浅析定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：
1.do you know the girl who helped you just now?
2.you must do everything that he does.
定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词，上面两句中的girl和everything就是先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who ( 宾格whom, 所有格whose )和关系副词when, where, why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用。同时，又作定语从句的一个成份。
一、定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句使所修饰的词代表一个（些）或一类特定的人或物。
1.those who want to go please sign their names here.
2.there is one point where i’d like your advice.
3.a man who doesn’t try to learn from others can’t hope toachieve much.
4.there is nothing we can do now.
这类从句是不能省略的。省略了剩下的部分就会失去意义不能成立，或意思不清楚，不能说明问题。（如上面的句子省略了定语从句，剩下there is one point. a man can’t hope to achieve much. 等，会使人莫名其妙，甚至显得非常荒谬。）在译成汉语时，这类从句一般也译成从句。（见上例），非限制性定语从句则不然，
定语从句选择题练习 一、定语从句 1．The movie ____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth. A．who B．which C．where D．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我看过两次的电影是《流浪地球》。A. who谁，指人的引导词；B. which哪一个，指物的引导词；C. where哪里，指地点；D. when什么时间，指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie，因此引导词用which。故选B。 2．The teenagers like the musician ____ different kinds of music. A．who play B．which plays C．who plays D．that play 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 试题分析：句意：青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。The musician是先行词，后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词musician指人，用who、that引出定语从句，Ｂ错；关系词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数，谓语用单数：plays。故选C。 3． The dog _______ played with you just now is _______. A．which; mine B．which; my C．what; mine D．what; my 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。 Which哪一个；what什么；mine名词性物主代词，我的；my形容词性物主代词，我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。 4．We have decided to sell five things ________ we no longer use. A．that B．where C．who
初中英语定语从句翻译练习 1.我们去年在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了. 2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。 3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 4.你喜欢的女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。 5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。 6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。11.有什么事我能帮你吗12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。13.那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。 14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页. 15.正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。16.正像我们刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易。17.正像我妈昨天告诉我的那样，我的女朋友根本不爱我。18.正像你知道的那样钱是非常重要的。20.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗21. 她就是那个到明年年底，会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。22. 你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗 1.那本绿皮的书是关于太空的. 2.这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 3.北京是我的出生地 4.你还记得我第一次见到你的那一天吗? 5.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了 6.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方 7.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察 8.这是她买的第三个手机 9.有没有我能帮忙的事? 10.我喜欢能使我放松的音乐 11.他们租了一间窗户坏掉的房子 1.The book which has a green cover is about space. 2. 2.Is this the reason that he refused our help? 3. 3.Beijing is where i was born. 4. 4.Do you still remember the day that i first met you? 5. 5.His father died the year he was born. 6. 6.It is not so easy for him to find the place where he lived 40 years ago. 7.7.The thief gave all that he stoled to the police at last. 8.8.This is the third cellphone that she buyed. 9.9.Is there anything that i can help? 10.10.I like music which can make me feel easy. 11.11.They rent a room whose windows are broken 1. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
定语从句----关系副词的用法 I Revision （复习关系代词的用法） 1.定语从句的定义：复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 2. 能引导定语从句的关系代词有： ___________, __________,__________,__________,___________. 它们在引导定语从句时，在从句中充当的成分是否一样呢？不一样！ Ex.1 1. This is the best hotel in the city _______ I know. 2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady _________comes from Beijing. 3. Is there anything else _______ you want? 4.Workers built shelters for survivors _______homes had been destroyed. 5. The girl_______you visited yesterday is a student of Yinghua School. 6. He showed a machine ______ was used to increase production. 7. The time _____I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 除了以上关系代词可以引导定语从句，还有其他词可以引导定语从句吗？有
