2011年冬大学英语四级考试模拟题一

2011级大学英语四级考试模拟试题参考答案Key to Model T est OnePart I WritingUniversities Taking DonationsIt is common now for people to give and universities to take donations. Many universities, especially those elite ones, can receive millions from the individuals and companies every year. For example, Zhejiang University was reported to have accepted more than 520 million yuan in 2010 from its alumni.People have different views on universities’ taking donations. Some believe that more funds will contribute to a better development of the university, and donations can aid students who come from low-income families. Others, however, argue that colleges shouldn’t accept endowment, since the governmental funds allocated to universities are enough for their development. They also point out that many universities fail to make good use of the donations and most money don’t go to poor students.In my opinion, taking donations benefits not only the university but also its students. Even if most donations are not given to poor students directly, they help update teaching facilities and improve the school environment, which will benefit the students indirectly. Therefore, universities’ taking donations should be advocated.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. C)2. B)3. D)4. A)5. D)6. B)7. C)8 attractive 9. an online hit 10. criticized这里我把听力答案以及后面附有的听力原文删掉了，需要的话向听力老师要Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47. O) 48. I) 49. M) 50. H) 51. L) 52. B) 53. E) 54. D) 55. N) 56. F)57. C) 58. C) 59. B) 60. D) 61. A)62. B) 63. C) 64. A) 65. D) 66. C)Part V Cloze67. C) 68. A) 69. D) 70. B) 71. D) 72. C) 73. A) 74. C) 75. B) 76. A)77. D) 78. B) 79. C) 80. A) 81. D) 82. B) 83. A) 84. C) 85. D) 86. B)Part VI Translation87. would never have missed the chance88. be measured purely by examination results89. adjusted to the harsh weather there90. do they know about German91. at the thought of meeting himKey to Model T est TwoPart I WritingPaying Kids for Chores?A rising proportion of parents pay their children to do chores around the house nowadays. For example, some parents will give their kids allowances if they clean the room, do laundry, set the table, or prepare simple food for the family.People differ on whether parents should pay their kids for doing housework. Supporters say tying kids’ allowances to housework is a good way to teach kids accountability and responsibility. It also helps children learn about money and how it works. But critics of this approach say children should do routine housework for free. The reason is simple: chores are part of a family, and everyone does chores.Personally, I don’t think parents should adopt the pay-for-work view. Paying kids to help out sends the wrong massage: they are entitled to freely have everything parents provide for them while the contributions they make to the family have to be paid for. It risks creating teenagers who would worship money and who are likely to drive a hard bargain just to take out the garbage.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. C)2. D)3. B)4. B)5. A)6. C)7. B)8 an improved complaints procedure 9. improve their offer 10. demandingPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47. K) 48. F) 49. A) 50. H) 51. B) 52. C) 53. E) 54. D) 55. L) 56. I)57. B) 58. A) 59. D) 60. C) 61. B)62. D) 63. C) 64. B) 65. B) 66. A)Part V Cloze67. D) 68. B) 69. A) 70. B) 71. C) 72. A) 73. C) 74. B) 75. A) 76. C)77. D) 78. B) 79. C) 80. D) 81. A) 82. D) 83. C) 84. B) 85. A) 86. D)Part VI Translation87. At the risk of going bankrupt/Running the risk of going bankrupt88. take it for granted that89. (that) some effective measures were taken90. let alone/not to mention a house91. occurs to me thatKey to Model T est ThreePart I WritingStudents’ Driving to SchoolStudents’ driving to school i s no longer as rare as it was two decades ago. A ccording to a news report, in Chongqing University alone, the number of student drivers now reaches over 50. MBA students included, the number will be up to 500.People have different views on students’ driving to school. Some people say it is a natural phenomenon connected with China’s growth — millions of families can afford private cars now. Some consider it improper, sinceit will cause parking problems in the already crowded school. Still, there are people who worry that driving to school is showing off to some extent and might lead to blind comparison among students.In my opinion, as long as students own cars and get driving licenses, they should be allowed to drive themselves to schools. After all, car is a transportation tool. Like cycling and walking, driving just serves as a way to travel between school and home. Therefore, there is nothing to fuss over driving to school, even if the drivers are college students.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. C)2. A)3. D)4. B)5. C)6. B)7. D)8 growth 9. change jobs 10. stuckPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47. O) 48. I) 49. M) 50. D) 51. B) 52. H) 53. F) 54. J) 55. K) 56. L)57. C) 58. D) 59. B) 60. A) 61. B)62. C) 63. D) 64. A) 65. C) 66. B)Part V Cloze67. C) 68. A) 69. B) 70. A) 71. D) 72. C) 73. A) 74. C) 75. D) 76. B)77. D) 78. A) 79. B) 80. C) 81. B) 82. C) 83. D) 84. A) 85. B) 86. D)Part VI Translation87. mobilize the army in an emergency88. It is unbelievable that89. the lower its dropout rate is90. did the factory fulfill the production91. were further narrowed down。

