形容词，副词的比较级、最高级
变化规则
.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest fat thin red wet
5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如，
slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful ( tired often )
二、不规则变化
原级比较级最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/ill/badly worse worst
little less least
old older/elder oldest/eldest
far farther/further farthest/furthest
Ⅳ形容词，副词等级的用法
一、原级的用法
1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too
例如，He is___________to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
My brother runs _______________I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2.原级常用的句型结构
(1)“甲+动词+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”
例如，汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。______________________________________________ 汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。______________________________________________ (2)“甲+动词+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例如，这个房间不如那个大。______________________________________________
他走路不像你那样慢。______________________________________________
二、比较级的用法
1.可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一点儿even甚至，still 仍然
例如，Lesson One is ________ easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。
.汤姆看起来甚至比以前更年轻。_____________________________________________ .这辆火车比那辆跑地快得多。______________________________________________ She drives____________more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。
2.比较级常用的句型结构
(1)“甲+动词+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”
例如，汤姆比凯特高。______________________________________________
这个房间比那个大三倍。______________________________________________
我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。______________________________________________ (2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任
何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。
个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。
eg.1）Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是体). ( ×)
正：Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.
=Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class.=Betty is the cleverest in her class.
2)China is bigger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。
3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。
迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到______________________________________ 迈克在他们班到校最早。______________________________________________
注意：Mike gets to school earlier than_____ student in Tom’s class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。
(3)“甲+be+ the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。
例如，Look at the two boys. My brother is ________________看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。
(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
例如，He is getting_____________________. 他变得越来越高了。
The flowers are __________________________________. 花儿越来越漂亮。
He does his homework________________________________.他做作业越来越认真了。
(5)“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。
例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越认真，犯的错误越少。
你学习越努力，你的成绩就会越好。________________________________________ (6)“特殊疑问词+动词+形容词比较级，甲or乙？”
例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？
谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？______________________________________________ 7）.比较级必须是同类事物相比（即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物），注意常用漏的
代词有：that; those; one; ones
eg. 1)The apples in this basket are redder than in that basket.
2)This knife isn’t so new as that.
3)我们的教室比李丽的大。 ______________________________________________
3.最高级常用句型结构
(1)“主语+动词+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。
例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。
这个苹果是五个当中最大的。_____________________________________________
_
我是我们班跳得最远的。______________________________________________ (2)“主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
例如，北京是中国最大城市之一。______________________________________________ (3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。
例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天_______________________________________ （4）.表示“第二、第三……”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, …”（但“第一”习惯上不能用first通常用最高级来表示）
长江是世界第三长河______________________________________________
巩固练习
1. My ____ sister is two years _____ than I.
A. older; older
B. elder; elder
C. older; elder
D. elder; older
2. Can you do your work with _____ money and _____ people?
A. less; few
B. less; fewer
C. little; less
D. few; less
3. I didn’t know which was _____, so I took them both.
A. good
B. better
C. best
D. the best
4. There was _____ house in front of the hill.
A. a wooden old fine
B. an old wooden fine
C. a fine old wooden
D. an old fine wooden
5. The population （人口）eijing is larger than _____ Shengzhen.
A. /
B. the one in
C. that of
D. those of
6. What an _____ story! I’m _____ in it.
A. interested; interesting
B. interesting; interested
C. interested; interested
D. interesting; interesting
7. The jacket is _____ nice, but it’s _____ more expensive than that one.
A. much; much
B. very; very
C. much; very
D. very; much
7. After tunning She is too tired to walk ______.
A. farther
B. further
C. farthest
D. furthest
8.–Do you think the chicken tastes ______?-She cooked it _____, I think.
A. good; good
B. well; well
C. well; good
D. good; well
9. Li Lei is running _____ now.
A. more and more slowly
B. slowier and slowier
C. slowly and slowly
D. more slowly and more slowly
10.Lin Tao speaks English very well, and ______.
A. so does his friend
B. his friend does so
C. so did his friend
D. so he did
11.He worked _____ quietly _____ no one knew he was there.
A. so; as
B. so; that
C. very; that
D. too; to
12.You must be more ______, Jim. Look, you didn’t write _____.
