Through the tunnel

外研英语七年级下册方位介词方位介词常考考点：1. above/overover指在物体的正上方；above则指在高于某物的地方。

We are flying above the clouds.我们在云层上面飞行。

There is a lamp hanging over the table.桌子上方吊着一盏灯。

2. in/on/atin表示在某区域内、在一个空间的内部；on表示“在……上”，并与之相接触；at表示“在某地点”，强调在某个位置点。

The cat is in the box.这只猫在箱子里。

These cats are lying on the sofa.这些猫正躺在沙发上。

Jack is at home. Jack在家。

练一练：1)There is a bridge ______ the river.A.onB.beneathC.underD.over2) The window juts (伸，突) out ______ the street.A.onB.overC.belowD.under3)The plane is flying ______ the city.A.aboveB.belowC.onD.under4)Can you see the helicopter flying ______ the building?A.overB.belowC.onD.under选词填空。

1)- What can you see ______ the desk? (above/on) -I can see a computer.2)We built a little house ______ the lake. (above/on)3)There's a magazine ______ the table. (on/over)4)I like the people in the apartment ______ mine. (on/above)3. behind/in front of/in the front ofbehind表示“在……后面”；in front of表示“在某物外部的前面”；in the front of表示“在某物内部的前面”。

穿过的英文单词穿过指从一个地方经过另一个地方到达第三个地方。

那么，你知道穿过的英文怎么写吗?穿过的英文释义：to pass throughthrill throughthruthroughthro'penetration穿过的英文例句：我们散步穿过树林。

We went for a ramble through the woods.她不得不低下头才能穿过低矮的门口。

She had to duck her head to get through the low doorway.阳光穿过棱镜时将分解成各种颜色。

The sunlight will break into different colors through a prism.拥挤的车辆慢吞吞地穿过狭窄的隧道。

The heavy traffic crawled through the narrow tunnel.这条河流蜿蜒穿过山谷。

The river twines through the valley.他熟练地驾驶着汽车穿过狭窄的街道。

He steered the car skillfully through the narrow streets.阳光穿过树叶照在地上，现出一块块亮斑。

The sun shinning through the leaves dappled the ground.当阳光穿过雨滴时，大部分光线直接穿过。

When sunlight enters raindrops most of it passes straight through.磁场倾向于穿过铁而不是倾向于穿过空气。

A magnetic field tends to pass through iron rather than through air.一条古老的小路在上间盘绕穿过。

An old path wound up through the hills.他们抄近路穿过田野。

“across、cross、through、over、via、by”的区别across,cross是横过的意思across是介词,通常在用go,run,swim.等搭配cross是动词,通常可以直接放在句子中through是穿过跟across一样介词,通常在用go,run,swim.等搭配through与across的不同在于方向through是直过across是横过例:I went across the road = I cross the road我横过马路(经斑马线)The car went through the road汽车经过马路(沿着马路)over 是越过,用法与across,through相同,都是介词,通常在用go,run,swim.等搭配through有3种词性“介词”，“副词”和“形容词”；而via只有一种词性“介词”。

我想既然这2个词要区别对待的时候，一定都是它们都被用做“介词”的时候。

下面来比较一下：through做介词的时候，有如下意思：（1）穿越：从一边进，从相对的或另一边出：例如： went through the tunnel.穿过隧道（2）在…之中或之间；在…之中：例如：a walk through the flowers.在花丛中散步（3）由，经过：例如：climbed in through the window.从窗户爬进去（4）通过：用…途径或媒介：例如：bought the antique vase through a dealer.通过一个商人买到这只古花瓶via做为介词只有2种意思：（1）经过：例如：went to Pittsburgh via Philadelphia.经过费城到匹兹堡（2）通过，凭借：例如：sent the letter via airmail.通过空邮寄信总结起来。

用via的地方都可以用through。

因为via的2个意思都被through包括了。

介词专项练习A组基础题组Ⅰ.单项选择1.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows.A.belowB.acrossC.behindD.against2.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the window.A.forB.byC.withD.from3.Volunteering is a good way to experience life the campus (校园). Take an active part in it, and you will learn more about the world.A.overB.beyondC.againstD.above4.Don’t stay inside such a sunny day. Let’s go out to enjoy the sweet flowers.A.inB.onC.byD.through5.I can hardly imagine what our life will be like the Internet in the information age nowadays.A.throughB.underC.withoutD.against6.In order to get the difficult times, it is of great importance for countries all over the world to work closely together.A.beyondB.acrossC.throughD.against7.When are you arriving I’ll pick you up the station.A.atB.toC.onD.off8.Friday afternoon, our school ends earlier than usual.A.AtB.OnC.ToD.In9.The blue planet is so far from the earth that radio signals, traveling the speed of light, take 16 hours to reach the spacecraft.A.forB.inC.onD.at10.Arthur Conan Doyle is considered a master at solving crimes.A.forB.asC.withD.by11.—How long have you been here —the end of last year.A.ByB.AtC.SinceD.In12.Peter is clever enough to read and write the age of 4.A.betweenB.atC.toD.during13.The simplest everyday activities can make a difference the environment.A.forB.inC.ofD.to14.To my pleasure, my family are always me, so I can follow my dreams with great courage.A.pastB.aboveC.uponD.behind15.If you want to be a good teacher, you should be patientstudents.A.aboutB.toC.withD.ofⅡ.词汇运用1.—Where is the city library—It’s (在……对面)the front gate of the Grand Hotel. 2.It’s so nice to take a walk on the path which leads (穿过)the trees to the river.3.The temperature in our hometown usually drops (在……以下) zero in winter.4.—Jim, I want to join the army.—Are you joking People (在……下) eighteen aren’t allowed to join the army.5.In spring, bees and butterflies play (在……中) the flowers.B组提升题组Ⅰ.单项选择1.When the accident happened the evening of last Saturday, it was blowing and raining.A.atB.onC.inD./2.—Hi, Mom directed by Jia Ling is a hit this year.—It really is. It shows us the deep love between a mother and a daughter.A./B.inC.onD.at3.—the way, can you offer me some advice on how to improve my English—Why not buy an English dictionary It can help you many ways.A.In;byB.On;inC.By;inD.By;with4.—Look! Many volunteers are recording birds’ types and changes their numbers.—I think it’s meaningful them to work here in their spare time.A.in;ofB.in;forC.on;forD.on;of5.Xinjiang cotton is praised the best cotton in our country its high quality.A.for;asB.for;byC.as;forD.by;for6.The Tom and Jerry series first appeared on screen 1940. And a new live-action(真人版)Tom and Jerry came out February 26 in the US this year.A.in;inB.in;onC.on;onD.on;in7.Since he had no tools, he had to put the picture the wall before he could put it up.A.onB.inC.againstD.over8.—I c an’t think of any other actress prettier than Audrey Hepburn.—Exactly. Her beauty is words.A.overB.beyondC.aboveD.without9.Mr. Black has gone to Shanghai on business. He will return three days.A.inB.atC.forD.on10.—How did you get the wonderful news— a Mr. Lorry, one well-informed person.A.AcrossB.IncludingC.ThroughD.ByⅡ.词汇运用1.(在……期间) his stay in Yancheng, he made some good friends.2.(没有) much work to deal with, David decided to have a drink to get relaxed.3.—What you said goes far my understanding, Miss Lee.—Sorry, I will explain it again with simple words.4.As you walk (穿过) a door, look to see if you can hold it open for someone else.5.Everyone handed in their work (除了) Li Hua because of his illness.6.—Look! The zoo is on the other side of the river.—Let’s go the bridge and see the giant pandas.拓展培优Jillian Magee, 30, is a third-grade teacher from Washington D. C. She has become very popular for her“ Tattle Box(告状盒）”.Jillian said she started to make the box because she was getting tired of being interrupted（打断)during lessons." Kids tell you every little thing that's going on. I finally told them to just write it down on paper and put it in the box,” she said.She reads the paper after school. If there's anything that's very important, she will talk to them about it. “I think the box is good for communication(交流).It helps students solve conflicts(矛盾）,”Jillian said.The box helps shy students find their voice. “If they have s omething to tell me, but they're too afraid to say it themselves, they can write it down,” Jillian said. Students don't have to write their names on it. Just put it in the box, stop thinking about it and they will feel better about it.1.What makes Jillian popular2.Why did Jillian start to make the box3.What will Jillian do if there is anything important on the paper in the box4.Do students write their names on the paper5.How do you like the “Tattle Box” WhyA组基础题组Ⅰ.单项选择1.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows.A.belowB.acrossC.behindD.against答案D句意:当雨点开始重重地敲打窗户的时候,本正在帮助他的母亲。

