大学英语六级考试(CET6)历年阅读试题译文
历年六级试题阅读译文
1999年1月六级试题译文
Passage one
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很多美国人对有关食物的多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张的观点。马萨诸塞—阿姆赫特大学食品科学及营养系主任佛卡斯·克拉斯代尔直率地说，如果被细菌污染的鸡肉的危险像一些人认为的那样大，“大街上就会到处躺满中毒的人。”
虽然公众越来越要求安全食品，但世界上没有这样的东西。伯克利的加里福尼亚大学生物化学系主任布鲁斯·阿密兹指出，一棵植物中多达10%的重量是天然杀虫剂。他说：“植物没有嘴和牙齿来保护自己，它们就使用化学战。”许多自然生成的化学物质虽然量很小，但实验室化验却证明是强致癌物——可引起癌症的物质。如果用食品添加剂的标准来衡量，蘑菇就会被禁止食用。康乃尔大学的营养学家克利斯蒂娜·斯达克断言：“我们从食物中获得的天然化学物质比任何人造的东西都糟糕得多。”
然而问题并不那么简单。尽管美国人没理由害怕坐在餐桌旁，但他们完全有理由要求食物和饮水安全有明显改进。他们不知不觉地、不情愿地吸收了大量各种各样的危险化学物。要是食物中已经含有天然致癌物，再加上几十种新的人造致癌物就不大明智了。虽然大多数人能抵抗食物和水里的少量污染物，但至少一天少数人会因吃喝的东西而患癌症。
为使食物和供水质量更高，政府需提高管理标准，严格检查计划并强化执行政策。食品工业应该修改某些人们长期接受的做法，或采用危险较小的做法。最重要的也许是消费者将不得不学习如何正确处理和烹制食物。需要解决从田间到加工场、再到厨房的整个食品供应过程中的全部问题。
Passage two
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有些地球现象可以预计，但有的人说磁场是个例外。磁场的强度波动，并从轴开始移动，每隔几十万年经历一次奇异的两极转换——这期间北极变成南极，南极变成北极。但磁场是怎么产生的?为什么如此不稳定?
两位法国地球物理学家的开创性研究为揭示这一奥秘提供了一些线索。利用80米深海沉淀物的核心，他们测出了历时400万年，11次两极转换期间的磁场强度。分析显示，强度的波动看来有明显、准确的节奏。虽然短期内磁场强度变化不规则，但似乎每次两极转换前都有一个不可避免的漫长衰落过程。当两极转换后——一个历时几十万年的过程，磁场迅速恢复其强度，循环便重新开始。
这些结果引起了地球物理学家们的震惊。人们认为磁场源于地表下3000公里处地核外层熔化的铁。通过研究各种岩石和粘土等物质中发现的矿物颗粒，以前的研究者已经能够识别上溯一亿七千万年以来的两极转换，包括最近73万年前的那次转换。然而，这种转换是如何发生的?为什么会发生?科学家们争论激烈。有几种理论把两极转换同陨星碰撞这种外来灾难联系起来。但是，在巴尔的摩的约翰斯—霍布金斯大学的地球物理学家彼得·奥尔森说，如果法国研究者正确的话，这几种理论就不可能成立了。奥尔森说，实际上两次转换间预计的衰落强度同90%的现行研究模式相矛盾。如果这些结果证明正确，地球物理学家将会有一种新理论来指导他们探索地球内部物理学。它的确为将来的研究指出了方向。
Passage Three
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请想象一个突然没有情感的世界——在那个世界上人类感觉不到爱和幸福，也感觉不到恐怖和憎恨。试想这种变化的后果。人们也许不能活下去：既不知道喜悦也不知道快乐，既不知道焦虑也不知道恐惧，他们可能会不断重复伤害自己的行为，就像不断重复对他们有益的行为一样。他们什么也学不到：他们不能从经验中受益，因为这个没有情感的世界既无奖励也无惩罚。人类社会很快会消失：因为人们可能相互伤害，就像相互帮助和支持一样。人际关系不复存在：在一个没有朋友和敌人的世界里，伙伴间不可能有婚姻和爱，群体间也没有纽带。社会经济支柱被摧毁：因为挣1000万美元同挣10美元一样不高兴，所以没有工作动力。实际上，做任何事都有动力。因为正如我们马上会看到的，动力意味着享有它们的一种能力。
在这样一个世界上，人类生存下去的可能性几乎为零，因为情感是我们生存和应变的基本手段。情感以一种重要的方式为我们构建了世界。作为个人，我们以情感为基础对事物进行分类。确实，我们要考虑物体的长度、形状、大小或质地，但比起它为我们做过什么或能做什么——伤害我们、令我们吃惊、使我们生气或者使我们快乐，物体的物理特征就退居其次了。在家庭、团体和社会中，我们的划分也带情感色彩。源于对事物及事件情感的经历，我们产生了对事物和行为“好”与“坏”的社会认同感，我们把这种分类用于社会生活的每一方面——从我们吃的食物穿的衣服，到信守诺言及我们的群体认可哪些人。事实上，社会利用我们情感的反应和态度——如忠诚、道德、自豪、羞耻、内疚、恐惧和贪婪等——才得以维持。社会对做重要工作的人——如外科医生——给予很高的报酬，把有非凡业绩或在危
险职业中有功劳的人——如战争中驾驶战斗机的人——尊为英雄，而且运用法律和刑法制度使人们不敢从事反社会活动。
Passage Four