A. carefully; careful
B. careful; carefully
C. careful; careful
D. carefully; carefully
13.The twins are together most of the time. So they never fell ______.
A. lonely
B. alone
C. happily
D. friendly
14.New York is _____ in the United States.
A. larger than any city
B. larger than any other city
C. bigger than any cities
D. biggest of all the cities
15.This street is much ______ than that one.
A. straight
B. straighter
C. straightest
D. more straighter
16.Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose ______ expensive one.
A. less
B. the least
C. the less
D. the most
17.Would you please say it _____? I still can’t follow you.
A. more slow
B. much slow
C. more slowly
D. much slowly
18.This kind of skirt looks ______ and sells ______.
A. nice; well
B. nice; good
C. well; well
D. good; nice
19. –How was the weather yesterday?-It was terrible. It rained _____. People could _____ go out.
A. hardly; hardly
B. hardly; hard
C. hard; hard
D. hard; hardly
20.He hurt her so _____ that she cried.
A. bad
B. badly
C. hardly
D. worse
21.The girl is _____, but her younger sister is even _____.
A. tallest; taller
B. taller; tallest
C. tall; tallest
D. tall; taller
22.This chair is not _____ for him to ______.
A. strong enough; sit
B. enough strong; sit
C. enough strong; sit in
D. strong enough; sit on
23.Tom does everything _____, so his teacher speaks ______ of him.
A. careful; high
B. carefully; highly
C. careful; highly
D. carefully; high
24.You don’t look so _____ as usual. You’d better go and see a doctor at once.
A. well
B. good
C. nice
D. bad
1—10 DBBCCBDADAA 11—24 BBABBCCADBDDBA
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法：当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词的比较级； 当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时，我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律： 1.单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-est tall—taller—tallestfast—faster—fastest 2.以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-st large—larger—largestnice—nicer—nicest 3.以-y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-est busy—busier—busiestearly—earlier—earliest 4.形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot—hotter—hottestbig—bigger—biggest 5.多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或most delicious—more delicious—most delicious beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 6.不规则变化 good (well)—better—bestbad (badly)—worse—worst 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的句子公式： 比较级 形容词物体A + am / are / is +形比+ than +物体B.
I am taller than you. Pasta is more delicious than pizza. 副词物体A +行为动词+副比+ than +物体B. Cheetahs run faster than goats. He studies better than me. 最高级 1）物体A + am / are / is + the +形最高级+比较范围（of +人/物，in + 地方）. I am the tallest in the class. Pasta is the most delicious food of the three. 2）物体A +行为动词+副词最高级+比较范围（of +人/物，in +地方）. Cheetahs run fastest in the world. He studies best of us. 一.词形变换。 比较级最高级 large____________________________________ fast____________________________________ easy____________________________________ 比较级最高级 wet____________________________________ good____________________________________
语法专题：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化规则， 形容词：是用来描述和修饰名词或代词的一类词。用以说明人或事物的性质的特征。 副词：是用来修饰动词/形容词/副词/或整个句子的一个词。它可以表达时间，地点，方式，程度，频率，疑问等概念。 形容词和副词的比较等级分为：原级，比较级，和最高级 类别构成方 法 原级比较级最高级类别 构成 方法 原级比较级最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词一般直 接加 er,est long longer longest 多音 节和 部分 双音 节 词， 在原 词前 加 more , most 在原 级前 加 more most beautiful more beautiful most beautiful old older oldest careful more careful most careful short shorter shortest difficult more difficult most difficult 以不发 音的e 结尾时 加 -r,-st . nice nicer nicest expensive more expensive most expensive late later latest quickly more quickly most quickly large larger largest slowly more slowly most slowly 辅音字 母加y 结尾时 把y变 成i，再 加 -er,-e st easy easier easiest carefully more carefully most carefully happy happier happiest 不规则类， 只能死记硬 背。 good /well better best early earlier earliest bad/ill/ badly worse worst 重读音 节结尾 并且只 有一个 辅音字 母时双 写最后 的辅音 字母再 加加 -er ,- est big bigger biggest many/ much more most hot hotter hottest little less least fat fatter fattest far farther/ further farthest/ furthest
