高中英语句型归纳
1. be doing/ be about to do/ had done…, when…(when：这时, 强调一个动作的突然发生)
1). I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.
2). I was about to leave when it began to rain.
3). I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.
2. It was (not ) + 时间段+before +一般过去时过了一段时间就……..
It will (not )be+ 时间段+before +一般现在时要过一段时间才会…
It is/ has been +时间段+ since…..
It was +点时间+ when…..
It was +时间状语+ that …..（强调句）
1). It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境危险（动作已发生）
2). It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 还有半年你才从这个学校毕业（动作未发生）
3). It is 3 years since he worked here.=he left here.（since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词，要从这个动作结束的时候算起）
4). It was 3 o’clock when they received the telephone.
5) It was at 3 o’clock that they received the telephone.
3. no 比较级than: A 与B都不………/仅仅，只有
not比较级than: A 不如B / 不超过，至多
more………than………与其….倒不如……(= not as/ so……..as……)
more than=not only 不仅仅……..
1). He works no harder than I.他和我都不用功
2). He doesn’t work harder than I.他不如我用功
3). There are no more than seven people in the room. 屋里仅有七个人
4). There are not more than seven people in the room. 屋里至多有七个人
5). He is more diligent than clever. 与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋
àHe is not as/ so clever as diligent.
6)It is more like a meeting than like a party.--> It is not as a party as a meeting
7).Mr. Zhang is more than my teacher, he is also my best friend.张先生不仅仅是我的老师，他还是我的朋友4. once…..一旦….., 表示时间和条件
1)Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work.
2). Once you have decided to do something, you should finish it and do it well.
5. The +比较级…….，the +比较级……..越……, 越……
1) The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get.
2)The busier he is, the happier he feels.
6. as if/ as though…..（表示与事实相反，用虚拟；若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实，则用陈述语气）
1). He was in great trouble, but he acted as if nothing had happened.
2). Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if they had been friends for many years
3). The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.
7. n. /adj. / adv. / v. + as / though +主语+谓语，……尽管……,…….引导让步状语从句
1).Child as he is, I already know what career I want to follow.
2). Try as he might, he couldn’t s olve the problem.
3). Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with his idea.
8. whether….or…. 无论是….还是….
1). Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.
2). Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.
9. 疑问词+ever = no matter +疑问词, 引导让步状语从句或名词性从句
1). Whichever(=No matter which) you like, you can take it away .( 让步状语从句)
You can take away whichever(=any one that) you like ( 名词性从句)
2). Whenever you comes, you will be welcome. ( 让步状语从句)
3). Whatever happens, I will support you. ( 让步状语从句)
4). Whoever breaks the law, he will certainly be punished. ( 让步状语从句)
àWhoever breaks the law will certainly be punished. ( 名词性从句)
5). However great the difficulty is, we can overcome it. ( 让步状语从句)
10. if/ as long as/so long as/ providing that/ provided that/ supposing that/ on condition that 假如….. 1). I will lend you money on condition that you can return it within 3 months.
11. given that/ considering that 考虑到….., 鉴于……
1). Given her interest in children/ Given that she is interest ed in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her.
2). Considering his age and his experience, he has done well.
12. in case that/ in case of….. 万一….., 以防…..
1). In case of fire, please dial 119 at once.
2). In case that John comes/ John should come, tell him to wait.
13. 祈使句+ or/otherwise +结果句或祈使句+ and +结果句
1). Stop doing such foolish thing, or you will be punished in time.
2). More effort, and the problem would have been settled.
3). Think it over, and you will find the answer.
14. so/ such……..that…….引导结果状语从句时须注意
当名词前many, much, little, few有修饰时, 用so不用such因为此时的中心词不再是名词，而是many, much, little, few这些表示数量的词。
1). The westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily.
2). There are so few fish in the lake that we couldn’t fish them easily.
当名词是单数可数名词，前面又由adj.修饰时，注意冠词的位置，即so+ adj +a(n)+n 或such+ a(n) + adj.+ n
1). He is such an honest person/ so honest a person that you can depend on him when you are in trouble.
当so/such引导的部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构
1). Such great progress has he made in his studies that we all admire him.
当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such…….as to do结构。
1).The westerners eat so much fat and sugar as to put on weight easily.
15. so that 引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句
so that引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用（= in order that），当主从句主语一致时可转换为so as to do/ in order to do.
1). He turned up the radio a little so that he could hear the news clearly.
He turned up the radio a little so as to hear the news clearly.
2). He closed all the windows while driving so that he shouldn’t catch cold.(否定句中情态动词用shouldn’t) so that 引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用
1). He turned up the radio a little so that he heard the news clearly.
