In recent years，teachers of introductory courses in Asian American studies have been facing a dilemma nonexistent a few decades ago，when hardly any texts in that field were available. Today，excellent anthologies (文选) and other introductory texts exist，and books on individual Asian American nationality groups and on general issues important for Asian Americans are published almost weekly. Even professors who are experts in the field find it difficult to decide which of these to assign to students； nonexperts who teach in related areas and are looking for writings for and by Asian Americans to include in survey courses are in an even worse position.
A complicating factor has been the continuing lack of specialized one-volume reference works on Asian Americans， such as biographical dictionaries or desktop encyclopedias. Such works would enable students taking Asian American studies courses (and professors in related fields) to look up basic information on Asian American individuals， institutions， history， and culture without having to wade through（费力的阅读冗长或艰深的材料） mountains of primary source material. In addition, given such works，Asian American studies professors might feel more free to include more challenging Asian American material in their introductory reading lists， since good reference works allow students to acquire on their own the background information necessary to interpret difficult or unfamiliar material.(221 words)
1. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with doing which of the following
(A) Responding to a criticism
(B) Describing a course of study
(C) Discussing a problem
(D) Evaluating a past course of action
2. The “dilemma” mentioned in line 3 can best be characterized as being caused by the necessity to make a choice when faced with a
(A) Lack of acceptable alternatives
(B) Lack of strict standards for evaluating alternatives
(C) Preponderance of bad alternatives as compared to good
(D) Multitude of different alternatives
3. Biographical dictionaries and desktop encyclopedias are ____.
(A) primary source materials
(B) introductory texts
(C) excellent anthologies
(D) reference materials
4. The passage implies that which of the following was true of introductory courses in Asian American studies a few decades ago
(A) The range of different textbooks that could be assigned for such courses was extremely limited.
(B) The texts assigned as readings in such courses were often not very challenging for students.
(C) Students often complained about the texts assigned to them in such courses.
(D) Such courses were offered only at schools whose libraries were rich in primary sources.
5. According to the passage， the existence of good one- volume reference works about Asian Americans could result in
(A) Increased agreement among professors of Asian American studies regarding the quality of the sources available in their field
(B) An increase in the number of students signing up for introductory courses in Asian American studies
(C) Increased accuracy in writings that concern Asian American history and culture
(D) The inclusion of a wider range of Asian American material in introductory reading lists in Asian American studies
1.?文章初读：（只读各段首句）
第一段首句：
In recent years， teachers of introductory courses in Asian American studies have been facing a dilemma nonexistent a few decades ago， when hardly any texts in that field were available.
翻译：近些年，亚裔美国人研究中教授基础课程的老师一直面临着一个困境。而几十年前那个领域没有那么多可选的教材时，这个困境是不存在的。
评：这句话给出了文章的大背景，一种现象。提到了问题解决型文章的标志性词汇dilemma。这是一句非常经典的GMAT阅读句子，逻辑内容很丰富，如下表示：
几十年前→没有dilemma→几乎没有书
现在→有dilemma→ （书很多）
很明显，作者通过这个句子想暗示的是，现在书很多。果然，下一句话说的就是书很多。
第二段首句：
A complicating factor has been the continuing lack of specialized one-volume reference works on Asian Americans，such as biographical dictionaries or desktop encyclopedias.
翻译：一个复杂的因素是一直缺乏专门的关于亚裔美国人的单卷本参考文献，比如说传记式字典或者桌面式百科全书。
评：上来就有一个因果指示词factor，可想而知，这段话是将要去分析造成第一段中dilemma的原因。
2.?文章精读（精读各句，把握逻辑关系）
第一段：（标记重要逻辑关系词及态度评价词）
In recent years， teachers of introductory courses in Asian American studies have been facing a dilemma nonexistent a few decades ago， when hardly any texts in that field were available. Today， excellent anthologies and other introductory texts exist， and books on individual Asian American nationality groups and on general issues important for Asian Americans are published almost weekly. Even professors who are experts in the field find it difficult to decide which of these to assign to students； nonexperts who teach in related areas and are looking for writings for and by Asian Americans to include in survey courses are in an even worse position.
