全国2012年4月自考英语语法试题
课程代码：00831
一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.
1．There are a lot of ________ in Xinhua Children’s Hospital. ( )
A．woman doctors B．woman doctor
C．women doctors D．women doctor
2．We ________ . Please fasten your seat belt. ( )
A．have landed B．are landing
C．landed D．land
3．Mary and John ________ each other since childhood. ( )
A．have been knowing B．knew
C．have known D．had known
4．Almost all the main roads in the city center ________ by the end of next year. ( ) A．will be widened B．were widened
C．will have been widened D．would be widened
5．The factory will be fined if the work ________ by the end of the month is delayed. ( ) A．to be completed B．will be completed
C．being completed D．completed
6．I don’t think it advisable that the young man ________ to the important post since he has no practical experience. ( )
A．is appointed B．will be appointed
C．be appointed D．has been appointed
7．Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class; she ________ have studied very hard. ( )
A．may B．should
C．must D．ought to
8．The students are staying up late these days ________ for the final exams. ( ) A．to preparing B．to prepare
C．being prepared D．prepared
9．He tried ________ a new microphone and was able to make himself heard. ( )
A．to use B．to be used
C．to using D．using
10．Mr. Johnson met ________ at the party that day. ( )
A．a certain retired movie funny star B．a retired certain funny movie star
C．a funny certain retired movie star D．a certain funny retired movie star 11．Tom likes watching TV ________ novels. ( )
A．more than to read B．more than reading
C．than reading D．rather than to read
12．The Conservative Party is one of the ________ parties in Britain. ( )
A．major B．main
C．big D．huge
13． ________ , he couldn’t deal with these problems. ( )
A．Obviously speaking B．Obviously to speak
C．Obvious D．Obviously
14．The room is too cold without heating and too small for a family of four. ________ , it is better than I expected. ( )
A．Still B．But
C．And D．So
15． ________ their differences, John and Mark remain good friends all their lives.( ) A．But for B．For all
C．Above all D．Except for
16．She is a gentle and quiet girl, ________ none of her sisters is. ( )
A．who B．whom
C．that D．which
17．She is married to a man who she believes ________ both makes a lot of money and loves her. ( )
A．who B．whom
C．that D．/
18．Neither of them who had applied for a position in the company ________. ( ) A．has been accepted B．have been accepted
C．was accepted D．were accepted
19．What she wanted from him ________ just promises at that time. ( )
A．is B．are
C．was D．were
20．I know I need a good car, but I can’t afford ________. ( )
A．it B．one
C．that D．this
二、填空题（本大题共28小题，共36分）
Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group.
(共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)
21．go, goes, is going, advice, advices, piece of advice
My special thanks ____________ to Professor Brown, who read the first draft of this book and gave me a lot of invaluable ____________ .
22．a, a, the, the, some, such
____________ beautiful is not always the same as ____________ good.
23．worrying, are worrying, has been worrying, fining, being fined, is fined
The browns ____________ about their son ____________ for overspeed.
24．was, were, be, never, being, will never be, has never to be
Though be ____________ reduced to poverty, he ____________ dishonest.
25．work, worked, working, tell, told, telling
____________ hard until ____________ to stop.
26．which, which, what, what, that, that
There is something ____________ I want you to do but ____________ you hate to do. 27．what, which, that, is, are, was
What he did and ____________ he said ____________ totally different.
28．such, so, it, make, to make, made
____________ is not funny at all ____________ fun of a disabled man.
Section B: Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. ( 共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)
29．Let’s not talk to the director, ____________ (we)?
30．You say you took the book without his permission. ___________ (other words), you stole it. 31．The book will provide a ____________ (stimuli) to research in this very important area. 32．They speak ____________ (not French) nor German, but a curious mixture of the two. 33．In my ____________ (mind) eye, she remains a little girl of six although she’s actually a grown woman.
34．I’m afraid you ____________ (have) to be responsible for everything you do after you’re eighteen.
35．Look at the dark clouds. It ____________ (rain).
36．Mary is naughty, but she____________(be) a good girl today.
37．Congress has decided that the present law____________(maintain).
38．—The lights have gone out.
—A fuse____________(blow).
39．Having finished the first project, John went on____________(work) on another one. 40．____________ (stand) on the church tower, the whole village could be seen.
41．When I told her the news, she became all____________(depressed).
42．How much did the second____________ (expensive) has cost?
43．I think the noise____________(come) below the window.
44．Don’t get____________(mad) the children. They don’t know what they’ve done.
45．____________ (consider) the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals. 46．That is the reason____________(for) he is leaving so soon.
47．Each man and woman____________(be) asked to complete a form.
48．I don’t want____________(there be) any disturbance during my lunch break.
三、改错题（本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分）
Correct one error in each of the following sentences.
49．—Did you work out the solution to this problem?
—I am at my wits end with this problem.
50．I’m going to buy a new coat. The weather report says it is very cold.
51．Far is it from me to call him a thief.
52．She talked a long time, and in the end she could make him believe her.
53．The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life.
54．The additional work will take five another weeks.
55．Such chances should never be let to slip.
56．There is something wrong with the car; it needs overhauled.
57．Having paid my taxes, the amount left in the bank is hardly worth mentioning.
58．Just take a look at that fellow, so you’ll get sick.
59．Brown bread and butter are usually eaten with smoked salmon.
60．Not a single page he read the whole semester.
四、改写句子（本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分）
Rewrite the following sentences as required.
61．Adding a suitable tag to the following statement:
I don’t believe you’ve finished knitting that cardigan yourself.
62．Reinforcing the negation in the following sentence:
No one on the committee approved of my proposal.
63．Combining the two sentences by using coordination:
He himself is interested in the subject. All his students are beginning to show an interest in it. 64．Combining the two sentences by using an adverbial clause:
John spoke through a microphone. He could be heard in every room.
