Lesson 70 Red for danger 危险的红色
【Text】
During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself.When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.
【课文翻译】
在一次斗牛时，一个醉汉突然溜达到斗牛场中间，人们开始大叫起来，但醉汉却没有意识到危险。当时那公牛正忙于对付斗牛士，但突然它看见了醉汉，只见他正大声说着粗鲁的话，手里挥动着一顶红帽子。对挑衅显然非常敏感的公牛完全撇开斗牛士，直奔醉汉而来。观众突然静了下来，可这醉汉像是很有把握似的。当公牛逼近他时，他踉跄地住旁边一闪，牛扑空了。观众欢呼起来，醉汉向人们鞠躬致谢。然而，此时已有3个人进入斗牛场，迅速把醉汉拉到安全的地方。好像连牛也在为他感到遗憾，因为它一直同情地看着醉汉，直到他的背影消逝，才重新将注意力转向斗牛士。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
【生词讲解】
1.bullfight n. 斗牛（活动）
bull n. 公牛
cow n. 母牛，奶牛
ox 大公牛(oxen, pl. )
calf 小牛
bull market 牛市（股市行情很好）
bear market 熊市（股市行情不好）
bully n. 恃强凌弱的人
like a red rag（破布）to a bull 令人暴怒的事情2.drunk
1)n. (口) 醉酒者，醉鬼
drunkard n. 酒鬼，酒徒
(people who always gets drunk)
2) adj. 喝醉的(通常作表语)
e.g.: He was blind / dead drunk
他烂醉如泥
get drunk 喝醉了
as drunk as a lord 酩酊大醉
drink oneself drunk 一醉方休
3) adj. (因感动、高兴等)沉醉、陶醉的(常作表语)
eg. He is drunk with success.
他沉醉在胜利中
drunk with sth 沉醉，对...飘飘然，
drunk with power 因为权力忘乎所以
3. wander
1) v. 游荡、闲逛、漫步、溜达
wanderer 漂泊者，流浪汉
eg. He wandered in as if he has nothing to do .
他溜达进来好像他无事可做
eg.She was wandering up and down the road.
她在马路上来来回回的溜达
2)v.（指人、思想）走神，胡思乱想
eg. His mind is wandering.
他心不在焉
eg. She wanders in her conversation.
她的谈话杂乱无章
3). v. 迷路，迷途（常与off连用）
eg. The climbers wandered off in the mountains.
那些登山者在山里迷路了
4) v.（谈话）脱离正题，离题
eg. He wandered off the subject.
他说着说着离题了
wonder 想知道，惊讶，惊奇
eg. I wonder who he is.
我想知道他是谁
4. ring
1）n. 圆形竞技场地
bullring 斗牛场
circus ring 马戏场
2）n. 环，环状物
a wedding ring 结婚戒指
an engagement ring 订婚戒指
ring finger 无名指
3）v. 打电话，铃响
ring sb / call sb
eg. The telephone has being ringing for ten minutes.
电话铃足足响了10分钟了
5. unaware adj. 不知道的，未察觉的
be unaware of sth
be unaware that 没有意识到，没有察觉
eg. He was unaware of the danger.
= He was unaware that he was in danger.
他没有察觉到危险的存在
aware
1）adj. 察觉到的，知悉的
be aware of sth
be aware that ...
eg. He wasn't aware of the danger.
他没有察觉到危险的存在
eg. Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat ?
你意识到你坐在我的帽子上了吗？
2）adj. (对...)意识敏锐的，有...知识的
eg. She is a politically aware woman.
她是位政治意识敏锐的女性
6. remark
1）n. 意见，评论，感想，
rude remarks 粗话
2）v. （把感想、意见）说出，叙述，发言
（比say）正式
remark that
eg. She remarked that it was getting warmer and warmer.
她阐述到现在天气变得越来越热了。
eg. 'Money is the most important thing.' He remarked ironically.
他用嘲讽的口气说：“钱是最重要的东西。”
3）remark on / remark upon 就某事物发表意见
eg. The guests remarked on her new dress.
客人们就她的新连衣裙发表意见
7. apparently adv. 明显地(obviously)
apparent adj.
1) 显然的，明显的
eg. It was apparent to all of us that he was lying.
对大家来说很显然他在说谎
2) 外表的，表面的
an apparent advantage表面上的优点
eg In spite of her apparent indifference, she was warm-hearted.
