The University of Cambridge(informally Cambridge University, or simply Cambridge) is the second oldest university in England and the seventh oldest in the world. In post-nominals the university's name is abbreviated as Cantab, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis(an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge).
The university grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed, early records suggest, in 1209 by scholars leaving Oxford after a dispute with townsfolk.[5] The two "ancient universities" have many common features and are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of British society, the two universities have a long history of rivalry with each other.
Academically, Cambridge often ranks as one of the world's topmost universities,[6] the leading university in Europe,[7] and contends with Oxford for first place in UK league tables.[8][9][10] The University's affiliates include 87 Nobel Laureates - the second highest for an institution according to many calculations.[11]The University is a member of the Russell Group of research-led British universities, the Coimbra Group, the League of European Research Universities and the International Alliance of Research Universities.
History
Cambridge’s status was enhanced by a charter in 1231 from King Henry III of England which awarded the ius non trahi extra (a right to discipline its own members) plus some exemption from taxes, and a bull in 1233 from Pope Gregory IX that gave graduates from Cambridge the right to teach everywhere in Christendom.
After Cambridge was described as a studium generale in a letter by Pope Nicholas IV in 1290, and confirmed as such in a bull by Pope John XXII in 1318, it became common for researchers from other European medieval universities to come and visit Cambridge to study or to give lecture courses.
Foundation of the colleges
Cambridge’s colleges were originally an incidental feature of the system. No college is as old as the university itself. The colleges were endowed fellowships of scholars. There were also institutions without endowments, called hostels. The hostels were gradually absorbed by the colleges over
the centuries, but they have left some indicators of their time, such as the name of Garret Hostel Lane.
Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely, founded Peterhouse in 1284, Cambridge’s first college. Many colleges were founded during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, but colleges continued to be established throughout the centuries to modern times, although there was a gap of 204 years between the founding of Sidney Sussex in 1596 and Downing in 1800. The most recently established college is Robinson, built in the late 1970s. However, Homerton College only achieved full university college status in March 2010, making it the newest full college (it was previously an "Approved Society" affiliated with the university).
In medieval times, colleges were founded so that their students would pray for the souls of the founders. For that reason they were often associated with chapels or abbeys. A change in the colleges’ focus occurred in 1536 with the Dissolution of the Monasteries. King Henry VIII ordered the university to disband its Faculty of Canon Law and to stop teaching “scholastic philosophy”. In response, colleges changed their curricula away from canon law and towards the classics, the Bible, and mathematics.
As Cambridge moved away from Canon Law so too did it move away from Catholicism. As early as the 1520s, the continental rumblings of Lutheranism and what was to become more broadly known as the Protestant Reformation were making their presence felt in the intellectual discourse of the university. Among the intellectuals involved was the theologically influential Thomas Cranmer, later to become Archbishop of Canterbury. As it became convenient to Henry VIII in the 1530s, the King looked to Cranmer and others (within and without Cambridge) to craft a new religious path that was wholly different from Catholicism yet also different from what Martin Luther had in mind.