英语语法---比较级和最高级的用法 在英语中通常用下列方式表示的词:在形容词或副词前加more(如 more natural,more clearly )或加后缀 -er(newer,sooner )。典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加。英语句子中，将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”。其中，像“A比B更……”的表达方式称为比较级；而“A最……”的表达方式则称为最高级。组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级或最高级的形态。 一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 1．一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est； （1）单音节词 如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest （2）双音节词 如：clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest 2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st； 如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest 3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est； 如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest 4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est； 如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest 5．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most； 如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily
形容词比较级和最高级的重点难点 一. 构成规则(常考点) 1. 以辅音字母加y 结尾双音节词变y 为i 加–er 或–est early earlier earliest easy easier easier busy busier busier funny funnier funniest lazy lazier laziest friendly friendlier friendliest happy happier happiest heavy heavier heaviest 2.重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母双写加–er 或–est big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest fat fatter fattest hot hotter hottest wet wetter wettest red redder reddest 3. 部分双音节和多音节词在原级前加more 或most interesting more interesting most interesting important more important most important beautiful more beautiful most beautiful quickly more quickly most quickly loudly more loudly most loudly 4. 不规则: good / well – better – best much / many – more - most bad / badly / ill – worse – worst little – less – least far – farther/ further– farthest – furthest old – older/ elder – oldest / eldest 二. 比较级句型 1. 表示两者之间一样,通常用as---as , 一方不及另一方,可以用not as (so) --- as. The weather in Harbin is as cold as that in Changchun. 2.表示两者之间的比较，通常用连词than 引导， 表示“更······一些”． He runs faster than she. 3.much/far/a lot, even ,still ,a little/a bit …修饰比较级,表示程度. He runs much faster than she.
形容词比较级和最高级句型结构 “A比B更…” 1. A +be + adj比较级+ than + B / B+be / B宾格 A + do + adv比较级+ than + B / B+do /B宾格“A比其他…更…” 2. A + be + adj比较级+ than + any other + 名单= A + be + adj比较级+ than + the other + 名复 A + do + adv比较级+ than + any other + 名单= A + do + adv比较级+ than + the other + 名复any other+sb =anyone else any other+sth =anything else “ A在…中最…” 3. A + be + the + adj最高级+名单+ in/ of ….. A + do + the + adv最高级+名单+ in/ of ….. “A和B一样…” 4. A + be + as adj as + B A + do + as adv as + B “A不如B…” 5. A + be not + as/so adj as + B = A + be + less + adj + than + B A + not do + as/so adv as + B = A + do + less + adv + that + B “A在两者中最…” 6. A + be +the +adj比较级+ of the two/of the pair (也可放句首) A + do +the +adv比较级+ of the two/ of the pair “越….. ，越….. ” 7. The + 比较级（+ 主+谓），the + 比较级(+ 主+谓). “A越来越….” 8. A + be + adj比较级+ and + adj比较级. A + do + adv比较级+ and + adv比较级. 如果是在前加more的adj/adv, 则: A + be + more and more + adj比较级. A + do + more and more + adv比较级. 比较级前可加程度状语，如：much, even, far, still, a little, a bit, a lot, 3 years old, five times (5倍)等。 比较对象要一致，为避免重复，当前面的比较级对象是不可数名词时后面的相同名词用that 代替。当前面的比较对象为复数名词时，后面的相同的名词用 those 代替。当前面的比较对象是可数名词单数时用one 代替。 The weather in Harbin is colder than that in Nanjing in winter. This apple is bigger than that one
冠词测试题 1. Tomorrow is ______ Teachers' Day and we'll make ______ card for our English teacher. 2. The bus is running about seventy miles_____ hour. 3. Mary is interested in ______ science. 4. Some people don't like to talk at ______ table. 5. Last night I went to______ bed very late. 6. Don't worry. We still have ______ little time left. 7. What ______ beautiful day! And what ______ fine weather! 8. In ______ winter it is cold in ______ Beijing and warm in ________Shanghai. 9. John is______ cleverest boy in his class. 10. We can't live without ______ water or ______ air. 11. Tomorrow Mr. Smith will leave Paris, ______capital of______ France forWashingtonby______ air. 12. We were having______ lunch when they came in. 13. This is ______ book you gave me last week. 14. What did you do ______ last Saturday? 15. March 8 is ______ Women's Day. 16. If ______ weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park. 17. I prefer playing ______ piano to playing ______ basketball. 18. At ______ age of five, he read a lot of books. 19. Tom and Lucy are of ______ same age. 20. ______ harder we study, ______ more we learn. 冠词答案：1. ×; a 2.an 3. × 4. × 5. × 6. a 7.a; × 8. ×; ×; × 9.the 10.×; × 11. the; ×; × 12. × 13.the 14.× 15. × 16.the 17.the; × 18.the 19.the 20. The; the 冠词练习题 1 ___ people attended the meeting last night. A A hundred B Hundred C Hundreds of 2 He has already worked for ___ hour. A the B an C a 3 He wrote a ___ report. A two-thousand-words B two-thousand-word C two-thousands-word D two-thousands-words 4 John is ___ university student. A some B any C a D an 5 That table is made of ___. A a wood B some wood C the wood D wood 6 He is a student of ___. A Class First B the Class One C Class One D First Class 7 I have been waiting for him for ___ hour and a half.