65．Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct:
The house was in bad repair. It was to be sold at a reduced price.
66．Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct:
The term papers were very brief. They were better than I had expected.
67．Using extraposition:
Whether there was gold left in the mine was not known.
68．Using fronting:
The plane dived into a large crowd of spectators.
69．Using a modal auxiliary:
I’m sure that he is working late at the office.
70．Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
We are told that he will come tonight, and if he comes tonight, our meeting will be held tomorrow. If he doesn’t come tonight, there won’t be any meeting tomorrow.
71．Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
I finally threw out my dirty tennis shoes, which pleased my mother tremendously. 72．Using subjunctive mood:
I had recommended him to be placed in a more responsible position.
五、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分）
Answer the following questions.
73．Give a brief answer to the criteria of the classification of open class words and their significance.
74．List the types of subjunctive mood with examples.
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题
课程代码：00831
一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)
Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A，B，C or D in the brackets·1．My entire ______ amounted to only 100 yuan after I bought a car．（）
A．savings B．saving
C．save D．saves
2．One and two ______ three．（）
A．made B．make
C．will make D．is making
3．My boss ______ a rise in my salary for years，but nothing has happened yet．（）A．is promised B．is promising
C．has been promising D．promised
4．Much to my satisfaction，I noticed that my son’s performance at school ______．（）A．was being improved B．Was been improved
C．has improved D．had improved
5．The workers insisted on ______ the task and promised to fulfil it in time．（）A．being given B．giving
C．having been given D．given
6．If Tom had prepared well for the final exam，he ______ it．（）
A．wouldn’t fail B．couldn’t fail
C．wouldn’t have failed D．didn’t fail
7．A study concerning marriage shows that a couple ______ stay in harmony for about one or two years before they begin to find fault with each other．（）
A．should B．must
C．need D．may
8．There’s not much point ______ about it any further．（）
A．argue B．to argue
C．arguing D．being argued
9．We must get the work ______ as soon as possible．（）
A．do B．doing
C．done D．to do
10．In no country ______ Britain can one experience four seasons in the course of one single day．（）
A．better than B．more than
C．rather than D．other than
11．I would have paid ______ for this dress because I really like it．（）
A．as much twice B．as much two times
C．twice D．twice as much
12．When I called him last night，he was reading ______ story．（）
A．an exciting old detective B．an old exciting detective
C．an exciting detective old D．a detective old exciting
13．I saw her talking ______．（）
A．in the library yesterday with a young man
B．in the library with a young man yesterday
C．with a young man yesterday in the library
D．with a young man in the library yesterday
14．I want to tell you that I sympathize ______ you in your afflictions．（）
A．for B．to
C．of D．with
15．I hope that the little ______ I’ve done is of some help to you．（）
A．that B．which
C．what D．when
16．After his wife died，the goals ______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him．（）
A．after which B．for which
C．with which D．at which
17．We met a boy and a girl．The boy, ______ we asked，told us the way．（）A．that B．which
C．whom D．／
18．What my wife said and thought ______ none of your concern．（）
A．is B．are
C．was D．were
19．Nobody but Smith and John ______ in the lab yesterday．（）
A．are B．had been
C．were D．was
20．When my grandfather told us a story, he would begin like ______：a long，long time ago．．．．（）
A．these B．those
C．this D．that
二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分)
Section A：Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group.
(共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)
21．isn’t, doesn’t, don’t, it, they, they’re
Five pounds __________ buy as much as __________ used to．
22．a，the, some，any, an，such
Kalamata produces ______ of the best olive oil in the world；it’s ______ oil of very high quality．23．repairing, repaired, being repaired, calls, calling，called
His car was still ______ when he ______ the garage．
24．would be，is，be, are，will be，have been
It ______ absolutely essential that all the facts ______ examined first．
25．whether, when，where, is a girl, a girl, being a girl
_______ still ______ of ten，she was able to speak three foreign languages．
26．which, which，who，who，whom, whom
I share a room with a boy ______ is a philosophy student and ______ 1ikes to sit up half the night discussing philosophy．
27．is，was, were，itself, oneself, themselves
Chicago Bulls _____________ enjoying ____________ at the celebration party for the fifth NBA championship．
28．it, him，this，that, which, and
They tried to put ______ into my head ______ he was the right person for the job，
Section B：Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary．(共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 29．Nobody agreed with you，______ (they)?
30．They wouldn’t let their cat outside ______ (fear) it would get run over．
31．Homework should not be used as a ______ (means) of controlling children．
32．When you run，______ (foot) leaves the ground before the other comes down．
33．We decided to have a ______ (week or so) break in Paris after a month’s hard work．34．Just now I ______ (see) a man with a scar across his race come out of the shop．
35．I ______ (want) to call you but my phone broke down．
3 6．It ______ (rain) hard，but no one stopped working．
37．If it ______ (not be) for the rain，we would have had a good harvest．
38．If I ______ (stop)，there wouldn’t have been an accident，but the road was too slippery．39．He hates ______ (can)Donald Duck．
40．______ (catch) in a traffic jam，it is easy to lose patience．
41．Mary’s ______ (nice) of the four girls in the family．
42．The quicker you get ready, ______ (soon)we’11 be able to leave.
43．His ______ (fondness) collecting stamps was such that nearly half his income went into this hobby．
44．After ______ (go)more of life’s ups and downs，I decided that it was time for me to pursue what was important：it was time to fulfill my life’s dream．
45．______ (see) that he’s been off sick all week he’s unlikely to come．
46．They have four children，all ______ (of) are now at school．
47．Bread and milk，______ (have) been my breakfast for years．
48．______ (seem) to be little enthusiasm for your idea．
三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分)
Correct one error in each of the following sentences．
49．I felt relaxed after an hour and a half test．
50．According to his visiting arrangement，the Prime Minister will speak on television tonight．51．The judge ordered that the witness told the truth．
52．If I were you，I will not do that．
53．The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost its strategic importance．
54．They want at least their double salaries．
55．He would rather listen to others than to talk himself．
56．Barking furiously, I led the dog out of the room．
57．Weakened by his last illness，I fear that another winter in this country wou1d kill him．58．The boy does not smoke，not drink alcohol，and not idle away his time．
5 9．The ocean，as well as the gulf and the bay, provide good fishing．
60．Not a single word he can read and write．
四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分)
Rewrite the following sentences as required.