16.can never/ can’t 与too, too much, enough, over- 搭配表示“无论怎样….都不过分”
1). While you are doing your homework, you can’t be ca reful enough.
2). He is such a great man that we can’t praise him too much.
3). William Hartley was handsome, determined and hardworking, in a word, I couldn’t speak too highly of him.
4). The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English, so we can’t overemphasize the importance of learning English.
5). Since it is a good thing, we can’t do it too soon.
17. 不定式作主语，it作形势主语：
It +系动词+adj./ n..+ for sb. to do (for sb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)
It +系动词+adj.+ of sb. to do （of sb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者有表示人所具备的性质或特征）
1). It’s important for us to have a good knowledge of English.
2). How rude of him to treat a child like that!
3). It’s thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night.
18. 不定式作宾语，it作形势宾语：
主语+think/ consider/believe/ make/ feel+ it +adj./n. +for sb./ of sb. +to do
1). I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man.
2). The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.
19. won’t/ can’t have sb. doing/ done 不能容忍某行为发生
1). You are too rude, and I won’t have you speaking to Mother like that again.
2). We can’t have anything done against the school rules.
20. It is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed…..that……
Sb. is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed to do…..
1). It is said that he is studying abroad.--> He is said to be studying abroad.
2).It is considered that many countries highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.
Many countries is consi dered to highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.
21. 表示过去原打算干，却未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图
had hoped to do=hoped to have done.。类似的词还有：expect, think, intend, design, plan, mean, suppose等 would like/prefer/ love to have done
was/ wee to have done
was/were supposed to have done
1).--- Did you go to see the film “Titanic” last night?
---I’d like to have, but I had an unexpected guest.
2). The plane was to have take off at 7 this morning, but was held up by the heavy fog.
22. How did sb come to do…..? = How come that….为什么会…../……是怎么回事？表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释
1). How di d you come to find out where she’s living?= How come that you found out….
你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的?
2). How come that you sat there ,doing nothing?为什么坐在那儿什么也不干?
3). How did he come to be so foolish?
23.It is (not ) like sb. to do….. ….（.不）像某人的所作所为
1). It’s like him to answer for what he has done.敢对自己的行为负责，这是他的一贯作风
2). It’s not like him to have been so rude to his mother.
24. when it comes to….. 当谈到或涉及到……
1). He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer, he will be excited and full of energy.
2). When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never complains.
25.every time/ each time/ next time/ the first time/ any time等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当….., 每次…..,下次…..”
1). Every time you meet with new words while reading, don’t always refer to your dictionary.
àWhen you meet with new words every time…..
2) Next time you come , do remember to bring your son here.
3) You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
26. There is (no) need to do…../ for ….It is( not )necessary for sb. t o do….
There is( no )hope/ chance / possibility of doing….
There is( no )difficulty/ trouble/ point/ delay( in )doing
1). Is there any chance of us/ our winning the match?
2). There is no point in discussing the problem again.
27.It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人来做某事……..
1) ---When shall we start out? ---It’s up to you to decide.
2). It’s up to you to babysit my so while I am away on business.
28.be up to sth. 忙于….., 从事……., 胜任…..
1). John isn’t really up to that job. 约翰不适合干那项工作
2).What have you been up to recently? 最近你一直在忙些什么
29. It is time to do/ It is time that +主语+动词的一般过去式该是做…..的时候了
It is time that we ended the discussion.
30. it 强调句：
基本构成形式：It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
e.g.: I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调是我，不是别人)
It was him who/ that I met in the street yesterday afternoon.( 强调我遇见的是他，不是别人)
It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.( 强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where)
It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street (强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候, 强调的是时间，但不用when)
强调句的一般疑问句：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
强调句的特殊疑问句：What/ When/ Where/ Who/ How……is/ was it + who/ that+原句剩余部分
1). Who was it that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?
Tell me who it was that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?
31.do, did, does 用于强调谓语动词，加强语气
1). He is a good student.--> He does be a good student
2). He helped us yesterday. à He did help us yesterday.
3). Be careful! àDo be careful!
32.There be 句型：
there be 之后如有几个并列主语，be 动词的选择要取决于第一个主语，即就近原则。
1). There is a pen and two books on the desk.--> There are two books and a pen on the desk.
There be 句型中，be动词还有其他变化形式，常见的有：There seem to be, There happen to be, There used to be, There is likely to be, There have been/has been 等
1). There seems/ appears to be much hope of our team winning the match.
2). There happened to be nobody in the room when I came in.
3). There have been great changes in my hometown since 1978.