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卡耐基财团的报告说，很多高校竭力想“所有人所有东西都学”。在此过程中，它们越来越迎合思想狭隘的职业教育，而没有培养学生开阔的视野。报告认为，当前危机并非来自使学习以生产为目的这一合理愿望。问题是，在太多的学科中，学习是孤立的;技能变成了目的，而不是手段。学校向学生提供很多选择，允许他们选择获得学位的方法。总之，由于职业教育的驱动，“全国高等院校在提供文凭方面比向学生提供素质教育更成功。”报告得出结论：本科院校所面临的特殊挑战之一是构建公共课程的“完整核心”。这样的核心课程会向学生介绍“跨学科的关联基本知识，最终引导他们把知识应用于社会。”
虽然优秀大学的关键是高质量的教师队伍，但卡耐基财团的研究发现，多数院校在鼓励优秀教学方面所做甚微。实际上，它们还做了很多损害教学的事情。正如一位教授所言：“我们被告之教学重要，然而教师们都知道，研究和出版著作最要紧。”毫不奇怪，在过去20年中，大学有一半4年制的本科生不能毕业。献身教学的教师很快发现他们不能终身受聘、提升或大幅度加薪。然而70%的教师说，他们对教学比对研究更有兴趣。另外，青年教师常抱怨说“对出版著作有压力，尽管管理层和同事实际上对出版东西的内容毫无兴趣。”
Part IV Short Answer Questions
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许多家长赞成孩子关掉电视，多花一些时间和家人呆在一起，但是他们仍然担心没有电视孩子会缠着自己和他们一起玩。家长们记得小时候想出各种各样的事情来做。但是，他们的孩子却似乎不同，主意不那么多。这些家长遗憾地注意到，当无事可做时，他们的孩子除了打开电视似乎想不出别的事可做。
例如，一个父亲说“我小时候，我们总能想出事情来，包括学习、活动和游戏。我们绝不会向父母亲抱怨，‘我无事可干’!”他拿自己的童年与他的孩子作了比较：“他们只不过是懒惰。如果没有人和他们一块玩，他们就会整天看电视。”
这位父亲的话可以用一个词来概括，即“不公平”。他好像是说他对孩子不会读希腊语而感到失望，尽管他们从未学过希腊语。他对孩子缺乏创造力而感到遗憾，好像他的孩子缺少一种先天的会娱乐的本领。事实上，虽然对玩耍的偏好是人类生来就有的，可是娱乐的实
际本领(想象力、创造力以及调侃现实的能力)以及从中获得满足的本领，是通过后天习得和培养出来的。
这种希望不仅是不公平的，而且是有害的。感觉到父母亲失望的孩子会认为他们自己的确缺乏某些东西，使得他们不值得别人羡慕和尊重。所以应该给孩子提供机会锻炼思路，扩大视野，自己从中获得乐趣，用这种办法来帮助他们培养自信心，认为他们自己是能干的、有兴趣的人。
1999年6月六级试题译文
Passage One
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我们有时认为惟有人类易受忧虑伤害，但紧张情绪似乎也影响了低级动物的免疫系统。例如，在一次实验中，丹佛大学的行为免疫学家马克·朗顿斯拉格对24只老鼠进行了轻微的电击。一半老鼠能通过转动笼子里的一个轮子切断电源，而另一半却不能。朗顿斯拉格将两组老鼠配成对，每次一只老鼠转动轮子，它就能保护自己和无能为力的伙伴免遭电击。朗顿斯拉发现，无能为力的老鼠免疫反应降至正常以下，但那些能够切断电流的老鼠却没有。他认为，他所证明的是缺乏控制事件的能力会削弱免疫系统，而非经历本身。
其他研究者也同意他的看法。杜克大学医学院的心理学家琼·伟斯已经证明：被允许控制不快刺激的动物不出现睡眠障碍，大脑化学成分也不发生变化，这些正是老鼠紧张的典型表现。但是，如果动物遭遇过不能控制的情况，以后它们面对能控制的事件时行为就会被动。这些发现加强了心理学家的猜疑，无助的经验或感知是压抑情绪中最有害的因素之一。
心情改变免疫反应最令人惊讶的例子之一是偶尔发现的。1975年，罗切斯特大学医学院的心理学家罗伯特·阿德通过同时给老鼠喂糖精和注射抑制免疫系统的药使其胃部不适，使老鼠形成条件反射避开糖精。因为把糖精和胃痛联系起来，老鼠很快就学会避开糖精。为消除对糖精的厌恶，阿德再次给这些老鼠喂糖精，但这次没给药;他惊讶地发现一些老鼠死了，这些老鼠在以前形成条件反射期间吃的糖精最多。他只能这样推测：他成功地使老鼠形成条件反射，现在仅用削弱其免疫系统的糖精就足以使其致死。
Passage Two
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破坏自然资源和污染食物的事不断发生，这主要是因为对那些不顾后果肆意破坏环境的人难以追究法律责任。通过立法、经济刺激和善意劝说等防止污染的努力遇到诉讼、个人和企业的否认及旷日持久的拖延——不仅在接受责任方面，更重要的是在有关其处理方面。
看来只有当政府决定采取税收优惠或牺牲生产时，才会主动改变。保护人类的伟大宝库是一项最重要的责任，企业和我们对此的共识何在?如果有环境卫生专业人员到第一线来领导解决环境问题的时刻，这时刻便是现在。
人们正在要求我们，实际上，公众正在命令我们采取积极行动。作为环保专业人员，我们的责任是要改变现状。是的，生态学家、环境保护活动家和资源保护者起沟通刺激人们思想、促进行为变化的作用。然而，正是我们这些人领取了报酬来决定发展、改善和执行环境保护标准，我建议、我们必须负起领导责任。
我们必须认识到环境健康问题并不局限于城市以内、县界、州界甚至联邦边界。在方法上我们再不能目光狭隘了。我们必须从各方面看待问题，以作出客观的决策。我们必须清楚地表达我们的观点，以防媒体曲解和公众迷惑。