61．Adding a suitable tag to the following statement：
Nothing could make me give it up．
62．Strengthening the force of the following command：
Stop lying to me．
63．Using a non-finite verb form：
The witness reported that he had seen a dark saloon car parked outside the bank at the time of the robbery．
64．Combining the two sentences by using a relative clause：
The millionaire has made a public appeal．His son ran away from home a week ago．65．Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct：
Sidney was lively and talkative．His brother was quiet and reserved．
66．Using a disjunct：
It is hoped that the two sides may come to an agreement on this issue．
67．Using discontinuity：
Many ways to use small and simple machines to process large and complicated machine parts have been found．
68．Using inversion：
There was a sudden gust of wind and his hat went away．
69．Using a modal auxiliary：
I can’t believe that they have been waiting so long．
70．Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
Those who most deserve defeat rarely seem to suffer defeat．
71．Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
To guard against lost luggage，buy brightly coloured luggage or wrap bags with a belt so other passengers will not mistake your luggage with their own luggage．
72．Using subjunctive mood：
He isn’t the boss here，but he speaks in a way that makes people believe he is．
五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分)
Answer the following questions．
73．What do you think of the change of tense from the traditional sixteen tenses to two tenses? 74．What is information structure?
全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题
课程代码：00831
一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)
Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.
1. This encyclopedia, which you can buy at any bookstore, will give you ______ you need. ( )
A. all the information
B. all of information
C. all the informations
D. all of the informations
2. The child ought to have a rest; she ______ the piano for nearly three hours. ( )
A. had practiced
B. is practicing
C. has been practicing
D. practices
3. Great efforts to increase agricultural production must be made in this country if food shortage ______ . ( )
A. is to be avoided
B. can be avoided
C. will be avoided
D. has been avoided
4. My son's hair is too long; it wants ______. I'll have it ______ tomorrow. ( )
A. cutting… done
B. cutting… to be done
C. being cut… done
D. to be cut… to be done
5. All the tourists desire that the guide ______ them timely information about the changes in the schedule. ( )
A. give
B. gave
C. gives
D. can give
6. You ______ all the calculations of the students' scores. We have the computer software to do that job. ( )
A. needn't have done
B. mustn't have done
C. shouldn't have done
D. couldn't have done
7. John is supposed ______ his term paper last. week, but he hasn't finished it yet. ( )
A. to hand in
B. to be handing in
C. to have handed in
D. to have been handed in
8. You can see this type of ATM ______ in almost every commercial bank. ( )
A. used
B. using
C. use
D. to be used
9.I like playing video games ______ to the music. ( )
A. more than to listen
B. more than listening
C. than listening
D. rather than to listen
10. You can't be ______ cautious in making the decision as it concerns your son's future. ( )
A. very
B. rather
C. too
D. so
11. China has a larger population than ______ in the world. ( )
A. any country
B. any countries
C. any other country
D. all other country
12. All the candidates passed the written test ______ the exception of John. ( )
A. on
B. for
C. in
D. with
13. According to a study on children's behavior, the time ______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people will affect their relationship with real-life people later in their lives. ( )
A. when
B. that
C. in which
D. on which
14. At such a critical moment, our company needs a general manager ______ everyone has confidence. ( )
A. of whom
B. about whom
C. in whom
D. for whom
15. The donor hoped that the little ______ he had done would help the people in the flooded area. ( )
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
16. It has been found that how close parents are to their children ______ a rather strong influence on the development of the children's character. ( )
A. have
B. has
C. having
D. had
17. The audience ______ requested to remain seated during the intermission. ( )
A. are
B. is
C. were
D. be
18. During extremely hot weather, elephants require both mud and water to keep their skin cool ______ they have no sweat glands. ( )
A. and
B. so
C. because of
D. due to the fact that
19. His score of the final English exam is higher than ______ in his class. ( )
A. anyone's else
B. anyone else
C. anyone's else's
D. anyone else's
20. He has been staying at home ______ days. ( )
A. these all last few
B. these last few all
C. all these last few
D. these last all few
二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分)
Section A Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group.
(共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)
21. feel have, go, will be, are, was
The black middle class ________________ culturally excluded while the poor _______________ totally alienated.
22. a, the, some, all, each, such
A knife is no good. You need ________________ screwdriver to do ________________ job properly.
23. took, was taken, had taken, operated, been operated, operating
He ________________ to hospital last night and he's already ________________ on.
24. was, were, be, shall be, will be, has been
________________ it necessary that my uncle ________________ informed?
25. both, whether, neither, or, nor, but
________________ by accident ________________ by design, he arrived too late for the appointment.
26. which I bought, what I bought, I bought, which, what, who
This is the only book ________________ ________________ challenges this common belief.
27. which, what, that, is, are, was
________________ I need for the spring cleaning ________________ a pair of rubber gloves, some detergent and several plastic bags to hold the garbage.
28. a, one, some, any, other, another
The New York Times is neither ________________ thing nor the ________________ It's not really a city newspaper and it's not really a national newspaper either.
Section B Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)
29. She has coffee with sugar, __________(she)?
30. __________ (not let's) go out until after the rain.