Nearly a century later, the university was at the centre of another Christian schism. Many nobles, intellectuals and even common folk saw the ways of the Church of England as being all too similar to the Catholic Church and moreover that it was used by the crown to usurp the rightful powers of the counties. East Anglia was the centre of what became the Puritan movement and at Cambridge, it was particularly strong at Emmanuel, St. Catherine’s Hall, Sidney Sussex and Christ’s College.[12] They produced many “non-conformist” graduates who greatly influenced, by social position or pulpit, the approximately 20,000 Puritans who left for New England and especially the Massachusetts Bay Colony during the Great Migration decade of the 1630s
Teaching
The principal method of teaching at Cambridge colleges is the supervision. These are typically weekly hour-long sessions in which small groups of students – usually between one and three – meet with a member of the university's teaching staff or a doctoral student. Students are normally required to complete an essay or assignment in advance of the supervision, which they will discuss with the supervisor during the session, along with any concerns or difficulties they have had with the material presented in that week's lectures. Lectures at Cambridge are often described as being almost a mere 'bolt-on' to these supervisions. Students receive between one and three supervisions per week, depending upon their subject. This pedagogical system is often cited as being unique to Cambridge and Oxford(where “supervisions” are known as “tutorials”)
The concept of grading students' work quantitatively was developed by a tutor named William Farish at the University of Cambridge in 1792
剑桥国际少儿英语KB2 第一单元文本 Unit 1 Hello again! 1.Listen and point. Stella:Hello again! We’re the Star Family. I’m Stella Star and I’m eight. This is my brother, Simon. He’s s even, and this is my sister, Suzy. She’s four. Simon: This is my grandmother. She’s grandma Star. Grandma: Hello. Simon: This is my grandfather. He’s grandpa Star. Si mon: Grandpa, say hello. Grandpa: Oh! Hello, everybody Mrs Star: And we’re Mr and Mrs Star. Simon: What’s your name? How old are you. 2. Listen, point and repeat. Stella Simon Suzy Mr Star Mrs star Grandma Star Grandpa Star Listen and answer. Trevor: Hello! I’m Trevor. Look at n umber four. Who’s he?
Look at number one. Who’s she? Look at number eight. Who’s he? Look at number three. Who’s she? Look at number six. Who’s she? Look at number two. Who’s he? Look at number nine. Who’s she? Look at number ten. Who’s he? Look at number five. Who’s she? Look at number seven. Who’s he? (Answer: 4 Mr star, 1 Suzy, 8 Monty, 3 Stella, 6 Grand ma Star, 2 Simon, 9 Marie, 10 Maskman, 5 Mrs Star, 7 Grandpa Star) 剑桥国际少儿英语 Unit2Back to school! 1. Listen and point. Stella: Hello, Alex! Hello, Lenny! How are you? Alex and Lenny: Fine,thanks. Merra: Is this your classroom,Simon? Simon: Yes. Merra:Who’s that on the board? Simon:That’s my favourite toy, Maskman. Look at m
