下载文档原格式
职称英语卫生类B级阅读判断练习题范文一份职称英语卫生类B级阅读判断练习题1Online Cancer Chat with a Safety NetCancer Research UK has launched an online chat forum for cancer patients to swap stories and share experiences on how to cope with such a devastating disease.But Cancer Chat is a forum with a difference: it has an information safety net.This means that a Cancer Research UK team will keep a watching brief to ensure that patients are not subjected to rogue “cancer cures” or scientifically unsound information.Anyone can have access to the messages posted on Cancer Chat but if people wish to post a message they will need to register.And Rebekah Gibbs, cancer patient and star of TV’s Casualty has pledged her support for the new project. “I think Cancer Chat is a brilliant idea,” she said. “I have written a public diary about what I went through with breast cancer and I have had such aheart-warming response from other people going through the same thing.“The idea of a Cancer Chat forum means you can share information about treatment and side effects and you can really open up about your feelings online in a way that can be difficult when talking to close friends and family. And with Cancer Research UK monitoring the forum people can be reassured about the quality of information being exchanged.”The award-winning website attracts around one million visitors a month and Cancer Research UK hopes that some of these visitors will also want to post ments on the Cancer Chat forum.For those who do not have access to puters and have questions about cancer, the charity’s team of cancer i nformation nurses are available during office hours to talk over patients’ concerns on the phone.练习：1. Cancer Chat is different from other forums in thatAit has the support of a famous actress.Bit is a source of reliable information.Cit provides a huge amount of information.Dit attracts a great number of visitors.2.Which is NOT true of Rebekah Gibbs?AShe is a well-known figure in Britain.BShe got breast cancer some time ago.CShe thinks highly of Cancer Chat.DShe has written a private diary.3.All the statements about the messages posted on Cancer Chat are true EXCEPTAthey are available to all visitors.Btheir writers get paid for them.Cthey concern not just treatments and side effects.Dthey are also an emotional outlet for their writers.4.CancerHelp UK is a website thatAoffers lots of information on cancer treatment and clinical trials.Battracts numerous visitors.Chas won an award.Dall of the above.5.“The charity” in the last line but one refers toACancer Research UK.BCancer Chat.CCancerHelp UK.DTv’s Casualty.答案：1. B2.D3.B4.D5.A。
食用土豆有益我们的免疫系统吃土豆有益于肠道健康，而且对整个免疫系统也有益，尤其是吃土豆色拉和凉吃。
在对动物模式的一个研究中，西班牙的调查者发现用未经加工的土豆淀粉喂养的猪不仅肠道更健康，而且白血细胞的水平降低了，如血液中的白细胞和淋巴细胞的数量。
白血细胞通常是身体受到考验而产生炎症和疾病时产生的。
西班牙研究者们所观察到的白血球水平的整体下调意味着未经加工的土豆淀粉具有全面的有益的作用，也就是总的来说身体是更加健康。
白血球数量降低了大约百分之十五。
淋巴细胞数量的降低显示炎症指标的下降，然而观察到的淋巴细胞浓度和淋巴细胞凋亡的减少却是惊人的。
在对此进行的最长的研究是用未经加工的土豆淀粉喂养猪14个星期后来判定淀粉对肠道健康的影响。
“在实验中使用未经加工的土豆淀粉,就是为了模拟富含耐久淀粉的饮食所起的作用。
”西班牙巴塞罗那自治大学的研究负责人Jose Francisco Perez这样说道。
人们不吃未经加工的土豆，但是却吃很多富含耐久淀粉的食物，比如说凉的熟土豆、豆荚、粮食、绿香蕉、面食、谷物等。
人们食用的淀粉大约有百分之十为耐久淀粉，也就是不能無小肠中消化，而是分流到大肠，在大肠中发酵的淀粉。
食用淀粉被认为可以降低大肠癌的得病几率，还有可能对过敏性肠综合征起作用。
免疫学专家Lena Ohman的研究小组曾发现过敏性肠综合征病人的淋巴细胞数量并没有改变，然而淋巴细胞却是从周围的血液转移到肠内，这就给过敏性肠综合征至少部分是炎症性疾病的假设提供了依据。
Lena Ohman说道，因为如此,西班牙人观察到的淋巴细胞的减少很有趣，耐久淀粉食品也许值得在过敏性肠综合征病人身上试验。
Ohman近来在瑞典哥德堡大学内科医学系工作，她的研究成果发表在科学引文索引数据库收录的期刊《化学和工业》上。
1、What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body?C Potato salad.2、What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean?A It may mean the reduced levels of inflammation.3、For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment?B They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch.4、All of the following foods are rich in resistant starch EXCEPTD vegetables.5、What a kind of starch is resistant starch after all? A It may cause irritable bowel syndrome.D It cannot be digested in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine.老年糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼可以取代胰岛素治疗哥本哈根的《贝林时报》周一刊登了一则最新医疗研究结果称，大多数II型老年糖尿病患者只要每周坚持三次轻快的体育锻炼，每次30分钟，都可以不用注射胰岛素。
Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost1 . What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body? Potato salad.2 . What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean?It may mean the reduced levels of inflammation.3 . For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment?They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch.4 . All of the following foods are rich in resistant starch EXCEPT vegetables5 . What a kind of starch is resistant starch after all? It cannot be digested in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine.Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics 1 . How could most elderly type II diabetics stop taking insulin?By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.2 . Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent.3 . The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included both A and B.4 .To what a degree have diebetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect'?To the degree where they begin to sweat5.According to Deta, among most diabetics the importance of exercise is___less understood than the importance of watching their diet.Prolonging Human Life1. The writer believes that the population explosion results from a decrease in death rates.2. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures infants could be left dead in times of starvation.3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true? Many of them have a very hard life.4. In Paragraph 3, the phrase "this need" refers to the need to take care of a sick and weak person.5. Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude toward most of the nursing homes, and convalescent hospitals? Critical.FDA: Human, Animal Waste Threatens Produce1 . “Food-borne diseases” in this essay means those diseases which people get by eating fruits which have been polluted2 . Some fruit grower groups believe that most food-borne diseases are caused by people involved in distributing fresh produce.3 . An FDA official said that putting the guidelines into practice would not be very expensive.4 . Consumer groups criticized the FDA guidelines because they didn’t think that these guidelines would surely be carried out.5 . The last paragraph suggests that a good way should be found to encourage foreign growers to follow the FDA guidelines.Early or Later Day Care1 . Which of the following statements would Bowlby support?The first three years of one's life is extremely important to the later development of personality.2 . Which of the following is derivable from Bowlby’s work?Mothers should not send their children to day care centers until they are three years of older.3 . It is suggested that modern societies differ from traditional societies in that the parents-child relationship is more exclusive in modern societies.4 . Which of the following statements is NOT an ar gument against Bowlby’s theory?Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.5 . Which of the following best expresses the writer’s attitude towards early day care?The issue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics.Egypt Felled by Famine1 . Why does the author mention “pyramid builders”?Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization.2 . Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilization of ancient Egypt?Change of climate.3 . Which of the following statements is true?The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.4 . According to Krom, Egypt’s Old Kingdom fell immediately after a period of drought.5 . the word “devastating” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by“damaging”.After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman’sSuicide1 . Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis?Inflamed breast.2 . It was considered fortunate by Stokes’ mother in the miserable event that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her.3 . A patient suffering from “baby blues” may present briefly one or more of the following symptoms EXCEPT having an intention of suicide.4 . How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression?About one fifth of them.5 . Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?Judy Kirby of Indianapolis.Sleep Lets Brain File Memories1.Which of the following statements is meaning to the sentence “to sleep.Perchance to file?”Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?2.What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at Rutgers University?somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation3.What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance,as is indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 4?The poorer the memory,the poorer glucose tolerance4.In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage？The more hippocampus shrinks,the poorer one’s memory5.According to the last paragraph,what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym?To control glucose levels Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements1 . Who is NOT a likely candidate for this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?Linda Buck2 . Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?He gave clear instructions on how to select winners3 . Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?The economics prize4 . The word "kicks" in line 6 from the bottom probably means excitement5 . The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role of telomerase in the growth of cancer cells.Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World1 . It is estimated that there are _____ people suffering from obesity in the world.250,000,0002 . It seems that the _____ people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in the passage.Japanese3 . Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?Diabetes.4 . What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.5 . From the last paragraph we may infer that one to tell them to spend less time watching TV. Diseases of Agricultural Plants1How many diseases are known to attack wheat?Around 40.2According to this passage, which of the following would a plant disease result in if left unchecked?Social upheavals.3What is the main idea of the second paragraph?Some plants have relative immunity to a great many diseases, while others have a susceptibility to them. 4According to the passage, some plant diseases can be prevented by Inoculation.5Which of the following statements is not true Symptoms are always helpful in identifying diseases.“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning1.Researchers have found that the risk of cancer in the mouth and neck is higher with people who drink alcohol outside of mealsur2.Which of the following is NOT the conclusion made by the researchers about “drinking with meals”?It increases by 20 percent the possibility of cancer in all sites.3.Approximately how many drinks do the lowest-intake group average per day?3 drinks.4.Which cancer risk is the lowest among all the four kinds of cancer mentioned in the passage?Laryngeal cancer.5.According to the last paragraph, tissue’s lower exposure to alcohol reduces the risk of laryngeal cancer.Silent and Deadly1 . Which of the following is NOT true of mini-strokes?The cause of them remains unidentified.2 . To prevent mini-strokes from turning into major strokes, it is important to seek prompt medical treatment.3 . The passage indicates that the symptoms of mini-strokes are frequently hard to recognize.4 . All of the following may be signs of mini-strokes EXCEPT for severe headache caused by external injury.5 . It can be inferred from the passage that mini-strokes are silent and deadly.Spacing in Animals1 . Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of Flight Distance?Distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeing.2 . If an animal’s critical distance is penetrated, it will begin to attack.3 . According to the passage, social distance refers to psychological distance.4 . Which of the following could best replace the word “band” in “We can think of it as a hidd en band that contains the group” (in Paragraph 3 .?Strip of land5 . The example of the children holding hands when crossing the street in the last paragraph shows that social distance is sometimes determined by outside factors.Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies1 .What on earth in both fruits and vegetables and their juices plays the most important role in reducing risk for diseases?Fiber and antioxidant.2 .The judgment that fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial to reducing chronic disease development is incorrect3 .The review of the literature has documented the important role of fruit and vegetable juices in reducing the risk of various disease, __cancer and cardiovascular disease__ in particular.4 .A large epidemiological study also found that using various 100% fruit and vegetable juices contributed toa reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease5 .People who drink 3--4 servings of fruit and vegetable juices weekly may have three quarters lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease than those who drink only once a week.In-line Skating and Injuries1 .How many people took part in in-line skating in the US in 1995?Fewer than 17. 7 million.2 .Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the most common reason for injuries?Skating with wrist and elbow wounds.3 .What are the things experts might NOT advise youngsters to wear?Boots and thick clothes.4 .“Truck-surfing” means skating while holding ontoa moving truck.5 .According to the last paragraph, bumping with a motor vehicle took up of the deaths reported since 1992.over 80%。
职称英语试题卫生B级阅读理解习题2017职称英语试题卫生B级阅读理解习题职称英语考试一共有6个题型，包括阅读理解、完形填空、词汇选项、概括大意完成句子、补全短文和阅读判断。
要求在2个小时全部完成，题量大时间少，这就需要考生合理分配复习重点，应试时合理分配做题时间。
以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于职称英语试题卫生B 级阅读理解习题，供大家备考。
第4部分：阅读理解(第31'45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
每道题后面有4个选项，请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇American SocietyWhen foreigners are sometimes asked what seems most strange about American society,somewhere on the top of the list will be the fact the average citizen is allowed to possess guns.Although it is true that many people carry guns legally in the United States, it is also known that many who possess guns carry illegally. Others, who don't have guns, feel that guns can be acquired quite easily. A recent survey indicated that many high school students, especially in the inner cities, can acquire gun with little difficulty.Although most people would never want to own a gun, others have taken up hunting as a sport and enjoy hunting wild game in season. Hunting for deer and duck in fall and winter is very much a part of the American culture.Also, some farmers in rural areas who raise cattle and sheep feel they need to protect their animals against wolves that attack their herds and flocks at night. T o defend and support their rightsto possess firearms the National Rifle Association (NRA) was founded in 1871. The main importance of this organization has been its efforts to prevent strict gun control legislation. The NRA has great political support in small towns and rural areas, especially in the West and the South,where hunting is especially popular. Those who favor the right to possess guns insist that the Constitution provides the right of people "to keep and bear arms". They believe that gun control laws will not solve the problem of crime and violence in America.Recent events in America, however, have shown that the question of gun possession is now out of control and strong voices have called for immediate action to be taken. In seemingly peaceful schools students have gone into classrooms and opened fire upon their classmates.America has been shocked by such incidents which seem to occur with greater frequency. The periodic deaths of innocent citizens and even foreign visitors from guns have forced legislators to pass laws to stop these senseless killings.The day may not be far off when America will be transformed from a gun culture to one which controls their use and possession.31. What is most unusual about American society?A. Many Americans acquire guns illegally.B. Ordinary people can possess guns legally.C. The average citizen does not try to possess guns.D. Many school children carry guns legally.32. Some Americans defend their possession of guns by arguing that__________.A. deer and duck reproduce too quickly in the country.B. herds and flocks bother farmer at night.C. hunting is part of the American way of life.D. wolves threaten people's lives in rural areas.33. The National Rifle Association was established to__________.A. help strengthen gun control laws.B. unite people who possess guns.C. defend Americans'right to possess guns.D. solve the problem of crime and violence.34. Gun possession has become a hot issue in the US because it is__________.A. gathering political support.B. becoming increasingly restricted.C. threatening endangered species.D. causing serious problems.35. The author's attitude towards the US gun culture is__________.A. positive.B. negative.C. indifferent.D. neutral.