定语从句教师讲解（米多版）
I．基本概念
Q：什么是定语？主谓宾定状补
A：所谓定语就是形容词，用于修饰名词的词。例a wonderful day, a beautiful girl…形容词修饰名词往往位于名词之前
Q：什么是定语从句？
A：若一个句子用来修饰一个名词，那么这个句子就被称为定语从句。
Q：形容词作定语往往位于被修饰的名词之前，那么定语从句位置在哪？
A：定语从句就是就是具有形容词性的从句，具有形容词的作用，但是位置在被修饰的名词之后。
简单的来讲，定语从句就是解决汉语中带有动词“的”的部分。
Q：在看定语从句之前，我们首先来了解一下汉语中如何判断作定语的部分，如何选择正确的部分写从句？A：在汉语中，定于一般具有标志性的词，这个词就是白勺“的”，那么是不是所有的白勺“的”的部分都在写成英语句子中要使用到一个从句呢？答案当然是否定的。如何判断带有白勺“的”的定语部分写成英语句子要用到定语从句呢，一个句子之所以能称之为句子，至少要有动作，由此我们发现，汉语中带有动词的白勺“的”定于部分在写成英语句子时则需要写成一个定语从句。在学会了如何判断汉语句子哪些部分在翻译成英语是要写成定语从句之后，我们就可以试着写写复合句。
II. 如何写一个带有定语从句的句子？
例：我刚才遇见的那个女孩是我同学。
很多没有接触过定语从句的学生会直接写成，I just met the girl is my classmate.(*)这违反了英语中最基本的语法要求——一个简单句在没有任何连接词的情况下有且只有一个谓语动词。这个句子本身有met和is两个谓语动词，所以句子本身有错误了。
接下来我们一起看看如何写一个带有定语从句的句子的步骤：
1.先写出汉语中所画出的核心句（上文已经提到了如何讲汉语中的定语部分画出，剩余部分就是核心句），上
文的例子从白勺“的”向左画起划到第二个动词之后，也就是“我刚才遇见的”为定语从句部分，剩余部分“那个女孩是我同学”则是核心句。先写核心句：The girl is my classmate.并且要画出被所画出的定语部分修饰的名词，即the girl。
2.在被修饰的名词后面加一个指代词which(定从步骤初期一切皆用which)，并且写出刚刚画出的修饰这个名
词的句子（我刚刚遇见的）得到：The girl which I just met…
3.将第一步和第二步合并，将句子写完整。The girl which I just met is my classmate.（当被修饰的名词是主句
的宾语时则无需第三步）
以上是写一个带有定语从句的句子的步骤，先掌握这些步骤，在进行复杂句子和语法扩展。
练习用上面的步骤写六个句子：
1.这首歌使我想起了我们一起走过的那些日子。This song reminded me of the days which we spent together.
2.他买的药对我的健康很有帮助。The medicine which he bought is good for my health.
3.我认识老师昨天表扬的那个女孩。I know the girl which the teacher praised yesterday.
4.他是昨天看到那场世故的人。He is the man which saw the accident yesterday.
5.我买的书很有趣。The book which I bought is interesting.
6.这是我昨天参观的那个工厂。This is the factory which I visited yesterday.
(注：划线部分是汉语中的定语部分，在英语中写成从句，其中1,3,4中被修饰的名词做的是核心句的宾语所以步骤中的第三步可以省略)
III. 定语从句特点
通过上面的练习我们发现所写的英语句子中也有一定的特点：
1.任何从句都是有指代词或连接词为标志，往后数到第二个动词之前，都为从句部分。例如The girl which I just
met is my classmate.