翻译：
近些年，亚裔美国人研究中教授基础课程的老师一直面临着一个困境。而几十年前在那个领域没有那么多可选的教材时，这个困境几乎不存在。今天，优秀的选集或者基础教材比比皆是，关于单独的亚裔美国籍群体和关于亚裔美国人重要的普遍问题书记几乎每周都会
出版。即便是该领域专家的教授们也为向学生推荐哪本教科书而犯难，更不用说在相关领域教书的非专家们，他们寻找为亚裔美国人或由亚裔美国人所写的作品，这些作品包括在调查课程当中。
第二段：（标记重要逻辑关系词及态度评价词）
A complicating factor has been the continuing lack of specialized one-volume reference works on Asian Americans，such as biographical dictionaries or desktop encyclopedias. Such works would enable students taking Asian American studies courses (and professors in related fields) to look up basic information on Asian American individuals， institutions，history， and culture without having to wade through mountains of primary source material. In addition，given such works，Asian American studies professors might feel more free to include more challenging Asian American material in their introductory reading lists，since good reference works allow students to acquire on their own the background information necessary to interpret difficult or unfamiliar material.
翻译：
一个复杂的因素是一直缺乏专门的关于亚裔美国人的单独成卷
的参考文献，比如说传记式字典或者桌面式百科全书。这样的文献可以让学习亚裔美国人研究课程的学生（以及相关领域的教授们）查询关于亚裔美国个人、制度、历史和文化的基本信息而不用跋山涉水以获取一手资料。此外，有了这样的文献，亚裔美国人研究的教授们可能会感到在他们推荐的阅读书单中可以更自由地包括更多挑战性的
亚裔美国人研究材料，因为好的参考文献可以让学生基于其个人背景知识获取必要的信息以解释困难的或者不熟悉的材料。
3.?做题：
1. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with doing which of the following
(A) Recommending a methodology
(B) Describing a course of study
(C) Discussing a problem
(D) Evaluating a past course of action
(E) Responding to a criticism
评：
1) 主旨题：正确答案为(C)。文章类型为解决型文章，主旨必为正态度或无态度，不过本题中五个选项都不涉及负态度，不能排除。但是有万能选项(C)，再分析其它选项看是否有硬伤，以确定(C)项是否正确。
2) 错项分析：
(A)：无中生有：方法论是一套系统的原则、做法或方法，文章并未提及。
(B)：无中生有：作者并未描述亚裔美国人研究中的一门专门的课程，而是指出了在这个领域中所有课程都有的问题。
(D)：与原文相反：作者讨论的是现状，开头的in recent years 暗示了时间段。
(E)：无中生有：如果作者是要回应一个批评，文章应该要引用批评的来源，并且讨论这些来源的基础。但是文章并没有引用这样的来源。
2. The “dilemma” mentioned in line 3 can best be characterized as being caused by the necessity to make a choice when faced with a
(A) Lack of acceptable alternatives
(B) Lack of strict standards for evaluating alternatives
(C) Preponderance of bad alternatives as compared to good
(D) Multitude of different alternatives
(E) Large number of alternatives that are nearly identical in content
1) 直接细节题：正确答案为(D)。问题是让读者考虑作者使用“dilemma”的语境。原文第一句指出这种困境从前不曾有过，因为当时几乎没有可用的教材。第二句介绍了现状：当有如此多的可选教材时，从中选择存在困难。
2) 错项分析：
(A)：背道而驰：原文第二句说了现状不是缺乏而是过剩。
(B)：无中生有：原文并没有提及评价各种的教材的严格标准。
(C)：与原文相反：作者称anthologies excellent，并且没有以负面的态度描述alternatives
(E)：与原文相反：原文第二句给出了四种材料： anthologies，introductory texts， books on individual nationality groups，books on general issues. 这些材料内容各异。
3. The passage suggests that the factor mentioned in lines 15-18 complicates professors' attempts to construct introductory reading lists for courses in Asian American studies in which of the following ways
(A) By making it difficult for professors to identify primary source material and to obtain standard information on Asian American history and culture
(B) By preventing professors from identifying excellent anthologies and introductory texts in the field that are both recent and understandable to students
(C) By preventing professors from adequately evaluating the quality of the numerous texts currently being published in the field
(D) By making it more necessary for professors to select readings for their courses that are not too challenging for students unfamiliar with Asian American history and culture
(E)By making it more likely that the readings professors assign to students in their courses will be drawn solely from primary materials.
评：
1)?间接细节题：正确答案为(D)。the complicating factor指的是缺乏参考文献。而在文章最后一句讨论了这个因素如何影响教授制定其引导性书单：如果学生有好的参考文献可供查询，教授们的书单选材自由度可以更大，可选更多有挑战性的材料。言外之意即是：当前教授没法将挑战性材料列入书单因为这种材料对学生而言太难
或太不熟悉。
2)?错项分析：
(A)：确定最重要的第一手材料不是问题，作者指出
(B)：缺乏参考文献并不阻碍教授们鉴定近期出版的大量可用资源。第二段提到这些资源
(C)：无中生有：作者并没有将参考材料缺乏和教材评估不足联系起来。
(E)：无中生有：文章没有暗示教授们仅仅会使用最重要的材料。
4. The passage implies that which of the following was true of introductory courses in Asian American studies a few decades ago
(A) The range of different textbooks that could be assigned for such courses was extremely limited.