第二篇Living Standards Around the WorldThe differences in living standards around the world are vast. In 1993, the average American had an income of about $25,000. In the same year, the average Mexican earned $7,000, and the average Nigerian earned $1,500. Not surprisingly, this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality of life. Changes in living standards over time are also large. In the United States, incomes have historically grown about 2 percent per year (after adjusting for changes in the cost ofliving). At this rate, average income doubles every 35 years. In some countries, economic growth has been even more rapid. In Japan, for instance, average income has doubled in the past 20 years, and in South Korea it has doubled in the past 10 years.What explains these large differences in living standards among countries and over time? The answer is surprisingly simple. Almost all variation in living standards is attributable to differences in countries' productivity-- that is, the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker's time. In nations where workers can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time, most people enjoy a high standard of living; in nations where workers are less productive, most people must endure a more meager existence. Similarly, the growth rate of anation's productivity determines the growth rate of its average income.The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple, but its implications are far-reaching. If productivity is the primary determinant of living standards, other explanations must be of secondary importance. For example, people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage laws contributed to the rise in living standards of American workers over the past century. Yet the real hero of American workers is their rising productivity.The relationship between productivity and living standards also has great implications for public policy. When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards, the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce goods and services. To improve living standards,policymakers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated, have the toolsneeded to produce goods and services, and have access to the best available technology.36. Which of the following countries has enjoyed the fastest economic growth in history?A. Mexico.B. The United States.C. Japan.D. South Korea.37. The word "meager" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to__________.A. modest.B. poor.C. meaningless.D. plentiful.38. What is the most important factor that leads to the rise in living standards of average people?A. Labor unions.B. Minimum-wage laws.C. Rising productivity.D. Favorable public policy.39. The study of the relationship between productivity and living standards is significant in that __________.A. it calls policymakers' attention to a qualified work forceB. it encourages workers to get better educationC. it helps improve the workers' ability to produce goods and servicesD. it enables policymakers to access the latest technology40. The passage mainly discusses __________.A. the differences in average income among countriesB. the relationship between productivity and living standardsC. the causes of the rise in living standardsD. the importance of raising productivity。
*6 Once-daily Pill Could Simplify HIV TreatmentBristol-Myers Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences have combined many HIV drugs into a single pill Sometimes the best medicine is more than one kind of medicine. Malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS,2for example, are all treated with combinations of drugs. But that can mean a lot of pills to take. It would be simpler if drug companies combined all the medicines into a single pill, taken just once a day.Now, two companies say they have done that for people just starting treatment for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The companies are Bristol-Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences. They have developed a single pill that combines three drugs currently on the market.3 Bristol-Myers Squibb sells one of them under the name of Sustiva.4 Gilead combined the others, Emtriva and Viread, into a single pill in two thousand four.Combining drugs involves more than technical issues. It also involves issues of competition if the drugs are made by different companies. The new once-daily pill is the result of what is described as the first joint venture agreement of its kind in the treatment of HIVIn January the New England Journal of Medicine5 published a study of the new pill. Researchers compared its effectiveness to6 that of the widely used combination of Sustiva and Combivir. Combivir contains two drugs, AZT7 and 3TC.8 The researchers say that after one year of treatment, the new pill suppressed HIV levels in more patients and with fewer side effects.9 Gilead paid for the study. Professor Joel Gallant at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, led the research. He is a paid adviser to Gilead and Bristol-Meyers Squibb as well as the maker of Combivir, GlaxoSmithKline.Glaxo Smith Kline reacted to the findings by saying that a single study is of limited value. It says the effectiveness of Combivir has been shown in each of more than fifty studies.The price of the new once-daily pill has not been announced. But Gilead and Bristol-Myers Squibb say they will provide it at reduced cost to developing countries. They plan in the next few months to ask the United States Food and Drug Administration10 to approve the new pill.There are limits to who could take it because of the different drugs it contains. For example, pregnant women are told not to take Sustiva because of the risk of birth disorders.11Experts say more than forty million people around the world are living with HIV *7 ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exerise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration.The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those _of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is question hard _to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The sage limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose _depens upon one’s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.*第八篇 Old And Active（新增）It is well—known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries. A recent report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world．A healthy long life is the result of improvement in social environment.Scientists are trying to work out exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy, and whether there is a lesson to be learnt from their lifestyles for the rest of us. Should we make any changes to our eating habits, for instance, or go jogging each day before breakfast? Is there some secret ingredient in the Japanese diet that is particularly beneficial to the human body?Another factor contributing to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate．Although longer life should be celebrated, it is actually considered a social problem．The number of older people had doubled in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs．The country could soon be facing an economic problem, if there are so many old people to be looked after and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them．Raising the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem. Work can give the elderly a sense of responsibility and mission in life. It’s important that the elderly play active roles in the society and live in harmony with all generations.*9 The Case of the DisappearingFingerprintsOne useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic 0marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing them could become troublesome. A case released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a problem of losing fingerprints is.Eng-Huat Tan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine to treat his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the drug ,the patient decided to visit U. S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U.S customs officials for 4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn’t get fingerprints from the man. There were no distinctive swirly marks appearing from his index finger. U. S. customs3 has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. Their index fingers are printed and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys—terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country. Unfortunately, for the Singaporean traveler, one potential side effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads. Hence, no fingerprints.“It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine,” Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with a doctor’s note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States. I guess the name on his passport didn’t raise any red flags. But he’s also now got the explanatory doctor’s note—and won’t leave home without it.By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration, which approved use of the drug 11 years ago, should consider updating its list of side effects associated with this medicine. The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting, stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where does it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.*10 Hospital MistreatmentAccording to a study, most medical interns report experiencing mistreatment, including humiliation by senior doctors, being threatened, or physical abuse in their first year out of medical school.The findings come from analysis of the responses to a 13-page survey mailed in January 1991 to 1, 733 second-year residents. The survey and analysis appear in the April 15th issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.Overall, out of the 1,277 residents who completed surveys, 1,185 said that they had experienced at least one incident of mistreatment in their intern year. In addition to reporting incidents where they were abused, more than 45% of the residents said they had witnessed at least one incident where other persons had made false medical records. Moreover, nearly three quarters of the residents said they had witnessed mistreatment of patients by other residents, attending physicians, or nurses. Almost 40% said patient mistreatment was a frequent event.More than 10% of the residents said they were not allowed to have enough sleep, and the average number of hours without _ sleep was 37.6. The average on-call hours during a _ typical week was 56.9 hours, but about 25% of the residents said their on-call assignments were more than 80 hours some weeks. Although 30% of the residents said they experienced some type of sexual harassment or discrimination, verbal abuse was the most common problem cited. When abusive incidents were limited to events occurring three or more times, 53% of the respondents reported that they were belittled or humiliated by more senior residents, while just over 21% reported someone taking credit for their work. Being “given tasks for punishment,”“being pushed, kicked or hit,”and having someone “threatening your reputation or career,”were reported as a more frequent occurrence by over 10% of the responding residents.。