Test 1 READING 1 hour PART ONE Questions 1-8 ●Look at the statements below and at the five extracts on the opposite page from an article giving advice to people setting up a business. ●Which extract (A, B, C, D or E) does each statement (1-8) refer to? ●For each statement (1-8), mark one letter (A, B, C, D or E) on your Answer Sheet. ●You will need to use some of these letters more than once. ●There is an example at the begining, (0). 1 2 A company which is expanding today may not always continue to do so. 3The distribution of equity among the founders can affect the smooth runhing of the business. 4Your function in the organisation is different from that of the other managers. 5Your method of running the business will have to be modified as your company develops. 6Your business may evolve into a form that you are not satisfied with. 7Delay offering employees a financial stake in the company. 8 You need to identify your personal strengths and weaknesses. A
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b694193.html,/ 剑桥大学 学校概述 剑桥大学成立于1209年，是世界十大学府之一，73位诺贝尔奖得主出自此校。剑桥大学位于风景秀丽的剑桥镇，著名的康河横贯其间。剑桥大学有35个学院，有三个女子学院，两个专门的研究生院，各学院历史背景不同，实行独特的学院制，风格各异的35所学院经济上自负盈亏；剑桥大学负责生源规划和教学工作，各学院内部录取步骤各异，每个学院在某种程度上就像一个微型大学，有自己的校规校纪。 剑桥的许多地方保留着中世纪以来的风貌，到处可见几百年来不断按原样精心维修的古城建筑，许多校舍的门廊、墙壁上仍然装饰着古朴庄严的塑像和印章，高大的染色玻璃窗像一幅幅瑰丽的画面。剑桥大学有教师(教授、副教授、讲师)1,000余名，另外还有1,000余名访问学者。剑桥大学共有学生16,900名，其中包括6,935名研究生，72%的研究生来自其它大学，研究生中42%是国外留学生，女生占36%。大学校长为女王丈夫菲历普亲王(他同时兼任牛津大学校长)，设一名常务副校长主持日常工作。 课程设置 一般来说，英国的学制要比美国的短。剑桥大学的本科生一般是三到四年。上完三年，就可得到学士学位；上完四年，下来就是硕士(MA)；如果三年拿到学士学位后就参加工作，一年以后也可以在工作岗位上再交论文，直接申请硕士学位。所以严格说来，剑桥大学没有真正的硕士，硕士学位只是一个过渡。副博士是剑桥和牛津的一个稍具特色的学位，因专业不同，一般是两年，授课一年，论文一年，(经济系为一年的课程加论文)。如果课程的考试成绩(一般是四门课)超过65分，就可直接转为博士，再读两年就可获得博士学位。副博士和硕士的区别有三个：其一，副博士的一年或两年时间是可以计算到博士的时间，而从硕士
Join In剑桥小学英语(改编版)入门阶段 Unit 1Hello,hello第1单元嗨,嗨 1.Listen and mime. 1 听,模仿 Stand up Say 'hello' Slap hands Sit down 站起来说"嗨" 拍手坐下来 Good. Let's do itagain.Stand up Say 'hello' Slap hands Sit down 好. 我们来再做一遍.站起来说"嗨"拍手坐下来 2.listen again.Number the pictures. 2 再听一遍给图画编号. 1.Stand up 2.Say "hello" 3.Slap hands 4.Sit down 1 站起来 2 说"嗨" 3 拍手 4 坐下来说 3. A song.Hello,what's yourname? 3 一首歌嗨,你叫什么名字? Hello. Hello.Hello, what's yourname? Hello. Hello. 嗨. 嗨. 嗨, 你叫什么名字? 嗨,嗨. Hello, what's yourname? I'm Toby. I'm Toby. Hello,hello,hello. 嗨, 你叫什么名字? 我叫托比. 我叫托比 . 嗨,嗨,嗨. I'm Toby. I'm Toby. Hello,hello, let's go! 我是托比. 我是托比. 嗨,嗨, 我们一起! Hello. Hello.Hello, what's yourname? I'm Toby.I'm Toby. 嗨.嗨.嗨, 你叫什么名字? 我叫托比.我叫托比. Hello,hello,hello. I'm Toby.I'm Toby. Hello,hello,let's go! 嗨,嗨,嗨.我是托比. 我是托比. 嗨,嗨,我们一起! 4 Listen and stick 4 听和指 What's your name? I'm Bob. 你叫什么名字? 我叫鲍勃. What's your name ? I'm Rita. What's your name ? I'm Nick. 你叫什么名字? 我叫丽塔. 你叫什么名字? 我叫尼克. What's your name ? I'm Lisa. 你叫什么名字? 我叫利萨. 5. A story-Pit'sskateboard. 5 一个故事-彼德的滑板. Pa:Hello,Pit. Pa:好,彼德. Pi:Hello,Pat.Pa:What's this? Pi:嗨,帕特.Pa:这是什么? Pi:My new skateboard.Pi:Look!Pi:Goodbye,Pat! Pi:这是我的新滑板.Pi:看!Pi:再见,帕特! Pa:Bye-bye,Pit!Pi:Help!Help!pi:Bye-bye,skateboard! Pa:再见,彼德!Pi:救命!救命!Pi:再见,滑板! Unit 16. Let's learnand act 第1单元6 我们来边学边表演.