我认为，目前我们有三方面任务。第一，我们必须继续主张高质量的生活，这一点人们自己可以做到。第二，我们必须调查，并搞清环境和健康之间的关系。第三，我们必须能够以公民能理解的形式传播技术信息。如果我们能在这个10年内完成这三个目标，也许我们最终能使环境停止恶化，而不仅仅是控制它。那时，我们就能把治理污染的钱真正用于预防，而不是用于补救。
Passage Three
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在学生数量大幅度增加的重压下，英国的大学呻吟着警告：免费教育的传统正处于危险之中。大学威胁说，如果政府不采取行动改善其经济状况，放弃削减公共开支的计划，他们将向学生收学费以弥补学校收入的不足。
政府对大学威胁的反应是让无党派调停人瑞·迪厄英爵士负责评估近三十年来高等教育的基本状况。
三个中学毕业生中有一个进入高等学校，数量是30年前上次调查时的5倍。
大家都认为，一个系统迅速扩充后感到紧张，需要更多的资金;但几乎没有希望从纳税人那里获得，从企业吸引更多资金的机会也不大。
2018年春季大学英语四六级作文预测 第一部分写作的形式 1.字数 2.段落 3.整洁 第二部分写作的内容 第一节四六级写作核心表达 第一段核心表达： 1.生动地vividly 2.描述describe 3.图画/作者/名言/故事picture 4.显示/表明show,suggest 5.越来越多/越来越 6.关注/忽略pay attention to; 7.重要性importance 8.发人深省的 9.反映reflect 10.字幕,主题subtitle;topic 第二段核心表达： 1.现象 2.解释explain 3.如今nowadays 4.信息技术/高科技/文化information technology 5.导致/影响cause;influence 6.尝试try to do sth. 7.传递send 8.推论infer 9.吸引注意attract attention 10.必要性，至关重要，扮演角色
第三段核心表达： 1.采取措施take measures to(moves--immediate moves) 2.加强意识strengthen the awareness(enhance the consciousness) 3.制定法律/规章make laws and rules(legislation and regulation) 4.采取理性态度take a rational attitude(Take an objective attitude is vitally important.对吗？) 5.解决问题solve the problem（address the issue) 6.强调/重视emphasize(attach importance to/place importance on) 7.个人成长personal growth 8.社会发展social development 9.学业职业academic studies and career development 10.经验视野enrich our experience and broaden our horizon 第二节写作核心句法 1.As,which引导的非限 As is()depicted by the cartoon,a couple is(),()rubbish into the lake,with the()showing the()of environmental consciousness,which is () 2.同位语从句与定语从句 The picture()a phenomenon that pollution is becoming increasingly severe. This picture()a phenomenon that is well-known to us all. 3.虚拟语气 It is high time that we should take moves. It is imperative that we(should)take moves. 4.独立主格结构 Tangible is teaching,talking with her students,(). 随着社会的发展： 随着问题变得严峻： 综上所述： 5.分词与不定式（被动）作后置定语 解释问题的原因： 环境扮演的角色： 要考虑的因素：
一、红楼梦 《红楼梦》由曹雪芹和高鹗所著。小说以贾氏家族为故事核心，描述了贾家从一个富裕、有权有势的家族沦落为破落家庭的过程。小说成功塑造了100多个经典人物，他们分属于清朝的不同阶层。《红楼梦》对中国的封建社会有深刻的描绘,如果要了解中国人复杂的价值观,最好先能读懂《红楼梦》。毛主席评价道：“《红楼梦》不仅是爱情故事，也是历史故事，因为它描述了封建时代的兴败。”