介词的用法（基础知识）中考经常考查的几组介词的用法时间介词：1）at表示具体的时间点（几点钟）前面用介词。

At noon, at night, at the end of at the beginning, at the moment, at the age of.I usually get up at six in the morning.。

特例：at weekends 在周末at Christmas 在圣诞节2）On表示在特定的某一天、某月某日、星期几、节日等时间的前面，We can play football on Sunday. 我们可以在星期天踢足球。

on Monday / on Sunday afternoon/ on July 24, 2015 on teachers? day3) in表示较长的一段时间，如在早上、下午、晚上；某月、某年等。

I was born in May. 我出生在五月。

They came here in 1998. 他们在1998年来这里的。

What are you going to do in the winter holiday? 寒假你打算做什么？4) for表示“一段时间”，后接与数词连用的时间名词。

翻译“达、长达”I?ve been a soldier for 5 years.我入伍已5年了。

5) during表示“在……期间”What did you do during the summer vacation?你在暑假做了什么?6) from表示“等时间的起点”，作“从……”You can come any time from Monday to Friday.周一至周五你什幺时间来都行。

The exam will start from 9:00 a.m.考试将从上午九点开始。

from 1995 to 1998.从1995年到1998年。

7) since表示“自从……以来(直到现在)”He has been away from home since 1973.他自从1973年就离开了家乡。

（完整版）⼈教精通版六下英语第⼆单元知识点总结,推荐⽂档六年级知识点总结（下册）Unit 21. in front of 在物体外部的前⾯例：There are some trees in front of the building.反义词 behind 在这个楼前有⼀些树。

in the front of 在物体内部的前⾯例：There is a desk in the front of the classroom.反义词 behind 或 at the back of 在教室的前部有⼀张书桌。

2. next to 靠近，⼏乎例： She sat next to her mother. 她坐在她妈妈的旁边。

It’s next to impossible to win the game. 要赢那场⽐赛⼏乎不可能。

3.cross ，across 和through （都有穿越，穿过的意思，⽤法不同）① cross 是动词例：I want to cross that street soon. 我想迅速穿过那条⼤街。

② across 是副词，指从⼀个平⾯的⼀端到另⼀端，如：海的⼀端到另⼀端,across the ocean,③ through 是副词，强调在三维⽴体的内部穿过.还有抽象的意义,如度过了某段时间等。

如：through the tunnel 穿过隧道4.问路的⼏个表达⽅法①How can I get to the + 你想去的地点②Where is the + 你想去的地点③Can you tell me the way to the+ 你想去的地点5.巧记时间名词前的介词的⽤法年⽉周前要⽤in ，⽇⼦前⾯却不⾏。

遇到⼏号要⽤on ，上午下午⼜是in 。

要说某⽇上下午，⽤on 换in 才能⾏。

正午夜晚⽤at ，黎明⽤它也不错。

at 也在钟点前，说“差”⽤to ，past 表⽰“过”。

6.巧记地点名词前介词的⽤法：⾥⾯、上⾯in 和on ，over ，under 上下⽅，in front of 前，behind 后，at 是在某点上。

小学英语常用介词用法第一篇：小学英语常用介词用法小学英语常用介词用法摘要：英语介词并不很多，但其用法灵活多样。

掌握常用介词的用法及常见的介词搭配，是学习英语的重点和难点。

关键词：英语介词用法介词是英语中一个十分活跃的词类，在句子的构成中起着非常重要的作用。

介词也是英语中的一个最少规则可循的词类，几乎每一个介词都可用来表达多种不同的含义；不同的介词往往又有十分相似的用法。

因此，要学好介词，最好的方法就是在掌握常用介词的基本用法的基础上，通过广泛阅读去细心地揣摩，认真地比较，归纳不同的介词的用法，方能收到良好的效果。

那么，什么是介词呢？小学常用的介词都有哪些以及它们的用法？一·介词 1 介词的含义介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词，用来表明名词，代词（或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句）与句中其他词关系的词。

介词不能重读，不能单独做句子成分，必须与它后面的名词或代词（或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句）构成介词短语，才能在句子中充当一个成分。

介词后面的名词，代词或相当于名词的部分称为介词宾语，简称介宾。

2介词的分类1）根据介词的构成形式，可将介词分为简单介词，合成介词，双重介词，短语介词四类。

而小学英语中涉及到的介词仅为简单介词和一些短语介词，如：after（在……之后），against（反对），along （沿着），among（在……之中），at（在），behind（在……后面），near（在……附近），into（在……里），in（在……内，用，戴），from（从），for（为，给），except（除……之外），by（乘，在，由，到），on the left(在左边),on the right(在右边)······2）根据介词的意义，可将介词分为表示空间关系的介词，表示时间的介词，表示原因，目的的介词，表示手段的介词和其他介词。