形容词比较级、最高级的构成 一、规则变化 1. 单音节词和少数双音节词 （1）一般情况在原级词尾加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级。如：high→higher→highest。（2）以e结尾的词，直接加-r 或-st。如：large→larger→largest。 （3）重读闭音节，末尾只有一个元音字母加一个辅音字母的词，先双写这一辅音字母再加-er或-est。如：big→bigger→biggest。 （4）以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的词，先变“y”为“i”，再加-er 或-est。如：happy→happier →happiest。 2. 大部分双音节词和所有多音节词 在原级前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级。如：dangerous→more dangerous→the most dangerous。 二、不规则变化 有一些词的比较级、最高级变化是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。如： good / well→better→best bad / ill→worse→worst many / much→more→most little→less→least far→farther→farthest(表示距离) / far→further→furthest (表示程度) old→older / elder→oldest (表示新旧或年龄) / eldest (表示兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系) 三、一些词的比较级和最高级，可以加-er或-est，也可以加more或most，如：clever, polite 等。 四、一些词本身没有比较级和最高级形式，如：right, wrong, full, empty, round, complete, wooden, dead, daily等。 形容词比较级的用法 1. 两者比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“... 比较级+ than ...”。如：Actions speak louder than words. 2. 在两者之间选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which / Who is +比较级, ... or ...?”。如：Which sweater is cheaper, the red one or the yellow one? 3. 表示“两者之间最……的一个”时，用“the + 比较级”。如：Lucy is the taller of the twins. 4. 表示“越……，越……”时，用“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”。如：The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 5. 表示“越来越……”时，用“比较级+ and + 比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词用“more and more + 形容词原级”。如：We should make our country more and more beautiful. 6. 形容词比较级前可以用下列词修饰：much, a little, far, a bit, a few, a lot, even, still, rather等。如：It's much colder today than yesterday. 形容词最高级的用法 1. 三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用形容词最高级形式。形容词最高级前通常需加定冠词the，句末常接in / of短语来表示范围。如：He is the strongest of all the boys. 2. 表示“最……之一”时，用“one of + the + 最高级”。如：The light bulb is one of the most helpful inventions. 3. 形容词最高级前可以由物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不用定冠词the。如：Yesterday is her happiest day in her life.