(B) The texts assigned as readings in such courses were often not very challenging for students.
(C) Students often complained about the texts assigned to them in such courses.
(D) Such courses were offered only at schools whose libraries were rich in primary sources.
(E) Such courses were the only means then available by which people in the United States could acquire knowledge of the field.
评：
1）间接细节题：正确答案为(A)。根据原文第一句：近年来，老师们面临着过去几十年不曾有过的困境，那些年几乎没有教材可选。根据这句话，可以合理推测几十年前，这个领域中的基础课程老师鲜有教材可选。
2）错项分析：
(B)：无中生有：文章没有信息可以推断出关于过去阅读的难度。
(C)：无中生有：文章没有涉及学生对阅读材料作何反应的信息。
(D)：无中生有：文章没有讨论可在学校图书馆获取的首要来源材料。
(E)：无中生有：作者没有说基础课程是获取该领域知识的唯一方法。
5. According to the passage， the existence of good
one-volume reference works about Asian Americans could result in
(A) Increased agreement among professors of Asian American studies regarding the quality of the sources available in their field
(B) An increase in the number of students signing up for introductory courses in Asian American studies
(C) Increased accuracy in writings that concern Asian American history and culture
(D) The use of introductory texts about Asian American history and culture in courses outside the field of Asian American studies
(E) The inclusion of a wider range of Asian American material in introductory reading lists in Asian American studies
评：
1）? 间接细节题：正确答案为(E)。第二段中作者确定了有一本专门的关于亚裔美国人的参考文献带来的好处：a. 学生可以更容易地查询基本信息， b. 教授可以推荐更有挑战性的教材，因为学生有地方查询用于理解这些教材的信息。E项符合好处b。
2）?错项分析：
(A)：无中生有：作者没有暗示参考文献有助于增加关于资源质量意见的共识，也没有质疑这些资源的质量。
(B)：无中生有：作者没有将参考文献的可用性和课程的普及程度联系起来。
(C)：无中生有：作者没有说参考文献的可用性将提高有关该领域作品的精确性。
(D)：无中生有：文章没有信息暗示一本上乘的专门关于亚裔美国人的参考文献的出现将使这个领域外的其它领域也受益。
Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people's physical or psychological health. What are positive ionsWell，the air is full of ions，electrically charged particles，and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm，earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral，Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres，or from TV sets，duplicators or computer display screens.
When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches，fatigue，irritability，and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected，particularly before earthquakes，snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation，rats to flee from their burrows，dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.
Conversely，when large numbers of negative ions are present，then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are
near the sea，close to waterfalls or fountains，or in any place where water is sprayed，or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea， or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.
To increase the supply of negative ions indoors，some scientists recommend the use of ionisers：small portable machines，which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course，there are the detractors，other scientists，who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves，or on others，of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat. (411 words)
effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people
think they are insane.
feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.
become violently sick.
are too tired to do anything.
accordance with the passage，static electricity can be caused by___.
home-made electrical goods.
clothes made of natural materials.
on artificial floor coverings.
computer screens.
high negative ion count is likely to be found___.
a pound with a water pump.
to a slow-flowing river.
in some barren mountains.
a rotating water sprinkler.
kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors
.
.
pumps.
scientists believe that___.
animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.
unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.
watching nor using seismographs is reliable.