如：表示时间的介词in，on，at，表示方位的介词in，on，to······下文则主要是从介词的意义方面来讲介词的用法。

Through the TunnelGoing to the shore on the first morning of the holiday, the young English boy stopped at a turning of the path and looked down at a wild and rocky bay, and then over to the crowded beach he knew so well from other years. His mother walked on in front of him, carrying a bright-striped bag in one hand. Her other arm, swinging loose, was very white in the sun. The boy watched that white, naked arm, and turned his eyes, which had a frown behind them, towards the bay and back again to his mother. When she felt he was not with her, she swung round. "Oh, there you are, Jerry.”She said. She looked impatient, and then smiled. "Why, darling, would you rather not come with me? Would you rather..." She frowned, conscientiously worrying over what amusements he might secretly be longing for which she had been too busy or too careless to imagine. He was very familiar with that anxious, apologetic smile. Contrition sent him running after her. And yet, as he ran, he looked back over his shoulder at the wild bay, and all morning, as he played on the safe beach, he was thinking of it.Next morning, when it was time for the routine of swimming and sunbathing, his mother said, "Are you tired of the usual beach, Jerry? Would you like to go somewhere else?""Oh, no!" he said quickly, smiling at her out of that unfailing impulse of contrition a sort of chivalry. Yet, walking down the path with her, he blurted out , "I'd like to go and have a look at those rocks down there."She gave the idea her attention. It was a wild-looking place, and there was no one there, but she said, "Of course, Jerry. When you've had enough, come to the big beach. Or just go straight back to the villa, if you like." She walked away, that bare arm, now slightly reddened from yesterday's sun, swinging. And he almost ran after her again, feeling it unbearable that she should go by herself, but he did not.She was thinking: Of course he's old enough to be safe without me. Have I been keeping him too close? He mustn't feel he ought to be with me. I must be careful.He was an only child, eleven years old. She was a widow. She was determined to be neither possessive nor lacking in devotion. She went worrying off to her beach.As for Jerry, once he saw that his mother had gained her beach, he began the steep descent to the bay . From where he was, high up among red-brown rocks, it was a scoop of moving bluish green fringed with white. As he went lower, he saw that it spread among small promontories and inlets of rough, sharp rock, and the crisping, lapping surface showed stains of purple and darker blue. Finally, as he ran sliding and scraping down the last few yards, he saw an edge of white surf, and the shallow, luminous movement of water over white sand, and, beyond that, a solid, heavy blue.He ran straight into the water and began swimming. He was a good swimmer. He went out fast over the gleaming sand, over a middle region where rocks lay like discolored monsters under the surface, and then he was in the real sea a warm sea where irregular cold currents from the deep water shocked his limbs.When he was so far out that he could look back not only on the little bay but past the promontory that was between it and the big beach, he floated on the buoyant surface and looked for his mother. There she was a speck of yellow under an umbrella that looked like a slice of orange-peel. He swam back to shore, relieved at being sure she was there, but all atonce very lonely.On the edge of a small cape that marked the side of the bay away from the promontory was a loose scatter of rocks. Above them, some boys were stripping off their clothes. They came running, naked, down to the rocks. The English boy swam towards them, and kept his distance at a stone's throw. They were of that coast, all of them burned smooth dark brown, and speaking a language he did not understand. To be with them, of them, was a craving that filled his whole body. He swam a little closer; they turned and watched him with narrowed, alert dark eyes. Then one smiled and waved. It was enough. In a minute he had swum in and was on the rocks beside them, smiling with a desperate, nervous supplication. They shouted cheerful greetings at him, and then, as he preserved his nervous, uncomprehending smile , they understood that he was a foreigner strayed from his own beach, and they proceeded to forget him . But he was happy. He was with them.They began diving again and again from a high point into a well of blue sea between rough, pointed rocks. After they had dived and come up, they swam round, hauled themselves up , and waited their turn to dive again. They were big boys men to Jerry. He dived, and they watched him, and when he swam round to take his place, they made way for him. He felt he was accepted, and he dived again, carefully, proud of himself.Jerry dived, shot past the school of underwater swimmers , saw a black wall of rock looming at him , touched it, and bobbed up at once to the surface, where the wall was a low barrier he could see across. There was no one visible; under him, in the water, the dim shapes of the swimmers had disappeared. Then one and then another of the boys came up on the far side of the barrier of rock, and he understood that they had swum through some gap or hole in it. He plunged down again. He could see nothing through the stinging salt water but the blank rock. When he came up, the boys were all on the diving rock, preparing to attempt the feat again. And now, in a panic of failure, he yelled up, in English, "Look at me ! Look!" and he began splashing and kicking in the water like a foolish dog.They looked down gravely, frowning. He knew the frown. At moments of failure, when he clowned to claim his mother's attention, it was with just this grave, embarrassed inspection that she rewarded him. Through his hot shame, feeling the pleading grin on his face like a scar that he could never remove, he looked up at the group of big brown boys on the rock and shouted "Bonjour! Merci! Au revoir! Monsieur, monsieur!" while he hooked his fingers round his ears and waggled them.Water surged into his mouth; he choked, sank, came up. The rock, lately weighted with boys, seemed to rear up out of the water as their weight was removed. They were flying down past him, now, into the water; the air was full of falling bodies. Then the rock was empty in the hot sunlight. He counted one, two, three...At fifty he was terrified. They must all be drowning beneath him, in the watery caves of the rock! At a hundred he stared around him at the empty hillside, wondering if he should yell for help. He counted faster, faster, to hurry them up, to bring them to the surface quickly, to drown them quickly anything rather than the terror of counting on and on into the blue emptiness of the morning. And then, at a hundred and sixty, the water beyond the rock was full of boys blowing like brown whales. They swam back to the shore without a look at him.He climbed back to the diving rock and sat down, feeling the hot roughness of it under his thighs. The boys were gathering up their bits of clothing and running off along the shore toanother promontory. They were leaving to get away from him. He cried openly, fists in his eyes . There was no one to see him, and he cried himself out.It seemed to him that a long time had passed, and he swam out to where he could see his mother. Yes, she was still there, a yellow spot under an orange umbrella. He swam back to the big rock, climbed up, and dived into the blue pool among the fanged and angry boulders . Down he went, until he touched the wall of rock again. But the salt was so painful in his eyes that he could not see.He came to the surface, swam to shore, and went back to the villa to wait for his mother. Soon she walked slowly up the path, swinging her striped bag, the flushed, naked arm dangling beside her. "I want some swimming goggles, " he panted, defiant and beseeching.She gave him a patient, inquisitive look as she said casually, "Well of course, darling."But now, now, now! He must have them this minute, and no other time. He nagged and pestered until she went with him to a shop. As soon as she had bought the goggles, he grabbed them from her hand as if she were going to claim them for herself , and was off, running down the steep path to the bay.Jerry swam out to the big barrier rock, adjusted the goggles, and dived. The impact of the water broke the rubber-enclosed vacuum, and the goggles came loose. He understood that he must swim down to the base of the rock from the surface of the water. He fixed the goggles tight and firm, filled his lungs, and floated, face down, on the water. Now he could see. It was as if he had eyes of a different kind fish-eyes that showed everything clear and delicate and wavering in the bright water.Under him, six or seven feet down, was a floor of perfectly clean, shining white sand, rippled firm and hard by the tides. Two greyish shapes steered there, like long, rounded pieces of wood or slate. They were fish. He saw them nose towards each other, poise motionless, make a dart forward, swerve off, and come round again. It was like a water dance. A few inches above them, the water sparkled as if sequins were dropping through it. Fish again myriads of minute fish, the length of his finger-nail, were drifting through the water, and in a moment he could feel the innumerable tiny touches of them against his limbs. It was like swimming in flaked silver. The great rock the big boys had swum through rose sheer out of the white sand, black, tufted lightly with greenish weed. He could see no gap in it. He swam down to its base. Again and again he rose, took a big chestful of air, and went down. Again and again he groped over the surface of the rock, feeling it, almost hugging it in the desperate need to find the entrance. And then, once, while he was clinging to the black wall, his knees came up and he shot his feet out forward and they met no obstacle. He had found the hole.He gained the surface, clambered about the stones that littered the barrier rock until he found a big one , and, with this in his arms, let himself down over the side of the rock. He dropped, with the weight, straight to the sandy floor. Clinging tight to the anchor of stone, he lay on his side and looked in under the dark shelf at the place where his feet had gone. He could see the hole. It was an irregular, dark gap, but he could not see deep into it. He let go of his anchor, clung with his hands to the edges of the hole, and tried to push himself in.He got his head in, found his shoulders jammed, moved them in sidewise, and was inside as far as his waist. He could see nothing ahead. Something soft and clammy touched his mouth, he saw a dark frond moving against the greyish rock, and panic filled him. He thought of octopuses, of clinging weed. He pushed himself out backward and caught a glimpse, as heretreated, of a harmless tentacle of seaweed drifting in the mouth of the tunnel. But it was enough. He reached the sunlight, swam to shore, and lay on the diving rock. He looked down in the blue well of water. He knew he must find his way through that cave, or hole, or tunnel, and out the other side.First, he thought, he must learn to control his breathing. He let himself down into the water with another big stone in his arms, so that he could lie effortlessly on the bottom of the sea. He counted. One, two, three. He counted steadily. He could hear the movement of blood in his chest. Fifty-one, fifty-two...His chest was hurting. He let go of the rock and went up into the air. He saw that the sun was low. He rushed to the villa and found his mother at her supper. She said only "Did you enjoy yourself?" and he said "Yes".All night the boy dreamed of the water-filled cave in the rock, and as soon as breakfast was over he went to the bay.That night his nose bled badly. For hours he had been underwater, learning to hold his breath, and now he felt weak and dizzy. His mother said, "I shouldn't overdo things, darling, if I were you. "That day and the next, Jerry exercised his lungs as if everything, the whole of his life, all that he would become, depended upon it . And again his nose bled at night, and his mother insisted on his coming with her the next day. It was a torment to him to waste a day of his careful self-training, but he stayed with her on that other beach, which now seemed a place for small children, a place where his mother might lie safe in the sun. It was not his beach.He did not ask for permission, on the following day, to go to his beach. He went, before his mother could consider the complicated rights and wrongs of the matter. A day's rest, he discovered, had improved his count by ten. The big boys had made the passage while he counted a hundred and sixty. He had been counting fast, in his fright . Probably now, if he tried, he could get through that long tunnel, but he was not going to try yet. A curious, most unchildlike persistence, a controlled impatience, made him wait. In the meantime, he lay underwater on the white sand, littered now by stones he had brought down from the upper air, and studied the entrance to the tunnel. He knew every jut and corner of it, as far as it was possible to see. It was as if he already felt its sharpness about his shoulders【考点解析】1. 辨析unfailing (para.3)和lastingunfailing:(尤指优良的特性)无尽的；无穷的；永久的e.g.①with unfailing inter est 永不衰竭的兴趣；②an unfailing admirer of modern art 永远热爱现代艺术的人。

