英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832
2002年4月
4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?
A. extra-
B. pro-
C. re-
D. semi-
Key: C, reread
A. extra- (degree or size)
B. pro- (orientation and attitude)
C. re- (time or order)
D. semi-(number)
15.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )
A. bound roots
B. free morphemes
C. inflectional morphemes
D. derivational affixes
Key: C
47. How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.
Key: p48 /67
47.A)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.
B)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation; it's the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.
2003年4月
48.What is the difference between partial and full conversion? Explain with two examples.
Key: P58
A noun fully converted from an adjective has all the characteristics of nouns, e.g. a white, a liberal; Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does, e.g. the poor, the young.
2004年4月
1. There are ______ major classes of compounds.
A. two
B. for
C. three
D. five
Key: C p 51-52
7. Since the beginning of this century, ______ has become even more important for the expansion of English vocabulary.
A. word-formation
B. borrowing
C. semantic change
D. both B and C
Key: A P45
13. Which of the following suffixes can be used to form both nouns and adjectives? ______
A. -ion.
B. -ism.
C. -ity.
D. -ist.
Key: D
45. conversion
Key: p 56
47. What are the features of compounds? Give examples.
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Key: p52
2005年4月
9. Which of the following is NOT an acronym?（ ）
A. TOEFL
B.ODYSSEY
C. BASIC
D. CCTV
Key: B 43. blending
46. What is the difference between prefixation and suffixation? Explain with two examples.
2006年4月
8. The following are all denominal suffixes EXCEPT _________.（ ） A. –ful B. –wise C. –less
D. –like
Key: B p40
19. Compounds are different from free phrases in ___________ unity. Key: semantic p52 42. prefixation
2006年7月
2007年4月
6．Which of the following is a case of suffixation? （ ） A ．Hemisphere. B ．Attempt. C ．NA TO. D ．Respondent.
Key: D
16．The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is the ______________. Key: stem p51
18．In the word ―post -war‖, ―post -
‖ is a prefix of ______________.
Key: time p48 43．conversion
2007年7月
6．Which of the following is a case of conversion? （）
A．Encourage. B．Week.
C．Toothache. D．Doubt.
Key: D
17. In the word ―pseudo-science‖, ―pseudo-‖ is a ________ prefix.
Key: pejorative p47
42. back-formation
50. Point out the compounds in the following sentence and explain how they are combined.
The out-going president talked to the stockholders who had staged a sit-in in forty-storey building.
2008年4月
5. The root of the word “antecedent”is ______. （）
A. ante-
B. -ced-
C. -dent
D. -ent
Key: B
6.Shortening a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains is called ______. （）
A. blending
B. clipping
C. acronymy
D. back-formation
Key: B
46. What is suffixation? Give an example to illustrate your point
2008年7月
10. ―Dis-‖ in the word ―disloyal‖ is a ________ prefix. ( )
A. negative
B. reversative
C. pejorative
D. locative
Key: A p46
11. The word ―AIDS‖ is a(n) ________. ( )
A. initialism
B. acronym
C. derivative
D. compound
Key: B p66
12. The word ―smog‖ is created by blending, with the structure of ________. ( )
A. head + tail
B. head + head
C. head + word
D. word + tail
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Key: A p63
44. Suffixation generally changes the grammatical function or word ________ of stems of words. Key: class p49
52. prefixation
60. Comment on the following 2 groups of words or sentences to illustrate the semantic features and grammatical features of compounds.
Group 1: ―red meat/hot dog‖
Group 2: ―He bad-mouthed me. / major generals‖
Key: p52/53
2009年4月
10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.
（）
A．compounding B．affixation
C．conversion D．shortening
Key: B p45
11．The word ―motel‖ is created by ______.（）
A．compounding B．clipping
C．blending D．suffixation
Key: C
12．―BBC‖ is formed in the way of ______.（）
A．acronymy B．clipping
C．back-formation D．prefixation
Key: A
44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________.
Key: affixation
57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point. 2009年7月
10. The suffix ―-tion‖ is a ______ suffix. （）
A. adjective
B. verb
C. adverb
D. noun
Key: D
11. From the sentences ―Hand in your papers.‖ and ―She papered the room green.‖, we can see such a means of word formation as ______. （）
A. affixation
B. compounding
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C. conversion
D. acronymy
Key: C
12. The word ―beg‖ comes from the word ―beggar‖. Such a way of creating a new word is called ______. （）
A. suffixation
B. clipping
C. blending
D. back-formation
Key: D
44. Prefixes only modify the ______ of the stem.
Key: meaning p 46
52. clipping
2010年4月
10. ―Washing machine‖ is a word formed by____.（）
A. prefixation
B. compounding
C. conversion
D. blending
Key: B
11. ―TV‖ is a(n) ____.（）
A. initialism
B. acronym
C. derivative
D. compound
Key: A
12. The prefix ―mis-‖ in the word ―mistrust‖ is a ____prefix. （）
A. negative
B. reversative
C. pejorative
D. locative
Key: C p47
44. New words which are created by adding affixes to stems are called____.
Key: derivatives
52. conversion
2010年7月
10. The prefix "over-" in the word "overweight" is a prefix of ______.（）
A. orientation and attitude
B. degree or size
C. time and order
D. number
Key: B p46
11. The method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes is called ______.（）
A. back-formation
B. acronymy
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C. conversion
D. clipping
Key: A
12. "Champagne", a common noun, comes from a ______.（）
A. name of a person
B. name of a place
C. name of a book
D. tradename
Key: B p70
44. The prefix "un-" in the word "unwrap"is a ______ prefix.
Key: reversative
53. blending
2011年4月
10. 30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English vocabulary are produced through ______ .( )
A. affixation
B. clipping
C. compounding
D. shortening
Key: A
11. The formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class is called ______. ( )
A. prefixation
B. suffixation
C. acronymy
D. conversion
Key: D
12. The method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes is called ______. ( )
A. back-formation
B. clipping
C. blending
D. suffixation
Key: A
34. The process of changing the word "possible" into "impossible" is called _________.
Key: prefixation
47. Both initialisms and acronyms are formed to a certain extent from initial letters. Is there any difference between them? Illustrate your point with examples.
