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口译文化交流常用表达

口译文化交流常用表达

学习型国家a learning nation

同质化、歧视、偏见和成见stereotypes, prejudices, misconception and preset mind

同时,学习型国家也应该将将其他文明中的优秀成果纳入到自身的体系,并通过创造性的转化,为丰富人类文明和人类文明的可持续发展做出其应有的贡献。

And meanwhile it incorporates the fine elements of other cultures into its own and through creative transformation, adds its contribution to the richness of human civilization and sustainable development.

创造性的转化creative transformation

丰富人类文明the richness of human civilization

误解和曲解false and pretended knowledge

对文化多样性的尊重respect for the cultural diversity/diversification

人类的共同进步common development of the mankind

在经济全球化的时代,尊重和保护文化的多样性是人类社会和谐相处的基础

In the fast process of globalization, respecting and maintaining cultural diversification is fundamental to social harmony

小康社会a full-scaled well-off society

优秀成果fine elements/viable practices

大规模的mass-scaled

不同文化背景different cultural communities

为致力于构建学习型国家,建设小康社会,中国正在学习一切文明的优秀成果。

In order to shape herself into a learning nation and a full-scaled well-off society, China has been learning from any viable practices in all human civilizations.

承认、尊重世界文化的多样性,是维护世界和平与发展的保障,是人类社会不断进步的标志。To accept and respect the diversity of world civilization is a guarantee for world peace and development, and a hallmark for human society’s uninterrupted progress.

不同文化的借鉴、融合与发展the interaction, harmony and development between cultures

《世界文化多样性宣言》UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity

文化多样性是交流、革新和创作的源泉,人类来讲就像生物多样性对维持生物平衡那样必不可少。

As a source of exchange, innovation and creativity, cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as biodiversity is for nature

我们正以更开放的胸襟、更兼容的态度对待外国文化。

We are more open and tolerant to foreign cultures.

上下五千年的历史5000-year of history

文化传统、文化利益和文化安全cultural tradition, cultural interests and cultural safety

民族文化的独立性cultural and national independence

跨文化交际中的肢体语言差异

最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文,都是近期写作 1委婉语的跨文化交流及其语用功能 2法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译 3论奥斯丁女性主义观点在《爱玛》中的体现 4建构主义学习理论在中学英语教学中的应用 5《宠儿》中塞丝的性格特征分析 6《榆树下的欲望》之农场意象--基于生态女性主义的分析 7从语境视角浅析《生活大爆炸》中反语的幽默属性 8文档所公布各专业原创毕业论文。原创Q 95 80 35 640 9浅谈英语复杂句的翻译 10劳伦斯小说中的女性形象 11孤独的精神探索者——《月亮和六便士》和《刀锋》中主人公形象分析 12基于语料库对红楼梦两个英文版本中红色的翻译研究 13Error Analysis on English Writing by Senior High School Students 14跨文化交际中的语用失误与避免方法 15中美企业并购中的文化整合分析 16盖茨比的人物形象分析 17政论文英译的翻译策略研究 18An Analysis of Two Main Characters in Moby Dick 19浅谈儿童文学在儿童成长中的作用-弗朗西斯霍奇森伯内特《小公主》和《秘密花园》之比较 20浅析英文电影在高中英语教学应用 21从认知语言学角度浅析网络语言中的隐喻现象 22大学英语课堂教学师生互动建构浅析 23从功能翻译理论看中国饮食文化负载词的翻译策略 24 25从《远离尘嚣》看托马斯哈代的生态自然观 26从《京华烟云》探析林语堂的女性观 27论《威尼斯商人》中的宗教思想影响 28爱默生的超验主义和老子的道家思想对比 29论《吉姆老爷》中的英雄主义 30 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 31论中西文化中家庭观念的差异 32论中美日常交际的文化差异 33影响大学生英语自主学习的因素研究 34On the Translation of English Impersonal Sentences 35试析海明威《丧钟为谁而鸣》中的人物形象 36论流行网络词汇的汉英翻译 37 A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Taboos in the Context of Intercultural Communication 38 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 39从《远离尘嚣》和《无名的裘德》看托马斯?哈代的婚恋观 40中美两国家庭教育理念的比较

