济南概况
The Overview of JiNan
尊敬的各位来宾：
下边，把济南的情况给大家做一个简单的介绍。
My distinguished guests :
Now I …d like to give you a simple introduction of JiNan.
●济南面积和人口等the acreage and population of jinan
山东按行政区域划分为17个地市。济南市是山东省的省会城市，是全省的政治、经济、文化、科研、教育、交通等中心。它位于山东省中西部，南边是泰山、北边靠黄河，总面积8177平方公里，辖6区3县1市。济南有常住人口600万，其中城区人口243万。济南的市树为垂柳，市花为荷花。
Shandong province is divided into 17 cities according to the administration region. Jinan as the the provincial capital city of Shandong province is the centre of whole province in politics, economies, culture, research, education and communication,and so on. It is located in the midwest of Shandong province, its south is Mount Taishan and its north depend to the yellow river. Jinan?s total area is 8177 square kilometers, governing 6 zones ,3 counties and one city. It has a permanent population of
6,000,000, among which 2,430,000 is urban population. weeping willow is Jinan?s city tree and the water lily is its city flower.
●济南气候the weather of jinan
济南地处中纬度地带，气候温和，四季分明。全年降水的60%集中在夏季。济南是一座气候宜人的城市，历代文人多有诗词文章歌颂。大家耳熟能详的有当代著名文人老舍的作品《济南的冬天》。其实他还写了《济南的春天》和《济南的秋天》，都对济南这座城市的气候和天气赞不绝口。
Located in the middle-latitude zone,jinan?s weather is moderate, seasons are clear here. 60% precipitation of the whole year is concentrated in summer. Jinan is such a city with pleasant weather that many literaties have the poem or article to to praise it in defferent ages. Contemporary famous writer,Lao She?s
is familiar to everyone. In fact , beside that he also wrote
●济南的由来the origin of jinan
前面我介绍了山东名称的由来，大家想知道济南这座城市的名字是怎么得名的吗？中国古代有著名的三山、五岳、四渎，这四渎是四条著名的河流，它
们是黄河、长江、淮河和济水河。济水河的河床就是今天黄河济南段的河床。济南因位于济水河的南岸，因而得名。原先黄河并不流经济南，只是在清朝咸丰五年（1855），黄河在河南的铜瓦箱决口，黄河水夺济水河河床入海，自此济水河消失，黄河流经济南。
I have introduced the case of the denomina tion of “shandong”.Do you want to known how this city get the name of “jinan”? In ancient times china has three mountains, five Yues and four channels, these four channels are four famous rivers, they are yellow river, Yangtze River, Huaihe and jishui river.The bed of jishui river now is the river bed of yellow river in jinan. Jinan gets its name because of being located in southern land of jishuiriver.The yellow river didn't flow through jinan at first, just in the Manchu Dynasty xianfeng five years(1855), the yellow river overflowed in “the actinium kiowatt box” of Henan, water of yellow river jayhawk the river bed of jishui river to run into sea, from that time on jishui river absenced, the yellow river flowed through jinan.
济南是黄河下游的一座古城，历史源远流长，素有齐鲁雄都，海右名城之称。早在春秋时，称泺邑，是济南最早记入史册的地名；战国时，济南为历下邑；汉至明、清相继在济南设郡、府。从明代起，为山东省治，济南便一直是山东省政治、经济、文化中心。1929年正式设市，1948年9月24日解放。
Jinan is an ancient city with a long history downstream yellow river, named of “hero capitalcity of QiLu”and “famous city right to the sea. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period jinan was calls Luo Yi which was the earliest name of jinan to have being recorded in historical work; On the the Period of Warring States jinan was called LiXia city;From Han Dynasty to Ming and Qing Dynasty prefecture and capital was set up in jinan one after another. Since Ming Dynasty jinan was governed of Shandong province, from then on it has became to be the politics, economies and cultural centre of Shandong province. Jinan was formally established as city in1929 and liberated on September 24, 1948.
●济南的泉水the sprig water of jinan
正如哈尔滨被称为冰城、昆明被称为春城一样，济南也有个别称，叫泉城。因为济南泉水众多而得名。据统计，只济南市区就有泉100多处，著名的有72处。这些泉大都分布在济南老城区。古人就有“齐多甘泉，甲于天下”、“家家泉水，户户垂杨”的赞誉。也许大家会问了，济南为什么会有这么多的泉呢？这还是跟济南的地形地势有关。济南地势南高北低，南部山区是由易渗水的碳酸岩
组成，大气降水下渗，沿着地势向北潜流，在济南老城区遇到不透水的辉长岩体堵截，水流积聚到一定程度，就在地质构造比较薄弱的地方喷涌而出，从而形成济南众多的泉群。
Just as Harbin is called ice city, Kunming is called spring city, jinan is known as spring city because there are so many springs in jinan. According to the statistics, there are more than 100 springs in jinan?s urban area, 72 springs are
well-known.These springs are mostly distributed in jinan?s old city zone,the ancients commend this as “spring spread all over Qi area,second to none all over the
world”“ every family has spring and door to door has weeping willow”.Probably you will ask why jinan has so many springs?This is still attributes to the geography of jinan. The south of jinan is higher than the north ,the north mountain area is composed of carbonatite which is easy for the water to ooze, precipitation water underflows to the north along geography, when the water comes to jinan?s old city zone,meeting the watertight gabbro body it becomes to accumulate and when the water current s gathers to a certain extent it flows out of the thinner place in geologic structure to form numerous springs.
