中考专题四：数词
基数词: 表示人或事物数量多少的词. 序数词: 表示人或事物的顺序的词.
一. 基数词.
1.基数词的读法.
1)1---12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
2)13---19: 词尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十词尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
4)21----99: 在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.
21--- twenty-one 99---ninety-nine
5)101---999 :先说几百, 再加and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.
101---one hundred and one 238----two hundred and thirty-eight
6)1000以上的数:先将数字从右往左数,每三位数用一个逗号隔开, 从右往左第一个逗号表示“千”读thousand 第二个逗号表示“百万”读million 第三个逗号表示“十亿”读billion 18,657,421---eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred and twenty-one.
二. 序数词
基数词变序数词
口诀: 基变序,有规律,词尾要加th .一二三,特殊记,词尾分别tdd(first second third ) 八去t ,九去e,ve要用f替.ty变作tie,再加th莫忘记.
若遇几十几,只变个位就可以.
三. 数词的应用.
1.表编号.
结构:名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词= the +序数词+名词
Lesson One = the first lesson
注：有些编号，一般仅用第一种表达法。
Room 101 101号房间
2.序数词前一般加定冠词the 但序数词前与不定冠词a /an 连用时,表示“又一,再一”
You’ve d one it three times .Why not try ____fourth time ?
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
3.数词前加every ,表示每……/每隔…… .
every ten days =every ninth day 每十天(每隔九天)
注:every +基数词+复数名词= every + (序数词-1) +单数名词
4.基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄
1)表示年代: in the + 年份的复数在几世纪几十年代.
在十九世纪七十年代. _________________________.
2)表年龄: in one’s + 整十的复数表示在某人几十岁时
在他四十岁时: ___________________.
5.hundred / thousand /million /billion
1).若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加of .若没有时,既加s 也要带of ..
Every year _______ visitors come to China .
There are two _______ students in our school .
A.thousand
B.thousands
C.thousands of
D.thousand of
2).若其前有a few 、many、several 修饰时，通常用复数，后接of.
3).若名词前有the修饰时，用单数，后接of
Two ______the students in our school are from the countryside .
A.hundred
B. hundred of
C.hundreds of
D.hundreds
6.几个半的表达法:
基数词+ and + a half +名词复数= 基数词+名词(单数/复数) +and +a half
two and a half hours = two hours and a half
7.时刻表达法:
1)整点: 基数词+ o’clock
2)几点几分:
A).直接读法: 先读小时,后读分钟3:25 ---- three twenty-five
B).间接读法:
a)≤30分钟. 分钟+ past + 小时3：25 ----twenty-five past three
b)＞30分钟. ( 60-分钟)+ to + (小时数+1) 3:55 ----- five to four
c) 30 分钟= half 15分钟=a quarter 45分钟= three quarters
3:30 ---half past three 3:15----a quarter past three 3:45 ----a quarter to four
8.日期表达法:
结构: 1).月日,年(日用序数词,年用基数词)
注:年份的读法: 先读前两位数,再读后两位数. 读日时要加the.
1900---nineteen hundred 1807----eight and seven (eight o seven)
2008---two thousand eight
2007年3月21日.--- March the twenty-first ,two thousand and seven.
2).日月年(the +序数词+of +月, 年)
2007年3月21日---the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.
9.分数词的表达法:
1).结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.
b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数.
3/4--- three fourths (three-fourths)
2).注意:
a).分数词的几种特殊形式.
1/3—one third = a third 1/4—one fourth = a quarter 1/2—one second = a half
3/4—three fourths = three quarters
b).分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.
Two fifths of the milk ______(be ) drunk by Tom .
One third of the students _______(be )girls ..
练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！
选择填空：
(一)
( )1._______ of people in the world are sending information by E-mail ever day.
A. Many million
B. Several million
C. Several millions
D. Many millions
( )2.About _______ of the surface of the earth _______ covered with water.
A. three quarter, is
B. three quarters, has
C. three quarters, is
D. three quarter, are
( )3.It will take _______ time to finish the work.
A. one and a half years’
B. a year and half
C. one and a half year’s
D. a year and hal f’s
( )4．--- How long will your stay here ?、
---For ________ .
A. one and two day’s
B. one and two day
C. a day or two
D. one or two day ( )5．When he moved to Germany in ______ , he was already in _______ .
A. the fifties; his sixties
B. fifties; his sixties
C. the fifties; his sixty
D. fifty;
sixty
( )6．My brother lives in ______ on ______ floor.
A. six Room ;second
B. Room six ;the second
C. Room six; two floor
D. the room six ; the second
( )7．December is _______ month of the year.
A. twelve
B. twelfth
C. the twelfth
D. the twelve
( )8．This took place in the ______ .
A. 1940
B. 1940s
C. 1940es
D. 1940th
( )9．It is only _____ from my home to the train station.
A. ten minutes walk
B. ten-minutes walk
C. ten minutes ‘s walk
D. ten minutes’ walk
( )10．There are ______ in this building , I live on ______.
A. nine floors ,the ninth floor
B. nine floor, the ninth floor
C. nine floor , nine floors
D.ninth floor,the ninth floor
( )11．The water behind the Three Gorges Dams (三峡大坝) should be _____ higher than downstream（下游）。
A. sixty-five meter
B. sixty-fifth meter
C. sixty-five meters
D. sixty-fifth meters
( )12. There are _______ days in a year.