4). There used to be a bus station at the corner of the street.
5). There are likely to be more difficulties than expected while we are carrying out the plan.
There be句型的独立主格结构作状语：（有连词，用句子，没有连词，用独立结构）
1). There being no buses, we had to walk home.
= Because there were no buses, we had to walk home.
2). There having been no rain for a long time, the crops in the field died.
= Because there had been no rain for a long time, the crops in the field died.
There be句型的非谓语形式：
1). I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding between us.
2). We expect there to be a chance of studying abroad.
3). It is usual for there to be a generation gap between parents and children.
33. not/ never ……. until 直到…..才
1). The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollut ion was until all the fish died in the river.
2) It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was. (强调句)
3) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was（倒装句）34. not only….. but (also)…..
引导并列结构：主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。
1). Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly.
Not only the students but also the teacher has his eyes examined regularly.
2) .They suggested we should not only attend the party, but give a performance.
3) .They suggested we should give a performance as well as attend the party.
not only….. but (also)…..引导并列句时，not only引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装
1). Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
2). Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.
35. prefer to do A rather than do B…（两者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B
== would rather do A than do B
1). I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the park in such weather.
2). Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefer to ride a bicycle.
36.would rather +从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望）
1). I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在就把信寄出去。
2). ---A friend of yours will come to see you today. 你的一位朋友今天要来看你。
--- I’d rather he came here tomorrow. 我倒情愿他明天来。
3). I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. 我倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。
4). I’d rather I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没见到她。
37. 不能用would rather sb. do （更愿让某人干某事）的形式，可转化为would rather have sb do或转化为would rather +从句
1). Who would you rather _____ with the teacher about the problem?
A. talking
B. talk
C. have talked
D. have talk 答案：D
38. so, neither/ nor 引导的倒装句
表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。
1). He has finished his homework, so have I.
2). My sister prefers coffee, so do I.
3). John can’t ride a bicycle, neither/ no r can I.
4). If he buys the book, so will his classmates.
若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用It is /was the same with sb. 或So it is/ was with sb.
1). He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.
若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。
1). ---It is cold today. ---Yes. So it is
2). ---He visited Tokyo last week. --- Yes. So he did.
39. 倍数表达法：
A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length……)+of B
A + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as B
A + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than Bà A + 谓语+adj. 比较级+than B+by+倍数
1).This square is twice the size of that one.
à This square is twice as large as that one.
à This square is once larger than that one.
2).This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.
3).He is 3 years older than I-à He is older than I by 3 years
40. sb. spend money/ time on sth.
/in doing sth
sb. pay money (to sb) for sth.
sth. cost sb. money/ time
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1). The time he spends watching TV is as much as he does doing his homework.
2). The mp3. for which he paid only ￥150 proved to be useful.
3). The naughty boy cost his mother many sleepless nights.
41. 当all, each, both, every 基every, each 的复合词语否定词连用时，为部分否定，“并非都….”
1). Not all of them went to the party last night.--> All of them didn’t go to the party las t night.
2). Both of the answers are not right.(=Only one of the two answers is right.)
3). We couldn’t eat in the restaurant, because ___ of us had ____ money.
A. all, no
B. all, any
C. none , any
D. none, no 答案：C
42.as/ with表示“随……进展”，as 后面接句子，with后面接短语
1). With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.
àAs the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.
43.Only if 与If only
Only if=if, 引导条件状语从句
1). ---Only if I lend you a hand? ---I’m sure I can finish it on time.
If only = How I wish…., 引导的句子用虚拟语气，表示难以实现的愿望
If only = How I wish 主语+情态动词+V.（谓语动词的动作在wish之后进行）
主语+动词的一般过去式（谓语动词的动作与wish同时进行）
主语+had done（谓语动词的动作在wish之前进行）
1). If only we didn’t have so many examines!
2). If only he could come tomorrow!
3). If only I hadn’t made so many mistakes !
3). He couldn’t work out a single problem when he was in the exam. hall. How he wished he knew all the answer!
4). He couldn’t work out a single problem when he was in the exam. hall. How he wished he had studied hard before!
44. with 的复合结构（作状语或作定语）
with+ n. +n. (with可以省略)
1). The workforce is made up of 400 workers, (with )most of them women.(=most of whom are women./ and most of them are women.)
with+ n. +adj. (with可以省略)
1).(With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully.
àBecause the street were wet and slippery, ……….
2). The students were listening to the teacher, (with)their eyes wide open.