表面上装作漠不关心，实际上很热心
3) It is apparent + to sb +that (对...而言)明显的是
eg. It is apparent to us that he hasn't done his work properly.
apparently adv.
1) 表面上，似乎
eg The car apparently slid around the corner.
这辆车似乎在转角处失控滑行
2) 明显地
eg. He is apparently right.
他明显是正确的。
8. sensitive adj. 敏感的，神经过敏的，易生气的，介意的（常与to+名词连用）eg . Mary is sensitive to smells.
玛丽对味道很敏感
eg . Mary has a sensitive ear.
玛丽的听觉很灵敏
★sensible adj.
1）明智的，有判断力的
a sensible man 通晓事理的人
2）可感觉到的
a sensible difference
★sense n. 意识；感觉
sense of humor 幽默感
common sense 常识
9. criticize v. 批评，评论
eg. She’s always criticizing her friend for being selfish.
她总是批评她的朋友太自私
critic n. 批评家, 鉴定家
critical adj. 批评的,危急的
a critical writer 评论家
a critical situation 危急的状况
10. charge
1）v要价，收费
eg. They charged us too much for repairs.
他们对维修费用要求太高
eg. How much do you charge for this dress?
这条裙子多少钱？
2）v. 指控，指责charge sb with
eg. The police charged him with murder. 警方指控他谋杀。
eg. He charged Gary with speeding.
他指控Gary 超速。
3）v. 猛攻，冲向，冲锋，向前冲
eg. The bull charged at the drunk.
公牛猛冲向醉汉
4）v. 照管，照料，负责be in charge of
eg . I am in charge of your English on Saturday morning.
我负责在周六上午的英语学习。
11. clumsily adv. 笨拙地
eg. He paints a flower clumsily.
clumsy adj. 笨拙的，笨手笨脚的
eg . He is clumsy with / at using chopsticks.
他用筷子笨手笨脚的。
12. bow
1）v. 鞠躬，欠身，低下（头等）
bow sb. in/out 鞠躬迎入/送出
eg. As she couldn’t answer the question, she bowed her head.
由于她无法回答出这个问题，她低下了头。
2) v. 让步，屈服，服从
eg. Why did you bow to their decision? He finally bowed before money and married the other girl.
你为什么屈服于他们的决定？他最后在金钱面前屈服了并且娶了另外一个女孩。
3) v. 压弯，压倒
eg. My mother is bowed with age.
我母亲因年老而腰弯背驼。
eg . The little tree is bowed with snow.
小树苗被雪压倒了。
4）n. He made a low bow 深鞠躬
make one’s bow (演员)初次露面
take a bow谢幕
13. safety n. 安全，安全地带
safety first 安全第一
safety – belt, seat – belt安全带
safe adj. 安全的
eg. It is safe to do 做...是安全的
eg. safe and sound 安然无恙
14. sympathetically adv. 同情地
sympathetic adj. 同情的
eg. She was very sympathetic when I failed in the exam.
be sympathetic to 同意
eg. He was sympathetic to our proposal.
他同意了我们的方案
sympathy n.同情，怜悯
feel sympathy for ...对...表示同情
sympathize v. (对某人) 同情，赞成
sympathize with sb 同情某人
【课文讲解】
1. During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring.
wander into somewhere溜达到某地
in the middle of sp 在***的中间
2. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger.
be unaware of… 不知道，没有觉察……
eg. She was unaware of the noise around her.
她没有察觉到周围的噪音
eg. I was unaware that you were coming.
我不知道你要来
3.The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the
drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap.
at the time/ then / at that time 当时
catch sight of… 突然看到……
eg. As I came out of the shop, I caught sight of Dan in the crowd.
当我走出商店时，我突然从人群中看到了Dan.
rude remarks 粗话who 引导定语从句，修饰drunk
4.Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at
the drunk.
(being) sensitive to criticism 省略了being的现在分词短语，作原因状语
forget all about 完全忘记
sensitive to criticism 对挑衅/批评敏感
charge at …向……攻击
5.The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself.
seem quite sure of ..显得对..相当有把握
be/feel sure of oneself 有自信心
eg. She’s always so sure of herself.