商务口译常用句型

1. 公司自我描述: We are the largest and most global steel(automobile) producer in the world. The recognized global leader and pioneer in the regional aircraft. Revenue(turnover), operating income(运营利润): Annual shipments of 34 million tons (年装运量、销售量) Annual capacity of over 45 million tons; Our market capitalization amounts to $31 billion as of January 19, 2005 Global presence; We have operating facilities in 44 countries across the world. We have 15,000 employees from over 54 nationalities in our work force We aim to become the most admired electronic company in the world 成为全球最受尊敬的公司; Our strategy include: continued focus on cost; Capital expenditure program to optimize facilities; Participate in further industry consolidation;(进行进一步的产业重组)Enhance long-term shareholder value; 提升股东的长期价值 Our competitive advantage include: Integrated business model: 一体化的商业模型; unparalleled scale of economy and scope:无与伦比的规模经济和产品生产范围;High-margin low cost carrier; 高利润、低成本运营商; Strong financial profile/position/strength, statement, (balance sheet)-unique positioned for growth; 健康良好的财务状况-为实现增长幅度奠定基础;Proven management team; global marketing network and sourcing network; Strong track record of (organic) growth and integration:良好的有机成长业绩Award-winning research and development facilities: 现代化的研发设施;Complete portfolio of technologies: 拥有全套的生产技术; Committed and multicultural work force: 尽责、敬业、多元文化的员工 We achieve organic growth by implementing best practices in each discipline through inter-company and industry-wide benchmarking;

口译常用搭配及必备句型经济类

口译常用搭配及必备句型 常用搭配经济类 1、给……带来机遇和挑战p r e s e n t(b r i n g)b o t h o p p o r t u n i t i e s a n d c h a l l e n g e s t o 2、给……带来积极影响b r i n g a m o r e p o s i t i v e i m p a c t o n... 3、给予财政资助s u p p o r t f i n a n c i a l l y 4、有巨大潜力h a v e h u g e p o t e n t i a l f o r 5、开发/青睐中国市场t a p/f a v o r t h e C h i n e s e m a r k e t 开发:explore、tap:little by little. 6、申请专利a p p l y f o r a p a t e n t/h a v e a n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r 7、阻碍……经济发展h a n d i c a p(h a m p e r)t h e e c o n o m i c d e v e l o p m e n t(s t o p\p r e v e n t) 8、增加农业投入i n v e s t m o r e i n a g r i c u l t u r e 9、有望达到(上升到)b e e x p e c t e d t o r e a c h(r i s e t o,b e u p t o) 10、造成很大压力p o s e a b i g p r e s s u r e o n 11、占领市场10%o c c u p y(t a k e,a c c o u n t f o r)10p e r c e n t o f t h e m a r k e t 12、缩小……间距离n a r r o w t h e g a p b e t w e e n 13、加快经济发展和结构调整s p e e d u p e c o n o m i c d e v e l o p m e n t a n d r e s t r u c t u r i n g 14、夺回失去市场t a k e b a c k l o s t m a r k e t 15、减轻……负担r e d u c e(l i g h t e n)t h e b u r d e n o f(o n) Burdon/pressure from 来自……的压力 16、采取反垄断措施t a k e a n t i-m o n o p o l y m e a s u r e s t o 17、加快努力s p e e d u p e f f o r t s t o 18、在……建立分公司s e t u p(o p e n/e s t a b l i s h)b r a n c h e s i n 19、促进改革p r o m o t e r e f o r m(凡是促进就用p r o m o t e) 20、面对可能压力和竞争f a c e p o s s i b l e p r e s s u r e a n d c o m p e t i t i o n 21、充分利用m a k e f u l l u s e o f 22、把…列为基本国策l i s t...a s f u n d a m e n t a l n a t i o n a l p o l i c i e s 23、发挥自身优势g i v e f u l l p l a y t o o n e's a d v a n t a g e s 24、开拓市场e x p l o i t m a r k e t s 25、扩大消费市场e x p a n d c o n s u m p t i o n m a r k e t 26、改善投资环境i m p r o v e t h e e n v i r o n m e n t f o r i n v e s t m e n t 27、加强风险防范p r e p a r e o n e s e l f a g a i n s t p o s s i b l e r i s k s

对话口译部分

Unit1句子口译 第一部分 1. 这是您第一次来广西吗? 1. Is this your first visit to Guangxi﹖ 2. 很高兴见到您?我们一直期待着您的到来? 2. Glad to see you. We’ve been expecting your coming. 3. 在过去的几年里,广西发生了很大的变化?越来越多的外商开始来南宁投资? 3. Over the past several years, Guangxi has witnessed great changes. More and more foreign businessmen began to invest in Nanning. 第二部分 1. 这是一家五星级酒店,地理位置优越?交通方便? 1. This is a five-star hotel with an ideal location and convenient transportation. 2. 希望你们对这里的住宿和服务感到满意? 2. I hope you can find the accommodation and services here satisfactory. 3. 所有费用由公司报销/负担? 3. All the expenses will be borne by the company.