3). The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes were wide open.
with+ n. +adv. (with可以省略)
1). He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side out
with+ n. +prep-phrase (with可以省略)
1). The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his mouth.(Also: pipe in mouth)
with+ n.+ to do/ to be done （动词不定式的动作还未进行）
with+ n.+ doing/ being done （动词不定式的动作正在进行）
with+ n.+ done （动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n. 所处的状态）
1). With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard year.
2). He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the ceiling
3). Wit h the temple being repaired, we can’t visited it.
45. 以here, there, in, out, up, down等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作。)
1). Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming here! )
2). Away he went. 他走远了（若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装）
46. 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句
1). In front of the house stopped a police car.
2).Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.
47. 具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。常用的此有：little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no time, by no means, in no case 等
1). Not a single mistake did he make in the exam.
2). In no time did the man realize what was happening.
3).In no case can you tell him the truth.
4). Hardly had the train left when he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.
No sooner had the train left than he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.
48.the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, on doing…表示“一….就”
1). On arriving (his arrival )at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters .
2). ---Have you give John the book? ---Yes, the moment I saw him.
49. rather than
1).It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.
2).It is the boss who is to blame rather than the workers.
50. while/ but ：while侧重两者之间的对比，but 多指一件事的两个对立面。
1). He likes listening to music while I like watching TV.
2). I badly wanted that book, but I haven’t enough money.
51. only to do 作结果状语，多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。动词多是终结性的词，如：find, learn, to be told, to be caught等
1). His father disappeared, never to heard from again.
2). He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed.
52.one moment……and now…….刚才还…….现在却……
1). One moment the two boys were playing, and now they are quarrelling.
2). One moment it was fine, and now it is raining.
53. of +n. 表示某物具备某种性质或特征
1). New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.
2). They are of the same height.
3). Coins are of different sizes, weights, shapes and of different metals.
4). Sports and games are of great value for children’s study.
54.only +状语的结构放在句首，主句要部分倒装
1). The teacher told me that only in that way, could I learn English well.
2). I received my mother’s call at 11a.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.
55. What do you think of……? How do you find……? How do you like…..?（这三个句式用来询问某人对某个事物的评价或看法，其回答应该是评价性的话语）
1). ---How do you find the film last night?
---I have never seen a worse one before.
56. What is/was………like? 用来询问人或事物的特征或本质
1). ---What is your mother like?
---She is a very nice person./ She is very beautiful./ She looks like her father.
2). ---What is the weather going to be this weekend?
---It is going to be fine.
57.虚拟语气中的重点句型
If +were/ did (动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+do（用来表示对现在情况的假设）
1). I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to contract others.
If +had done (过去完成式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+have done（用来表示对过去情况的假设）
1). If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer.
If +were/ did (动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+ do were to do/should do（用来表示对将来情况的假设）
1). If I were not to take/ should take/ took the exam tomorrow, I would go shopping with you.
虚拟语气条件句的倒装：在虚拟语气条件句中，如果出现助动词were, should, had，可省略if, 把这些词提到主语前面，变成倒装句。
1). Should he act like that again, he would be fined. àIf he should act like that again, ……
Were he to act like that again, he would be fined. àIf he were to act like that again, ……
If he acted like that again, ……（不可以倒装）
2). Had the doctor come in time last night, the boy would have been saved.
à If the doctor had come in time last night, ………..
3). If I had time now, I would go to the film with you. （不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词）
But for….--> If it were not for…../ If it hadn’t been for
1). But for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved.
If it hadn’t been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board……
2). But for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.
If it were not for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.
再suggest, insist, demand, require, request, order, advise, propose等表示建议、要求、命令、主张的动词引导的名词性从句中，从句的谓语动词要用(should )do的形式
1). Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed before 9 o’olock.
对比：He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张）
2). His suggestion that Tony (should) be invited to the party was refused.（同位语从句）
对比：His words suggested that he was very angry with me.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张）
58. taste, smell, look, sound, feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。
1). Apple of this kind taste very nice.
2). Smelling nice, this kind of bread sells well.
59.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某种特征。常用的词有sell, cut , wash, last, burn等。
1).His latest work sells well
2). Dry wood burns easily.
60.否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义
1).I have never seen a better film.
2).I can’t agree you more. 我非常同意
61.替代句型：英语中为了避免重复，在比较从句中常用一些替代词来代替前文出现过的词。
用助动词代替主句中的有关动词：
1). I earn more than I did in the past.
2). John spends as much time watching TV as he does writing.
3). China is no longer what it was/ used to be.
拥代词代替前文出现过的有关名词：
that 代替指物的单数可数名词或抽象不可数名词，一般是特指的
those 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是特指的=the ones
one 代替指人或指物的单数可数名词，一般是泛指的
ones 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是泛指的
1). The output of coal this year is twice as much as that of last year.
