口译分类词汇教育word文档良心出品

汉英口译分类词汇（10）--教育文化词汇（大学）代理校长Acting President（大学）副校长Vice President（大学）校长President/Chancellor（大学）专科Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs （大学的）研究小组；讨论会seminar（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy（戏剧学院）表演系Acting Department（系）主任chairman; chairperson（小学）校长Head /Master（职工）子弟学校school for children of workers & staff members（中学）校长Principal爱国人士patriotic personage爱国主义教育education in patriotism百分制100-mark system班主任Class Discipline Adviser/Head Teacher办学效益efficiency in school management半工半读学校part-work and part-study school半文盲semiliterate; functional illiterate包分配guarantee job assignments被授权be authorized to do必修课required/compulsory course毕业典礼graduation ceremony; commencement毕业鉴定graduation appraisal毕业论文thesis; dissertation毕业设计graduation ceremony毕业生graduate毕业实习graduation field work毕业证书diploma; graduation certificate博士doctor (Ph.D)博士后post doctorate博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies补考make-up examination补习学校continuation school不及格fail材料工程系Department of Materials Engineering材料科学系Department of Materials Science财贸学校finance and trade school财政拨款financial allocation测量系Department of Survey成绩单school report; report card; transcript成人教育adult education成人学校adult school成人夜校night school for adults成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity,education and a sense of discipline初等教育elementary education初中junior middle school辍/失学青少年school dropout/leaver大学肆业生undergraduate德才兼备to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability 低年级学生lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades地理系Department of Geography地球物理系Department of Geophysics地质系Department of Geology电机工程系Department of Electrical Engineering电机制造学校electrical machinery school电力学校electric power school电视大学T.V. university电子系Department of Electronics雕塑系Department of Sculpture定向招生students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers东方语言学系Department of Oriental Languages & Literature动物学系Department of Zoology动员mobilize短训班short-term training course多学科的multi-disciplinary俄语系Department of Russian发挥学生主动性、创造性to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness 法律系Department of Law法语系French Language Department反复灌输inculcate纺织工程系Department of Textile Engineering纺织航海学校textile machinery school分数mark; grade分校branch school服务性行业service trade辅导员assistant for political and ideological work附中attached middle school附属中学attached middle school副教授associate professor副修minor副主任vice-chairman岗位培训undergo job-specific training高等教育higher/tertiary education高等学校institution of higher education高年级学生upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades高中senior middle school工程物理系Department of Engineering Physics工业大学polytechnic university工业工程系Department of Industrial Engineering工业管理系Department of Industrial Management工业设计系Department of Industrial Design工业学院engineering institute公费生government-supported student公开课open class共产主义道德品质communist ethics共产主义教育education in communism管理科学系Department of Management Science广播电视大学television and radio broadcasting university国画系Department of Tradition Chinese Painting国际关系系Department of International Relations国际经济系Department of International Economics国际劳工组织International Labor Organization国际贸易系Department of International Trade国际文化交流intercultural communication国际政治系Department of International Politics国际主义教育education in internationalism国家发明奖National Invention Prize国家教育经费national expenditure on education国家科技进步奖National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology国家统计局the State Statistical Bureau国家自然科学奖National Prize for Natural Sciences海洋学系Department of Oceanography函授大学correspondence college航海系Department of Navigation河流港湾工程系Department of River & Harbor Engineering 护理系Department of Nursing护士学校nurses' school化工学校chemical engineering school化学系Department of Chemistry环境工程学系Department of Environmental Engineering会计系Department of Accounting会计学校accountant school伙食补助food allowance伙食费board expenses机械工程系Department of Mechanical Engineering基本框架basic framework基础科学the fundamentals基础课basic course基金会foundation及格pass集体主义教育education in collectivism计算机学系Department of Computer Science记者招待会press conference技工学校school of technology寄宿生boarder家业经济系Department of Agricultural Economics假期工作vacation jobs坚持社会主义方向to keep to the socialist orientation兼职教授Part-time Professor建筑工程系Department of Architectural Engineering建筑工程学校building engineering school建筑学Department of Architecture讲师Lecturer/Instructor奖励rewards奖学金scholarship奖学金生prize fellow教材编写组Teaching Materials Writing Group教导主任Director of Teaching and教师进修学校teachers' college for vocational studies教授professor教书育人to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge教务长Dean/Director of Teaching Affairs, dean of studies教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production 教学大纲teaching program; syllabus教学内容content of courses教学人员the faculty; teaching staff教学组teaching group教研室/组teaching and research section/group教研室主任Head of the Teaching and Research Section教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。

义务教育英语课程标准词汇表（五级）Aa (an) art. 一（个、件）ability n. 能力；才能able a. 能够；有能力的about ad. 大概；各处；四周prep. 对于；在各处；四周above prep. 在上边；a.上边的；ad.在之上abroad a.& ad. 到（在）外国absent a. 缺席，不在accent n. 口音，音调accept vt. 接受accident n. 事故，不测的事ache n. 痛苦according to prep. 依据，依照achieve vt. 达到，获得across prep. 横过，穿过act n. 法律，条例 v. （戏）表演，饰演（角色），演出（戏）；行动，做事action n. 行动active a. 踊跃的，主动的activity n. 活动ad (缩 ) =advertisement n.广告actor n.男演员actress n.女演员add vt.增添，增添address n. 地点advantage n. 长处；利处adventure n. 冒险；奇遇advertise vt. 为做广告advertisement n. 广告advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议advise vt. 忠告，劝告，建议aeroplane n. (英)飞机afford vt. 负担得起（的花费）；抽得出（时间）；供应afraid a. 惧怕的；担忧Africa n. 非洲African a. 非洲的，非洲人的n. 非洲人after ad. 在后；此后prep. 在以后；在后面 conj. 在此后afternoon n. 下午，午后afterwards ad. 此后again ad. 再一次；再，又against prep. 对着，反对age n. 年纪；时代ago ad. 以前agree v. 赞同；应允agreement n. 赞同，一致；协议，协议AIDS n. 艾滋病air n. 空气；大气airline n. 航空企业；航空系统airplane n. （美）飞机airport n. 航空站，飞机场alive a. 活着的，存在的all ad. 所有地 a. 全（部）；所有的；总；整 pron. 所有；全体人员allow vt. 赞同，允许almost ad. 几乎，差不多alone a. 独自的，孤单的along ad. 向前；和一起；一起prep. 沿着；顺着aloud ad. 大声地already ad. 已经also ad. 也although conj. 固然，只管always ad. 老是；向来；永久am v. be 的人称形式之一ａ .m./am， A.M./AM n. 午前，上午America n. 美国；美洲American a. 美国的；美国人的n. 美国人among prep. 在中间；在（三个以上）之间ancient a. 古代的，古老的and conj. 和；又；而angry a. 生气的，愤慨的animal n. 动物another a. 再一；另一；其余；不一样的pron. 另一个answer n. 回答，回复；回信；答案v. 回答，答复；回信；（作出）答案ant n. 蚂蚁any pro n. （不论）哪一个；哪些任何的；（用于疑问句、否认句）一些；什么anybody pron. 任何人，不论谁anyone pro n. 任何人，不论谁anything pro n. 什么事（物）；任何事（物）anyway ad. 不论如何anywhere ad. 任何地方appear vi. 出现April n. 4 月baseball n. 棒球area n. 面积；地区，地方，地区；范围，领域basement n. 地下室arm n. 臂 , 支架basic a. 基本的army n. 军队basket n. 篮子around ad. 在四周；在周边 prep. 在四周；大basketball n. 篮球约bathroom n. 浴室，盥洗室arrive vi. 抵达；达到be v. 是（原形），其人称和时态形式有am, is, are, art n. 艺术，美术；技艺was, were, being, been；成为article n. 文章；东西，物件；冠词beach n. 海滨，海滩artist n. 艺术家bean n. 豆子；豆类植物as 像相同；仿佛；因为prep. 作bear n. 熊为，当成beat (beat, beaten) v. 敲打；跳动；打赢n. （音乐）Asia n. 亚洲节拍Asian a. 亚洲的，亚洲人的n. 亚洲人beautiful a. 美的，漂亮的，雅观的ask v. 问，咨询；恳求，要求；邀请because conj. 因为asleep a. 睡着的，酣睡become (became, be- come) v. 变得；成为assistant n. 助手，助理bed n. 床at prep. 在（几点钟）；在（某处）bedroom n. 寝室，寝室attend v. 参加，列席bee n.. 蜜蜂Atlantic a. 大西洋的beef n. 牛肉attention n. 注意，关怀before prep. 在以前；在前面ad. 以前August n. 8 月conj. 在以前beg v.恳求，恳求，乞讨aunt n. 伯母；舅母；婶；姑；姨v. 开始，着手Australia n. 澳洲；澳大利亚beginning n. 开始，初步Australian a. 澳洲的，澳大利亚人的n. 澳大利亚behaviour n. 行为，举止人behind prep. (表示地点 )在后边ad. 在后边；autumn n. 秋季，秋季向后available a. 可得的believe v. 相信，以为avoid v. 防止，躲开，躲避bell n. 钟，铃；钟 (铃 )声；钟形物awake (awoke, awo- ken) v. 唤醒醒着的below prep. 在下边away ad. 走开；远离beside prep. 在旁边；凑近awful a. 极坏的，极讨厌的besides prep. 除以外（还有）ad. 还有，此B 外baby n. 婴儿best（ good, well 的最高级）最好back ad. 回（原处）；向后 a. 后边的 n. 背后，后的；最好地，最部；背better (good, well 的比较级) a.& ad. 较好的，更background n. 背景好的；好些；更好地；更，更多backward(s) ad. 向后between prep. 在中间bad (比较级 worse, 最高等 worst) a. 坏的；有害beyond prep. (表示地点 ) 在的那处的，不利的；严重的big a. 大的bag n. 书包；提包；袋子bike n. 自行车（ = bicycle ）ball n. 球bill n.账单；法案，议案；（美）钞票，纸币balloon n. 气球bird n. 鸟bamboo n. 竹birth n. 出生；出生banana n. 香蕉birthday n. 诞辰bank1 n. （河、海、湖的）岸，堤biscuit n. 饼干bank2 n. 银行bit n. 一点，一些，少许的bitter a. 有苦味的；悲伤的，悲伤的；严酷的black n. 黑色 a. 黑色的blackboard n. 黑板blind a. 瞎的blook n. 街段；街区blood n. 血，血液blouse n. 宽松的上衣；女装衬衫blow (blew, blown) v. 吹；起风；吹气blue1 n. 蓝色 a.蓝色的 blue2 a. 伤心的；丧气的board n. 木板；公告牌；委员会；（政府的）部 v. 上（船、火车、飞机）boat n. 小船，小舟body n. 身体book n. 书；簿本bored a. 无聊的；无聊的；恼人的boring a. 无聊的；令人讨厌的born a. 出生borrow v. （向他人）借用；借boss n. 领班；老板both a. 两；双 pro n. 二者；双方bottle n. 瓶子bottom n. 底部；底bowl n. 碗box n. 盒子，箱子boy n. 男孩brain n. 脑（子）brave a. 英勇的bread n. 面包break n. 空隙break (broke, bro- ken) v. 打破（断，碎）；破坏，扯开breakfast n. 早饭breath n. 气味；呼吸breathe vi. 呼吸bridge n. 桥bright a. 光明的；聪慧的bring (brought, brought) vt. 拿来，带来，取来Britain n. 英国；不列颠British n. 英国人 a. 英国的；英国人的；大不列颠的brother n. 兄；弟brown n. 褐色，棕色 a. 褐色的，棕色的brush v. 刷；擦n. 刷子build (built, built) v. 建筑；造building n. 建筑物；房子；大楼burn (-ed, -ed 或 burnt, burnt) v. 燃，烧，着火；使烧焦；使晒黑n. 烧伤；晒伤bus n. 公共汽车business n. （安分）工作，职业；职责；买卖，交易；事业busy a. 忙（碌）的but conj. 但是，但是butter n. 黄油，奶油butterfly n. 蝴蝶vt. 买by prep. 凑近，在旁；在时间；不迟于；被；用；由；乘（车）bye int. 再见Ccabbage n. 卷心菜，洋白菜cake n. 蛋糕，糕点；饼 calendarn. 日历；历法；日程表call n. 喊，叫；电话，通话v. 称号；呼喊；喊，叫camel n. 骆驼camera n. 照相机；摄像机camp n. （夏令）营vi. 野营；宿营can (could) can't = can not modal v. 可能；能够；可以不可以Canada n. 加拿大Canadian a. 加拿大的；加拿大人的n. 加拿大人cancel vt. 撤消cancer n. 癌candle n. 蜡烛candy n. 糖果cap n. （无檐的或仅在前面有檐的）帽子；（瓶子的）盖；（钢笔等的）笔套capital n. 国都，省会；大写；资本captain n. （海军）上校；船长，舰长；队长car n. 汽车，小卧车card 纸牌care n. 照顾，保护；当心v. 介怀，在意；关心careful a. 当心的，认真的，慎重的careless a. 马虎的，不以为意的carrot n. 胡萝卜carry vt. 拿，搬，带，提，抬，背，抱，运等cartoon n. 卡通片；动画片cat n. 猫v. 接住；捉住；追上；染上（疾病）cause n. 原由，因由vt. 促进，惹起，使发生CD 光盘 (compact disk 的缩写 )CD-ROM信息储存光盘(compact diskmemory 的缩写 )ceiling n. 天花板，顶棚celebrate v. 庆贺cent n. 美分（ 100 cents = 1 dollar ）central a. 中心的，中央的centre (美 center ) n. 中心，中央century n. 世纪，百年certain a. （未指明真切名称的）某；确立的，无疑的；必定会certainly ad. 自然；行（用于回答）；必然chair n. 椅子chairman n. 主席，会长；议长chairwoman n. 女主席 , 女会长；女议长chalk n. 粉笔chance n. 时机，可能性change v. 改变，变化；改换；兑换chant n. & vcheap a. 廉价的，贱cheat v. 欺骗，利用；舞弊check n. 检查；批阅 vt. 校正，查对；检查；批改cheer n. & 喝彩；喝采Cheer up 抖擞起来！提起精神！cheese n. 奶酪chemistry n. 化学chess n. 棋chest n. 箱子；盒子；胸部chicken n. 鸡；鸡肉child ( 复 children) n. 孩子，少儿China n. 中国Chinese a. 中国的；中国人的；中国话的，汉语的n.中国人；中国话，汉语，中文chocolate n. 巧克力choice n. 选择；决断choose (chose, cho- sen) vt. 选择chopsticks n. 筷子Christmas n. 圣诞节（ 12 月 25 日）Christmas card 圣诞卡Christmas tree 圣诞树Christmas Eve 圣诞（前）夜church n. 教堂；教会cinema n. 电影院；电影circle n. vt. 圆圈将圈起来city n. 市，城市，都市clap vi. 拍手；鼓掌class n. （学校里的）班；年级；课classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室clean vt. 弄洁净，擦洁净 a. 洁净的，洁净的clear a. 清楚的；光明的；清楚的clever a. 聪慧的，机灵的climb v. 爬，登攀clock n. 钟clone n.克隆（无性生殖出来的有机体群）close1 a. 亲近的；近，凑近ad. 近，凑近close2 vt. 关，封闭clothes n. 衣服；各样衣物cloud n. 云；云状物；暗影cloudy a. 多云的，阴天的club n. 俱乐部；纸牌中的梅花coach n. 教练；马车；长途车coal n. 煤；煤块coast n. 海岸；海滨coat n. 外衣；涂层；表皮；皮毛coffee n. 咖啡coin n. 硬币Coke n. 爽口可乐cold a. 冷的，寒的n. 严寒；感冒，伤风collect vt. 采集，采集college n. 学院；专科学校colour ( 美 color) n. 颜色vt. 给着色，涂色come (came, come) vi. 来，到达comfortable a. 舒畅的；安适的；舒畅自在的common a. 一般的，一般的；共有的communicate v. 交际；传达（感情，信息等）communication n. 交际；交往；通信community n. 社区；集体company n. 企业compare vt. 比较，比较competition n. 比赛，比赛complete a. 达成的vt. 达成，结束composition n. 作文；作曲computer n. 电子计算机concert n. 音乐会；演奏会condition n. 条件，状况conference n. （正式的）会议；谈论connect vt. 连结，把联系起来consider vt. 考虑continue vi. 连续control vt. 控制conversation n. 发言，谈话cook n. 炊事员，厨师v. 烹饪，做饭cookie n. 饼干；小甜点cooker n. 炊具 (锅、炉灶、烤炉等 )cool a. 凉的，凉快的；酷copy n. 手本，副本；一本（份，册）v. 抄写；复印；（计算机用语）拷（备份盘）corn n. （美）玉米；（英）谷物corner n. 角；角落；拐角correct v. 更正；纠正 a. 正确的，对的；适合的cost n. 价钱cost (cost, cost) v. 值（多少钱）；花销cotton n. 棉花 a. 棉花的cough n.& vi. 咳嗽（can 的过去式）能够；（表示赞同或恳求）能够，行count vt. 数，点数country n. 国家；乡村，乡间countryside n. 乡间，乡村couple n. 夫妻，一对courage n. 勇气；胆略course n. 过程；经过；课程cousin n. 堂（表）兄弟，堂（表）姐妹cover n. 盖子；罩v. 覆盖，掩饰；掩饰cow n. 母牛，奶牛crayon n 蜡笔；蜡笔划crazy a. 疯狂的create vt. 创建；造成cross n. 十字形的东西vt. 超出；穿过crossing n. 十字路口，人行横道cruel a. 残忍的，残忍的；无情的cry n. 叫唤；哭声v. 喊叫；哭culture n. 文化cup n. 茶杯customer n. 顾客cut (cut, cut) v. n. 切，剪，削，割伤口cute a. 可爱的；漂亮的；聪慧的Ddad = daddy n. （口语）爸爸，爹爹daily a. 每天的；平时的ad. 每天n. 日报dance n.& vi. 跳舞danger n. 危险dangerous a. 危险的（后接不带 to 的不定式；主要用于疑问，否认或条件句）敢，敢于dark n. 黑暗；暗处；日暮 a. 黑暗的；黯淡的；深色的date n. 日期；约会daughter n. 女儿day n. （一）天，（一）日；白日dead a. 死的；无生命的deaf a. 聋的deal n. 量，数额；交易 v. 办理dear1 int. （表示惊讶等）哎呀！唷！dear2 a. 亲爱的；贵的death n. 死December n. 12 月decide v. 决定；下信心decision n. 决定；信心deep a. 深 ad. 深；深沉degree n. 程度；度数；学位delicious a. 美味的，爽口的dentist n. 牙科医生depend vi. 依靠，依靠，期望；取决于describe vt. 描绘，表达desk n. 书桌，写字台develop v. （使）发展；（使）发达；（使）发育；开发vt. 冲刷（照片）development n. 发展，发达，发育，开发dialogue ( 美 dialog) n. 对话diary n. 日志；日志簿dictionary n. 词典，词典die v. 死difference n. 不一样different a. 不一样的，有差别的difficult a. 难的；困难的；不易相处的difficulty n. 困难，费劲dig (dug, dug) v. 挖（洞、沟等）；掘dining n. 吃饭；就餐dinner n. 正餐，宴会direct a. vt. 直接的；直抵的；斩钉截铁的指挥；指导；监察；管理；指挥（演奏）；导演（电影）direction n. 方向；方向director n. 所长，处长，主任；董事；导演dirty a. 脏的discover vt. 发现discovery n. 发现discuss vt. 谈论，谈论discussion n. 谈论，争辩disease n. 病，疾病dish n. 盘，碟；盘装菜；盘形物dismiss vt. 让走开；驱散；解散；辞退disturb vt. 搅乱；打搅divide vt. 分，区分做，干（用以组成疑问句及否认句。