31. Your politics __________ (seem) to be at variance with mine.
32. All __________ (England) was excited at the victory in the battle fields.
33. I'll go in Frank's car and you can go in __________ (Alan).
34. We __________ (finish) the job by the time you come back.
35. What are you talking about? You __________ (disturb) the class.
36. They __________ (negotiate) for three hours now and neither party seems to be willing to compromise.
37. You want to spend so much money on it? If I were you, I __________ (not do) that.
38. You __________ (not carry) the parcel home. The shop would have delivered it if you had asked.
39. I don't know __________ (ask) the question or not.
40. He appeared well __________ (prepare) for the TV debate.
41. The more friends you have, __________ (little time) you'll have to see them.
42. __________ (long) I can stay is three hours.
43. A good teacher must be neither too strict nor too weak; his manner must __________ (lie) these two.
44. Time lost through illness __________ (amount) 50 working days last year.
45. The picking of the fruit, __________ (which) work they receive no money, takes about a week.
46. Ten percent of the teachers __________ (not have) the necessary certificate.
47. - Have you met our German neighbours?
-Are they __________ (one) who moved here recently?
48. - Is he the fight person for the job?
- I __________ (not believe).
三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分)
Correct one error in each of the following sentences.
49. Linguistics is a scientific study of the language.
50. I'm sorry I don't know when he comes. I'll tell you about it as soon as he comes.
51. Can the ship get seen on the horizon?
52. May there be life on Mars?
53. Having missed the final examination, the teacher gave me a failing grade.
54. Take it easy. You know the effect of the drug will wear off four hours later.
55. It is a fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go.
56. When a pearl is cut in half and examined under a microscope, but its layers can be seen.
57. He denied seeing the murder suspect, that turned out to be true.
58. Late the son has been staying out lately.
59. No sooner he had asked the question than the answer came to him.
60. — Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
— So had she and so did I.
四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分)
Rewrite the following sentences as required.
61. Using an intensifier:
No one on the committee supported my plan.
62. Using a question tag:
Everybody knows what he has to do.
63. Using a proper modal auxiliary:
It is possible that the chair will accept your proposal if you put it in the right way.
64. Using a non-finite form:
She stood up so that she could be seen better.
65. Using a relative clause:
My boss is an incredibly boring person. His predecessor was not a boring person at all. 66. Using a disjunct:
It is natural that she will take after her mother.
67. Using an adjunct:
He ran away. He is afraid to be seen.
68. Using a relative clause:
This is the only one of the many houses here. This was destroyed by the earthquake.
69. Using passive voice:
I don't mind you criticizing me.
70. Using extraposition:
You will feel listening to him talk boring.
71. Using discontinuity:
He is the only student who applies for financial aid in this school.
72. Using an appropriate cohesive device:
I learned to speak English early in life. I had to learn English early in life.
五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分)
Answer the following questions.
73. If tense is related to time, what is aspect related to?
74. Explain the three principles of concord with examples.
第一部分选择题
I. 单项选择题（每小题1分，共20分）
Choose the best answer from the choices given:
1. There ______ a pair of glasses but there ______ no books on the desk.
A. are, are
B. is, is
C. is, are
D. are, is
2. Nobody but Tom and Mary ______ in the laboratory.
A. are
B. had been
C. were
D. is
3. She would have come if we ______ her.
A. invited
B. have invited
C. had invited
D. would have invited
4. ______ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.
A. Had it not been
B. Without being
C. Not being
D. Not having been
5. It is high time that the boy ______ sent to school.
A. is
B. was
C. be
D. is to be
6. The speech ______, a lively discussion started.
A. having been delivered
B. being delivered
C. was delivered
D. be delivered
7. Henan had a larger population ______ in China.
A. than any province
B. than all the other province
C. than other province
D. than all the provinces
8. Renting a room outside cost ______ living a dormitory for a month.
A. twice much as
B. as much as twice
C. twice as much as
D. twice more
9. You must give it back to ______ it belongs to.
A. that
B. who
C. whomever
D. what
10. It will be some time _______ the final results.
A. up until they know
B. before they know
C. up to the time they are able to know
D. until they know.
11. You think everything will be all right in time, ______.
A. so I do
B. so I think
C. nor do I
D. so do I
12. Let’s go to the cinema, ______?
A. will we
B. shall we
C. must we
D. do we
13. When you cross the road, be careful of ______.
A. traffics
B. the traffics
C. a traffic
D. the traffic
14. It ______ when I left the school.
A. is snowing
B. was snowing
C. snows
D. will snow
15. All the equipment ______ before the experiment began.
A. have been prepared
B. were prepared
C. had been prepared
D. had prepared
16. You ______ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
A. needn’t go
B. should not go
C. had better not go
D. needn’t have gone
17. The faster anything is thrown into the sky, ______.
A. the higher goes it
B. the highest it goes
C. it goes the higher
D. the higher it goes
18. We’ve agreed ______ Spain for our holiday next year.
A. to
B. on
C. for
D. with
19. They have one hour to read newspapers ______ their ordinary work.
A. apart from
B. without
C. far from
D. free from
20. There is something ______ you said. I’ll take your advice.
A. in what
B. in which
C. for that
D. at that
II. 多项选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）
Fill in the blanks with one of the items given below:
21. was, is, were, are, has, have
The bat together with the balls ______ stolen yesterday.
Not only you but also she ______ responsible for the accident.
22. have been, has been, is , are, were, will be
The number of residents to be questioned on this matter ______ quite small.
A number of students ______ going to the picnic tomorrow.
23. does there, hasn’t there, hasn’t it, has there, does it, does he, doesn’t he, hasn’t he
There has not been a great response to the sale, ______?
John has to work harder, ______?
24. poultry, thanks, species, contents, headquarters, sheep
Plural only: _________________________
Both singular and plural _______________________________.
25. board, ray, roll, piece, grain, pack, band
a _________________ of thunder
a _________________ of directors
a _________________ of sand
a _________________ of hope
26. no, none, nothing, little, few
There is ______ need to hurry. We still have a ______ time to get there.
27. will be, is going to be, is being, is to be
Look at these black clouds ？ there ______ a storm.