Key: p66
50. Comment on the following groups to illustrate the difference between partial and full conversion.
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Group 1: "white — a white, final — finals"
Group 2: "rich — the rich, wounded — the wounded"
Key: p58
2011年7月
1. There are two approaches to the study of polysemy. They are（）
A. primary and secondary
B. central and peripheral
C. diachronic and synchronic
D. formal and functional
2. Which of the following is NOT a stylistic feature of idioms?（）
A. Colloquial
B. Slang
C. Negative
D. Literary
3. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups, that is:（）
A. absolute and relative
B. absolute and complete
C. relative and near
D. complete and identical
4. In the early period of Middle English, English,（）existed side by side.
A. Celtic and Danish
B. Danish and French
C. Latin and Celtic
D. French and Latin
5. A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single （）morpheme.
A. formal
B. concrete
C. free
D. bound
6. Which of the following groups of words is NOT onomatopoeically motivated?（）
A. croak, drum
B. squeak, bleat
C. buzz, neigh
D. bang, trumpet
7. LDCE is distinctive for its（）
A. clear grammar codes
B. usage notes
C. language notes
D. all of the above
8. From the historical point of view, English is more closely related to（）
A. German
B. French
C. Scottish
D. Irish
9. Which of the following is NOT an acronym?（）
A. TOEFL
B.ODYSSEY
C. BASIC
D. CCTV
10. In the course book, the author lists（）types of context clues for inferring word meaning.
A. eight
B. six
C. seven
D. five
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11. Sources of homonyms include（）
A. changes in sound and spelling
B. borrowing
C. shortening
D. all of the above
12. The written form of English is a(an)（）representation of the spoken form.
A. selective
B. adequate
C. imperfect
D. natural
13. Structurally a（）is the smallest meaningful unit of a language.
A. morpheme
B. stem
C. word
D. compound
14. Unlike affixes,（）are often free morphemes.
A. suffixes
B. prefixes
C. inflectional morphemes
D. roots
15. The four major foreign contributors to the English vocabulary in earlier times were French, Latin,（）
A. Scandinavian and Italian
B. Greek and Scandinavian
C. Celtic and Greek
D. Italian and Spanish
Ⅱ. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)
16. The name given to the widening of meaning which some words undergo is___________.
17. Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English is a___________ dictionary.
18. When a new word appears for the first time, the author usually manages to give hints or ___________ in the context to help the readers.
19. Radiation and ___________ are the two coinages which the development of word meaning follows from monosemy to polysemy.
20. Middle English refers to the language spoken from 1150 to___________.
Ⅲ. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) word origin, 2) word formation, and 3) types of synonyms or antonyms. (10%)
A B
( ) 21. skill A. back-formation
( ) 22. babysit B. blending
( ) 23. telequiz C. French origin
( ) 24. composition/compounding D. Scandinavian origin
( ) 25. government E. clipping
( ) 26. same/ different F. relative synonyms
( ) 27. gent G. Germanic
( ) 28. English H. absolute synonyms
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( ) 29. change/ alter I. Contradictory terms ( ) 30. big/ small
J. contrary terms
Ⅳ. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, 2) types of meanings, 3) processes of meaning development, and 4) formation of compounds. (10%)
31. neck →primary meaning: that part of man joining the head to the body;
a secondary meaning: the narrowest part of anything. ( ) 32. contradict ( ) 33. mother: love, care ( ) 34. upcoming ( ) 35. window shopping ( ) 36. radios
( ) 37. property developer
( ) 38. candidate →earlier meaning: white-robed;
later meaning: a person proposed for a place, award etc. ( ) 39. handsome ??
?
??m an typewriter overcoat
( )
40. northward ( )
Ⅴ. Define the following terms. (10%) 41. encyclopedia
42. borrowed words 43. blending 44. extension 45. phrasal verb
Ⅵ. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)
46. What is the difference between prefixation and suffixation? Explain with two examples. 47. What is extra-linguistic context? 48. What is polysemy? Illustrate your points.
Ⅶ. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%)
49. Study the following sentence and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Then explain what contextual clues help you to work out the meaning.
Carnivores are very dangerous. Not long ago, a tiger escaped from the zoo and killed a dog in the street and ate it.