Lesson1excuse[ik'skju:z] v.原谅me[mi:, mi] pron.我(宾格)yes[jes] ad.是的is[iz, s, z, əz] v.be动词现在时第三人称单数this[ðis] pron.这your[jə:, jɔ:, jər, jɔ:r] 你的，你们的handbag['hændbæg] n.(女用)手提包pardon['pɑ:dən] int.原谅，请再说一遍it[it] pron.它thank you感谢你(们)very much非常地Lesson2pen[pen] n.钢笔pencil['pensl] n.铅笔book[buk] n.书watch[wɔtʃ] n.手表coat[kəut] n.上衣，外衣dress[dres] n.连衣裙skirt[skə:t] n.裙子shirt[ʃə:t] n.衬衣car[kɑ:] n.小汽车house[haus] n.房子Lesson3umbrella[ʌm'brelə] n.伞please[pli:z] int.请here[hiə] ad.这里my[mai]我的ticket['tikit] n.票number['nʌmbə] n.号码five[faiv] num.五sorry['sɔri] a.对不起的sir[sə:] n.先生cloakroom['kləukru:m] n.衣帽存放处Lesson4suit[su:t, sju:t] n.一套衣服school[sku:l] n.学校teacher['ti:tʃə] n.老师son[sʌn] n.儿子daughter['dɔ:tə] n.女儿Lesson5Mr. ['mistə]先生good[gud] a.好morning['mɔ:niŋ] n.早晨Miss[mis]小姐new[nju:] a.新的student['stju:dənt] n.学生French[frentʃ] a.& n.法国人German['dʒə:mən] a.& n.德国人nice['nais] a.美好的meet[mi:t] v.遇见Japanese[ˌdʒæpə'ni:z] a.& n.日本人Korean[kə'riən] a.& n.韩国人Chinese[ˌtʃai'ni:z] a.& n.中国人too[tu:] ad.也Lesson6make[meik] n.(产品的)牌号Swedish['swi:diʃ] a.瑞典的English['iŋgliʃ] a.英国的American[ə'merikən] a.美国的Italian[i'tæliən] a.意大利的Volvo['vɔlvəʊ] n.沃尔沃Peugeot n.标致Mercedes['mə:sidi:z] n.梅赛德斯Toyota['təʊjəʊtə] n.丰田Daewoo n.大宇Mini['mini] n.迷你Ford[fɔ:d] n.福特Fiat['faiæt, -ət] n.菲亚特Lesson7I[ai] pron.我am[m, əm, æm] v.be动词现在时第一人称单数are[ɑ:] v.be动词现在时复数name['neim] n.名字what[wɔt, wɑ:t] a.& pron.什么nationality[ˌnæʃə'næliti] n.国籍job[dʒɔb] n.工作keyboard['ki:bɔ:d] n.电脑键盘operator['ɔpəreitə] n.操作人员engineer[ˌendʒi'niə] n.工程师Lesson8policeman[pə'li:smən] n.警察policewoman[pə'li:s,wumən] n.女警察taxi driver出租汽车司机air hostess空中小姐postman['pəustmən] n.邮递员nurse[nə:s] n.护士mechanic[mi'kænik] n.机械师hairdresser['heəˌdresə] n.理发师housewife['hauswaif] n.家庭妇女milkman['milkmən] n.送牛奶的人Lesson9hello[hə'ləu] int.喂(表示问候)hi[hai] int.喂，嗨how[hau] ad.怎样today[tə'dei] ad.今天well[wel] a.身体好fine[fain] a.美好的thanks[θæŋks] int.谢谢goodbye[ˌgud'bai] int.再见see[si:] v.见Lesson10fat[fæt] a.胖的woman['wumən] n.女人thin[θin] a.瘦的tall[tɔ:l] a.高的short[ʃɔ:t] a.矮的dirty['də:ti] a.脏的- 1 -clean[kli:n] a.干净的hot[hɔt] a.热的cold[kəuld] a.冷的old[əuld] a.老的young[jʌŋ] a.年轻的busy['bizi] a.忙的lazy['leizi] a.懒的Lesson11whose[hu:z] pron.谁的blue[blu:] a.蓝色的perhaps[pə'hæps] ad.大概white[wait] a.白色的catch[kætʃ] v.抓住Lesson12father['fɑ:ðə] n.父亲mother['mʌðə] n.母亲blouse[blauz] n.女衬衫sister[sistə] n.姐，妹tie[tai] n.领带brother['brʌðə] n.兄，弟his[hiz]他的her[hə:]她的Lesson13colour['kʌlə] n.颜色green[gri:n] a.绿色come[kʌm] v.来upstairs[ˌʌp'steəz] ad.楼上smart[smɑ:t] a.时髦的，巧妙的hat[hæt] n.帽子same[seim] a.相同的lovely['lʌvli] a.可爱的，秀丽的Lesson14case[keis] n. 箱子carpet['kɑ:pit] n. 地毯dog[dɔg] n. 狗Lesson15Customs['kʌstəmz] n. 海关officer['ɔfisə] n. 官员girl[gə:l] n. 女孩，姑娘Danish['deiniʃ] a.& n. 丹麦人friend['deiniʃ] a.& n. 丹麦人Norwegian[nɔ:'wi:dʒən] a.& n. 挪威人passport['pɑ:spɔ:t] n. 护照brown[braun] a. 棕色的tourist['tuərist] n. 旅游者Lesson16Russian['rʌʃən] a.& n. 俄罗斯人Dutch[dʌtʃ] a.& n. 荷兰人these[ði:z] pron. 这些(this的复数) red[red] a. 红色的grey[grei] a. 灰色的yellow['jeləu] a. 黄色的black[blæk] a. 黑色的orange['ɔrindʒ] a. 橘黄色的Lesson17employee[im'plɔi-i:] n.雇员hard-working['hɑ:dwə:kiŋ] a. 勤奋的sales reps推销员man[mæn] n. 男人office['ɔfis] n. 办公室assistant[ə'sistənt] n. 助手Lesson19matter['mætə] n. 事情children['tʃildrən] n. 孩子们(child的复数) tired['taiəd] a. 累，疲乏boy[bɔi] n. 男孩thirsty['θə:sti] a. 渴mum['mʌm] n. 妈妈(儿语)sit down[ˌsit'daun] 坐下right[rait] a. 好，可以ice cream[ˌais'kri:m] 冰淇淋Lesson20big[big] a.大的small[smɔ:l] a.小的open['əupən] a.开着的shut[ʃʌt] a.关着的light[lait] a.轻的heavy['hevi] a.重的long[lɔŋ] a.长的shoe[ʃu:] n.鞋子grandfather['grændˌfɑ:ðə] n.祖父，外祖父grandmother['grænˌmʌðə] n.祖母，外祖母Lesson21give[giv] v. 给one[wʌn] pron. 一个which[witʃ] 哪一个Lesson22empty['empti] a.空的full[ful] a.满的large[lɑ:dʒ] a.大的little['litl] a.小的sharp[ʃɑ:p] a.尖的，锋利的small[smɔ:l] a.小的big[big] a.大的blunt[blʌnt] a.钝的box[bɔks] n.盒子，箱子glass[glɑ:s] n.杯子cup[kʌp] n.茶杯bottle['bɔtl] n.瓶子tin[tin] n.罐头knife[naif] n.刀子fork[fɔ:k] n.叉子Lesson23on[ɔn] prep. 在…之上shelf[ʃelf] n. 架子，搁板Lesson24desk[desk] n.课桌table['teibəl] n.桌子- 2 -plate[pleit] n.盘子cupboard['kʌbəd] n.食橱cigarette[ˌsigə'ret] n.香烟television['teliˌviʒən, ˌteli'viʒən] n.电视机floor[flɔ:] n.地板dressing table梳妆台magazine[ˌmægə'zi:n] n.杂志bed[bed] n.床newspaper['nju:sˌpeipə] n.报纸stereo['steriəu, 'stiər-] n.立体声音响Lesson25Mrs. ['misiz]夫人kitchen['kitʃin] n.厨房refrigerator[ri'fridʒəreitə] n.电冰箱right[rait] n.右边electric[i'lektrik] a.带电的，可通电的left[left] n.左边cooker['kukə] n.炉子，炊具middle['midl] n.中间of[əv, ə, ɔv] prep.(属于)…的room[ru:m] n.房间cup[kʌp] n.杯子Lesson26where[weə] ad.在哪里in[in] prep.在…里Lesson27living room['liviŋru:m]客厅near[niə] prep.靠近window['windəu] n.窗户armchair['ɑ:mtʃeə] n.手扶椅door[dɔ:] n.门picture['piktʃə] n.图画wall[wɔ:l] n.墙Lesson28trousers['trauzəz] n.〔复数〕长裤Lesson29shut[ʃʌt] v.关门bedroom['bedrum, -ru:m] n.卧室untidy[ˌʌn'taidi] a.乱，不整齐must[mʌst] moda l verb.必须，应该open['əupən] v.打开air[eə] v.使…通风，换换空气put[put] v.放置clothes[kləuðz] n.衣服wardrobe['wɔ:drəub] n.大衣柜dust[dʌst] v.掸掉灰尘sweep[swi:p] v.扫Lesson30empty['empti] v.倒空，使…变空read[ri:d] v.读sharpen['ʃɑ:pən] v.削尖，使锋利put on[ˌput'ɔn]穿上take off脱掉turn on[tə:nɔn]开(电灯) turn off关(电灯)Lesson31garden['gɑ:dn] n.花园under['ʌndə] prep.在…之下tree[tri:] n.树climb[klaim] v.爬，攀登who[hu:] pron.谁run[rʌn] v.跑grass[grɑ:s] n.草，草地after['ɑ:ftə] prep.在…之后cat[kæt] n.猫Lesson32type[taip] v.打字letter['letə] n.信basket['bɑ:skit] n.篮子eat[i:t] v.吃bone[bəun] n.骨头clean[kli:n] v.清洗tooth[tu:θ] n.牙齿cook[kuk] v.做(饭菜)milk[milk] n.牛奶meal[mi:l] n.饭，一顿饭drink[driŋk] v.喝tap[tæp] n.(水)龙头Lesson33day[dei] n.日子cloud[klaud] n.云sky[skai] n.天空sun[sʌn] n.太阳shine[ʃain] v.照耀with[wið, wiθ] prep.和…在一起family['fæməli] n.家庭(成员)walk[wɔ:k] v.走路，步行over['əuvə] prep.跨越，在…之上bridge[bridʒ] n.桥boat[bəut] n.船river['rivə] n.河ship[ʃip] n.轮船aeroplane['eərəplein] n.飞机fly[flai] v.飞Lesson34sleep[sli:p] v.睡觉shave[ʃeiv] v.刮脸cry[krai] v.哭，喊wash[wɔʃ] v.洗wait[weit] v.等jump[dʒʌmp] v.跳Lesson35photograph['fəutəgrɑ:f] n.照片village['vilidʒ] n.村庄valley['væli] n.山谷between[bi'twi:n] prep.在…之间hill[hil] n.小山another[ə'nʌðə] prep.另一个- 3 -wife[waif] n.妻子along[ə'lɔŋ] prep.沿着bank[bæŋk] n.河岸water['wɔ:tə] n.水swim[swim] v.游泳across[ə'krɔs] prep.横过building['bildiŋ] n.大楼，建筑物park[pɑ:k] n.公园into['intu, 'intə] prep.进入Lesson36beside[bi'said] prep.在…旁off[ɔf] prep.离开Lesson37work[wə:k] v.工作hard['hɑ:d] ad.努力地make[meik] v.做bookcase['buk-keis] n.书橱，书架hammer['hæmə] n.锤子paint[peint] v.上漆，涂pink[piŋk] n.& a.粉红色favourite['feivərit] a.最喜欢的Lesson38homework['həumwə:k] n.作业listen['lisən] v.听dish[diʃ] n.盘子，碟子Lesson39front[frʌnt] n.前面in front of在…之前careful['keəful] a.小心的，仔细的vase[vɑ:z, veis, veiz] n.花瓶drop[drɔp] v.掉下flower['flauə] n.花Lesson40show[ʃəu] v.给…看send[send] v.送给take[teik] v.带给Lesson41cheese[tʃi:z] n.乳酪，干酪bread[bred] n.面包soap[səup] n.肥皂chocolate['tʃɔklit] n.巧克力sugar['ʃugə] n.糖coffee['kɔfi] n.咖啡tea[ti:] n.茶tobacco[tə'bækəu] n.烟草，烟丝Lesson42bird[bə:d] n.鸟any['eni] det.一些some[sʌm] det.一些Lesson43of course[əv'kɔ:s]当然kettle['ketl] n.水壶behind[bi'haind] prep.在…后面teapot['ti:pɔt] n.茶壶now[nau] ad.现在，此刻find[faind] v.找到boil[bɔil] v.沸腾，开Lesson45can[kæn]能够boss[bɔs] n.老板，上司minute['minit, mai'nju:t] n.分(钟) ask[ɑ:sk] v.请求，要求handwriting['hændˌraitiŋ] n.书写terrible['terəbəl] a.糟糕的，可怕的Lesson46lift[lift] v.拿起，搬起，举起cake[keik] n.饼，蛋糕biscuit['biskit] n.饼干Lesson47like[laik] v.喜欢，想要want[wɔnt, wɑ:nt] v.想Lesson48fresh[freʃ] a.新鲜的egg[eg] n.鸡蛋butter['bʌtə] n.黄油pure[pjuə] a.纯净的honey['hʌni] n.蜂蜜ripe[raip] a.成熟的banana[bə'nɑ:nə] n.香蕉jam[dʒæm] n.果酱sweet[swi:t] a.甜的orange['ɔrindʒ] n.橙Scotch whisky苏格兰威士忌choice[tʃɔis] a.上等的，精选的apple['æpəl] n.苹果wine[wain] n.酒，果酒beer[biə] n.啤酒blackboard['blækbɔ:d] n.黑板Lesson49butcher['butʃə] n.卖肉的meat[mi:t] n.(食用)肉beef[bi:f] n.牛肉lamb[læm] n.羔羊肉husband['hʌzbənd] n.丈夫steak[steik] n.牛排mince[mins] n.肉馅，绞肉chicken['tʃikin] n.鸡tell[tel] v.告诉truth[tru:θ] n.实情either['aiðə] ad.也(用于否定句) Lesson50tomato[tə'mɑ:təu] n.西红柿potato[pə'teitəu] n.土豆cabbage['kæbidʒ] n.卷心菜lettuce['letis] n.莴苣pea[pi:] n.豌豆bean[bi:n] n.豆角- 4 -pear[peə] n.梨grape[greip] n.葡萄peach[pi:tʃ] n.桃Lesson51Greece[gri:s] n.希腊climate['klaimit] n.气候country['kʌntri] n.国家pleasant['plezənt] a.宜人的weather['weðə] n.天气spring[spriŋ] n.春季windy['windi] a.有风的warm[wɔ:m] a.温暖的rain[rein] v.下雨sometimes['sʌmtaimz] ad.有时summer['sʌmə] n.夏天autumn['ɔ:təm] n.秋天winter['wintə] n.冬天snow[snəu] v.下雪January['dʒænjuəri] n.月February['februəri] n.月March[mɑ:tʃ] n.月April['eiprəl] n.月May[mei] n.月June[dʒu:n] n.月July[dʒu'lai] n.月August['ɔ:gəst] n.月September[sep'tembə] n.月October[ɔk'təubə] n.月November[nəu'vembə] n.月December[di'sembə] n.月Lesson52the U.S. 美国Brazil[brə'zil] n.巴西Holland['hɔlənd] n.荷兰England['iŋglənd] n.英国France['fræns] n.法国Germany['dʒə:məni] n.德国Italy['itəli] n.意大利Norway['nɔ:wei] n.挪威Russia['rʌʃə] n.俄罗斯Spain[spein] n.西班牙Sweden['swi:dn] n.瑞典Lesson53mild[maild] a.温和的，温暖的always['ɔ:lweiz] ad.总是north[nɔ:θ] n.北方east[i:st] n.东方wet[wet] a.潮湿的west[west] n.西方south[sauθ] n.南方season['si:zən] n.季节best[best] ad.最night[nait] n.夜晚rise[raiz] v.升起early['ə:li] ad.早set[set] v.(太阳)落下去late[leit] ad.晚，迟interesting['intristiŋ] a.有趣的，有意思的subject['sʌbdʒikt] n.话题conversation[ˌkɔnvə'seiʃən] n.谈话Lesson54Australia[ɔ'streiliə] n.澳大利亚Australian[ɔ'streiliən] n.澳大利亚人Austria['ɔstriə] n.奥地利Austrian['ɔstriən] n.奥地利人Canada['kænədə] n.加拿大Canadian[kə'neidiən] n.加拿大人China['tʃainə] n.中国Finland['finlənd] n.芬兰Finnish['finiʃ] n.芬兰人India['indiə] n.印度Indian['indiən] n.印度人Japan[dʒə'pæn] n.日本Nigeria[nai'dʒiəriə] n.尼日利亚Nigerian[nai'dʒiəriən] n.尼日利亚人Turkey['tə:ki] n.土耳其Turkish['tə:kiʃ] n.土耳其人Korea[kə'riə, kɔ(:)'riə] n.韩国Polish['pəuliʃ] n.波兰人Poland['pəulənd] n.波兰Thai[tai] n.泰国人Thailand['tailænd] n.泰国Lesson55live[liv] v.住，生活stay[stei] v.呆在，停留home[həum] n.家ad.在家，到家housework['hauswə:k] n.家务lunch[lʌntʃ] n.午饭afternoon[ˌɑ:ftə'nu:n] n.下午usually['ju:ʒuəli, 'ju:ʒəli] ad.通常together[tə'geðə] ad.一起evening['i:vniŋ] n.晚上arrive[ə'raiv] v.到达night[nait] n.夜间Lesson57o'clock[ə'klɔk] ad.点钟shop[ʃɔp] n.商店moment['məumənt] n.片刻，瞬间Lesson59envelope['envələup] n.信封writing paper信纸shop assistant售货员size[saiz] n.尺寸，尺码，大小pad[pæd] n.信笺簿glue[glu:] n.胶水chalk[tʃɔ:k] n.粉笔change[tʃeindʒ] n.零钱，找给的钱Lesson61- 5 -feel[fi:l] v.感觉look[luk] v.看(起来)must[mʌst]必须call[kɔ:l] v.叫，请doctor['dɔktə] n.医生telephone['telifəun] n.电话remember[ri'membə] v.记得，记住mouth[mauθ] n.嘴tongue[tʌŋ] n.舌头bad[bæd] a.坏的，严重的cold[kəuld] n.感冒news[nju:z] n.消息headache['hedeik] n.头痛aspirin['æspərin] n.阿斯匹林earache['iəreik] n.耳痛toothache['tu:θeik] n.牙痛dentist['dentist] n.牙医stomach ache胃痛medicine['medsən] n.药temperature['tempərətʃə] n.温度flu[flu:] n.流行性感冒measles['mi:zəlz] n.麻疹mumps[mʌmps] n.腮腺炎Lesson63better['betə] a.形容词well的比较级certainly['sə:tənli] ad.当然get up[getʌp]起床yet[jet] ad.还，仍rich[ritʃ] a.油腻的food[fu:d] n.食物remain[ri'mein] v.保持，继续Lesson64play[plei] v.玩match[mætʃ] n.火柴talk[tɔ:k] v.谈话library['laibrəri] n.图书馆drive[draiv] v.开车so[səu] ad.如此地quickly['kwikli] ad.快地lean out of身体探出break[breik] v.打破Lesson65Dad[dæd] n.爸(儿语)key[ki:] n.钥匙baby['beibi] n.婴儿hear[hiə] v.听见enjoy[in'dʒɔi] v.玩得快活yourself[jə'self] pron.你自己ourselves[auə'selvz] pron.我们自己Lesson66myself[mai'self] pron.我自己themselves[ðəm'selvz] pron.他们自己himself[him'self] pron.他自己herself[hə:'self] pron.她自己Lesson67greengrocer['gri:nˌgrəusə] n.蔬菜水果零售商absent['æbsənt, əb'sent] a.缺席的Monday['mʌndi] n.星期一Tuesday['tju:zdi:, 'tu:z-] n.星期二Wednesday['wenzdi] n.星期三Thursday['θə:zdi]星期四keep[ki:p] v.(身体健康)处于(状况)spend[spend] v.度过weekend['wi:kend, ˌwi:k'end] n.周末Friday['fraidi] n.星期五Saturday['sætədi] n.星期六Sunday['sʌndi] n.星期日country['kʌntri] n.乡村lucky['lʌki] a.幸运的Lesson68church[tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂dairy['deəri] n.乳品店baker['beikə] n.面包师傅grocer['grəusə] n.食品杂货商Lesson69year[jiə, jə:] n.年race[reis] n.比赛town[taun] n.城镇crowd[kraud] n.人群stand[stænd] v.站立exciting[ik'saitiŋ] a.使人激动的just[dʒʌst] ad.正好，恰好finish['finiʃ] n.结尾，结束winner['winə] n.获胜者behind[bi'haind] prop.在…之后way[wei] n.路途Lesson71awful['ɔ:ful] ad.让人讨厌的，坏的telephone['telifəun] v.& n.打电话time[taim] n.次(数)answer['ɑ:nsə] v.接(电话)last[lɑ:st] a.最后的，前一次的phone[fəun] n.电话(=telephone) again[ə'gein] ad.又一次地say[sei] v.说Lesson73week[wi:k] n.周London['lʌndən] n.伦敦suddenly['sʌdnli] ad.突然地bus stop['bʌstɔp]公共汽车车站smile[smail] v.微笑pleasantly['plezntli] ad.愉快地understand[ˌʌndə'stænd] v.懂，明白speak[spi:k] v.讲，说hand[hænd] n.手pocket['pɔkit] n.衣袋phrasebook n.短语手册，常用语手册phrase[freiz] n.短语- 6 -slowly['sləuli] ad.缓慢地Lesson74hurriedly['hʌridli] ad.匆忙地cut[kʌt] v.割，切thirstily['θə:stili] ad.口渴地go[gəu] v.走greet[gri:t] v.问候，找招呼Lesson75ago[ə'gəu] ad.以前buy[bai] v.买pair[peə] n.双，对fashion['fæʃən] n.(服装的)流行式样uncomfortable[ʌn'kʌmftəbəl] a.不舒服的wear[weə] v.穿着Lesson77appointment[ə'pɔintmənt] n.约会，预约urgent['ə:dʒənt] a.紧急的，急迫的till[til] prep.直到…为止Lesson79shopping['ʃɔpiŋ] n.购物list[list] n.单子vegetable['vedʒtəbəl] n.蔬菜need[ni:d] v.需要hope[həup] v.希望thing[θiŋ] n.事情money['mʌni] n.钱Lesson80groceries['grəusəriz] n.食品杂货fruit[fru:t] n.水果stationery['steiʃənəri, -neri] n.文具newsagent['nju:zˌeidʒənt] n.报刊零售人chemist['kemist] n.化剂师，化学家Lesson81bath[bɑ:θ] n.洗澡nearly['niəli] ad.几乎，将近ready['redi] a.准备好的，完好的dinner['dinə] n.正餐，晚餐restaurant['restərɔnt] n.饭馆，餐馆roast[rəust] a.烤的Lesson82breakfast['brekfəst] n.早饭haircut['heəkʌt] n.理发party['pɑ:ti] n.聚会holiday['hɔlidi] n.假日Lesson83mess[mes] n.杂乱，凌乱pack[pæk] v.包装，打包，装箱suitcase['su:tkeis, 'sju:t] n.手提箱leave[li:v] v.离开already[ɔ:l'redi] ad.已经Lesson85Paris['pæris] n.巴黎cinema['sinimə] n.电影院film[film] n.电影beautiful['bju:tifəl] a.漂亮的city['siti] n.城市never['nevə] ad.从来没有ever['evə] ad.在任何时候Lesson87attendant[ə'tendənt] n.接待员bring[briŋ] v.带来，送来garage['gærɑ:ʒ] n.车库，汽车修理厂crash[kræʃ] n.碰撞lamp-post[læmp pəust]灯杆repair[ri'peə] v.修理try[trai] v.努力，设法Lesson89believe[bi'li:v] v.相信，认为may[mei] (用于请求许可)可以how long多长since[sins] prep.自从why[wai] ad.为什么sell[sel] v.卖，出售because[bi'kɔz] conj.因为retire[ri'taiə] v.退休cost[kɔst] v.花费pound[paund] n.英镑worth[wə:θ] prep.值…钱penny['peni] n.便士Lesson91still[stil] ad.还，仍旧move[mu:v] v.搬家miss[mis] v.想念，思念neighbour['neibə] n.邻居person['pə:sn] n.人people['pi:pl] n.人们poor[puə] a.可怜的Lesson93pilot['pailət] n.飞行员return[ri'tə:n] v.返回New York['nju: 'jɔ:k] n.纽约Tokyo['təukjəu] n.东京Madrid[mə'drid] n.马德里fly[flai] v.飞行Lesson94Athens['æθinz] n.雅典Berlin[bə:'lin] n.柏林Bombay[bɔm'bei] n.孟买Geneva[dʒi'ni:və] n.日内瓦Moscow['mɔskəu] n.莫斯科Rome[rəum] n.罗马Seoul[səul] n.汉城Stockholm['stɔkhoum] n.斯德哥尔摩Sydney['sidni] n.悉尼Lesson95return[ri'tə:n] n.往返train[trein] n.火车- 7 -platform['plætfɔ:m] n.站台plenty['plenti] n.大量bar[bɑ:] n.酒吧station['steiʃən] n.车站，火车站catch[kætʃ] v.赶上miss[mis] v.错过Lesson97leave[li:v] v.遗留describe[di'skraib] v.描述zip[zip] n.拉链label['leibəl] n.标签handle['hændl] n.提手，把手address[ə'dres] n.地址pence[pens] n.penny的复数形式belong[bi'lɔŋ] v.属于Lesson99ow[au] int.哎哟slip[slip] v.滑倒，滑了一脚fall[fɔ:l] v.落下，跌倒downstairs[ˌdaun'steəz] ad.下楼hurt[hə:t] v.伤，伤害，疼痛back[bæk] n.背stand up起立，站起来help[help] v.帮助at once[ət 'wʌns]立即sure[ʃuə] a.一定的，确信的X-ray['eksrei] n.X光透视Lesson101Scotland['skɔtlənd] n.苏格兰(英国) card[kɑ:d] n.明信片youth[ju:θ] n.青年hostel['hɔstəl] n.招待所，旅馆association[əˌsəusi'eiʃən] n.协会soon[su:n] ad.不久write[rait] v.写Lesson103exam[ig'zæm] n.考试pass[pɑ:s] v.及格，通过mathematics[ˌmæθə'mætiks] n.数学question['kwestʃən] n.问题easy['i:zi] a.容易的enough[i'nʌf] ad.足够地paper['peipə] n.考卷fail[feil] v.未及格，失败answer['ɑ:nsə] v.回答mark[mɑ:k] n.分数rest[rest] n.其他的东西difficult['difikəlt] a.困难的hate[heit] v.讨厌low[ləu] a.低的cheer[tʃiə] v.振作，振奋guy[gai] n.家伙，人top[tɔp] n.上方，顶部Lesson104clever['klevə] a.聪明的stupid['stju:pid] a.笨的cheap[tʃi:p] a.便宜的expensive[ik'spensiv] a.贵的fresh[freʃ] a.新鲜的stale[steil] a.变馊的low[ləu] a.低的，矮的loud[laud] a.大声的high[hai] a.高的hard['hɑ:d] a.硬的sweet[swi:t] a.甜的soft[sɔft] a.软的sour[sauə] a.酸的Lesson105spell[spel] v.拼写intelligent[in'telidʒənt] a.聪明的，有智慧的mistake[mis'teik] n.错误present[pri'zent, 'prezənt] n.礼物dictionary['dikʃənəri] n.词典Lesson106carry['kæri] v.携带correct[kə'rekt] v.改正，纠正Lesson107madam['mædəm] n.夫人，女士(对妇女的尊称) as well同样suit[su:t, sju:t] v.适于pretty['priti] a.