There ______ a day when all computers in the world break down.
28. was, wasn’t, hadn’t been, would have been, would have, wouldn’t have to
If paper ______ invented, we ______ no books.
If it _______ for an accident last night, he ______ be confined to wheelchair now.
第二部分非选择题
III. 填空题（本大题共20 小题，每题1分，共20分）
Fill in the blanks with a question tag:
29. Nobody agreed with you, ______?
30. Let’s not talk to the direc tor, ______?
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given:
31. I should have worked harder, or I ______ (pass) the examination.
32. There is not much point ______ (argue) any further.
33. I’ve heard the book ______ (condemn) many times.
34. It seems that you’re beginning ______ (understand) my point.
35. Having lost all his money, Mark had no choice but ______ (ask) the police for help.
36. The family ______ (be) at table when he arrived.
37. It’s high time you ______ (start) to think abou t your chances of landing a good job after graduation.
Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition:
38. Clay pots must have some protection ______ severe weather.
39. Such problems have to be accounted ______ in political terms.
40. His life is ______ stake.
Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun:
41. Canterbury, ______ is famous for its cathedral, is a major tourist attraction in England.
42. We met a boy and a girl. The boy, ______ we asked, told us the way.
Fill in the blanks with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:
43. They became more and more amused at ______ he was doing to the dog.
44. Work harder, ______ you will never pass the comprehensive examination.
45. You are to finish your homework ______ you can watch TV.
46. You didn’t need to carry the parcel home ______ the shop has delivery service.
47. John was so disappointed when Susan turned down his proposal ______ he remained single for the rest of his life.
48.He is such a sound sleeper ______ you wouldn’t wake him up even if you remove the bed.
IV. 改错题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Correct errors in the following sentences:
49. It was last night when Pat released the president’s illness to the reporters.
50. His fondness of collecting stamps was such that nearly half his income went into this hobby.
51. What were believed to be aliens from the outer space was actually several sheep going astray.
52. Where she was at the time of the murder was of major concern to the police that is investigating the case.
53. He found it annoyed that this neighbor kept calling him by the wrong name.
54. She kept depressed until he advised her seeing a doctor.
55. She asked her students a question. Every gave her a different answer.
56. Not until 1868 was when Atlanta made the capital of the state of Georgia.
57. Five minutes earlier, but we could have caught the last train.
58. Paul suggest that they meet in the front of the school gate at one o’clock on Friday afternoon.
V. 改写句子（本大题共12 小题，每小题2 分，共24
分）
Rewrite the following sentences as required.
59. Reinforce the following sentence as required:
I haven’t seen such a swarm of ants. (never in all one’s life)
60. Rewrite the following sentence by adding an appropriate tag question:
They must all have taken the wrong road.
61. Turn the following sentence into an exclamation.
They are running fast.
62. Turn the following sentence into the passive, using by-phrase if necessary. Don’t try to expect them to reward you with the money they promised.
63. Rephrase the following sentence using modal auxiliaries.
The Bulls were probably not well prepared for the third game of the 1997 NBA final.
64. Combine sentences using coordination:
On his way up the hill Jack fell down. He hurt his hands and knees. Jimmy got to the top all right.
65. Combine sentences using subordination:
2007年4月全国自考现代英语语法试题和答案 一、单项选择题（本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分） to bed until 1. The general sent out word that no one in the bunker further orders.【】 A. will go B. would go C. was about to go D. was to go 答案：D 2. He violin when I want to sleep.【】 A. always plays B. play always C. is always playing D. always is playing 答案：C until yesterday.【】 3. James has just arrived,but I didn＇t know he A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. comes 答案：B everything else.【】 4. I only called the police when I A. tried B. was trying C. had tried D. had been trying 答案：C .【】 5. Mother wished I you what she A. didn＇t tell; said B. didn＇t tell; has said C. didn＇t tell; had said D. hadn＇t told; said 答案：D 6. Jean Wagner＇s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.【】
动词部分（第5,6,7,8章） 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1.2010040 2. My train is going to arrive at Shanghai at about eight o’clock tonight. The plane I’d like to take from there ______ by then. ( ) A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 2.2010040 3. The young man who has applied for the post ______ in the general manager’s office.( ) A. is interviewing B. is being interviewed C. to be interviewed D. had been interviewed 3.2010040 4. It is essential that all the exam papers ______ back before the end of the term. ( ) A. must be sent B. are sent C. will be sent D. be sent 4.2010040 5. ______ for my illness, I would have got the job in the Disneyland. ( ) A. Not being B. Without being C. Had it not been D. Not having been 5.2010040 6. The car ahead of me suddenly stopped by the roadside. I think it ______ out of gas.