初中连词用法：1. as as作为连词，引导时间状语从句，“当……的时候”，一般用于一般过去时。

例如： As he explored the sea，he took a lot of pictures. 他在探海时，拍了许多照片。

还可以引导原因状语从句，只说明一般的因果关系，语气比because弱，说明比较明显的原因，它引导的从句通常放在句首，有时也放在句尾。

　例如： As the car is expensive，we can’t buy it. 由于汽车太贵，我们买不起。

As everybody has come，we can set off. 既然大家都到了，我们可以动身了。

as　soon　as　一……就 例如： As soon as he arrived in France，he called me. 他一到法国，就给我打电话。

as…as…　表示双方程度相等，“和……一样”。

基本句式： A、主语+谓语（系动词）+as+原级形容词+as…　例如： Xiao Li is as tall as his brother. 小李和他哥哥一样高。

Your jacket is as new as mine. 你的茄克衫和我的一样新。

B、主语+谓语（行为动词）+as+ 原级副词 +as… 例如： He speaks French as fluently as you. 他说法语和你说得一样流利。

Wang Ying teaches maths as conscientiously as her sister.王莹教数学和她姐姐一样认真。

2. a few；few；a little；little few或a few在句中修饰可数名词，后接可数名词复数；也可用来代替复数名词。

其中few表示否定，意为“几乎没有”，a few则表示肯定，意为“有一些”。

例如： Few people lived here many years ago．许多年前几乎没有人住在这儿。

穿越海底隧道的英语作文Crossing the Undersea Tunnel。

The undersea tunnel is one of the most amazing engineering feats in the world. It is a tunnel that runs beneath the sea, connecting two land masses that are separated by water. The tunnel is usually made of concreteor steel, and it is designed to withstand the pressure of the water above it.I had always been fascinated by the idea of crossingthe undersea tunnel, so when I had the opportunity to do so, I jumped at the chance. I was on a trip to Europe, and oneof the things on my bucket list was to cross the undersea tunnel that connects England and France. The tunnel iscalled the Channel Tunnel, or the Chunnel for short.The Chunnel is 31 miles long, and it took us about 35 minutes to cross it. We boarded the Eurostar train in London, and it took us through the tunnel to Calais, France.The train travels at a speed of about 100 miles per hour, and it was a smooth ride.As we entered the tunnel, I couldn't help but feel a little nervous. I was crossing the English Channel, one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world, and I was doing it underground. But as we traveled deeper into the tunnel, my nerves began to calm. The tunnel is well-lit, and there are emergency exits every few hundred meters.The Chunnel is an engineering marvel. It was built in the 1990s, and it took over five years to complete. The tunnel was dug using a giant boring machine, and it was lined with concrete and steel. The tunnel is divided into three sections: two rail tunnels and a service tunnel. The rail tunnels are used by trains, while the service tunnelis used for maintenance and emergencies.As we emerged from the tunnel on the French side, Ifelt a sense of accomplishment. I had crossed the undersea tunnel, something that only a few people in the world have done. The Chunnel is a testament to human ingenuity andengineering, and it is a symbol of the close ties between England and France.In conclusion, crossing the undersea tunnel was an unforgettable experience. The Chunnel is an amazing engineering feat, and I feel lucky to have had the opportunity to cross it. If you ever have the chance to cross the undersea tunnel, I highly recommend it. It is an experience that you will never forget.。