她总是充满自信
6.When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass.
get close to ... 靠近，逼近...
step aside 站到一边，让开，让位
step on 踩到
step in 请进，走进
in step 步调一致(out of step)
step by step 一步一步，逐步地
take an unusual step采取非常手段
watch your step!小心脚下，担心
7.The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed.
break into cheers 突然喝起彩来
break into… 突然发出，突然……起来
(tears, laughter, cheers, angry speech突然吵起来song突然唱起来)
eg. When Sally saw the woman wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse, she broke into laughter. 当Sally 看到那个女士戴着一顶像灯塔一样的帽子的时候，她怦然大笑起来。
break out 爆发
break up (关系)破坏，终止
8.By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the
drunk to safety.
drag v.
1. 拽
eg . We dragged the carpet out of the room.
2. 某物在地上拖着
eg. The bride’s dress dragged along behind her.
3. (强迫)拖，拉进
eg. She dragged the child out to the dentist’s
drag one’s feet/heels (口)故意拖延，拖着脚走
9.Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the
drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.
look on 旁观，观看
eg. Many people just looked on while the two men robbed a woman.
许多人就这么看着2个男人抢劫了一个女士。
out of the way 不碍事，不挡路
eg. While making meat pies, I always order the children to keep out of the way.
当我在做肉饼的时候，我总是命令孩子们不要碍事。
turn one's attention to 转移注意力
【关键词组摘录】
1. wander into
2. be unaware of
3. be busy with
4. at the time
5. catch sight of
【Key structure】
一介词搭配寒假首要背诵任务。
1.与for连用的形容词：
eager for (渴望) 6. rude remarks
7. be sensitive to
8. be sure of
9. step aside to
10. break into cheers
11. feel sorry for sb.
enough for (足够)
famous for (以……而闻名)
fit for (合适)
grateful for/to (因……而感激)
qualified for/in (能胜任)
ready for/to (准备好)
responsible for (对……负责)
sorry for (对……感到遗憾)
sufficient for (充足的)
thankful for/to (感谢)
valid for (有效期为……)
2. 与with 连用的形容词：
angry with sb./at sth. (因某人或某事生气)
busy with/at (忙于……)
consistent with (与……一致)
content with (对……满足)
familiar with/to (与……熟悉)
patient with (有耐心)
popular with (为……所喜爱)
3. 与of 连用的形容词：
afraid of(害怕) ahead of(在……前面) aware of(知道) capable of(能够)
careful of/with(小心) certain of(确信) conscious of(意识到) envious of(妒忌) fond of(爱好) guilty of(有……罪的)
ignorant of(不了解) independent of(
jealous of(妒忌) kind of/to(对……和蔼) short of(缺乏) worthy of(值得)
shy of(顾虑) sure of(肯定) north/south/east/west of(在……的北/南/东/西面)
4. 与to 连用的形容词：
close to(接近于) contrary to(与……相反) cruel to(对……残忍) dear to(对……很重要) equal to(与……相等) faithful to(忠于……) rude to(对……粗暴) fatal to(对……是致命的) useful to(对……有用) identical to(与……相同的) inferior to(劣于……) liable to(对……有义务的) new to(对……没有经验) obedient to(对……服从) obvious to(对……清楚的) polite to(对……有礼貌) previous to(先于) harmful to(对……有害的) sensitive to(对……敏感) similar to(与……相似)
indifferent to(对……不关心)
5. 与at 连用的形容词：
bad at(不善于……)
clever at(擅长)
efficient at(能胜任的) expert at/in(能熟练做……) good at(善于)
indignant at(对……感到愤慨) quick at(很快) sad at/about(因……而悲伤)
slow at(对……迟钝) skillful at/in(熟练)
6. 与
from 连用的形容词：
away from(距……远的)
different from(与……不同的)
far from(远离)
safe from(无危险的)
7. 与in 连用的形容词：
deficient in (缺少)
fortunate in (在……很幸运)
honest in (对……很诚实)
weak in (在……薄弱的)
8. 与on 连用的形容词：
dependent on(依赖于……)
intent on(专心于……)
keen on(热心于……)
9. 与about 连用的形容词：
curious about(对……好奇的)
doubtful about/of(对……有疑问)
enthusiastic about(对……热心)
reluctant about/to(勉强)
right about/in(在……是正确的)
uneasy about(对……感到不安)