( ) A. may run B. may have run C. must run D. should have run 6.2010040 7. The teacher won’t mind ______ the term paper. ( ) A. us to delay handing in B. our delaying handing in C. our delaying to hand in D. us delay to hand in 7.20100408. All the tasks ______ ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate.( ) A. have been finished B. had been finished C. having been finished D. were finished. 8.20100702. It seems that oil ____ from the tank for some time. We’ll have to take the oil tank apart to see what's wrong. （） A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking 9.20100703. A great deal of research _____ into the possible cures to AIDS in recent years.（） A. is done B. was done C. has been done D. will be done 10.20100704. Gone ____ when the Chinese people had to struggle to make a living and to worry about lack of food all day. （） A. the days B. are the days C. have the days D. the days have 11.20100705. Sometimes I wish I ____ extraordinary power to make all the impossible possible.（） A. have B. had C. have had D. am having 12.20100706. I've tried several times today, but the line is always busy; someone ____ the telephone. （） A. should be using B. must have been using C. must have used D. must be using 13.20100707. It's no use ______ the result of the exam; it's already finished. （） A. worrying about B. to worry about C. to worrying about D. having worried about 14.20100708. With so much noise outside, the speaker had to raise his voice to have himself____.（） A. hear B. heard C. to be heard D. to hear 15.20110402. The child ought to have a rest; she ______ the piano for nearly three hours. ( ) A. had practiced B. is practicing C. has been practicing D. practices
第一部分：引言 《现代英语语法》是由李基安先生编写，全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会指定的全国高等教育自学考试教材。 关于这门课程的考试要求，可参见该教程第425所附录的《英语语法自学考试大纲》。大纲是方向、目标，广大考生必须仔细了解。英语语法是关于英语语言结构的理论知识。通过该课程的学习，学员能够比较系统地认识英语从词，句到语篇的构造，从而提高他们应用英语的规范性。 在学习该教材时，学员普遍存在两种倾向：一是，由于该教材都是用英文编写，里面又涉及很多专业术语，许多学员觉得高深、难懂；二是，有些学员认为，自己从学英语开始就在学习英语语法，没有必要在这门功课上花太多的精力，所有的语法书都大同小异，自己稍做准备就能对付过去。 其实，两种看法都失偏颇。现代语法的发展与传统语法已经存在比较明显的差异，例如：传统语法认为，英语有九种（甚至十六种）时态，该教程则采取的是‘a system of two tenses and two aspects’—-—-—-两时两体体系。另外对phrases, clauses 的概念也有不同的定义。书中提到的一些其他语言现象，如：外位[extraposition], 分隔[discontinuity], 分裂句[cleft sentence]等都是一般语法书所不提及或者阐述不同。该教材也并非高深莫测，毕竟多数语言现象还是我们日常英语学习中所耳濡目染的，只不过我们许多英语学习者没有考究过它们形成的理论根据，来龙去脉而已。 所以，为了使自己的英语更加规范，让自己能用英语更准确、有效地传递信息、表达思想，英语专业的学生还是很有必要把这门课程学好。 现在我们就结合《现代英语语法》教材，近几年英语语法专业考试试题，讲述英语语法考试中考生容易忽略的测试要点或难点。 我们先通过几道语法题来检测你现有的现代语法水平，接着探讨一下该教材的学习方法，最后把教材各章的要点、难点归纳给大家。在整个讲解过程中，我们力争多采用教材里的素材以及往年试题中的一些经典考题，以便学员在学习、归纳语法现象的同时使自己的备考收效最大化。 先测试一下自己的现代语法水平(同时了解一下英语语法考试的题型、结构；每年考试形式基本相同，有些部分稍有调整。为了节省篇幅，这里各部分只选取几个样题) The Pre-course Quiz I、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）Choose the best answer from the choices given: 1. In the end, he __________. a. got invited b. gets invited c. was invited d. was to be invited 2. Do what I tell you --__________! a. or else b. or so c. and that d. and do 3. __________ , he managed to remain among the top 5% of his class. a. To work hard as he did b. Working hard as he did c. Work hard as he did d. Worked hard as he did 4._____ there be life on Mars? (p171) a. May b. Can c. Might d. Ought 5.Stay _____ have dinner with us, will you?(p263) a. to b. or c. and d. here 6.You _____ be shocked at the news.(p168) a. should well b. must well c. may well d. can well 7. You have to wait a minute, ______? a. haven't you b. do you c. don't you d. shouldn't you 8. Staying in hotel cost ________ renting a room in a dormitory for a week. a. twice as much b. twice as much as c. as much as twice d. twice than 9. I don't think she meant_________ you. (p206) a. hurt b. to hurt c. hurting d. be hurt 10. ___ I worked hard at school, I ___ this kind of work now. a. Had... wouldn't have done b. Had... wouldn't be doing c. If... wouldn't do d. If... wouldn't be doing II.多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分） Fill in the blanks with one of the items given below: a, the, any, some, all 1. __________ of us decides what to take into the future and what to leave behind. That's why__________ arrival of the Year 2000 has become such a personal moment. 2. be, is, was, are ,were, will be, shall be, has, have had a. She is one of these girls who _______ trouble running around. b. This one of the many houses here which _______ destroyed in the earthquake. 3. seem, seems, me, I, mine Your politics _____ to be entirely different from _____. (p59) 4. less, less of, than, as, like Mr. Smith is _____ a politician ______ Mr. Lee. (p237) III.填空题（本大题共20小题，每题1分，共20分） Fill in the blank with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator: 1. It was an island __________ name I have forgotten. 2. He carried his luggage all the way home, __________ was actually unnecessary. 3. He soon made it clear __________ he had asked for a meeting. 4. The police arrived, after __________ the situation became calmer. Fill in the blanks with proper words: 5.I like Australia best _______ all the English-speaking countries. 6.I made a comparison _______ the major English speaking countries.(p251) IV.改错题（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分） Correct errors in the following sentences: 1. Francis Bacon wrote that reading made a full man. 2. Go and get some fresh air! You were sitting here all morning. 3.The all of Paris welcomed the general. (p79) 4. I've got five brothers, and every of them is quite different from the others. 5. None of my parents are interested in my idea. (p344) V.改写句子（本大题共14小题，每题2分，共28分） Rewrite the following sentences as required: 1. Combining the sentences into one that contains a relative clause: You sent my son an English-Chinese dictionary. Thank you very much. 2. Combining the sentences into one that contains a relative clause: Twenty horses were put into the corral. They were to be trained for riding. https://www.doczj.com/doc/9214724208.html,bine the sentences into one that contains a relative clause:(p289) My boss is a very considerate person. His predecessor was not a considerate person at all. 4.Rewrite the following sentence using whatever cohesive