【翻译词汇】《红楼梦》A Dream of Red Mansions;由…所著be attributed to; 家族clan;富裕affluent;权势prestige;沦落为descend to;塑造portray; 阶层rank;封建社会feudal society;复杂complexity 【精彩译文】A Dream of Red Mansions is attributed to Cao Xueqin and Gao-E. The author chose Jia Clan as the focus, depicting how an affluent and influential family with prestige lost its favor and descended to crash. In the novel, about 100 classic characters are successfully portrayed. These characters concern people of all ranks in the Qing Dynasty. A Dream of Red Mansions is a remarkable story about Chinese feudal society. To understand Chinese values in all its complexity, one can do no better than to read A Dream of Red Mansions. “It is not only a love story, but also a history story, because it describes the success and failure of the feudal period,”said Chairman Mao. 二、京剧 京剧被奉为中国的国粹，来源于18世纪晚期的安徽和湖北的当地剧种。京剧是中国所有剧种中最有影响力和代表性的，在中国乃至世界享有声誉。京剧完美融合了多种艺术形式。京剧集传统音乐、舞蹈、诗歌、杂耍、武术于一身，以华丽的戏服、逼真的脸谱和程式化的演出套路而闻名。京剧脸谱上每一种图形和亮丽的颜色都有象征意义：红色表示忠诚，蓝色表示残暴，黑色表示正直。【翻译词汇】 京剧Peking Opera;国粹national opera;有代表性representative 完美融合harmonious combination;杂耍acrobatics 武术martial arts;华丽的戏服exquisite costume 脸谱make-up or painted face;象征的symbolic;忠诚loyalty 残暴cruelty;正直honesty 【精彩译文】Known as China’s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces. Peking Opera is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world. Peking Opera is a harmonious combination of many art forms. It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts. It is famous for its exquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and established performing conventions and rules. Each of
2015年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第1套) 六级写作 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying"Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it. " You can give an example or two to illustrate your point of view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 听力选择题 Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After
each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A., B., C. and D ), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A. Prepare for his exams. B. Catch up on his work. C. Attend the concert. D. Go on a vacation. 2. A. Three crew members were involved in the incident. B. None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons. C. The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan. D. None of the passengers were injured or killed. 3. A. An article about the election.