漂亮的Lesson109idea[ai'diə] n.主意a little少许(用于不可数名词之前) teaspoonful['ti:spu:nful] n.一满茶匙less[les] a.(little的比较级)校少的，更小的a few几个(用于可数名词之前)pity['piti] n.遗憾instead[in'sted] ad.代替advice[əd'vais] n.建议，忠告Lesson110most[məust] a.(many,much的最高级)最多的least[li:st] a.(little的最高级)最小的，最少的best[best] a.(good的最高级)最好的worse[wə:s] a.(bad的比较级)更坏的worst[wə:st] a.(bad的最高级)最坏的Lesson111model['mɔdl] n.型号，式样afford[ə'fɔ:d] v.付得起(钱)deposit[di'pɔzit] n.预付定金instalment[in'stɔ:lmənt] n.分期付款price[prais] n.价格millionaire[ˌmiljə'neə] n.百万富翁Lesson113conductor[kən'dʌktə] n.售票员fare[feə] n.车费，车票change[tʃeindʒ] v.兑换(钱)note[nəut] n.纸币- 8 -passenger['pæsindʒə] n.乘客none[nʌn] pron.没有任何东西neither['naiðə, 'ni:ðə] ad.也不get off下车tramp[træmp] n.流浪汉except[ik'sept] prep.除…外Lesson115anyone['eniwʌn]pron.(用于疑问句，否定式)任何人knock[nɔk] v.敲，打everything['evriθiŋ] pron.一切事物quiet['kwaiət] a.宁静的，安静的impossible[im'pɔsəbəl] a.不可能的invite[in'vait] v.邀请anything['eniθiŋ] pron.任何东西nothing['nʌθiŋ] pron.什么也没有lemonade[ˌlemə'neid] n.柠檬水joke[dʒəuk] v.开玩笑Lesson116asleep[ə'sli:p] a.睡觉，睡着(用作表语) glasses['gla:siz] n.眼镜Lesson117dining room饭厅coin[kɔin] n.硬币mouth[mauθ] n.嘴swallow[swɔləu] v.吞下later['leitə] ad.后来toilet['tɔilit] n.厕所，盥洗室Lesson118ring[riŋ] v.响Lesson119story['stɔ:ri] n.故事happen['hæpən] v.发生thief[θi:f] n.贼enter['entə] v.进入dark[dɑ:k] a.黑暗的torch[tɔ:tʃ] n.手电筒voice[vɔis] n.(说话的)声音parrot['pærət] n.鹦鹉Lesson120exercise book练习本Lesson121customer['kʌstəmə] n.顾客forget[fə'get] v.忘记manager['mænidʒə] n.经理serve[sə:v] v.照应，服务，接待counter['kauntə] n.柜台recognize['rekəgnaiz] v.认识Lesson122road[rəud] n.路Lesson123during['djuəriŋ] prep.在…期间trip[trip] n.旅行travel['trævəl] v.旅行offer['ɔfə] v.提供job[dʒɔb] n.工作guess[ges] v.猜grow[grəu] v.长，让…生长beard[biəd] n.(下巴上的)胡子，络腮胡子Lesson124kitten['kitn] n.小猫Lesson125water['wɔ:tə] v.浇水terribly['terəbli] ad.非常dry[drai] a.干燥的，干的nuisance['nju:səns] n.讨厌的东西或人mean[mi:n] v.意味着，意思是surprise[sə'praiz] n.惊奇，意外的事Lesson126immediately[i'mi:diətli] ad.立即地Lesson127famous['feiməs] a.著名的actress['æktris] n.女演员at least至少actor['æktə] n.男演员read[ri:d] v.通过阅读得知Lesson129wave[weiv] v.招手track[træk] n.跑道mile[mail] n.英里overtake[ˌəuvə'teik] v.从后面超越，超车speed[spi:d]限速dream[dri:m] v.做梦，思想不集中sign[sain] n.标记，牌子driving licence['draiviŋ 'laisəns]驾驶执照charge[tʃɑ:dʒ] v.罚款darling['dɑ:liŋ] n.亲爱的(用作表示称呼) Lesson131Egypt['i:dʒipt] n.埃及abroad[ə'brɔ:d] ad.国外worry['wʌri] v.担忧Lesson133reporter[ri'pɔ:tə] n.记者sensational[sen'seiʃənəl]a.爆炸性的，耸人听闻的mink coat['miŋk-kəut]貂皮大衣Lesson135future['fju:tʃə] n.未来的get married结婚hotel[həu'tel] n.饭店latest['leitist] a.最新的introduce['intrə'dju:s] v.介绍Lesson137football['futbɔ:l] n.足球pool[pu:l] n.赌注win[win] v.赢world[wə:ld] n.世界poor[puə] a.贫穷的- 9 -depend[di'pend] v.依靠(on)Lesson139extra['ekstrə] a.额外的engineer[ˌendʒi'niə] n.工程师overseas[ˌəuvə'si:z] a.海外的，国外的engineering[ˌendʒi'niəriŋ] n.工程company['kʌmpəni] n.公司line[lain] n.线路Lesson141excited[ik'saitid] a.兴奋的get on登上middle-aged['midl'eidʒid] a.中年的opposite['ɔpəzit] prep.在…对面curiously['kjuəriəsli] ad.好奇地funny['fʌni] a.可笑的，滑稽的powder['paudə] n.香粉compact['kɔmpækt] n.带镜的化妆盒kindly['kaindli] ad.和蔼地ugly['ʌgli] a.丑陋的amused[ə'mju:zd] a.有趣的smile[smail] v.微笑embarrassed[im'bærəst] a.尴尬的，窘迫的Lesson142worried['wʌrid] a.担心，担忧regularly['regjuləli] ad.经常地，定期地Lesson143surround [sə'raund] v.包围wood [wud] n.树林beauty spot风景点hundred ['hʌndrid] n.百city ['siti] n.城市through [θru:] prep.穿过visitor ['vizitə] n.参观者，游客，来访者tidy ['taidi] a.整齐的litter ['litə] n.杂乱的东西litter basket废物筐place [pleis] v.放throw [θrəu] v.扔，抛rubbish ['rʌbiʃ] n.垃圾count[kaunt] v.数，点cover ['kʌvə] v.覆盖piece[pi:s] n.碎片tyre['taiə] n.轮胎rusty ['rʌsti] a.生锈的among [ə'mʌŋ] prep.在…之间prosecute['prɔsikju:t] v.依法处置★★Lesson1private['praivit] a.私人的conversation [kɔnvə'seiʃən] n.谈话theatre['θiətə] n.剧场，戏院seat [si:t] n.座位play [plei] n.戏loudly ['laudli] ad.大声地angry ['æŋgri] a.生气的angrily['æŋgrili] ad.生气地attention [ə'tenʃən] n.注意bear[beə] v.容忍business ['biznis] n.事rudely ['ru:dli] ad.无礼地，粗鲁地Lesson2until [ən'til, ʌn'til] prep.直到outside [aut'said] ad.外面ring [riŋ] v.(铃、电话等)响aunt [ɑ:nt] n.姑，姨，婶，舅妈repeat [ri'pi:t] v.重复Lesson3send [send] v.寄，送postcard ['pəustkɑ:d] n.明信片spoil [spɔil] v.使索然无味，损坏museum[mju:'ziəm] n.博物馆public ['pʌblik] a.公共的friendly ['frendli] a.友好的waiter ['weitə] n.服务员，招待员lend [lend] v.借给decision [di'siʒən] n.决定whole [həul] a.整个的single ['siŋgəl] a.唯一的，单一的Lesson4exciting [ik'saitiŋ] a.令人兴奋的receive [ri'si:v] v.接受，收到firm [fə:m] n.商行，公司different ['difrənt] a.不同的centre ['sentə] n.中心abroad [ə'brɔ:d] ad.在国外Lesson5pigeon [pidʒin] n.鸽子message ['mesidʒ] n.信息over ['əuvə] v.越过distance ['distəns] n.距离request [ri'kwest] n.要求，请求spare [speə] 备件service ['sə:vis] n.业务，服务Lesson6beggar ['begə] n.乞丐food [fu:d] n.食物pocket ['pɔkit] n.衣服口袋call [kɔ:l] v.拜访，光顾Lesson7detective [di'tektiv] n.侦探airport ['eəpɔ:t] n.机场expect [ik'spekt] v.期待，等待valuable ['væljuəbəl, -jubəl] a.贵重的parcel ['pɑ:sl] n.包裹diamond ['daiəmənd] n.钻石steal [sti:l] v.偷- 10 -main [mein] a.主要的airfield ['eəfi:ld] n.飞机起落的场地guard [gɑ:d] n.警戒，守卫precious ['preʃəs] a.珍贵的stone[stəun] n.石子sand[sænd] n.沙子Lesson8competition[ˌkɔmpi'tiʃən] n.比赛,竞赛neat [ni:t] a.整齐的，整洁的path [pɑ:θ] n.小路，小径wooden ['wudn] a.木头的pool [pu:l] n.水池Lesson9welcome ['welkəm] n.欢迎v.欢迎crowd [kraud] n.人群gather ['gæeə] v.聚集hand [hænd] n.(表或机器的)指针shout [ʃaut] v.喊叫refuse [ri'fju:z, ri'fju:s] v.拒绝laugh [lɑ:f] v.笑Lesson10jazz [dʒæz] n.爵士音乐musical ['mju:zikəl] a.音乐的instrument ['instrumənt] n.乐器clavichord ['klævikɔ:d] n.古钢琴recently ['ri:səntli] ad.最近damage ['dæmidʒ] v.损坏key [ki:] n.琴键string [striŋ] n.(乐器的)弦shock [ʃɔk, ʃɑk] v.使不悦或生气，震惊allow [ə'lau] v.允许，让touch [tʌtʃ] v.触摸Lesson11turn [tə:n] n.行为，举止deserve [di'zə:v] v.应得到，值得lawyer ['lɔ:jə] n.律师bank [bæŋk] n.银行salary['sæləri] n.工资immediately[i'mi:diətli] ad.立刻Lesson12luck [lʌk] n.运气，幸运captain ['kæptin] n.船长sail [seil] v.航行harbour ['ha:bə] n.港口proud[praud] a.自豪important [im'pɔ:tənt] a.重要的Lesson13group [gru:p] n.小组，团体pop singer流行歌手club [klʌb] n.俱乐部performance [pə'fɔ:məns] n.演出occasion [ə'keiʒən] n.场合Lesson14amusing [ə'mju:ziŋ] a.好笑的，有趣的experience [ik'spiəriəns] n.经历wave [weiv] v.招手lift [lift] n.搭便车reply [ri'plai] v.回答language ['læŋgwidʒ] n.语言journey ['dʒə:ni] n.旅行Lesson15secretary ['sekrətəri, -teri] n.秘书nervous ['nə:vəs] a.精神紧张的afford [ə'fɔ:d] v.负担得起weak [wi:k] a.弱的interrupt[ˌintə'rʌpt] v.插话，打断Lesson16park [pɑ:k] v.停放(汽车)traffic ['træfik] n.交通ticket ['tikit] n.交通法规罚款单note [nəut] n.便条area ['eəriə] n.地点sign [sain] n.指示牌reminder [ri'maində] n.指示fail [feil] v.无视，忘记obey [ə'bei] v.服从Lesson17appear [ə'piə] v.登场，扮演stage [steidʒ] n.舞台bright [brait] a.鲜艳的stocking ['stɔkiŋ] n.(女用)长筒袜sock [sɔk] n.短袜Lesson18pub [pʌb] n.小酒店landlord ['lændlɔ:d] n.店主bill [bil] n.帐单Lesson19hurry ['hʌri] v.匆忙ticket office售票处pity['piti] n.令人遗憾的事exclaim [ik'skleim] v.大声说return [ri'tə:n] v.退回sadly ['sædli] ad.悲哀地，丧气地Lesson20catch [kætʃ] v.抓到fisherman['fiʃəmən] n.钓鱼人，渔民boot [bu:t] n.靴子waste [weist] n.浪费realize ['riəlaiz] v.意识到Lesson21mad [mæd] a.发疯reason ['ri:zən] n.原因sum[sʌm] n.量determined [di'tə:mind] a.坚定的，下决心的Lesson22dream [dri:m] v.做梦，梦想age[eidʒ] n.年龄- 11 -。

基础口译分类词汇Unit 1subtracti on 减法 divisio n 除法 cube 立方体circle 圆圈biography 传记 editorial 社论in sta nt message !卩时消息suspe nsion 停学处分 freshma n 大一新生 junior 大三学生 bachelor 学士 faculty 教职员工preschool 幼儿园high school 中学生一. 数学 Addition 加法 Multiplicati on 乘法 Statistics 统计学 Sphere 球体 二. 文学 Fiction 小说 Autobiography 自传 Memo 备忘录Brain storm 头脑风暴三. 学校 Pupil 小学生High school stude nt 中学生Sophomore 大二学生 Senior 大四学生 Master 硕士 Prin cipal 校长Eleme ntary scho ol 小学 Vocati onal school 职校trade school 职校medical school 医学院Graduate school 研究生院Mathematics 数学Biology 生物Physics 物理Home econo mics 家政The applied scie nces应用自然科学Driving lice nse 驾照Unit 2Salary新金新水Allowance津贴零用钱Contract合同婚约The day shift 白班Overtime加班时间加班费Execution 实施Salesperson 售货员Medical assistant 医疗助理Pharmacist药剂师药商Instructor教师指导者subsidy补助金津贴weekly pay周薪周工资shift轮流上班的班次the night shift 夜班colleague 同事mechanic技工机械师astronaut宇航员photographer 摄影师supervisor 王管Adult school成人学校com munity college 社区学院geography 地理chemistry 化学Spanish西班牙语in dustry arts工业美术Carpenter 木工 三. 家庭Single-parent family 单亲家庭nuclear family 核心家庭（父母 Accommodation 膳宿Help wanted sign 招工告示 Occupation 职业 Commission 提成 An annual bonus 年度奖金 Curriculum vitae 履历简历 Overtime pay 超市工作津贴 cost of living allowance 生活津贝占Unit 3Gasoline 汽油 Accelerator 油门 Air bag 安全气囊 Emergency brake 紧急杀 U 车 Air conditioning 空调Subway=underground=metro 地铁plumber 水管工人+小孩） census 人口普查classified ad 分类广告 vocation 行业职务 a base salary 基 本工资 the board meeting 董事会 application form 申请表 meal allowance 膳食津贴oil 机油horn 汽车喇叭 steering wheel 方向盘 seat belt 安全带Moped 机动脚踏两用车 Sedan 轿车 Sports car 跑车 van 箱型车A mail van 油车 motorcycle=motorbike 摩托车Station wagon 旅游车 二.父通Curb-side check-in 检票 lounge 休息厅 Lane =driveway 车道 tunnel 隧道 Highway 公路 overpass 咼架桥 Crosswalk 斑马线 intersection 十字路口 Block 街区 one-way street 单行道 Traffic light 红绿灯traffic sign 交通标志Express highway 高速公路 pedestrian bridge 人行天桥 Taximeter =cab meter 出租车计费表 Bus fare 公车费 四.交通安全 commuter 通勤者Speeding 超速行驶 drunken driving 醉酒驾车 Jaywalk 乱穿马路 highway crash 公共交通事故 Accelerate 力口速 overtake 超车 Reverse 倒车transfer 转车/机LRT =Light Rail Transit /Transition轻轨Unit 4ferry 渡轮 convertible 敞篷车Restore the reclaimed land to forest 退耕还林 Petroleum 石油 Wind energy 风能 Nuclear energy 核能源a double-headed creature 有利也有弊的能源 hydroelectric power 水力发电acid rain 酸雨Industrial dust pollution 工业粉尘污染 Soil erosion 水土流失radioactive contamination 放射性污染Meadow 草地 Cliff 悬崖 二.环境保护 Carpool 拼车 Vegetation 植物 plateau 高原 canyon 峡谷Sewage disposal 污水处理soundproof 隔音的 low-carbon 低碳 conserve energy 节能petrol 汽油geothermal energy 地热能 solar energy 太阳能natural gas 天然气AerosoI 喷雾Tulip 郁金香forget-me-not 勿忘我Violet 紫罗兰 Cherry 樱桃 Holly 冬青树 Palm 棕榈树wreath 花圈 maple 枫树 pi ne 松树Unit 5social security 社会保障senior citize ns 老龄人口 退休人口 foreign enterprises 夕卜资企业 impulse buy 冲动购买 overestimate 高估be on bad terms with 与…不和 diplomatic 夕卜交的 service in dustry 服务业In flation 通货膨胀 Buying power of curre ncy Drunk driving 酒后驾车commercial housing 商品房Econo mic structural adjustme nt 经济结构调整Drug addiction 吸毒成瘾foo货币的购买力social stability 社会稳定 lifespa n 寿命stock market 股市 un derestimate 彳氐估 self-c on ceited 自视清高diversify 使多样化domestic 国内的d crisis食物危机Homosexuality 同性恋inco me distribution 收入分配maltreat 收入分配 robbery 抢劫vandalism 故意破坏公共财产 smuggling 走私Gen etic revoluti on 基因革命morally un acceptable 道德上不能接受的 integration 整合一体化tech no logical developme nt 科技发展 tech no logical revolutio n 科技革命 susta in able developme nt 可持续发展 intern ati onal cooperatio n 国际合作 in formati on tech no logy 信息技术 conven ti onal tech no logy 传统科技 常规技术 bus in ess model 商业模式 商务模式 localizati on 本土化 intern ati onal competiti on 国际竞争 technology drive 科技驱动科技推动 tech no logy import 技术进口 科技输入 ever-cha nging 日新月异的 不断变化的Unit 6Abortion 流产 Kidnap 绑架 Burglary 入室盗窃 Train derailment 火车出轨software 软件 laser prin ter 激光打印机 remote con trol 远程遥控 digital cameral 数码相机 video cameral 录影机criminology 犯罪学ecology 生态学 geology 地质学 zoology 动物学download 下载Information highway 信息高速公路 Pate nt 专利 firewall 防火墙unit 7Backache 背痛Sunburn 晒伤Floppy disk 软盘 Hardware 硬件 Charger 充电器 Headph one 耳机 Web cameral 摄像头 三. 科学学科 Anthropology 人类学 Archeology 考古学 Physiology 生理学 Biology 生物学 四. 网络paste 粘贴 Accou nt 账户Blister 水泡stomachache 胃疼sore throat 喉咙痛infection 感染cavity蛀洞hiccups 打嗝«><E o o e - AO U &①LU①平卑凶p 」eo ①o u a l ns u - w ^s E oo e - 6u ?E e M s ssno_edsM m A a)u o _s ^y s n sU 'O5>岸疊=①Eopqefclpeuj£sa6=三S 9①qQPfun«<卅E o o e -6£4e」① d o氏亠化£004£二匚4^U OK一」osald捺坦型三^>o u =o te ffi -s S M ^总s ① EOHSM'W p雯。

Lesson 11 private ['praivit] a.私人的2 conversation [kɔnvə'seiʃən] n.谈话3 theatre ['θiətə] n.剧场，戏院4 seat [si:t] n.座位5 play [plei] n.戏6 loudly ['laudli] ad.大声地7 angry ['æŋgri] a.生气的8 angrily ['æŋgrili] ad.生气地9 attention [ə'tenʃən] n.注意10 bear [beə] v.容忍11 business ['biznis] n.事12 rudely ['ru:dli] ad.无礼地，粗鲁地Lesson 21 until [ən'til, ʌn'til] prep.直到2 outside [aut'said] ad.外面3 ring [riŋ] v.(铃、电话等)响4 aunt [ɑ:nt] n.姑，姨，婶，舅妈5 repeat [ri'pi:t] v.重复Lesson 31 send [send] v.寄，送2 postcard ['pəustkɑ:d] n.明信片3 spoil [spɔil] v.使索然无味，损坏4 museum[mju:'ziəm] n.博物馆5 public ['pʌblik] a.公共的6 friendly ['frendli] a.友好的7 waiter ['weitə] n.服务员，招待员8 lend [lend] v.借给9 decision [di'siʒən] n.决定10 whole [həul] a.整个的11 single ['siŋgəl] a.唯一的，单一的Lesson 41 exciting [ik'saitiŋ] a.令人兴奋的2 receive [ri'si:v] v.接受，收到3 firm [fə:m] n.商行，公司4 different ['difrənt] a.不同的5 centre ['sentə] n.中心6 abroad [ə'brɔ:d] ad.在国外Lesson 51 pigeon [pidʒin] n.鸽子2 message ['mesidʒ] n.信息3 over ['əuvə] v.越过4 distance ['distəns] n.距离5 request [ri'kwest] n.要求，请求6 spare [speə] 备件7 service ['sə:vis] n.业务，服务Lesson 61 beggar ['begə] n.乞丐2 food [fu:d] n.食物3 pocket ['pɔkit] n.衣服口袋4 call [kɔ:l] v.拜访，光顾Lesson 71 detective [di'tektiv] n.侦探2 airport ['eəpɔ:t] n.机场3 expect [ik'spekt] v.期待，等待4 valuable ['væljuəbəl, -jubəl] a.贵重的5 parcel ['pɑ:sl] n.包裹6 diamond ['daiəmənd] n.钻石7 steal [sti:l] v.偷8 main [mein] a.主要的9 airfield ['eəfi:ld] n.飞机起落的场地10 guard [gɑ:d] n.警戒，守卫11 precious ['preʃəs] a.珍贵的12 stone [stəun] n.石子13 sand [sænd] n.沙子Lesson 81 competition [ˌkɔmpi'tiʃən] n.比赛,竞赛2 neat [ni:t] a.整齐的，整洁的3 path [pɑ:θ] n.小路，小径4 wooden ['wudn] a.木头的5 pool [pu:l] n.水池Lesson 91 welcome ['welkəm] n.欢迎2crowd [kraud] n.人群3 gather ['gæeə] v.聚集4 hand [hænd] n.(表或机器的)指针5 shout [ʃaut] v.喊叫6 refuse [ri'fju:z, ri'fju:s] v.拒绝7 laugh [lɑ:f] v.笑Lesson 101 jazz [dʒæz] n.爵士音乐2 musical ['mju:zikəl] a.音乐的3 instrument ['instrumənt] n.乐器4 clavichord ['klævikɔ:d] .古钢琴5 recently ['ri:səntli] ad.最近6 damage ['dæmidʒ] v.损坏7 key [ki:] n.琴键8 string [striŋ] n.(乐器的)弦9 shock [ʃɔk, ʃɑk] v.使不悦或生气，震惊10 allow [ə'lau] v.允许，让11 touch [tʌtʃ] v.触摸Lesson 111 turn [tə:n] n.行为，举止2 deserve [di'zə:v] v应得到，值得3 lawyer ['lɔ:jə] n.律师4 bank [bæŋk] n.银行5 salary ['sæləri] n.工资6 immediately[i'mi:diətli] ad.立刻Lesson 121 luck [lʌk] n.运气，幸运2 captain ['kæptin] n.船长3 sail [seil] v.航行4 harbour ['ha:bə] n.港口5 proud [praud] a.自豪6 important [im'pɔ:tənt] a.重要的Lesson 131 group [gru:p] n.小组，团体2 pop singer 流行歌手3 club [klʌb] n.俱乐部4 performance [pə'fɔ:məns] n.演出5 occasion [ə'keiʒən] n.场合Lesson 141 amusing [ə'mju:ziŋ] a.好笑的，有趣的2 experience [ik'spiəriəns] n.经历3 wave [weiv] v.招手4 lift [lift] n.搭便车5 reply [ri'plai] v.回答6 language ['læŋgwidʒ] n.语言7 journey ['dʒə:ni] n.旅行Lesson 151 secretary ['sekrətəri, -teri] n.秘书2 nervous ['nə:vəs] a.精神紧张的3 afford [ə'fɔ:d] v.负担得起4 weak [wi:k] a.弱的5 interrupt [ˌintə'rʌpt] v.插话，打断Lesson 161 park [pɑ:k] v.停放(汽车)2 traffic ['træfik] n.交通3 ticket ['tikit] n.交通法规罚款单4 note [nəut] n.便条5 area ['eəriə] n.地点6 sign [sain] n.指示牌7 reminder [ri'maində] n.指示8 fail [feil] v.无视，忘记9 obey [ə'bei] v.服从Lesson 171 appear [ə'piə] v.