50. Connotative meaning is not stable. Comment on this statement with one example.
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必修4单词表 Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 （法国民族女英雄） △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 welfare n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会 specialist n. 专家；专业工作者 △specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家) △chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪?威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者） campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园 (位于坦桑尼亚) behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现 behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性 shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n. 观察；观测 childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论
Unit 4 Earthquakes 1.right away He is ill, you should call in the doctor right away. at once 立刻，马上 right now 现在，此刻，马上 immediately 立刻，马上 2.burst The bag was so full that it burst open. Hearing the news, all the children burst out laughing. I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. burst out 突然发生，突然说出 burst into 突然。。。。。。起来 burst in 闯入 burst open 突然打开 3.destroy，damage，ruin destroy 严重毁坏，不复存在 damage 破坏do damage to ruin 毁灭，毁坏，使破产，还可作名词 in ruins, fall in ruins 4.分数的表示法 四分之一one fourth
五分之三three fifths 三分之二 5.shock It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children. be shocked at doing sth be shocked to do sth 6.injure V. 伤害，弄上，损害 She was slightly injured in the traffic accident. 7.rescue We had given up the hope of rescue. We rescued him from the enemy. 8.shelter 掩蔽，掩蔽处，藏身处 They found shelter from the storm in a barn. give ab shelter 9.bury The paper was buried under a pile of books. He was buried in his work. 10.dig out He was buried under the building and had to be dug out. 11.Think little of 对。。。。。。不屑一顾，不看重。。。。。。 Don’t think little of others. https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b13501513.html,st
Unit 4 1.win the lottery 赢得抽奖 2. in public 公共的、公众的 3. in the slightest 一点也；根本 4. plenty of 很多的、足够的 5. get along with 与…相处 6. let …down 使…失望、沮丧 7. come up with 提出、想出（问题） 8. medical research 医学研究 9. what if 如果…怎么办 10. be late for 迟到… 11. be nervous 紧张的 12. get nervous （变得）紧张的 13. take a long walk 散步 14. ask one’s permission 征求某人的
许可 15.without permission 没得到许可16.introduce oneself to sb自我介绍 17.rather than 而不是 18. a circle of good friends 朋友圈子19He doesn’t know what to wear 20 too tired to do well 21 What areyou like ? 你的性格如何I’m energetic and confident 我充满活力和自信 22have a cold感冒23 invite sb to have dinner邀请人吃饭 24 have plenty of/a lot of friends 25 be busy to get
along/on with sb容易和人相处 26right away=at once 立即/马上27 be friendly to sb对人友善 28come top in the exams在考试中名列前茅30 the rest of the students 29think of ways to do sth想出做某事的确方法31Come out 出来/出版 32 cut yourself by accident无意自己切到手33fall downstairs 掉下楼 34hurry to do sth赶紧做某35 the danger of smoking吸烟的危险性