2004年4月2日，济南新七十二名泉评审最终“尘埃落定”。济南七十二名泉评审委员会召开新闻发布会，正式向社会公布了济南新七十二名泉及十大泉群评审结果。
On April 2, 2004, the new 72 springs fo jinan was finally choosed. Validation committee of 72 springs convened a Press Conference to formally pubulish the validation result of lately 72 springs and ten greatest springs.
新七十二名泉的评审，本着尊重历史，尊重古人，与时俱进，有利管理，重在保护，以市区为主，兼顾郊县（市区）的原则，对历史上金、明、清三代所列七十二名泉进行全面考察，能保留的尽量予以保留。对历史上未列入七十二名泉的泉水，水势旺盛，具有良好自然人文环境和旅游价值的，经考察评审也列入新七十二名泉。同时，依据泉水的分布、数量、地质结构和泉水径流特点，划分了以趵突泉、珍珠泉、黑虎泉、五龙潭为中心的四大市区内的泉群，新划定了百脉泉泉群、洪范池泉群、涌泉泉群、袈裟泉泉群、玉河泉泉群和白泉泉群等六大周边县市区泉群，形成了济南市十大泉群。
The validation of new 72 springs is in the light of to respect history, respect the ancients, keep up with the Times, avail to supervision, heavy in safeguard, give attention to downtown area at the same time take suburb county into account ,give comprehensive investigatation to the 72 springs in the history of Jin Dynasty, Ming
Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, try best to reserve those which can be reserved. The other springs that didn't be included in 72 springs in the history whose water current is thriving and has good worth of nature ,humanism ,environment and tourism can also be included in new 72 springs by judge of investigation.At the same time, according to the distribution, quantity ,geology structure and the spring the runoff features of the springs, four spring groups downtown are divided respectively with the center of Bao Tu spring , pearl spring, black tiger spring, five dragon ponds spring ,beside that the other six spring groups in the suburban area are designated which includes new 100 vein spring group, Hong Fan Chi spring group, flow out spring group,cassock spring group , jade river spring group and white spring group. Thus ten spring groups of jinan are formed.
趵突泉泉群有泉28处；珍珠泉泉群21处；黑虎泉泉群16处；五龙潭泉群28处；百脉泉泉群20处；洪范池泉群（平阴）22处；涌泉泉群（柳埠、仲宫、西营）126处；袈裟泉泉群（灵岩寺、五峰山）44处；玉河泉泉群（港沟、彩石）68处；白泉泉群（王舍人镇）8处。
The Bao Tu spring group has 28springs,The pearl spring group has 21 springs,The black tiger spring group owns 16 springs and the Five dragon ponds spring group , New 100 vein spring group, Hong Fan Chi spring group （located in Ping Yin county）, Flow out spring group (located in Liu Bu, Zhong Gong and Xi Ying town) ,Cassock spring group ( located in Lingyan Temple and Wufeng mountain), Jade river spring group ( located in Gang Gou and Cai Shi town ) and White spring group ( located in Wang She Ren town ) respectively has
28,20,22,126,44,68 and 8 springs .
从济南南行70余公里，就是泰安市，闻名世界的泰山就坐落在泰安市的北部。再南行60余公里，就是世界十大历史文化名人之首——孔子的故乡。济南、泰山、曲阜这一条旅游线路，是山东省最主要的旅游线路之一，叫山水圣人线，其中的水就是指济南的泉水。
South from jinan about 70 kilometers is Tai-an City. Mount Taishan which is well-known in the world is located in its north.From Tai-an City go south more than 60 kilometers is Chufu the hometown of Confucius who is the fisrt one of ten greatest historical cultural celebrities in the world . jinan, Mount Taishan and Chufu form a tour route ,one of the most important tour route of Shandong province named mountain water and sage route ,among which the water just points to spring of jinan.
●济南的历史文化
The history and culture of jinan
济南历史悠久，文化昌盛，文物古迹众多。这里是龙山文化和东方文明的发祥地。
Jinan has a long history, its culture is prosperous and there are many cultural relics and historical sites where is the birthplace of Longshan culture and the Eastern civilization.
城子崖龙山古迹，是中国迄今发现最早的城邦；
Longshan historical sites in Chengziya is the earliest city-state in china which has been found.
城子崖出土的四五千年前的黑陶，工艺精湛，令人叹为观止；
The black pottery that was made 4,000-5,000 years ago unearthed in Chengziya is exquisite and breathtaking.
济南市南部的历山，是大舜曾经耕作和生活过的地方，大舜教亲和勤劳的美德，至今传为佳话；
Lishan mountain lies in the south of jinan was the place where big Shun cultivated and lived, big Shun?s virtues of compatible and industrious are still be widely read today.