BOOK2 Theme A Unit 3 1. flexible /5fleksIbl/ adj.柔韧性, 易曲的, 灵活的, 柔软的 2. squash /skwCF/ n. (also fml 正规作`squash rackets) 壁球 3. anaerobic /AneE5rEubik/ adj. 无氧的, 厌氧性的 4. aerobic /eE5rEubik/ adj. 依靠氧气的, 与需氧菌有关的, 增氧健身法的 5. muscle / 5mQsl/ n. [C]肌肉: 6. improve / im5pru:v/ v. [I, Tn] (cause sth to)（使某事物）改进, 改善: 7. circulation /7sE:kju5leiFEn/ n. [C, U]血液循环: 8. breathe / bri:T/ v. 呼吸: 9. oxygen / 5CksidVEn/ n. U] 氧; 氧气: 10. carbon / 5kB:bEn/ n. U] 碳 11. dioxide /dai5Cksaid/ n. [U] (chemistry 化) 二氧化物: 12. champion / 5tFAmpjEn/ n. 冠军; 优胜者: 13. medal / 5medl/ n. 纪念章; 奖章 14. probably / 5prRbEb(E)lI/ adv. 大概, 或许 15. weight / weit/ n. [U] 重量; 分量: 16. length / leNW/ n. [U] 长度; 长: Phrase 1. an exellent way to keep fit 一个极好的保持健康的方式 2. breathe oxygen into one’s lungs 将氧气吸入到肺部 3. breathe …out of 将…呼出 4. the Olympics/the Olympic games 奥运会 5. begin training 开始训练 6. have a light breakfast 吃一顿清淡的早餐 7. at lunchtime 在午饭时间 8. lift weights 举重 9. keep fit 保持健康 10. improve one’s blood circulation 促进某人的血液循环 11. a top swimmer 一位顶级的游泳者 12. a day in the life of 某人一生中的一天 13. win a gold medal 赢得一块金牌 14. the timetable for every day 每一天的日程表 Unit 4 1. diameter /dai5AmitE/ n.直径: the diameter of a tree-trunk 树干的直径 2. formula / 5fC:mjulE/ n. (pl ~s or, in scientific use 作科技用语, 复数作formulae / -mjuli?; -mj?li/)(mathematics or physics 数或物)公式: 3. calcutate / 5kAlkjuleit/ v. 计算; 推算; 估计: 4. triangle / 5traiAN^l/ n. 三角形
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https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b694193.html, 剑桥大学硕士专业 建筑和艺术史系；古希腊和罗马语言文学系；神学系；英语系；现代和中古语言学系；音乐系；东方系；经济系；教育系；历史系；法律系；哲学系；社会和政治科学系；地球科学地理系；工程系；数学系；物理化学系；考古和人类学系；医药医学系；计算机科学技术；土地经济系；管理系；生物系；心理学。 剑桥大学QS专业排名 商科/经济：4 工程：3 计算机信息：6 教育：4 人文：2 医学：3 法律：3
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b694193.html, 自然科学：2 音乐：17 视觉创意：17 下面立思辰留学360介绍，剑桥大学学院设置 剑桥大学基督学院（Christ‘s College，1505年建立） 剑桥大学丘吉尔学院（Churchill College，1960年建立） 剑桥大学卡莱尔学院（Clare College，1326年建立） 剑桥大学卡莱尔学堂（Clare Hall，1965年建立） 剑桥大学圣体学院（Corpus Christi College，1352年建立）达尔文学院（Darwin College，1964年建立） 剑桥大学唐宁学院（Downing College，1800年建立） 剑桥大学伊曼纽尔学院（Emmanuel College，1584年建立） 剑桥大学菲茨威廉学院（Fitzwilliam College，1869年建立）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b694193.html, 剑桥大学格顿学院（Girton College，1869年建立[18] ） 剑桥大学冈维尔与凯斯学院（Gonville and Caius College,1348年） 哈默顿学院（Homerton College，1768年建立[18] ） 剑桥大学休斯学堂（Hughes Hall，1885年建立） 耶稣学院（Jesus College，1496年建立[18] ） 剑桥大学国王学院（King’s College，1441年建立） 剑桥大学露西·卡文迪什学院（Lucy Cavendish College，1965年） 麦格达伦学院（Magdalene College，1428年建立） 默里·爱德华兹学院（MurrayEdwardsCollege，原名新学堂 New Hall，1954年建立）剑桥大学纽纳姆学院（Newnham College，1871年建立） 剑桥大学彭布罗克学院（Pembroke College，1347年建立） 剑桥大学彼得学院（Peterhouse，1284年建立） 王后学院（Queens‘ College，1448年建立） 剑桥大学罗宾逊学院（Robinson College，1979年建立） 剑桥大学圣凯瑟琳学院（St Catharine’s College,1473年建立） 圣埃德蒙学院（St Edmund‘s College，1896年建立） 剑桥大学圣约翰学院（St John’s College，1511年建立） 塞尔文学院（Selwyn College，1882年建立） 西德尼·苏塞克斯学院（Sidney Sussex College，1596年建立） 剑桥大学三一学院（Trinity College，1546年建立） 剑桥圣三一学院（Trinity Hall，1350年建立） 剑桥大学沃尔森学院（Wolfson College，1965年建立）