2). The students in this class are more active than those in that one.
3). A bridge made of steel is stronger than one made of stones.
4). Small bananas usually taste better than bigger ones.
动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解
一、作主语
⒈不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：
(1)把不定式置于句首。如：
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：
①It＋be＋名词＋to do
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
②It takes sb+some time+to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?
③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do
It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour.
④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do
It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.
⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do
It seemed impossible to save money.
在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等；
在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is＋形容词＋to do句式，如：It'skind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English.
⒉动名词作主语
Learning without practice is no good.
①动名词作主语时，也常用It句式。如：
It's +no good(no use,fun,a pleasure,a waste of time)+doing…
It's no good reading in dim light.
It's no use sitting here waiting.
②It's＋形容词＋doing
It's dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days.
这样用的形容词有expensive,nice,tiring等，但important,necessary则不适用于这种结构，应用不定式代替，如：It'simportant for you to keep fit.
③There is no+doing
There is no saying what will happen next.
在这一结构中，动名词后常带宾语，相当于"It's impossible to…"结构。
⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别
①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作，经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。如：
It's no good eating too much fat.
It's no good for you to eat so much fat.
②动名词结构作主语，可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语。如：
It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules.
二、作宾语
⒈不定式作宾语
①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,
manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等，这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句。如：
I decided to ask for my money back.
I decided that I would ask for my money back.
When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot.
When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that wewould start back on foot.
②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如：
We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well.
He feels it his duty to help the poor.
③介词but,except,besides+to do(do)
在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do 不带to，带to不带do。如：
The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.
On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.
⒉动名词作宾语
①以下动词后，只能接动名词作宾语，如：admit,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,keep,imag
ine,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,save,suggest,don't mind,give up,insist,on, put off等。如：
I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.
You must give up smoking, for it does too much harm toyour health.
②动名词作介词的宾语
I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead of staying at home.
What about inviting Li Jun to make a speech?
动名词前的介词有时可以省略，如：have difficulty(in)doing,have no trouble(in)doing,lose no ti me(in)doing,prevent/stop…(from)doing,there is no use(in)doing等。
⒊部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。如：begin,continue,start,hat e,like,love,need,require,want等。
在need,require,want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式，如：Your handwr iting needs improving(tobe improved). hate,love,like接不定式表示特定的未来事件，接动名词表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。
在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：
①hate,like,love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee.
②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，如：Thestudents are starting to work on the di fficult maths problem.
③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to understand what
was happening.
⒋advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。如：
Our teachers don't permit our swimming in the lake.
Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.
⒌部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如：
Don't forget fo post the letter for me.
Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?
Remember to close the windows before you leave.
I remember writing him a letter a year ago.
We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.
They regretted ordering these books from abroad.
②mean to do 打算做某事
doing 意味着……
I meant to catch up with the early bus.
This means wasting a lot of money.
③try to do 设法尽力做某事
doing 试着做某事
You should try to overcome your shortcomings.
Try working out the physics problem in another way.
④stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）
doing 停止做某事
On the way to the airport,I stopped to buy a paper.
You'd better stop arguing and do as you are told.
⑤can't help doing 禁不住……
to do不能帮助干……
They couldn't help jumping up at the news.
Sorry I have lots of work to do.So I can't help to make up the room for you.
⑥go on to do 做不同的事或不同内容的事
doing 继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续
He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势。
We'll go on fighting so long as there is oppression inthe world.
⑦leave off to do 离开某地去干什么（目的状语）
doing停下某事
It's time to leave off talking and to start acting.
They left off to go fishing.
三、做表语
不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.
②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.
③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.
当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例①）。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定式说明主语的内容。字串7
④Our work is serving the people.
⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.
⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.
④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving thepeople is out work,而⑥句中是现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开来。
四、作定语
⒈不定式作定语
不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：
①The next train to arrive is from Washington.
②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?
③Do you have anything to say on the question?
④Would you please give me some paper to write on?
⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.
不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：
(1)表示将来的动作（例①）。
(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词（例④）。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍用主动语态（例③）；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态（例②）。
(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，例①to arrive=that will arrive。
⒉动名词作定语
①This passage can be used as listening materials.
②The reading room of our school library can hold 800people.
③All moving bodies have energy.
①②句动名词作定语说明一种性能，即：用来……的；第③句为现在分词作定语，单个分词作定语常置于被修饰词之前，与被修饰词之间，可构成逻辑上的主谓关系，分词短语作定语常置于被修饰词之后。如：The man standing at the school gate is Professor Hua.
