国家名)Ghana/'ganə/加纳(国家名)Congo/kɔŋgəʊ/刚果(国家名)Panama/ pænəma:/巴拿马(国家名)Unit5bounce/baʊns/ vi.&vt.(使)弾起；上下晃动 n.弹性；弹跳；活力bouncearound蹦来蹦去；弹来弾去aptitude/ˈæptɪtjuːd/n.天资；天赋head start起步前的优势scenario/səˈnɑːriəʊ/n.设想；方案；预测lawyer/ˈlɔːjə(r)/n.律师assemble/əˈsembl/vt.组装；装配vi.& vt.收集；聚集；集合drawer/drɔː(r)/n.抽屉a chestof drawers抽屉柜breast/brest/n.乳房；胸部hydrogen/ˈhaɪdrədʒən/n.氢；氢气radium/ˈreɪdiəm/n.镭wrist/rɪst/n.手腕；腕关节bridegroom/ˈbraɪdɡruːm/ n.新郎geometry/dʒiˈɒmətri/n.几何学；几何图形debt/det/n.债务；欠款categorise/ˈkætəɡəraɪz/ vt.把……分类(加以归类)profile/ˈprəʊfaɪl/n.简介；概述；侧面轮廓vt.扼要介绍；概述；写简介participant/pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/n.参与者；参加者code/kəʊd/n.代码；密码vt.编码；把……译成密码orient/ˈɔːrient/vt.使适应；使面对；确定方向detective/dɪˈtektɪv/n.侦探；警探graphic/ˈɡræfɪk/n.图表；图形；图画adj.绘画的；图案的estate/ɪˈsteɪt/n.庄园；住宅区；工业区(real)estate agent房地产经纪人accountant/əˈkaʊntənt/ n.会计；会计师spy/spaɪ/ n.密探；间谍vi.从事间谍活动vt.突然看见；发现justice/ˈdʒʌstɪs/n.公平；公正；合理accuse/əˈkjuːz/ vt.控告；控诉；谴责cometo a conclusion得出结论greedy/ˈɡriːdi/adj.贪婪的；贪心的entrepreneur/ˌɒntrəprəˈnəː(r)/n.创业者；企业家receptionist/rɪˈsepʃənɪst/n.接待员resume/ˈrezjumeɪ;NamE 'rezəmeɪ/ n.( BrE CV ) (求职用的)履历；简历socialist/ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/adj.社会主义的n.社会主乂者communist/ˈkɒmjənɪst/adj.共产主义的n.共产主义者dedicate/ˈdedɪkeɪt/vt.把……奉献给fox/fɒks/n.狐狸；狡猾的人council/ˈkaʊnsl/ n.委员会；市政服务机构canal/kəˈnæl/n.运河；灌溉渠attendto关怀；照料；处理supervise/ˈsuːpəvaɪz/vt.&vi.主管；指导；监督handwriting/ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/n.书法；书写；笔迹disk/dɪsk/n.磁盘；盘parking/ˈpɑːkɪŋ/ n.停车位；停车camel/ˈkæml/n.骆驼fry/fraɪ/n.油煎的食物vt.&vi.油炸；油炒；油煎purse/pɜːs/ n.钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用)sew/səʊ/ vi.&vt.( sewed, sewn/sewed )缝制；缝；做针线活knit/nɪt/vt.&vi.编织；针织；(使)紧密结合n编织的衣服；针织衫wool/wʊl/n.毛；毛线；毛料intermediate/ˌɪntəˈmiːdiət/adj.中级的；中等的；中间的priority/praɪˈɒrəti/n.优先事项；首要的事；优先proficiency/prəˈfɪʃnsi/n.熟练；娴熟；精通cage/keɪdʒ/n.笼子vt.关在笼子里collar/ˈkɒlə(r)/n.(动物)颈圈；衣领fleacollar灭蚤颈圈finance/ˈfaɪnæns;faɪˈnæns/n.资金；财政；金融vt.提供资金receipt/rɪˈsiːt/n.收据；接收certificate/səˈtɪfɪkət/n.合格证书；证明employer/ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/n.雇主；老板desert/ˈdezət/n.沙漠；荒漠acquire/əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt.获得；购得Marie Curie /mə'ri: ˈkjʊəri/玛丽•居里(居里夫人) The Communist Manifesto/mæniˈfestəu/共产党宣言Olivia/ ə'liviə/奥利维PETS [Public English Test System)全国英语等级考试。