大学英语六级翻译练习题 Translation One (5minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72. From what you would get angry with you friends, we can conclude you still ( 在意他的友情). 73. Man might think that few women fit him before his marriage, and ( 结婚后觉得适合自己的女人很多). 74. Among thousands of people ,you meet those you've met. Through thousands of years, with the boundlessness of time ( 没有早一步, 也没有晚一步, 刚巧赶上了). 75. Everyone has his inherent ability which is easily . ( 被习惯所掩盖, 被时间所迷离, 被惰性所消磨). 76. While our dream is confronted with the reality ,you always feel painful. Just trample on the pain, ( 要么你把痛苦踩在脚下). Translation Two (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72.Scientists will have to _________________________________________________(提出增 加世界粮食供应的新方法). 73.The medicine _____________________________________________________(治愈了那 个老妇人的慢性咳嗽) which she had suffered 20 years. 74.Sometimes I fight for Mom and sometimes I fight for Dad, but I wish ________________________________________________________ (他们能让我从中完全解脱出来). 75.Many people believe that our species ___________________________________________ (有朝一日会濒临灭绝). 76.The doctor said that __________________________________________________ (保持饮 食均衡很重要). Translation Three ( five minutes) 72. He did very well in his exams , _________________________(考虑到他学的很少). 73. Beijing has announced that _________________________(在任何请光下，中国将不首先使
2020年英语六级听力备考讲义与笔记(一)资料的选择： 1、听力原题 2、TOEFL的听力 3、《走遍美国》、《探索》、《国家地理》 听力结构： Section A：10个短对话 Section B：3个段子;复合式听写(很少考) 类型题： 比如：Would you go to dance with me tonight?去不去干…… 回答Yes/No.以及理由。 Would you go with us? Would you join us? Would you go with me? Do you wanna come? Wanna come? 应试听力提升的三个层次： 1、听懂原文 2、搞清考题之间的类型关系 3、判断出是什么考题 听力遇到的问题： 一、语音问题： 连读：跟读提升口语，考试时不太重要，注意听重读。 二、态度方向： 测试：I'm upset. × I'm overjoyed. √ I'm beside myself with joy. √ I'm in the blues. ×
I f eel high today. √ I feel down recently. × 三、口语话问题： 语气(升降调、重读) 例句：Something just hit the front window. What?(什么东西呀?你说什么(没听清)?惊奇，生气。) 例句：He was my boyfriend. 考校园生活： 学生：异性(同学关系)、同性(室友关系) 口语词汇 tape 胶带(邮局场景) cassette 磁带 project 作业 =assignment awful 糟糕的 terrific 特棒的 awesome 特棒的 I see. 我明白。 I can tell that. 我能看得出。 I understand that. 我听说。 I have got ... 我有…… have to = have got to (gotta) be going to = be gonna want to = wanna tell him I'll take this book. 表示买 I won't buy that. 我不信。buy=believe 四、场景问题： 1、如何出考题 2、如何判断场景(场景线索词) 例如：book(校内：Libary;校外：bookstore)
2014年6月英语六级翻译新题型模拟题 （1）原文： 中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口约占世界总人口的22%。在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因,贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长，但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发，极大地缓解了贫困现象。 参考答案 China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22 percent of the world’s total. For a long period of its history, China has been plagued by poverty for various reasons. In the mid-1980s, the economy of an overwhelming majority of the rural areas in China grew dramatically by virtue of their own advantages, but a small number of areas still lagged behind because of the constraints of their economic, social, historical, and natural conditions. The Chinese government, while working on all-round economic and social development, has nationwide implemented a large-scale program for development-oriented poverty relief in a planned and organized way. With the main objective of helping poverty-stricken people solve
2018年英语六级考试试题及答案 PartⅠWriting 1.【题干】For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between business and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. 150-200 words. 【答案】Without a doubt, a mutually-trusted relation between businesses and consumers is important for the two parties. First of all, though business is objective, cooperation is relatively subjective. Only when a consumer believe in what a businessman is selling, he or she could decide to buy something from the man. In reality, I have seen too many consumers purchase or refuse one commodity only because they like or dislike the salesman who they meet, especially when they are in a bad mood. Secondly, when one businessman consider that a customer trusts him, he would feel honored and satisfied thereby giving more preference to the customer. Naturally, when one businessman offers the best quality goods and the best prices to a customer, the customer has no excuse to refuse the businessman. Once such relation informed, both the two parties gain profit from it Hence, both businesses and consumers should work together to form a reciprocal relation. PartⅢReading Section A