五、不定式作补足语
⒈作宾语补足语
一些及物动词除要求按宾语外，有时还需要有宾语补足语，说明宾语的行为、状态、特征，这时意思才相对完整。字串2
(1)常要求不定式作宾补的动词有：allow,ask,advise,beg,cause,drive（强迫），encourage,expect,fo rbid,force,get,would like(love,hate),order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。如：
①Would you like me to give your regards to Mary?
②I want you to understand the whole passage clearly.
(2)部分动词后常接to be＋形容词、名词短语等形式，有时to be可省略，如：believe,consider,discov er,find(=consider),feel(=think),imagine,judge,know,prove,think,suppose,see(=understand),understa nd等。
①We all believe John(to be)honest.
②I consider him(to be)one of the best biology teachers of No. 1 Middle School.
但当不定式是完成式时，to不能省略，如：We consider him tohave been foolish.
(3)感觉动词和使役动词后用作宾补的不定式须省略to。
①I didn't hear anyone say anything about it.
②They make the students do too much homework every day.
这种句式在变为被动语态时，to不能省略，如第②句：Thestudents are made to do too much homework every day.
(4)help,know后面的"to"可有可无。如：
Would you please help me(to) fill in the taxform?
I've never known her(to)be late before.但：He was known to have been to France before.
(5)部分短语动词后，常接不定式作宾补，如：
You may depend on them to be there early.
The Party calls on us to increase production and practise economy.
常这样用的短语动词有：ask for,care for,call on,count on,depend on,wait for,long for（渴望），prepare for,wish for等。
⒉作主语补足语
不定式作主语补足语，和主语构成一种逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
①He was not allowed to enter the classroom for being late.
②The young university student is considered to have great promise.
六、不定式作状语
⒈作目的状语
(1) ①I stayed there to see what would happen.
②Henry has decided to go to the hospital to be examinedby the doctor.
(2)有时为了强调，不定式前可加in order或so as。如：
Bob took down my telephone number so as(in order)not toforget it.
有时为强调目的状语可把in order to或不定式置于句首，但so as to不能这样用。在这种句式中不定式部分可转换为so that,in order that,成为目的状语从句，如：
I stayed there so that (in order that)I could see whatwould happen.
(3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容词、过去分词或动词之后可接不定式，如：astonished,glad,happy,laugh ,pleased, sad,smile,sorry,surprised等。
①We are glad to hear the news.
②I was surprised to see that a three-year-old baby could write so well.
在部分形容词后接不定式，用主动形式表示被动意义，这种句型中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。如：The question raised by thestudent is difficult to answer.
The room is really comfortable to live in.
常这样用的形容词有：comfortable,easy,dangerous,difficult,expensive,fit,impossible等。
⒉作结果状语
We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy.
不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中。如：
①so…as to;such…as to
I'm not so stupid(a fool) as to put it in writing.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。
I'm not such a stupid fool as to put it in writing.
②enough…to
The speed is high enough for us to catch up with thefirst liner.
③only to
Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying inthehospital.
④too…to
I'm too tired to stay up longer.
但在下列结构中，too…to并非是“太……而不能……”之意。如：
①I'm only too glad to have passed the exam.考试及格我太高兴了。（too修饰glad to have…，相当于very）字串2
②We have too much to learn.我们要学的太多了（不定式作定语）。
⒊不定式短语还可作独立成分，用于句首、句中或句末。如：
To tell the truth,the play was a great disappointment tome.
常见的短语有to be exact（确切地说），to begin with（首先），to do him justice（说句对他公道的话），to be sure（真的）等等。
七、动词不定式、动名词的其它用法
⒈疑问词＋不定式结构
疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如：
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet.
②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there.
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well.
④The question was where to get the medicine needed.
以上例句中疑问词＋不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。如：①When we shall leave…③…how I
could learn…
经常在这种结构中使用的动词有：consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。
⒉动词不定式的时态、语态
(1)时态
①一般式：动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后，有时表示同时发生。如：
I hope to become a university student this year.（tobecome发生在hope之后）
We often hear Dick play the piano in the next room.（play和hear同时发生）
②完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如：
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.
We are too young to have seen the old society.
③进行式：表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生。如：
The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when Icame in.
They seemed to be discussing something important.
(2)语态
如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如：It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语）
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语）
I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语）
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语）
He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语）
在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to t ake care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
⒊动名词的时态、语态
(1)时态
①一般式：动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以是泛指，也可与谓语动词同时发生，或发生在谓语动作之前、之后。如：
We are interested in collecting stamps.