听力原文及答案2011年4月新东方大学英语四级考试模拟题写作参考范文How Should Teachers Help College Students to Be Autonomous Learners?In colleges, many students, first year students in particular, are short of abilities to learn what they are supposed to learn. They feel confused by all their homework load, wondering where and how to begin. They often feel depressed as well, with no spoon feeding like what they used to get from their high school teachers.There are some measures for teachers to take to help them out. First, teachers should make clear to the students what their learning objectives are. Second and more significantly, teachers have the responsibility to impart to them effective learning strategies, to help them with good learning habits. Third, convenient and smooth communication between teachers and students should be established, so that students could get timely guidance from teachers while teachers might help monitor students’ learning process.Only if students could acquire the ability of learning autonomously, could they achieve their learning objectives in college and their goals in real life. It is also beneficial to their lifelong learning, cultivating of critical thinking and success in their career.各部分答案1. B2. C3. D4. C5. B6. D7. C8. high-qualify consumer newsletters9. certain software or support10. giveput you a head of other agentsn edge over others11. C 12. D 13. D 14.B 15. A 16. B 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. B21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. B31. D 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. BD3736) potentially 37) design 38) ban 39) tools 40) union 41) suspect 42)security43) mixed44) A better way to manage phone use might be to develop strict policy at a local level.45) it would be better to trust the teacher with this decision rather than suggesting a blanket ban.46) To my knowledge these stories normally come from classrooms where these devices are banned.47. D 48. I 49. B 50. K 51.A 52. E 53. F 54. H 55. C 56. O 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. A 61. C 62. C 63. C 64. B 65. A 66. C 67. A 68. C 69. A 70. C 71. B 72. C 73. C 74. D 75. A 76. B 77. B 78. C 79. B 80. A 81. B 82. D 83. C 84. C 85. B 86. C87. if only to attract more customers88. make myself heard89. hang on teachers’ every word90.was beyond his wildest dreams91. Given (the fact) that she is interested in children听力原文Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about whatwas said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. Aftereach question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.11. M: Oh my goodness! The coldness is just unbearable here in Beijing. I wish we’vegone went to Hong Kong for this winter holiday instead.W: That’s true. But with the museums and libraries here I believe I’ll be more than happy in this city no matter how cold it is outside.Q: What does the woman mean?12. M: How’s the new semester going? I know you’re always the apple of your teachers’eye.W: To be honest, I’m learning much knowledge this year, but I wish there could be some chances for me to apply them.Q: What does the woman want to do?13. M: Can you help me improve my pronunciation Olivia?W: No problem, but whatever you want to achieve here remember be careful not to overdo it and do it step by step. Last time I had tried to read aloud for two hoursnonstop every morning in three days and, you know what, my throat hurts and Ican even feel it now.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?14. M: My desk computer has been working quite well for the last three years. Alas, itdidn’t work won’t start yesterday. I don’t know why.W: Forget it, Joe. It’s out of fashion now. And it’ll cost more to get it repaired than to get a new device. So why not try iPad.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?15. W: I’ve heard about your success in final exams, you must be satisfied with it.M: Yes, but not really, my scores are good, but there is a long way for me to go to be as good as the best student Joseph.Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?16. W: I can’t decide what to do about the concert tomorrow. Too much homework, youknow.M: You don’t have to go if something more important catches you, but I’ll be glad to go together with you if you want to.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?17. W: Professor Grant suggested I work harder on my practical writing this semester.M: Well, that might help. Last semester you barely got by with a passing score on practical writing. You’d better spend more time on it.Q: What does the man mean?18. W: Jeff, have you heard the latest gossip about restriction on buying private cars insome big cities? It appears it will extend to every city all over the country infuture.M: Oh, that’s right, but that’s none of my business. I’ve had one to my name.Q: How does the man feel about the gossip?Long conversation 1W: Social networking seems very popular among young people all over the world. It seems they can not carry on with their daily life without getting online.M: Yeah, that’s true. They email, chat online, find friendship, maybe even meet their love s on the iI nternet. In a word, they stay online all day long.W: Speaking of finding romance, I came across a matchmaking website designed specially for the disabled people the other day.M: Oh, isn’t it great for those with physical problems? Tell me more about it. Isn’t it very considerate of the website founder to start something like this?W: The CEO of this online dating site Ann Robbins decided to set up a website for singles with disabilities when