2014年英语六级 2014年英语六级翻译题型全面解析 一、汉译英应试原则和基本程序 (一)汉译英应试原则 手法灵活(如遇难译之处，换用其它相近说法表达) 语法正确(避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误) 内容忠实(必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来，不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删) 语言闪光(译文符合英语表达习惯，且用词准确、多样) (二)汉译英基本程序 1.理解通读并透彻理解原文含义 2.翻译确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词 3.审校首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译;其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正。 二、汉译英专项练习 一、倍数增减的表示法 1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). 2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). 3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). 4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). 5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). 二、时态 1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). 2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). 4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). 5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). 三、被动语态
大学英语 四六级考试
英语表音，汉语表义（谐音法记忆）： 1. trivial 琐碎的，不重要的 tricycle 三轮车 triangle 三角形 2. vigor 精力，活力 3. naive 天真的 4. quaint 古怪的；acquaint with 对什么熟悉 5. Long time no see. 好久不见。 6. I will shanghai you. 我要伤害欺骗你。 7. ponderous 笨重的 8. liberty 自由 9. blush 脸红 10. amorous 好色的，情爱的；amorous letter 情书 词根词缀法记忆： -clude = close v. -clusive adj. -clusion n. include 包括 inclusive adj. inclusion n. exclude 把……排除在外 conclude 得出结论 preclude 防止，杜绝 词义偏： 1、一词多义： delicate 【林黛玉的N个特征】脆弱的，娇弱的；（颜色）淡淡的，（味道）淡淡的；细腻的皮肤；精致的；纤细的；精细的（尤指眼科手术） 2、同音异形词： she a r 剪 she e r 完全的 compl e ment 补充 compl i ment 赞扬 isolate 使孤立，使隔离 3、完全同义词（同时出现均不是答案）： bewilder, confuse, puzzle 令人迷惑的，令人困惑的 4、短语动词 记忆类型： 视觉型：重复写下来 听觉型：自己录自己的讲解
混合型：记情节，细节911事件故事： 1. clash 撞击；冲突 2. crash 坠毁 3. smash 击碎，打碎 4. ash 废墟 5. abash 羞愧 6. cash 现金 avarice 贪婪 gaze 凝视 gazelle 瞪羚
公益广告(public service advertisement)指为社会公众的利益和社会风尚服务的广告。它不以盈利为目的，属于非商业性广告，是社会公益事业(cause of the public good)的重要组成部分。公益广告的主题一般取材于老百姓的日常生活，如健康、安全和环保等。目的是提高公众的道德意识，改变公众对社会问题的态度。中国最早的公益广告出现在1986年。随后，公益广告的社会影响力逐渐增强。去年,中央电视台举办了首次电视公益广告大赛，呼吁社会各界关注并参与公益事业。 参考翻译: Public service advertisement refers to the advertisement that serves the interests of the public and social fashion. As a significant part of the cause of the public good, it is noncommercial and does not aim at making profit. The themes of public service advertisements generally come from the daily life of ordinary people, such as health, safety and environment objectives are raising public awareness of ethics and changing public attitudes towards social issues. The earliest public service advertisement in China appeared in 1986. From then on, its social influence heightened gradually. Last year, CCTV hosted China' s first public service advertising competition, appealing to people in all walks of life to concern about and participate in the cause of the public good. 越来越多来自北京、上海、广州、沈阳和其他一些大城市的大学生选择毕业后就结婚。这与20世纪80年代和90年代的情况形成了鲜明的对比，那时候很多城市的年轻人都推迟结婚，直到他们的年龄“足够大”—在30多岁甚至40多岁的时候。许多人花时间寻找有着良好的经济背景或好看的相貌的配偶，而不是寻找爱情。然而，这些选择毕业后就结婚的学生的父母必须照顾这些小夫妻的日常起居，因为这些年轻人仍然在探索如何作为一家人来生活。 参考译文： University students in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenyang and some other big cities are increasingly choosing to get married right after is in sharp contrast to the situation in the 1980s and 1990s when many urban youngsters put off marriage until they were “old enough”一in their 30s or even spent their time looking for spouses with good economic backgrounds or attractive faces,instead of looking for ,parents of these students choosing to get married right after graduating have to take care of the couples' daily affairs,as the young people are still figuring out how to live as a family.