2010年4月全国自考现代英语语法真题 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1:参考答案：A 试题内容：That definition leaves___for disagreement. A:much roomB:a small roomC:many roomsD:a big room 2:参考答案：B 试题内容：My train is going to arrive at Shanghai at about eight o’clock tonight. The plane Id like to take from there___by then. A:would leaveB:will have leftC:has leftD:had left 3:参考答案：B 试题内容：The young man who has applied for the post___in the general managers office. A:is interviewingB:is being interviewedC:to be interviewedD:had been Interviewed 4:参考答案：D 试题内容：It is essential that all the exam papers ______ back before the end of the term. A:must be sentB:are sentC:will be sentD:be sent 5:参考答案：C 试题内容：___for my illness, I would have got the job in the Disneyland. A:Not beingB:Without beingC:Had it not beenD:Not having been 6:参考答案：B 试题内容：The car ahead of me suddenly stopped by the roadside. I think it___out of gas. A:may runB:may have runC:must runD:should have run 7:参考答案：B 试题内容：The teacher won’t mind___the term paper. A:us to delay handing inB:our delaying handing inC:our delaying to hand inD:us delay to hand in 8:参考答案：C 试题内容：All the tasks___ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate. A:have been finishedB:had been finishedC:having been finishedD:were Finished 9:参考答案：A 试题内容：What he has done is___what I have done. A:superior toB:more superior toC:superior thanD:more superior than 10:参考答案：B 试题内容：Mary earns___as Jane does, but she spends less money on cosmetics than Jane. A:twice so muchB:twice as muchC:as much twiceD:so much twice 11:参考答案：C 试题内容：We’ll discuss a___issue before we move on to the problem of our major concern. A:lessB:moreC:lesserD:most12:参考答案：A
绝密★考试结束前 全国2020年10月高等教育自学考试 英语语法试题 课程代码：00831 1.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 选择题部分 注意事项： 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 I. Choose the best answer from the choices given and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 1%X20=20%) 1.The police arrived and were telling him to calm down and put the knife down. A.he B. she C. they D. it 2.Many thanks to Adams fbr all his good deeds and contributions to the company all the while. A. going B. go C. goes D. gone 3.Only a small part of the people in prison today were sent there by a jury of their peers. A. a B. the C. one D. / 4.By the end of last year, this charity group more than 4,000 jobs fbr the unemployed. A. created B. had created C. has created D. would have created 浙00831#英语语法试题第1页（共6页）
名词和名词短语（2） 限定词和属格 4.1 限定词 Determiner 在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指，类指以及表示数量等限定的词。 Determiners refer to the words which are used in the pre-modification of a noun phrase which typically precede any adj. that pre-modify the head word. 限定词和形容词区别 Difference between Determiner and Adjective 1.前置限定, 限定词在形容词前面.Determiner usually precede adj. in pre-modification. 2.限定词的选择受中心词影响而形容词不受。The choice of Determiner is determined by the head word but not that of adj. 3.形容词表明中心词的特征，而限定词限定中心词的意义数量。Adj. describe the head word by showing its characteristic while determiner determine the head word by identifying or quantifying. 4.形容词可位于中心词后，而限定词不可。 Adj. can post-modify the head word but not Determiner. 5.形容词有比较级而限定词没有(除few, little, many much 外) 。 Adj. has comparative form but not Determiner （except few, little, many much ）. 4.1.2 Co-occurrence of Determiners Determiner may co-occurrence in the pre-modification of a noun phrase: two or more determiner may modify one and the same head word. Each determiner takes a fixed position , we identify their relative positions in the case of co-occurrence. 定义 考点1 定义
本次语法串讲分三个部分，第一，方法篇；第二，命题特点分析；第三，重点章节复习。 第一、方法篇 自学考试英语专业《英语语法》科目是一门理论性和实践性都非常强的课程，旨在考核考生能否熟练掌握现代英语语法的基本理论和概念，掌握词的形态变化和用词造句的规则，以及组句成篇的一般形式和规律。 由于存在着英汉语言体系上的差异、教材的全英版和术语的生僻、语法本身乏味枯燥等外部因素，以及考生英语基础知识薄弱、精读和泛读的阅读数量尚未达到一定量因此不能将一些语法规则变成感性认识加以推演和归纳、甚至还有同学有畏难情绪，一旦跟不上就放弃，或者偷懒，不愿多做一些练习和多记一些概念解释，结果仅以一、二分之差没有及格，令人扼腕。 但是有志者事竟成，这句名言还没有过时。我们举几个成功的例子吧。 我教过的学生中有人刻意让自己爱上语法，首先，她克服困难，把全书通读一遍，可是有那么多不懂的单词和术语怎么办？她问我。我说，把它们暂时放在一边，然后通过例句猜测该词的含义，结果既记住了概念又结合了例句，相辅相成，直到掌握。 比如：什么是extraposition？这个词是由extra－（在……之外，额外）加position（位置），联想到appositive phrase（同位短语），appositive clause （同位语分句）等，那么从该词的外形上可以判定extraposition是“位置放在外围”。 它出现在我们教材中的《信息结构和强调》一章中，我们知道，突出强调信息的几种主要方法（postponement, fronting，inversion， cleaving，existential sentence）之一的后移又有三种后移的方法：passive voice, extraposition and discontinuity。从课本上我们看到这样的例句：To make fun of a disabled man is not funny at all. It is not funny at all to make fun of a disabled man. He found it annoying that his neighbor kept calling him by the wrong name. 你注意到这里有it出现在句中做形式主语和形式宾语，真正的主语和宾语在句末，然后，结合解释“When we re move a clausal subject or object to the final focal position, we use the anticipatory it to fill in the slot. Grammatically speaking, it is the formal subject or object while the extraposed clause is the real or notional subject or object. In function, the extraposed item can be subject or object; in form it can be finite or non-finite. 后移的结果就是满足了末尾重心（end-weight）的原则，达到强调的效果。
