英语语法中的特殊用法讲义
李宪博
（兰州大学信息科学与工程学院，甘肃·兰州 730000）
第1讲 时态和语态
一、一般现在时
1. 表示“预定”或是“安排好”要发生的, 不会轻易改变的未来动作、事情。常用于此类用法的动词有come go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start, begin。
①The plane arrives at 8 o’clock. 飞机八点到。
②School begins on September 6th. 九月六日开学。
2. 在表时间和条件的状语从句中, 用一般现在时代替将来时。
①When Bill comes ask him to wait for me. 比尔回来时让他等我。
②I will write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我一到那就会给你写信。
③You will have to get everything ready for the party before I come this evening.
在我来之前你必须为晚会准备好一切。
3. 英语中一些表“状态和感官”的动词通常不用于进行时：
（1）表存在或位置: be, lie, stand.
（2）表所属: have, own, possess, belong to, fit, suit.
（3）表知觉: see, hear, smell, taste, sound, look, feel, seem, appear.
（4）表认识、信仰、意见、怀疑、猜测、希望: know, think, understand, doubt, suppose, hope, wish. （5）表喜欢、反对、仇恨、厌恶: love, like, prefer, mind, hate, want, dislike, envy.
① Japan lies to the east of China.
② Taiwan belongs to China.
③ Who owns this land?
④ I smell the dinner cooking.
⑤ He doubts whether you will find your lost pen again.
⑥ We love our motherland deeply.
二、现在进行时
1. 与always, constantly, forever, all the time等副词连用, 表示动作反复或习惯。此时句子常含有说话者的强烈情感在内。表达较强的“责备”或“表扬”之意。
①You are always changing your mind. 你总是主意不定。(太烦人了。)
②He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。(他真是个好人。)
③ The baby is constantly screaming. 宝宝老是尖叫。（不耐烦）
④ He’s forever finding fault with what I do. 他老是找我的茬。（厌烦）
⑤ She’s perpetually nagging. 她老爱唠叨。（厌烦）
⑥ She’s always working. 她总是在工作。(赞赏)
2. see, return, leave, start, visit, go, come, fly, stay等动词可以用进行时表将来。
①He is leaving on Wednesday. 他将于周三离开。
②We are flying to Paris tomorrow. 我们明天将飞往巴黎。
三、一般将来时
[Be going to和will的区别]
1.be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些。
① He is going to write a letter tonight.
② He will write a book one day.
2.be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
① He is seriously ill. He is going to die.
② He will be twenty years old.
3.be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思，而will 则没有这个意思。
① She is going to lend us her book.
② He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用be going to，而多用will。
If any beast comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
四、现在完成时
[Have been to与Have gone to的用法]
1. have gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
—Where is Jim？———吉姆在哪里？
—He has gone to England. ———他去英国了。（尚未回来）
Mr Wang isn't here．He has gone to Qingdao. 王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。
2. have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times 等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。
My father has been to Beijing twice. 我父亲去过北京两次。
I have never been to the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。
have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。
I have been in Shanghai for three years. 我到上海已有三年了。
He has been in London for half a month. 他来伦敦已有半个月了。
[Have been away与Have gone away的用法]
1. has been away-----后面必须加上for +一段时间/ since + 时间点这样的结构
He has been away from Shanghai for 5 days.
He has been away from Shanghai since Friday.
2. have gone away------后面不能加for+一段时间 / since+时间点这样的结构,但可以加already, yet.
He has gone away on holiday.
He hasn't gone away yet.
五、被动语态——瞬时性动词与延续性动词之间的转换
leave --- be away, fall ill --- be ill,
borrow --- keep, get up---be up,
buy --- have, catch a cold --- have a cold,
begin/start --- be on, come here --- be here,
die --- be dead, go there --- be there,
finish --- be over, become --- be,
join --- be in+组织机构,be a member of+组织机构, come back --- be back,
open sth --- keep sth open, fall asleep --- be asleep,
get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), go (get) out →be out,
leave --- be away from, put on→ wear,
get to know --- know, catch a cold →have a cold.
E.g.
(1) The old man died 4 years ago.
The old man has been dead for 4 years.
It is 4 years since the old man died.
Four years has passed since the old man died.
(2) He joined the Party 2 years ago.