职称英语真题《卫生B》阅读理解精选题职称在中占有分数的比例很大，拿下阅读基本上考试就成功了一半。
下面是yjbys网店铺提供给大家关于职称英语真题《卫生B》阅读理解精选题，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
New US Plan for Disease PreventionUrging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetes (糖尿病) .The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases -- the leading causes of death in the United States- and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise."In the United States today, 7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases," the Health and Human Services department said in a statement.The causes are often behavioral -- smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise."I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future," Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative."Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices."Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $ 351 billion in 2003."These leading causes of death for men and women arelargely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for US to lead healthier, longer lives," he said.The $15 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes.The money will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.The American Cancer .Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening,including Pap tests ( 巴氏试验) for cervical ( 子宫颈的) cancer mammograms ( 乳癌X线照片)for breast cancer, colonoscopies (结肠镜检查) , and prostate (前列腺的) checks.If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the group estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.31. Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US?A. They account for 70% of all deaths.B. They are responsible for most of the health care costs.C. They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.D. They are largely preventable.32. The author mentions all the following ways of disease prevention EXCEPT __________.A. better dietB. increased exerciseC. less smokingD. more frequent hand washing33. The passage indicates that spending more money on disease prevention will mean __________.A. greater responsibility of the governmentB. less need for input into treatmentC. higher costs of health careD. more lifestyle choices for people34. The purpose of the $15 million program is to __________.A. promote disease preventionB. build more highwaysC. help poor communitiesD. wipe out chronic diseases35. Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly __________.A. the death rates for all chronic diseasesB. the kinds of cancer attacking peopleC. the incidence rate for cancerD. the death rate for cancer答案与解析31.C。
职称英语卫生类B级真题及答案（word版）（4）第四部分：阅读理解短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talentedmusician, but you might not be a good reader . Each of us is different .Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words ,numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests ,and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test ,do the same on all tests .Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .Howard Gardner , a psychologist at the Harvard School ofEducation ,has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by oneintelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists , he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .31.What is the main idea of this passage ?A. The importance of intelligence .B. The development of intelligence tests .C. How to understand intelligence .D. How to become intelligent .答案：C32.Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence ?A. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests .B. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests .C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests .D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oraltests .答案：A33.Gardner believes that ________ .A. all children are alike .B. children have different intelligences .C. children should take one intelligence test .D. there is no general intelligence .答案：B34.According to Gardner, schools should ________ .A. test students’ IQs .B. train students who do poorly on tests .C. focus on finding the most intelligent students .D. promote development of all intelligences .答案：D45.Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________ .A. biological foundation .B. musical foundation .C. intrapersonal foundation .D. linguistic foundation .答案：A第二篇The Worker's Role in ManagementTraditionally, it has been the worker's role to work and management's role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought of consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled(被迫的) to obtain the worker's opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided "suggestion boxes" in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellersof labor——they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management?Workers should have a role in management. At the very least, the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. (A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.) Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs(失业), often with no warning. At least 90 day's notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups. If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvement, their morale will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive, they must be given a share in the company's profits. This can be done through employee stockownership plans, bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.36.It can be interred from Paragraph 1 that managers________.A. seldom obtained workers’opinionsB. were not qualifiedC. disliked “suggestion boxes”D. never consulted the labor force.答案：B37.In recent years, many management specialists have been arguing that workers________.A. are no longer sellers of the productsB. are less affected by company decisions than before.C. are able to make final decisions for the company.D. should have a say in management of the company.答案：D38.The word “rank-and-life”Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to___.A. seniorB. ordinaryC. intelligentD. capable答案：B39.According to the passage, what happened between 1980 and 1985?A. Managers consulted workers before closing a plant.B. Workers did not make necessary concession.C. About five million workers were laid off without advance notice.D. Many companies were closed because of strikes.答案：C40.It not given a voice in managenal decision making workers_____.A. may lack the incentive to increase their productivity.B. cannot get a share in the company’s profits.C. can still get bonuses for efficiency and productivity.D. will not have the opportunity to purchase the plant.答案：A第三篇Obesity(肥胖) in the Western WorldObesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world, delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conference —— of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries 一 1. 2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said，“ Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany，20 per cent of the people are already affected，but in Japan only one per cent. ” But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said, "We are living in the new age (but) with the metabolism(新陈代谢) of a stone-age man" “I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every comer. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization. ”Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said, “Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese，also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose(脂肪的) tissue complaints. ” "Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure. ”Another expert Hermann T oplak said that the state healthservices should improve their financing of preventive programs. "Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the body-mass index is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters. One should start earlier. ”Ludvik said that p revention should begin in school. “ Child obesity (fat deposits) correlates(与……相关) with the time which children spend in front of TV sets. ”The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.41.Which of the following is true about obesiA. People in Japan needn’t worry about obesity.B. Obesity is a disease that lasts for a long time.C.20% of the people in the world are overweight.D.Obesity should be cured with new medication42. Which of the following does Prof. Friendrich Hopichler probably agree?A. Diabetes is mainly caused by obesity.B. 50% of patients with high blood pressure complained about obesity.C. The fast food supplied in American pizza shops is tasteless.D. The more one weights, the more likely he is to suffer from heart disease.答案：D43.Hermann Toplak suggested that more money should be spent on_______.A. health insuranceB. preventive programsC. state health servicesD. obesity-related surgeries答案：B44.Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?A. DiabetesB. High blood pressureC. StomachacheD. Adipose tissue complaints答案：A45.”The consequences” in the last paragraph result from people_____.A. reducing their weightB. eating fast foodC. getting obeseD. spending too much time in front of TV sets答案：C。