4. 如果您在这里遇到不便之处,或需要帮助,请立即与我联系? 4. If any inconveniences occur or you need any help, please do not hesitate to contact me. 第三部分 1. 防城港位于广西南部北部湾北岸西端,是中国沿海24个主要港口之一? 1. Fangcheng Port is situated at the west end to the north coast of the Beibu Gulf in south Guangxi. It is one of the 24 major ports in coastal China. 2. 规划的港口岸线长50.3公里,可规划建设深水泊位200多个? 2. The planned port line is 50.3 kilometers. More than 200 deep-water berths can be built along the line. 3. 港口始建于1968年3月22日,1983年7月国务院批准对外开放? 3. The port was initially built on March 22, 1968 and was opened in July, 1983 with approval from the State Council. 4. 防城港地处华南经济圈?西南经济圈与东盟经济圈的结合部,是我国内陆进入东盟国家最便捷的出海门户? 4. Located at the conjuncture of South China Economic Rim, Southwest China Economic Rim and ASEAN Economic Rim, Fangcheng Port serves as the most convenient access of China’s mainland to ASEAN countries.

口译符号示例

一、缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式: F拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive F保留前几个字母 INFO :information INS :insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O F保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK:week RM:room PL:people F根据发音 R :are THO:though THRU:through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词原词 APT :Apartment ACC:Accountant

ACDG :According ACPT: Accept AD :Advertisement ADS :Address ADV:Advice AMAP :As much/many as possible AMT:Amount APV :Approve ASAP :As soon as possible BAL :Balance BLDG :Building CERT Certificate CFM :Conform CNCL :Cancel CNF:Conference CMI :Commission CMP :Complete CMPE :Compete/competitive CMU :Communication CONC :Concern/concerning/concerned COND :Condition CO. :Company DEPT:Department DISC :Departure EXCH:Exchange EXPLN:Explain EXT:Extent FLT :Final FRT:Freight FYR :For your reference

口译十大经典句型

1.选择类经典句:leave sb. the choice of … or … 要么……,要么…… Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. 敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠,我们要么顽强抵抗,要么屈膝投降。 The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor. 年过三十,要么成婚,要么单身。 2.使动类经典句:be the instrument of sth. 引来某事物的人或事 The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them. 全国同胞都在关注我们,如果我们有幸能够拯救他们脱离强加于身的暴政/把他们从强加于身的暴政中解救出来,那将得到他们的祝福和赞颂。 The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall 他所建立的组织最终使他垮了台 If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings. 能够让你幸福,我愿意付出我的一切。 3.回忆类经典句:it was the memories of 追溯到…… Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development. 追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会,可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。 4.假设类经典句:on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis

口译常用词汇及表达(迎来送往)

口译常用词汇及表达 一、欢迎光临 (一)商务职衔 1.总裁/会长/理事长President 2.董事会主席/董事长 Chairman (board of directors) 3.董事Director 4.执行董事Executive Director 5.总干事Director-General 6.理事Trustee/Council Member 7.总监/主任Director 8.经理Manager 9.总经理General Manager(GM) 10.副总经理Assistant General Manager 11.总经理助理General Manager Assistant 12.公关部经理PR (Public Relations) Manager 13.销售部经理Sales Manager 14.市场部经理Marketing Manager 15.生产部经理Production Manager 16.研发部经理 R & D (Research and Development) Manager 17.厂长Factory Managing Director 18.车间主任Workshop Manager 19.高级工程师Senior Engineer 20.助理工程师Assistant Engineer 21.首席执行官/总裁 C.E.O (Chief Executive Officer) 22.首席财务官/财务总监 C.F.O (Chief Financial Officer) 23.财务主管Financial Controller 24.高级会计师Senior Accountant 25.会计师Accountant 26.助理会计师Assistant Accountant 27.注册会计师Certified Public Accountant (CPA) 28.会计员Treasurer 29.出纳员Teller 30.首席信息官/ 咨讯总监 C.I.O (Chief Information Officer) 31.首席营运官/ 运营总监 C.O.O (Chief Operation Officer) 32.技术员Technician 33.程序员Programmer 34.设计师Designer 35.机械师Mechanic 36.推销员Salesman / Salesperson 37.采购员Purchaser 38.部长Minister 39.副部长Vice-Minister 40.部长助理Assistant Manager 41.省长Governor 42.市长Mayor 43.副(省长/市长)Vice- / Deputy 44.常务副(省长/市长) Senior (Vice-Governor / Vice-Mayor) 45.厅长/司长Director-General, … Department 46.局长Director-General, … Bureau 47.处长Director, ... Division 48.科长Section Chief 49.副(厅长/司长/局长/处长)deputy (二)机场词汇 1.国际航班International Flight 2.国航班Domestic Flight 3.航班Flight Number 4.起飞/抵达时间Departure/arrival time 5.机场大楼Terminal Building 6.航班/飞机资料显示牌Flight Information Board 7.候机室Departure Lounge 8.贵宾室VIP Room 9.登记柜台Check-in Counter 10.问讯处Information Desk 11.办理出境/入境/海关手续 to go through / complete the (exit/ entry/ customs) formalities 12.出境登记卡Departure Card 13.入境登记卡Landing Card 14.安全检查Security Check 15.护照检查处Passport Control 16.签证种类Type of visa 17.一次性/多次性入境签 Single-entry/Multiple entry visa 18.再入境签证Re-entry visa 19.旅行/居留签证Travel/Residence visa 20.出境/入境/过境/访问签证 Exit/Entry/Transit/V isitor’s visa 21.签证有效期validity of visa 22.入境日期及口岸date and port of entry