2.指代词所引导的定语从句肯定是缺成分的句子（这里指却成分不考虑状语，补语，只涉及主语和宾语）。例
如：…which I just met…从句中，不考虑指代词which，剩下的I just met这个句子是缺少met后面的宾语。（是否缺少成分，缺主语很容易判断，指代词后面如果直接跟谓语动词，则肯定缺主语；那么缺少宾语一般由两种方法判断，第一种翻译法，汉语翻译看看这个句子说完没有；第二种就是要求对动词了解足够深入，知道及物还是不及物动词，若为及物动词，那么后面必须有名词作宾语，没有则确定缺少宾语，从句成分残缺）。
3.指代词必须位于被修饰的名词之后，定语从句所修饰的名词实际上是可以放回到成分残缺的从句中，将残缺
部分补充完整。如上面的例子，I just met缺少宾语，而被修饰的名词是the girl，这个the girl实际上就是从句中所缺的宾语，可以放回去将从句补充完整，I just met the girl。（这里我们所说的放回去并非写出来而是在头脑中所进行的判断活动）
IV．定语从句中的指代词
上面所讲的例子旨在让同学们理解什么是定语从句，如何写定语从句，但是里面用到了一个万用which，但是其中这点是有误区的，不是什么情况下都是用which。那么下面我们了解一下指代词可以有哪些：
被修饰的名词是指人的时候：who/whom(从句中缺少宾语成分时才会用)
被修饰的名词是指代事物的：which/that
以上这四个指代词都只引导从句缺主语或宾语的定语从句。
当然了，which和that在引导定语从句中不是完全相等的，也有使用区别：
1.当被修饰的成分中既有人又有事物则使用that. We talked about t he things and the people that we met during the
Second World War.
2.当被修饰的名词由序数词最高级修饰则之用that. This is the first American film that I've ever seen.
3.被修饰的事物名词是不定代词anything, all, something, everything等，只用that. A fact is anything that can be
proved.
4.被修饰的事物名词前有only, very, right, last只用that. The only thing that the students can do is studying hard.
重要概念：名名动结构
例：The book which I bought yesterday was very good.
例：The book I bought yesterday was very good.
以上这两个例子都是正确的，但是为什么一个有指代词一个没有指代词，大家会发现所划线的部分是定语从句部分，从句时缺少宾语的句子，由此我们得到一个规律，当一个定语从句缺少宾语时，一般我们可以将从句的引导词省略掉，形成例句二中的结构，你会发现the book后面紧挨着一个名词或者代词，然后是动词，这种结构叫“名名动结构”，学习他的目的在于帮助大家在没有引导词的情况下能够很容易的找出定语从句，从句从名名动结构中的两个名词之间开始画起，到第二个谓语动词前为止。（练习题判断正误）
两个例子：
1.我不会忘记我们一起度过的那些日子。I will never forget the days which we spent together.
2.我不会忘记我父亲从美国回来的那天。I will never forget the day which my father came back from America. (*)
我们观察以上两个句子，似乎都是正确的，但是当我们使用定语从句特点来验证时发现第二个句子中从句是成分完整的从句，这样的话就违背了我们先前所总结出的特点了。如何处理这种情况呢，从句不缺成分，能用依然用指代词来引导么？答案显然不行。那么怎么办呢？我们想到了介词，当介词使用时，必须后面有个名词做他的宾语，如果没有成分就不完整了，这点刚好满足我们总结出的定语从句成分残缺的特点，所以，我们在从句中需要加一个相关的介词，这个介词不仅仅起到挖一个坑的作用，这个坑到底谁来用，我们又想到了定语从句特点3，被修饰的名词刚好可以放在从句缺失的部分中，故这个介词的选用还需要与被修饰的名词能够正确的搭配。那么例二中被修饰的名词是the day,和它搭配的介词一般使用on，因为on the day,所以我们将其改正为I will never forget the day which my father came back from America on. 当然直接在从句后面加个介词往往容易被我们忽略，所以我们可以将其提在指代其前面构成I will never forget the day on which my father came back from America. 而当
介词和which搭配在一起时，前面被修饰的名词是时间，我们可以直接使用when来替换on which(注意，不是所有的介词+which都可以替换成指代副词)。
总结：当从句不缺成分时，被修饰的名词为时间，用介词+which=when引导从句
当从句不缺成分时，被修饰的名词为地点，用介词+which=where引导从句