He has been in the Party for 2 years.
(3) I bought the book 5 days ago.
I have had the book for 5 days.
六、被动语态——lie-lay的用法
意思现在分词过去式过去分词
lie 躺，位于，在(vi.)；
保持（linking verb）
lying lay lain
lie说谎(vi.)lying lied lied
lay 平放，放、置(vt.)，下
蛋(vi.&vt.)
laying laid laid
E.g. A rooster lying on the ground lied that he laid an egg yesterday. 一个躺在地上的老公鸡撒谎说他昨天下了一个蛋。
第五集语法填空核心考点考点突破 ——时态与语态——在英语中运用极为广泛 【考向聚焦】 课程标准要求中学生掌握常见的十种时态用法。近三年来各地试题考查最多的是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时。高考中动词时态命题，每年每份试卷中都有2～3个小题，每小题均设置明确的语境。一般来说，命题人总是把易混淆或相近的时态放在一起，增加考题的难度。而被动语态的考点大都集中在被动语态的时态，近三年来考查最多的时态是现在完成时，其次是一般过去时。 对应学生用书P16 用所给动词的适当时态或语态填空 1．(2013?福建，26)The girl has a great interest in sport and ________(take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 解析考查动词时态。根据句中标志词over the last three years可知应为现在完成进行时态。 答案has been taking 2．(2013?北京，28)Hurry up！Mark and Carl ________(expect)us. 解析考查动词时态。根据Hurry up！可知，Mark和Carl正在等我们。用现在进行时态。 答案are expecting 3．(2013?北京，32)—So what is the procedure? —All the applicants ________(interview)before a final decision is made by the authority. 解析考查动词的语态和时态。句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。答案are interviewed 4．(2013?湖南，22)“What do you want to be？”asked Mrs.Crawford.“Oh，I________(be)president，”said the boy，with a smile. 解析考查动词时态。根据问句：你想当什么？可知时态为一般将来时态。 答案will be 5．(2013?湖南，26)If nothing________(do)，the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 解析考查时态和语态。首先nothing与do之间为被动关系，根据主句的一般将来时态可知，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时态。 答案is done 6．(2013?湖南，34)—I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. —I'm so sorry.But I________(do)my homework. 解析根据语境，对话中的第二个人昨天下午没去听课，而是在做作业，故使用过去进行时态，表示过去一段时间内在持续发生的动作。 答案was doing 7．(2013?江苏，21)Generally，students' inner motivation with high expectations from others________(be)essential to their development.
动词的时态 一、考点解读 今天我们复习动词的时态，英语的时态是同学们学习英语的难点，在各地的中考题目中许多题型都会有对于动词时态的考查。出现较多的是在单选，完形填空，及其在第二卷中出现的根据汉语意思填词的题目，还包括翻译句子，书面表达。可以说中考题目中大部分都会涉及到动词的时态。既是难点也是重点。在今天的专题中我们复习初中阶段需要掌握的八个时态。 1．一般现在时 2．现在进行时 3．一般过去时 4．过去进行时 5．一般将来时 6．过去将来时 7．现在完成时 8．过去完成时 二、专题梳理 初中阶段所学的英语的时态有8种。英语的时态有很强的表达能力，能使句子的意思明确，能显示细微的差异，能使句子生动逼真。但它们不是相当灵活，在不同的时间中，要用不同的形式，这是与中文大不相同的地方。 1．一般现在时：一般现在时是描述经常性、反复性的动作、性质或状态的时态。 （1）一般现在时的时间状语通常有： ①often ②usually ③always
④seldom ⑤sometimes ⑥every＋时间 ⑦次数＋时间 ⑧on＋时间 ⑨in＋时间 ⑩没有时间，但表示客观存在的事实 （2）一般现在时动词的形式主要用动词原形表示，但如果主语是单数第三人称时，则在动词后加s或es，变成否定句和疑问句时，又将s、es去掉，还为原形。 ①be动词的一般现在时的构成 否定式和疑问否定式如下表所示： ②其他实义动词的一般现在时的构成
其他实义动词一般现在时的构成如下 表所示（以动词work为例） 特别提示： have(has)在表示“有”时，否定形式为haven’t(hasn’t)或have not(has not)，变为疑问句时可直接把have(has)放在句首也可借助于助动词do(does)。当不表示“有”的意思时，其否定句和疑问句只能加助动词do(does)构成。 e.g.Has she any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) Does she have any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) 她有教钢琴的经验吗？ Had you a good time going hiking yesterday？(×) Did you have a good time going hiking yesterday？(√) 你昨天徒步旅行玩得开心吗？
高中英语语法(时态和语态) 一．动词的时态 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 (一）一般现在时（do / does） 1．具体用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。 He goes to school every day. 2)表示现在的特征或状态 He is very happy. Do you sing? ----A little. 3)表示普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。 Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。 * 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。 I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。 He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。 （二）一般过去时( did ) （1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如： We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. （2）表示过去习惯性动作。例如： He always went to class last. I used to do my homework in the library. （三）一般将来时( will / shall do) 1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如： I shall graduate next year. 2）一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。如 Crops will die without water. You won’t succeed with out their support. 3) 几种替代形式： *be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如： I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money. *be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有"必要"的强制性意义。例如： I am to play tennis this afternoon. *be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如： He was about to start. *be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如： The train is due to depart in ten minutes. 5）少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作。（多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作，句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语）。例如： The meeting begins at seven.