跨文化交际意识与口译

跨文化交际意识与口译 每个国家都有独特的文化,根据文化的定义及其与语言的关系,我们知道文化包含语言,语言反映文化。了解西方国家的文化是促进中西方交流不可或缺的,在口译中,我们必须加强培养跨文化交流意识,这也是消除语言障碍的最行之有效的方法。 一、跨文化交际意识 近年来,各位学者纷纷就“跨文化交际意识”给出了不同的理解。“文化对语际的有效转换关系极大。相同或相近的文化形式(或形态)具有相通的或相近的信息通道;反之,不同的文化形式必然产生文化差异或‘隔膜’阻塞信息通道的畅通。因此,文化因素在语际转换基本作用机制中起着重要的、不可忽视的作用。”(刘必庆,1999:72)“跨文化交际意识”广义上指,在交流过程中对文化因素形成的有意识或无意识的敏感的思维方式;狭义上指,口译员理解文化中的特殊现象,并以可接受的方式传达出这种文化。 二、口译 口译是一种跨文化交际行为。口译员的基本职责是从语言文化两个层面为交际双方搭建桥梁,真实、精确地传达信息。(胡嫣茹,2016:47)口译是一种特殊的语言交流活动,事中-英和英-中双向的语言交流。口头解释起着桥梁的作用,也就是说,本身就是一种跨文化的交流活动。在交际活动过程中,口译员将直接触及文化信息,必须能够快速,准确地传达双方交往意图。如果口译员对目标语国家文化知之甚少,会导致目标语言不会被不熟悉其文化的另一个交流方理解,更严重的是会造成误会,导致沟通失败。例如,“狗”在英语国家有正面意义,英文中有句话“Every dog has its day” 可以译为“每个人皆有出头之日”。如果读者不熟悉此句所蕴含的文化意义,很难对这句话做出合适的翻译。此外,当我们与西方国家的人沟通的时候,会得到对方的赞扬,根据我们自己的文化传统,我们会谦虚地拒绝。经常会说“没什么”,如果译为“It’s nothing. There is still much to improve”,很容易引起歧义。 三、跨文化交际意识与口译的关系 知名学者王佐良(2003:3)提到,“翻译人员要翻译单词,但从根本上说,他/她面临着两大文化。”因此,在口译过程中,口译员必须意识到源语言与目标语言之间可能存在的差异。对于口译员来说,跨文化意识对于翻译口译过程中的不可译性语言,是尤其有帮助的。口译员具备跨文化意识,会使他们在口译过程中具备是否对目的语做出修改或者在某种程度上做出修改的基本的判断能力。 (一)口译员是跨文化交际意识的承载者 在跨文化交流的过程中,口译员是传播信息的桥梁,让双方有效、成功的交