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/9e16771318.html,/wenkxd.htm（报名网址） 综合题，请根据题目给出的内容，来回答下面给出的试题。Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part, Each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (JAL) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called each victim’s family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary of Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post. These executive actions, which Toshiba calls “the highest form of apology,”may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash, which may have been caused by a faulty Boeing repair. The difference between the two business cultures centers around different definitions of delegation. While US executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority—the responsibility is still theirs. Although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive technology to the Soviets had its own management, the Toshiba top executives said they “must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmosphere throughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable, even in an independently run subsidiary.” Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when their students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business. Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame “almost a feudal (封建的) way of purging (清除) the community of dishonor,”and to some in the United States, such resignations look cowardly. However, in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility, many US managers would probably welcome an infusion (灌输) of the Japanese sense of responsibility, If, for instance,
2014年6月英语六级真题翻译答案 翻译一：2014年6月英语六级翻译答案（中文热词） 中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。 土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人，也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英语词典，至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。 【点评】 本篇翻译内容为“热词”反映社会现象，可见汉译英的选材范围包括中国文化、社会、经济、政治、科技等等各个方面，在备考时要注重全面，而且要注重平时的积累。相信对社会热点有所关注的话都能够准确理解原文内容，但是其中一些俗语的表达，比如“花钱如流水”等，要学会“意译”，表达出词语内涵而不是字对字翻译。 【参考译文】 Chinese buzzwords usually mirror changes and culture in the society, and some of them are increasingly used by foreign media. For example, though old word they are, tuhao and dama have taken on new meanings now。 The word "tuhao" originally means urban lords who bully tenants and servants, but now it refers to rich people who enjoy squandering and flaunting their fortune. In other words, tuhao has much money but little taste. Meanwhile, originally meaning middle-aged women, the word "dama" is used to refer in particular to those Chinese women who snapped up gold when the price of gold plunged not long ago。 It is likely that the two words will be included in the newest edition of the Oxford English Dictionary. Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been listed in it and became part of the English language。 翻译二：2014年6月英语六级翻译答案（中国科学院） 最近中国科学院(Chinese Academy of Science)出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一年展望的年度系列报告。系列报告包括三部分：科学发展报告，高技术发展报告，中国可持续战略报告。第一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现，诸如新粒子研究与H7N9病毒研究的突破。该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题。第二份报告公布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计，以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍，并促进节能减排。
大学英语六级阅读讲义 第一部分（补充阅读） Text 1 Aristotle wrote that men come together in cities to live, but stay in them to live the good life. It was the Greeks who invented the idea of the city, and urbanity continues as a thriving tradition. But in the first decade of the 21st century, urban life is changing. “Cities are now junctions in the flows of people, information, finance and freight,” says Nigel Harris, a professor of development planning. “They’re less and less places where people live and work.” The enlargement of the European Union in December in 2002 has given residents of up to 13 new member nations freedom of movement within its borders. At the same time, an additional 13.5 million immigrants a year will be needed in the EU just to keep a stable ratio between workers and pensioners over the next half century. All this mobility will make Europe’s cities nodes of nomadism, linked to each other by high-speed trains and cheap airline flights. The bustle around airports and train stations will make the crowds in Europe’s great piazza look thin by comparison. Urban designers, with a freshly pricked interest in transience rather than stasis, are even now dreaming up cityscapes that focus on flows of people and fungible uses for buildings. Public spaces are due for a revamp. Earlier architects conceived of train stations as single buildings; today’s designers are thinking of them as transit zones that link to the city around them, pouring travelers into bus stations and surrounding shops, In Amsterdam, urban planner Ben van Berkel, co-director of the design firm of UN Studio, has developed what he calls Deep Planning Strategy, which inverts the traditional “top-down” approach: the creation of a space comes before the flow of people through it. With 3-D modeling and ani mation, he’s able to look at different population groups use public spaces at different times of the day. He uses the data to design spaces that accommodate mobs at rush hour and sparser crowds at other times. The growing mobility of Europe has inspired a debate about the look and feel of