高考英语——动词的时态和语态（专项练习题） 单句语法填空 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than ________ (divide) us. 2．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest. 4．More efforts，as reported，________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform. 5．Dashan，who ________ (learn)crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition. 6．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ (see) for years. 7．Two years ago，while Cathy ________ (watch) the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. 8．Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 9.I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 10．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ (reward)success in the end. 11．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ (wait)here for more than two hours. 12．Secret codes keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information ________ (send)by computer. 13．People in this area are in fact French citizens because it________(be) a colony of the French Republic since 1946.
初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他
高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998
高考英语语法复习专题：动词时态和语态 一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用 动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一 个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 . every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday.
动词时态 一、一般现在时 1.定义：表示经常发生的情况、有规律出现的情况、总是发生的事和事实真理。 2.时间状语：Always，usually，often，sometimes，every week (day，year，month…），once a week(day，year，month…），on Sundays（on Mondays …）. 3.基本结构：主语+ do/does +其他；（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）。 4.否定形式：主语+ am/is/are + not + 其他（此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词）。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 6.例句：（1）It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。 （2）He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。 （3）Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。 二、一般过去时 1.定义：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，last(year，night，month…），in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long ago，once upon a time. 3.基本结构：主语+ 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词。 4.否定形式：主语+ was/were + not + 其他(在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词)。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 6.例句：（1）She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。 （2）I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。 三、一般将来时 1.定义：表示将要发生的动作、打算、计划或准备做某事。 2.时间状语：Tomorrow，soon，in a few minutes，the day after tomorrow，etc. 3.基本结构：（1）主语+ am/is/are + going to + do sth （2）主语+ will/shall + do + do sth 4.否定句：在系动词is/am/are或情态动词will/shall后加not 5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大写} 6.例句：（1）They are going to have a competition with us in studies. 他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。 （2）It is going to rain.天要下雨了。 四、一般过去将来时 1.定义：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语：The next day (morning \，year…），the following month(week…），etc. 3.基本结构：主语+ was/were + going to + do + 其它；主语+ would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式：主语+ was/were + not + going to + do; 主语+ would/should + not + do.
初中英语语法总结 ( 动词的时态) 11.1 一般现在时的用法 1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。11.2 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？ 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
高中英语语法（时态语态篇）练习题精选 ( ) 1. –Where is the morning paper?–I ________ for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 2. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 3. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 4. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine ( ) 5. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ______ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 6. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 7. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 8. Sorry, I can’t open the door, for I the key to it. A. lost B. lose C. had lost D. have lost ( ) 9. —It’s good to see you again, Agnes. —This has been our first chance to visit since from Iran. A. you return B. you returned C. you have returned D. returning ( ) 10. — Did you expect Frank to come to the party? — No, but I had hoped . A. him coming B. him to come C. that he comes D. that he would come ( ) 11. — Bob must be very wealthy. — Yes, he more in one day than I do in a week.
