宾语从句学案
宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：
一、引导词
A、由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear, feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无
词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。
eg. I told him that he was wrong.
在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，TT时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不
用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。
eg. I don*t think you are right.（我认为你做的不对）
在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，thal引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾
语。
eg. We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone （我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的）
B、由连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if在从句中不做句子的
成分，一般情况下,whether和if可以替换。
eg. I don't know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
eg. Everything depends on whether we have enough money o
宾语从句中W or not时不用if引导.
eg. I don't know whether the movie star will come or not.
和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
eg. Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided.
C、由wh■引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where,why,how等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。
eg. Do you know which film they are talking about? （which 做定语）
I don't know where he lives, （where 做地点状语）
二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分eg.
I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
三、宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
既：主句是i般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。
主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从
句要用过去完成时态。
eg. 1). She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2). She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3). She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4). She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在肘态。
eg. The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
He told me that Japan is an island country.
Could you tell me...是用来征洵对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。
eg. Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?
注意事项：
由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。
eg. She said: "I have been to England before.”
She said that she had been to England before.
She asked me: "Do you like maths?”
She asked me if I liked maths.
宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一?个人时, 可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。
eg. I don't know what 1 should do next.
I don't know what to do next.
He didn't know where he would live.
He didn't know where to live.
A? what is their stockings in
C. where is their stocking in
5.Can you tell me?
A. when does the ship leave
C. when the ship leave
6.Can you tell me?
A? when did he comeCe when did he came
B? where is in their
stockings
De what in their stockings
Be when the ship will leave
D. when will the ship leave
Be when he cameDe he came
when
宾语从句专练
1.She asked me if I knew?
A. whose pen is it
B. whose pen it was C? whose pen it is D? whose pen was it
2.1don't know he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether
B. where
C. what
D. when
3.1don't know he will come tomorrow.he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if, whether
B. whether, whether
C. if, That
D. if, If 4> The small children don't know.
7.Can you tell me the radio ?
A. how did he mend B? what did he mend
C. how he mended D> what he mended
8.He asked his father?
A. where it happens B? where did it happen
C. how it happened D? how did it happen
9> I didn't know what colour.
A. is the bag
B. the bag is
C. was the bag D> the bag was
10. Could you tell me with the money?
A. how to do B> what should I do C. how should I do D. what I should do
IL Do you know during the coming summer holiday?
A. what will Tom do
B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do
D. what Tom did
12.1want to know?
A. what is his name
B. what's his name C? that his name is D. what his name is
13.Do you know I could pass the exam?
A. that
B. whether
C. what
D. which
14.Jim doesn't understand?
A? which is the way to the museum B? why his wife always goes shopping Ce what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping
15.…Could you tell me she is looking for?
A. that
B. whose
C. who D> which
16.Mr. King didn't know yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home B? when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home
D. when his son came home
17.Could you tell me the bike this morning?
A. how does he mend B? how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend
18.—Fm waiting for the maiL Do you know it will arrive?
…Usually it comes by 4: 00?
A. how B< where C. when D. what
19.—Excuse me, would you please tell me?
■■■Certainly. Go straight along here. It's next to a hospital*
A? how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office
C. how get to the post office
D. how could we get to the post office
20.…Can I help you?
…Yes. rd like a ticket to Mount Emei> Can you tell me take to get
there?
A. how soon will it
B. how soon it will
C. how long it will
D. how long will it 2L He wanted to know?
A. whether he speaks at the meeting
B. when the meeting would start
C. what he's going to do at the meeting
D. where would the meeting be held
22.…Could you tell me the Bamboo Garden?
…The day after tomorrow, I think.
A. when will you visit
B. when you will visit
C. when would you visit
D. when you would visit
23.Would you please tell me next, Mr Wang?
A> what should we do B. we should do what
C. what we should do
D. should we do what
24.You can't imagine when they received these nice Christmas
presents.
A. how they were excited
B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they
D. they were how excited
25.1want to know you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.
A. that
B. when
C. where D? whether
26.…Could you tell me?
—Sorry, I don't know. I was not at the meeting.
A? what does he say at the meeting B? what did he say at the meeting
C. what he says at the meeting
D. what he said at the meeting
27.—Could you tell me last night?
…Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home.
A? what you were doing B. what were you doing
C. what you are doing
D. what are you doing
28.The teacher asked the students?
A. if they were interested in dinosaurs
B. when was Albert Einstein born
C. what they will do with the computers D< how many trees they have planted
29.Every morning the patients are asked if their temperature taken.
A. they had had
B. have they had
C. they have had
D. had they had
30.It's up to you to decide you'll go there, by air or by road.
A. how B> why C. that D. when