英语基础语法·介词1. 介词的定义介词是一种用来表示词与词, 或者词与句之间的关系的词,在句中不能单独作句成分.介词一定要有宾语,充当宾语的一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其它词、短语或句子,短语或从句.2. 介词的种类<1>简单介词,如at, in off, on, by, to, with等.<2>合成介词,如into, inside, within, throughout等.<3>短语介词,如according to, because of, in addition to, in front of, in spite of等.<4>二重介词,如from behind, from among, until after, at about等.3. 介词的宾语<1>名词：Let’s go for a walk along the river. 咱们到江边散散步.<2>代词：He’s standing in front of me. 我站在我前面.<3>形容词：Her pronunciation is far from perfect. 她的语音远不是完美的.注：有的形容词前可看作是省略了being.<4>动名词：He’s good at drawing.他善长绘画.<5>过去分词：I took it for granted that she was for England.我还以为她是英国的.注：过去分词作介词宾语只限于take…for granted 结构和用于regard…as后.<6>不定式：I had no choice but to lie down. 除了躺下外我别无选择.She did nothing but cry.她只是哭.注：介词后通常是不能用不定式作宾语的,只有表示"除……外〞的but, except 等个别介词能接不定式作宾语.前面有行为动词do时,不定式不用to,否则要带to.<7>疑问词+不定式：I don’t know how to improve my English.我不知道如何提高我的英语水平.<8>副词：I didn’t know it until recently. 直到最近我才知道此事.<9>数词：He was among the first to arrive. 他是第一批到的.<10>介词短语：She won’t go home until after the exam. 她要考完试之后再回家.<11>从句：Think of what I said. 想想我说的话<from yygrammar >.I’m worried about where he is. 我担心他上哪儿去了.I have doubts about whether<不用if> he is the best man for the job. 我怀疑他是否做这项工作的最好人选.He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病.注：除except that, in that等后可接that从句外,通常只接连接代词、连接副词与whether引导的从句,也不接if引导的从句.4. 介词短语的作用介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,其用法如下：<1>作定语：The girl in red is my sister. 穿红衣的那个女孩是我妹妹.注：介词短语作定语总是放在它所修饰的名词后面.<2>作状语：Can you say it in English? 这个你会用英语说吗？<3>作表语：He’s in the office. 他在办公室.<4>作补语：I always find her at her studies. 我经常发现她在学习.<5>作介词宾语：I saw her from across the street. 我从街对面望见了她.英语常用介词用法与辨析■表示方位的介词：in, to, on1. in 表示在某地X围之内.如：Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. ##在中国的东部.2. to 表示在某地X围之外.如：Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面.3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤.如：Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边.■表示计量的介词：at, for, by1. at表示"以……速度〞"以……价格〞.如：It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行.I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车.2. for表示"用……交换,以……为代价〞.如：He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了.注意：at表示单价<price> ,for表示总钱数.3. by表示"以……计〞,后跟度量单位.如：They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬.Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的.■表示材料的介词：of, from, in1. of成品仍可看出原料.如：This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的.2. from成品已看不出原料.如：Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的.3. in表示用某种材料或语言.如：Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格.They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈<from yygrammar >.注意：in指用材料,不用冠词；而with指用工具,要用冠词.请比较：draw in pencil/draw with a pencil.■表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on1. by用某种方式,多用于交通.如by bus乘公共汽车,by e-mail. 通过电子.注意：表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词.请比较：I went there by bus/in a bus. 我是坐公共汽车去的那儿.2. with表示"用某种工具〞.如：He broke the window with a stone. 他用石头把玻璃砸坏了.注意：with表示用某种工具时,必须用冠词或物主代词.3. on表示"以……方式〞,多用于固定词组.They talked on the telephone. 他们通过进行交谈.She learns English on the radio/on TV. 她通过收音机/电视学英语.■表示关于的介词：of, about, on1. of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事.如：He spoke of the film the other day. 他前几天提到了这部影片.He thought about this matter yesterday. 他昨天考虑了这件事.2. about指"关于〞某人或某事物的较详细的情况.如：Can you tell me something about yourself? 你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗？3. on指"关于〞学术性的或严肃的事.如：It’s a textbook on the history of china. 它是一本有关中国历史的教科书.■表原因或理由的介词：for, at, from, of, with, by, because of1. for表示原因,常与sorry, famous, punish, praise, thank, blame等词连用.如：I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不该对你讲那些话.2. at指情感变化的原因,意为"因听到或看到而……〞.如：He was surprised at the news. 听到这消息他大吃一惊.3. from指"外在的原因〞,如受伤、车祸等.如：He died from the wound. 他因受伤而致死.4. of指"内在的原因〞,如病、饿等.如：The old man died of hunger. 老人死于饥饿.5. with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因.如：Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 他们听到这个消息,欣喜若狂.He was shaking with anger. 他气得浑身发抖.6. by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因.Her body was bent by age. 他因年老背弯了.She took your umbrella by mistake. 我因弄错拿了你的雨伞.7. because of 表示引起结果的直接原因.如：He retired last month because of illness/because he ill.8. owing to多表示引起某不良后果的原因.如：Owing to the rain they could not come. 由于下雨他们没来.9. thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常译为"幸亏……,多亏……〞.如：Thanks to John, we won the game. 多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛.10. out of表示动机的起因,常译为"出于……〞.如：He asked the question out of curiosity. 他出于好奇才问了那个问题.11. through多表示因局部而影响全局的原因.如：The war was lost through bad organization. 战争因组织不周而失败了.■表示好像或当作的介词：like, as1. like表示"像……一样〞,其实不是.如：Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud. 彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪.2. as表示"作为,以……身份〞,其实也是.如：He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话.注：as作连词时,可表示"好像……〞.如：The work is not so difficult as you imagin这工作不像你想像的那么困难.■表示支持或反对的介词：against, foragainst反对,for支持,互为反义词.如：Are you for my idea or against it? 你赞同还是反对我的想法？■表示除某人某物外的介词：besides, except1. besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的"除……外,还〞.如：Thirty students went to the cinema besides him. 除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影.<他和另外30人都去了>He is interested in tennis besides〔=as well as〕football. 除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣.2. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的"除去〞.如<from yygrammar >：Everyone is excited except me. 除我以外的每个人都很激动.〔他们激动,而我却不激动〕All the visitors are Japanese except him. 除他以外的所有游客都是日本人.〔其他人是日本人,可他不是〕注意：<A> except通常与表示全体的all, every连用；若与other连用,只能用besides.如：He had other people to take care of besides me. 除我之外,他还要照顾别人.<B> except是排除同类；而except for是排除非同类,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加上修正.如：The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几处拼写错误之外,这篇作文整体还是不错的.<作文与拼写错误是非同类的>但except for也可代替except,特别是在句首时,因为except是不能用于句首的.如：Except George, you can all go. 除乔治外,你们都可以去.■表示时间的介词：1．at, on, in<1> at表示"在某一时刻、某一时间点〞at 5:30在5:30 at sunrise 日出时at lunch 午饭时at noon正午时at night 夜间I get up at 6:00 every day. 我每天6:00起床.表示"在……岁〞时用at the age of….如：at the age of five 在五岁时<2> on表示"在具体某一天或某天的上、下午〞.如：on Monday在星期一on April 1st在四月一日I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我听到一声枪响.泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night；但若指具体某一天的上述时段时,则一律用on.如：on the afternoon of May 23 在五月二十三日下午<3> in表示"在某月、季节、年、世纪〞以与泛指的上、下午、晚上.in September在九月in winter在冬季in 1999 在1999年in the 20th century在20世纪in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上2．for, during, through<1> for表示"一段时间〞,后接与数词连用的时间名词.多与完成时连用.I’ve been a soldier for 5 years.我入伍已5年了.She has been ill for several days. 她已经病了几天了.表示"持续一段时间〞时,for后面必须跟"数字+时间名词〞,而during后决不可接数字.<2> during表示"在……期间〞He visited many nice places during his stay here.在他逗留期间他参观了许多美丽的地方. What did you do during the summer vacation? 你在暑假做了什么？<3> through表示"一直……,自始至终〞They worked hard through the winter.整个冬天他们都在努力工作.She treated me like her brother through these years. 这些年来她始终把我当哥哥对待. 3．from, since<1> from 作"从……〞解,多用于"from…to/till…〞中.You can come anytime from Monday to Friday. 周一至周五你什么时间来都行.The exam will start from 9:00am. 考试将从上午九点开始.①from"从……〔开始〕〞未必持续到现在,如：from 1995 to 1998.从1995年到1998年.而since是指"自从……以来一直持续到现在〞②since一般只与现在完成时连用,而from不受此限.<2> since表示"自从……以来〔直到现在〕〞He has been away from home since 1973.他自从1973年就离开了家乡.We have known each other since ten years ago.我们十年前就认识了.for与since表示一段时间,但for与时间段连用,而since与时间点连用.如for two hours〔持续〕两小时；since last week自从上周直到现在4．before, by, till, until<1> before指"在……之前〞Please come before ten o’clock.请10点以前来.The meeting will end after 3:00 p.m.会议将在下午三点后结束.表示"在……以前〞时,before与by基本可通用.但by还有"截至……为止〞之意,此时可与完成时连用,而before一般不与完成时连用.如：How many models have you made by the end of last month?截至上月底你做了多少个模型？<2> by指"不迟于,到……时为止,在……以前〞I must finish my homework by lunch.午饭前我必须做完作业.We had learned over 1000 words by the end of last term.到上学期末为止,我们已经学了1000多个单词了.<3> tell <until> "直到……为止〞You must wait for him till tomorrow.你必须一直等他到明天.He didn’t come back until twelve o’clock last night.他昨晚到12点才回来.在肯定句中,till <until>必须与延续动词连用.若与点动词连用,till <until>只能用于否定句中. 5．after, in, within①after表示"在……之后〞,是before的反义词.We’ll hold a party after dinner.