当从句不缺成分时，被修饰的名词为reason，用for which=why引导从句
特殊知识：当遇到被修饰的名词是抽象的地点名词时，如point, case, situation, job, stage等，一般多用where来引导从句。
V．定语从句中的一些特殊情况
1. 使用whose引导的定语从句
在讨论这之前，我们回顾一下名词所有格形式，一般情况下名词所有格有两种情况，一种是’s所有格，一种是of所有格。例：the leg of the chair, the chair’s leg，当使用of所有格时，两个名次分别有冠词；而当使用到’s 所有格时，后面的名词中心词就没有冠词了。
例：这本封皮是红色的书很有趣。
若将上述例句分成两个句子时得到：这本书很有趣（主句），这本书封皮是红色的（从句）。可以分别写出：The book is interesting.(主句部分) The cover of the book is red./ The book’s cover is red.（从句部分）我们试图将两个句子合二为一写成一个句子，但是直接在主句中被修饰的名词the book后面加which，并将从句部分直接写出会出现以下情况：1. The book which the cover of the book is red is interesting. (*)/ 2. The book which the book’s cover is red is interesting. (*) 这两个句子都不满足定语从句特点2——从句成分残缺，这两个从句成分似乎都不残缺，如何解决这个问题？那就要先将从句部分变成残缺的，至于要去掉谁，我们发现主句和从句中有关系的就是被修饰的词，定语从句特点3告诉我们主句中被修饰的词可以放回到从句中补充残缺的成分，那么我们既然知道the book 是被修饰的词，只需要将从句中的the book去掉就满足定语从句的特点了。句子就变成1. The book which the cover of is red is interesting. 其中介词of可以提前，得到The book of which the cover is red is interesting.而这个句子还可以变成正常的所有格形式，The book the cover of which is red is interesting. 句1非常容易改动，而例句2就非常麻烦了，去掉the book，如何保留它的’s所有格呢？The book which’s cover is red is interesting. (*)似乎容易将which’s 理解为which is的缩写，那么就出现了whose的不可多得的力量，所以，这里我们使用whose作为整个定语从句的引导词，表示出了所有格的含义，得到正确的句子The book whose cover is red is interesting.
总结whose的使用：1. 选项当中有whose一般多用whose
2. whose引导的定语从句往往成分完整的
3. whose后面的名词不管单复数都没有冠词
4. whose前后的名词具有所属关系
5. whose有时候可以和of which the…/ the… of which/ of whom the…/ the… of whom替换
2. some/数词… of which(whom)表示整体部分关系
例：我们班有50人其中20人是女孩。
写成两个句子：There are 50 students. 20 of the students are girls.
要将这两个句子合二为一，利用到刚刚whose的方法，找出被修饰的名词the students，并且将从句中这部分去掉，即可。There are 50 students 20 of whom are girls. 这类定语从句往往汉语中不容易找出修饰成分，故需要大家自己分析讲汉语拆成两个简单句，找出修饰语被修饰关系即可。
3.强调句型
在本章中，重点不是讲强调句型，而是往往在高考中将强调句型和定语从句混在一起考察，有些同学则分辨不清楚。我们只需要知道强调句的特点，通过验证的方法即可解决问题。当看到it is/was开头的句子，一定要将强调句作为考虑到的内容之一，判断是否是强调句，若不是强调句，则多为定语从句。强调句的用法在此不再赘述。
4.定从的特殊形式
当遇到被修饰的名词前面有such, the same时，若从句成分残缺，则一般确定是定语从句，连觉从句的词选择as。
例：Such a girl as I just met is my classmate.
This is the same watch as I lost.
5.非限定性定语从句
上文所涉及的都是限定性定语从句，限定性定语从句就像我们的衣服，出门必须穿戴整齐，而非限定性定语从句则像是帽子，头花，对已经很明确的事物尽心进一步的修饰补充，所以，非限定性定语从句，可以去掉而不影响理解，限定性定语从句去掉则是说话意思含糊不清。
非限定和限定定从最大的区别就是：
1.非限定性定从主从句中有逗号隔开，而限定性定从则没有。The environment becomes worse, which we all
know.