2014卫生类教材阅读理解和完型填空没有新增文章卫生B第1-33篇，带星号文章为第17-33篇，第19、24篇为2012新增未考文章，需要注意。
具体文章链接见二楼第一篇纳米保健技术走向贫困国家Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor第二篇医学杂志Medical Journals第三篇厨房油烟可致癌Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor第四篇孕期妇女宜多补充多维制剂Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Women第五篇美国人吃盐过量U.S. Eats Too Much Salt第六篇自行车的危险Pushbike Peril第七篇深夜喝咖啡Late-night Drinking （2013卫生C真题）第八篇Eat Healthy （2012新增，2012年4月真题）第九篇美国将在一月启动一项耗资三十二亿美元的儿童健康研究项目U.S. to Start $. Billion Child Health Study in January第十篇换抽雪茄Cigars Instead?第十一篇失眠Sleeplessness第十二篇关于感冒的常识Common-cold Sense第十三篇药反应——至死的主要原因Drug Reactions—A Major Cause of Death第十四篇梦Dreams第十五篇乐观情绪助你远离感冒Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay第十六篇（2013教材新增）Eat to Live以下为教材带星号文章*第十七篇食用土豆能促进我们的免疫系统Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost*第十八篇老年糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼可以取代胰岛素治疗Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics第十九篇Prolonging Human Life（2012新增）第二十篇 FDA：人畜排泄物危及农产品FDA: Human Animal Waste Threatens Produce第二十一篇早期或稍晚期的日托Early or Later Day Care第二十二篇被饥荒颠覆的埃及Egypt Felled by Famine第二十三篇产后抑郁症——妇女自杀的罪魁祸首After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman’s Suicide第二十四篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories（2012新增）第二十五篇诺贝尔奖的公布从医学奖开始．Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements第二十六篇肥胖症——西方世界的灾祸Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World第二十七篇艾滋病治疗的新突破（2012新增，2012年4月真题）New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus第二十八篇农业作物的病害Diseases of Agricultural Plants第二十九篇（2013教材新增）"Don't Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning (2013卫生B真题)第三十篇安静和致死Silent and Deadly第三十一篇动物间的间隔距离Spacing in Animals第三十二篇果汁和蔬菜汁与水果和蔬菜一样对人体有益Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies 第三十三篇非运动场所滑冰与损伤In-line Skating and Injuries。
阅读判断第九篇What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person‟s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person‟s wishes. He beli eved that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2was once a student of Freud‟s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person‟s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men‟s dreams a re often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women‟s dreams.3Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn‟t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not me an that some terrible event will actually take place. It‟s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.译文：什么是梦？许多世纪以来，人们都对他们梦到的奇异事情感到疑惑。
阅读判断Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients from TherapyPatients infected with HIV are often concerned about2 the confidentiality of their HIV-positive status. In fact, some patients are so worried that they will actually give up treatment to prevent the release of this information, according to a report published in the August issue of AIDS Care.Dr. Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein and colleagues from Duke University, Durham, North Carolina3, studied the confidentiality issues of 15 HIV-infected patients from rural North Carolina locations. They were divided into groups designed to explore their attitudes toward, and experiences with, breaches in confidentiality.“The fear of a breach in confidentiality is definitely affecting the care that HIV-infected patients receive,”Whetten-Goldstein said. “Most studied patients had experienced or knew someone who had experienced a breach in confidentiality.”“Two types of breaches occurred,”Whetten-Goldstein noted. “The first was a more obvious type of breach. One example was a nurse who told her child that her patient was HIV-positive out of concern that her child would play with the patient’s child.4”“The other type of breach was more subtle, one that providers might not consider breaches, 5”Whetten-Goldstein explained. “This type of breach involves providers talking about a patient’s HIV status without the patient’s knowledge of the interaction.”“The law allows the sharing of information between providers within the same institution, but patient’s consent must be obtained before providers at different institutions can share information,”she pointed out. “Patients in the study wanted providers to tell them when they are going to share information with other providers and why it is being done,”Whetten-Goldstein said. “They also felt that providers should be punished when a breach occurs.”“However, because patients are often reluctant to seek legal action which may further expose their status, they felt that the system should regulate itself,”she added.1.All patients in the study refuse to receive any treatment because of the possibility to expose their HIV status. B. Wrong2.Worry about breaches in confidentiality of the HIV status has nothing to do with the curative effects on patients. B. Wrong3.Medical workers of an institution cannot freely provide their HTV-patients’information to those of other institutions.A. Right4.Whether an HIV-infected patient agrees to other (not his)medical workers’sharing the information about his HIV status is one of the rights given by the constitution. C. Not mentioned5.Most patients in the study strongly object to the breaches in the confidentiality of their HIV status. A. Right6.Quite a few patients will firmly defend their own right if such a breach occurs. B. Wrong7.Breaches in confidentiality are common in medical circles all over the world. C. Not mentionedFood and CancerMedical expels have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence1 that vitamins could reduce a person’s chance of developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study. They are from American National Cancer Institute2 and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences3 in Beijing. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the study. About thirty thousand people between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study. They were from the northern central Chinese area of Linxian. Most of them took vitamins and minerals every day for five years.Linxian was chosen because the people there have all extremely high rate of cancer of stomach andesophagus. Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate. Researchers divided those into eight groups. Seven of the groups received different mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily. The amounts of the vitamins and minerals were 1 to 2 times greater than what American health officials say is needed. The eighth group received sugar pills4 that had no effect. Thosew ho seemed to gain the most received a mixture of a form of vitamin A called β–carotene, vitamin E and the mineral selenium. The vitamin and mineral are believed to prevent damage to cells caused by cancer-causing substances. Researchers reported a 13 perce nt drop in cancer rates in those who took β–carotene, vitamin E and selenium5. They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by strokes from bursting blood vessels.Scientists warn that it is too soon to know if the effect would be the same among people in other countries. They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals. Chinese officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years. For now officials reportedly are considering using the results of the study. They want to find a way to improve the health of people in Linxian and other small towns in China. 练习:1.The results of the new study are unexpected. B. Wrong2.Among the scientists that did the study, there are more Chinese than Americans. C. Not mentioned3.The study lasted for about five years. A. Right4.The rate of cancer of stomach and esophagus in Linxian is the highest in China. C. Not mentioned5.Fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate in Linxian. A. Right6.All those people who took part in the study received vitamins and minerals. B. Wrong7.The results of the study are of great significance to people everywhere. B. WrongStomach UlcerStomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people.Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears1. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach2，the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach3. This pain often is called heartburn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa.Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.1.In the past, doctors couldn’t do anything about stomach ulcers. B. Wrong2.Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers. B. Wrong3. Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life. A. Right4. Doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers after many years of experiments.C. Not mentioned5. There has been a change in doctors’understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers.A. Right6. Stomach ulcers can lead to stomach cancer.A. Right7. People who eat a lot of spicy food are also susceptible to stomach ulcers.C. Not mentionedWhat Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, man y experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.1．Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful.A Right2．According to Freud, people dream about things that they cannot talk about.A Right3．Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand oneself.B Wrong4．In the past, people believed that dreams involved emotions.C Not mentioned5．According to Domhoff, babies do not have the same ability to dream as adults do.A Right 6．Men and women dream about different things.A Right7．Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.B WrongRed Meat Links to Higher Risk of Breast CancerExercise and keeping a healthy weight are two things that doctors say might help women lower their risk of breast cancer.Mothers may reduce their risk if they breastfeed for at least four months. For older women, hormone replacement therapy2 can lower the risk of some other diseases. But it has been found to increase the risk of breast cancer. So women should consider their choices carefully. The same may be said for diet.New findings show that younger women who eat a lot of red meat have higher rates of breast cancers called hormone-receptor positive3. The growth is fed by the levels of estrogen or another hormone, progesterone, in the body.Researchers at Brigham Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, reported the findings as part of a health study of nurses. The researchers followed the health of more than 90,000 women from 1991 to 2003. Those who ate the most red meat ate more than one and one-half servings a day. A serving was defined as roughly 84 grams. Those who ate the least red meat ate less than three servings a week. This is what the study found about breast cancers that were hormone receptor-positive: The women who ate the most red meat were almost two times as likely to get them as the women who ate the least of it.Eunyoung Cho, the lead author of the report, says more research is needed to know the reason for the link. But in the past, researchers have suggested that three things may play a part. One is the way meat is cooked or processed. Another is the use of growth hormones in cows. And the third is the kind of iron in red meat: The study appears in the Archives of Internal Medicine.And now we have more to tell you about our subject —resveratrol. We discussed a study in the United States that found that large amounts of this plant compound helped fat mice live longer. The mice were fed much more resveratrol than people could get from red wine, one of the foods that contains it.Now, scientists in France say resveratrol also improves muscle performance —again, at least in mice. They were able to run two times as far in laboratory treadmill tests4 as mice normally could. The study at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology5 appeared in the journal Cell.1.Breastfeeding helps women prevent the development of breast cancer to a certain degree. A. Right2.Estrogen may contribute to the development of breast cancer as much as hormone replacement therapy.A. Right3.The amount of red meat a woman eats is directly proportional to the probability of breast cancer. A. Right4.The way red meat is prepared has much to do with the probability of breast cancer. A. Right5.Any kind of iron in the food is a contributor to the development of breast cancer. B. Wrong6.Resveratrol is the fourth factor recently found that causes a breast cancer to develop. B. Wrong7.Any kind of wine contains resveratrol. C. Not mentioned。
概括大意gnant Women Warned About ACE Inhibitor1. Some of the most commonly used medicines for high blood pressure are drugs called ACE inhibitors. Doctors have given these drugs to patients for twenty-five years. A government study in the United States found that the use almost doubled between 1995 and 2000.2. Doctors have known for years that women should not take ACE inhibitors during the last six months of pregnancy. The medicine can injure the baby. ACE inhibitors, though, have been considered safe when taken during the first three months. But a New study has found that women who take these drugs early in their pregnancy still increase the risk of birth disorders2. The study shows that, compared to others, their babies were almost three times as likely to be born with major problems.3 These included problems with the formation of the brain and nervous system and holes in the heart.3. The researchers say they found no increased risk in women who took other blood pressure medicines during the first three months. Researchers at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee and Boston University did the study. The New England Journal of Medicine4 published the results. The researchers studied the records of almost thirty thousand births between 1985 and 2000. Two hundred nine babies were born to women who took ACE inhibitors during the first three months of their pregnancies. Eighteen of the babies, or almost nine percent, had major disorders.4. ACE inhibitors are often given to patients with diabetes. But diabetes during pregnancy can result in birth defects. So the study did not include any women known to be diabetic5. ACE inhibitors suppress a protein called angiotensin-converting enzyme, or ACE. This enzyme produces a chemical in the body that makes blood passages narrow. The drugs increase the flow of blood so pressure is reduced.5. New drugs are tested on pregnant animals to see if they might cause birth defects in humans. But experts say these tests are not always dependable. The United States Food and Drug Administration6 helped pay for the study. The F. D. A. says women who might become pregnant should talk with their doctor about other ways to treat high blood pressure.1.Paragraph 2 _ Damage to Pregnant Women’s Future Babie s2.Paragraph 3 F. Relative Safe for Women During the First Three Months of Pregnancies3.Paragraph 4 Effects of ACE and ACE Inhibitors4.Paragraph 5 How to Deal with High Blood Pressure in Pregnant Women5.FDA. suggests that pregnant women with high blood pressure should consult _ with their doctors about how to treat their problems6.ACE inhibitors are not recommended _ for pregnant women to take during their last six months of pregnancies7.Evidence showed only a small percentage of babies suffered major disorders _ though their mothers took ACE inhibitors during their first three months of pregnancies8.ACE is a risk factor to our body ___ t hat may cause our blood vessels to become more and more narrow _Screen Test1. Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a, survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.2. But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.3. Researchers at the Polytechnic University1 of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160, 000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used twomodels to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.4. The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers.5. The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant”compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.6. But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimise the technique” for breast cancer screening.7. “There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks,”admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. “On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.”1.Paragraph 2 Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman _2.Paragraph 3 Investigating the Effect of Screening __3.Paragraph 4 __ Effects Predicted by Two Different Models4.Paragraph 5 _ Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation5.Early discovery of breast cancer may_ save a life6.Advantages of screening women under 50 are_ still open to debate7.Delaying the age at which screening starts may___ reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancer8.Radiation exposure should be __ reduced to the minimum。