A. three hundred sixty-five
B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. three hundred and sixty –five
D. two hundreds and sixty-five
( )13. ---How many teachers are there in your school?
--- __________. , but I'm not sure.
A. Hundreds
B. Hundred
C. Hundreds of
D. One hundred
( )14. There are _________ doctors and nurses working hard in that hospital.
A. thousand
B. two thousand
C. two thousands
D. two thousands of
( )15. --- What's one fourth and a half, do you know?
--- Yes, it's _________.
A. two sixths
B. three fourths
C. one three
D. three sixth ( )16. Now children, turn to page ________ and look at the _______ picture in Lesson Two.
A. twentieth, one
B. twenty, one
C. twentieth, first
D. twenty, first
( )17. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _______ one.
A. three
B. third
C. forth
D. /
( )18. December is the __________ month in year.
A. twenty
B. twelve
C. twentieth
D. twelfth
( )19. --- What is the date today?
--- It's _________.
A. Thursday
B. June the sixteenth
C. the best day
D. June fifteen ( )20. She knows a lot about China as she has been to China ________.
A. for the forth time
B. four times
C. a fourth time
D. for four times ( )21. _______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympic.
A. Thousand
B. Thousands
C. Thousand of
D. Thousands of
( )22. Both of the rules are broken. I want to buy a ______ one.
A. three
B. third
C. forth
D. /
( )23. --- Which is the smallest number of the four? --- _________.
A. Two- thirds
B. A half
C. A quarter
D. Three-fourths
( )24. Please write down the new words in the text of _______.
A. Lesson Eleven
B. the Lesson Eleven
C. Lesson Eleventh
1-5 CCACA 6-10 BCBD 11-15 CCCDA 16 –20 DBDBB 21-24DBCA （二）
( )1It’s said that ______ of the water around the world ______ polluted.
A.two third; has
B. two thirds; have
C. two third; are
D. two thirds; is
( )2. We planted trees____ last year.
A. hundreds of
B. hundred of
C. five hundreds
D. five hundred of
( )3Tom’s mother looks young, but actually is in her ________.
A.sixties
B.sixtieth
C.sixty years old
( )4._______ of the students in our school ______girls.
A. Two three, are
B. Two thirds, is
C. Two thirds, are
( )5. On February 25, 2013, Li An, a Chinese director, won the best director again. It is his _____time to win an “Oscar”.
A. first
B. three
C. twice
D. second
( )6 “Food Safety” has become one of the hottest topics recently. —Yeah, it receives __________ Internet hits(点击) a day.
A. thousands
B. thousand of
C. thousands of
D. ten thousands
( )7. The winner of the singing competition was a ____ girl called Zhang Mei from China.
A. 19-years-old
B.19-year-old
C. 19-year-olds.
( )8. Can you imagine what life will be like in ______ time?
A. 20 years’
B. 20 year’s
C. 20-years’
D. 20-year
( )9—I got my ______ stamp when I was ______ years old.
A. one, seven
B. one, seventh
C. first, seventh
D. first, seven
( )10It’s’s the __ time for me to volunteer in a hospital. I don’t know anything about it.
A. first
B. second
C. third
D. last
( )11. In this exam, you’re asked to write a composition of about ________.
A. 90-words
B. 90-word
C. 90 words
D. 90 word’s
( )12 ____doctors are against H7N9 in China.
A. Thousands
B. A thousand of
C. Thousand
( )13. — How was your weekend?
—Great! It was my grandmother's _________birthday. We enjoyed _________.
A. ninth, themselves
B. ninetieth , ourselves
C. the ninetieth, ourselves
D. nineteenth, themselves
( )14.Kate is____ girl. She’s very happy at school.
A.a eighteen-year-old
B.an eighteen-year-old
C.an eighteen-years-old
D.a eighteen–years-old
( )15.To finish the task, we’ve tried three times, and after dinner we’ll try ____ time.
A.the fourth
B.a fourth
C.fourth
D.four
( )16—Let’s go to the bookstore at half past nine tomorrow morning．
—It’s too late．Le t’s make it＿＿＿．
A.a quarter to nine B .twenty to ten C.a quarter to ten
( )17—What day is it today? —It’s Monday, and it’s my ____________ birthday. A.fifteen
B.fifteenth
C.the fifteen
D.the fifteenth
( )18—How many teachers are there in your school? —About four __________.
A. thousands of
B.thousand
C.thousands
( )19—Where is Class ___________? —It’s on the _________ floor.
A.Six; third
B.Sixth; third
C.Six; three
D.Sixth; three
( )20—Excuse me, sir. Here’s a p ackage for Lin Tao. Which room does he live in?
—____________.
A.308 Room
B.Room 308
C.The Room 308
D.The 308 Room
( )21—What should we do now? —Please turn to Page _______ and look at the_________ picture.
A.Twelve; fifth
B.Twelfth; fifth
C.Twelve; five
D.Twelfth; five
( )22—Have you finished your today’s work? —No, I need _____________.
A.two another hours
B.another two hours
C.more two hours
D.two other hours