2.非限定性定从连接词不适用that，其他指代词均可使用，使用指代词which, as，who, whom时从句残缺，
使用when, where时从句完整。
3.非限定性定从的位置比较灵活，可以放在句首，可以放在句中，可以放在句末，也可以不紧跟着被修饰
的名词, As we all know, the environment becomes worse.
4.非限定性定从可以用来指代前文或后文整个句子。
As和which均可用来引导非限定性定从，但是有一定区别，as可前可后，而which只可前不可后。
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
高考英语考前30天之备战冲刺押题系列01 定语从句（教 师版） 三年铸剑，六月试剑。2012高考最后烽烟在即，这时的你，最最需要的就是一套质量精良的复习资料。她能帮助你保持冲刺的惯性，做到准备充分，适应考试的各项要求，保持良好的竞技状态，最终做到全力冲刺。 中学学科网组织特约名师编辑团队全力打造2012高考冲刺押题押题系列。集一线名师多年备考经验，点睛2012高考考点，预测考点再现概率，为您的高考备考指南引航。 上百名高考命题研究专家参与，挖掘第一手高考信息，命中率更高，押中一分，改变你的一生。 名师押题： 【押题1】I prefer a company ________ people have to work as a team, instead of fighting against each other. A．where B．that C．as D．when 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。where是关系副词，在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词company，并且在从句中作状语。 【押题指数】★★★ 【选题理由】 在定语从句中，当先行词是表示地点的词时，关系代词与关系副词的选择近三年全国各地区考查定语从句的题目中这类题目有11道。 【得分锦囊】 在高考考查定语从句试题中，有许多题目中的先行词是表示地点的名词，要正确判断用关系代词还是关系副词，要看引导词在从句中所作的成分。如果引导词在从句中作状语，则用where，否则用that或which。考生可以采用补全法，即根据句意把从句补充完整，补上去的部分在从句中所作的成分就是引导词在从句中所作的成分，就可以很容易地确定用关系代词还是用关系副词了。如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year．这就是我们去年住过的那个山村。 【押题2】 —Is this the house_______ you often talk about? —Yes, just the one _______ you know I used to live for more than 15 years. A. that;where B. which;that
高中英语定语从句用法全面系统讲解（1） 一、概述 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that和关系副词when、where、why 等。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 最后，那个小偷向警察交出他偷的所有的东西。（引导词是关系代词that） His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 他父母不让他和家庭困难的人结婚。（引导词是关系代词whose） In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在那个黑暗的街道上，没有她可以求助的人。（引导词是关系代词whom） In 1519 another traveller who went to America from Europe discovered the tomato. 1519年另一位从欧洲去美洲的旅行家发现了西红柿。（引导词是关系代词who） I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得第一次去北京的那一天。（引导词是关系副词when） This is the house where we lived last year. 这就是我们去年住的房子。（引导词是关系副词where） 二、关系代词和关系副词的功用能 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语；关系副词可作状语。 1、作主语 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词一致。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需要的是大量的油。（引导词that在句中作主语） A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是会飞的机器。（引导词that在句中作主语） The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 昨天到我班来访的外国人来自加拿大。（引导词who在句中作主语） They planted the trees which didn't need much water. 他们种植了需水不多的树木。（引导词which在句中作主语） 2、作宾语 在定语从句里作宾语的关系代词在口语中常被省去 The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 我煮的面条美味可口。（引导词that，可省略）
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
定语从句的用法 【概念引入】 欣赏含有定语从句的名言： Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。 Don’t trust the first sign that you see. 不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。 All is not gold that glitters. 发光的未必都是金子。 Nothing is impossible to the man who has will. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 【用法讲解】 一、定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。 This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. 这是他给我的生日礼物。 Do you know everybody who came to the party? 你认识来宴会的每一位吗？ This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. 这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。 二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics. 我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。 These are musicians who make us happy. 这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。 People who eat a balanced diet are healthier. 平衡饮食的人是健康的。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。 Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ 你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？ Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 你想见的李先生已经来了。 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。 I know the boy whose father is a professor. 我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是给单词释义的一本书。