剑桥商务英语BEC中级阅读真题（一） PART ONE Questions 1-7 Look at the sentences below and the job advertisements on the opposite page. Which job does each sentence 1-7 refer to? For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of these letters more than once. 1 You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system. 2 You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear. 3 You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds. 4 You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas. 5 It is necessary to have worked in this sector before. 6 You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization. 7 The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people. A BUSINESS MANAGER You will be responsible for our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture. You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree. B
一.根据所学内容，选出每组不同的词组。（5*2分） ( )1.A.Make a snowman B. Play games C. fly a kite ( )2.A. Pick up leaves B. Go to the forest C. Have a picnic ( )3.A. Have a swim B. ride a bike C. Eat an ice cream ( )4.A. Enjoy the sunshine B. Wear a fur coat C. Play with snowballs ( )5.A. Drink milk B. Play football C. Eat an egg 二、根据句意选择正确的答案。（5*2分） ( )1. What's your favourite season? A. Music B. Spring C. Blue ( )2. Which holiday do you like? A. I like Christmas B. It's in December C. Sunday ( )3. What are you good at? A. I stay at home B. It likes a small cat C. Cooking
( )4. How tall are you? A .145cm B. 92 km C. 12 years old ( )5. What did you do last week? A. I play football B. I visited the zoo C. Yes , I liked it very much 三、根据对话，选择恰当的答案。（5*3分） A: Hello B: A: Where did you go last weekend? B: A: What did you do there? B: A: What' s your favourite season? B: A: Why do you like winter? B: ①Spring ②Hello ③I went to Zhongshan park. ④Because I can play with snowball ⑤I played with my best friends. 四、将月份和所匹配的节日连起来。（5*3分） January Christmas
剑桥BEC真题集第四辑（中级）口语修正版答案 What is important when Planning a presentation？ ●Audience ●Equipment needed Firstly，You need to know who is going to be the target audience. Whether the audience know anything about the topic of your presentation, What they are interested in, and Why they come to your presentation. Once you have found out something about the target audience, you need to keep in mind their interests and needs so as to make your presentation interesting and meaningful for the target audience. Secondly, you need to decide what kind of equipment will be needed for the presentation, e.g. over-head projector; clear transparencies; computer; microphone, acoustic for the venue where the presentation will take place. Also,You need to make sure that the equipment