a young man in a wheelchair came to her formatchmaking. You know, she realizes it’s impossible to match him with her usualclients. So she began to …M: But, we know it’s hard for the disabled to deal with tasks necessary in their daily life.It must be a challenge for them to find and love someone.W: Yes. But Robbins has taken many measures to cope with that. She managed to add some unique features to the dating site. Members can get one-on-one help with theirprofile, schedule an interview with the matchmaker, receive life coaching, date andrelationship coaching, as well as submit questions to “Ask the Coach”via email.Answers are posted weekly on the site's blog.M: That will help a lot. It must have attracted many disabled singles. Right?W: The site has nearly 4,000 members now, with many popping up to register.M: I believe everyone is dateable, with disabilities or healthy, and there is definitely someone out there for every single.W: I go along with you. I’ll email the website address to you later. You can check it out for yourself.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do may young people do when staying online?20. Why did Ann Robbins start a matchmaking website for the disabled?21. How may the website help the disabled singles to find love?22. What skill(s)areis probably required of the website members to have in order to succeed infor matchmaking?Long conversation 2W: Have you noticed the increasing number of international students on our campus recently? It’s good to have them to promote diversity in students in our school.M: Yeah…. Well, as far as I know, things don’t stop there. According to the Association of American Universities, which represents large college campuses in the United States and Canada, 11 of its 61 American member institutions have foreign-born chiefs, up from 6 five years ago.W: That means we have more professors from foreign countries.M: Exactly. Actually they are born in foreign countries. According to the Association of American Universities again, those newly appointed university presidents mainly come from India, the Philippines, and Iran.M: The world is definitely shrinking, huh? With the increasing number of international students and professors on American campuses, how can we name this trend, the globalization of American higher education?W: That’s a good phrase for that phenomenon. It does give us the American students a stronger sense of being world citizens.M: Right, that’s actually one of the goals of higher education.W: That’s what we are tol d since the start of college life. But, imagine, you wake up and find you are surrounded by international students and teachers, and we American students become the minority on campus, how do you feel about that?M: Certainly, I’ll feel lost, I’ll feel I’m not in America. I may ask myself, where is America?W: I’ll have the same response if everyday I attend classes together with people who don’t look like me at all.M: Even worse, we may face fierce competition with them when it’s time for college graduates to find jobs in the real world.W: Who knows?! Let’s hurry up. The lecture starts soon.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. According to the Association of American Universities, what happened to its memberinstitutions?24. According to the speakers, what is one of the goals of American higher education?25. What are the speakers worrying about the globalization of American universities?Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneFor years governments in Australia have recognized two promises to young people. One is that all young people should have the chance to finish 12 years of schooling or its vocational equivalent. The other is that all young people who have left school and want to work are able to do so.Australian governments have tried hard to meet these promises. But, governments are not fully meeting those. Each year one in three teenagers leaves school without finishing year 12 education. Some students later complete a year 12 equivalent education. But, one in five young Australians never completes this level of education. Also staying jobless is high among young people.Many young persons without a year 12 level of education will not switch successfully from education into work. That provides problems for the young persons themselves and for the society as well.About 270,000 teenagers leave school each year. Of these, about 86,000 students leave schools without completing year 12 education. Over 50,000 young people in each age group never complete year 12 equivalent education. This is really a high non-completion rate.Early school leavers are less likely to work. They are more likely to be unemployed than are year 12 leavers. About 42,000 early school leavers in 2000 were much underemployed and in low amounts of education.So, early school leavers are going through constant unemployment, higher unemployment rates, and lower incomes than do year 12 students.