语法填空—时态语态 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.The house belongs to my aunt but she (not live) here any more. (全国I) 2.This machine (not work). It hasn’t worked for years. (浙江) 3.If their marketing plans succeed, they (increase) their sales by 20 percent. (全国Ⅱ) 4.Population experts predict that most people (live) in cities in the near future. (上海春) 5.He (play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津) 6.-- Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -- Yes, since she (join) the Chinese Society. (宁夏) 7.Teenagers (damage) their health because they play computer games too much. (重庆) 8.I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南) 9.John promised his doctor he (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. (北京) 10.By this time tomorrow, I (lie) on the beach 11.So far this year we (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建) 12.The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I (stay) in many worse hotels. (北京) 13.We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we (know) each other for years. (辽宁) 14.-- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -- I think so. He (prepare) for it for months. (江苏) 15.The telephone (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. (四川) 16.--Did you go to the show last night? --Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area (invite). (陕西) 17.-- What’s that noise? -- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine (test). (浙江) 18.I like these English songs and they (teach) many times on the radio. (安徽) 19.Don’t take the magazine away. It (belong) to me. 20.I will go to see my son when he (finish) the training course. 21.Perhaps it will be a long time before Tom （come）from abroad . 22.It’s time that we ( take) some action to protect the environment. 23.Often a storm (follow) by a calm. 24.If city noises (keep) from increasing，people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. 25.I bought this radio yesterday，but it (work). 26.A friend of mine (return) to his house after a holiday only to find it had been broken into. 27.When Jack arrived he (learn) Mary had been away for about an hour. 28.We miss Ted a lot, for he (kill) trying to save a child in earthquake. 29.Shortly after we (seat)，a waiter came over to our table with a smile. 30.I have left the light of my office on, so I (go) back and turn it off. 31.The number of the guests who (invite) to the wedding reaches 800. 32.Mr. Smith told us that he (deliver) a speech the next week. 33.The professor asked his assistant whether his report (complete) in a week. 34.I feel it is your husband who (blame) for the spoiled child. 35.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology (change) so rapidly. 36.You can’t move in right now. The house (paint). 37.Shirley (write) a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished. 38.Henry remained silent for a moment. He (think). 39.They believed that by using computers the production of their factory (increase) greatly. 40.We would like to go and thank him ourselves，but we (not find) out his address . 41.I wonder why Jenny (write) us recently. We should have heard from her by now. 42.My father (employ) at this job since 1990. 1
一、选择题 1．Don’t turn on the TV. Grandma ________. A．sleeps B．is sleeping C．sleep D．are sleeping 2．—Look, Tom's parents look so sad. —Maybe they what's happened. A．knew B．have known C．has known D．will know 3．— How about going for a drive, Mike? — One moment, please! I __________ cleaning our room soon. A．will finish B．have finished C．finish D．finishes 4．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 5．—________ a remake (翻拍) of the famous Disney movie Lion King in July, 2019. — Really? I can't wait to see it. A．There will have B．There is going to have C．There will be 6．— Morning, Mike! Did you sleep well last night? — Yes. I went to bed at 9:30 because there ______ a math test this afternoon. A．was B．will be C．is going to have 7．Which of the following sentences is correct? A．He came in and sat down. B．We all like
高中英语语法复习讲义——动词的时态 一. 概念: 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态，但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，过去完成时，英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 二.相关知识点精讲 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…，sometimes，at…，on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了? 2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
一、动词的时态和语态 名称构成用法 一般现在时do/does,( 连系动词 is/am/are ) 1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、 科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等。 2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现 在时表示将来。 I’ll go there after I finish my work. If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there. 3.在以he re,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词 的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。 There goes the bell.铃响了。 There comes the bus.汽车来了。 Here she comes.她来了。 一般过去时did,( 连系动词 was/were) 表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或 过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。 现在进行时is/am/are doing 1.表示正在进行的动作。 2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。 She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。 He is working as a teacher tomorrow. 从明天起他要做老师。 My father is coming to see me this Saturday. 这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。 3.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。 The Changjiang River is flowing into the east. 长江江水滚滚向东流。 The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。 过去进行时was/were doing 1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示） He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday. 2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行 They were still working when I left. 3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生 I was writing while he was watching TV. 4.表示过去将来动作 He said she was arriving the next day. 现在完成时has/have done 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，说 话时已 完成的动作。 I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room. 2.表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”, “since...”表述的一段时间状语连用。 He has learned English for six years. They have worked here since they left college.