needed will be available on the day when the presentation will take place. what’s more, you need to check that all the equipment is in good condition and works well. What is important when selecting an interpreter for a meeting with foreign clients ●Experience ●Reliability Firstly, you need to select an interpreter who is experienced in interpreting for such meetings, the interpreter should have a wide knowledge about business management and familiar with the special terms and jargons for commercial negotiations, finance, law, etc. in addition, a background knowledge about the target country is also important too. Secondly, the interpreter for a meeting with foreign clients should be reliable in the following aspects: being punctual for the meetings,keeping information learned at the meetings confidential and interpreting accurately what is being discussed What is important when introducing a new product range onto the market ●Timing ●advance publicity Firstly ,the introduction should be made at an appropriate time, i.e. when the market is matured for having this new product range, in other words, there will be prospective customers to buy the products. If there are any competitors who are planning to introduce similar products onto the market, then it is necessary that the introduction should be made ahead of their introduction so as to grab as much market share as possible. Secondly, advance publicity is important in that it will pave the way for the introduction, i.e. to make it known to the general public. There are different ways to implement advance publicity. -- to have a news conference to declare the introduction --to advertise on TV/radio, in newspaper/magazines --to deliver samples of the new product (delivery can be made in the streets, in
小学英语之《剑桥少儿英语》和 《新概念英语青少版》之间的选择 在中国，一般学校在小学三年级开始学习英语了。经常看到有家长问，小学生应该学剑桥好还是学新概念好、应该给孩子买什么教材学英语等等的问题，通过下面的介绍希望给大家带来帮助。 1.《剑桥少儿英语》的特点？ 《剑桥少儿英语》是英国剑桥大学考试委员会于1996年正式推出，针对非英语母语国家6至12岁少年儿童的英语能力培养和提高设计的考试。分为剑桥少儿英语一级、剑桥少儿英语二级、剑桥少儿英语三级，考试包括听、说、读写三部分。从培养少年儿童的英语基础语言能力和语感入手，培养学生的英语语言思维能力，建立起英语学习的自信心与荣誉感的学习系统。 参加培训考试者均可获得由教育部考试中心中英中心和剑桥大学考试委员会联合签发的写实性证书。以需要为前提、以适应为特色、以第二课堂为基地、以培训为核心,，以考试促学习、以质量为根本、以素质教育为宗旨。《剑桥少儿英语》根据中国少年儿童生活实际情况，设计了贴近生活的易学、易懂、易掌握的对话、练习、歌曲、游戏，通过"玩中学、学中玩"的教学活动，使孩子们容易理解、轻松掌握。 剑桥英语把大部分学校所教内容通过少儿喜闻乐见的形式贯穿在教学内容之中，能有效巩固、补充和促进学校的教育。国内唯一可获少儿英语等级证书的学习系统，证书国际认可培训后，可通过国家
和剑桥大学于每年3月和9月统一举行的考试来评估学生的英语水平，并获得由剑桥大学考试委员会（UCELS）和教育部考试中心中英中心联合签发的写实性国际证书。 2.《新概念英语青少版》的特点？ 《新概念英语青少版》是“新概念英语”教学体系的新成员，由世界著名英语教学专家路易·亚历山大、朱莉娅·亚历山大和罗伊·金斯伯里专为中国9-15岁的青少年以及英语初学者编写。 《新概念英语青少版》（JNCE）整套教材分为5个级别，每个级别含A、B两个分册。五年完成整个教学计划。教材内容涵盖了最新《英语课程标准》对中、小学生的知识和能力要求，既满足了我国学生升学考试的需要，又兼顾了在实际交际中运用的需要。 《JNCE1A-3B》共涉及2000个单词和短语，有效地补充了现有校内教材的不足，衔接了小学至初中的英语落差，是三到五年级学生强化听、说、读、写英语全面能力的首选教材。 《JNCE4A-5B》以《新概念英语2》为蓝本，根据青少年的心理和认知特点进行改版，更适合初中阶段的学生使用。 在秉承《新概念英语》先进教学理念的基础上，语法大纲更加强调渐进性，凡涉及新的语法结构，都会循环不断地复习前面所学过的语法知识。此外，教材针对中国青少年的身心特点，采用了和他们生活、学习密切相关的语言教材，课本以一个英语家庭以及他们的朋友为故事情节，结合精炼幽默的语言，通过精心设计的口语听力、阅读和写作练习，帮助青少年扎实地掌握各项英语的知识和能力，进而实