二年级下册语文复习资料（第七单元） 一、看拼音写词语 ěr duo shàn zi yù dào tù zi (耳朵) (扇子) (遇到) (兔子) hòu lái bùān máo bìng tóu tòng (后 ) (不安) (毛病) (头痛) zuì hòu zhǐ yào rén jiā fēi chóng (最后) (只要) (人家) (飞虫) jué dìng shāng diàn mù wū zhōng yú (决定) (商店) (木屋) (终于) wéi jīn xīng qī qīng wā cǎo zǐ (围巾) (星期) (青蛙) (草籽) yě yā quán shuǐ yīng gāi huā cóng (野鸭) (泉水) (应该) (花丛) jìn qíng dào lù máo chóng yè zi (尽情) (道路) (毛虫) (叶子) mù guāng zhōu yóu gōng fu zhú zi (目光) (周游) (工夫) (竹子) fǎng zhī biān zhī zěn yàng xiāo shī (纺织) (编织) (怎样) (消失) shēng yīn huā wén (声音) (花纹) 二、形近字组词 扇（电扇）慢（快慢）兔（兔子）遇（遇见）根（树根）卖（售卖）扁（扁担）漫（浪漫）免（免费）偶（偶然）跟（跟头）买（购买）店（商店）决（决定）终（终于）换（交换）期（期末）蛙（青蛙）踮（踮脚）决（口诀）咚（叮咚）唤（呼唤）欺（欺负）挂（挂画) 倒（倒车）籽（菜籽）破（破坏）织（织布）消（消失）般（一般）到（到）仔（仔细）坡（山坡）知（知识）悄（悄悄）搬（搬走) 抽（抽水）纺（纺织）编（编排）痛（痛苦）失（失去） 油（油菜）访（访问）遍（一遍) 桶（水桶）夫（夫人） 三、多音字组词 sì（似乎） shàn（扇子） 似扇 shì（似的） shān（扇风） lù（露脸） hē（喝水） 露喝 lòu（露出） hè（喝彩） dào（倒车） jǐn（尽管） 倒尽 dǎo（倒下） jìn（尽力）
必修4 Unit 1 n. 成就；功绩 圣女贞德（法国民族女英雄） 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊（英国慈善家） 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 n. 福利；福利事业 n. 项目；工程；规划 n. 学会；学院；协会 中国福利基金会 n. 专家；专业工作者 vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家) n. （非洲）黑猩猩 n. 连接；关系 人类 乔迪?威廉斯 n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 n. 地雷 n. 组织；机构；团体 贡贝国家公园 vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现行为；举止；习性 n. 荫；阴凉处vt. 遮住光线 离开；起程；出发 adj. 值得的；值得做的 n. 巢；窝 n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 vt. 观察；观测；遵守 n. 观察；观测 n. 童年；幼年时代
adj. 直言的；坦诚 vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 n. 争论；争辩；争吵 n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 过着……的生活 n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 n. 灵感；鼓舞 n. & vt. 支持；拥护 蔑视；瞧不起 vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 查阅；参考；谈到 n. 观众；听众；读者 碰巧；凑巧（偶然）遇见；碰见 n. 事业；生涯 n. 比率；速度 n. 疾病；恶心 vt. 计划；打算 n. 突发事件；紧急情况 n. 一代；一辈 n. 决心；果断 n. 仁慈；好意 adj. 考虑周到的 n. 考虑；体谅 vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） 继续；坚持 adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的
一．New words: 1．decrease ① v.降低，减少，（使）变小/少 decrease in 在…方面减少 decrease from … to…从…减少到…\ decrease to减少到… decrease by减少了… This species of birds is decreasing in numbers every year. The number of new students decreased from 1,200 to 900 this year. ■increase增加 increase to增加（长）到… increase by增加（长）了… on the increase在增加 2．loss n.损失，遗失，丧失 He will try his best to make up for the loss. The loss of his wife was a great blow to him. ■at a loss不知所措，不知如何是好 ■（be）lost in thought陷入沉思 3．reserve n.保护区，储存，保留v.预定，保留 This area was once a wildlife reserve. I have reserved a table at the restaurant. We will reserve the money, we may need it later. 我们将把这笔钱存起来，也许以后用得着。 4.hunt ①打猎，猎取 He spent the whole day hunting deer. go hunting去打猎 We will go hunting this Sunday morning if the weather permits. ②搜寻 hunt for搜索，追寻，寻找 hunt sp. for为寻找…搜索某地 She is still hunting for a new job. I have hunted everywhere for my watch, but I can’t find it. 5．respond v.回答，做出反应，回报 respond to回答/应答…,对…做出答复/回复 She didn’t respond to my question. He responded to my offer with a laugh. 6．mercy n.仁慈，宽容，怜悯 show mercy to sb.= show sb. mercy同情，怜悯某人 without mercy毫不留情地，残忍地 The judge showed no mercy to the drunk driver. In the past, some farmers killed elephants without mercy. At the mercy of 任由---的支配