新概念英语第一册第69-70课:The car rac Lesson 69 The car race汽车比赛Listen to the tape then answer this question.Which car was the winner in 1995? 听录音，然后回答问题。哪辆车在1995年的比赛中获胜？ There is a car race near our town every year. In 1995, there was a very big race. 在我们镇子附近每年都有一场汽车比赛。1995年举行了一次盛大的比赛。 There were hundreds of people there. My wife and I were at the race. Our friends, Julie and Jack were there, too. You can see us in the crowd. We are standing on the left. 许许多多人都去了赛场。我和我的妻子也去了。我们的朋友朱莉和杰克也去了。 你可以在人群中看到我们。我们站在左面。 There were twenty cars in the race. There were English cars, French cars, German cars, Italian cars, American cars and Japanese cars. 参加比赛的有20辆汽车。有英国、法国、德国、意大利、美国和日本的汽车。 It was an exciting finish. The winner was Billy Stewart. He was in car number fifteen. Five other cars were just behind him. 比赛的结尾是激动人心的。获胜者是比利.斯图尔特。他在第15号车里，其他5辆汽车跟在他后面。
学习-----好资料 Lesson 71 A Famous Clock 一个著名的大钟 【Text】 When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C. If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built. It is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well. Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day. On the B.B.C. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower. Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time. A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down! 【课文翻译】 当你游览伦敦时，首先看到的东西之一就是“大本”钟，即那座从英国广播公司的广播中全世界都可以听到它的声音的著名大钟。如果不是国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话，这座大钟永远也不会建造。“大本”钟得名于本杰明.霍尔爵士，因为当建造新的国会大厦时，他负责建造大钟。此钟不仅外型巨大，而且走时也非常准确。格林尼治天文台的官员们每天两次派人矫正此钟。当大钟打点的时候，你可以从英国广播公司的广播中听到，因为钟塔上接了麦克风。“大本”钟很多出差错。然而有一次，它却把时间报错。在钟塔上干活的一位油漆工把一只油漆桶挂在了一根指针上，把钟弄慢了！ New words and expressions 生词和短语
Finding fossil man 发现化?石?人 Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful? We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 读到flint 打?火?石anthropomorphic ?人格 化拟1anthropo ?人类 的让步?一?一trace back date back read of read about a trace of ?一些
一、按要求写出下列动词的正确形式。 1. sit (现在分词) 2. enjoy (单三) 3. am (过去式) 4. are (过去式) 5. drive (现在分词) 6. wife (复数) 7. say (过去式) 8. is (过去式) 二、用动词的正确形式完成下列各句。 1. (be) at the grocer's yesterday. 2. We're going (stay) at my uncle's for the weekend. 3. Look! He (run) on the playground. 4. He always (go) to school at 7 in the morning. 5. He (have) a nice car. 6. My father (not live) here. 7. He can (speak) English. 8. He (do) his homework tomorrow. 9. he (go) to school on Saturdays 10. There (be) ten books on the desk yesterday. 三、选择 1. Is she absent school today A. for B. of C. off D. from 2. I ill last week. A. am B. was C. is D. be 3. They are going to stay his mother's the weekend. A. in, on B. at, at C. for, at D. at, for 4. My father is church on Sundays. A. at B. on C. for D. over 5. you the butcher's yesterday A. Are, at B. Were, in C. Were, at D. Are, in 6. We're going to stay the country. A. in B. on C. at D. for 四、根据原文填空 1. 在我回家的路上，我遇见了她。 I met he . 2. 你可以在人群中看到我们。 You can see . 3. 数以百计的学生在比赛场地。 students were the race. 4. 1998年，举行了一次盛大的比赛。 1998, there a very big . 5. 我们站在左边。 We are the .
Lesson 71 A Famous Clock 一个著名的大钟 【Text】 When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C. If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built. It is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well. Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day. On the B.B.C. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower. Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time. A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down! 【课文翻译】 当你游览伦敦时，首先看到的东西之一就是“大本”钟，即那座从英国广播公司的广播中全世界都可以听到它的声音的著名大钟。如果不是国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话，这座大钟永远也不会建造。“大本”钟得名于本杰明.霍尔爵士，因为当建造新的国会大厦时，他负责建造大钟。 此钟不仅外型巨大，而且走时也非常准确。格林尼治天文台的官员们每天两次派人矫正此钟。当大钟打点的时候，你可以从英国广播公司的广播中听到，因为钟塔上接了麦克风。“大本”钟很多出差错。然而有一次，它却把时间报错。在钟塔上干活的一位油漆工把一只油漆桶挂在了一根指针上，把钟弄慢了！ New words and expressions 生词和短语 Eg: The building was erected in 1900-1901. 此建筑是在1900年到1901年间建造的。 Eg: Demonstrators have erected barricades in roads leading to the parliament building.