定语从句练习题 选择: 1.Is this factory ____ we visited last week? Is this the factory ____ we visited last week? A、where B、that C、to which D、the one 1.Let me think of a proper situation ______ this sentence can be used. A、where B、that C、of whom D、which 3.She will never forget the day_____ she spent in Beijing. She will never forget the day_____ she stayed with him in Beijing. A、when B、what C、which D、why 4.The college won’t take anyone _____ eyesight is weak. A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which 5.Those _____ to take part in the game write down your names. A、who B、who want C、who wants D、what 6. I don't like English, _____ grammar I am not interested. I don't like English, ____ grammar is difficult to learn. I like this house, _____ doorway is just enough to get . I like this house, _____ doorway is small. A. in which B. which C. through whose D. whose 7.I，______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am 9.His walking stick, ____ he can’t walk, was lost yesterday. A、that B、with which C、which D、without which 10.11. Which of the two cows ______ you keep produces more milk? A、which B、that C、what D、as 12.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what 13.The teacher gave us so difficult a problem ___ we couldn't solve. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem ___ we couldn't solve it. A. as B. that C. which D. the ones 14.______is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. What D. That 15.I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all 16.How do you like the book? It’s quite different from _____ I read last month. A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 17.There are three libraries in our school, _______ were built five years ago. A、all of them B、either of them C、all of which D、both of that 18.What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. （04湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
【真题再现】 1. — What do you think of the school uni forms? ” — Very good. I like clothes _ make me feel comfortable. ” 【贵州贵阳】 A. that B. what 2. There will be a flower show in the park we visited last week. 【广东】 A. who B. whe n C. what D. which 3. — Now many peo pie smoke and get ill. 【广西玉林】 —So we should do someth ing ___ can help stop smok ing. A. what B. who C. / D. that 4. I still remember the time _ we spent together at XiSai mountain last year. 【湖北黄石】 A. whe n B. what C. who D. which 5. One of the most delicious drinks __ I like is orange juice. 【湖北十堰】 A. which B. that C. whose D. whom 6. — There are so many girls over there. Which one is your sister? 【湖北随州】 —The one ______ hat is yellow. A. who B. whose C. that D. which 7. We all like the story about the teacher happened in our school last week. 【湖北咸宁】 A. which B. who C. whom D. what 8. The English-Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value. 【2012江苏南京】 【用法讲解】 考试要求： 定语从句一般不是中考重点考查内容，大部分地区的中考只要求理解定语从句，但是部分地 区也对定语从句的引导词及定语从句中的主谓一致进行了考查，但是理解定语从句的结构对于准 确理解句子的意思相当重要。 1. 定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。 定语从句的用法 C. who A. whose B. whe n 【答案与解析】 1. A 。考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词 which 或that 。根据句意“你觉得校服怎么样呀？很好， C. who D. that 由于先行词是物，所以引导词用 clothes 是“物”，所以定语从句的引导词用 我 喜欢穿舒服的衣服” 。 which 或that ，而且引导词在 2. D 。考查定语从句引导词的用法。 定语从句中作宾语。 3. D 。定语从句的先行词是不定代词 4. D 。由于定语从句中的先行词是 或which ，故选D 。 5. B 。由于定语从句的先行词 drinks 被形容词最高级修饰，所以引导词只能用 that ，而不用which 。 6. B 。考查定语从句的引导词， 根据句意可知引导词在定语从句中作定语， 修饰hat ，只能选whose 。 7. A 。本题需要准确找出定语从句的先行词 the story ，是指物而不是 指人，所以定语从句的引导词 用which 而不用who 。 someth ing ,所以定语从句的引导词用 that 。 time ，且引导词在从句中作宾语，所以定语从句的引导词用 that 。 that