登场，扮演2 stage [steidʒ] n.舞台3 bright [brait] a.鲜艳的4 stocking ['stɔkiŋ] n.(女用)长筒袜5 sock [sɔk] n.短袜Lesson 18 1 pub [pʌb] n.小酒店2 landlord ['lændlɔ:d] n.店主3 bill [bil] n.帐单Lesson 191 hurry ['hʌri] v.匆忙2 ticket office 售票处3 pity['piti] n.令人遗憾的事4 exclaim [ik'skleim] v.大声说5 return [ri'tə:n] v.退回6 sadly ['sædli] ad.悲哀地，丧气地Lesson 201catch [kætʃ] v.抓到2fisherman['fiʃəmən] n.钓鱼人，渔民3boot [bu:t] n.靴子4waste [weist] n.浪费5realize ['riəlaiz] v.意识到Lesson 211 mad [mæd] a.发疯2 reason ['ri:zən] n.原因3 sum[sʌm] n.量4 determined [di'tə:mind] a.坚定的，下决心的Lesson 221 dream [dri:m] v.做梦，梦想2 age[eidʒ] n.年龄3 channel ['tʃænəl] n.海峡4 throw [θrəu] v.扔，抛Lesson 231 complete[kəm'pli:t] v.完成2 modern ['mɔdən] a.新式的，与以往不同的3 strange [streindʒ] a.奇怪的4 district ['distrikt] n.地区Lesson 241 manager ['mænidʒə] n.经理2 upset [ʌp'set] a.不安3 sympathetic [ˌsimpə'θetik] a.表示同情的4 complain [kəm'plein] v.抱怨5 wicked ['wikid] a很坏的，邪恶的6 contain [kən'tein] v.包含，内装7 honesty ['ɔnisti] n.诚实Lesson 251 railway ['reilwei] n.铁路2 porter ['pɔ:tə] n.搬运工3 several ['sevərəl] 几个4 foreigner['fɔrinə] n.外国人5 wonder ['wʌndə] v.感到奇怪Lesson 261 art[ɑ:t] n.艺术2 critic ['kritik] n.评论家3 paint [peint] v.画4 pretend [pri'tend] v.假装5 pattern ['pætn] n.图案6 curtain ['kə:tən] n.窗帘，幕布7 material[mə'tiəriəl] n.材料8 appreciate[ə'pri:ʃieit] v.鉴赏9 notice ['nəutis] v.注意到10 whether['weeə] conj.是否11 hang [hæŋ] v.悬挂，吊12 critically['kritikəli] ad.批评地13 upside['ʌpsaid] 上下颠倒地Lesson 271 tent[tent] n.帐篷2 field[fi:ld] n.田地，田野3 smell [smel] v.闻起来4 wonderful['wʌndəful] a.极好的5 campfire['kæmpˌfaiə] n.营火，篝火6 creep [kri:p] v.爬行7 sleeping bag['sli:piŋ] 睡袋8 comfortable['kʌmfətəbəl] a.舒适的，安逸的9 soundly['sʌundli] ad.香甜地10 leap [li:p] v.跳跃，跳起11 heavily['hevili] ad.大量地12 stream[stri:m] n.小溪13 form [fɔ:m] v.形成14 wind [wind, waind] v.蜿蜒15 right [rait] ad.正好Lesson 281 rare[reə] a.罕见的2 ancient ['einʃənt] a.古代的，古老的3 myth [miθ] n.神话故事4 trouble ['trʌbəl] n.麻烦5 effect [i'fekt] n.结果，效果6 Medusa [mi'dju:zə] n.美杜莎(古希腊神话中3位蛇发女怪之一)7 Gorgon ['gɔ:gən] n.(古希腊神话中的)3位蛇发女怪之一Lesson 291 taxi['tæksi] n.出租汽车2 Pilatus Porter皮勒特斯·波特(飞机机名)3 land[lænd] v.着陆4 plough[plau] v.耕地5 lonely['ləunli] a.偏僻的，人迹罕至的6 Welsh[welʃ] a.威尔士的7 roof[ru:f] n.楼顶8 block[blɔk] n.一座大楼9 flat[flæt] n.公寓房10 desert ['dezət] v.废弃Lesson 301 polo['pəuləu] n.水球2 cut[kʌt] v.穿过3 row[rəu, rou] v.划(船)4 kick[kik] v.踢5 towards[tə'wɔ:dz] prep.朝，向6 nearly ['niəli] ad.几乎7 sight[sait] n.眼界，视域Lesson 311 retire [ri'taiə] v.退休2 company['kʌmpəni] n.公司3 bicycle ['baisik(ə)l] n.自行车4 save[seiv] v.积蓄5 workshop['wə:kʃɔp] n.车间6 helper ['helpə] n.帮手，助手7 employ [im'plɔi] v.雇佣8 grandson['grænsʌn] n.孙子Lesson 321 once [wʌns] ad.曾经，以前2 temptation[temp'teiʃən] n.诱惑3 article ['ɑ:tikəl] n.物品，东西4 wrap[ræp] v.包裹5 simply ['simpli] ad.仅仅6 arrest[ə'rest] v.逮捕Lesson 331 darkness['dɑ:knis] n.黑暗2 explain [ik'splein] 解释，叙述3 coast [kəust] n.海岸4 storm [stɔ:m] n.暴风雨5 towards[tə'wɔ:dz] prep.接近6 rock[rɔk] n.岩石，礁石7 shore [ʃɔ:] n.海岸8 light[lait] n.灯光9 ahead [ə'hed] ad.在前面10 cliff[klif] n.峭壁11 struggle['strʌgl] v.挣扎12 hospital['hɔspitl] n.医院Lesson 341 station ['steiʃən] n.(警察)局2 most [məust] ad.相当，非常Lesson 351 while [wail] n.一段时间2 regret [ri'gret] v.后悔3 far [fɑ:] ad.非常4 rush [rʌʃ] v.冲5 act [ækt] v.行动6 straight [streit] ad.径直7 fright [frait] n.害怕8 battered ['bætəd] a.撞坏的9 shortly ['ʃɔ:tli] ad.很快，不久10 afterwards['a:ftəwədz] 以后Lesson 361 record ['rekɔ:d, ri'kɔ:d] n.记录2 strong [strɔŋ] a.强壮的3 swimmer['swimə] n游泳运动员4 succeed[sək'si:d] v.成功5 train[trein] v.训练6 anxiously['æŋkʃəsli] ab焦急地7 intend [in'tend] v.打算8 solid['sɔlid] a.固体的，硬的Lesson 371 Olympic[ə'limpik] a.奥林匹克的2 hold[həuld] v.召开3 government['gʌvənmənt] n政府4 immense[i'mens] a.巨大的5stadium['steidiəm] n.露天体育场6 standard['stændəd] n.标准7 capital ['kæpitl] n.首都8 fantastic[fæn'tæstik] a.巨大的9 design [di'zain] v.设计Lesson 381 except [ik'sept] prep.除了Mediterranean[ˌmeditə'reiniən]n.(the～)地中海3 complain [kəm'plein] v.抱怨4 continually [kən'tinjuəli] ad.不断地5 bitterly ['bitəli] ad.刺骨地6 sunshine ['sʌnʃain] n.阳光Lesson 391 operation [ˌɔpə'reiʃən] n.手术2 successful [sək'sesfəl] a成功的3 following['fɔləuiŋ] a.下一个4 patient ['peiʃənt] n.病人5 alone [ə'ləun] a.独自的6 exchange [iks'tʃeindʒ] n.(电话的)交换台7 inquire [in'kwaiə] v.询问，打听8 certain ['sə:tən] a.某个9 caller ['kɔ:lə] n.打电话的人10 relative['relətiv] n.亲戚Lesson 401 hostess ['həustis] n.女主人2 unsmiling ['ʌn'smailiŋ] a.不笑的，严肃的3 tight [tait] a.紧身的4 fix[fiks] v.疑视5 globe [gləub] n.地球6 despair [di'speə] n.绝望Lesson 411 rude [ru:d] a.无礼的2 mirror ['mirə] n.镜子3 hole [həul] n.孔4 remark [ri'mɑ:k] v.评说5 remind [ri'maind] v.提醒6 lighthouse ['laithaus] n.灯塔Lesson 421 musical ['mju:zikəl] a.精通音乐的2 market ['mɑ:kit] n.市场，集市3 snake [sneik] 玩蛇者(通常借音乐控制)4 pipe [paip] n.(吹奏地)管乐器5 tune [tju:n, tu:n] n.曲调6 glimpse [glimps] n.一瞥7 snake [sneik] n.蛇8 movement['mu:vmənt] n.动作9 continue[kən'tinju:] v.继续10 dance [dɑ:ns] v.跳舞11 obviously ['ɔbviəsli] ad.显然12 difference ['difrəns] n.差别13 Indian ['indiən] a.印度的Lesson 431 pole[pəul] n.(地球的)极2 flight[flait] n.飞行3 explorer[ik'splɔ:rə] n.探险家4 lie[lai] v.处于5 serious ['siəriəs] a.严重的6 point[pɔint] n.地点7 seem[si:m] v.似乎，好像8 crash[kræʃ] v.坠毁9 sack[sæk] n.袋子10 clear[kliə] v.越过11 aircraft['eəkrɑ:ft] n.飞机12 endless['endlis] a.无尽的13 plain [plein] n.平原Lesson 441 forest ['fɔrist] n.森林2 risk [risk] n.危险，冒险3 picnic ['piknik] n.野餐4 edge [edʒ] n.边缘5 strap [stræp] n.带，皮带6 possession [pə'zeʃən] n.所有7 breath [breθ] n.呼吸8 contents['kɔ:ntents] n.(常用复数)内有的物品9 mend [mend] v.修理Lesson 451 clear [kliə] a.无罪的，不亏心的2 conscience ['kɔnʃəns] n.良心，道德心3 wallet ['wɑ:lit] n.皮夹，钱夹4 savings ['seiviŋz] n.存款5 villager ['vilidʒə] n.村民6 per cent [pə'sent] 百分之…Lesson 461 unload [ʌn'ləud] v.卸(货)2 wooden ['wudn] a.木制的3 extremely [ik'stri:mli] ad.非常，极其4 occur [ə'kə:] v.发生5 astonish [ə'stɔniʃ] v.使惊讶6 pile [pail] n.堆7 woollen ['wulən] n.羊毛的8 goods [gudz] n.(常用复数)货物，商品9 discover[dis'kʌvə] v.发现10 admit [əd'mit] v.承认11 confine [kən'fain] v.关在(一个狭小的空间里)12 normal ['nɔ:məl] a.正常的，通常的Lesson 471 thirsty ['θə:sti] a.贪杯的2 ghost [gəust] n.鬼魂3 haunt [hɔ:nt] v.(鬼)来访，闹鬼4 block [blɔk] v.堵5 furniture ['fə:nitʃə] n.家具6 whisky ['wiski] n.威士忌酒7 suggest [sə'dʒest] v.暗示8 shake [ʃeik] v.摇动9 accept [ək'sept] v.接受Lesson 481 pull [pul] v.拔2 cotton ['kɔtn] 药棉3 collect [kə'lekt] v.搜集4 collection [kə'lekʃən] n.收藏品，收集品5 nod [nɔd] v.点头6 meanwhile ['mi:n'wail] ad.同时Lesson 491 tired ['taiəd] a.厌烦的2 real [riəl] a.真正的3 owner ['əunə] n.主人4 spring [spriŋ] n.弹簧5 mattress ['mætris] n.床垫6 gust [gʌst] n.一阵风7 sweep [swi:p] v.扫，刮8 courtyard ['kɔ:tjɑ:d] n.院子9 smash [smæʃ] v.碰碎，摔碎10 miraculously [mi'rækjuləsli] ad.奇迹般地11 unhurt [ʌn'hə:t] a.没有受伤的12 glance [glɑ:ns] v.扫视13 promptly['prɔmptli] 迅速地Lesson 501 ride [raid] n.旅行2 excursion [ik'skə:ʃən] n.远足3 conductor [kən'dʌktə] n.售票员4 view [vju:] n.景色Lesson 511 reward [ri'wɔ:d] n.报偿2 virtue ['və:tʃu:] n.美德3 diet ['daiət] n.节食4 forbid [fə'bid] v.禁止5 hurriedly ['hʌridli] ad.匆忙地6 embarrass [im'bærəs] v.使尴尬7 guiltily ['giltili] ad.内疚地8 strict [strikt] a.严格的9 reward [ri'wɔ:d] v.给奖赏10 occasionally [ə'keiʒənəli] ad.偶尔地Lesson 521 temporarily['tempərərili] ad.暂时地2 inch [intʃ] n.英寸(度量单位)3 space [speis] n.空间4 actually ['æktʃuəli] ad.实际上Lesson 531 hot [hɔt] a.带电的，充电的2 fireman ['faiəmən] n消防队员3 cause [kɔ:z] v.引起n.原因4 examine [ig'zæmin] v.检查5a ccidentally [ˌæksi'd entəli]ad.意外地,偶然地6 remains [ri'meinz] n.尸体，残骸7 wire['waiə] n.电线8 volt[vəult] n.伏特(电压单位)9 power line电力线10 solve [sɔlv] v.解决11 mystery ['mistəri] n.谜12 snatch [snætʃ] v.抓住13spark [spɑ:k] n.电火花Lesson 541 sticky ['stiki] a.粘的2 finger ['fiŋgə] n.手指3 pie [pai] n.馅饼4 mix [miks] v.混合，拌和5 pastry ['peistri] n.面糊6 annoying [ə'nɔiiŋ] a.恼人的7 receiver [ri'si:və] n.电话的话筒8 dismay [dis'mei] v.失望，泄气9 recognize['rekəgnaiz] v.认出，听出10 persuade [pə'sweid] v.说服，劝说11 mess [mes] n.乱七八糟12 doorknob ['dɔ:nɔb] n.门把手13 sign [sain] v.签字14 register ['redʒistə] v.挂号邮寄Lesson 551 gold [gəuld] n.金子2 mine [main] n.矿3 treasure['treʒə] n.财宝4 revealer [ri'vi:lə] n.探测器5 invent [in'vent] v.发明6 detect [di'tekt] v.探测7 bury ['beri] v.埋藏8 cave [keiv] n.山洞9 seashore ['si:ʃɔ:] n.海岸10 pirate ['paiərət] n.海盗11arm [ɑ:m] v.武装12 soil [sɔil] n.泥土13 entrance ['entrəns] n.入口14 finally ['fainəli] ad.最后15 worthless ['wə:θləs] a.毫无价值的16 thoroughly ['θʌrəli] ad.彻底地17 trunk [trʌŋk] n.行李箱18 confident ['kɔnfidənt] a.有信心的19 value ['vælju:] n.价值Lesson 561 sound [saund] n.声音2 excitement [ik'saitmənt] n.激动，兴奋3 handsome ['hændsəm] a.漂亮的，美观的4 Rolls-Royce['rəʊlz'rɔis] 罗尔斯—罗伊斯5 Benz n.奔驰6 wheel [wi:l] n.轮子7 explosion[ik'spləuʒən] n.爆炸，轰响8 course [kɔ:s] n.跑道；行程9 rival['raivəl] n.对手10 speed [spi:d] v.疾驶11 downhill [ˌdaun'hil] ad.下坡Lesson 57madam['mædəm] n.(对妇女的尊称)太太，夫人2 jeans[dʒi:nz] n.牛仔裤3 hesitate['heziteit] v.犹豫，迟疑4 serve [sə:v] v.接待(顾客)5 scornfully ['skɔ:nfuli] ad.轻蔑地6 punish ['pʌniʃ] v.惩罚7 fur [fə:] n.裘皮8 eager ['i:gə] a.热切的，热情的Lesson 581 blessing ['b lesiŋ] n.福分，福气2 disguise [dis'gaiz] n.伪装3 tiny ['taini] a.极小的4 possess [pə'zes] v.拥有5 cursed ['kə:sid] a.可恨的6 increase [in'kri:s, 'inkri:s] v增加7 plant [plɑ:nt] v.种值8 church [tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂9 evil ['i:vəl] a.坏的10 reputation[repju'teiʃən] n.名声11 claim [kleim] v.以…为其后果12 victim ['viktim]受害者，牺牲品13 vicar ['vikə] n.教区牧师14 source [sɔ:s] n.来源15 income ['inkʌm] n.收入16 trunk [trʌŋk] n.树干Lesson 591 bark [bɑ:k] v.狗叫2 press [pres] v.按压3 paw [pɔ:] n.脚爪4 latch [lætʃ] n.门闩5 expert ['ekspə:t] n.专家6 develop[di'veləp] v.养成7 habit ['hæbit] n.习惯8 remove [ri'mu:v] v.拆掉，取下Lesson 601 future ['fju:tʃə] n.未来，前途2 fair [feə] n.集市3 fortune-teller['fɔ:tʃən'telə] n.算命人4 crystal ['kristəl] n.水晶5 relation [ri'leiʃən] n.亲属6impatiently[im'peiʃəntli] ad.不耐烦地Lesson 611 Hubble ['hʌbl] n.哈勃2 telescope['teliskəup] n.望远镜3 launch [lɔ:ntʃ] v.发射4 space [speis] n.空间5 NASA ['næsə] 国家航空和宇宙航行局6 billion ['biljən] n.10亿7 faulty ['fɔ:lti] a.有错误的8 astronaut ['æstrənɔ:t] n.宇航员9 shuttle ['ʃʌtl] n.宇航飞机10 Endeavour[in'devə] “奋进”号11 robot-arm n.机器手12 grab [græb] v.抓13 atmosphere ['ætməsfiə] n.大气层14 distant ['distənt] a.遥远的15 galaxy ['gæləkəsi] n.星系16 universe ['ju:nivə:s] n.宇宙17 eagle eye鹰眼Lesson 621 control [kən'trəul] n.控制2 smoke [sməuk] n.烟3 desolate['desəleit] a.荒凉的4 threaten ['θretn] v.威胁5 surrounding [sə'raundiŋ] a.周围的6 destruction [di'strʌkʃən] n.破坏，毁灭7 flood [flʌd] n.洪水，水灾8 authority [ɔ:'θɔriti] n.(常用复数)当局9 grass-seed ['gra:s'si:d] n.草籽10 spray [sprei] v.喷撒11 quantity ['kwɔntəti] n.量12 root[ru:t] n.根13 century['sentʃəri] n.世纪14 patch [pætʃ] n.小片15 blacken['blækən] v.变黑，发暗Lesson 631 circle ['sə:kəl] n.圈子2 admire [əd'maiə] v.赞美，钦佩3 close [kləuz] a.亲密的4 wedding ['wediŋ] n.婚礼5 reception [ri'sepʃən] n.执行会6 sort [sɔ:t] n.种类Lesson 641 tunnel ['tʌnl] n.隧道2 port [pɔ:t] n.港口3 ventilate ['ventileit] v.通风4 chimney ['tʃimni] n.烟囱5sea level 海平面6 double ['dʌbəl] a.双的7 ventilation [ˌventi'leiʃən] n.通风8 fear [fiə] v.害怕9 invasion [in'veiʒən] 入侵，侵略10 officially [ə'fiʃəli] ad.正式地11 connect [kə'nekt] v.连接12 European [juərə'pi:ən]欧洲的13 continent['kɔntinənt] n.大陆Lesson 651 versus ['və:səs] prep.对2 Christmas ['krisməs] n.圣诞节3 circus ['sə:kəs] n.马戏团4 present [pri'zent, 'prezənt]礼物5 accompany [ə'kʌmpəni] v.陪伴，随行6 approach [ə'prəutʃ] v.走近7 ought [ɔ:t] modal verb 应该8 weigh [wei] v.重9 fortunate ['fɔ:tʃənət] a.幸运的Lesson 661 Lancaster ['læŋkəstə]兰开斯特2 bomber ['bɔmə] n.轰炸机3 remote [ri'məut] a.偏僻的4 Pacific [pə'sifik] n.太平洋5 damage ['dæmidʒ] v.毁坏6 wreck [rek] n.残骸7 rediscover [ri:di'skʌvə] v.重新发现8 aerial ['eəriəl] a.航空的9 survey ['sə:vei] n.调查10 rescue ['reskju:] v.营救11package ['pækidʒ] v.把…打包12 enthusiast[in'θju:ziæst] n.热心人13 restore[ri'stɔ:] v.修复14 imagine[i'mædʒin] v.想像15 packing ['pækiŋ] 包装箱16 colony ['kɔləni] n.群17 bee [bi:] n.蜂18 hive [haiv] n.蜂房19 preserve [pri'zə:v] v.保护20 beeswax ['bi:zwæks] n.蜂蜡Lesson 671 volcano [vɔl'keinəu] n.火山2 active ['æktiv] a.活动的3 Kivun. 基伍湖4 Congo ['kɔŋgou] n.(the～)刚果5 Kituro n.基图罗6 erupt [i'rʌpt] v.(火山)喷发7 violently ['vaiələntli] ad.猛烈地，剧烈地8 manage ['mænidʒ] v.设法9 brilliant ['briliənt] a.精彩的10 liquid ['likwid] a.液态的11 escape [i'skeip] v.逃脱12 alive [ə'laiv] a.活着的Lesson 681 persistent [pə'sistənt] a.坚持的，固执的2 avoid [ə'vɔid] v.避开3 insist [in'sist] v.坚持做Lesson 691 murder ['mə:də] n.谋杀2 instruct [in'strʌkt] v命令，指示3 acquire [ə'kwaiə] v取得，获得4 confidence ['kɔnfidəns] n.信心5 examiner [ig'zæminə] n主考人6 suppose [sə'pəuz] v.假设7 tap [tæp] v.轻敲8 react [ri'ækt] v.反应9 brake [breik] n.刹车10 pedal ['pedəl] n.踏板11 mournful ['mɔ:nful] a.悲哀的Lesson 701 bullfight ['bulfait] n.斗牛2 drunk [drʌŋk] n.醉汉3 wander ['wɔndə, 'wɑ:n:dər] v.溜达，乱走4 ring [riŋ] n.圆形竞技场地5 unaware [ˌʌnə'weə] a.不知道的，示觉察的6 bull [bul] n.公牛7 matador ['mætədɔ:] n.斗牛士8 remark [ri'mɑ:k] n.评论；言语9 apparently [ə'pærəntli] ad.明显地10 sensitive ['sensitiv] a.敏感的11 criticism ['kritisizəm] n.批评12 charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] v.冲上去13 clumsily ['klʌmzili] ad.笨拙地14 bow [bau] v.鞠躬15 safety ['seifti] n.安全地带16 sympathetically[ˌsimpə'θetikəli] ad.同情地Lesson 711 parliament ['pɑ:ləmənt] n.议会，国会2 erect [i'rekt] v.建起3 accurate ['ækjurət] a.准确的4 official [ə'fiʃəl] n.官员，行政人员5 Greenwich ['grinidʒ] 格林威治6 observatory [əb'zə:vətəri] n.天文台7 check [tʃek] v.检查8 microphone['maikrəfəun] n.扩音器，麦克风9 tower ['tauə] n.塔Lesson 721 racing ['reisiŋ] n.竞赛2 per [pə:] prep.每3 Utah ['ju:tɑ:] n.犹他(美国州名)4 horsepower['hɔ:sˌpauə] n.马力5 burst [bə:st] v.爆裂6 average ['ævəridʒ] a.平均的7 footstep ['futstep] n.足迹Lesson 731 record-holder ['rekɔ:d'həuldə]纪录保持者2 truant ['tru:ənt] n.逃学的孩子unimaginative[ˌʌni'mædʒinətiv]a.缺乏想象力的4 shame [ʃeim] n.惭愧，羞耻5 hitchhike ['hitʃhaik] v.搭便车旅行6 meantime ['mi:ntaim] n.其间7 lorry ['lɔri] n.卡车8 border ['bɔ:də] n.边界9 evade [i'veid] v.逃避，逃离Lesson 741 limelight ['laimlait] n.舞台灯光2 precaution [pri'kɔ:ʃən]预防措施3 fan [fæn] n.狂热者，迷4 shady ['ʃeidi] a.遮荫的5 sheriff ['ʃerif] n.司法长官6 notice ['nəutis] n.告示7 sneer [sniə] n.冷笑Lesson 751 thick[θik] a.厚的2 signal ['signəl] n.信号3 stamp [stæmp] v.跺，踩4 helicopter ['helikɔptə]直升飞机5 scene [si:n] n.现场6 survivor [sə'vaivə] n.幸存者Lesson 761 fool [fu:l] n.傻瓜2 bulletin ['bulətin] n.亲闻简报3 announcer [ə'naunsə] n.(电视、电台)播音员4 macaroni [ˌmækə'rəuni] n.通心面，空心面条5 leading ['li:diŋ] a.主要的6 grower ['grəuə] n.种植者7 splendid ['splendid] a.极好的8 stalk[stɔ:k] n.梗9 gather ['gæeə] v.收庄稼10 thresh [θreʃ] v.打(庄稼)11 process['prəuses] v.加工12 signor ['si:njɔ:] n.(意大利语)先生13 present [pri'zent, 'prezənt] a.目前的14 champion ['tʃæmpiən] n.冠军15 studio ['stju:diəu] n.播音室Lesson 771 mummy ['mʌmi] n.木乃伊2 Egyptian [i'dʒipʃən] a.埃及的3 temple ['tempəl] n.庙4 mark [mɑ:k] n.斑点5plate [pleit] n.(照相)底片6 disease [di'zi:z] n.疾病7 last [lɑ:st] v.持续8 prove [pru:v] v.显示出9 resin ['rezin] n.树脂10 skin [skin] n.皮，皮肤11 section['sekʃən] n.