晚餐后我们将举办晚会.He got a cancer and died after a year.他患了癌症,一年后去世了.I’ll phone you after I arrive.到达后我给你打.〔after作连词〕②within"在……时间之内〞I can finish it within an hour.我不需一小时就可把它做完.③in"在……时间之后〞I’ll arrive in an hour.我一小时后到达.比较after与in①after后可跟时间段,也可跟时间点,如after school〔放学后〕,而in后必须跟一段时间,如in an hour〔一小时后〕.②after既可用于将来时,也可用于过去时,而in只能用于将来时.③after既可作介词,又可作连词,而in只能作介词in与within后都必须跟时间段.表示"地点、方向〞的介词：1．in,outside,between, among①in表示"在……里面〞,如：What’s in the box? 盒子里是什么？She put her book in the desk. 她把书放进了书桌.②outside指"在……外面〞There are many people outside the room.房间外有很多人.What did your see outside the hall? 你在大厅外看见了什么？③between在……之间〔指二者〕There is a hospital between the hotel and the post office.在宾馆与邮局之间有所医院.The building stands between the park and the small river. 那栋建筑位于公园和小河之间. between是指"在两者之间〞,而among指"在多个之间〞.④among在……之间〔指三者以上〕"There is a thief among you.〞The policeman shouted to the crowd.警察向人群喊道："你们中间有个小偷！〞He found his place among the crowd. 他在人群中找到了他的位置.2．on, above, over, below, under<1> on在……上面,表面相互接触.There is an apple on the table. 桌上有一个苹果.On the top of the hill, there is a flag. 山顶有一面旗子.<2> above只表示"在……上方或位置高出……〞,与below相对.A plane flew above our heads.一架飞机从我们头上飞过.The Turners live above us. 特纳一家人住在我们的上面.<3> over"在……正上方〞,与under相对.There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥.The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那X图挂在黑板的正上方.<4> below在……下方,低于……There are many flowers below the window.窗下有很多花.Her skirt reaches just below her knees.她的裙子刚到膝盖下.<5> under在……正下方They sat under a big tree, drinking.他们坐在一棵大树下喝酒.What are you wearing under your coat? 你外套里面穿了什么？3．near, by, beside<1> near在……附近,与far相对A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院. My home is near the school. 我的家离学校很近.<2> by = beside,靠近,在……旁边,比near距离更近He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.在电影院他就坐在我旁边.He lay down beside the statuary. 他在雕像旁躺下了.4．in front of, behind, around<1> in front of在……前面A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一条河They put a bunch of flowers in front of the door. 他们在门前放了一束花. in the front of表示"在……前部〞,指里面.There is a red chair in the front of the room.在房间前半部有把红椅子.<2> behind在……后面A high building stands behind the village.村子后面有一高层建筑.The cat lies behind the door. 猫躺在门后面.<3> around在……周围,围绕There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕.There are flowers around the stage. 舞台周围摆着鲜花.5．from, to, for, into, out of<1> from从……The train started from Paris.火车发自巴黎.She will fly from Beijing to Hong Kong. 她将从飞往##.<2> to到……〔目的地〕去,向……He went to Germany last year.他去年去了德国.They got to the town very late. 他们很晚才到那个镇.<3> for向……,表目的方向He left for Tianjin on business yesterday.他昨天出差去##了.The train for Shanghai has been away. 去往##的火车已经开走了.towards, to和for都可表示"向……〞,其区别如下：①towards仅指朝向某个方向,不一定是目的地,而to和for都是"向目的地〞.②for作"向〔目的地〕〞时,常用于固定搭配中,如：leave for; start for<4> into进入Please put the water into the bottle.请把水倒入瓶子里.The teacher came into the classroom with a smile. 老师微笑着走进了教室.<5> out of从……出来A beautiful girl in red went out of the shop.一个穿红衣服的漂亮女孩从商店里走了出来. They pulled him out of the water. 他们把他从水里拉了出来.6．along, across, through<1> along沿着He likes to drive along the river.他喜欢沿着河开车.There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the road / street. 沿街有着各种美丽的花.<2> across横穿The little girl is afraid to go across the street.这个小女孩不敢横穿马路.It’s dangerous to run across the busy road. 跑着穿越繁忙的马路是很危险的.<3> through穿过It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.开车穿过这条隧道花了我们10分钟时间. He pushed his way through the crowd to the platform. 他从人群里挤到了站台.7．at, in二者都表示"在某个地方〞,但at多指较小的地方,如车站、家等,而in多指在"大地方〞,如城市、国家、大洲等.〔但大小有时也是相对的〕.He lives at No.27 Zhongshan street in Nanjing.他住在##市##路27号.The plane will arrive in Beijing at 13:00. 飞机将于13点到达.习题练习1. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning.A. on; inB. at; inC. at; onD. in; on2. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _______ the year of 2000.A. sinceB. inC. onD. by3. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.A. in; toB. to; toC. to; inD. in; in4. Japan lies ______ the east of China.A. toB. inC. aboutD. at5. I won’t believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words ______ I have tested him myself.A. afterB. whenC. ifD. until6. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours ______ he realized it.A. whenB. untilC. afterD. before7. Look ＿＿＿the map ＿＿＿China ＿＿＿the wall, please.A after, of, inB at, of, inC after, in, onD at, of, on8. - Please remember to come to my birthday party.- I see. I'll come ＿＿＿Saturday evening.A inB atC onD for9. They will have a maths test ＿＿＿two daysA forB atC inD after10. My brother joined the army ＿＿＿A 1989, MarchB in March, 1989C March, 1989D 1989, in March11.We had our breakfast ＿＿＿a quarter ＿＿＿sevenA /, toB in, toC at, toD on, to12. It's good manners to wait ＿＿＿lineA inB onC atD with13. How many English words had you learnt ＿＿＿last term?A by the end ofB at the end ofC to the end ofD till the end of14. I was born ＿＿＿the night ＿＿＿September 15, 1978A in, on Bat, on Cat, in Don, of15. It's a bad manner to laugh ＿＿＿people when they are ＿＿＿troubleA over, in Bat, in C in, at D at, for16. The people's Republic of China was founded ＿＿＿1949A withB onC sinceD in17. He arrived _____ Guangzhou ____ noon.A. in; inB. to; atC. in; atD. at; in18. They work _____ a small farm _____ a river.A. on; byB. at; onC. by; onD. in; in19. --When will Mr Black come to Beijing?--____September 5th.A. OnB. ToC.AtD. In20. ____ the night before Christmas Day, parents fill their children’s stockings with small presents.A. OfB. AtC.ToD. On附：常见"介词+名词/代词〞短语as a matter of fact 其实,事实as a result结果,因此as a rule通常at a time 每次,一次.at all events 无论如何at any rate无论如何,至少at first sight 乍一看,初看起来at first起初at hand 在手边,在附近at heart 在内心；实质上at home 在家,在国内at last终于at least至少at length最后,详细地at no time 从不,决不at once立刻at one time 同时,曾经,从前曾at present 目前,现在at the moment 现在,此刻by accidence/chance偶然by all means 无论如何,必定by hand 用手by heart 牢记,凭记忆by means of 借助于,用by mistake 错误地by no means 决不by oneself 独自地by reason of 由于by the way顺便说for <the> purpose of 为了for a moment 片刻,一会儿for a while一会儿for example例如for instance 例如,举例说for one thing 首先,一则for oneself为了自己for the moment 现在,暂时for the present目前,暂时in <the> future 今后,将来in a hurry 匆忙地,立即in a moment 立刻,马上in a sense从某种意义上说in addition 另外in any event无论如何in case 假如,以防<万一> 免得in common共同,共有in conclusion总之in danger 在危险中in debt欠债in detail详细地in effect有效；实际上in fact 其实,实际上in general 通常,大体上in half 成两半in hand 在掌握中,在控制中in line成一直线,排成一行in nature 本质上in order 秩序井然,整齐in particular 特别地,尤其,详细地in person亲自in place在适当的位置in practice在实际中,实际上in public公开地,当众in return作为报答,作为回报in secret 秘密地,私下地in shape处于良好状态.in sight被看到,在望in spite of 不管,不顾in step同步,合拍in sum总而言之in tears流着泪,含泪,哭in the distance在远处in the first place起初,首先in the last place最后in the least 一点,丝毫in the long run 最终,从长远观点看in the past 在过去,以往in time 与时of course 当然off duty 下班on <the> one hand. . . 一方面……on average平均,一般说来on business 因公,因事on duty 值班,上班on earth 究竟,到底on fire烧着on foot 步行on hand 在手边,临近on one’s own 独自地,独立地on one’s way在去某地的路上on purpose故意,有意on the other hand. . . 另一方面……on the second thoughts 经重新考虑,一转念on the spot 当场,在现场on the telephone用on time准时out of breath 喘不过气来out of control失去控制out of danger脱离危险out of date 过期<时> 的out of order发生故障,失调out of place不得其所的,不适当的out of practice久不练习out of sight看不见,在视野之外out of step步调不一致,不协调to the point切中要害,切题under control被控制中up to date 时新的as a result of由于……的结果in honor of以纪念,向……表示敬意in favo<u> r of 有利于,赞成,支持in front of 在……面前in line with与……一致,按照in place of 代替in memory of纪念in the light of按照,根据in/with relation to 关系到with respect to关于with the exception of 除……之外with the purpose of为了"形容词+介词〞短语be absent for缺席be active in在某方面活跃be afraid of害怕be angry at sth. 因某事生气be angry with sb. 对某人生气be anxious/eager for渴望.be bad for对……有害be busy with sth. 忙于某事be capable of 能be content with满足于be delighted with因……感到高兴be different from与……不同be familiar with sth. 对……熟悉be famous for因……著名be far from离……远be filled with装满be fit for适合be fond of喜爱be full of充满be good at擅长于be good for对……有益be interested in对……感兴趣be kind/good to sb. 对某人友好be pleased at/about因……感到高兴be pleased/satisfied with对……感到满意be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎be proud of为……感到自豪be short of缺少be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be successful in在某方面成功be sure/certain of对……有把握be tired of厌卷be useful to对某人有益be weak in在某方面差be worried about当心。