高中定语从句详细讲解 一:定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中， who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的” 关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom 非限制性定语从句 形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom 限制性定语从句举例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。 非限制性定语从句举例： His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。 三:关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
一、选择题 1．I’ll tell you everything __________ I know. A．which B．who C．that D．what 2．—Have you visited the Great Wall? —Sure! I think it was the best place ________ I’ve ever been to. A．where B．that C．which 3．-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report? -Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. A．who B．what C．whom D．which 4．Mrs. Green is proud of her daughter, a nurse ______________is hard-working and looks after patients well. A．who B．whose C．whom 5．—The girls are talking about the music and the actors ________ were in the film last Saturday.—It's really a fantastic film. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 6．A detective is someone ____________looks for clues to something important. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 7．--Mary, think about before you take a trip to Harbin. --OK, I'll take some warm coats then. A．the time that you will spend B．the sights that you will visit C．the people who you will meet D．the clothes which you will bring 8．— Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ can develop the habit of reading. A．who B．whose C．what D．that 9．Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut ___________went into space. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 10．— Have you found your student card you lost last week? — Yes. Ms. Smith saw it in the classroom corner. A．who B．which C．whose: 11．---Wechat (微信)is a tool _______ can help people talk to friends or share photos, ideas. ---How wonderful it is! A．when B．who C．that D．what 12．Chaoyang Experimental School is the best school _______ Carl has visited in Chaoshan area. A．which B．that C．when D．where 13．Mice, dogs and monkeys were the animals _________first went into space. A．that B．whom C．whose D．what 14．My grandparents like stories __________ have happy endings. A．they B．who C．which D．/
模块简介 ☆主要应用：本模块主要考察引导词的应用,随着高考英语的改革,英语语法的考点也有所改变,现在主要应用在短文改错和语法填空中 ☆模块等级：本模块难度中等,学生的基础稍微弱一些也可以接受,基础弱的学生需要5-8课时（2h/课）不等,中等学生3课时（2h/课）可以基本掌握,基础好的学生1-2课时（2h/课）可以搞定 ☆知识分布：每节课需要先讲解10个高考重点词汇辨析,之后讲解语法知识,语法知识中的例句与练习题可以相应练习本堂课程中的重点词汇,从而达到复习的效果 ☆习题分布：习题包括08-14年高考题,辽宁省模拟题并且平均练习各个考点 ☆通关确保：本部分习题为课后作业,分为牛刀小试,略有所成,炉火纯青等不同难度的单项选择还包括语法填空与短文改错从而达到最高效的练习 ☆易混模块：本模块容易与名词性从句状语从句混淆,所以三大从句讲解完毕之后会配有知识点总结与 习题练习
定语从句 【知识清单】 【考点一】句子结构 简单句（只有一套主谓结构） （1）主.谓 I sleep. （2）主.谓.宾 I study English. （4）主.谓.间宾.直宾 He gave me anoffer. （3）主.谓.宾.宾补 He makes medelighted. （即双宾语结构） （人一般为间接宾语,物为直接宾语） （5）主.系.表 I am a teacher. 复合句（有两套或两套以上的主谓结构） The girl is beautiful. The girl has long hair. （1）并列句 ①表递进：and. not only...but also.... neither...nor... She not only dances well but also sings well. Neither do I know his address, nor do my parents. ②表选择：or. Either...or..... You can stay here ,or you can leave. Either you leave or I leave. ③表转折：but. Yet. Whereas(然而）. Some men are rich, whereas others are poor. He tried his best, but he failed. ④表因果：so. For. I must be off now, for my sister is waiting for me. I work hard, so I was able to pass the exam. （2）复合句 ①定语从句：The ∧ girl (who has long hair ）is beautiful. beautiful 划线部分作用相同,即定语从句起到形容词的作用 ②状语从句：(时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较) 一、定语从句的相关概念 合并为一句话