剑桥国际少儿英语二Unit1文本 Stella: Hello again! We’re the Star Family. I’m Stella Star and I’m eight. This is my brother, Simon. He’s seven, and this is my sister, Suzy. She’s four.再次向大家问好！我们是Star 一家。我是Stella Star，我八岁了。这是我弟弟，Simon。他七岁了，这是我妹妹Susy，她四岁。Simon: This is my grandmother. She’s grandma Star. 这是我的祖母，她是Grandma Star。Grandma: Hello. 大家好。 Simon: This is my grandfather. He’s grandpa Star. 这是我的祖父，他是Grandpa Star。Simon: Grandpa, say hello.祖父，说大家好。 Grandpa: Oh! Hello, everybody. 噢！大家好。 Mrs Star: And we’re Mr and Mrs Star.我 们是Mr Star和Mrs Star。 Stella: Hello, Alex! Hello, Lenny! How are you? 你好，Alex！你好，Lenny！你们好吗？ Alex and Lenny: Fine,thanks.挺好的，谢谢。 Merra: Is this your classroom,Simon? 这是你的教室吗，Simon？ Simon: Yes. 是的 Merra: Who’s that on the board？在板子上面的是谁？ Simon: That’s my favourite toy, Maskman. Look at my Maskman ruler.那是我最喜欢的玩具，Maskman。看我的Maskman尺子。 Lenny: That’s nice. My ruler’s on my desk.真漂亮，我的尺子在我桌子上 Stella: Are your school books in the bookcase?你的课本在书柜里吗？ Simon: No, they are in the cupboard. Our teacher’s here now.不，他们在柜橱里面。咱们老师来了。 Stella and Meera: Oops。噢 Suzy: Ooh, kites! Can we look at them, Dad?哦，风筝！我们能看看吗，爸爸？ Mr Star: OK, Suzy. Where are they?好的，Suzy。他们在哪儿？ Suzy: Over there! Next to the lorries. 在那儿，挨着货车。 Simon: Look at these robots! 看这些机器人！ Stella: Ugh! They’re ugly!啊！他们真丑！ Alex: I like this big yellow watch.我喜欢这块大的黄色手表。
TEST2 PART 1 这篇文章讲的是倾听（listening）的重要性。一个好的管理者必然是一个好的倾听者，所以要讲究倾听的艺术。 第一题，有时坚持进一步的解释是很有必要的。答案是B段的这么一句：It may mean quizzing the speaker for additional information or for clarification - it is always better to ask than to continue regardless and get things wrong它可能意味着为了进一步的信息和说明去询问说话的人——问总比不顾情况的继续并且把事情办错的好。这里的additional information对应于further explanation. 第二题，不能在别人还在说的时候就开始关注自己的回应。答案是C段的第一句：The most common bad habit we have is to start thinking of what we are going to say about the subject long before the other speaker has finished。我们最常见的坏习惯就是在讲话者远还没结束的时候就开始思考我们将对这个话题说些什么。这里的before the other speaker has finished就是others are still speaking，focus on your response 就是start thinking of what we are going to say about the subject。 第三题，人们不愿意承认自己没有听好。答案是A段的第一句：Too often we accuse others of not listening, pretending that we ourselves are faultless, yet in our hearts we know that many of the mistakes we make come about because we haven't listened carefully enough。我们经常指责别人没有好好听，假装我们自己是无可指责的，其实在我们心里知道，很多我们所犯的错误都是由于听的不够仔细。这句的意思就是说我们心里知道什么原因，但是口头上喜欢指责别人。也就是第三题题干说的不愿意承认。 第四题，从说话者的视角去考虑问题是有好处的。答案是D段的这么一句：Equally importantly you should put yourself in the other person's place, both intellectually and emotionally。同样重要的是你必须把自己置于别人的位置上，既是智力上的也是情感上的。这里的put yourself in other person’s plac e就是seeing things from the speaker’s perspective。
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