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the firsttime.
We are not afraid of dying.
②完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。如：
Lmagine having travelled on the moon.
We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.
(2)被动语态
①如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示的动作的承受者，动名词要用被动语态，动名词的被动语态有一般式与完成式之分。如：
The young man came in without being noticed.
He prided himself on having never been beaten in class.
②有些动词后的动名词用主动形式，但表示被动意义。如：
The bike needs repairing.
If a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing well.
⒋在口语中，为避免重复，常用"to"代替不定式结构，有时甚至可以把to省略。如：
①—Did you go to visit the Great Wall?
—No,I wanted to,but there wasn't enough time.
②—Would you like to come to a party?
—I'd love to.
③—Don't make any mistakes in your homework,will you?
—I'll try not to.
④—Try to be back by 12,won't you?
—OK,I'll try.
另外，be going to,ought to,used to等也常用于这一结构中。
⒌在why引起的问句中，省略"to"。如：
Why spend such a lot of money?
Why not wait for a couple of days?
⒍当两个或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用时，只在第一个不定式前加"to"。如：
It's quite necessary for us to read more and have morepractice.
⒎"to"在下列短语中是“介词”，后接动名词或名词形式。如：
devote…to,face up to（勇敢地面对），look forward to（盼望），object to（反对），take to（养成习惯，对……感兴趣；开始从事某种活动），be used to（习惯于）等。
高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点，值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介
词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如： To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或 It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图 b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk． 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce
动词不定式的用法讲解 一、动词不定式： 构成：to + 动词原形（to只是不定式符号，没有意义） 动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。 1.It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s impor tant for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4.It is a good idea to do sth. 作宾语 1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有： want to do sth. decide to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth. offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sth promise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth. 2. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn’t know what to do next.
动词不定式用法大全 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非 谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作 句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。 一、用作主语 多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语一一动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓 语动词用第三人称单数形式。疑问词+不定式短语作主语可 置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如： 1.1 t is our duty to try our best to deal With these problems. 2. The head teacher Said it WaS necessary to talk With his mother. 3. HOW to learn EngIiSh well is important. 4. To See iS to believe.（眼见为实；百闻不如一见） 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如： 1. The best Way is to join an EngIiSh club. 2. The first thing is to IiSten to the teacher carefully. 三、用作宾语 1. 可以接带to的
动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择 同意(ask, choose, agree)期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, Iearm，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。女口： 1) We decided to talk to SOme StudentS about Why they go there. 2) He PreferS to eat White bread and rice. 3) Id love to ViSit Mexico. 2. 动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on... 可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但Why后面的不定 式不带to。女口： 1) Could you PIeaSe tell me Where to Park my car? 2) It gives advice on What to do in lots of different SitUations. 3. 动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语 代替真正的宾语--- 动词不定式，句子结构是…feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。女口: 4. 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。 5. 后接动词不定式或Ving形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发 生；后接Ving形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停
动词不定式的基本用法 一、概述 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其形式如下：（主动形式） ◆一般式（not）to do 一般现在时表示的动词有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. 我希望再见到你。_____________________________________________________ ◆完成式（not）to have done 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He seems to have caught a cold. 很抱歉给你带来这么多的麻烦。____________________________________________ ◆进行式（not）to be doing 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 他假装在学习。_______________________________________________________________ 二、动词不定式的语法功能 （一）作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 ____________________________________________________________________ ★常用的动词有afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, fail, happen, help, learn, long（渴望）, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish… 2）动词+疑问词+ to Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,
inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
省略to的动词不定式用法归纳 一、使役动词与to的省略 当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略to。如： Let me have another cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。 She had him dig away the snow.她让他把雪挖走。 They made him tell them everything.他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。 但是，当使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带to。如： 他被迫一天工作20小时。 误：He was made work twenty hours a day. 正：He was made to work twenty hours a day. 注意，表示使役意义的let和have很少用于被动语态。 另外注意，force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。如： They forced her to sign the paper.他们强迫她在文件上签字。 The law obliged parents to send their children to school.法律要求父母送子女上学。 考例： 1.The teacher forbade ________ our seats. https://www.doczj.com/doc/9214871982.html, to leave https://www.doczj.com/doc/9214871982.html, leaving C.to leave D.to leaving 2.Mary had her friend ________ the best one. A.choose B.chosen C.chose D.to choose 3.The girl was ma de _________ she didn’t love at all. A.marry a man B.to marry a man C.to marry with a man D.married with a man 二、感觉动词与to的省略 当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略to。如： We all felt the house shake.我们都感觉这房子在震动。 I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。 Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗? I watched her get into the car.我看着她上了车。 但是，当feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be时，则不能省略to。如：They all felt the plan to be unwise.他们都认为这个计划不明智。 注意，当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的to不能省略。如： They were heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个