Lesson 64 The Channel Tunnel【New words and expressions】（13）56tunnel[ ♦✈⏹●] n. 隧道★tunnel n. 隧道channel n. 海峡（The Channel 英吉利海峡）port [☐♦] n. 港口ventilate[ ♏⏹♦♓●♏♓♦] v. 通风★ventilate v. 通风★ventilation n. 通风Forced Ventilation 强制排风系统（forced [♐♦♦] adj. 被迫的，强迫的，动用武力的）air v. 通风Air the room, please! 给房间通通风chimney[ ♦☞♓❍⏹♓] n. 烟囱sea level[♦♓●♏☎☜✆●] 海平面double[ ♎✈♌●] adj. 双的★double adj. 双的字母W 的读音就是“double u”，意为两个u 构成w .couple，pair 两个a couple of weeksa pair of shoes/socks/glasses 一副眼镜ventilation [ ♏⏹♦♓●♏♓☞☜⏹] n. 通风fear[♐♓☜] v. 害怕★fear v. 害怕①vt. 害怕，畏惧sb. fear doing sth. 害怕做……She fears speaking in public.sb. fear sth. 害怕……I feared darkness.be afraid of 害怕……I am afraid of dogs.be afraid of / fear 人做主语②vt. 恐怕，猜想（比be afraid要正式）fear that… 恐怕……We fear /It is feared/ We‟re afraid that many lives have been lost in the crash.be afraid that… = I am sorry. 恐怕……（婉言谢绝）Can you help me?I am afraid I can't. = I am afraid not.fright / frighten / frightening / frightened / frightfulsth. frighten sb. = sth. scare sb. ……吓了……一跳You frightened/scared me.The doy frightened me.frighten = scare是因某件突然的事情才让某人产生了害怕的情绪，句子后边的部分是人horrify [ ♒❒♓♐♋♓] v. 使恐怖, 使极度厌恶, 惊骇horrified [♊♒❒✋♐♋✋♎] adj. 惊悸的, 带有恐怖感的, 惊骇的invasion[♓⏹♏♓✞☜⏹] n. 入侵，侵略★invasion n. 入侵, 侵略invade [♓⏹♏♓♎] vt. 侵略, 侵袭, 拥挤officially[☜♐✋☞☜●✋ ☎✍✆ ♐] adv. 正式地★officially adv. 正式地official adj. （官方的）正式formally adv. （一般的）正式connect [ ☜⏹♏♦] v. 连接★connect v. 连接connect sth. with/to… 把……和……连接connect A with B (A和B平等)connect A to B (A连到B上去)This road connects the village with/to London.European [ ◆☜❒☜☐♓☎✆☜⏹] adj. 欧洲的★European adj. 欧洲的continent [ ⏹♦♓⏹☜⏹♦] n. 大陆★continent n. 大陆European Continent 欧洲大陆（不包括欧洲岛国）【Text】In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond,arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-miletunnel under the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of theChannel. This platform would serve as a port and arailway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated iftall chimneys were built above sea level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, WilliamLow. He suggested that a double railway-tunnel shouldbe built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, forif a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh airbehind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel. It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.参考译文1858年, 一位名叫埃梅·托梅·德·干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海峡的隧道计划到了英国. 他说, 可以在隧道中央建造一座平台, 这座平台将用作码头和火车站. 如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管, 隧道就具备了良好的通风条件. 1860年, 一位名叫威廉·洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划. 他提议建一条双轨隧道, 这样就解决了通风问题. 因为如果有一列火车开进隧道, 它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道. 42年以后, 隧道实际已经开始建了. 如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵, 隧道早已建成了. 世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工. 它于1994年3月7日正式开通, 将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起.【课文讲解】[00:13.9-00:27.1]In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel.1858年, 一位名叫埃梅·托梅·德·干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海峡的隧道计划到了英国.plan for +名词/动名词……的计划twenty-one-mile 加连字符，用单数，作定语[00:27.1-00:33.2] He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel.他说, 可以在隧道中央建造一座平台,[00:33.2-00:38.8]This platform would serve as a port and a railway station.这座平台将用作码头和火车站.serve as… =serve for… 起……作用，用作……，充当……It will serve as a swimming pool.This sofa can serve as/for (a) bed.[00:38.8-00:45.4]The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level.如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管, 隧道就具备了良好的通风条件.[00:45.4-00:53.1] In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low.1860年, 一位名叫威廉·洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划.put forward (plan/suggestion) 提出（计划、建议等）You know they wouldn‟t accept your plan. Why did you put it forward?[00:53.1-00:58.0]He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.他提议建一条双轨隧道,suggest①vt. 暗示，用法与其他的词相同②vt. 建议，用虚拟语气，后接动词是要用-ing形式，后接that从句采用一种固定的用法“should+动词原形”（should 可省略）I suggested (that) he (should) go home. (that, should 都可省略)He suggested that I should go with him. 他建议我一定要跟他去.insist作“坚持”讲时用法同suggestHe insisted that I should stay to lunch. 他坚持要我留下来吃晚饭.[00:58.0-01:08.0]This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh airbehind it.这样就解决了通风问题. 因为如果有一列火车开进隧道, 它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道.draw in 吸进，如用bring没有draw in 形象、贴切[01:08.0-01:13.1] Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun.42年以后, 隧道实际已经开始建了.[01:13.1-01:21.4] If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed.如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵, 隧道早已建成了.虚拟语气(非真实条件句)中，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，此时主句格式为would have done，would/could/should 都可以情态动词加have done 表示对过去的推测，如must have done，can't have done等[01:21.4-01:27.8]The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel.世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工.wait for sb.wait (for) some timesI have waited five minutes. (for 可不要)I have waited for you (for) five minutes.I have waited five years for you.[01:27.8-01:37.8]It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.它于1994年3月7日正式开通, 将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起.【Summary writing】1 Who planned to build a tunnel under the EnglishChannel in 1858? How would it be ventilated? (Thetunnel, which…)4 Did work begin forty－two years later or not? Why was it stopped? (Though…because)5 When was the Channel Tunnel officially opened?(However)1 先行词, which : 非限定性定语从句The tunnel, which a French engineer planned to buildin 1858, would be ventilated if tall chimmeys were built above sea level.4 Though it was begun (work begin forty-two yearslater), it was stopped because…5 However 起了副词的作用,后面可以直接加一个句子【Composition】1 The English Channel separates Britain from Europe. The country has not been invaded since1066. (Thanks to…which)2 Modern warfare is far more complex. Such fears no longer exist.(However, now that…)3 Britain benefits enormously from a Channel Tunnel. Europe benefits enormously from a Channel Tunnel. (Both…and)1 thanks to 幸亏(to是介词)Thanks to the English Channel which separates British from Europe, the…2 now that 即使；既然Howwever, now that moden warfare is far morecomplex ,such fears no longer exist.即使现代战争越来越复杂了,然而这样的害怕都已经不存在了3 Both Britain and Europe benefit... (注意benefit不能加s)benefit [ ] n. 利益，好处；vt. 有益于，有助于；vi. 受益【Key structures】第3类条件句第3类条件句是在if从句里设想纯粹想像的事情，在主句里讲述想像的结果，谈的是没有或永远不可能有的结果，指的是过去没有过的事情。