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. How do Australian governments view the two promises to young people?27. What may be true with young man with a year 12 education?28. What will happen to one without a year 12 level of education?29. What happened to early school leavers Ii n 2000, how many early school leavers suffered underemployment and low amount of education?Passage TwoBeen squinting a lot lately? Have to move your book six inches away from your eyes toread it? Vision problems pop up on you as you become older. But good habits can help keep your eyes healthy. Try these simple tips to protect your vision now and for years to come.Don't forget your shades. You need to avoid the sun's ultraviolet rays at every age. That's because the rays can cause eye diseases, increased nearsightedness, and skin cancer around the eyes.Wear sunglasses anytime you're outdoors or driving (keep a spare pair in your car), even if it's overcast —-- ultraviolet rays can do harm when it's cloudy, too.Enlarge the distance between your eyes and the monitor. Spending hours in front of a computer can cause tired, aching, and dry eyes, and possibly eyestrain headaches. Avoid these problems by placing your monitor as far as possible from your eyes, but not so far that you have to push your eyes too hard.Also, look away from the screen periodically to rest your eyes and change focus, and try a low-voltage floor lamp in place of bright overhead lights. A comfortable screen filter (available at most office-supply stores) may help, too.Work up a sweat. Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight help prevent diabetes, a chief cause of vision impairment that may lead to blindness.“Doctors are diagnosing people in their 40s and 50s with diabetes in nearly increasing numbers,” says Scott Greenstein, at Harvard Medical School.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. Why are sunglasses are recommended even in cloudy days?31. Which of the following measures could help improve one’s vision when working a computer?32. According to the passage, what is the relationship between body weight and vision?Passage ThreeIf you're merely posting your résuméonline for open positions on job sites like CareerBuilder or , you're not effectively job hunting. As a recent college graduate, you should be reaching out to every possible contact you can think of. Then, after you speak with your various contacts and notify them that you are on the job hunt...The secret for securing a job is: follow-up, follow-up, and follow-up!I'll give you a primen example of myself. While searching for my current position, a former educator teacher of mine (one of my contacts) told me to e-mail a friend of hers, who was in my field of choice, to see whether he knew of any available positions.At this point in my search I was fairly down on my luck, as anyone who just got out of campus would feel at the start of the real world life, but I thought, "I have nothing to lose," and I emailed the gentleman on a Tuesday afternoon. A week went by and I never received a response. My first gut reaction was, “eh, he's not worth my time.” My second, more rational reaction was, “Well, perhaps he just didn't get the e-mail or maybe he was just too engaged in his workbusy to respond.” So, I wrote this man a follow-up e-mail.Within three minutes of sending the follow-up e-mail, my cell phone rang. It was my former educator's teacher's friend. He informed me that he had read my initial e-mail, but had a crazy day that Tuesday and thus, forgot to respond in time. He asked me to come to hisRemember, just because the e-mail you send or the voice-mail you leave for someone is on your priority list, it doesn't mean it's on their priority list. In fact, it most likely is not. However, you can greatly increase your chances of getting someone's attention by politely following-up with them.Lesson Learned: If you don't follow-up, you might as well forget about it.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. According to the passage, what’s the first step for one recent graduate to hunt for a job?34. What did the speaker decide to do after receiving no reply from the gentleman?35. What’s the key to following up in job hunting?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage isread for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you caneither use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points inyour own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you shouldcheck what you have written.I still find it strange that mobile phones would like to be (36) re-classified as offensive weapons by some people.In my experience a (3736) potentially offensive weapon would be something like (38) chemicals in science or a chisel in (37) design and technology. But we don’t (38) ban these things from schools —- instead we teach and work with our children to use these (39) tools safely and responsibly.Of course a (40) union or local education authority could suggest that children just don’t bring their phones to school. But I (41) suspect that many parents would not be very happy about this for perceived safety and (42) security reasons.So instead we (44) end up giving children (43) mixed messages. Students are allowed to bring their phones to school, because they are important, but they are not allowed to use them.(44) A better way to manage phone use might be to develop strict policy at a local level. This policy should put the decision of whether children should or shouldn’t be allowed to use mobile phones in class directly into the hands of the classroom teacher. I think (45) it would be better to trust the teacher with this decision rather than suggesting a blanket ban.Every year we hear some horror stories of children misusing mobile phones in class. (46)common sense to this issue?。