切片12 figure ['figə] n.(人的)体形；人像13 normally ['nɔ:məli] ad.通常地14 survive [sə'vaiv] v.幸免于Lesson 781 entitle [in'taitl] v.以…为名2 calm [kɑ:m] v.使镇定3 nerve [nə:v] n.神经4 concentration[ˌkɔnsən'treiʃən]n.集中，专心5 suffer ['sʌfə] v.受苦，受害6 symptom ['simptəm] n.症状7 temper ['tempə] n.脾气8 appetite ['æpitait] n.胃口，食欲9 produce [prə'dju:s, 'prɔdju:s] v.拿出10 urge [ə:dʒ] v.力劝，怂恿11 satisfaction [ˌsætis'fækʃən] n.满意，满足12 delighted [di'laitid] a.欣喜的Lesson 791 parent ['peərənt] n.父(母)亲2 flight attendant['flait əˌtendənt]空中乘务员3 frightened['fraitnd] a.害怕，担惊4 curious ['kjuəriəs] a.急于了解，好奇的5 bomb [bɔm] n.炸弹6plant[plɑ:nt] v.安放Lesson 801 palace ['pælis] n.宫殿e xtraordinary [ik'strɔ:dinəri] a.不平常的.非凡的3 exhibition [eksi'biʃ(ə)n] n.展览4 iron ['aiən] n.铁5 various ['veəriəs]各种各样的6 machinery [mə'ʃi:nəri] n.机器7 display [di'splei] n.展览8 steam [sti:m] n.蒸汽9 profit ['prɔfit] n.利润10college ['kɔlidʒ] n.学院Lesson 811 prisoner ['prizənə] n.囚犯2 bush [buʃ] n.灌木丛3 rapidly ['ræpidli] ad.迅速地4 uniform ['ju:nifɔ:m] n.制服5 rifle ['raifl] n.来福枪，步枪6 shoulder ['ʃəuldə] n.肩7 march [mɑ:tʃ] v.行进8 boldly ['bəuldli] ad.大胆地9 blaze [bleiz] v.闪耀10 salute [sə'lu:t] v.行礼11 elderly ['eldəli] a.上了年纪的12 grey [grei] a.灰白的13 sharp [ʃɑ:p] a.猛烈的14 blow [bləu] n.打击Lesson 821 monster ['mɔnstə] n.怪物2 sailor ['seilə] n.海员3 sight [sait] v.见到4 creature ['kri:tʃə] n.动物，生物5 peculiar [pi'kju:liə] a.奇怪的，不寻常的6 shining ['ʃainiŋ] a.闪闪发光的7 oarfish ['ɔ:fiʃ] n.桨鱼Lesson 831 election [i'lekʃən] n.选举2 former ['fɔ:mə] a.从前的3 defeat [di'fi:t] v.打败4 fanatical [fə'nætikəl] a.狂热的5 opponent [ə'pəunənt] n.反对者，对手6 radical ['rædikəl] a.激进的7 progressive [prə'gresiv]进步的8 ex- prefix.(前缀，用于名词前)前…9 suspicious [sə'spiʃəs] a.怀疑的Lesson 841 strike [straik] n.罢工2 busman ['bʌsmən] n.公共汽车司机4 agreement[ə'gri:mənt] n.协议5 relieve [ri'li:v] v.减轻6 pressure ['preʃə] n.压力，麻烦7 extent [ik'stent] n.程度8 volunteer [ˌvɔlən'tiə] v.自动提出，自愿10 Press [pres] n.新闻界11 object ['ɔbdʒiktˌ əb'dʒekt] v.不赞成，反对Lesson 851 inform [in'fɔ:m] v.告诉，通知2 headmaster [ˌhed'mɑ:stə]校长3 contribute [kən'tribju:t] v.捐助，援助4 gift [gift] n.礼物，赠品5 album ['ælbəm] n.签名簿，相册6 patience ['peiʃəns] n.耐心7 encouragement [in'kʌridʒmənt] n.鼓励8 farewell [feə'wel] n.告别9 honour ['ɔnə] n.敬意10 coincidence [kəu'insidəns] n.巧合11 total ['təutl] n.总数12 devote [di'vəut] v.致力于13 gardening ['gɑ:dəniŋ] n.园艺14 hobby ['hɔbi] n.爱好，嗜好Lesson 861 swing [swiŋ] v.转向2 speedboat ['spi:dbəut] n.快艇3 desperately ['despəritli] ad.绝望地4 companion [kəm'pæniən] n.同伙，同伴5 water ski (由快艇牵引水橇)滑水6 buoy [bɔi] n.浮标7 dismay [dis'mei] n.沮丧8 tremendous[tri'mendəs]巨大的9 petrol ['petrəl] n.汽油10 drift [drift] v.漂动，漂流11 gently ['dʒentli] ad.缓慢地，轻轻地Lesson 871 alibi ['ælibai] n.不在犯罪现场2 commit [kə'mit] v.犯(罪、错)3 inspector [in'spektə] n.探长4 employer [im'plɔiə] n.雇主5 confirm[kən'fə:m] v.确认，证实6 suggest [sə'dʒest] v.提醒7 truth [tru:θ] n.真相Lesson 881 trap [træp] v.陷入，使陷于困境2 surface ['sə:fis] n.地面，表面3 explosive [ik'spləusiv] n.炸药4 vibration [vai'breiʃən] n.震动5 collapse [kə'læps] v.坍塌6 drill [dril] v.钻孔7 capsule ['kæpsju:l] n.容器8 layer ['leiə] n.层9 beneath [bi'ni:θ] prep.在…之下10 lower ['ləuə] v.放下，降低11 progress ['prəugres, prə'gres]v.进展，进行12 smoothly ['smu:eli] ad.顺利地Lesson 891 slip [slip] n.小错误2 comedy ['kɔmidi] n.喜剧present[pri'zent, 'prezənt] v.演出a.出席，到场的4 queue [kju:] v.排队5 dull [dʌl] a.枯燥，无味6 artiste [ɑ:'ti:st] n.艺人7 advertiser ['ædvətaizə] 报幕员Lesson 901 chip [tʃip] n.油煎豆片2 overfish [əuvə'fiʃ] v.过度捕捞3 giant ['dʒaiənt] a.巨大的4 terrify ['terifai] v.吓，使恐怖5 diver ['daivə] n.潜水员6 oil rig ['ɔil ˌrig] 石油钻塔7 wit[wit] n.(复数)理智，头脑8 cage [keidʒ] n.笼9 shark [ʃɑ:k] n.鲨鱼10 whale [weil] n.鲸11 variety[və'raiəti] n.品种12 cod [kɔd] n.鳕13 skate [skeit] n.鳐14 factor ['fæktə] n.因素15 crew [kru:] n.全体工作人员Lesson 911 balloon [bə'lu:n] n.气球2 royal ['rɔiəl] a.皇家3 spy [spai] v.侦察4 track [træk] n.轨迹，踪迹5 binoculars [bi'nɔkjuləz] 望远镜Lesson 921 fast [fɑ:st] ad.熟(睡)2 ladder ['lædə] n.梯子3 shed [ʃed] n.棚子4 sarcastic [sɑ:'kæstik, sɑr-] a.讽刺的，讥笑的5 tone [təun] n.语气，腔调Lesson 931 noble ['nəubəl] 高尚的，壮丽的2 monument ['mɔnjumənt] n.纪念碑3 statue ['stætʃu:] n.雕像4 liberty ['libəti] n.自由5 present [pri'zent, 'prezənt]赠送6 sculptor ['skʌlptə] n.雕刻家7 actual ['æktʃuəl]实际的，真实的8 copper ['kɔpə] n.铜9 support [sə'pɔ:t] v.支持，支撑10 framework ['freimwə:k] n.构架，框架11 transport [træn'spɔ:t] v.运送12 site [sait] n.场地13 pedestal ['pedistl] n.底座Lesson 941 instruct [in'strʌkt] 指导，传授2 Los Angeles [lɔs'ændʒili:z] 洛杉矶3 reluctant [ri'lʌktənt] a.勉强的，不愿意的4 weight [weit] n.重物5 underwater [ˌʌndə'wɔ:tə] a.水下的6 tricycle ['traisikəl] n.三轮车7 compete [kəm'pi:t] v.比赛，对抗8 yard [jɑ:d] n.码9 gasp [gɑ:sp] v.喘气Lesson 951 fantasy ['fæntəsi] n.幻想故事2 ambassador [æm'bæsədə] n.大使3 frightful ['fraitfəl] a.可怕的，令人吃惊的4 fire extinguisher 灭火器5 drily ['draili] ad.冷淡地，枯燥无味地6 embassy ['embəsi] n.大使馆7 heaven ['hevən] n.天，天堂8 basement[ 'beismənt] n.地下室9 definitely ['definitli] ad.肯定地10 post [pəust] v.派任11 shot [ʃɔt] n.子弹Lesson 961festival ['festivəl] n.节日2 lantern ['læntən] n.灯笼3 spectacle ['spektəkəl] n.景象，壮观，场面。

中高口译词汇整理汉英口译分类词汇（01）--社会发展词汇211工程211 Project安居工程housing project for low-income families安居小区a neighborhood for low-income families保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.裁定保险赔偿adjudication of benefits城镇居民最低生活保障guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents在城镇强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险Social welfare insurance, particularly old-age, unemployment and medical insurance, must be made mandatory in urban areas.城镇社会保障体系the social security system in urban areas城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees创新精神be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind促进学生德、智、体、美全面发展ensure that students improve in terms of their moral, intellectual and fitness level as well as in their appreciation of aesthetics大家庭extended family大力推行个人助学信贷Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.大专文凭associate degree (conferred to junior college students)代培training-on-contract program代培生trainee on contract带薪分流assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits待业人员job seekers待遇优厚的工作a well-paid job单亲家庭single parent family定向培训training for specific posts独生子女the only child对保障方案进行精算评估Security programs should undergo actuarial review.对口扶贫provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions恶性犯罪major crimes反对迷信be against superstition福利分房buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with复式住宅compound apartment干部年轻化rejuvenation of cadres岗位培训on-job training高度重视精神文明建设pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress搞好优生优育promote good prenatal and postnatal care个人自愿计划voluntary private plans工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system关系国计民生的大事matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood关心和支持残疾人事业Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.推进素质教育push ahead with education for all-around development推行职业资格证书制度to introduce a vocational qualification credentials system pension fund脱贫lift off poverty; cast off poverty完善和落实再就业优惠政策to improve and implement preferential reemployment 完善失业保险制度to improve the unemployment insurance system文明城市model city; culturally advanced city; city cited for high moral and cultural standards物业管理estate management, property management消费价格总水平the general price level小家庭nuclear family小康生活enjoy a fairly comfortable life; be moderately better off新生儿死亡率infant mortality rate; neonatal mortality rate行行出状元Every profession produces its own leading authority.研究生毕业证/学位证graduate diploma/graduate degree's diploma养老保险retirement insurance养老保险制度the old-age insurance system医疗保险medical insurance医疗保险制度the medical insurance system应试教育examination-oriented education system优抚安置制度the special care and placement system优化就业结构to optimize employment structure有公德心be civic-minded舆论导向direction of public opinion舆论监督supervision by public opinion预期寿命life expectancy灾害救助制度the natural disaster relief system在职博士生on-job doctorate招生就业指导enrolment and vocation guidance争取实现高等教育大众化work to make regular higher education accessible to the majority of young people政府主导计划government-sponsored programs职业道德ethics of profession中华人民共和国劳动法the Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China中专生secondary specialized or technical school student重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业to stress the development oflabor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential抓好农村和流动人口计划生育管理与服务devote efforts to the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population自然增长率natural growth rate自学成才self-taught and self-made person; become a qualified professional throughself-taught way最低生活保障制度the minimum living standard security system人口老龄化aging of population人口增长的高峰期baby boom人口增长与社会经济发展相协调try to keep population growth in line with social and economic development人民生活水平quality of life; the living standards认真贯彻实施中国妇女、儿童发展纲要The programs for the development of work concerning women and children should be earnestly implemented.弱势群体disadvantaged groups扫除青壮年文盲eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged people伤残保险disability insurance社会保障social security社会保障“三条保障线”制度social security system of “three guarantees”社会福利制度the social welfare system社会公德social morality社会互助制度the social mutual help system社会治安状况好转see an improved law-and-order situation深入扎实地开展群众性精神文明创建活动Extensive public participation activities are launched to promote cultural and ethical progress.生活待遇material amenities生活费收入income available for cost of living生活费用cost of living; income maintenance; subsistence cost生育保险制度the childbirth insurance system失学儿童dropouts失业保险guarantee of unemployment insurance benefits失业保险unemployment insurance失业保险制度the unemployment insurance system失业率rate of unemployment实施积极促进就业的政策to implement the policy of vigorously increasing employment实现基本普及九年义务教育The goal in the effort to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal has been attained.实现小康目标attain the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life实行弹性大、灵活性强、多样化的就业形式to adopt elastic, flexible, diversified forms of employment实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质promote family planning and control the population size and improve the health of the people实行劳动合同制度to institute a labor contract system树立正确的价值观、世界观、人生观help foster in the young the morally sound values and outlook on the world and life思想道德建设（思想政治工作）moral education among people提高部分优抚对象抚恤标准Allowances for certain disabled service men and women and family members of revolutionary martyrs and service men and women have been increased.提高劳动者素质to enhance workers’ quality统筹兼顾城乡就业to make overall plans for urban and rural system推动就业服务向社区延伸，形成多层次的就业服务网络to encourage the formation of community-run agencies as a part of the multi-level employment service network汉英口译分类词汇（02）--外经贸类词汇澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shake off the impact of the financial crisis帮助人才脱颖而出help excellent talents find way to distinction备件spare parts部长级会议ministerial meeting采取积极财政政策proactive fiscal policy出口创汇型/外向型产业export-oriented in。

Chapter 1: Introduction1. Linguistics: Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.8. langue: Lange refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.9. parole :Parole refers to the realization of langue in actual use.10. competence : The ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language.11.performance : The actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.12. language : Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.13.design features : Design features refer to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication.14. arbitrariness: Arbitrariness refers to no logical connection between meaning and sound.15. productivity: Users can understand and produce sentences that they have never heard before.16. duality: Language consists of two sets of structure, with lower lever of sound, which is meaningless, and the higher lever of meaning.17. displacement: Language can be used to refer to the contexts removed from the immediate situation of the speaker no matter how far away from the topic of conversation in time or space.18. cultural transmission: Language is culturally transmitted. It is taught and learned from one generation to the next, rather than by instinct.Chapter 2: Phonology1. phonic medium : The meaningful speech sound in human communication.2. phonetics : The study of phonic medium of language and it is concerned with all sounds in t he world’s languages.3. articulatory phonetics : It studies sounds from the speaker’s point of view, i.e. howa speaker uses his speech organs to articulate the sounds.4. auditory phonetics: The studies sounds from the hearer’s point of view, i.e. how the sounds are perceived by the hearer.5. acoustic phonetics: It studies the way sounds travel by looking at the sound waves, the physical means by which sounds are transmitted through the air from one person to another.6. voicing: the way that sounds are produced with the vibration of the vocal cords.7. voiceless: the way that sounds are produced with no vibration of the vocal cords.8. broad transcription: The use of letter symbols only to show the sounds or sounds sequences in written form.9. narrow transcription: The use of letter symbol, together with the diacritics to show sounds in written form.10. diacritics: The symbols used to show detailed articulatory features of sounds.11. IPA: short for International Phonetic Alphabets, a system of symbols consists of letters and diacritics, used to represent the pronunciation of words in any language. 