第二册语文词语表（七）姓名＿＿＿＿＿＿ 识字7： 1.我会读，我会记。 是非长短虚心骄傲热情冷淡诚实输赢赢得称赞虚伪招手千家万户2.我会读，我会写。 短：短小长短短处取长补短对：对面不对对不起对手 冷：冰冷冷水冷静冷清淡：淡水淡化平淡清淡 热：热心热情热爱冷热情：亲情友情心情事情 第26课：小白兔和小灰兔 1.我会读，我会记。 帮忙翻松浇水施肥拔草饿肚子时候挑水一担白菜把地翻松把白菜吃完2.我会读，我会写。 拉：拉开拉车拉住拉起把：把关把手火把一把伞 给：还给交给送给活：生活活动活力生龙活虎 种：（zhòng）种树种花（zhǒng）种子吃：吃饭吃力口吃吃苦 第27课：两只小狮子 1.我会读，我会记。 狮子整天练习滚动扑过去撕咬刻苦懒洋洋慢吞吞以后将来依靠应该懒洋洋地晒太阳懒洋洋地听讲慢吞吞地说慢吞吞地走兴冲冲地走进来兴冲冲地上学2.我会读，我会写。 练：练习排练苦练训练习：学习自习习题习以为常 苦：苦力吃苦辛苦苦口婆心学：学习上学学校好学 非：非常非凡是非常：常常经常往常常来常往 第28课：小伙伴 1.我会读，我会记，找找反义词。 伙伴春游午餐矿泉水丢失糟糕粗心大概公共汽车忘记保管夹心共同保密记得餐巾纸完美细心一定赶快公开好（hǎo）人爱好（hào） 2.我会读，我会写。 问：问号问题问答提问间：中间房间时间午间 伙：伙伴伙计同伙合伙伴：伙伴同伴伴侣相伴 共：共同公共一共共有汽：汽水汽车汽油 第29课：手捧空花盆的孩子 1.我会读，我会记。 花盆一位国王挑选并排宣布十分用心发芽规定许许多多盛开一丝表情一盆鲜花煮熟高兴的表情美丽的鲜花用心地培育高兴地拉着 2.我会读，我会写。 分：分开分工分手分别要：不要只要要好需要 没：没有没人没事没办法位：座位各位个位数位位子 孩：孩子孩儿女孩男孩选：选手挑选选择 语文园地七： 饼干饮料饺子小猪狼狗冷热长短老少前后开关快慢 大军大海大气大学空军天空上空空气海军天生天上上天天气 生气学生上海海上上学 第1页共1页
高中英语必修一第4单元单词及默写 贵阳市乌当中学高力超（注：词汇不含带Δ的） earthquake地震 quake 地震 right away 立刻马上 well井 pipe 管；导管 burst爆裂；爆发突然破裂，爆发 million 百万 event事件；大事 as if 仿佛．好像 at an end 结束；终结 nation民族．国家国民 canal 运河．水道 steam 蒸汽．水汽 dirt污垢；泥土 ruin 废墟．毁灭.毁灭.使破产 in ruins 严重受损破败不堪 suffering苦难．痛苦 extreme极度的 injure /损害.伤害 destroy 破坏；毁坏．消灭 brick砖.砖块 dam水坝．堰堤 track轨道．足迹．痕迹 useless无用的.无效的.无益的 shock（使）震凉震动n休克打击 rescue 援救：营救 trap陷入困境n 陷阱；困境 electricity 电，电流；电学 disaster 灾难．灾祸 dig out 掘出．发现 bury埋葬；掩埋．隐藏 mine矿．矿山矿井 miner矿工 shelter掩蔽．掩蔽处避身处 a (great) number of许多．大量的 title标题；头衔．资格 reporter 记者 bar 条；棒；条状物 damage损失损害 frighten使惊吓；吓唬 frightened受惊的.受恐吓的
frightening令人恐俱的 congratulation 祝贺．（复数） judge裁判员．法官以断定；判断；判决sincerely真诚地．真挚地 express表示．表达快车；速递 outline 要点；大纲．轮廓 headline报刊的大字标题 cyclist 骑自行车的人 英语默写 地震 地震 立刻马上 井 管；导管 爆裂；爆发突然破裂，爆发 百万 事件；大事 仿佛．好像 结束；终结 民族．国家国民 运河．水道 蒸汽．水汽 污垢；泥土 废墟．毁灭.毁灭.使破产 严重受损破败不堪 苦难．痛苦 极度的 损害.伤害 破坏；毁坏．消灭 砖.砖块 水坝．堰堤 轨道．足迹．痕迹 无用的.无效的.无益的 （使）震凉震动n休克打击 援救：营救 陷入困境n 陷阱；困境 电，电流；电学 灾难．灾祸 掘出．发现 埋葬；掩埋．隐藏 矿．矿山矿井 矿工 掩蔽．掩蔽处避身处
第七单元词语汇总 1.生字词语 鹐qiān架破绽zhàn 扳bān不动绾wǎn着 揩kāi眼泪盘螭chī璎yīng珞luò绉zhòu裙 贾jiǎ氏王熙xī凤珠髻jì手帕pà敛liǎn声 屏bǐng气风骚sāo 嫡dí亲刷浆jiāng 有诈zhà蹩bié脚蛆qū虫窘jiǒng况 撵nián跑挑tiāo剔tì丧sāng服叉chā着腰 放诞dàn无礼发怔zhèng 裉kèn袄携xié手 咕咚dōng 侄zhí子穿梭suō郎láng中媳xí妇 辉煌huáng 苗条祖宗zōng 可怜lián 屁pì股 师傅fù包袱fú衔xián接露馅xiàn 捏niē着 钞chāo票裤裆dāng 吐痰tán 比比皆jiē是 丫鬟huán 珠钗chāi 熔róng岩 半信半疑兴致勃勃妙不可言十全十美 转悲为喜天衣无缝四四方方匀匀实实平平整整 描写外貌的词语：文质彬彬仪表常常虎背熊腰身强力壮膀大腰粗 描写神态的词语：神采奕奕满面春风垂头丧气目瞪口呆精神抖擞sǒu 描写动作的词语：健步如飞手疾眼快蹦来蹦去活蹦乱跳大摇大摆点头哈腰仰面朝天 描写说话时神态的词语：低声细语巧舌如簧娓娓动听语重心长自言自语 2.多音字 打量liáng 刻薄bó一模mú一样别bié住 力量liàng 薄báo酒模mó特别biè扭 分叉chà天衣无缝fèng 屏píng障 叉chā腰缝féng补敛liǎn声屏bǐng气 3.形近字 钞（钞票）换（交换）瞟（瞟一眼） 抄（抄写）唤（呼唤）漂（漂泊）
碗（饭碗）尤（尤其）偏（偏爱） 宛（宛如）犹（犹豫）编（哄编） 婉（婉转）忧（忧伤）编（编织） 豌（豌豆）鱿（鱿鱼）篇（篇章） 炒（炒菜）焕（焕发）瓢（瓢泼） 吵（吵闹）挽（挽留）飘（飘荡） 挠（阻挠）摔（摔倒）郎（郎中）浇（浇水）蟀（蟋蟀）朗（晴朗）烧（烧饭）率（率领）浪（浪花）熔（熔岩）携（携带）敛（收敛）溶（溶解）镌（镌刻）剑（宝剑）容（容易） 4.近义词 破绽（马脚）欺负（欺侮）趁势（趁机） 吩咐（嘱咐）规矩（规则）胆怯（胆小） 恰恰（恰好）凝结（凝固）威严（威武） 到底（究竟）扎眼（刺眼）能耐（本事） 衔接（连接）难堪（尴尬）刻薄（薄情） 道歉（赔礼）操心（操劳）考究（讲究） 耽误（延误、耽搁）打量（端详、观察） 标致（美貌、美丽） 5.反义词 陌生（熟悉）胆怯（勇敢）刻薄（宽厚） 雅致（俗气）素净（鲜艳）仔细（粗心） 慌忙（从容）标致（丑陋）放诞无礼（彬彬有礼） 6.词语搭配 公鸡鹐架似的对起阵来猴儿似的蹦来蹦去 膀大腰粗的胖墩儿爱财胜过生命的严监生 雪白的屏障走马灯似的转了三四圈
外研版高中英语必修4 单词表 M1 brick n. 砖 concrete n. 混凝土 mud n. 泥 alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的crime n. 罪；罪行 for sure 肯定地 prediction n. 预测 risky adj. 危险的；冒险的 resource n.（常作复数）资源 run out （某物）用完；不多了；没有了material n. 材料 rely vi. 依赖；依靠 rely on 依靠 solar adj. 太阳的urban adj. 都市的；城市的get rid of 除掉；处理掉load vt. 装；装载 landfill n. 垃圾填埋地arrest vt. 逮捕；拘留criminal n. 罪犯；犯人fire vt. 开火；启动 limit n. （常作复数）范围outdoors adv. 户外 online adv. 联机地catalogue n. 目录command n. 命令；指令place order 订购recreation n. 娱乐；消遣bowling n. 保龄球游戏softball n. 垒球（运动）