2011年英语四级考试模拟试题及答案2011 年英语四级考试模拟试题及答案Part I Dialogue Completion (15%)Directions:Complete the following dialogues with a suitable word, phrase or sentence (用适当的词、短语或句子完成下而的对话).1. Wang:I’ve got an appointment. I’m going to meet a friend in London at 3 p. m.It’s already a quarter past 2. __________.David:I’m going into London. I can give you a lift if you like.Wang: Could you really? That would be great.A. I’ll never make itB. I’ll never do itC. I’ll never reach itD. I’ll never attain it2. Clerk: Good morning. Can I help you?Mr. Smith: Yes, I’d like a ticket to New York 9:15 tomorrow morning.Clerk: __________?Mr. Smith: single, please.A. Single or twoB. Single or returnC. Single or doubleD. Single or Back3. Ted: Hi, Christine. __________?Christine:Hi, Ted. I just bought a new camping tent. I can’t wait to use it.A. What’s onB. What’s upC. What’s wrongD. What’s right4. Jane: Hello Sally. Fancy meeting you here!Sa lly: Hello, Jane. Haven’t seen you for a long time. You’ve got married, haven’t you?Jane: Yes, I have. I got married four years ago.Sally: __________.A. Oh, wish you happinessB. Oh, really? Enjoy yourselfC. Oh, my congratulationsD. Oh, is it? Have a happy life5. Phone call.Daughter: OK, Dad. Nice talking to you and glad everything’s all right.__________.Dad: All right. Good-bye.Daughter: Good-bye, Dad.A. Say “How are you?” to MonB. Say “Are you OK” to MomC. Give Mom our careD. Give Mom our love6. Guest:Oh, I hadn’t realized how late it was. I’m afraid I’ll have to be going. Host:Oh, not yet. I’m just going to make some coffee.Guest:_________, though I’d really love to stay. I’ve got to be up by six tomorrow morning, unfortunately. Thank you for a wonderful party.A. I’m sorry, but I mustB. Excuse me, but I have to goC. Pardon me, but I should goD. It’s a pity, but no way out7. Mary: What are your working on?Susan: I’m doing some embroidery.Mary: ________Susan:I don’t do very much, just for very special occasions.A.I didn’t know you did needlework.B.I think you have done a good job.C.Where did you learn to do needlework?D.Why do you do needlework?8. Tom: You are playing guitar well. Can you read music?Charles:No, I don’t. I just li sten to songs on the radio and then play them until they sound right.Tom: ___________.Charles: No, really.A. You’re lyingB. You’re cheatingC. You are boastingD. You’re kidding9. Connie: Are you doing pottery? It looks like fun!Frank: __________?Connie: Boy, would I? Thanks.A. Would you please give me a handB. Would you please not to bother meC. Have you ever learned how to do itD. Would you like to try it10.Michael:The Johnsons are moving next week. We are going to have agoing-away party for them Saturday.Tracy:I didn’t realize they were moving so soon. __________ Michael:Yes, but we’ll have one last chance to get together. We’re planning a barbecue.A.Wish them a happy journey.B.May they have a more comfortable home.C.They are really going to be missed.D.We can’t stay together forever, can we?11. Martin:Can you cover for me on Sunday? I’m supposed to teach the high schoolclass.Lisa: Sure. ___________?Martin:We’re going to the beach for the weekend.Lisa:Well, don’t worry. I’ll take goo d care of Sunday school.A. What’s inB. What’s the thingC. What’s upD. What’s down12. Joe:We haven’t got together for a long time. How about lunch next week?Nancy:I’m pretty tied up all next week. How about we plan on two weeks from today? _________.Joe: OK Wednesday in two weeks.A. I can reach it on that WednesdayB. I can make it on that WednesdayC. I can get it on that WednesdayD. I can assure it on that Wednesday13. Jim: I have a pair of tickets for an opera Saturday night. Would you like to go?Cindy:I don’t think so. ___________.A. I’m not too wild about operaB. I’m not too interested about operaC. I’m not very excited about operaD. I’m not very anxious about opera14. Wang (guest): That was a delicious dinner.Mrs. Willis (hostess): __________. Would you like to go to the living room now?It’s more comfortable there.A. Thank you. Don’t mention itB. You’re welcomeC. Not so delicious, I’m afraidD. I’m glad you enjoyed it15. Wendy: Have you been to the new bakery on the corner?Arthur: No, how is it?Wendy: It is heaven! _________!A. Their cakes are to strive forB. Their cakes are to struggle forC. Their cakes are to die forD. Their cakes are to pay forPart II Vocabulary and Structures (15%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. Please write a report ______ the above subjects are to be covered.A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. in that17. She remember clearly that day ____ she’d gone shopping alone for the first time.A.whichB. thatC. whenD. where18. The shops offer almost everything _______ ranges from inexpensive to veryexpensive.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. in which19. With manners, the best rule is the one _________ works.A. whoB. thatC. itD. when20. They are not aware of the reasons _______ people are unwilling to discuss insurance.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. how21. Money is something _______ is generally accepted as payment in exchange forgoods or services.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whom22. There are many children and adolescents ________ behavior is generallyunacceptable.