12. aspiration: A little puff of air that sometimes follows a speech sound.13. manner of articulation : The manner in which obstruction is created.14. place of articulation : The place where obstruction is created.15. consonant: a speech sound in which the air stream is obstructed in one way or another.16. vowel : a speech sound in which the air stream from the lung meets with no obstruction.17. monophthong : the individual vowel.18. diphthong : The vowel which consists of two individual vowels, and functions as a single one.19. phone : The speech sound we use when speaking a language.20. phoneme : The smallest unit of sound in a language which can distinguish two sounds.21. allophone : any different forms of the same phoneme in different phonetic environments.22. phonology : The description of sound systems of particular languages and how sounds function to distinguish meaning.23. phonemic contrast : two similar sounds occur in the same environment and distinguish meaning.24. complementary distribution : allophones of the same phoneme and they don’t distinguish meaning but complement each other in distribution.25. minimal pair: two different forms are identical in every way except one sound and occurs in the same position. The two sounds are said to form a minimal pair.26. sequential rules: The rules to govern the combination of sounds in a particular language.27. assimilation rule: The rule assimilates one sound to another by copying a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones similar.28. deletion rule: The rule that a sound is to be deleted although it is orthographically represented.29. suprasegmental features: The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments----syllable, word, sentence.30. tone: Tones are pitch variations, which are caused by the differing rates of vibration of the vocal cords.31. intonation: When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as intonation.Chapter 3: Morphology1. morphology: A branch of linguistics that studies the internal structure of words and rules for word formation.2. open class: A group of words, which contains an unlimited number of items, and new words can be added to it.3. closed class: A relatively few words, including conjunctions, prepositions and pronouns, and new words are not usually added to them.4. morpheme: The smallest unit of meaning of a language. It can not be divided without altering or destroying its meaning.5. affix: a letter or a group of letter, which is added to a word, and which changes themeaning or function of the word, including prefix, infix and suffix.6. suffix: The affix, which is added to the end of a word, and which usually changes the part of speech of a word.7. prefix: The affix, which is added to the beginning of a word, and which usually changes the meaning of a word to its opposite.8. bound morpheme: Morpheme that can not be used alone, and it must be combined wit others. E.g. –ment.9. free morpheme: a morpheme that can stand alone as a word.10. derivational morpheme: Bound morpheme, which can be added to a stem to forma new word.11. inflectional morpheme: A kind of morpheme, which are used to make grammatical categories, such as number, tense and case.12. morphological rules: The ways words are formed. These rules determine how morphemes combine to form words.13. compound words: A combination of two or more words, which functions as a single words14. inflection: the morphological process which adjusts words by grammatical modification, e.g. in The rains came, rain is inflected for plurality and came for past tense.Chapter 4: Syntax1. syntax: A branch of linguistics that studies how words are combined to form sentences and the rules that govern the formation of sentences.2. category: It refers to a group of linguistic items which fulfill the same or similar functions in a particular language such as a sentence, a noun phrase or a verb.6. phrase: syntactic units that are built around a certain word category are called phrase, the category of which is determined by the word category around which the phrase is built.8. head: The word round which phrase is formed is termed head.9. specifier: The words on the left side of the heads are said to function as specifiers.10. complement: The words on the right side of the heads are complements.11. phrase structure rule: The special type of grammatical mechanism that regulates the arrangement of elements that make up a phrase is called a phrase structure rule. 14. coordination: Some structures are formed by joining two or more elements of the same type with the help of a conjunction such as and or or. Such phenomenon is known as coordination.15. subcategorization: The information about a word’s complement is included in the head and termed suncategorization.16. complementizer: Words which introduce the sentence complement are termed complementizer.17. complement clause: The sentence introduced by the complementizer is called a complement clause.18. complement phrase: the elements, including a complementizer and a complement clause is called a complement phrase.19. matrix clause: the contrusction in which the complement phrase is embedded iscalled matrix clause.20. modifier: the element, which specifies optionally expressible properties of heads is called modifier.21. transformation : a special type of rule that can move an element from one position to another22. inversion : the process of transformation that moves the auxiliary from the Infl position to a position to the left of the subject, is called inversion.23. Do insertion : In the process of forming yes-no question that does not contain an overt Infl, interrogative do is inserted into an empty Infl positon to make transformation work.24. deep structure : A level of abstract syntactic representation formed by the XP rule.25. surface structure : A level of syntactic representation after applying the necessary syntactic movement, i.e., transformation, to the deep structure. (05)26. universal grammar: the innateness principles and properties that pertain to the grammars of all human languages.Chapter 5: Semantics1. semantics: Semantics can be simply defined as the study of meaning.3. sense : Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form. It is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form. It is abstract and de-contexturalized. It is the aspect of meaning dictionary compilers are interested in.4. reference : Reference means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world. It deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.5. synonymy: Synonymy refers to the sameness or close similarity of meaning. Words that are close in meaning are called synonyms.6. dialectal synonyms: synonyms that are used in different regional dialects.7. stylistic synonyms: synonyms that differ in style, or degree of formality.8. collocational synonyms: Synonyms that differ in their colllocation, i.e., in the words they go together with.9. polysemy : The same word has more than one meaning.10. homonymy: Homonymy refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form, i.e., different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both.11. homophones: When two words are identical in sound, they are homophones.12. homographs: When two words are identical in spelling, they are homographs.13. complete homonymy: When two words are identical in both sound and spelling, they are complete homonyms.14. hyponymy: Hyponymy refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word.15. superordinate: The word which is more general in meaning is called the superordinate.16. co-hyponyms: Hyponyms of the same superordinate are co-hyponyms.17. antonymy: The term antonymy is used for oppositeness of meaning.20. relational opposites: Pairs if words that exhibit the reversal of a relationshipbetween the two items are called relational opposites. For example, husband---wife, father---son, buy---sell, let---rent, above---below.21. entailment: the relationship between two sentences where the truth of one is inferred from the truth of the other. E.g. Cindy killed the dog entails the dog is dead.22. presupposition: What a speaker or writer assumes that the receiver of the massage already knows. e.g. Some tea has already been taken is a presupposition of Take some more tea.Chapter 6: Pragmatics1. pragmatics: The study of how speakers uses sentences to effect successful communication.2. context: The general knowledge shared by the speakers and the hearers.3. sentence meaning: The meaning of a self-contained unit with abstract and de-contextualized features.4. utterance meaning: The meaning that a speaker conveys by using a particular utterance in a particular context.5. utterance: expression produced in a particular context with a particular intention.6. Speech Act Theory: The theory proposed by John Austin and deepened by Searle, which believes that we are performing actions when we are speaking.7. constatives: Constatives are statements that either state or describe, and are thus verifiable.8. performatives: Pe rformatives are sentences that don’t state a fact or describe a state, and are not verifiable.9. locutionary act: The act of conveying literal meaning by virtue of syntax, lexicon and phonology.10. illocutionary act: The act of expressing the speaker’s i ntention and performed in saying something.11. perlocutionary act: The act resulting from saying something and the consequence or the change brought about by the utterance.12. representatives: Stating or describing, saying what the speaker believes to be true.13. directives: Trying to get the hearer to do something.17. cooperative Principle: The principle that the participants must first of all be willing to cooperate in making conversation, otherwise, it would be impossible to carry on the talk.18. conversational implicature: The use of conversational maxims to imply meaning during conversation.Chapter 7: Language Change8. acronyms: Acronyms are words derived from the initials of several words.9. protolanguage: The original form of a language family, which has ceased to exist.10. Language family: A group of historically related languages that have developed from a common ancestral language.Chapter 8: Language And Society1. sociolinguistics: The subfield of linguistics that study language variation and language use in social contexts.2. speech community: A group of people who form a community and share at leastone speech variety as well as similar linguistic norms.3. speech varieties: It refers to any distinguishable form of speech used by a speaker or a group of speakers.4. regional dialect: A variety of language used by people living in the same geographical region.5. sociolect: A variety of language used by people, who belong to a particular social class.6. registers : The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation.7. idiolect : A person’s dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements, regarding regional, social, gender and age variations.8. linguistic reportoire : The totality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his linguistic repertoire.9. register theory : A theory proposed by American linguist Halliday, who believed that three social variables determine the register, namely, field of discourse, tenor of discourse and mode of discourse.10. field of discourse : the purpose and subject matter of the communicative behavior..11. tenor of discourse: It refers to the role of relationship in the situation in question: who the participants in the communication groups are and in what relationship they stand to each other.12. mode of discourse: It refers to the means of communication and it is concerned with how communication is carried out.13. standard dialect: A superposed variety of language of a community or nation, usually based on the speech and writing of educated native speakers of the language.14. formality: It refers to the degree of formality in different occasions and reflects the relationship and conversations. According to Martin Joos, there are five stages of formality, namely, intimate, casual, consultative, formal and frozen.15. Pidgin: A blending of several language, developing as a contact language of people, who speak different languages, try to communication with one another on a regular basis.16. Creole : A pidgin language which has become the native language of a group of speakers used in this daily life.17. bilingualism : The use of two different languages side by side with each having a different role to play, and language switching occurs when the situation changes.(07C) 18. diaglossia : A sociolinguistic situation in which two different varieties of language co-exist in a speech community, each having a definite role to play.19. Lingua Franca : A variety of language that serves as a medium of communication among groups of people, who speak different native languages or dialects20. code-switching: the movement back and forth between two languages or dialects within the same sentence or discourse.Chapter 10: Language Acquisition1. language acqui sition: It refers to the child’s acquisition of his mother tongue, i.e. how the child comes to understand and speak the language of his community.2. language acquisition device (LAD): A hypothetical innate mechanism every normalhuman child is believed to be born with, which allow them to acquire language.3. Universal Grammar: A theory which claims to account for the grammatical competence of every adult no matter what language he or she speaks.4. motherese: A special speech to children used by adults, which is characterized with slow rate of speed, high pitch, rich intonation, shorter and simpler sentence structures etc.