口译常用句

一. 称呼 女士们,先生们Ladies and Gentlemen 朋友们/各位朋友Dear friends 各位嘉宾Distinguished guests 尊敬的来宾Honored Guests 各位同事Dear colleagues 同志们Comrades 青年朋友们Young friends (中国)同胞们Fellow countrymen (美国)同胞们My fellow citizens (港澳台和海外华人)同胞们Dear Compatriots 老师们、同学们、朋友们Dear faculty and staff members, students and friends 同学们,老师们Dear Students and Faculty Members 各位老师,家长,毕业生们Members of the faculty, parents, and especially, the graduates Members of the faculty, proud parents, and, above all, graduates 各位企业家朋友Members of the business community 亲爱的运动员们Dear athletes 尊敬的各位国家元首、政府首脑和王室代表 Distinguished Heads of State and Government and Representatives of Royal Families 尊敬的各位使节、代表和夫人 Your Excellencies Diplomatic Envoys, Representatives of International Organizations and Your Spouses 各位使节及使团同事Excellencies and Colleagues of the Diplomatic Corps 各位团长Heads of Delegations 各位议员朋友My Lords and MPs 中央政府驻港机构各位领导Heads of local offices of the Central Government 尊敬的胡锦涛主席和夫人Your Excellency President Hu Jintao and Madame Liu Yongqing 主席先生/总统先生Mr. President 总理先生Mr. Premier / Prime Minister 总统女士Madame President 尊敬的阿罗约总统阁下Your Excellency President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 国王和王后陛下Your Majesties 各位殿下Your Royal Highnesses 尊敬的桑德罗·邦迪部长Respected Minister Sen. Sandro Bondi 尊敬的戴秉国国务委员Your Excellency State Councilor Dai Bingguo 尊敬的李省长Honorable Governor Li 尊敬的杨市长Honorable Mayor Yang 团中央第一书记陆昊先生First Secretary Mr. Lu Hao 高教授及夫人Professor and Mrs Kao 尊敬的内格罗蓬特常务副国务卿Honorable Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte 尊敬的阿姆鲁·穆萨秘书长Your Excellency Secretary General Amr Moussa 尊敬的刘立军处长Division Director Liu Lijun 尊敬的耶鲁大学校长理查德·莱文先生Dear Mr. Richard Levin, President of Yale University, 尊敬的(剑桥大学)理查德校长Vice Chancellor Alison Richard

商务句子口译常用表达

商务句子口译常用表达 装运通知shipment advice 付款方式terms of payment 外商投资foreign investment 低税收政策low-tax policies 改进技术improve the technology 满足……需要meet/satisfy one’s demand 下定单place an order place substantial/large order 下大定单 place regular order 长期下定单 (产品)经得起任何考验meet any competition 最低价格the lowest/best/most favorable price 称职的员工qualified staff 先进的技术advanced/ the latest technology 没有存货out of stock 有存货in stock/ supply from stock/ available from stock 不再生产……sb. no longer produces sth. sth. be no longer in production 样品sample 取消合同cancel the contract 交货方式mode of delivery 详细讨论to discuss sth. in more details/ further discussion

满足市场的需要meet the market demand 提高产量increase the production/output 市场占有率market share 重视pay great efforts to 维护良好的客户关系maintain good relations with customers 同类产品one’s kind 在同类产品中among/in one’s kind 畅销best-selling find/enjoy/have a ready/an easy market 从事engage in 专门从事specialize in 零配件components 研发R&D 专利patent 产品升级product improvement/upgrade 为……赔偿某人meet one’s claim for 短重索赔claim for short weight 生产和销售production and marketing 通讯设备communication equipments 办公自动化office automation devices 品质好,体积小,操作简单be good in quality, small in size and easy to operate

口译中礼貌用语和称呼语的跨文化交际差异解答

请随便。 Be at home,please. 、口译中礼貌用语的跨文化交际差异: 对于同中国人交往的外国人来说,要弄清楚汉语的礼貌语言也是够麻 烦的了。究其原因就是英语中很少使用谦词与敬语。 下级给上级写信, 可能客气一点,但也没有很多特别的谦词与敬语。 不必考虑对方的年 龄、头衔、地位等。下面是汉、英之间的一些例子: 1、汉语中常用的套语 I have n 'see n you for a long time. Long time no see. How have you bee n for these days? 刘师傅---Master … 令郎---on e s s on 丫头---o ne 'daughter 高见---a good idea 贵姓---Your n ame 久仰大名---I 'e heard a lot about you 哪里,哪里。---Tha nk you. 大作---o ne 'book/article,etc. 府上---your home;the place you are from 耽误您的时间了。 ---Thank you for your time. 惭愧,惭愧! ---I'm flattered. I m very much honored. 2、寒暄语 您好!吃了吗? Hi! / Hello! / How have you bee n? 上哪儿去啊? How are you? / How are you doing? It 'a nice day, isn 'it ? 回头见。 See you later / soon. 好久不见了。