2014年职称英语（卫生类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板第一篇Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor文章名称问题答案Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor Bringing nanotechnology to health care for the poor（卫C）1)Which of the following uses of nanotechnology is NOT mentioned in the passage?2)How can quantum dots be used to confirm diseases?3)How can nanotechnology be used to make a drug more effective?4)The following developing countries are doing very well scientificresearch on nanotechnology EXCEPT5)Which of the following is the possible risk in using nano materials mentioned in thepassage?Bringing nanotechnology to health care for the poor（卫C）1)To produce better and lighter building materials.2)By lighting up in the presence of a targeted molecule.3)By making a drug target the focus of a disease.4)Iran5) D They may behave differently in the body and the environment.纳米保健技术走向贫困国家1. 纳米保健技术走向贫困国家（卫C）①关于纳米技术的用途下面哪一个文中未提及？②怎样能使量子点被应用于确认疾病？③纳米技术如何被用于提高疗效？④下述发展中国家在纳米技术方面没有做很好的科学研究的是。
职称英语卫生类B级考试真题及答案阅读判断2015年职称英语卫生类B级考试真题及答案阅读判断新的一轮职称英语考试复习已经开始，为了让大家了解职称英语考试难易程度，yjbys网店铺为大家提供了职称英语历年考试真题及答案详解，以下是2015年职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类B级阅读判断。
第2部分：阅读判断(第16〜22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的`内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Baseline Exam Is Key to Eye HealthEven people with no signs or risk factors for eye disease can suffer vision loss and need to get baseline (基线) eye exams at age 40, says the American Academy of Ophthalmology The reminder (提示) is part of the AAO's EyeSmart campaign to mark Save Your Vision Month in February."Many eye diseases progress without any warning signs," Dr. Stephanie Marioneaux,a initical correspondent for the AAO, said in a prepared statement. "Gradual changes in vision can affect your ability to function independently and have confidence in your abilities. "Based on the findings from the initial screening, an eye doctor will create a schedule for follow-up eye exams.People of any age who have symptoms of eye disease or are at high risk due to family history, diabetes (糖尿病) or high blood pressure should consult with their eye doctor to determine how often they should have their eyes checked, the AAO recommends.By 2020, 43 million Americans will be at significant risk for vision loss or blindness due to age-related eye diseases such ascataracts (白内障) and glaucoma (青光眼) That's a more than 50 percent increase over the current number of Americans with such vision-threatening diseases.But many Americans are unconcerned about the risk of vision loss. Only 23 percent of Americans are very concerned about losing their vision, while most feel weight gain and joint or back pain are greater worries than vision loss, according to an AAO survey conducted for its EyeSmart campaign.16. People with no signs of eye disease don’t need any eye exams.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. Changes in vision cannot affect people’s lives.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. There’s a great shortage of eye doctors in the US.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. High blood pressure is one of the risk factors for eye disease.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Older people are at higher risk for vision loss or blindness.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21 Most Americans are worried about the risk of vision loss.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22 eigh gain and joint or back pain are big worries in Europe.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案：。
2014年职称英语考试卫生类B级真题及参考答案词汇选项：1.London quickly became a flourishing port.A. majorB. largeC. commercialD. successful2.It was a magic night until the spell was broken.A. charmB. timeC. spaceD. opportunity3.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. proveB. considerC. imagineD. discover4.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A. copyB. publishC. summarizeD. furnish5.Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. disappointmentB. excitementC. angerD. calm6.His stomach felt hollow with fear.A. sincereB. respectfulC. emptyD. terrible7.His knowledge of French is fair.A. quite goodB. very usefulC. very limitedD. rather special8.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A. inflexibleB. hiddenC. traditionalD. official9.Several windows had been smashed.A. cleanedB. replacedC. brokenD. fixed10.She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. actB. homeworkC. justiceD. model11.His professional career spanned 16 years.A. startedB. changedC. lastedD. moved12.The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. partsB. painsC. aspectsD. results13.The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limitB. supportC. regulateD. oppose14.The majority of people around here are decent.A. realB. honestC. normalD. wealthy15.He led a very moral life.A. humanB. intelligentC. naturalD. honourable阅读判断：Some Schooling on BackpacksAccording to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. 5,900 kids were treated at hospital emergency rooms, clinics, and doctors’ offices last year for sprains (扭伤) and strains caused by backpacks. Such injuries are so widespread that more than 70 percent of physicians surveyed by the American of Orthopedic (整形外科的) Surgeons listed backpacks as a potential clinical problem for children.How do you avoid such problems? Choose bags that have wide, padded straps （有垫的背带）and a belt. That will help transfer some of the weight from the back and shoulders to the hips. You should also tighten both straps firmly, so the packrests about 2 inches above your waist. Also, remember to pack your bag with the heaviest items closest to your back and to bend both knees when you pick it up.I low much should you stuff into your back? That depends on your size and strength, but a general rule is not to exceed 20 percent of your body weight. So if a child weights 100 pounds, the backpack and its load should not be more than 20 pounds. One hint: Make frequent trips to your locker (储物柜) to exchange books between classes.Backpacks with wheels let you pull the weight along the ground, but they have problems too. Many are larger than the average shoulder bag, so students are tempted to carry more than they would in a conventional pack.Roller bags often don’t fit into a locker. They can also lead to tripping and falls in crowded halls. Whatever you use. 10 or 15 minutes of stretching and back strengthening is a good idea.16. About six thousand American kids were injured by carrying backpacks last year.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. 70 percent of UK physicians have treated children with sprains and strains.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Backpacks with wide, padded straps and a belt can help to avoid problems of sprains and strains.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. A 100-pound child should carry a backpack of more than 20 pounds.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Children should put all the books in their locker.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. Roller bags tend to be heavier than ordinary backpacks.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. A 10-15 minutes’ exercise will help you bear a heavier backpack.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned概括大意与完成句子：Aromatherapy(芳香疗法)1 Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine which is based on the use of very concentrated essential oils from the flowers, leaves, bark, branches or roots of plants which are considered to have healing properties. In aromatherapy these powerful oils are mixed with other oils, such as almond(杏仁)oil, or they are diluted(稀释)with water. These solutions(溶液剂)can be rubbed on the skin, sprayed in the air, or applied as a compress(敷药)。
2012年职称英语卫生类阅读和完型新增文章卫生类(A、B、C 级)D2012年职称英语卫生类新增文章篇目2012年职称英语理工、综合和卫生教材（电子版已经发布，欢迎下载）阅读理解（5篇）第八篇Eat Healthy（2011年综合类第一篇）第十九篇Prolonging Human Life（2011理工类第十九篇）*第二十四篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories（2011年理工类第二十八篇；综合类第二十篇）+第三十四篇Who Want to Live Forever? （2011年综合类第三十一篇）+第四十篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others（2011年理工类第四十五篇）完形填空（5篇）第二篇Going on a diet 已有*第八篇Old And Active已有+第十二篇Dreams已有+第十四篇 A Health Profile（2009年综合类教材）+第十五篇Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years（2011综合类教材）译文见最后注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；2、完形填空，请参见第18页；3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化。
注释:1. Be a member of the clean - plate club! 做清盘俱乐部的成员2. Just think about those starving orphans in Africa! 只要想想在非洲挨饿的孤儿们!3. take too many bites 吃得太多4. A Waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer，with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. 根据《今日美国》刊登的一个故事，服务员给每个顾客一盘饭菜，其量是政府推荐的2至4倍。
XX年职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题xx年职称英语卫生B阅读理解真题有教养的'头脑的第一个标志就是善于提问。