----又叫child directed speech，caretaker talk.5. Critical Period Hypothesis: The hypothesis that the time span between early childhood and puberty is the critical period for language acquisition, during which children can acquire language without formal instruction successfully and effortlessly.6. under-extension: Use a word with less than its usual range of denotation.7. over-extension: Extension of the meaning of a word beyond its usual domain of application by young children.8. telegraphic speech: Childre n’s early multiword speech that contains content words and lacks function words and inflectional morphemes.9. content word: Words referring to things, quality, state or action, which have lexical meaning used alone.10. function word: Words with little meaning on their own but show grammatical relationships in and between sentences.11. taboo: Words known to speakers but avoided in some contexts of speech for reasons of religion, politeness etc.12. atypical development: Some acquisition of language may be delayed but follow the same rules of language development due to trauma or injury.Chapter 11 : Second Language Acquisition1. second language acquisition: It refers to the systematic study of how one person acquires a second language subsequent to his native language.2. target language: The language to be acquired by the second language learner.3. second language: A second language is a language which is not a native language ina country but which is widely used as a medium of communication and which is usually used alongside another language or languages.4. foreign language: A foreign language is a language which is taught as a school subject but which is not used as a medium of instruction in schools nor as a language of communication within a country.5. interlanguage: A type of language produced by second and foreign language learners, who are in the process of learning a language, and this type of language usually contains wrong expressions.6. fossilization: In second or foreign language learning, there is a process which sometimes occurs in which incorrect linguistic features become a permanent part of the way a person speaks or writes a language.14. overgeneralization: The use of previously available strategies in new situations, in which they are unacceptable.15. cross-association: some words are similar in meaning as well as spelling and pronunciation. This internal interference is called cross-association.16. error: the production of incorrect forms in speech or writing by a non-native speaker of a second language, due to his incomplete knowledge of the rules of thattarget language.17. mistake: mistakes, defined as either intentionally or unintentionally deviant forms and self-corrigible, suggest failure in performance.18. input: language which a learner hears or receives and from which he or she can learn.19. intake: the input which is actually helpful for the learner.20. Input Hypothesis: A hypothesis proposed by Krashen , which states that in second language learning, it’s necessary f or the learner to understand input language which contains linguistic items that are slightly beyond the learner’s present linguistic competence. Eventually the ability to produce language is said to emerge naturally without being taught directly.21. acquisition: Acquisition is a process similar to the way children acquire their first language. It is a subconscious process without minute learning of grammatical rules. Learners are hardly aware of their learning but they are using language to communicate. It is also called implicit learning, informal learning or natural learning.23. comprehensible input: Input language which contains linguistic items that are slightly beyond the learner’s pre sent linguistic competence.24. language aptitude: the natural ability to learn a language, not including intelligence, motivation, interest, etc.25. motivation: motivation is defined as the learner’s attitudes and affective state or learning drive.26. instrumental motivation: the motivation that people learn a foreign language for instrumental goals such as passing exams, or furthering a career etc.27. integrative motivation: the drive that people learn a foreign language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.28. resultative motivation: the drive that learners learn a second language for external purposes.29. intrinsic motivation: the drive that learners learn the second language for enjoyment or pleasure from learning.Chapter 12 : Language And Brain1. neurolinguistics: It is the study of relationship between brain and language. It includes research into how the structure of the brain influences language learning, how and in which parts of the brain language is stored, and how damage to the brain affects the ability to use language.2. psycholinguistics: the study of language processing. It is concerned with the processes of language acqisition, comprehension and production.7. aphasia: It refers to a number of acquired language disorders due to the cerebral lesions caused by a tumor, an accident and so on.13. spoonerism: a slip of tongue in which the position of sounds, syllables, or words is reversed, for example, Let’s have chish and fips instend of Let’s have fish and chips.14. priming: the process that before the participants make a decision whether the string of letters is a word or not, they are presented with an activated word.15. frequency effect: Subjects take less time to make judgement on frequently used words than to judge less commonly used words . This phenomenon is calledfrequency effect.16. lexical decision: an experiment that let participants judge whether a string of letter is a word or not at a certain time.18. priming effect: Since the mental representation is activated through the prime, when the target is presented, response time is shorter that it otherwise would have been. This is called the priming effect.。

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技能,技巧smile 微笑sound 声音step 脚步,脚步声strength 力量,力气sweat 汗水talent 天才,天赋tear 眼泪virtue 美德voice 说话声,嗓音whistle 口哨,口哨声衣物类apron 围裙,工作裙bathrobe 浴衣belt (皮)带blouse 宽罩衫,短上衣boot 长筒靴,靴cap 帽子clothes 衣服,各种衣物clothing (总称)衣服coat 外套collar 衣领,硬领dress 女裙,连衣裙garment 衣服,服装,衣着glove 手套gown 礼服,长袍,睡衣,法衣handkerchief 手帕hat 帽子,礼帽helmet 头盔jacket 短上衣,夹克衫jeans 牛仔裤jumper 套头衫mask 口罩,面具miniskirt 超短裙3necktie 领带,领花overcoat 大衣raincoat 雨衣scarf 领巾,围巾shirt 男衬衫shoe 鞋shorts 短裤,运动短裤skirt 女裙sleeve 袖子,袖套small 小件衣物sneaker 轻便运动鞋sock 短袜stocking 长统袜suit 一套衣服,套装sweater 厚运动衫;毛衣tie 领带,领结trousers 裤子,长裤t-shirt T恤衫underwear 内衣uniform 制服vest 背心,内衣windbreaker 风衣,防风夹克床上用品，材料类bag 书包,提包bedclothes 铺盖blanket 毛毯,毯子button 纽扣carpet 地毯cloth 布cotton 棉花cover 盖子,罩子curtain 窗帘cushion 垫子fur 毛皮glass 眼镜handbag 女用皮包jewel 宝石jewelry 珠宝leather 皮革mat 垫子necklace 项链packet 小包裹,袋purse 钱包quilt 被子,被状物rag 破布,抹布ring 戒指,环形物schoolbag 书包sheet 被单,被褥silk 丝,丝织品sunglasses 太阳镜,墨镜towel 毛巾wallet 皮夹wool 羊毛,羊绒zip 拉链zipper 拉链餐饮，工具，厨卫相关，barbecue 烤肉野餐breakfast 早餐brunch 早午饭,早午餐buffet 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盒子case箱子chair 椅子comb梳子desk 书桌furniture家具mop 拖把seat座位shelf架子sofa沙发suitcase小箱子table 桌子家电产品，数码类battery电池bell钟camera照相机cassette 磁带cd=compact光盘memory计算机储存光盘channel频道clock钟computer计算机disk磁盘drier烘干机5drill钻头electricity 电流e-mail电子邮件fan风扇fax传真film 电影flashlight手电筒frige 冰箱internet互联网iron熨斗keyboard键盘lift电梯loudspeaker扬声器machine机器microscope显微镜mobile phone 手提电话modem调制解调器phone电话radio无线电razor剃须刀receive电话听筒refrigerator冰箱robot机器人safe保险箱shaver电动剃须刀socket 插座software软件stopwatch秒表tape 磁带tape recorder磁带录音机telegram 电报telephone电话telescope望远镜telegram电报television 电视typewriter 打字机videophone可视电话washing-machine 洗衣机watch 手表website网站wire电线家用器具、工具anchor锚baggage行李basket篮子birdcage鸟笼board 木牌brush刷子bucket 铲斗cage 笼子candle 蜡烛carrier货架chain链条drawer 抽屉glass玻璃hammer锥子handle把柄hook钩子key钥匙ladder梯子lamp灯lantern灯笼lid盖子light灯光link连环lock锁luggage 行李mirror镜子nail钉子needle针paint油漆2parcel包裹pipe管子plug塞子rope绳子screen屏幕spade铲子stick木棍string细绳sword 剑刀tent帐篷thread 线tool 工具toothbrush 牙刷toothpaste牙膏tube管umbrella 雨伞vase花瓶wax蜡web 网社会经济实体agency代理机构airline航公公司bakery 面包店bank银行barbershop理发店branch 分公司brewery 啤酒厂butcher肉店chain store 连锁店cinema 电影院company 公司corporation大公司department-store百货商场downtown 商业区enterprise公司factory 工厂fair集市memorial纪念馆museum 博物馆night-club夜总会opera house 歌剧院shop 商店store 商店studio 工作室supermarket超级市场theatre 剧院zoo动物园体育设施场所barrier屏障birthplace出生地block 街区booth岗亭camp夏令营channel水渠city城市club 俱乐部countryside乡下farm农场home 家hometown故乡lost found失物招领处monument 纪念碑neighborhood四邻net网network网络office办公室palace宫殿park公园phone-booth公用电话亭playhouse 儿童游戏室playroom游戏室pond池塘pool水塘pyramid锥形settlement定居地society社会6square广场stage舞台stand台step台阶telephone-booth 公用电话亭tomb坟墓tower塔town城镇trap陷阱unit单位village乡村well井水workplace工作场所world世界zone 区域著名城市，地区Beijing北京honking香港London伦敦Macao澳门middle-east中东Moscow莫斯科new York纽约Ottawa温哥华Paris巴黎上海shanghaiSydney悉尼Tibet西藏Tokyo东京Toronto多伦多交通运输工具airplane飞机aircraft 飞机airplane 飞机ambulance 救护车bicycle自行车bike 自行车boat 小船brake 刹车bus 公共汽车cab出租车canoe 独木舟car 汽车carriage 马车coach四轮大马车engine 发动机express快车ferry 渡船flight航班handtruck 手推车helicopter直升飞机jeep 吉普车jet 喷气式飞机lifeboat 救生船lorry运货汽车minibus 小型汽车motor 发动机motorcycle 摩托车plane 飞机jrocket 火箭ship 轮船shuttle 航班spaceship 宇宙飞船speed 速度subway 地铁tanker 油船taxi 出租车tractor 拖拉机traffic 来往车辆train 火车tram 有轨电车trolley bus 无轨电车truck卡车tyre 轮胎underground地铁vehicle 交通工具wheel 轮胎交通运输设施airport 航空站alley 小巷apron停机称avenue 大道canal 运河circuit 环形路线crossroad 交叉路口destination目的地entrance 入口exit 出口freeway 高速公路harbor港口highway 高速公路jam 交通赌赛meeting 汇合点pavement 人行道platform月台port 港口rail 铁路railway 铁路ring-road 环形公路road 道路roundabout 转盘路route 路线sideroad 人行道sideway岔路station 站点stop 停靠点street 街道terminal终点站traffic 交通track 轨道transport 运输turning 拐角处way 路zebra-crossing 斑马线天文地理air空气atmosphere大气climate气候cloud 云damp 潮湿darkness 黑暗drought 干旱earth 地球flood洪水fog 雾frost 霜gravity 重力heat 热hurricane飓风hydrogen氢气ice 冰lighting 闪电mist薄雾moon 月球orbit 运行轨道oxygen 氧气phenomenon现象planet 行星rain 雨rainbow 彩虹rainfall 降雨ray 光辉shine 光泽sky 天smog 烟雾smoke 烟7snow 雪spray 水雾star 星steam气storm风暴sun 太阳sunlight 日光sunshine 阳光temperature 温度thunder 雷声thunderstorm雷雨交加typhoon台风universe 宇宙warmth 暖和wave 波浪weather天气wind 风立法时间day 天daytime 白天dawn黎明dusk黄昏sunrise日出sunset日落morning 早晨noon 中午afternoon 傍晚evening 傍晚night 夜midnight 午夜a.m 午前p.m 下午second 秒minute 分hour 小时o’clock 点钟today 今天tomorrow 明天yesterday 昨晚tonight 今夜week 星期weekday 平日weekend 周末workday 工作日Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday 星期四Friday 星期五Saturday 星期六Sunday星期日month 月year 年January一月February 二月march 三月April 四月may 五月June 六月July七月august八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月season 季节spring春天summer 夏天autumn 秋天fall 冬天winter 冬天ad公元adolescence 青春age 年龄anniversary周年纪念日BC公元前beginning开始birthday生日break 间隙century世纪childhood 幼年时代date 日期deadline 最后期限decade 十年期delay 延期ending 结局eve前夕first 首先fortnight 十四期future将来generation 代holiday 假日interval 间隔lifetime 一生mid-autumn 中秋moment 片刻once 一次past 过去period 时期process过程schedule 时间表session 一场stage 阶段term 学期time时间timetable 时间表vacation假期while 一会儿youth 青春地理，地貌，地质altitude海拔高度ash 灰末bank 岸边bay 海湾beach 海滨，海滩channel 海峡coast 海岸，海滨continent 大陆dam 水坝desert 沙漠dust 灰尘，尘土earthquake 地震environment 环境field 田地，牧场ground 地面hill 小山hillside 山腰hole 洞，坑iceberg 冰山island 岛lake 湖land 陆地mainland 大陆mountain 山脉mud 泥浆ocean 海洋place 地方，处所prairie 大草原river 江河；水道rock 岩石；大石头sand 沙子sea 海洋seaside 海滨shore 滨，海岸solid 固体，立体soil 土壤，土地stone 石头，石材strait 海峡8stream 小河，溪流valley 山谷，溪谷volcano 火山资源矿产相关aluminum 铝atom 原子；微粒carbon 碳chemical 化学品clay 黏土，陶土coal 煤，煤块diamond 钻石，金刚石dioxide 二氧化物fountain 喷泉gas 天然气；煤气gold 黄金iron 铁lead 铅marble 大理石metal 金属mineral 矿物质，矿物mine 矿藏oilfield 油田petrol 石油radium 镭radiation 放射物silver 银steel 钢，钢铁自然界，职务相关bamboo 竹bush 灌木丛fire 火灾flame 火焰flower 花forest 森林grass 草jungle 丛林，密林leaf 叶life 生命maple 枫树mature 自然object 物；物体pine 松树plant 植物root 根，根源rose 玫瑰花sex 性，性别shade 阴凉处，树阴处shadow 影子，阴影straw 稻草tree 树trunk 树干weed 杂草，野草woods 森林颜色，色彩black 黑色blue 蓝色brown 褐色colour 颜色dark 黑暗green 绿色pink 粉红色purple 紫色red 红色white 白色yellow 黄色方向，方位back 后面，后部bottom 底，底部direction 方向east 东方edge 末尾；终点focus 焦点，中心点front 前面，开头inside 里面，内部left 左边north 北方northeast 东北northwest 西北outside 外面position 位置right 右边side 旁边，侧面south 南方，南部southeast 东南southwest 西南space 空间top 顶部，物体上面west 西方，西部世界地理区分africa 非洲antarctica 南极洲asia 亚洲europe 欧洲oceania 大洋洲the north america北美洲the south america南美洲南北极与四大洋the antarctic 南极the arctic 北极the north pole 北极the south pole南极the arctic ocean 北冰洋the indian ocean 印度洋the pacific ocean 太平洋世界国家或地名america美国，美洲australia 澳洲；澳大利亚belgium 比利时britain 美国；不列颠canada 加拿大china 中国egypt 埃及england 英格兰france 法国germany 德国greece 希腊iceland 冰岛india 印度ireland 爱尔兰italy 意大利japan 日本mexico 墨西哥new zealand 新西兰russia 俄罗斯scotland苏格兰spain 西班牙switzerland 瑞士u.k.=uunite kingdom 英国，联合国u.n.=the unitdednations 联合国ica 美国动物，飞禽，走兽，昆虫ant 蚂蚁bat 蝙蝠bear 熊beast 野兽bee 蜜蜂bird 鸟butterfly 蝴蝶camel 骆驼cat 猫cattle 牛chicken 鸡9cock 公鸡cow 母牛creature 生物deer 鹿dinosaur 恐龙dog 狗dragon 龙duck 鸭子eagle 鹰elephant 象fish 鱼类fly 苍蝇fox 狐狸frog 青蛙giraffe 长颈鹿goat 山羊goose 鹅hen 母鸡horse 马insect 昆虫kangaroo 大袋鼠lamb 羔羊lion 狮子monkey 猴子mosquito 蚊子mouse 鼠，耗子ox 牛，公牛panda 熊猫parrot 鹦鹉pest 害虫pet 宠物pig 猪pigeon 鸽子rabbit 兔rat 老鼠rooster 公鸡seagull 海鸥seal 海豹seashell 海贝shark 鲨鱼sheep 绵羊snake 蛇sparrow 麻雀squid 鱿鱼squirrel 松鼠tiger 老虎tortoise 乌龟turkey 火鸡whale 鲸wildlife 野生动物wolf 狼worm 软体虫zebra 斑马学科，科目accounting 会计学agriculture 农业，农学algebra 代数architecture 建筑学，建筑设计arithmetic 算术art 艺术，美术astronomy 天文学biochemistry 生物化学biology 生物学botany 植物；植物学chemistry 化学ecology 生态，生态学engineering 工程学finance 财政学，金融学gardening 园艺学geography 地理学geometry 几何学gymnastic 体操history 历史law 法律literature 文学mathematics 数学medicine 内服药，医学music 音乐nursing 保育，护理学physical education 体育physics 物理philosophy 哲学politics 政治psychology 心理学science 科学，自然科学sculpture 雕塑。