charge n. 费用；价钱 free of charge 免费 power vt. 供给动力 flick n. 轻打；轻弹 switch n. 开关vi. 交换；调换surgery n. 外科手术 telesurgery n. 远距离手术outpatient n. 门诊病人 clinic n. 诊所 disability n. 失去能力；伤残attach vt. 系；贴；连接spaceport n. 宇航基地 use up 用完 look out 小心；当心 optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义SHB4 M2 trolleybus n. 电车 be connected to 与……相连wire n. 电线 suburban adj. 郊区的；市郊的be / get stuck in 被困在……in no time 马上；一会儿display vt. 展示；陈列 cab n. 出租汽车；计程车permit n. 执照；许可证 receipt n. 收据 get around 到处旅行；四处走动fare n. 车费 air-conditioned adj. 带空调的limit vt. 限制 destination n. 目的地；终点
高二英语模块七第四单元重点词汇 1.drop off Just as I was dropping off, a strange thought crossed my mind. 就在我打瞌睡的时候,一个奇怪的念头闪过我的脑海。 Traffic in the town has dropped off since the bypass opened. 这条旁道通车后，城里来往的车辆就减少了。 His button has dropped off.他的纽扣掉了。 Drop me off at next stop. 请让我在下一个站下车。 ---What time does the plane_____ ? ---I think at about 10 o’clock.” A．drop off B．get off C．take off D．turn off Attendances at football matches have ______ since the coming of the television. A. dropped in B. dropped down C. dropped off D. dropped out ---________? ---That would be great! Please drop me off at the library． A.Could you bring me the bill B.Would you like me to give you a lift C.Could you tell me the postcode for Paris D.Would you like to have my e-mail address ccb 2.convey：vt. 1搬运, 运送 1) This ship conveys oil from the Middle East.这艘船从中东运输石油。 2) This train conveys both passengers and goods. 这列火车既载客又运货。 3) A taxi conveyed us to the railway station. 一辆出租车将我们载到火车站。 表达, 传达(思想感情), 转达 1) Convey my congratulations to your brother. 代我向你弟弟表示祝贺。 2) His manner conveyed a slight nervousness. 他的态度透露出一点紧张。 3) Words cannot convey how happy I am. 言语无法表达我是多么幸福。 传导, 传播, 传染 1) Air is the medium by which sound waves are conveyed.空气是声波传播的媒质。 2) A wire conveys an electric current. 导线输送电流。 In spite of his unfortunate personal experience, his songs _______ a feeling of warmth and hope. A. convey B. reveal C. contain D. indicate (答案：A ) In daily life，we often use body language to ________ extra meaning. A.broadcast B.predict C.convey D.email The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others act ually understand. A. why B. that C. which D. What He knows how to _ his ideas to these new students in a limited period of time. A. convey B. educate C. pass D. convince The media globalization demands media staff have a nose for news and ability to criticize a news discourse. Announcers ought to grasp the news contents precisely, apply their own voices and techniques to ______ the positive news values accurately. A.broadcast B.predict C.convey D.consult 3.postpone:vt.推迟, 延迟=put off 常用搭配：postpone doing… 1) I am disappointed that you are postponing your visit next week, but I expect I will see you soon. 2) The match was postponed to Saturday because of bad weather. 比赛因天气不好而延迟到周六。 3) We have to postpone sending our answer to the request. 我们不得不暂缓寄出对申请书的答复。 4.link up：将……结合，连接; 会合，碰头 1) Engineers can link up distant country sides by radio or telephone. 工程师们能用无线电或电话把遥远的乡村连接起来。 2) The two space will link up (with each other) in orbit. 两艘宇宙飞船将于轨道上连接。 3) Where shall we link up？我们在哪里集会。 These pieces of information______to indicate why and how he was involved in the murder. A A.link up B join to C.connect to D.connect with