II 关系副词 1. when Iwill visitmy friends at this weekend. 主 谓 宾 when 时间状语 2. where Iwill visitmy friends at the bus station. 主 谓 宾 where 3. why Iwill visitmy friends because I miss them. 主 谓 宾 why 分析： 先行词 主 谓 宾 小结：当先行词为表示时间的名词，定语从句中不缺主语，宾语和定语时，可以考虑从句缺时间状 语，用关系副词 when 作引导词。Where 和why 也是如此。
语法拓展训练单项填空 1. ______ is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games. A. That B. Which C. As D. It 2. Living in the Central American desert has its problems, ______ obtaining water is not the least. A. of which B. for what C. as D. whose 3. I don’t know the reason ______ you were absent from the meeting, but I am sure that someone will tell me the reason ______ you haven’t told me. A. why; that B. that; why C. because; which D. of which; that 4. When she came back from abroad, Lucy told us about the cities and the people ______ she had visited. A. that B. who C. where D. which 5. Because of the traffic jam ______ I was caught, I was late for the meeting. A. by which B. in which C. that D. where 6. There are three things ______ make Sydney famous, its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House. A. what B. that C. when D. where 7. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of ______ mouth tea is supposed to come. A. which B. that C. its D. whose 8. The soldiers had to sleep in their wet clothes, ______ most uncomfortable.
初三英语精选作文定语从句 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。下面小编为大家带来，仅供参考，希望能够帮到大家。 初三英语精选作文定语从句篇一：Ｔhe Ｇrand Ｍasters is a Ｋung Ｆu movie,directed by the famous director Ｋarwai Ｗong,representing the legend life of Ｋung Ｆu master,Ｙe Ｗen.Ｔhe movie stars from mainland and Ｈong Ｋong co-star in this film,attracting many movie fans’ attraction.Ｔony Ｌeung Ｃhiu Ｗai and Ｚhang Ｚiyi are the leading roles.Ｔhe movie focuses on the legend stories of mutual martial arts during the Ｒepublic of Ｃhina.Ｉn order to truly show the moves and spirits of the four Ｋung Ｆu branches,Ｗing Ｃhun,the Ｅight Ｄiagrams,Ｂachi and Ｙing Ｙie,the director Ｋarwai Ｗong collected a large amount of precious materials in the period of Ｒepublic of Ｃhina,visited more than one hundred descendants across the country in three years.Ｂesides,the leading roles went to learn Ｋung Ｆu for many years.Ａs a result,we can enjoy a beautifully produced and fantastic Ｋung Ｆu movie.Ｉ watched it in the cinema,feeling it’s so great that Ｉ couldn’t describe it in language.Ｉ desperately love
1.李昂就是那个决心清除社会上所有坏蛋的职业杀手。 Leon was a professional killer who was determined to get rid of all the bad guys in the society. 2.玛蒂尔德就是那个父母都已离世的可怜的小女孩。 Mathilda was a poor little girl whose parents both died. 3.足球是一项培养孩子跟别人合作的团队活动。 Football is a team work that trains children to work with others. 4.你想见的那个人住进了这家宾馆。 The man whom you want to see checked in this hotel. 5.这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。 This is the factory (which/that ) we visited yesterday. 6.我昨天收到的那封信是我的一个朋友寄来的。 The letter (which/that) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine. 7.他常常回忆起童年在乡下跟爷爷去河边钓鱼的日子。 He often recalls the days of his childhood when he and his grandfather went fishing by the river. 8.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 This is the house where Lu Xun once lived. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in. 9.我们不知道他没有来的原因。 We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. We don’t know the reason that he didn’t show up. (×) 10.中国政府正在大力发展农业，农业的重要性现在已是人人皆知。 Chinese government is trying to develop agriculture with great efforts, the importance of which is now known to everybody. 11.会议延期了，而这正是我们所希望的。 The meeting was put off, which/as was exactly what we wanted. 12.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. This is the best film (which) I have ever seen. (×)
定语从句介词+whom/which引导的定语从句 一、课前参与设计 观察下列课文内的句子，分析划线部分引导词的作用，并将句子拆成两个单句 1.They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practicing their music at someone's house is the first step to fame. 2.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. 3.They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band 二、课中参与设计 （一）设置情景、问题导学 定语从句中什么时候用介词+which/whom？和关系副词有什么不同？ 在定语从句中，当关系代词作动词短语或介词的时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将定语从句中的介词或动词短语中的介词提前放在关系代词前面。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, （二）精讲点拨、交流展示 当我们在用带有介词的定语从句时，我们有两种选择，介词放在关系代词前或者是放在定语从句中。如： 1）The woman who/whom Spielberg is married to is an actress. The woman to whom Spielberg is married is an actress. 2）The painting at which I looked was painted by Vincent Van Gogh. The painting which I looked at was painted by Vincent Van Gogh. 学法指导：如何选择介词呢？ 1).介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性的搭配. e.g. The farm _______I once worked has taken on a new look. 2).介词与从句中的动词是一种习惯性的搭配． e.g. Who is the man ________our teacher is shaking hands? 3).介词与从句中的形容词一起构成一种习惯性的搭配． e.g. Ours is a beautiful country, _______we are greatly proud. 4).表示“所有格”或“整体中的部分” 时，用介词of．