Lesson 40 Food and talk进餐与交谈 Was Mrs. Rumbold a good companion at dinner? Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation. 'A new play is coming to "The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing it?' 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be staying in England?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner. 'Young man,' she answered, 'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!" 参考译文 在上星期的一次宴会上，女主人安排我坐在兰伯尔德夫人的身旁。兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女人，穿一件紧身的黑衣服。当我在她身旁坐下来的时候，她甚至连头都没有抬一下。她的眼睛盯着自己的盘子，不一会儿就忙着吃起来了。我试图找个话题和她聊聊。 “一出新剧要来‘环球剧场’上演了，”我说，“您去看吗？” “不，”她回答。 “您今年去国外度假吗？”我又问。 “不，”她回答。 “您就呆在英国吗？”我问。 “不，”她回答。 失望之中我问她饭是否吃得满意。 “年轻人，”她回答说，“如果你多吃点，少说点，我们两个都会吃得好的！” —、单词讲解New words and expressions host 1)n．待客的主人 hostess 女主人 the host nation 东道国，主办国 例: China is the host nation of the 2008 0lympic Games. 中国时2008奥运会的主办国。
新概念英语第二册Lesson70 Red for danger Lesson 70 Red for danger 危险的红色 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 How was the drunk removed from the ring? During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware2 of the danger. The bull1 was busy with the matador3 at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. Apparently4 sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador. New words and expressions 生词和短语 bullfight n. 斗牛 drunk n. 醉汉 wander v. 溜达，乱走 ring n. 圆形竞技场地
新概念英语第二册第七十一课笔记（3） 语法：虚拟语气： 一．语气的定义和种类 1 语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2 语气的种类 a. 陈述语气： 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如： There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。 Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗？ How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊！b. 祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如：Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了 Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯 c. 虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
May you succeed!祝您成功！ 二．虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。 条件从句有两类，一是真实条件句，另一是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。if有表示“如果”的意思如： If time permits, we’ll go fishing together.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。 如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。如： If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor. 如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授） 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，现将其形式列表如下：
The modern city 现代城市 In the organization of industrial life the in?uence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the arti?cial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants of?ces and apartments that please them. This caused the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edi?ces and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants. ?一理理的 代 ?人造的?生存?方式隺加规模 I 平庸的 ?一倒夺巨?大的?大厦南满拥塞without any idea of 完全忽视without giving any consideration to