穿越济南的齐长城比秦始皇的万里长城的历史还要提前300多年；
Great Wall of Qi that passes through Jinan is 300 years ahead of Chin Shihhuang's Great Wall's .
汉代孝堂山郭氏墓石祠是中国现存最古老的地面房屋建筑；
Guo Shi gravestone ancestral temple of Han Dynasty in XiaoShan mountain is the most ancient ground building extant in china .
隋代柳埠四门塔是中国最古老的单层方形石塔；
Four-Gate Pagoda of Sui Dynasty located in LiuBu town is the most ancient monolayer square shape pagoda of china.
灵岩寺景区为泰山最幽绝处，有“游泰山不游灵岩不成游也”之说；灵岩寺被誉为中国四大名刹之首，其中千佛殿中的宋代彩塑罗汉被誉为“海内第一名塑”；
The scenic zone is the quietest place of Taishan, There is the saying of “It isn?t a tour if go to Taishan not to lingyan”; Lingyansi is honored as the head of Chinese four big famous temple , the coloured sculpture arhat of Song Dynasty in thousand Buddhist temple hall of Lingyansi is honored as “the first famous sculpture in china”;
济南市又是群泉喷涌，名士荟萃的地方，长期以来形成了以龙山文化、大舜文化、名泉文化和名士文化为主要特色的泉城文化。再加上悠久的建城历史，丰富的文化遗存，众多的名胜古迹，遂使济南成为国内外著名的历史文化名城。
Jinan is also a place where springs spout and famous litterateurs gather together, it has formed Quancheng culture taking the Longshan culture, the big Shun culture, the famous spring culture and the famous litterateur culture as main characteristic since a long time. In addition, glorious history of city construction, rich culture remains, numerous scenic and historic spots make Jinan a famous historical and cultural city in domestic and foreign.
历史上有很多名人对济南留下了脍炙人口的赞美之词。
Many celebrities in the history had left universally acclaimed praises to Jinan.
唐代大诗人杜甫曾写到“海右此亭古，济南名士多”；
Tang Dynasty?s great poet Du Fu once wrote about “a pavilion right to the sea ,stand for a long time, personages of Jinan are very numerous.
元好问在遍游济南山水后，写下“羡煞济南山水好”、“有心常做济南人”等颂扬之词；
Yuan haowen wrote down “scenery of Jinan makes god envy”, “has a mind
to be a Jinan person” and so on to praise it after travelled around the Jinan?s scenery .
清朝乾隆年间才子刘凤诰的“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”对大明湖的美景进行了高度概括；
The talented person Liu Fenghao of The Qing Dynasty Qianlong highly summarized the beautiful scene of Daming Lake as “four sides lotus three willow trees, one city mountain color half city lake”
赵孟頫的“云雾润蒸华不住，波涛声震大明湖”写出了趵突泉作为天下第一泉的气势；
The pome of Zhao Mengfu wrote out the vigour of Bao Tu spring as the no 1 spring in the world , it was " cloud and mist make everlasting beautiful scene, acoustic waves shock Daming lake" .
清代文学家刘鹗的“家家泉水，户户垂杨”道出了济南特有的景色，在他的《老残游记》一书中对济南的景物给予了细致的描写，而且很多篇章收入中学语文课本，使济南的美景随课本走向全国；
Qing Dynasty writer Liu E …s“each family has water seepage, every household has weeping poplar” has pointed Jinan?s unique scenery, his book
"Travels of Laotsan" gave a careful description to Jinan's scenery, of which many chapters has been adopted in the middle school language textbook, that promote Jinan's beautiful scene to the whole nation along with the textbook;
著名文人老舍先生的《济南的冬天》、《趵突泉的欣赏》等更是把游人带入了一个如诗如画、如梦如幻的境界……
Renowned writer Mr. Lao She?s "Jinan's Winter", " Appreciation to Baotu Spring " etc has led the tourists to a bourn like poem and picture, like dream and fantasy ...
●济南名士personage of jinan
山东有句话说“泰安州神全，济南府人全”，此话一点不假。济南自古人杰地灵，历代名人辈出。原籍济南的有扁鹊、伏生、终军、秦琼、义净、李格非、李清照、辛弃疾、张养浩、李开先、李攀龙等；客居或在济南为官的有曹操、李邕、李白、杜甫、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩、元好问、赵孟頫、铁铉、何绍基、刘鹗、王尽美、邓恩铭等。
Shandong has a words saying that “State Taian has many gods, Prefecture Jinan has many personages”, this is not false. Jinan?s person is outstanding , jinan?s earth has nimbus, there are many personages in every dynasty. Some of those ancestral home is Jinan ,they are Bian Que, Fu Sheng, Zhong jun, Qin Qiong, Yi jing , Li Gefei, Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, Zhang Yanghao, Li Kaixian, Li Panlong and so on; some resided as a visitor or held office in jinan ,they are Cao Cao, Li Yong, Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Zeng Gong, Yuan Haowen Zhao Mengfu, Tie Xuan, He Shaoji, Liu E, Wang Jinmei, Deng Enming and so on.
●快速发展的济南市
Jinan in fast development
今天的济南，发展迅速。工业门类齐全，经济实力强大。其中轻骑、锻压、啤酒、化纤、小鸭、服装等七大集团，进入全省重点发展的行列。轻骑、炼油、济钢等企业，进入全国企业五百强行列。轻骑摩托车、小鸭全自动洗衣机等产品在国内外市场上有较强的知名度和市场占有率。
Today development of Jinan is rapid. The industry covers extensive fields, the economic potentiality is formidable. And the light cavalry, the forging and stamping, the beer, the chemical fiber, the young duck, the clothing and others ,seven big groups enter the prioritize development ranks of entire province. Light cavalry, oil refinery, Jinan Steel Works have enterted the ranks of 500 strong enterprises in the national. Products such as motorcycle of light cavalry, completely automatic washer
of young duck have a strong fame popularity and market share in the domestic and foreign markets.
由于全面实施了外向带动战略，济南市全方位、多层次、宽领域对外开放的格局基本形成。济南市已同美国的萨克拉门托市、英国的考文垂市、日本的和歌山市、山口市、加拿大的里贾纳市、韩国的水原市、巴布亚新几内亚的首都地区和俄罗斯的夏洛夫格洛德市、芬兰万达市、法国雷恩市、澳大利亚郡德勒普市11个国家12个城市建立了友好城市关系，同世界上140多个国家和地区建立了经济往来。
Because implements the strategy of extroversion lead comprehensively, Jinan?s omni-directional, multi-level and wide-ranging develoment pattern of
open-door to the outside world is basically formed. Jinan has already established friendship city relations with 11 countries 12 cities,such as US's Sacramento city, Britain's coventry city, Japan's Wakayama city, the mountain pass city, Canada's Lijiana, South Korea's Suwon, Papua New Guinea's metropolitan area and Russia's summerLovestandard city, Finland?s WanDa city, French?s Wren, Australian ?s JunDeleurPu city, besides that ,jinan has established economical intercourse with more than 140 countries and areas in the world.
济南又是山东省的科学技术中心和教育文化中心，这里集中了山东科学院、山东社会科学院等一大批省属科研机构及30多家市属科研院所，科技人员集中。济南市还集中了山东大学、山东师范大学、济南大学、济南职业学院等20多所部、省及市属高等院校。
Jinan is also Shandong Province's center of science and technology and education culture where concentrates the Shandong academy of science, the Shandong Academy of social science and the other large quantities of provincial scientific research institution , more than 30 civic scientific research institute and many scientists and engineers . At the same Jinan has concentrated such as Shandong University, Shandong Normal university, jinan University, Jinan Training college and others ,more than 20 ministerial, provincial and civic subordinate colleges and universities.
济南市的城市建设突飞猛进，交通条件进一步改善。济南火车站和济南东客站，已于“八五”期间建成投入使用。城区道路交通建设发展迅速。新建、改建、扩建了一批交通主干线和高架桥。如：泉城路、经十路、经十东路、舜耕路、顺河高架及北延工程、燕山立交桥和八一立交桥。城市绿化成绩显著，市区绿化覆盖率超过30%，人居环境显著改善。
Jinan's urban construction progresses by leaps and bounds, traffic condition has further improvement. Jinan passenger station and Jinan east train station had already completed and been available in “85”period. The city road traffic construction development is rapid. Newly built, reconstruct, expand a batch of main transportation skeleton lines and viaducts. For example: Quancheng road, Jingshi road, East Jingshi road, Shun Geng road, Shun He viaduct and north extend project, Yanshan multi-level crossing bridge and Ba Yi multi-level crossing bridges. Jinan?s urban afforestation result is remarkable, the urban district afforestation coverage fraction surpasses 30%, environment of for people to live has obviously improvement.
●济南道路的命名
the naming of the road
我们现在行走的路名叫经十路，细心的贵宾们可能已经发现了，济南的道路命名非常有特色，是以经纬线来命名的。东西向的马路称为经路,南北向的马路称为纬路。大家只要记住济南的经路纬路与地理上的经线纬线方向正好相反就可以了。
The road we are walking on is called Jing Shi Road. Attentive guests may have found that the name of the roads is very unique. It is because the roads
are named for the latitude and longitude lines. East-west roads are called by Jing Roads, and north-south roads are known as Wei Roads. We only remember the name of the roads is the opposite with the latitude and longitude lines.
其实，济南的道路命名基本上分为两大区域。一是老城区街道。从西门至东门青龙桥为泉城路，从南门至大明湖北门，这一区域为济南老城区，古代的政府衙门多位于此，名称好多与官府有联系，如省府前街、按察司街等。另外，泉水集中的地区，街道名称好多与泉水有关，如芙蓉街以芙蓉泉而得名，趵突泉路因趵突泉而得名，黑虎泉路因黑虎泉而得名。二是经纬路，东西为经，南北为纬。经路从经一路由北至南依次排至经十一路，纬路从东至西，由纬一路排至纬十二路，这样，外地游客来济南不容易迷路。但是，济南的经纬与地球上的经纬方向是相反的。这种道路命名方式有多种版本。我们和游客讲解时都说跟韩复榘有关系。民国时期韩复榘曾任山东省政府主席，据说济南经纬道路是他命名的。话说有一天，韩复榘坐在办公室，一士兵进来报告说要给济南道路命名，问怎么办。韩复榘桌上正好有一个地球仪，他看了看地球仪，拍了拍自己的光脑门说，就用经纬线来起名吧，东西为经路，南北为纬路，就这样一直延续了下来。大家都知道，韩复榘是一个大粗人，一介武夫，没有文化，所以闹出了很多笑话。象广泛流传的韩复榘观看山东大学学生篮球赛，看到很多学生在抢一个篮球，就发出了回头一人给买一个的命令等等。
In fact, the naming of the roads in Jinan is basically divided into
two areas. One is the old city streets. From west gate to the east gate of Qing Long Bridge is called Quan Cheng Road .Besides from the south gate to the north gate of Da Ming Lake is the old city area of Jinan. And the ancient government was mostly in this place. So the name of the roads had a relationship with the ancient official .Such as the Provincial Street, Justice Street and so on. In addition, in the concentrated areas of spring, a lot of street names are related with spring. Such as the Fu Rung Street named after the Fu Rung Street, Bao Tuquan Road named because of Baotu spring, and Hei Huquan Road named for Heihu spring.The second is Jing Wei Road. East-West direction is Jing Road and North-south direction is Wei Road. Jing Roads include from one to eleven roads as the warp and weft north and the south. The road from north to south through all the way followed by the row to the road by November, Wei Lu from east to west, to the latitude from the second row of Wei Yi Road, so that tourists is not easy to get lost in Jinan. However, the name of the roads is the opposite with the latitude and longitude lines. And there are several versions. We often say the name of road have a relationship with a man named Han Fuju .Han Fuju was the Republican Chairman of Shandong Province .It is said that the road is named after him.One day Han stayed in his office. Then a soldier came to ask him how to name the roads of Jinan. At this time Han saw the globe on the desk, so he decided to name the roads byWarp and Weft .We all know Han is a chuff. Especially one time he saw many students were competing for one basketball .Then he gave an order that one man should have a basketball.
经十路路面非常宽阔，这是为配合2004年亚洲杯足球赛于前年刚刚扩建的。当时拆除了马路两边很多老房屋，把道路扩建到现在的双向8车道。而且这条路建筑质量很高，2005年荣获了全国建筑行业最高奖——鲁班奖。
As we have seen Jing Shi Road is very wide. It was expanded two years
ago which was part of the Asian Cup in 2004.At that time the departments took measures to remove a lot of old houses on the both sides of the road. So now the road is extension to 8 lanes and two-way. It was noteworthy that virtue of the high quality Jing Shi Road won the highest award of the construction industry in 2005.
高中三年级学情诊断考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Educator of the Year Contest Do you know an outstanding junior high or high school teacher, coach, guidance advisor, librarian, or headmaster? Nominate （提名）that special person you'll always remember and give him/her the chance to be recognized in Teenink ! Guidelines ■ The national magazine will only consider essays written by teens, and nominations must be for junior high or high school educators only. Primary school educators are not included. ■ Convince us your nominee is special. Tell us about his or her style of teaching, involvement in school activities, and community service. What has your educator done for the entire school, your class, for you or another student? Give examples with specific details. Keep your essay between 200 and 1,000 words. ■ Incl ude the first and last, name, position, and school of your educator. ■ Submit entries through our website. See our submission guidelines for more information. Prizes Cash awards will be given to educators from across the country honored as TeenInk Educators o￡ the Year. Winning essays are published in Teenink magazine. Deadlines
China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. 中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎。因为中国地方菜肴各具特色，总体来讲，中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系，这种分类已被广为接受。当然，还有其他很多著名的地方菜系，例如北京菜和上海菜。 Shandong Cuisine 山东菜系 Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste. 山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。因为使用青葱和大蒜做为调料，山东菜系通常很辣。山东菜系注重汤品。清汤清澈新鲜，而油汤外观厚重，味道浓重。济南菜系擅长炸，烤，煎，炒，而胶东菜系则以其烹饪海鲜的鲜淡而闻名。 Shandong is the birthplace of many famous ancient scholars such as Confucious and Mencius. And much of Shandong cuisine's history is as old as Confucious himself, making it the oldest existing major cuisine in China. But don't expect to gain more wisdom from a fortune cookie at a Shandong restaurant in the West since fortune cookies aren't even indigenous to China. 山东是许多著名学者的故乡，例如孔夫子和孟子。许多山东菜的历史和孔夫子一样悠久，使得山东菜系成为中国现存的最古老的主要菜系之一。但是不要期望在西方国家的山东菜馆里从签饼(中国餐馆的折叠形小饼,内藏有预测运气话语的纸条)获得更多的好运气，因为签饼在中国也不是本土的。 Shandong is a large peninsula surrounded by the sea to the East and the Y ellow River meandering through the center. As a result, seafood is a major component of Shandong cuisine. Shandong's most famous dish is the Sweat and Sour Carp. A truly authentic Sweet and Sour Carp must come from the Y ellow River. But with the current amount of pollution in the Y ellow River, you would be better off if the carp was from elsewhere. Shandong dishes are mainly quick-fried, roasted, stir-fried or deep-fried. The dishes are mainly clear, fresh and fatty, perfect with Shandong's own famous beer, Qingdao Beer
山东大学简介 山东大学是中国近代高等教育的起源性大学，创建于1901年，现为中国教育部直属的综合性大学和国家“985工程”重点建设的高水平大学之一。 山东大学总占地面积8000余亩，形成了一校三地（济南、青岛、威海）八个校园（济南中心校区、洪家楼校区、趵突泉校区、千佛山校区、软件园校区、兴隆山校区及青岛校区、威海校区）的办学格局。现有各类全日制学生6万人，其中，本科生4万余人，研究生16000余人，国际学生约2000人。教职工7782人。 山东大学是中国目前学科门类最齐全的大学之一，在综合性大学中具有代表性。本科生和研究生层次教育涉及哲学、经济学、法学、教育学、文学、历史学、理学、工学、农学、医学、管理学、艺术学等12大学科门类。拥有一级学科博士学位授权点40个，一级学科硕士学位授权点55个，专业学位博士点3个，专业学位硕士点27个，本科专业118个，博士后科研流动站38个。设有38个学院，并有4所附属医院。 山东大学高度重视国际合作，与世界上50多个国家的100多所大学建立了校际交流关系，并在“世界名校合作计划”中与耶鲁大学、芝加哥大学、多伦多大学、巴黎高师等10余所世界一流大学建立了校际姊妹关系。为推动中外文化融合和文明对话，2005年以来，山东大学在美国、法国、荷兰、澳大利亚、新加坡、韩国、蒙古建立了8所孔子学院。 济南 济南市是中国东部沿海经济大省山东省的省会，有2600年的建城史，是中国政府公布的“历史文化名城”之一，现有人口600余万。济南素有“泉城”美誉，全城遍布大小700余处天然泉涌，其中趵突泉被誉为“天下第一泉”。 曲阜 曲阜市位于山东省西南部，距济南约170公里，是中国古代伟大的思想家、教育家孔子的故乡。1982年列为首批中国历史文化名城之一。 三孔 孔庙、孔府、孔林合称“三孔”，是中国著名的“世界文化遗产”。 孔庙是祭祀孔子，表彰儒学的庙宇，始建于公元前478年，完成于明清时期。现占地
济南英语导游词 Welcome to the beautiful city Jinan which is the capital of ShanDong Province. Now we are in the BaoTu spring park in the center of JiNan .Built in 1956, the BaoTu spring park is named after the BaoTu spring. Covering a total area of 54945 square Meters including 12221 square meters, the park is a traditional Chinese garden characterized by spring. The park has three gates, of which the EastGate is the main gate. On the doorhead is inscribed three Chinese characters 趵突泉written by Mr GuoMoruo. The park features sightseeing, fish watching,tea sampling,stones and culture,especially noted for its exquisiteness, cleanliness peacefulness, simplicity and elegance.The park is divided into ten major viewing areas, such as the BaoTu spring, the Three Halls, the Shangzhi Hall, the Jade Rinsing and the BaoTu Garden. Now let’s go into the park. Enter the main gate and we will find a rockery in front of us, which was set up in 1964 with stones which are known as North Taihu stone because of their similarity in quality and color to Taihu Lake Stone produced in WuXi, JiangSu Province,.30 meters from north to south and 13 meters from west to east. The Rockery has a 4 meters high side peak. There is a cave under the Rockery with an area
inan is endowed with abundant tourist resources. She possesses a special geographical feature, which is a mixture of mountains, springs, lakes, and rivers. She has gained the good name "Spring City," because the bubbling waters of 72 famous springs enhance the city's atmosphere. Daming Lake, where all springs flow together; Mount Qianfo, sacred to Buddhists; Lingyan Temple, famous throughout the country; Simen Pagoda, the earliest unlined stone tower in China; the Wall of the Qi Dynasty, even older than the Great Wall itself; the relics of Longshan culture, one of the three ancient cultures of China; the Han Dynasty King Mausoleum at Luozhuang, evaluated as the most important of China’s Ten New Archeological Discoveries in the year 2000; as well as Red Leaves Alley, Wufeng Mountain, Liantai Mountain, the scenic spot of Wolong Islet, and so on, are all characteristic of the great natural beauty and enduring civilization found in the vicinity of Jinan, which therefore attracts a great number of tourists every year. In 2001, Jinan welcomed almost 8.5 million international tourists, an increase of 13.9 per cent over the previous year. The total revenue derived from tourism was 6.13 billion yuan, an increase of 22.2 per cent 分别介绍 Daming Lake The name of Daming Lake was first recorded in the Annotated Book of Waters written by Li Daoyuan, a writer in the Northern Wei Dynasty. The park takes an area of 86 ha., with the lake covering 46.5 ha. Inside the park, willows queue around the lake with lotus overlapping on the lake. For its beauty, Daming Lake has been the converging place for celebrities throughout history. In 13 century, the Italian traveler, Mark Polo marveled here as "what a beautiful landscape of lake and rocks." In the center of the lake perches the Lixia Pavilion, upon which hangs the horizontal name scroll written by an ancient emperor and the vertical scroll, "Old is the pavilion in central China and many are celebrities in Jinan", written by Du Fu. With some other scenic spots dotted inside, such as "Rest Garden", "Jiaxuan Temple" and "Beiji Temple", the Lake has become very popular among tourists from home and abroad Botu apring Centering around springs, Baotu Spring Park is a natural rock and spring garden unique in ethnic style. Baotu Spring, the best one among the famous 72 springs in Jinan, is hailed as "the first spring under the heaven", the spring water spurts out in three prongs, with water droplets falling around, just like three piles of snow, which is very spectacular. The spring water is very sweet, optimum for making tea, which is limpid in color, rich in aroma, good in taste. Sitting under the "Watching Crane Pavilion" in the east side of the spring with a cup of tea in hand, one's mind will fly faraway and hates to leave.
济南概况 The Overview of JiNan 尊敬的各位来宾： 下边，把济南的情况给大家做一个简单的介绍。 My distinguished guests : Now I ‘d like to give you a simple introduction of JiNan. ●济南面积和人口等 the acreage and population of jinan 山东按行政区域划分为17个地市。济南市是山东省的省会城市，是全省的政治、经济、文化、科研、教育、交通等中心。它位于山东省中西部，南边是泰山、北边靠黄河，总面积8177平方公里，辖6区3县1市。济南有常住人口600万，其中城区人口243万。济南的市树为垂柳，市花为荷花。 Shandong province is divided into 17 cities according to the administration region. Jinan as the the provincial capital city of Shandong province is the centre of whole province in politics, economies, culture, research, education and communication,and so on. It is located in the midwest of Shandong province, its south is Mount Taishan and its north depend to the yellow river. Jinan’s total area is 8177 square kilometers, governing 6 zones ,3 counties and one city. It has a permanent population of 6,000,000, among which 2,430,000 is urban population. weeping willow is Jinan’s city tree and the water lily is its city flower. ●济南气候 the weather of jinan 济南地处中纬度地带，气候温和，四季分明。全年降水的60%集中在夏季。济南是一座气候宜人的城市，历代文人多有诗词文章歌颂。大家耳熟能详的有当代著名文人老舍的作品《济南的冬天》。其实他还写了《济南的春天》和《济南的秋天》，都对济南这座城市的气候和天气赞不绝口。 Located in the middle-latitude zone,jinan’s weather is moderate, seasons are clear here. 60% precipitation of the whole year is concentrated in summer. Jinan is such a city with pleasant weather that many literaties have the poem or article to to praise it in defferent ages. Contemporary famous writer,Lao She’s
趵突泉英文导游词 【篇一：趵突泉中英文对照导游词】 welcome to the beautiful city jinan which is the capital of shandong province. now we are in the baotu spring park in the center of jinan . in order to give you a general impression, let me make a brief introduction of the park. the park is located in the downtown area of the city, with mt. thousand buddha to the south, quancheng square to the east, and daming lake to the north. there are altogether 34 springs in the park. of course the main and most beautiful one is the baotuquan spring, which you will be watching in a moment. the park has two main gates, the east gate and the south gate. today we’ll enter from the south gate. ok, this way please. ladies and gentlemen, here we are in front of the south gate. the south gate of the park is at the middle of luoyuan avenue. it was built in 1995. with its unique outline integrating both traditional and local traits, it is claimed to be the number one gate of chinese gardens. isn’t it splendid! shall we go in. just in front of us is the most famous spring, baotuquan. it was called luoshui in ancient time and got its present name form the song dynasty. it has a long history and has been the source of the luo river. the three major springs gush simultaneously from underground with thundering sound, which are described as fountains constantly pumping water. the pool of the water is 30 meters long and 20 meters wide. the spring water keeps its temperature around 18 degrees centigrade all year round. with clear deep water in the spring pool on one side visitors feel as if they were in a fairyland on earth. many writers, philosophers and poets left poems and verses in praise of the wonderful scene. look, that pavilion on the west side of the pool is called the billow observation pavilion. it was built in the fifth year of tianshun emperor of the qing dynasty (1461). there are stone tables and benches in it so that visitors can enjoy the scene while relaxing. embedded on the west wall of the pavilion is the writing of billow observation by a calligrapher of the qing dynasty. the stone inscription of no.1 spring was written by wang zhonglin, a famous calligrapher of the qing dynasty.
关于济南的英语作文 济南因境内泉水众多，被称为“泉城”，素有“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色 半城湖”的美誉。 关于济南的英语作文 1 Jinan, the 'City of Springs' is popular among tourists for its many springs. Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, is located in the mid west of Shandong. What kind of city is Jinan? We can see from its various unique characteristics. Jinan is a historical city with a history of some 200X years and is famed for its numerous relics. It is the cradle of the Longshan Relics Culture, the reputed prehistoric culture of China and is found in Longshan Town of Jinan, hence the name. In the area of Jinan, you will find far more than you would expect, the ancient Great Wall of the Qi State (a state of the Zhou Dynasty (770B.C. – 221B.C.)), the colored sculptures of the Song Dynasty (960-1279) in the Lingyan Temple and so on. Jinan is the home of Lu Cai (Shandong cuisine), a popular cuisine of China. The unique tourist souvenirs available in Jinan include Ejiao, Black Pottery, Lu Embroidery and Wooden-Fish wares. Jinan is the right place to see some very typical festivals including The Lantern Festival in the Baotu Spring Park, the Lotus Festival in the Daming Lake Park and the Double-Nine Festival on the Thousand-Buddha Mountain. Jinan is a hospitable city and receives tourists from all over the world. Marco Polo once visited Jinan and left words of praise to this city. The Baotu Spring, Daming Lake and the Thousand Buddha Mountain decorate Jinan as a Garden City. Compared with those capital cities, or other large and medium-size cities in China, Jinan has few advantages and lacks a metropolitan atmosphere, the highlight being its numerous springs. Some people say
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话题一：写人记事 例文：初中阶段你印象最深的又是哪位老师？请用英语写一篇题为“The Teacher I Never Forget”的作文。内容包括：1.简要介绍老师的性格或特长；2.列举一个事例，说明老师是如何在学习上帮助或鼓励你取得进步的；3.感谢老师，祝愿老师。 The Teacher I Never Forget How time flies! Three years has passed since I became a middle school student. I had very good memories of my classmates and teachers. The teacher I never forget is Mr. Zhang, an English teacher. He is very kind and friendly. He helped us not only in class but also after class. About two years ago, Mr. Zhang noticed that I was worried about my poor pronunciation. So he offered me many suggestions to improve it, and he also gave me every chance possible to speak in class. With his help, my pronunciation has greatly improved. I must say many thanks to Mr. Zhang. I wish him a healthy and happy life in the future! 例文：假如你是某中学的一名学生。6月3日，是星期五，在放学回家的公交车上，你所经历的一件事情让你印象深刻。请根据以下要点用英语写一篇日记。 要点：1. 一位老爷爷和十来岁的孙子上了车，老人拿着书包和小提琴；2. 你给老人让座，老人的孙子却坐了下来，老人只得站在旁边；3. 孩子大声喊着向老人要水喝，并将空水瓶扔到车上；4. 你认为孩子应该尊敬、照顾老人，保持环境卫生。 On my way home on the bus, I saw an old man get on with his grandson of about ten. He was carrying the boy’s schoolbag and a violin. I gave my seat to the old man at once. However, the boy sat down first. The old man had to stand nearby. After a while, the boy shouted to his grandpa for water and then dropped the empty bottle on the bus. When I saw this, I got very angry. I think the boy should not only respect and take care of the old man but also keep the environment clean. 话题二：环保污染 例文：节约资源, 保护环境. 从我们身边的小事做起，假设你是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生, 请以“My Low-carbon Life”为题，写一篇短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。提示: (1)每天步行上学; (2)离丌教室时，关灯、电扇、电视等；（3)不用水时, 记住关水龙头，循环使用水；（4)充分使用纸张；（5)不使用塑料袋。 My Low-carbon Life It’s our duty to protect the environment. The environment is becoming worse and worse, so we must do something to prevent people from polluting the environment. First, we should go to school on foot and tell our parents to walk to work instead of driving the car. Second, we should save water and electricity by turning off the
高三年级学习质量评估 英语试题 本试卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项: 1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。 2.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第I卷 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意:回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man ask the woman to do? A. To park elsewhere. B. To drive along the street. C. To stay for a short while. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
How much will the woman pay for the chemistry book? A. $200. B. $100. C. $50. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】 Why is the man watching the movie? A. To teach some Italian. B. To improve his Spanish. C. To prepare for an exam. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On the train. B. On the bus. C. On the plane. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】 What will the woman probably do? A. Play football after schoo1. B. Register at a swim club. C. Go to a gym class. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C
About Jinan, China Jinan located in the Mideast of China, its south is Tai Mountain and its north depends to the Yellow River. As the capital of Shandong province, Jinan is the centre of whole province in politics, economies, culture, research, education and communication. Jinan’s total area is 8177 square kilometers, and it has a permanent population of 7,000,000. Located in the middle-latitude zone, J inan’s weather is m oderate, seasons are clear here. 60% precipitation of the whole year is concentrated in summer. The weather of Jinan in October is the most comfortable throughout the year with the average temperature of 21.9℃. Jinan provides a link of communication between east and north part of china, it is one of the important transportation hub connecting the East, North, as well as central and western regions of China. Jinan possesses geographical location, convenient transportation, and complete infrastructural facilities, which is the highway network centre of Shandong province and freeway hub of China. Various kinds of public transportation medias can be selected to come to Jinan, such as airplane, train, and coach. Jinan is a famous ancient city with a long history located in the downstream Yellow River, and it is named of “hero capital city of QiLu” as well as “famous city right to the sea” historically. Jinan is also a place where famous litterateurs gather together, it has formed Quancheng culture taking the