《会议口译常用语手册》学习笔记:礼宾致辞常用表达

大会convocation 作开幕致辞give an opening address 荣誉主席honorary president /??n?r?r?/ 各国政要dignitary /?d?ɡn?t?r?/ 贵宾honorable guests 尊敬的各位来宾respectable guests 校长Vice-chancellor (英国高校校长) 副校长pro-vice-chancellor 工信部部长Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 广东省人民政府 the People’s Government of Guangdong Province 省长Governor 阁下Your Excellency 论坛symposium 座谈会seminar 在此hereby 圆满成功complete success 宣布·····开幕declare open ··· 做开幕致辞give an opening address 本人非常高兴/荣幸 I am very overwhelmed with joy to I am delighted to I am proud to I feel extremely honored to I count it a great privilege to

I take great pleasure in I give me great pleasure to I am very pleased and honored to I find it a pleasure and honor to 我/们衷心感谢/非常感谢 I owe a great debt of gratitude to I wish to thank I deeply appreciate ··· We are extremely grateful to My special thanks go to 我/们诚挚希望 It is our earnest hope that I sincerely hope that 交流思想exchange ideas 知名的/闻名遐迩的renowned 商贸中心center of business and trade 古城old city 丰富文化遗产rich cultural heritage 良好祝愿warm greetings 请允许我再次Please let me once again 致以诚挚的欢迎express/extend/convey my sincere welcome 友谊和热情friendship and hospitality 盛情好客的gracious /?ɡre???s/ 热情邀请cordial invitation /?k??d??l/ 周到的安排meticulous arrangements /m??t?kj?l?s/ 光临attendance 美好的回忆fond and happy memories

口译中的文化差异

口译中的文化差异 摘要:随着当今全球经济的快速发展以及人类社会全球化和信息化进程的不断加快,不同国家和民族之间的相互交流日益密切,而口译是不同民族和国家之间交流时必须和必然的手段。口译作为跨文化交际的桥梁不仅需要精湛的双语技能,而且也需要丰厚的文化背景知识。本文将从民族习俗、思维模式及文化沉淀等方面浅析口译中的文化差异。 引言:口译是一种跨语言、跨文化的交际活动。在口译的过程中,口译员不仅要精通不同的语言,还得在不同的文化方面架起沟通的桥梁。不同的国家有不同的语言和文化,在跨文化交际活动中,要想顺利的与外国人交流,口译员必须消除语言与文化双方面的障碍。正如王佐良教授所说:“口译员要处理的是个别的词,他面对的则是两大片文化。”因此口译员必须要了解不同文化间的差异,加强跨文化意识的培养。 一.口译的定义和类型 语言是人们表达思想,交流感情的工具,口译就是一项以语言为基础的活。许多学者从不同的角度阐述了口译的定义。上海外国语大学梅德明认为:口译是一种通过口头表达形式,将所听到(问或读到)的信息准确而又快速地由一种语言转换成另一种语言,进而达到传递与交流信息之目的的交际行为,是人类在跨文化、跨民族交往活动中所依赖的一种基本的语言交际工具。[1]中国语言文化大学刘和平教授认为:口译同笔译一样,是跨语言、跨文化的交际活动,而且是不同语言社团重要的交流形式,是两种思维的转换过程。[2]北京第二外国语大学张文教授对口译的概念进行了较全面的界定。她认为:口译是在人们跨文化、跨语言的交往活动中,为消除语言障碍,由能运用交流各方所使用的语言的人,采取口语表达方式,将一种语言所表述的思想内容以别种语言做出转述的即时翻译过程。 根据时间工作模式,口译被分为交替传译(也称连续口译/传译、即席口译/传译,简称“交传”或“连传”;英文简称CI 。讲话人说一段,译员翻译一段,然后循环往复、交替进行。交替传译常用于新闻发布会、外事会见、商务谈判、户外活动等。)和同声传译(又称同步口译、即时传译(港台用语),简称“同传”;英文简称SI。讲话人的“说”与译员的“译”几乎同时进行。同声传译可分为常规会议同传和耳语同传两种)。根据空间工作模式,口译分为现场口译(当事双方和译员同时在场)和远程口译(当事双方和译员不在一地:电话口译、远程视频口译等。)根据活动主题和场合,口译分为会议口译、陪同口译、外交口译、商务口译、媒体口译、社区口译、导游口译、医学口译、法庭/法律口译和法庭译员等。

口译中需要强记住的句子及中翻英中的

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