现代英语语法 第三章名词、代词和数 3.0引言 简单来说，名词就是表示一个人地点事物事件或者想法的名字的词。名词是语言的重要组成部分，由名词作为主要构成要素的表达，比如a knockout,honesty和the possibility都叫做名词词组，每个名词词组有一个关键成分叫做中心词。（knockout,honesty,possibility），前面还有一个附属成分叫修饰语（a,the） 名词词组可根据外部功能和内部结构来进行分类。 典型的名词词组的结构如下，括号里的部分可能会出现，但并不是一定出现。 （前置修饰语+）中心词（+后置修饰词）。 名词词组的中心词很明显是名词或代词，可带有前置修饰语或后置修饰词，修饰语可为从字到句子的各种不同的层次，如： they people the people the old people people old and sick people in hospital all the sick people in hospital people to receive treatment people receiving treatment people who are receiving treatment etc. 在英语的实际应用中，名词词组结构的变化要受某些因素如中心词的词性、修饰词的结构及修饰词顺序的影响。 就功能而言，名词词组主要可以做主语，宾语，补语和修饰语，有的名词词组甚至可以做状语： The whole building is on fire.（主语）整个大楼都着火了。 I sold my car to my neighbour.（宾语）我把车卖给了我的邻居。 The lump in my chest has melted as I think about her display of love.（主语；宾语）一想到她的爱，我不再哽咽了。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.（主语补语）患难见真情。 You can call me John.（宾补）你可以叫我约翰。 I don't mind if you do it after school.（介词补语）我不介意你放学后是不是干这件事。 He rides a mountain bike.（修饰语）他骑了一辆山地自行车。 He was here yesterday,I'm sure.（状语）我肯定他昨天在这儿。 3.1名词分类 名词有各种各样的分类，可分为具体名词和抽象名词，也可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，还可以分为有生命的名词和无生命的名词。 名词可以根据意思和形式分类，根据意思，名词可以分为两类，专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是特定的人，地点或者事物的名称，拼写时首字母大写，普通名词则是一类人，事物或者抽象的想法的统称，普通名词又可以进一步的划分为个体名词，集体名词，物质名词和抽象名词。从形式上看，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有复数，并可以与数字连用，带有限定词，而不可数名词则是只有一种形式的名词，使用时可以不带限定词。
2005年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语语法试题 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Chose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter in the blank. 1. The task force is supposed_____. A. to be getting reinforced B. that to be getting reinforced C. to being got reinforced D. that been got reinforced 2. He muffled his voice to avoid_____. A. having been identified B. to be identified C. identified D. being identified 3._____, I would call him in advance. A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you 4. The company encourages _____ uniforms. A. to wear B. wears C. wearing D. have worn 5. What is _____ story you have ever heard? A. funnier B. a funniest C. the funnier D. the funniest 6. You may take an oral or written exam _____ you prefer. A. according as B. according to C. if D. whether 7. The Tower of London, _____ so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction. A. which B. there C. where D. from it 8. Pride and prejudice _____ never failed to characterize the aristocracy. A. had B. has C. have D. are 9. Not only the players and the coach but also the referee _____ responsible for the defeat. A. were B. was C. is D. are 10. How often _____ your car _____? I think it ought _____ twice a week at least. A. is … washed, to be washed B. is … washed, to wash C. is … washed, to have washed D. has … been washed, to be washed 11. The noise of the desks _____ could be heard out in the street. A. having been opened and closed B. opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to be opened and closed 12. I had hoped that Jennifer _____ a doctor, but she was not good at medicine. A. will become B. become C. would become D. becomes 13. Most people enjoy _____. A. to flatter B. to be flattered C. flattering D. being flattered 14. Congratulations on _____ to the university. A. having admitted B. being admitted C. admitting D. have admitted 15. As we went _____ in our investigation of the case, we had more evidence of a political conspiracy. A. far B. farther C. further D. farthest 16. _____ his immense fortune, he died a most unhappy man. A. Although B. With all C. With D. Because of 17. He takes no interest in studies; _____, he plays tennis all day. A. in short B. instead C. anyhow D. still 18. The factory was burned down last night; _____ many workmen were thrown out of employment. A. for this sake B. on that account C. in that case D. unfortunately 19. The old _____ usually self-conceited as age sometimes does tell. A. is B. will be C. are to be D. are 20. There _____ a tall building, several tennis courts and lots of non-deciduous trees on the center of the area. A. is B. are C. stand D. appears 二、选择填空题(本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分)
2016年4月全国自考《现代英语语法》真题 (总分100, 考试时间90分钟) 1. Choose the best answer from the choices given and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. The Niagara Falls_______long been a popular tourist destination, boosted by a number of movies. ( ) A have B having C had D haven't 答案:A 解析：山脉、瀑布、岛屿等地理名词常常被当作复数。这些名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数，如the Alps，the highlands，the Himalayas，Niagara Falls等。答案为A。 2. There is nothing more wonderful in the world than swimming with a_______of fish around you. ( ) A sack B sheet C staff D school 答案:D 解析：本题考查单位名词。a school of fish一群(小)鱼，很多，a school of＝a lot of。答案为D。 3. There are stores on_______sides of the square. ( ) A both B every C each D all 答案:D 解析：the square(广场)是四面的，所以排除仅指两边的both。选项B和C后跟单数名词。答案为D。 4. You have not at all read my points carefully and_______the same mistakes. ( ) A continuously repeat B continuously repeated C are continuously repeating D continuously repeating 答案:C 解析：现在进行体和表示高频率的副词always，constantly，continually，continuously，all the time等连用时，失去了表示暂时性的语义含义，而经常被用来表示一种独特的习惯。答案为C。 5. Then you will come to a level plain, in which the Nile ____ round an island named Tachompso. ( ) A flows B flow C is flowing D flowing 答案:A 解析：表示客观事实用一般现在时。句意为：然后你会来到一个平坦的平原；在那里，尼罗河环绕一座名叫Tachompso的岛屿而流。答案为A。 6. He _______ hurt last year early in the playoffs and never came back. ( ) A got B were