第七单元知识小结 读准字音 拊．(fǔ)掌奴婢 ．．(nú bì)尾搐．(chù) 莱．茵河(lái)恬．静(tián)入场券．(quàn) 粼．粼(lín)飞奔．(bēn)驰骋．(chěnɡ)写对字形 曝:左窄右宽,右下的部件是“氺”。 盲:上面是“死亡”的“亡”,不要多加点。 茵:“口”的里面是“大”,不要写成“禾”。 多音字 曝pù(曝晒) 轴 zhóu(车轴) bào(曝光) zhòu(压轴) 弹dàn(子弹) 相 xiàng(亮相) tán(弹琴) xiāng(相信) 同音字 弦(琴弦)键(键盘) 舷(船舷)) 健(健康) 形近字 哉(善哉)巍(巍峨)锦(锦绣) 战(战斗) 魏(魏国) 绵(绵羊) 曝(曝晒)莱(蓬莱)缕(丝缕) 暴(暴躁) 荚(豆荚) 楼(楼房) 词语积累 无穷无尽波涛汹涌不可开交 约定俗成戛然而止轻歌曼舞
断断续续巧夺天工画龙点睛 惟妙惟肖栩栩如生行云流水 笔走龙蛇妙笔生花微波粼粼 词语搭配 (著名)的乐曲(幽静)的小路 (微弱)的烛光 (恬静)的脸庞 (优美)的姿态 (虚拟)的道具 (慢慢)地走进 (断断续续)的琴声 形容月光的词语:清冷的月光皎洁的月光明净的月光轻柔的月光朦胧的月光暗淡的月光轻盈的月光清幽的月光 近义词 纯熟—熟练恬静—安静陶醉—沉醉 美妙—美好驰骋—奔驰尴尬—难堪 虚拟—虚构呈现—展示 反义词 幽静—喧闹微弱—强烈纯熟—生疏 尴尬—从容虚拟—真实鲜明—隐晦 紧张—松弛显现—隐藏 词语仿写 表示时间短暂的词语:霎时间一刹那一瞬间一眨眼转眼间顷刻间弹指间 重点句段 1.方鼓琴而志在太山,锺子期曰:“善哉乎鼓琴,巍巍乎若太山。”少选之间 而志在流水,锺子期又曰:“善哉乎鼓琴,汤汤乎若流水。” “善哉乎鼓琴”是锺子期对伯牙高超琴艺的赞叹;“巍巍乎若太山”和“汤汤乎若流水”是锺子期对琴声的描述,表明他真正听懂了伯牙通过琴声表现出来的情怀。 2.锺子期死,伯牙破琴绝弦,终身不复鼓琴,以为世无足复为鼓琴者。 (1)这句话的意思是锺子期死后,伯牙摔坏所弹之琴,弄断琴弦,终身不再弹琴,认为世上再没有值得他为之弹琴的人了。这句话通过描写伯牙悲壮又感人的行为,表达了朋友间的深情厚谊。 (2)由于这个故事,人们把“高山流水”比喻知音难觅或乐曲高妙,便也有 《高山流水》的古筝曲。把“知音”比作理解自己的知心朋友,同自己有共同语言的人。用“破琴绝弦”比喻知音断绝。 3.古语有云:“耕当问奴,织当问婢。”不可改也。 这句话总结全文,指出从事每一种职业的人都有其擅长的方面,做事要多问 行家,以免出错。 4.皮鞋匠静静地听着。他好像面对着大海,月亮正从水天相接的地方升起来。微波粼粼的海面上,霎时间洒满了银光。月亮越升越高,穿过一缕一缕轻纱似的 微云。忽然,海面上刮起了大风,卷起了巨浪。被月光照得雪亮的浪花,一个连一个朝着岸边涌过来……
unit one achievement 成就，功绩 Joan of arc 圣女贞德 welfare 福利，福利事业 project项目，工程，规划 institute 学会，学院，协会 specialist专家，专业工作者 specialize专攻，专门从事 connection连接关系，连接 human being人 campaign运动，战役 landmine地雷 organization组织，机构，团体 behave举动，行为，表现 shade阴凉处 move off离开，启程，出发 worthwhile值得的，值得做的 next巢，窝 bond联系，关系，结合，纽带 observe观察，观测，遵守 childhood童年；幼年时代 outspoken直言的；坦诚的 respect尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue讨论；辩论；争论 argument争论；争辩；争吵entertainment款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 lead a…life过着……的生活 crowd人群；观众 crowd in（想法问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海 inspire鼓舞；激发；启示 inspiration灵感；鼓舞 support支持；拥护 look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起 refer谈到；查阅；参考 refer to查阅；参考；谈到 audience观众；听众；读者 by chance碰巧；凑巧 come across（偶然）遇见；碰见 career事业；生涯； rate比率；速度 sickness疾病；恶心 intend计划；打算 emergency突发事件；紧急情况generation一代；一倍 determination决心；果断 kindness仁慈；好意 considerate考虑周到的 consideration考虑；体谅 deliver递送；生（小孩儿）；接生 carry on继续；坚持 modest谦虚的；谦让的 unit two statistic数据，统计；统计数字；统计资料sunburn晒黑的 struggle斗争；拼搏；努力 decade十年；十年期 super特级的；超级的 hybrid混合的；杂种的 output产量；产出 strain（植物的）品种；种类 crop庄稼；农作物；产量 hunger饥饿；欲望 disturbing引起烦恼的；令人不安的expand使变大；伸展 circulate循环；流传 Vietnam越南（东南亚国家） thanks to幸亏；因为；由于 battle战役；战斗；较量；斗争 rid摆脱；除去 rid…of摆脱；除去 be satisfied with对……感到满意freedom自由；自主
Unit 4 Task 1 Words 1, tactful, 机智的，圆滑的。 2, expertise, 专门知识。 eg, The appropriate handing of a meeting depends on a chairman’s adequate preparations, expertise in the topic of the meeting and tactful chairing manners. 3, credential, 学术经历，成就。 eg, I am going to start by covering Randy’s academic credentials. 4, tenure, 长期聘用。 eg, He was granted tenure a year early at Shandong university. 5, delegate, 代表。Distinguished delegates. 6, reservoir, 水库。 eg, Everyone has an enormous untapped reservoir of potential. 7, exponentially, 以指数方式地。 eg，If you want to keep your wealth and grow it exponentially, please join me in …8, adjourned, 休会 eg, I declare the plenary session adjourned until tomorrow. 