答案：ＢＣＤＡＡ精心搜
Passage 1 By the time the Olympics begin in Atlanta this summer, the business world will have spent more than $ 1 billion to link their names and products to the Olympic Games. There are 10 Worldwide Sponsors, 10 Centennial Olympic Partners, about 20 regular sponsors and more than a hundred licensees. The Atlanta Games will boast an “official" scouring pad and timepiece, two official game shows, and three official vehicles: a family car, an import minivan and a luxury sedan. But what exactly do these companies reap for their huge investment At the very least, they command tickets to the most popular events, invitations to the best parties and prime hotel rooms. But most of all, according to US Postal Service, it is purchasing the right to spend money. And the right to spend money is expensive. The biggest backers, Olympic sponsors like Anheuser-Busch, Coca-Cola, Mcdonald's and Xerox, commit up to $ 40 million. But, getting the rights to the Olympic rings is only half the battle. The other half is the challenge to sort of wrap their product brands around that image. Often that means TV time. And at roughly $ 400 000 per 30-second spot, some of the biggest sponsors have already locked up every commercial slot in their product categories that NBC has to sell. Not everyone is convinced that the Games are worth the price of business admission. The biggest and most conspicuous naysayer is Nike. Its spokesman says:“If I see a Reebok official who may not be in the best shape firing the starting pistol and Carl Lewis wearing Nike shoes, I'm going to go with Carl because that's the authentic link." Nike's strategy is hard to argue with - instead of sponsoring the Olympics, it sponsors Olympians. Yet even Nike wants a piece of the Atlantic action. Along with some other nonsponsors, Nike is trying to dot downtown Atlanta with billboards. Advertisement, it's another Olympic event. 1. By “official vehicles", the author means . A. automobiles for Olympic officials B. automobiles used in official occasion C. automobiles that the Olympic participants must drive D. automobiles that allowed to bear the Olympic symbol 2. Which of the following is not an Olympic sponsor A. US Postal Service. B. Nike. C. Coca-Cola. D. Mcdonald's 3. The last sentence of this passage indicates . A. businesses trying to get publicity is a part of the Olympic Games B. what the Olympic non-sponsors do is of no interest to the Olympic organizers C. that businesses must try very hard to earn money from the Olympic Games as if they were themselves competing in the Games D. that those who fail to sponsor the Olympics this time will try very hard the next time 4. Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage A. Companies use their Olympic sponsorship to promote sales of their products. B. To provide sportswear for Carl Lewis is a more effective advertisement than to provide suits for Olympic officials. C. NBC makes great profits from selling advertising time to companies eager to impress potential customers during the Olympic Games. D. Nike looks down upon the Olympic Games. 5. Which of the following can best sum up the passage A. Businesses want to profit from the Olympics. B. The 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games.
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：（报名网址） 【阅读练习】 Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems —both legal and educational —for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers. Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis, But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway”youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education. 1. It is implied in the first paragraph that ____. A) the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties B) many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities C) there is a serious shortage of academic facilities D) homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education 2. The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____. A) 350,000 B) 1,500,000 C) 440,000 D) 110,000 3. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____. A) the homeless children are too young to be counted as children B) the homeless population is growing rapidly
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.
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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 综合题，请根据题目给出的内容，来回答下面给出的试题。An unidentified wit once said, "laugh, and the world laughs with you. Snore, and you sleep alone." Yet snoring is far from a laughing matter, as those unfortunates with good hearing, who are rightly subjected to the sounds of the snoring disorder, will testify. It has been estimated that one of eight Americans snores; this means that there are approximately 21 million people --- women as well as men - who render an unpleasant sound when they are asleep. And assuming that each snorer disturbs the sleep of at least one other person, it necessarily follows that there are 21 million unhappy listeners. While a sleeping person breathes, either in or out, several structures in his nose and throat generate the snoring. The sounds, coming from the soft palate and other soft structures of the throat, are caused by vibratory responses to inflowing and outflowing air. When the soft tissues of the mouth and throat come close to the lining of the throat, the vibrations that occur are caused by the position of the tongue. In short, the noise made by snoring can be compared to the noise when breezes flutter a flag on a pole. The frequency of the vibrations depends on the size, density, and elasticity of the affected tissues and on the force of the air flow. Although it is usually the process of in haling or exhaling through the mouth that cause snoring, short snores come from the nose of an open-mouthed sleeper. In all fairness to snorers, however, it should be emphasized that snoring is an involuntary out which stops as the offender is awakened. 请根据上面给出的内容，来回答下面的单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。每小题0分，共5题。）16. If each snorer disturbs the sleep of one other person,the number of Americans that are unfortunately subjected the sound of the snores will be _____. A ：one out of five B ：one out of eight C ：eight out of one hundred D ：one out of eighteen 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:17. The snoring is caused by _____. A ：the soft palate and other structures of the throat B ：the inflwoing and outflwoing air through the nose C ：the inflowing and outflowing air throught mouth D ：the vibrations as a result of the inflwoing and outflowing air 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:18. If a person produces short snores,most probably he has _____. A ：a soft palate B ：a big nose