一、请分析一下定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词) 1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3. You couldn’t understand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didn’t like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently? 8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10.What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12.If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13.Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14.If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15.All I ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you. 2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua. 3.The man __________ you went to see has come. 4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money. 5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher. 6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there. 7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr. Ball. 8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened. 9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday. 10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful. 11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten. 12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time. 13.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday. 14.A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word. 15.The book____________is on the table is mine. 16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting. 17.I will never forget the people and the places _____I have ever visited. 18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer. 20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English. 三、单项选择 ( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose ( ) 2. What’s the name of the program________. A. which are listening B. you are listening to C. to that you are listening D. that you are listening ( ) 3. The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday. A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything ( ) 4. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.
定语从句的翻译方法 根据汉语的表达习惯及对原文的忠实度，翻译这类定语从句可以采用以下几种方法1.1前置合译法( 前滚翻)：若定语从句较短，较简单，与名词（先行词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句( 较短且有描述性的非限定)，一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“。。。的” 1）The action it takes at any moment can’t be predicted,and people find that disturbing. 它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见，这使人们觉得有些乱。 2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre, the spy who was to stay out in the cold. 借用的话来说（插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首），我成了一个被打入冷宫的间谍。 3）There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life. 全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。 4）The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。 5)We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome. 给我们留下极深印象的是：（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。 6)One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork that is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease called trichinosis. 对禁食猪肉的一种解释是：如果未被煮透的话，猪肉可能会传播一种叫旋毛虫病的疾病。 7)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. 但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。（98考研）
定语从句导学案 定语从句 一、定义及相关术语 She is an English teacher (who likes singing songs . )先行词关系词/引导词 1.指代先行词teacher； 2.在从句中充当成分主语。 1.定语从句：一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或者代词之后，以补充说明该名词并使其具体化。相当于形容词，翻译成“的”。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系代词：which、that、who、whom、 whose 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语关系副词：when、where、why 二、关系代词关系代词 that which who whom whose 指代人/物物人人人/物在从句中作什么成分主/宾/表主/宾/表主/宾/表宾定语【练一练】用正确的关系代词填空。 1. The eggs _____________ were in the basket were not fresh. 2. The friend ____________ came to supper last