9, recital, 朗诵 biography, 传记 anecdotes, 轶事 eg, Avoid boring the audience with a long recital of the speaker’s biography or with a long series of anecdotes about your acquaintance with him. 10, prestige, 威望、声望 eg，The less well-known the speaker is, the more you will need to build up his prestige. 11, venue, 地点 eg, Be in attendance at the venue minutes. 12, rehearse, 排练 eg, You should rehearse your remarks several times before you chair a meeting. 13, podium, 乐队指挥台，讲台 eg, You should walk confidently to the podium, stand erect . 14, salute, 致敬，欢迎 e g, “Your Excellencies” used to salute a head or heads o f government present. 15, allotted, 分配的 eg, You should also indicate the allotted time for each presentation. 16, courteous, 有礼貌地，谦恭地 eg, A good chairperson needs to deal with unexpected events in a firm but courteous manner. 17, affiliated, 附属的，有关联的，就职于 eg, From 2000 to 2004, he was affiliated with the Institute for Social. 18, verse, 诗 crystallized, 趋于完美的
部编版六年级语文上册第七单元每课重点词语解释、诗词注释汇总 21.文言文二则 伯牙绝弦 伯牙绝弦：绝，断绝。伯牙因为子期死了，就把琴摔碎，再也不弹琴。比喻知己丧亡后，弃绝某种专长爱好，表示悼念。 善哉：太好了 若：好像 破琴：把琴摔碎 知音：理解自己心意、有共同语言的人。 复：再，重新 书戴嵩画牛 【原文】 书戴嵩画牛蜀中有杜处士，好书画，所宝以百数。有戴嵩《牛》一轴，尤所爱，锦囊玉轴，常以自随。一日曝书画，有一牧童见之，拊掌大笑曰：“此画斗牛也！牛斗力在角，尾搐入两股间。今乃掉尾而斗，谬矣！”处士笑而然之。古语云：“耕当问奴，织当问婢。”不可改也 【注释】 1选自《东坡志林》，作者苏轼（唐宋八大家之一，字子瞻，号东坡居士，四川人）。 2好：喜欢 3宝：珍藏 4锦囊玉轴：以玉为轴，用锦囊装起来。囊（náng）：袋子。此处指画套。 5曝：晒 6拊（fǔ)掌：拍手。 7搐（chù）：抽缩。 8掉尾：翘起尾巴。 9然：认为是对的。 10婢（bì）：女佣人。 【翻译】
四川有个杜处士，喜爱书画，他所珍藏的书画有几百种。其中有一幅是戴嵩画的牛，(杜处士)尤其珍爱。他用玉做了画轴，用锦囊装起来，经常随身带着。有一天，他摊开了书画晒太阳，有个牧童看见了戴嵩画的牛，拍手大笑着说：“这张画是画的斗牛啊！斗牛的力气用在角上，尾巴紧紧地夹在两腿中间。现在这幅画上的牛却是翘着尾巴在斗，错了！”杜处士笑笑，觉得他说得很有道理。古人有句话说：“耕种的事应该去问农民，织布的事应该去问女佣。”这个道理是不会改变的呀。 【鉴赏】 书戴嵩画牛告诉我们：要认真、仔细地观察事物，不能凭空想像。不能迷信权威，要从客观事实出发，要因事求人，大家都有自己的特长。 22.月光曲 谱写：写作（乐曲）等 幽静：偏僻、清静 断断续续：时断时续，本文指琴声不连贯。 纯熟：指功夫深，技能熟练 水天相接：水和天连接在一起 微波粼粼：微小的波浪闪闪发光 霎时间：极短的时间 恬静：很安静 陶醉：很满意地沉浸在某种境界或思想活动中。课文中指优美的琴声让兄妹俩听得入迷，似乎忘掉了周围的一切。 苏醒：昏迷后醒过来。课文中指穷兄妹俩从美妙的音乐中回过神来。 记录：把听到的话或发生的事写下来 23.京剧趣谈 驰骋：奔跑。 尴尬：处于两难境地无法摆脱。 彻底：通透到底。形容深透、完全而无所遗留。 虚拟：不符合或不一定符合事实的。
Unit 4 Earthquakes 重点词汇及短语 1.burst into +n =burst out doing 突然 ·····起来， burst into tears =burst out crying 2.as is known to everybody总所周知 3.be injured 受伤 4.cut across穿过横穿 5.as usual像往常一样 6.give out散发出精疲力竭 7.instead of 代替 8.give a speech演讲 9.put up shelters搭建避难 10.be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事 11.be proud of 以 ·····而自豪 12.the number of ·····的数量 13.in the open air 在户外 14.right away立刻 15.in ruins破败不堪成废墟16.dig out掘出 17.at an end 终结 18.a number of 许多大量的 19.too····· to·····太·····而不能 20.tens of thousands of 成千上万的 21.be trapped in =be caught in 被困在·····中 22.all ····· not····· = not all·····并非所有·····都 23.to the north of =north of 在·····的北面 24.be rescued from 被从·····解救出 25.be buried 被埋葬被埋藏 26.bury oneself in =be buried in 专心于埋头于 27.think little of 评价不高 think highly of 赞许给予较高评 28.as if 仿佛 20. be/ get shocked 震惊 21.at an end 终结 1) right away 立刻，马上 (= immediately / at once / right now / in no time ) 你必须马上交作业。 You must hand in your homework right away. 2) well n. 井 adv. 好；充分地 e.g. think well 充分思考 Learn it well. 好好地学。 adj. 健康的 You don’t look well. 你看上去气色不太好。 int. 好啦；好吧 vi./vt. 涌出；涌上 Tears welled up in her eyes. 泪水涌上她的双眼。 3) million n. 百万 具体数字 + million (单) + n. ...百万 (确数) millions of + n. 大量，无数，好几百万 (概数) (用法同billion, hundred, thousand等) 3百万美 元 3 million dollars 好几百万美元 millions of dollars 4) burst vi./vt. (burst, burst) （使）爆裂；(使）破裂；（使）爆 发 e.g. The balloon burst. 汽球爆破了。 He burst with anger. 他勃然大怒。