英语词汇学习题集（Chapter 1—Chapter 3）Chapter 1 The Basic Concepts of Words andVocabulary1. Decide whether the following are true or false.( ) a. A word can be defined in different ways from different points of view.( ) b. Under no circumstances can sound and meaning be logically related.( ) c. The introduction of printing press resulted in a lot more differences between sound and form.( ) d. The words a person can use in speaking and writing form his active vocabulary.( ) e. The principles by which to classify words are usage, notion and origin.( ) f. Native words are more popular than foreign words.( ) g. Native words enjoy the same features as the basic word stock and more.2. Give a term for each of the following definitions.a. sub-standard words often used on informal occasions ( )b. specialized vocabulary common in certain professions ( )c. words used by sup-cultural groups particularly by underground society ( )d. words that have clear notions ( )e. words of Anglo-Saxon origin( )f. words borrowed by way of translation ( )g. old words with new meanings( )Key:1. a.(T) b.(F) c.(T) d.(T) e.(F) f.(F) g.(T)2. a. slang b. jargon c. argot d. content words e. native words f. translation loans g. neologismsChapter 3 Morphological Structure of English Words1. Explain the following terms:1) morpheme 2) allomorph3) bound morpheme 4) free morpheme5) affix 6) inflectional affix7) derivational affix 8) root9) stemplete the following sentences with proper words according to the text.1) Structurally, a word is not the_________ unit because many words are analyzable or segmentable.2) The morpheme is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of ___________.3) Morphemes fall into different classes by different criteria of classification. Now people tent to group morphemes into groups:_________ and _________.4) According to the functions of affixes, we can put them into groups:______ and_____.5) The number of inflectional affixes is ________and ________, which makes English one of the easiest languages to learn.6) Derivational affixes can be further divided into __________and ________.7) A_________, whether free or bound, generally carries the main component of meaning in a word.8) A________ can be defined as a form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Key:1. 1) a minimum meaningful unit of a language2) one of the variants that realize a morpheme3) a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme4) a morpheme that can stand alone5) a morpheme attached to a stem or a root6) an affix that indicates grammatical relationships7) an affix that forms new words with a stem or a root8) what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes9) a form to which affixes of any kind can be added2. 1) smallest 2) words3) free morphemes, bound morphemes 4) inflectional (affixes), derivational (affixes)5) small, stable 6) prefixes, suffixes7) root 8) stemChapter 4 Word Formation1.Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Put F and T inthe brackets.( ) a. The most productive ways of word-formation are affixation, compounding and conversion.( ) b. Shortening includes clipping and blending.( ) c. Prefixation and suffixation are two subbranches of affixation.( ) d. Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems.( ) e. Compounding is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems. ( ) f. The limited number of verb compounds are created either through conversion or back-formation.( ) g. Verb compounds in the way of back-formation are formed mainly by dropping prefixes.( ) h. Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class. These words are new only in a grammatical sense.( ) i. Blending is the formation of new words by combining part of two words or a word plus a part of another word.( ) j. Clipping, a way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and adding a new part to the original .( ) k. Words formed through acronymy are called initialisms or acronyms, depending on the spelling of the words.( ) l. Back-formation is the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.2. Study the following words and decide how each word was formed. Put youranswer in the bracket.Example: disobey (affixation or prefixation)disloyal ( ) harden ( )mass-produce ( ) motel ( )downfall ( ) dorm ( )incapable ( ) VOA ( )glorify ( ) radar ( )edit ( ) sandwich ( )familiars ( ) gas ( )water-proof ( ) quixotic ( )Affixation1. What is affixation?2. What is the difference between prefixation and suffixation?3. What is the fundamental difference between prefixes and suffixes?4. Match the prefixes in column A with the words in column B.A Bdis- capableil- willingnessim- legalin- agreementnon- officiallyun- convenientsmoker5. Match the suffixes in Column A with the words in column B.A B-er book-let friend-ship wait-tion china-ese lady-like protect-able natural-ly wash-en dark-fy beautyCompounding1. Express the following in one compound word:a. someone who writes songsb. someone who cleans windowsc. the race for armsd. the train in the morninge. a mine for goldf. bathe in the sung. as cheap as dirth. tanned by the sun2. The compounds in each of the following pairs are similar in structure. Pleaseindicate the different relations of the elements of the two compounds in each pair by syntactic paraphrases.Example: duty-free: free from dutiesraindrop flowerbedair-tight sea-greena well-meant remark a well-behaved personwar-ruined houses country-bred boysa computer-designer a sun-bathersteam engine fire enginesilk worm gaslighthandwriting faultfindingan ocean-going ship peace-loving peoplelanguage teacher baby-sitter3. Translate the following into Chinese:a. knee-deep f. pitch dark / blackb. life-like g. carefreec. snow-white h. soundproofd. nation-wide i. fireproofe. shoulder-high j. lifelong4. According to the definitions given below, write the other part of the nouncompounds, the first part already given.a. a stretch of land, round a town, where building is not al-lowed, so that thefields, woods, etc., remain: green___________b. a booklet giving all the most important information about a subject:hand_______c. an idea that comes later: after_______d. a pill which helps a person to sleep: sleeping_________e. a headline repeated on consecutive pages (as of a book): running_________f. a cloth that is used for washing one’s face and body: wash__________g. strong sunlight as when there are no clouds: sun________h. the action of forcing a way through the enemy: break__________i. a public show of anger: out __________j. a division into smaller parts: break_________5. Turn the phrasal verbs below into compounds:break through fall down break outtake in slide down cry outrun away hang overConversion1. Choose the best answer to complete each statement.( ) a. Conversion is a method_________.A. of turning words of one part of speech to those of a dif-ferent part of speechB. of converting words of one meaning into different meaningC. of deriving words through grammatical meansD. of changing words in morphological structure( ) b. Words involved in conversion are mainly_____________.A nouns, verbs and adverbsB nouns, adjectives and verbsC nouns, prepositions and verbsD adjectives, adverbs and verbs( ) c. In a derivational process, an item is converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. The name is______.A full conversionB partial conversionC functional shiftD zero-derivation( ) d. Almost all monomorphemic _______ can be conversed into nouns, which are semantically related to the original verbs in various ways.A verbsB adjectivesC adverbsD prepositions( ) e. Nouns converted from adjectives nave all the characteristics of nouns and achieve a full noun status, thus known as ____________.A partial conversionB full conversionC functional shiftD grammatical shift( ) f. Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does. They must be used together with ____________.A plural formsB single formsC adjectivesD definite articles( ) g. The conversion of two-syllable nouns into verbs involves a change of ________.A spellingB pronunciationC stressD function( ) h. In most cases a noun can be converted to a verb ____________.A with some changesB without any changeC with some changes in spellingD without any change in pronunciation2. Give your explanation for each of the following converted words in the sentences below:a. So she believed me and doctored my battered face, pleased that she could be useful.b. The train was telescoped as a result of the collision.c. We cannot mandate a solution to inflation.d. A team of experts at Columbia is now cataloguing the tapes and indexing the transcripts, which will be available for scholarly research.e. There will be a repeat of this program next week.f. Heart transplants began ten years ago. Why have British doctors done only four since then?g. In the choice of diction he has a taste for the quaint and the picturesque.h. The correspondent tried to get an interview with the condemned.k. The television drearies the ball game.l. The president was sketchiest in broad-brushing his goals in foreign policy. Blending1. Explain the characteristics of blending with examples.2. Explain the four types of blends with examples.3. Analyses the formation of the following blends and translate them intoChinese.botel skylabchunnel humintadvertistics medicaidworkfare psywarNixonomics comsatClipping1. Explain the characteristics of clipping with examples.2. Give examples to explain the different types of clipping.3. Read the following sentences and restore the full forms of the italicizedwords.a. Did you see the doctor’s dilemma on telly last night? ( )b. Palestinian demos mark massacres. ( )c. The America was the first to nuke two Japanese cities. ( )d. Viet troops suffer setback in Kampuchea. ( )e. The police asks for info on stolen computers. ( )f. Rural credit co-ops to get more autonomy. ( )g. Today, china acts to meet high-tech challenge. ( )h. Setback for governing parties in euro vote. ( )Acronymy1. What do the short forms stand for?EEC, OPEC, SLAM, ELSS, EDVAC, GEM, NSC, ERDA, ID2. Explain the following words:SALT laser AIDS V-Day D-Day G-manBack-formation1. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choosethe one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.( ) a. Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of________.A prefixation B. suffixation C. acronymy D. conversion( ) b. Back-formation usually involves _ _____types of words.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 2( ) c. Stylistically, back-formed words are largely ______ and some of them have not gained public acceptance.A. formalB. adjectivesC. human nounsD. informal( ) d. Back-formation is the method of creating new words by ______ the so-called suffixes.A. removingB. combiningC. shorteningD. considering2. Give the original words from which the following words are back-formed. globe-trot ______ brainwash ________ghost-write ______ sleep-walk ________spoon-feed ________ air-condition ________book-keep _______ browbeat ______ _caretake _ ______ gatecrash _______housebreak _______ housekeep _______mass-p0roduce _______ lase _______proof-read _ ______ sightsee _______stage-manage _______ merry-make _______street-walk ______ _ window-shop _______Words from Proper NamesDecide whether the following statements are true or false.( ) a. Proper nouns form an important source of English vocabulary.( ) b. Words derived from names include names of people, names of country, names of products and names of books.( ) c. All the words denoting products come from the names of places where they were first made.( ) d. Quite a few words come from names of books and thus take on the meaning of the books.( ) e. When proper nouns are communized, many of them have lost their original identity.( ) f. Proper nouns have rich cultural associations and thus stylistically vivid, impressive and thought-provoking.( ) g. Proper nouns can not take suffixes.Key:1. a. T b. T c. T d. F e. T f. Tg.F h. T i. T j. F k. F l. T2. Disloyal ( prefixation, affixation)Harden (suffixation, affixation)Mass-produce (back-formation)Motel (blending)Downfall (compounding, conversion)dorm (clipping)incapable (prefixation)VOA (acronymy)Glorify (suffixation)Radar (acronymy)Edit (back-formation)Sandwich (word from proper names)Gas (clipping)Water-proof (compounding)Quixotic (word from proper names)Affixation1. Affixation, also called derivation, is the formation of new words by adding affixesto stems.2. While prefixation is to create new words by adding prefixes to stems, suffi9xationmakes new words by adding suffixes to stems.3. Generally speaking, prefixes do not change part of speech of the stems but theirmeaning whereas suffixes do change part of speech but modify the meaning of stems.4. dis + agreement il + legalim + mature in + convenient/ in+ capablenon + smoker un + officiallyun + willingness5. waiter, booklet, friendship, protection, Chinese, ladylike, washable, naturally,darken, beautifyCompounding1. a. song writer b. window-cleanerc. arms raced. morning traine. gold minef. sunbatheg. dirt-cheap h. suntanned2. a drop of rainThe bed for flowersimpermeable to airas green as seaa remark that is well meanthouses ruined by warboys bred in the countryone who designs computerone who bathes in the sunengine powered or operated by steamengine to prevent fireworm that produces silklight produced by gaswriting by handfind faulta ship that goes across oceanspeople who love peaceone who teaches languagesone who sits with babies3. a. 深可没膝的 b. 栩栩如生的 c. 雪白的d. 全国性的e. 齐肩高的f. 漆黑的g. 无忧无虑的h. 隔音的i. 防火的j. 终身的4. a. green belt b. handbook c. afterthoughtd. sleeping pille. running headf. washclothg. sunshine h. breakthrough i. outcry j. breakup Conversion1. a. A b. B c. D d. A e. B f. D g. C h. B2. a. doctored = applied medicine tob. was telescoped = became shorter by sliding into one anotherc. mandate = work out a solution by issuing an authoritative or-derd. cataloguing = making a catalogue ofindexing = making an index ofe. a repeat = a rebroadcastf. transplants = instances of transplantingg. the quaint = something quaintthe picturesque = something picturesqueh. the condemned = the person who has been convictedi. moderns = modern paintersj. heavies = big shotsk. drearies = makes deary (dull)1. broad-brushing = describing in broad outlinee.g. flush (flash = blush) smog (smoke = fog)2. Four major patterns:head +tail – motel (motor = hotel)head +head – telex ( teleprinter = exchange)head + word –medicare (medical +care)word = tail – bookmobile (book + automobile)3. botel (boat +hotel) 汽艇游客旅馆chunnel (channel + tunnel) 海峡隧道advertistics ( advertising + statistics)广告统计学workfare (word + welfare) 工作福利Nixonomics (Nixon + economics)尼克松的经济政策skylab (sky + laboratory)太空实验室humint ( human + intelligence) 谍报medicaid (medical + aid)医疗援助计划psywar (psychological + warfare)心理战comsat (communications + satellite)通讯卫星Clipping1. Clipping is a way of making a new word by cutting a part off the original andusing what remains instead.e. g. omnibus – busaeroplane – planeexamination – exambicycle – bike2. Four types of clipping:1) front + clipping telephone – phoneback clipping gentleman – gentfront and back clipping refrigerator – fridgephrase clipping3. a. television b. demonstrations c. nucleard. Vietnamesee. informationf. co-operativesg. high-technology h. EuropeanAcronymy1. EEC = European Economic CommunityOPEC = Organization of petroleum exporting countriesSLAM = Supersonic low altitude missileStrategic low altitude missileELSS = extravehicular life support systemEDVAC = electronic discrete variable automatic computerGEM = ground effect machineNSC= national Security CouncilERDA = energy research and development administrationID = identity card2. SALT: Strategic arms limitation talkslaser: lightwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndromeV-Day: Victory DayD-Day: decimalization dayG-man: Government manBack-formation1. a. B b. B c. D d. A2. globe-trotter brainwashingghost-writer sleep-walkerspoon-fed air-conditioningbook-keeping browbeatingcaretaker gatecrasherhousebreaker housekeepermass-production laserproof-reading sightseeingstage-manger merry-makingstreetwalker window-shoppingWord from Proper Namesa. Tb. Tc. Fd. Fe. Tf. Tg. F。