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. that23. In one country which I visited _______ the climate is very hot all the year round.A.thatB. whichC. whenD. where24. He sent her a letter ______ he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.A.whichB. in whichC. thatD. whom25. The four travelers ______ I shared the room were pleasant people.A. whoB. to whoC. from whichD. with whom26. Sports and games are good _______ your health.A. atB. forC. toD. with27. I've got tired ________ walking and want to have a rest.A. ofB. withC. forD. at28. As we can see, the bridge is made _______ stone.A. fromB. byC. forD. of29. The old man bought _______ eggs.A. three scoreB. three scoresC. three scores ofD. scores three30. No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell ________.A. sleepB. asleepC. sleptD. sleepily31.The Yellow River is the second ________ river in China.A. longB. longerC. longestD. as long32. Hurry up, John. The train _______ at 8 a.m.A. is startingB. has startedC. would startD. started33. I'm sorry I _______ know you _______ here.A. don't areB. didn't; wereC. don't; wereD. didn't; are34. "I think Helen is at home."“No, she ______ be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.”A. mustn'tB. needn'tC. can'tD. daren't35. The flower is dead. I ________ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given36. "Can I do it ？""No, you _______."or "No, please ________."A. can't; doesn'tB. can't; don'tC. can't; can'tD. can't; you don't37. There is ________ "n" in the word "north".A. anB. aC. theD. /38. ________ page of the book is missing and _________ cover is torn.A. The; aB. A; theC. The; theD. A; a39. We may make good _______ of the ads to compare the prices of goods.A. useB. usingC. usedD. usage40. China has a recorded ________ of 5,000 years.A.historyB. historicalC. historicD. historian41.She received a gift from him, but she didn’t ________ it.A.acceptableB. acceptC. unacceptableD. acceptance42. The factory is going to ________ 30 more workers.A. employmentB. employerC. employeeD. employ43. Food _______ often occurs in time of war.A. short B shortage C. shorting D. shortness44. It is ________ to walk on thin ice on a lake.A. dangerB. dangerousC. endangerD. dangers45. She wished him _________ in his new job.A.successB. succeedC. successfulD. successfullyPart III Reading Comprehension 阅读理解(40%)Directions: Choose the best answer to each sentence according to the following passages.Passage 1A man had to go to court, and he asked his lawyer which judge would be hearing his case. His lawyer told him and then said, “Do you know him?” The man answered, “No, but I want to know his name so that I could send him a dozen bottles of good wine.”The lawyer was terribl y shocked. “You can’t do that,” he said. “You would be breaking the law very seriously, and you would be sure to lose the case.” Some weeks later the case was heard, and the man won it. As he was leaving the court, he said to the lawyer, “My gift to the judge was quite successful, wasn’t it?”The lawyer was even more shocked than before, and said, “What? Did you really send him that wine after what I told you?”“Yes, certainly,” answered the man. “but I put my opponen t’s name on the card which I sent with t he wine.”46. The man’s lawyer _________.A. didn’t tell him the name of the judge who would be hearing the caseB. told him the whole caseC. told him the name of the judge who would be hearing the caseD. didn’t l ike to tell him the name of the judge who would be hearing the case47. What does “hearing his case” mean?A. Listening to him before he goes into the court.B. In charge while his business is being dealt with by the court.C. Learning from his complaint.D. Making a new law.48. The man thought he would _________ by sending the judge a dozen bottles ofgood wine with his name.A. lose the caseB. win the caseC. not break the law seriouslyD. be shocked49. What do you think of the lawyer from what he said to the man?A.He was a law-breaker.B.He was a serious and good lawyer.C.He was very clever.D.He was a bad lawyer.50. The man finally won the case by putting his ____ on the card with the wine as giftto the judge./doc/3615325633.html,w yer’s nameB.judge’s nameC.opponent’s nameD.own namePassage 2There was a pilot and four people in a small plane. Suddenlythere was something wrong with the machine while it was flying in the air. The smoke was everywhere in the plane. The pilot told the people there were only four parachutes (降落伞). They all become worried and started to make excuses.“I must go and mend the machine,” said the pilot, taking one of the parachutes. There was nothing he could do so he jumped out.The first person stood up. “I’m a doctor,” he said, “ I help people live longer and I save lives.” He als o took a parachute and jumped out.The next person said, “I must have a parachute. I’m a very clever person. I have to attend an important sports match. I know I’ll win the game because I’ll be the cleverest person there.” He picked up a pack and jumped ou t.Two men were left —an old business and a young mountain climber. By this time the plane was going down fast. The businessman said, “Young man, I’m old but you are still you ng. You take the last parachute.” The young mountain climber smiled. “Don’t worry,” he said, “we can both jump to safety because there are still two parachutes. Just now the clever person jumped out with my back pack.”51. All the people became worried because _________.A.they couldn’t find the parachutesB.they were afraid the plane would be broken and knew there were not enoughparachutes for each personC.there was too much smoke and they couldn’t jump out from the planeD.they saw the pilot jump out first52. The clever man jumped out with _________.A.a parachuteB.nothingC.the pack of the climber’sD.two parachutes53. All the people thought of themselves only except ________.A.the pilotB.the clever manC.the doctorD.the business man54. From the story we know _________ would be dead.A.the clever manB.the business manC.the pilotD.the doctor55. ________ was a kind-hearted man.A.The pilotB.The mountain climberC.The business manD.The doctorPassage 3Some psychologists maintain that mental acts such as thinking are not performed in the brain alone, but that one’s muscles also participate. It may be said that we think with muscles in somewhat the same way that we listen to music with our bodies.You surely are not surprised to be told that you usually listen to music not only with your ears but also with your whole body. Few people can listen to music that is more or less familiar without moving their body or, more specifically, some part of their body. Often when one listens to a symphonic concert on theradio, he is tempted to direct the orchestra even though he knows there is a competent conductor on the job.Strange as this behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. One cannot derive all the possible enjoyment form music unless he participates, so to speak, in its performance. The listener “feels” himself into the music with more or less pronounced motions of his body.The muscles of the body actually participate in the mental process of thinking in the same way, but this participation is less obvious because it is less pronounced.56. Some psychologists maintain that thinking is ________.A. not a mental processB. more of a physical process than a mental actionC. a process that involves our entire bodiesD. a process that involves the muscles as well as the brain57. The process of thinking and that of listening are similar in that ________.A. both are mental actsB. muscles participate in both processesC. both processes are performed by the entire bodyD. we derive equal enjoyment from them58. Few people are able to listen to familiar music without ________.A. moving some part of their bodyB. stopping what they are doingC. directing the orchestra playing itD. wishing that they could conduct music properly59. Body movements are necessary in order for the listener to ________.A. hear the musicB. appreciate the musicC. enjoy the music fullyD. completely understand the music60. According to the selection, muscle participation in the process of thinking is________.A. deliberateB. obviousC. not readily apparentD. very pronouncedPassage 4Under proper conditions, sound waves will be reflected from a hillside or other such obstruction. Sound travels at the rate of about one fifth of a mile per second. If the hill is eleven hundred feet away, it takes two seconds for the sound to travel to the hill and back. Thus, buy timing the interval between a sound and its reflection (the echo), you can estimate the distance to an obstruction. During World War II the British used a practical application of this principle to detect German planes on their way to bomb London long the enemy was near the target. They used radio waves instead of sound waves, since radio waves can penetrate fog and clouds. The outnumbered Royal Air Force (RAF) always seemed to the puzzled Germans to be lying in wait at the right time and never to be surprised. It was radio echoes more than anything else that won the Battle of Britain.Since the radio waves were used to tell the direction in which to send the RAF planes and the distance to send them (their range of flight, in other words), the device was called radio directing and ranging, and from the initials the word radar was coined.61. Sound waves reflected from a hill can be used to estimate the ________.A. height of the hillB. speed of soundC. distance to the hillD. intensity of sound62. Practical application of this principle resulted in ________.A. new electronic instruments for planesB. a radio directing and ranging deviceC. new radio sets for RAF bombersD. an electronic detecting device63. The British used radio waves because they ________.A. were more exact than sound wavesB. could not be detectedC. could penetrate fog and cloudsD. were easier to use than sound waves64. Which of the following is NOT stated but implied in the passage?A. Light waves could be used in a device similar to radar.B. Radar was a practical application of a well-known principleC. Radar greatly increased the effectiveness of RAF.D. Sound waves are reflected from a hillside under all conditions.65. The author of this selection probably intended to explain ________.A. exactly how radar worksB. why the British used radio waves in their deviceC. how the word “radar” cam e into beingD. how radar helped the British win the Battle of BritainPart IV Cloze 完形填空(10%)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passages. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage.Nasreddin Went ShoppingOne day Nasreddin went to town to buy new clothes. First he tried (66) ____a pair of trousers. He didn’t like the trousers, so he gave (67) ______ back to the shopkeeper. Then he tried a robe. It was priced (68) ______ as the pair of trousers. Nasreddin was (69) ____ with the robe, so he took the robe and left the shop. (70) ____ he climbed onto his donkey to ride home, the shopkeeper and the shop assistant (71) ____ out.“You didn’t pay (72) _____ the robe,” said the shopkeeper.“But I gave you the trousers in exchange for the robe, (73) ____ I?” replied Nasreddin._“Yes, but you didn’t pay for the trousers (74) ____!” said the shopkeeper.“But I didn’t buy the trousers,” replied Nasreddin, “(75) ____ I don’t buy anything, I’m not so stupid as to pay for it.”66. ( ) A. with B. in C. on D. for67. ( ) A. it B. them C. him D. himself68. ( ) A. lower B. higher C. differently D. the same69. ( ) A. pleased B. pleasing C. please D. pleases70. ( ) A. After B. Before C. Then D. In front of71. ( ) A. walked B. left C. looked D. ran72. ( ) A. with B. on C. for D. in73. ( ) A. do B. did C. didn’t D. don’t74. ( ) A. too B. either C. also D. both75. ( ) A. That B. If C. What D. WhichPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: There are 5 Chinese sentences in this section. Choose the best English version of each Chinese sentence below and mark your choice on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.76. 天快黑了，该回家了。