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1.直接在词尾加er和est如:tall ,small ,clean ,short quick cheap long… 2.以e结尾的单词在词尾加r和st如: fine ,nice, free ,blue , safe, large wide… 3.辅音字母加y的单词改y为i加er和est 如: happy ,easy, pretty, heavy, funny , healthy early… 4.重读闭音节单词双写最后一个字母加er和est 如:big ,red ,thin ,slim ,wet ,hot, fat ,sad，glad… 5.多音节单词和★部分双音节、少数单音节单词在词前加more和most. dangerous ,interesting ,expensive , important,popular, friendly ,polite,tired… 6.特殊形式: 1).good--better –best 2).well—better—best 3).bad/badly—worse—worst 4).ill—worse—worst 5)many—more—most 6).much—more—most 7).little—less—least 8).old—older—oldest 9).old—elder—eldest 10).far—farther—farthest（具体） 11).far—further—furthest(抽象意义) ★注意：much, still ,a little, even，far, a bit, a great deal…后常用形容词或副词的比较级 只有一个音节：单音节词；两个音节：双音节词；三个及以上：多音节词
形容词的比较级和最高级 一．形容词的比较级和最高级的用法 在英语中，在表示两者作比较时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较 级”，三者及三者以上作比较时用“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”。 e.g. You look taller than me .你比我高。 You are heavier than me.你比我重。 I am the strongest in my class. 我是我们班最强壮的。 二.形容词比较级和最高级句型结构 1.比较级句型：主语A+ be 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B A……比B…… e.g. He is older than me.他比我年长。 【拓展】比较级的其他表达方式 ①"the+形容词比较级+of the two+……"表示"...是两者中较…的"。 e.g. He is the heavier of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ②"比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越……"。 e.g. He is getting taller and taller.他越来越高。 ③"the+比较级，the+比较级"表示"越……越……"。 e.g. The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you'll make 你越细心，就会越少犯错误。 he more we get together, the happier we will be. 我们聚得越多，我们就越开心 The harder you work , the better you'll be.你越努力工作，你就会变得越好。辅助练习： 1. Jim is _______ than all the others. (tall) 2. Things are getting _______ and _______. (bad) 3. The higher you climb, the _______ it will be. (cold) 2.最高级句型：主语 + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 介词短语 （介词短语：in my class ,in the room ,in the hall …） e.g. He is the tallest in our class. 【拓展】最高级的其他形式 ①"主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语"表示"……是……中
形容词比较级和最高级的用法 形容词原级的用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时，用形容词原级。 Eg.The flowers in the garden are beautiful. 2.有表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。 3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。 肯定句中的结构：A +as+形容词原级+as+B 否定句中的结构：A+as/so+形容词原级+as+B 表示“A是B的……倍”时，用“A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构（一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字+times） half as +形容词原级+as表示“……是……的一半” 形容词比较级的用： 1．比较级：常用于“比较级+than”结构。如：Cats aremore lovely than other animals 2．形容词的比较级可用much，a little，a lot，even。a bit，still，far，rather，any等修饰，使原来的比较级在语意上更加明确。如：Chickens are much smaller than cows. 3．表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“which/who is +形容词比较级，A or B？”表示。 4．表示“几倍于……”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。如:I’m three years younger than you 比较结构中还须注意以下问题： 1．比较级与最高级的结构还可以转换，意思不变。如：The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China=The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 2．当某一事物与其他事物做比较时，被比较事物中不能包括本身。如：He is taller than any other student in his class. 3．如果比较对象相同，可用that/those代替第二个比较对象。如：The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan. 4．两个比较级用and 连在一起可表达全面增加或减少，意为“越来越……”。
形容词比较级和最高级变化规则 一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。 二、比较级的构成： （1）规则变化： ①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter ②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r Eg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger ③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er” Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er Eg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter ⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more Eg: popular---more popular important---more important （2）不规则变化： 少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good---better bad/ill---worse many/much---more little---less far---farther/further old---older/elder 三、比较级的用法:
(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级 1．表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。 公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B Eg I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。 2．表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。 公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B Eg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。 He d oesn’t run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。 2．表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。 公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B… A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B… Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。 He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。 (二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法 1．比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是“更…”，“…得…”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。 Eg He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。 I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。
形容词比较级、最高级变化表 一、形容词比较级、最高级变化规则 1.在形容词词尾加上“er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级： bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest broad（广阔的）—broader—broadest cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest 2.双写最后一个字母，再加上“er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级： big（大的）—bigger—biggest fat（胖的）—fatter—fattest hot（热的）—hotter—hottest red（红的）—redder—reddest 3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上“r” “st” 构成比较级、最高级： able（能干的）—abler—ablest brave（勇敢的）—braver—bravest close（接近的）—closer—closest fine（好的，完美的）—finer—finest 4.以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上“er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：busy（忙碌的）—busier—busiest dirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiest dry（干燥的）—drier—driest early（早的）—earlier—earliest 5.双音节、多音节形容词，在单词前面加上“more” “most” 构成比较级、最高级：afraid（害怕的）—more afraid—most afraid beautiful（美丽的）—more beautiful—most beautiful 6.不规则变化的形容词： bad（坏的）—worse—worst far（远的）—farther—farthest (far—further—furthest) good（好的）—better—best ill（病的）—worse—worst