night wasn’t hungry. 3. The noodles ___________ you cooked were delicious. 4. I have a room __________ window faces south. 5. The girl _______________ I met is Lucy. 【注意】 that 与which 的区别 先行词指物时，引导词只用that不用which的四种情况： 1. 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every ,all 等修饰时。 2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 3. 先行词中既有人又有物时。 4. 先行词被the very, the only 修饰时。 先行词指物时，引导词只用 which 不用that 的两种情况： 1. 介词后。 2. 非限制性定语从句中。【练一练】 1. They had nothing ________ could cure of his disease. 2. This is the most impressive film _______ has ever been put on. 3. We have to consider the first thing ______ starts our work. 4. 5. 6. 7. That is the only way ______ leads to
定语从句在写作中的运用 1.contradiction n. Saying sth that conflicts with sth said or written by sb;disagreement反驳；矛盾 2.obstacle n. Thing which stands in the way and prevents progress 障碍； 阻碍 3.approval n. Showing or saying that one thinks sth is good or acceptable or satisfactory 赞成；承认 4.revelation n. Making known sth that was secret or hidden;revealing 启示；揭 示 5.critic n. Person who evaluates and describes the quality of sth,esp works of art,literature,music,etc 批评家；评论家 6.sponsor n. Person who agrees to be responsible for sth; person who puts forward a preposal;sports eent, etc,usually in return for advertising 担保人；发起人； 赞助者 7. merchant n. Person who buys and sells goods in large quantities 商人 8.Burglar n. Person who breaks into houses,shops,etc in order to steal 窃贼 9.Sequence n. Order in which things or events follow one another 顺序；序列 10.Squirrel n. Small tree-climbing animal with long furry tail that eats nuts and also stores them for the winter 松鼠 一、写作中常用的几种定语从句 1．关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。 Actually, we can't succeed in everything that we try. (2014·福建高考满分作文) A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor.(2013·福建高考满分作文) 没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。 I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years (2011·福建高考满分作文) . Everyone of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills. (2014·辽宁高考满分作文)
定语从句的用法并翻译例句 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代 词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 用于指人或指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who 代替whom，也可省略。 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 【注意】 （1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。 This is the house in which we lived last year. 译：_____________________________________________________________
Period 1 Grammar (relative pronouns of attributive clause sⅠ) 【学习目标】 1.To know some basic definitions, such as attributive clauses (定语从句), antecedent (先行词), relative pronouns（关系词）. 2.To learn how to choose a relative pronoun — that,which,who,whom,whose,as. 【学习重点与难点】 Important point: To grasp the way of selecting a relative pronoun. Difficult point: To identify the sentence parts (subject or object) that relative pronouns function as in attributive clauses. 【使用说明与学法指导】 1、带着预习案中问题导学中的问题自主设计预习提纲，对概念进行梳理，作好必要的标注和 笔记。 2、认真完成基础知识梳理，在“我的疑惑”处填上自己不懂的知识点，在“我的收获”处填写自 己对本课自主学习的知识及方法收获。 3、熟记relative pronouns of attributive clauses基础知识梳理中的重点知识。 预习案 一、问题导学 观察句子。 1.The boys are from Class One. They are playing basketball. → The boys who are playing basketball are from Class One. 2.The student is Wang Kun. The teacher has praised him. → The student whom the teacher has praised is Wang Kun. 3.The factory is over there. It produces cars. → The factory which produces cars is over there. 4.Football is a game. Most boys like football. → Fo otball is a game which most boys like. 二、知识梳理 1. 定语从句：一个句子作_______，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词。 2. 主句中被修饰的名词或代词叫_________。引导定语从句的词叫做_______。 3.关系词的三个作用：指代_________；位于定语从句句首，引导整个____________； 关系词在定语从句中________(作/不作)成分。 三、预习自测 请找出下列句子中的先行词和关系词。 1.The boy who is wearing a black jacket is my friend. 2.That’s the girl whom I teach. 3.The cake that my mother made is for my birthday. 4.He lent me the book which you talked about yesterday. 5.They all enjoyed the story that I told. 6.The man who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 7.There is an old man who wants to see you. 8.The problem that we are facing now is how to collect so much money. 9.These are the trees which I planted last year.
高中定语从句练习题 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D . where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels