英语四六级段落信息匹配题
一、英语四六级段落信息匹配题是什么？
原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。四级考试需要各位同学做的是，大家需要去看十个左右的段落，然后去匹配十个信息点。但是到六级当中，我们的难度就要增加了，我们见到的情况是六级当中变成了15个段落，去匹配十个信息点。但总体来看，不管题型怎么变，其实学习方法没变，还是仍旧需要大家提高阅读的能力，比如说读文章的时候，是不是直接拿英语读，如果读快速阅读的时候，还是拿中文边翻译边读的话，会发现阅读速度一直会比较慢，所以那么长的文章很难找到细节，所以大家一定要养成拿英语直接阅读的这样一种习惯，这样才能保证我们的阅读真正速度又快又准。
二、样题：
Universities Branch Out
A) As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
B) In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
C) Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
D) Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
E) Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on th e genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists
from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
F) As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
G) For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
H) American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.
I) Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。
46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.
47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.
48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.
49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.
50. Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries.
51. The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.
52. The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.
53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application.
54. Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.
55. When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries.
三、匹配题做题技巧1
（一）信息段落匹配题
信息段落匹配题也可称为信息包含题,即which paragraph contains the following information?
这个题在很多考生眼里是难题中的难题，往往会选择性放弃。其实通过练习这种题型，对外文阅读有很大的帮助。
（二）两套方案
1.低目标学生实事就是
如果阅读考试目标为6分的同学，这种题型可以放到最后做。一是通过做其它题目，可以推断出一两个答案所在段落；二是客观题，可以通过一些技巧性的推测，争取拿分。譬如，关于overview的信息往往在首段，句子包含aim, suggestion. future 等信息则较大概率在文章后半段。
2.高目标的学生正面攻破
既然是难题，那攻克这种题型对于想考高分的同学（尤其是想得到7分以上）意义会更大。
如果遇到文章偏科普，中心句不明显，建议考生还是放到最后再做。但大部分此类题型的文章还是逻辑清晰，可以正面攻破。
（三）解决步骤：
1. 扭转做题思维
正面攻破先要扭转做题思维，不是找到句子答案所在，而是判断这句话在哪一段会出现。做过大量判断题和匹配题的练习之后，我们往往形成定向思维，认为文中一定有固定答案点。然而信息段落匹配题里的信息题干并非完全的同义转换文中句子。所以我们首要明确，考官出这个题是要考察我们什么阅读能力，我认为不是细节阅读能力，而是对文章框架思路的把握能力。
例1 how cinema teaches us about other cultures? 如果找到句子包含的信息，即how 的内容，那是相当费时间的，而且答案差不多涵盖整段内容。而其实我们只要知道哪段话讲文化传播就可以，并不需要知道方式即所谓的how。
2．预览题干，明确判断词
所谓判断词，不等同于定位词。判断词是指这句话独一无二的信息点。例1中应着眼于culture，而不要着眼于how .如题the effects of the introduction of electronic delivery. 第一轮预览时不要被effect 所干扰，而要对electronic 留下印象。再如题details of the range of family types involved in an education program 判断题是family types 而先不要在意details.
3．快速掌握文章脉络
既然不找，那怎么样判断呢？那就是通过阅读中心句快速掌握文章脉络。中心句一般出现在首位句，转折词如but 或者因果关系联接词如as a result 引领的第二句，或者问句后面的答句。一般建议在找到中心句后，读一下末句，可以更精确地掌控段意。若无特别明显的中心句，首尾句的阅读也有助于理解段意。阅读过程当中，有的信息点明确可直接先去选出答案。这里我们也要明确要多看外文，掌握外文的行文思路。一般而言剑桥里的文章组织有三大类。一是按时间，如货物运输，这是最简单的。二是按观点—原因—发展—瓶颈—措施—目标的布局来分析一件事物。三是偏科普的夹杂很多不同派别的理论，这个相对而言比较难。
4．判断信息所在段落
最后当然是判断信息所在段落，能够迅速找到信息所在句子当然是最好的。但其实这难度较大而且不一定是必须一步。譬如题reason why an education programme failed. 如果带着找到reason 所在句子的思维的话就要把c段的段落看完。其实通过通览全文，只要知道只有c部分才讲到一个失败的计划，而c第二段中心句第二句很明确指明这段将作出失败原因的解释。所以可以通过failed 就可以推断出c段。
5．充分利用信息段落匹配题节省回读时间
有同学会认为把全文中心句看了有必要吗？如果只为了4或5道信息段落匹配题，信价比的确不高。但往往其他题目题干信息答案点都出现在中心句或段落首位句，所以可以节省大量的信息搜索时间，考生可以通过上述的几篇文章得到答案。那有同学会问，与其这样，还不如反过来先做别的题型，这样也是一种方法，但不利于对文章思路整体性的把握。
四、匹配题出题特点及应试技巧
匹配类题型有很多种，常见的种类有：1. 人名-观点匹配；2. 地名-描述匹配；3. 句子-句子匹配；4. 分类题(Classification)；5. 段落-标题匹配；6. 段落-细节匹配。其中前四种做题方法比较类似，而后两种相对较复杂。这里将阐述前四种题型的做题方法。
首先，还是让我们来看一下这四种匹配题的出题特点：
I. 所考内容全部为细节
和后两种题型考察主旨不一样，前四种题型主要考察的是考生对于文章细节的把握和理解。因此，这些题型的解题方法主要是先用Scan的方法定位出关键的段落。
II. 出题不一定遵循顺序原则
上述四种匹配题型中，除了句子匹配题肯定按照顺序原则出题之外，其它的题型有些是讲顺
序原则的，有些则不讲。大体上说来，如果一道题目的定位词很明确，很容易在原文中找到信息，那么该题就讲顺序原则；反之亦然。
其次，匹配题的解题步骤和方法：
1. 划出句子中的关键词
很多考生习惯于冲上来首先去找定位词，但是这种方法是不对的。因为在有专有名词的匹配题里，定位词是显而易见的，寻找之前看一下即可；而在句子匹配题中，因为题干是按顺序出题的，所以应当先把选项读完，再看题干。由于人的短期记忆能力是有限的，在短时间内无法记下所有的句子。因此需要寻找选项中的一些在最大程度上概括整个选项的关键词。
2. 找出定位词
既然这些匹配题和判断、填空、选择等题目一样考察的是考生对于细节的理解，那么这就决定了其做题方法：定位—阅读—做题。在读完选项之后，接下来就是寻找定位词。对于人名-观点和地名-描述这两种题目来说，定位词就是人名和地名。
而对于句子匹配题来说，定位词相对比较难找。很多同学倾向于把题干和选择项里面的句子都划出定位词，但是殊不知选择项是一个彻底的同义替换，而且里面肯定会有一些干扰项，因此选择项并不能帮助定位，只有题干里的定位词才会有用。因为句子匹配题讲顺序原则，因此完全可以从最后一题着手，因为人名是这里最保险的定位词。找到最后一题所在段落后，再根据顺序原则逆推。
3.阅读原文，选出答案
这是选出答案的最后一步，也是最重要的一步。要注意，正确选项一定是原文的同义转换，因此必须识别它们之间的转换关系。匹配题选项里的同义转换和选择题选项里的同义转换有很大的相似之处，除了大家比较熟悉的同义词和同义句型转换之外，还有一种同义转换方式需要引起大家的注意，那就是名词性从句和名词短语之间的转换。
4.检查答案
这是针对句子匹配题而言的。很多考生在选完答案后都没有这一步，导致很多低级错误的产生。其实，只要对选出的答案和题干连在一起进行通读，那么很多错误都是可以避免的。五、匹配题做题技巧3
长篇阅读要求考生的阅读速度要快，辨别信息的能力要强，当然，掌握一定的答题技巧也会对考试有所帮助。考生在做题时需要注意以下几个方面：
1、缩小寻找范围。首先要读懂所给的句子，找到句子的关键词，带着这些关键词去浏览全篇文章，找到它们所涉及的相关内容后，再研读细节，最终确定此句是否和该段匹配，这样可以减少阅读量，节省时间。
2、注意字句的形式变化。在长篇阅读中寻找相关信息的难度很大程度上取决于考生对字句形式变化的辨识能力。需要注意三种变化形式：题干只对原文中个别单词或词组进行同义改写或转述；题干对原文中整句话进行同义改写或转述；题干对原文中几句话或整段内容进行综合
概括或推断。这就对考生的单词量、对某一单词多重释义的了解以及对句意的概括或推断能力提出了新要求。
3、在首次阅读的过程中如果不能确定某些单句是否与该段落相匹配，最好做个记号，以便第二次阅读时更有针对性。第二次阅读的目的：一是检查已初步确定的段落与单句是否确实匹配；二是完成第一遍阅读中尚未解答的题目。
4、注意时间的合理使用，不要为确定某个细节问题而浪费大量的时间。
六、2013英语四六级考试改革：长篇阅读解题方法
四六级考试改革后，原来的快速阅读调整为长篇阅读段落信息匹配题题型，关于这一题型的备考，不少同学可能不知道如何下手。在英语教研看来，该题型的解题基本思路是：先快速地将题干读一下，划出关键词;然后采用skimming和scanning的方式通读原文，匹配信息。本文将结合英语四六级改革样卷深入探讨如何判断关键词，为同学们指点迷津。
【如何判断关键词】
什么是关键词呢?关键词是用来帮助我们定位信息的词汇。最理想的情况是：我们依靠所划的关键词迅速定位到信息所在的段落，从而得到答案。这就要求我们所划的关键词是独一无二的，它只出现在原文的某一个段落。那么什么样的词才有这个特点呢?我们结合英语四六级改革样卷来总结一下关键词的类型。
表1—四级样卷长篇阅读
表2—六级样卷长篇阅读
【关键词的类型】
1. 一些拼写较长的词，比如如：internship，competitiveness，globalization，integration，su stainability，innovative，immigration等。这些词属于低频词，一般不会大篇幅地出现。利用这些词可以高效地查找匹配段落。另外，这些词有时会作为生词在文中标注出来，像internship，在原文中用斜体印刷，并以括号备注中文。我们选它做关键词，瞬间就能找到原文出处了。
2. 数字，包括年代、百分比、特殊事件等。如四级样卷中的：mid-1970s,
3.9 percent，20 percent，September 11等。教研君利用这些数字进行定位，测得的准确率是100%哦!
3. 以连字符连接的特殊词汇。如：university-based，one-child。这些词是由两个(或三个)单词连接的新词，一般当成形容词使用。三个单词的例子如：hard-to-grasp难以理解的。这些词也属于低频词，一般不会大篇幅出现。需要注意的是有时候我们需要将这些词拆开来定位，如on e-child在原文中是没有的，原文是这样的“They often compromise by having just one child. ”这里的one child就不是整体作为形容词使用了。
4. 研究、报告、书籍型词汇，如：report，study，books等。一般来说研究、报告等内容都是易考点，这些信息经常出现在特定的段落里，所以根据这些词汇作为关键词也很容易定位。
5. 最高级，如best，worst，most等。如六级第54题，关键词之一为the best solution。然而仅凭此关键词我们可能无法迅速地找到答案，因为原文的表述是the most effective method，用的词汇是完全不一样的。这时，我们还需要增加一个关键词pension，帮助我们定位。这就提醒我们在平常的阅读中应多关注最高级出现的地方，因为它常常是考点。
6. 除了以上所列的承载主要信息的名词，形容词等。如：funding，unsteady , values，emp loyers，older workers，reforms，shortage，war，immigration，rich countries等。这些词的判断需要大家多加练习与体会。
七、信息匹配题做题技巧4
难点分析
段落—信息匹配题之所以让考生闻之色变，主要在于这种题目打破了解答阅读题目的一贯思路，具体体现在如下四个方面。
1. 考生难以按照阅读题一贯遵循的“顺序原则”解题。由于这一题型要求考生把细节信息与
其所在的段落进行匹配，因此细节信息的排列绝对是“乱序的”，这就意味着考生从文章开头到结尾按顺序定位的方法是行不通的。
2. 题干信息复杂，考生难以迅速抓住要领。题干中的细节信息通常是极复杂和繁琐的名词
短语或长难句，考生往往在寻找到合适的定位词之前，就已经被题干信息的复杂表述弄得晕头转向了。
3. 考生难以寻找到合适的定位词。即使考生能够读懂题干中晦涩难懂的细节信息，但也会
在寻找定位词时遇到很大障碍。因为题干提供的细节信息中往往不会出现非常明显的定位词(如数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等)。即使考生能够找到一个定位词，这一定位词也通常和文章主题密切相关，会在文章中多次出现，因而也没有太大的意义。
4. 考生难以按照惯常的排除法来排除选项。一般来说，英语类考试中的搭配题多是一对一
进行搭配的，考生如果能够成功选出一对，那么就可以排除一个选项。但在段落—信息匹配题中，题目中通常还包含这样一条要求：“You may choose a paragraph more than
once. ”这也就是说，题干中所列举的不同的细节信息可能对应的是原文中的同一个段落。这样的话，即使考生已经判断出某一条细节信息对应原文的B段，但在对其他细节信息进行匹配时，也无法排除答案B。而且通常来说，只要题干中出现这条提示，那么往往都会出现两条细节信息对应原文同一段的情况。
从上述的四个特点不难看出，命题人的思路是希望考生能够从头到尾读一遍原文，从宏观和微观两个方面全面把握原文的结构和细节信息，然后再开始解题。
题型新特点
虽然从表面上看，命题人似乎把解答段落—信息匹配题的方法之“门”堵死了，但事实上，他们还是善解人意地为考生打开了一扇解题之“窗”。这一题型固然有着不同于传统阅读解题方法的种种特点，但同时也有一些可以为考生所利用的新特点。下面我们就来分析这些新特点。
1. 题干中的细节往往会反映文章主旨或段落主题，考生可据此了解原文内容。在段落—
信息匹配题中，题干中的信息虽然陈述的都是文章中的细节，但其内容基本都是围绕文章主题或是某一段落的主题进行描述的。通过快速阅读题干中的若干条细节信息，考生可以迅速了解原文的主旨大意，从而能够在回头阅读原文时加快阅读速度，节省定位时间。
2. 题干提供的细节信息中往往暗含一些说明文所必须的逻辑关系，考生可以利用这种关系
预先对一些表述进行排序。
3. 题干提供的信息表述中通常会出现一些具有特殊意义的指示性词汇，这类词汇虽然不是
通常意义上的定位关键词，但其特殊含义可将考生的注意力指向原文的开头、结尾或是某个具有特殊特征的段落。
这些词通常包括如下三类：①能够指示开头段的词汇(如overview、introduction、initiation、main idea、definition等)；②能够指示结尾段的词(如overview、future、solution、conclusion、suggestion、summary等)；③能够帮助考生回原文定位的特殊词汇(如rate、ratio、proportion、percentage等词往往对应含“%”的段落；number、figure、statistical demographics等词往往对应数字集中的段落；financial、income、revenue、salary等词往往对应含诸如“$”“￥”等货币符号的段落)。考生能够通过这些指示性词汇缩小回原文定位的范围，从而快速判定
4. 题干中的细节信息往往会和原文的其他阅读题目联系密切，考生可通过先解答原文的其
他题目来获得解答段落—信息匹配题的线索和提示性信息。
八，匹配题解题技巧5
根据上述的这些特点分析，考生可以采用一些有针对性的解题技巧，以化繁为简、有效解题。
1. 在做段落—信息匹配题时，考生首先要仔细阅读原文的主标题、副标题或者题目给出的
相关图片，迅速掌握文章主题。接下来，考生要快速浏览题干中提供的若干条细节信息，划出关键词(以名词和形容词为主)，进一步了解文章大意以及所要寻找的细节信息。最后，在可能的情况下，考生可以根据说明文常有的逻辑顺序对细节信息进行分类和位置预判。
2. 如果段落—信息匹配题为阅读部分的第一道题目，考生可先做其他题型的题目，然后再
回头做段落—信息题。考生在预览题干提供的细节信息时，要寻找是否有在已经阅读段落范围内的细节信息，先完成这部分题目；然后再根据细节信息表述当中可能出现的指示性用词找到相对应的段落，解答相关的题目。
3. 对于那些答题线索较少的题干细节信息，考上可留在最后解答。在解答这部分题目时，
考生可快速阅读原文中仍未选过的段落的主题句(通常为第一句、第二句或最后一句），之后根据段落大意与题干中的细节信息进行匹配。
英语四、六级段落信息匹配题 一、英语四级段落信息匹配题是什么？ 长篇阅读理解篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。四级考试需要各位同学做的是，大家需要去看十个左右的段落，然后去匹配十个信息点。但是到六级当中，我们的难度就要增加了，我们见到的情况是六级当中变成了15个段落，去匹配十个信息点。但总体来看，不管题型怎么变，其实学习方法没变，还是仍旧需要大家提高阅读的能力，比如说读文章的时候，是不是直接拿英语读，如果读快速阅读的时候，还是拿中文边翻译边读的话，会发现阅读速度一直会比较慢，所以那么长的文章很难找到细节，所以大家一定要养成拿英语直接阅读的这样一种习惯，这样才能保证我们的阅读速度又快又准。 二、信息匹配题难点分析 1. 考生难以按照阅读题一贯遵循的“顺序原则”解题。由于这一题型要求考生把细节信息与其所在的段落进行匹配，因此细节信息的排列绝对是“乱序的”，这就意味着考生从文章开头到结尾按顺序定位的方法是行不通的。
2. 题干信息复杂，考生难以迅速抓住要领。题干中的细节信息通常是极复杂和繁琐的名词短语或长难句，考生往往在寻找到合适的定位词之前，就已经被题干信息的复杂表述弄得晕头转向了。 3. 考生难以寻找到合适的定位词。即使考生能够读懂题干中晦涩难懂的细节信息，但也会在寻找定位词时遇到很大障碍。因为题干提供的细节信息中往往不会出现非常明显的定位词(如数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等)。即使考生能够找到一个定位词，这一定位词也
通常和文章主题密切相关，会在文章中多次出现，因而也没有太大的意义。 三、匹配题出题特点及应试技巧 匹配类题型有很多种，常见的种类有：1）人名-观点匹配；2）.地名-描述匹配；3）句子-句子匹配；4）分类题(Classification)；5）段落-标题匹配；6段落-细节匹配。其中前四种做题方法比较类似，而后两种相对较复杂。这里将阐述前四种题型的做题方法。 1. 扭转做题思维
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案解析（2） Section B Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each smtement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.1ndentify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Creative Book Report Ideas A.Are you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students?If yes.then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs，Xbox，anime and gaming arcades，reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite. Most of the reading that kids do today,comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task.If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read，then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas.While working on creative ideas for book reports，your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class，the essence of the book. B.As a teachel while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells.you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on.Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to，the creative book report ideas will vary.This is so，not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report.While a middle school student wiIl be comfortable handling a handy cam，a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets.So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively?In this article.we will list out for you，a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students. C.A book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports.As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of Paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich，for example，a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise，red to represent tomato and likewise.Ob. viously,each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together,it looks like a sandwich.Now,give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report. It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich.The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it.Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters，the setting of the book，the plot，and then his or her views about the book.Once they are done with their book reports，they can staple the book sandwich together and then，you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display. D.One of the good techniques to retell a story,it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students.The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/ her audience.Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read，there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object，which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it.This idea is spin —off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session. E.This is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which.as the teacher, you will have to divideyour class into groups and give them one book each.The students can then read the book
2019年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练及答案 (8) 段落信息匹配题是四六级改革之后的新题型，很多同学还不是很熟悉，以下是小编为同学们整理的英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习，希望对各位有所协助。 The Art of Friendship A) One evening a few years ago I found myself in an anxiety. Nothing was really wrong my family and I were healthy, my career was busy and successful -- I was just feeling vaguely down and in need of a friend who could raise my spirits, someone who would meet me for coffee and let merant until the clouds lifted. I dialed my best friend, who now lives across the country in California, and got her voicemail. That's when it started to dawn on me -- lonesomeness was at the root of my dreariness. My social life had dwindled to almost nothing, but somehow until that moment I'd been too busy to notice. Now it hit me hard. My old friends, buddies since college or even childhood, know everything about me; when they left, they had taken my context with them. B) Research has shown the long-range negative consequences of social isolation on one's health. But my concerns were more short-term. I needed to feel understood right then in the way that only a girlfriend can understand you. I knew it would be wrong to expect my husband to replace my friends： He couldn't, and even if he could, to whom would I then complain about my husband? So I resolved to acquire
2020英语六级段落匹配题专项练习题(7) Paper--More than Meets the Eye A) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades. B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card. C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based. Paper from Wood D) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small
雅思阅读段落信息匹配题超细致实 例讲解 欲攻克雅思阅读段落信息匹配题是一直困扰着广大Ieltser 的难题，它信息量大，干扰项多，给大家带来了雅思阅读段落信息匹配题超细致实例讲解，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 雅思阅读段落信息匹配题超细致实例讲解没学会算我输 一、雅思阅读段落信息匹配题型特点 首先我们来一睹“段落信息匹配”的“芳容”，拿C5p22举例：Questions 14-19 Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs，A-I. Which paragraph contains the following information?【标志性问法】 Write the correct letter A-I in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet. 14. a biological explanation of the teacher-subjects behaviour
15. the explanation Milgram gave the teacher-subjects for the experiment 16. the identity of the pupils 17. the expected statistical outcome 18. the general aim of sociobiological study 19. the way Milgram persuaded the teacher-subjects to continue 两大特点： 1. 考察全篇，绝对乱序(同段落小标题，都是“全篇乱序题”) 2. 题干为细节信息，本质是结合主旨考察细节(需要跳读主旨+扫读细节) 由此可见，题干中并未出现明显定位词，且人名Milgram是实验执行者，遍布全篇，并非定位词，所以传统的关键词定位法在此无法奏效，相当于“大海捞针”。因此，我们需要采取一种“俯瞰群山”的方法，由总到分，先定段落主旨，再搜题干细节。在此提出“结构预测法”，即首先了解*整体发展顺序，预测题干关键词可能出现的位置，然后跳读主旨，扫读细节，化被动为主动。 二、雅思阅读段落信息匹配题*发展顺序
2019英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(9) Deborah Kenny's "Born to Rise" Tells Story of Harlem Village Academies A) Deborah Kenny, CEO of the Harlem Village Academies, is frustrated with the nation's current education system. Unlike most, though, she decided to do something about it. Part declaration part record, her book Born to Rise writes down her journey toward creating and running her own system of progressive charter schools in Harlem in New York City. What is your educational philosophy? B) We want our students to receive the same high-quality education as students who are privileged to attend the best private schools in the country. Personally, I believe a progressive education is superior as long as it's delivered by really smart, talented teachers who know how to execute well. It's a sophisticated approach that really only works well in the hands of a really sophisticated educator. We're dealing with a little bit of a challenge because students enter this school from the regular public system. And when they enter in fifth grade, they're not yet well-trained in the basics reading, writing, and math--which means that we have to catch them up on basic math skills, on the 'basics of writing. And many of them come in at a kindergarten, first, second-grade level in reading. So we have to accelerate their mastery of the basics, but we reject the idea that if you do that you can't teach that at a high level. We push ourselves constantly to think about how we can make sure that our students will catch up while we teach at the highest possible
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习(3) Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attach ed to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the p aragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corres ponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. TV Linked to Lower Marks A) The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets wer e turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, r etard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Ado-lescent Medicine. B) In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child's bed room can have on third graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relati on to academic achievementon mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said stu dy author Dina L.G. Borzekowski, an as-sistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sc hool of Public Health. C) Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, coll ected data on386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watche d, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and wher e they were. They also collected data on how much time the children spent using the diff erent media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers foun d that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound e ffect on learning. "We found that the household media environment has a very close asso ciation with performance on the different test scores," Borzekowski said. D) "A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is e ight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesn't have a TV in t he bedroom," she noted. These children also scored lower on the reading and language art s tests. However, children who have ac-cess to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who don't have access to a home co mputer, Borzekowski noted.
大学英语四级段落信息匹配题解题技巧 一．题型介绍 2013年12月大学英语四级改革后，题型有局部变化。原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。四级考试需要各位同学做的是，大家需要去看十个左右的段落，然后去匹配十个信息点。但是到六级当中，我们的难度就要增加了，我们见到的情况是六级当中变成了15个段落，去匹配十个信息点。 阅读题里出现的段落信息匹配题占10%的分值。整个阅读部分占总分值的35%，考试时间只有forty minutes，建议大家在段落信息匹配题当中花去的时间千万不要超过15分钟，所以整体上看做阅读时需要注意一个很重要的问题：严控时间。 但总体来看，不管题型怎么变，其实学习方法没变，还是仍旧需要大家提高阅读的能力，比如说读文章的时候，是不是直接拿英语读，如果读快速阅读的时候，还是拿中文边翻译边读的话，会发现阅读速度一直会比较慢，所以那么长的文章很难找到细节，所以大家一定要养成拿英语直接阅读的这样一种习惯，这样才能保证我们的阅读真正速度又快又准。 每一年考四六级的考生中，都会有很多考生因为时间不够、题做不完而折戟沉沙，而几乎全国考生都会在一个阅读这个模块超时大量的时间，而且由于我们的精度得分确实太大，因为20%的精读只有10道题，一道题占2%乘以710分，一道精读题目的分数就达到了14.2分将近15分。分值太大导致各位同同学容易在这个地方花去大量时间，但是你要明白这个部分的时间花的再久也只有20%，你完全没有理由因为20%去损失另外一个10%，而且你还不能确定你这20%是否可以得到一个非常好的成绩，所以提醒大家：掌控时间非常重要，每一个环节限时来做，而现在做题的时候就必须要控制时间。 从样卷看，此次涉及改革题目的特点是： 1、做题时间10~15分钟（整体阅读包括选词填空、匹配和精度，共计40分钟）； 2、四级样卷显示需要将10道题目信息配对到9个段落中； 3、六级样卷显示需要将10道题目信息配对到15个段落中； 4、考试说明提到，某段可能被用到两次，而某段可能完全不被涉及。 5、这类题型的出题形式为：题干给出原文的若干条细节信息，要求考生找出文中分别有这些信息的段落(即题目当中会问道：which paragraph contains the following information?)。难点分析： 1、顺序原则被打破 段落细节信息配对题之所以让无数考生闻之色变，主要在于这种题目打破了解答雅思阅读题目传统的阅读技巧和解题思路。首先，作为匹配题代表，这种题型明显不会遵守其他主流题型的“顺序原则”，考生从文章开头到结尾定位的方法显然行不通; 2、题目均为长句形式 其次，题目当中的表述通常是极其复杂和繁琐的名词短语或者长难句型，在试图寻找合适的定位词之前，考生往往就业已被题干错中复杂的表述搞得云里雾里了; 例如四级样卷第51题： The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process. 3、定位词模糊 即使考生能够排除万难，读懂题目陈述中晦涩难懂的意思，寻找定位词仍然存在很大的障碍，因为这类题目往往不会出现非常明显的可以实践拿来主义的明显定位词(数字、时间、
四六级新题型之段落信息匹配题复习技巧 四六级考试改革后，阅读部分占整张试卷总分值的35%，而我们的考试时间只有40分钟，因此建议大家在段落信息匹配题中花的时间千万不要超过15分钟，所以整体上看做阅读时需要注意一个很重要的问题：严控时间。 每一年考四六级的考生中，都会有很多考生因为时间不够、题做不完而折戟沉沙，而几乎全国考生都会在一个阅读这个模块超时大量的时间，而且由于我们的精度得分确实太大，因为20%的精读只有10道题，一道题占2%乘以710分，一道精读题目的分数就达到了14.2分将近15分。分值太大导致各位同同学容易在这个地方花去大量时间，但是你要明白这个部分的时间花的再久也只有20%，你完全没有理由因为20%去损失另外一个10%，而且你还不能确定你这20%是否可以得到一个非常好的成绩，所以提醒大家：掌控时间非常重要，每一个环节限时来做，而现在做题的时候就必须要控制时间。 对于段落信息匹配题，我们建议广大考生按照以下方法练习： 第一：先题后文 先看题再看文章能够将更多简单的题先做出来，当你发现简单题全部处理完毕之后，剩下的难题可以再重新回到文章当中再去找那些已经被挑剩下的段落。所以不管怎么样一定是先题后文，稍后再文题同步或先文后题。 第二：关键词定位（key words positioning）和同义替换（paraphrasing） 其实阅读只考两件事，一件事情是简单的：看到什么，定位什么，选择什么；而另外一个则是通过定位确定这个位置，然后再进行一个切换之后发现原来这个东西就是另外一个东西。 今年四六级组季会发布的样题中，关于段落信息匹配题是这样表述的：You have to identify the paragraph from which the information is derived“你需要去确认信息是来自于哪一个段落的”。换一个表达方式叫做which paragraph contains the following information（哪一段包含了以下的信息）。接下来我们用样题来分析一下关键词定位（key words positioning）和同义替换（paraphrasing）在段落信息匹配题中如何实践。 1、关键词定位（key words positioning） Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent. 像这道题就属于比较简单的题目。这道题是来自于四级样卷的Q47，当这道题出现的时候，
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习(7) Section B Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attac hed to it．Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs．Identify th e paragraph from which the information is derived．You may choose a paragraph more th an once．Each paragraph is marked with a letter．Answer the questions by marking the c orresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2． Promote Learning and Skills for Young People and Adults A) This goal places the emphasis on the learning needs of young people and adults i n the context of lifelong learning．It calls for fair access to learning programs that are ap propriate，and mentions life skills particularly． B)Education is about giving people the opportunity to develop their potential，their pe rsonality and their strengths．This does not merely mean learning new knowledge，but als o developing abilities to make the most of life．These are called life skills——including t he inner capacities and the practical skills we need． C)Many of the inner capacities——often known as psych0—social skills——cannot be taught as subjects．They are not the same as academic or technical learnin9．They must rather be modeled and promoted as part of learning，and in particular by teachers．These skills have to do with the way we behave—towards other people，towards ourselves，towa rds the challenges and problems of life． They include skills in communicating，in making decisions and solving problems，in negotiating and expressing ourselves，in thinking critically and understanding our feelings． D)More practical life skills are the kinds of manual skills we need for the physical t asks we face．Some would include vocational skills under the heading of life skills——the ability to lay bricks．sew clothes，catch fish or repair a motorbike．These are skills by which people may earn their livelihood and which are often available to young people lea ving school．In fact，very often young people learn psycho-social skills as they learn mor e practical skills．Learning vocational skills can be a strategy for acquiring both practical and psycho-social skills． E)We need to increase our life skills at every stage of life，so learning them may be part of early child—hood education．of primary and secondary education and of adult lear
雅思配对类题型：段落标题配对题解题技巧 段落标题配对题是雅思阅读考试中比较特别的题型，因为大部分的题型都是考查考生对细节的理解，而段落标题配对题考查的是考生对段落主旨的把握能力。而由于雅思的文章篇幅长，题目较多，而时间又非常紧张，因此这种题型对于考生来说无疑是一道难过的坎。在本文中，朗阁海外考试研究中心的雅思阅读专家将针对这种题型，从出题特点、阅读技巧角度来分析 它的解题方法。 一、出题特点 1. 永远位于文章之前 段落标题配对题是唯一的一个位于文章之前的题型，这意味着考官建议考生事先完成这种题型。因为对文章主旨的把握有助于考生更好地寻找文章中的细节。 2. 选项以短语形式出现，数量大于段落数，且为乱序 在List of headings中，选项都是以一个短语的形式出现的，考生需要从中选出最能够概括一个段落大意或者主要内容的短语。出于干扰的需要，选项中一定会有若干干扰选项，需要考生去鉴别。另外选项全部是打乱顺序的，即与文章的顺序不一致。 3. 个别题目中会有示例；选项不可能重复使用 个别文章中，题目中会有一个Example，会提示某一段的答案。由于选项不可能出现一个选项使用两次的情况，因此这个给出的答案即可以排除。 二、解题步骤 1. 浏览文章 朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家建议考生，如果文章有标题、副标题、图片、小标题，则必须在做题之前仔细进行阅读，因为这些内容往往暗示了文章的主题，这对于考生把握全文大意、排除干扰选项会有一定的帮助。 2. 划掉示例中的选项 由于选项不可能被重复使用，因此Example中的选项不可能再次出现，故没有必要浪费
时间去阅读这部分内容。所以直接在这个选项上划叉即可。另外，对于某些记忆力不好的考生来说，也可以把这个选项所对应的段落做上记号，以免误读从而浪费时间。 3. 阅读所有选项，标出关键词 由于选项是乱序，因此如果先读文章再去找选项，就有可能出现每读一个段落，就要通读一遍所有的选项这样的问题，最后发现把所有的选项读了数遍。因此，朗阁RAFLE专家建议考生在阅读文章之前就先把所有选项仔细阅读一遍，并且划出关键词以便记忆。 4. 甄别干扰选项 由于出题需要，考官会放出一些干扰选项，这里列举出两种常见的干扰选项： a. 与主题大相径庭 雅思阅读的选文十分严谨，都是围绕一个范围较小的主题展开，因此不太可能出现与出题出入非常大的段落大意。很多带标题的文章经常会存在此类干扰选项，因此，只要考生在做题前阅读标题，就不难甄别。如果考生发现干扰选项，应在选项上做一个标志，比如把选项圈起来。但是不要划叉，因为在没有阅读原文的情况下，并不能绝对肯定此类答案是错误的。 下面我们以剑桥雅思中的几个例子来看一下这类干扰选项： 例1出处：剑3 Test 1 Passage 1 文章标题：The rocket—from east to west 干扰选项1：The first use of steam 干扰选项2：Developments of fire 通过文章的标题我们不难发现，文章主要描述的对象是rocket（火箭），而这两个干扰选项中的主要内容是steam（蒸汽）和fire（火），这两个主题显然不可能在如此短的文章内出现，因此可以初步判断是干扰选项。 例2出处：剑3 Test 1 Passage 3 文章标题：The scientific method