动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s g ood for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start,
非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed
充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）
动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。
如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省
动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如：To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a．want，decide ，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。如： We agreed to start early． She wants to be a doctor． b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 提示板： 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk．当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？ d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如： I tell him not to go there by bus ． Edison's mother taught him to read and write． b．let，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如： The boss makes them work 16 hours a day．I heard her sing in the next room． 提示板：若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。如： They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss． She was heard to sing in the next room． 4．作定语：放在被修饰的名词、代词后面 例句：I have a lot of work to do． The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy． 点击规律：动词不定式若在句中作定语，常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。 提示板：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。如： I have a small bedroom to live in． Have you got some pens to write with？ 5．表语：放在连系动词be后面 例句：His wish is to become a scientist． The first important thing is to save the soldiers' lives． 当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。 6．作状语
动词不定式用法 不定式是动词的一种非限定式，它是不受主语的单复数、人称、时态、语态等的限定及影响的一种动词形式。 一、动词不定式的基本结构 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是：not to+动词原形。在句中除不能作谓语外，其他成分都可作。如：主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 注意：不定式之前的to（又称为小品词）与介词to的功能不同。介词to之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语；而不定式符号to的后面需要跟动词原形。 speak to him (to 是介词) 对他讲话 to speak English (to 是不定式的小品词) 讲英语 二、动词不定式的用法 不定式在句中有各种作用，一般可归类为三种基本用法：作名词，作形容词，作副词。 (一) 不定式作名词的用法 不定式起名词作用，在句子中担当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。 ⒈作主语
名词用法的不定式和名词一样，可担任句子的主语。 To grow more trees here is very important. (=It is very important to grow more trees here.) 在这里多种些树是非常重要的。 To hear your voice is so nice. (=It is so nice to hear your voice.) 听到你的声音真高兴。 To speak English well is not easy for me. (=It is not easy for me to speak English.) 把英语说好对我来说并不容易。 To walk to school takes me twenty minutes. (=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.) 步行到学校我要花20分钟。 注意：在It is… to…‖的句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；使用这种结构，可以避免句子的头重脚轻。通常不定式被视为第三人称单数，所以动词用is或was。 It is bad for your eyes to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。 另外，不定式作主语的句子，同时有另外一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成―It is… to…‖的句型。 To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。) 不能转换为：It is to believe to see. 2.作表语
动词不定式（the infinitive）的基本用法 动词不定式 1. “not/never to do / not do”. 2. 基本用法：不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。 一、不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语 eg: It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school. 不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置，往往放v.和adj.之后。 e.g. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well. ★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for + 名词或代词宾格”构成, 即： 跟踪练习 1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers. 2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream. 3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换) ________ ________ English well ______ very important. 4. It’s important _______ Chinese well. A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learns 2. 作表语 eg：The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. 表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特征等，可与系动词构成系表结构。 eg：Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school. My job is to clean the streets. 跟踪练习 1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day. 2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor. 3. 作宾语 eg：The driver offered to help the patient. 有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，表示命令、打算或希望等。常见的此类动词有：agree,
初中英语动词不定式用法梳理 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。现对九年级动词不定式的用法作一次简要梳理动词不一，定式作主语 直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征) 三、用作宾语 1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend,know) 希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love) 2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to 的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。 3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。 4.既可接动词不定式又可接ving形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love 等。一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，ving形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使 习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式 begin用了进行时态，后面只接不定式作宾语，表示事情刚开始，还要继续下去。 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。 5.后接动词不定式或ving形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接ving形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另外一件事，to do是目的状语；stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事，doing是宾语。try to do尽力做，try doing试试看；go on to do接着做另外的事，go on doing继续做原来的事 四、用作定语 1.句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语，不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系时，用动词不定式的主动式。 2.动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时，不定式与这些名词呈现出动状关系或同位关系。 3.在“there be...”句型里，句子的主语是动词不定式动作的对象，常用主动式 五、用作补语 动词不定式作补语时，在主动语态句里补宾语，在被动语态句里补主语，句子的宾语或主语是不定式动作的逻辑执行者。如果不定式是to be done，句子的宾语或主语就是逻辑承受者。 1.在主、被动语态句里用带to的动词不定式作补语的动词主要有：要求允许提议(ask, allow, permit, advise)，期望邀请鼓励(expect, suppose, invite, encourage)，教导告诉想要(teach,