以下是为大家搜索的xx年卫生B阅读理解真题，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!Most people think of Beethoven’s hearing loss as an obstacle toposing music. However, he produced his most powerful works in the lastdecade of his life when he was pletely deaf.This is one of the most glorious cases of the triumphof will overadversity, but his biographer, Maynard Solomon, takes a different view. Solomonargues that Beethoven’s deafness “heightened” his achievement as a poser. Inh is deaf world Beethoven could experiment, free from the sounds of the outsideworld, free to create new forms and harmonies.Hearing loss does not seem to affect the musicalability ofmusicians who bee deaf. They continue to “hear” music with as much, orgreater, auracy than if they were actually hearing it being played.Michael Eagar, who died in xx, became deaf at the ageof 21. Hedescribed a fascinating phenomenon that happened within three months: “myformer musical experiences beganto play back to me. I couldn’t differentiatebetween what I heard and real hearing. After many years, it is still rewardingto listen to these playbacks, to ‘hear’ musicwhich is new to me and to findmany quiet aompaniments for all of my moods. ”How is it that the world we see, touch, hear, and smell is both “outthere” and at the same time withinus? Thereis no better example of this connection between external stimulus andinternal perception than the cochlear implant. No man-made device could replacethe ability to hear. However, it might be possible to use the brain’sremarkable power to make sense of the electrical signals the implant produces.When Michael Edgar first “switched on” his cochlear implant, thesounds he heard were not at all clear. Gradually, with much hard work, he beganto identify everyday sounds. For example, “The insistent ringing of the telephonebecame clear almost at once.”The primary purpose of the implant is to allow munication withothers. When people spoke to Eagar, he heard their voices “ing through likea long-distance telephone call on a poor connection.” But when it came to hisbeloved music, the implant was of no help. When he wanted to appreciate music,Eagar played the piano. He said, “I play the piano as I used to and hear it inmy head at the same time. The movement of my fingers and the feel of the keysgive added ‘clarity’ to hearing in my head.”Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear again in a way that is notperfect, but which can change their lives. Still, as Michael Eagar discovered,when it es to musical harmonies, hearing is irrelevant. Even the mostamazing cochlear implants would have been useless to Beethoven as heposedhis Ninth Symphony at the end of his life.German researchers have 1 a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection 2 sudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually asa result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases 3 by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have 4 suffered a heart attack, and foryears the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing 5 disruption to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices 6 a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator 7 of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG.within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of 8 blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the FraunhoferInstitute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new puter software that renders of ECG data 9 .The overwhelming 10 of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only 11 into aount a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use 12 a non-linear process that reveals thechaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and plex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “ 13 changes in the heartbeats over time can be monitored and individual variationsi n patients taken into aount.” An old study of ECG data, based 14 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to pare risks and to show 15 the new software evaluates the data considerably better.1.A e up B e up with C e up to D e up against2.A to B for C with D from3.A are caused B caused C are to cause D have been causing4.A easily B readily C frequently D already5.A disease-producing B health-improving C life-threatening D error-correcting6.A take in B take after C take on D take from7.A capable B able C skillful D skilled8.A chronic B acute C recurrent D persistent9.A precisely B more precisely C precision D more precise10.A maximum B minimum C majority D minority11.A get B take C bring D fetch12.A of B with C for D in13.A Similarly B In this manner C Otherwise D In this way14.A in B for C upon D with15.A what B where C that D when。
2014年教材电子版B级阅读理解部分第17-33篇17 Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a BoostEating potatoes is not only good for bowel health，but also for the whole immune system，especially when they come in the form of a potato salad or eaten cold. In a study on an animal model，researchers in Spain found that pigs fed large quantities of raw potato starch (RPS)1 not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease，generally when the body is challenged.The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.2 The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative of reduced levels of inflammation ‟ but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte density and lymphocyte apoptosis is surprising.In what was the longest study of its kind，pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to find out the effect of starch on bowel health. "The use of raw potato starch in this experiment is designed to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch, ” said study leader Jose Francisco Perez at the Universit at Autonoma de Barcelona3，Spain. Humans do not eat raw potatoes，but they do eat a lot of foods that contain resistant starch，such as cold boiled potatoes，legumes，grains，green bananas，pasta and cereals. About 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starch 一starch that is not digested in the small intestine and so is shunted into the large intestine where it ferments. Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)4.Immunology expert Lena Ohman's team previously found that the overall lymphocyte levels do not vary for IBS patients, but that lymphocytes are transferred from the peripheral blood to the gut, which support the hypothesis of IBS being at least partially an inflammatory disorder. She says the decrease in lymphocytes observed by the Spanish is therefore interesting, and a diet of resistant starch may be worth trying in IBS patients. Ohman is currently at the Department of Internal Medicine, Goteborg University, Sweden5. The study is published in the journal Chemistry and Industry, the magazine of the SCI6.词汇：boost /burst/ vt. 8cn,提高，举起bowel /'bau^l/ n.(常用复数）肠salad /'saebd/ n.色拉（西餐中的一种凉拌菜）Spain /spein/ n.西班牙starch /staitj/ n.淀粉leucocyte /'1( j)uik9sait/ n.白细胞lymphocyte / 丨limfosait/ n.淋巴细胞inflammation / 丨infb丨meijan/ n.炎，炎症；发炎部位down-regulation n.下调，向卞调节Spanish /'spaenij/ adj,西班牙的indicative /in'dikstiv/ adj.指示性的；象征性的；预示性的density /'denssti/ n.密度apoptosis /,aep9p't9usis/ n.细胞凋亡（细胞的自然死亡）simulate /'simjuleit/ vt 模仿，模拟resistant /ri'zistsnt/ adj.有抵抗力的；耐久的Barcelona /丨ba:si丨buns/ n.巴塞罗那（西班牙港市）legume /'legjuim^i'gjuim/ n.豆，（豆）荚pasta /'paests/ n.意大禾!j 面食cereal /'sisri^l/ n.(常用复数）（作为主粮的）谷物类digest /di'd3est,dai-/ v.消化intestine /in'testin/ n.(常用复数）肠shunt /jAnt/ v.(使）分流ferment /'f3:ment/ v.(使）发酵immunology /iimjui'nDbdsij-mju-/ n.免疫学peripheral /ps'nfsrol/ adj.周围的;表面的gut /gAt/ n.肠hypothesis /hai'pD0isis/ n.(学说的）假设，假定inflammatory /in'flaemstori/ adj.发炎的，炎性的注释：1. raw potato starch (RPS)：未经加工的土豆淀粉2. The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.西班牙研究者们所观察到的白血球水平整体下调意味着未经加工的土豆淀粉具有全面的有益作用，也就是总的来说身体是更加健康。
3. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona是西班牙一个少数民族语——加泰隆语，意为“巴塞罗那自治大学”。
这是该大学的原名。
4. irritable bowel syndrome (IBS):肠易激综合征5. Department of Internal Medicine, Goteborg University, Sweden:瑞典哥德堡大学内科医学系6. SCI (Science Citation Index):科学引文索引。
美国科学信息研究所1961年创办出版的引文数据库。
练习：1 What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body?A Potato soup.B Potato cake.C Potato salad.D Hot boiled potato.2 What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean?A It may mean the reduced levels of inflammation.B It may mean somewhere in the body is inflamed.C It means that the body is challenged.D It means that the body cannot produce leucocytes any more.3 For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment?A They wanted to observe how the leucocyte levels reduced in the experimental pigs.B They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch.C They wanted to see how much potato an experimental pig ate every day.D They wanted to see how much body weight each experimental pig gained in the end.4All of the following foods are rich in resistant starch EXCEPTA pasta.B grains.C legumes.D vegetables.5What a kind of starch is resistant starch after all?A It may cause irritable bowel syndrome.B It may bring about at least partially inflammatory disorder.C It may raise leucocyte and lymphocyte levels in the body.D It cannot be digested in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine.1. C短文开头第一句就说,“吃土豆有益于肠道健康，而且对整个免疫系统也有益,尤其是吃土豆色拉或凉吃”，因此在四个选项中最有营养的非C项莫属。