穿越隧道的作文400字英文回答：Passing through a tunnel is like entering a different world. The darkness surrounds you, and for a moment, youfeel like you are suspended in time. The only thing guiding you is the dim light at the end of the tunnel. It's athrilling experience that can evoke a mix of emotions.As you enter the tunnel, the world outside disappears. The noise and chaos fade away, and you are left with asense of solitude. It's a moment of reflection, where you can gather your thoughts and escape from the outside world. The tunnel becomes a sanctuary, a place where you can find peace and tranquility.The darkness inside the tunnel can also be intimidating. It's like stepping into the unknown. You can't see whatlies ahead, and you have to trust that the tunnel will lead you to your destination. It's a leap of faith, a test ofyour courage and determination. But as you move forward, the darkness starts to fade, and the light at the end of the tunnel becomes brighter.Once you reach the other side of the tunnel, you are greeted by a burst of light and a sense of relief. It'slike emerging from a cocoon and stepping into a new world. The transition from darkness to light is symbolic of overcoming challenges and finding hope. It's a reminderthat no matter how difficult life may seem, there is always a way out.中文回答：穿越隧道就像进入了一个不同的世界。

火车驶进隧道英语作文英文回答：As the train hurtles into the tunnel, a symphony of mechanical wonders engulfs the night. Its powerful engine roars like a lion, propelling the massive beast forward with relentless determination. The wheels grind against the tracks, creating a metallic symphony that reverberates through the cavernous darkness.Inside the carriages, passengers are enveloped in a surreal cocoon of sound and sensation. The monotonous drone of the engine is a gentle lullaby, soothing their wearied bodies. The rhythmic sway of the train rocks them gently, inducing a sense of tranquility.Through the dimly lit windows, the outside world fades into a blur of motion. The darkness envelops the train, creating a sense of isolation and intimacy. The only source of light comes from the faint glow of the station lights,casting an ethereal glow on the passengers' faces.As the train plunges deeper into the tunnel, the darkness becomes palpable. It presses against the windows like an invisible force, threatening to consume them. The passengers' hearts beat faster with a mix of trepidation and excitement.But amidst the darkness, there is also a sense of wonder and awe. The tunnel, with its smooth, curved walls, is a testament to human ingenuity and engineering prowess. It is a symbol of our ability to conquer the darkness and forge a path forward.And so, the train continues its relentless journey through the tunnel, carrying its passengers toward their destination. The darkness may envelop them, but it cannot extinguish the spirit of adventure and exploration that burns within their hearts.中文回答：当火车冲进隧道时，机械奇迹的交响曲吞噬了黑夜。

英语介词用法辨析及练习答案英语基础语法·介词1. 介词的定义介词是一种用来表示词与词, 或者词与句之间的关系的词，在句中不能单独作句成分。

介词一定要有宾语，充当宾语的一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其它词、短语或句子，短语或从句。

2. 介词的种类(1)简单介词，如at, in off, on, by, to, with等。

(2)合成介词，如into, inside, within, throughout 等。

(3)短语介词，如according to, because of, in addition to, in front of, in spite of等。

(4)二重介词，如from behind, from among, until after, at about等。

3. 介词的宾语(1)名词：Let’s go for a walk along the river. 咱们到江边散散步。

(2)代词：He’s standing in front of me. 我站在我前面。

(3)形容词：Her pronunciation is far from perfect. 她的语音远不是完美的。

注：有的形容词前可看作是省略了being。

(4)动名词：He’s good at drawing.他善长绘画。

(5)过去分词：I took it for granted that she was for England.我还以为她是英国的。

注：过去分词作介词宾语只限于take…for granted 结构和用于regard…as后。

(6)不定式：I had no choice but to lie down. 除了躺下外我别无选择。

She did nothing but cry.她只是哭。

They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。

Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。

Through the Tunnel 中英⽂Through the Tunnel【课⽂译⽂】钻隧洞Doris Lessing 多丽丝?莱⾟16-1 Going to the shore on the first morning of the holiday, the young English boy stopped at a turning of the path and looked down at a wild and rocky bay , and then over to the crowded beach he knew so well from other years.假期的第⼀个早晨，这个英国男孩在去海边的路上的⼀个转弯处停了下来，他俯视着波涛汹涌、礁⽯林⽴的海湾，⼜看了看近年来他⾮常熟悉的拥挤的海滩。

His mother walked on in front of him, carrying a bright-striped bag鲜艳条纹的提包 in one hand.Her other arm, swinging loose , was very white in the sun.他的母亲⾛在他的⾯前，⼀只⼿提着⼀个镶着，她那另⼀只松弛摆动的胳膊在阳光下显得⽩⽩的。

The boy watched that white, naked arm, and turned his eyes, which had a frown behind them, towards the bay and back again to his mother.男孩看了看那裸露的⽩⽩的胳膊，即⽽将视线转向海湾，眼睛有⼀种不⾼兴的神情，接着⼜转向他的母亲。

When she felt he was not with her, she swung round . "Oh, there you are,Jerry. "She said. She looked impatient, then smiled.当她发觉他没有跟她⼀起⾛时，转过⾝来：“哦，你在这⼉呀，杰⾥。