PART Ⅱ READING COMPREHENSION ［25 MIN.］ In this section there are four passages followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.Mark your choice on your ANSWER SHEET. TEXT A As many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians of North America were building with adobe－sun baked brick plastered with mud. Their homes looked remarkably like modern apartment houses. Some were four stories high and contained quarters for perhaps a thousand people, along with storerooms for grain and other goods. These buildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to make construction easier and for defense against enemies. They were really villages in themselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since they called them “pueblos”, which is Spanish for town.The people of the pueblos raised what are called “the three sisters”—corn, beans, and squash. They made excellent pottery and wove marvelous baskets, some so fine that they could hold water. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches. Water was so important that it played a major role in their religion. They developed elaborate ceremonies and religious rituals to bring rain. The way of life of less settled groups was simpler and more strongly influenced by nature. Small tribes such as the Shoshone and Ute wandered the dry and mountainous lands between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. They gathered seeds and hunted small animals such as small rabbits and snakes. In the Far North the ancestors of today’s Inuit hunted seals, walruses, and the great whales. They lived right on the frozen seas in shelters called igloos built of blocks of packed snow. When summer came, they fished for salmon and hunted the lordly caribou. The Cheyenne, Pawnee, and Sioux tribes, known as the Plains Indians, lived on the grasslands between the Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi River. They hunted bison, commonly called the buffalo. Its meat was the chief food of these tribes, and its hide was used to make their clothing and covering of their tents and tipis. 16. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The architecture of early American Indian buildings. B. The movement of American Indians across North America. C. Ceremonies and rituals of American Indians. D. The way of life of American Indian tribes in early North America. 17. It can be inferred from the passage that the dwellings of the Hopi and Zuni were ___ A. very small B. highly advanced C. difficult to defend D. quickly constructed TEXT B Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.[JP] The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done
2洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 阅读练习】 Nowadays, is it possible to tell a person’s class just by looking at him? Physical details __1__ tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years ago the working class very often lookd unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often __2__, sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have improved, and such __3__ would no longer be so true.The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their __4__. The most obvious way in which is for the amount of money spent on them. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer had money. Clothes can provide other __5__ as well. The upper classes __6__ to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colours, made of natural material like wool, leather or cotton. Lower working class people often choose clothes in bright colours, made of man-made material. A sociological explanation for this would be that color and interest are mssing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is __7__.Clothes are __8__ at a price within most people’s reach. New clothes make the wearer feel good, and show some __9__ of wealth to the outside world. Today some new fashions are started by the lower working class people who want to look __10__ and feel important. They want people to look at them.A) available B) background C) different D) tallE) totally F) taken G) descriptions H) degreeI) clues J) alone K) appear L) considerM) full N) hobby O)fetched ANSWER: 1.选J)。此处应填副词。可选项有totally和alone，由前一句中just可推出，外表上的细节仅仅能告诉我们这个人的健康状况，平时的营养状况以及他所从事的工作而不能看出他所处的阶级，故排除totally而选alone“惟一”。 2.选D)。此处应填形容词。因此此句和前一句是在将以前的工人阶级和上层阶级的身体状况进行对比，故此处应填与small“矮的”意思相反的词，选项中只有tall符合题意。而full“丰满的”不能用来修饰sporting types,故排除。 3.选G)。此处应填名词。现在的生活和工作条件改善了，情况已经不同了。而such指代的是上文中对一百年以前工人阶级和上层阶级的身体状况的身体状况的描述，故descriptions“描述”符合题意。 4.选B)。此处应填名词。根据句意“衣服可以提供...方面的信息”，选项中有background和hobby，选background“人的背景，社会阶层”，符合文章主题。 5.选I)。由as well可知，此处应填名词且与本段首句中的informaiton的意思相近，选项中只有clues“线索”符合题意。 6.选K)。此处应填动词的原形。选项中有appear和consider,appear可直接接不定式；而consider带不定式的复合结构，用于主动语态时，consider后面得接宾语，故选appear。7选F)。这句中this指代bright colour，句子主干是any opportunity is...。可选项有taken和fetched,take“抓住”则可以与opportunity搭
专业四级考试阅读理解模拟练习试题 As many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians of North America were building with adobe －sun baked brick plastered with mud. Their homes looked remarkably1 like modern apartment houses. Some were four stories high and contained quarters for perhaps a thousand people, along with store rooms for grain and other goods. These buildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to make construction easier and for defense2 against enemies. They were really villages in themselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since they called them pueblos3 , which is Spanish for town. The people of the pueblos raised what are called the three sisters - corn, beans, and squash. They made excellent pottery4 and wove marvelous baskets, some so fine that they could hold water. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches. Water was so important that it played a major role in their religion. They developed elaborate ceremonies and religious rituals to bring rain.
大学英语四级阅读理解（1）We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把......按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every