Lesson 70 Red for danger 危险的红色 【Text 】During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself.When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador. 【课文翻译】 在一次斗牛时，一个醉汉突然溜达到斗牛场中间，人们开始大叫起来，但醉汉却没有意识到危险。当时那公牛正忙于对付斗牛士，但突然它看见了醉汉，只见他正大声说着粗鲁的话，手里挥动着一顶红帽子。对挑衅显 然非常敏感的公牛完全撇开斗牛士，直奔醉汉而来。观众突然静了下来，可这醉汉像是很有把握似的。当公牛逼近他时，他踉跄地住旁边一闪，牛扑空了。观众欢呼起来，醉汉向人们鞠躬致谢。然而，此时已有 3个人 进入斗牛场，迅速把醉汉拉到安全的地方。好像连牛也在为他感到遗憾，因为它一直同情地看着醉汉，直到他的背影消逝，才重新将注意力转向斗牛士。 New words and expressions 生词和短语 【生词讲解】 1.bullfight n. 斗牛（活动） bull n. 公牛 cow n. 母牛，奶牛 ox 大公牛(oxen, pl. ) calf 小牛 bull market 牛市（股市行情很好） bear market 熊市（股市行情不好） bully n. 恃强凌弱的人bullfight n. 斗牛drunk n. 醉汉wander v. 溜达，乱走ring n. 圆形竞技场地unaware adj. 不知道的，未觉察的bull n. 公牛matador n. 斗牛士 remark n. 评论；言语 apparently adv. 明显地 sensitive adj. 敏感的 criticism n. 批评 criticism n. 批评 charge v. 冲上去 clumsily adv. 笨拙地 bow v. 鞠躬 safety n. 安全地带 sympathetically adv. 同情地
新概念英语第四册课堂笔记 1 fossil man (化石人) Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 【New words and expressions 生词和短语】 fossil man adj. 化石人 recount v. 叙述 saga n. 英雄故事 legend n. 传说，传奇 migration n. 迁移，移居 anthropologist n. 人类学家 archaeologist n. 考古学家
L1 Finding fossil man We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas----legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. New words and expressions recount /ri'kaunt/ v.叙述 / ' rei'kaunt/ 再数一次 record / ' rek[d/ /ri' kC:d/ 第一个音节带重音，名前动后 叙述：recount : emotionless 重复 describe depict： a little emotional narrate： temporal&spacial 根据时间或空间顺序描述。 portray：描述 saga /'sa:g[/ n.英雄故事描述的内容mostly real 北欧海盗活动的故事 legend /'ledV[nd/ n.传说，传奇 unreal e.g robin hood anthropologist/ 'AnWr['pCl[dVist/ n.人类学家 anthrop：人 philosophere :philo＋sopher|爱＋智慧＝哲学家 philanthropist : 慈善家（对人有爱心的人） anthropology :人类学 带-gy结尾的都是学科：biology 生物学 geography 地理学 ecology 生态学 remote/ ri'm[ut/ n.遥远 ancestor / 'Ansest[/ n.祖先 an- 在前面 forefather,forebear ，predecessor祖先 rot/ rCt/ v.烂掉 leave me rot.＝leave me along rot to death. soon ripe,soon rotten. decay 国家民族逐渐衰亡 decompose 逐渐衰竭 deteriorate关系逐渐恶化 trace /treis/ n.痕迹，踪迹 trace the problem i follow your trace＝i follow where you go polynesia 波利尼西亚 poly-多 polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wife flint /flint/ n.燧石 flinting hearted fossil / ' fCsl/ n. 化石 cobble 鹅卵石 read of 读到 谈到：speak of ,talk of ,know of,hear of near east：近东 mediterranean, south europe,north afric far east 非限定性从句，表原因 oral(spoken) language is earlier than written language. precede :什么在什么之前，不用比较，直接跟名词 counterpart: two things or two people have the same position oral(spoken) language is earlier than written counterpart. preserve: 保留，保存（腌制） 如果句中有only，那后面的表语结构就要用to do sth,而不是doing sth. storyteller: 讲故事的人 fortuneteller, palmreader: 算命先生 migration ：移民１）migrant ２）immigrant v. migrate:迁移，迁徙 migratory bird:候鸟 none: no body people＋s 民族 if they had any: 即便是有 his relatives,if he had any,never went to visit him when he was hospitalized. find out千方百计，费尽周折＝explore modern men :the men who were like ourselves however－anywhere you want ,加逗号 but,yet－不加标点，only at the beginning of the sentence therefore－自由
Lesson 70 Red for danger危险的红色 How was the drunk removed from the ring? During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador. 参考译文 在一次斗牛时，一个醉汉突然溜达到斗牛场中间，人们开始大叫起来，但醉汉却没有意识到危险。当时那公牛正忙于对付斗牛士，但突然它看见了醉汉，只见他正大声说着粗鲁的话，手里挥动着一顶红帽子。对挑衅显然非常敏感的公牛完全撇开斗牛士，直奔醉汉而来。观众突然静了下来，可这醉汉像是很有把握似的。当公牛逼近他时，他踉跄地住旁边一闪，牛扑空了。观众欢呼起来，醉汉向人们鞠躬致谢。然而，此时已有3个人进入斗牛场，迅速把醉汉拉到安全的地方。好像连牛也在为他感到遗憾，因为它一直同情地看着醉汉，直到他的背影消逝，才重新将注意力转向斗牛士。 like a red rag to a bull令人暴怒的事物 bully n. 恃强凌弱的人 coward n. 懦马弓者 eg. Cowards die many times before their death; the valiant never taste of death but once. 懦夫在死之前，已死去多次；而勇士一生只死一次。(—语出莎士比亚的悲剧《裘力斯，恺撒》) bull 公牛 cow 母牛 steer 菜牛 OX 大公牛 Oxen (pl. ) calf小牛