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法： 当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词的比较级； 当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时，我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。 一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律： 你知道什么是开音节和闭音节吗？ 1．开音节 1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。例：be，he。 2）以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。例：make，like 2．闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节。例：map，desk 1. 单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-est tall—taller—tallest fast—faster—fastest 2. 以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-st large—larger—largest nice—nicer—nicest 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-est busy—busier—busiest early—earlier—earliest 4. 形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot—hotter—hottest big—bigger—biggest 5. 多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或most，注意：形容词后不需要再加-er或-est 例如：more beautifuler ⅹ more beautifulest ⅹ delicious—more delicious—most delicious beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 6. 不规则变化 good (well)—better—best bad (badly)—worse—worst many(much)---more---most little---less---least old---older---oldest old---elder---eldest far---farther---farthest far---further---furthest 你知道最后两组形容词为什么会有两组比较级和最高级吗？ 答案： 二（一）形容词、副词原级比较的句型： 1.肯定式：as…as 2.否定式：not as (或者so)…as 例如：My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s. （二）比较级的句型： 1.比较级+ than 你能举个简单的例子吗？ 2.比较级,…or….(选择疑问句中) Which is_____country, Canada or Australia?（用large的适当形式填空） 3.比较级+and+比较级 It’s getting warmer and warmer. 4.the+比较级，the+比较级 The harder you work, the more you will learn. （三）最高级的句型： 1. 形容词最高级前一般要加the，用of/among/in 引出比较范围。 例如：He is the thinnest boy in my class. I am the best of (among ) the three. 2.副词最高级前不需要加the 。
形容词，副词的比较级、最高级 变化规则 .一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest 4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest fat thin red wet 5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如， slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful ( tired often ) 二、不规则变化 原级比较级最高级 good/well better best many/much more most bad/ill/badly worse worst little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest far farther/further farthest/furthest Ⅳ形容词，副词等级的用法 一、原级的用法 1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too 例如，He is___________to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 My brother runs _______________I can?t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。 2.原级常用的句型结构 (1)―甲+动词+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙‖表示―甲和乙程度相同‖或―甲是乙的几倍‖ 例如，汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。______________________________________________ 汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。______________________________________________ (2)―甲+动词+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙‖甲不如乙… 例如，这个房间不如那个大。______________________________________________ 他走路不像你那样慢。______________________________________________ 二、比较级的用法 1.可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一点儿even甚至，still 仍然 例如，Lesson One is ________ easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。 .汤姆看起来甚至比以前更年轻。_____________________________________________ .这辆火车比那辆跑地快得多。______________________________________________ She drives____________more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。 2.比较级常用的句型结构 (1)―甲+动词+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙‖表示―甲比乙…‖或―甲比乙…几倍‖ 例如，汤姆比凯特高。______________________________________________ 这个房间比那个大三倍。______________________________________________
形容词的比较级专项 一、变化规则； 1、规则变化：（1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est：bright _____ ______; 以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,或st：large; 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est:easy；以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est: big 以er，ow结尾的双音节词加er 或est:clever slow （2）多音节词前加more或most, 副词最高级前省略the. (3) 部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式：favourite, round 2、不规则变化：good, well; bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old; 注：只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：clever old far 二、形容词各等级的用法： 1、原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as… We’ll give you as much help as we can. She isn’t as(so)acti ve in sports as before. 2. 比较级：表示两者之间比……更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰：He made fewer mistakes than I did. He is even richer than I am. 3、高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……，in……短语表示范围：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened to别 . He is the tallest of the three. 4、如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. 三、重点与难点： 1、as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 Y ou’re a boy as good as Tom.=Y ou’re as good a boy as Tom. 2、(1)too…to与so…that sb can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink. The milk was so hot that we can’t dri nk it. (2) too…to…与not…enough to句型的转换： He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read. = The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容词原级表示比较级含义： 约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike. =John is less stupid than Mike. =John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. =John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、the more…, the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.