2011年冬大学英语四级考试模拟题一Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of City Problems. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese：1. 越来越多的人涌入大城市,有些问题随之产生2. 比较明显的大问题有……3. 我对这种现象的想法City Problems注意：此部分试卷在答题卡I 上。

Part II Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Directions：In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY（for YES）if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage。

N （for NO）if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage。

NG （for NOT GIVEN）if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Scientists Weigh Options for Rebuilding New Orleans As experts ponder how best to rebuild the devastated （毁坏）city, one question is whether to wall off—or work with—the water.Even before the death toll from Hurricane Katrina is tallied, scientists are cautiously beginning to discuss the future of New Orleans. Few seem to doubt that this vital heart of U.S. commerce and culture will be restored, but exactly how to rebuild the city and its defenses to avoid a repeat catastrophe is an open question. Plans for improving its levees and restoring the barrier of wetlands around New Orleans have been on the table since 1998, but federal dollars needed to implement them never arrived. After the tragedy, that’s bound to change, says John Day, an ecologist at Louisiana State University （LSU）in Baton Rouge. And if there is an upside to the disaster, he says, it’s that ‘now we’ve got a clean slate to start from.”Many are looking for guidance to the Netherlands, a country that, just like bowl-shaped New Orleans, sits mostly below sea level, keeping the water at bay with a construction of amazing scale and complexity. Others, pointing to Venice’s long-standing adaptations, say it’s best to let water flow through the city, depositing sediment to offset geologic subsidence—a model that would require a radical rethinking of architecture. Another idea is to let nature help by restoring the wetland buffers between sea and city.But before the options can be weighed, several unknowns will have to be addressed. One is precisely how the current defenses failed. To answer that,LSU coastal scientists Paul Kemp and Hassan Mashriqui are picking their way through the destroyed city and surrounding region, reconstructing the size of water surges by measuring telltale marks left on the sides of buildings and highway structures. They are feeding these data into a simulation of the wind and water around New Orleans during its ordeal.“We can’t say for sure until this job is done,” says Day,“but the emerging picture is exactly what we’ve predicted for years.”Namely, several canals—including the MRGO, which was built to speedshipping in the 1960s—have the combined effect of funneling surges from the Gulf of Mexico right to the city’s eastern levees and the lake system to the north. Those surges are to blame for the flooding. “One of the first things we’ll see done is the complete backfilling of the MRGO canal,”predicts Day,“which could take a couple of years.”The levees, which have been provisionally repaired, will be shored up further in the months to come, although their long-term fate is unclear. Better levees would probably have prevented most of the flooding in the city center. To provide further protection, a mobile dam system, much like a storm surge barrier in the Netherlands, could be used to close off the mouth of Lake Pontchartrain. But most experts agree that these are short-term fixes.The basic problem for New Orleans and the Louisiana coastline is that the entire Mississippi River delta is subsiding and eroding, plunging the city deeper below sea level and removing a thick cushion of wetlands that once buffered the coastline from wind and waves. Part of the subsidence is geologic and unavoidable, but the rest stems from the levees that have hemmed in the Mississippi all the way to its mouth for nearly a century to prevent floods and facilitate shipping. As a result, river sediment is no longer spread across the delta but dumped into the Gulf of Mexico. Without a constant stream of fresh sediment, the barrier islands and marshes are disappearing rapidly, with a quarter, roughly the size of Rhode Island, already gone.After years of political wrangling, a broad group pulled together by the Louisiana government in 1998 proposed a massive $14 billion plan to save the Louisiana coasts, called Coast 2050 （now modified into a plan called the Louisiana Coastal Area project）. Wetland restoration was a key component. “It’s one of the best and cheapest hurricane defenses,”says Day, who chaired its scientific advisory committee.Although the plan was never given more than token funding, a team led by Day has been conducting a pilot study since 2000, diverting part of the Mississippi into the wetlands downstream of the city. “The results are as good as we could have hoped,” he says,“with land levels rising at about 1 centimeter per year—enough to offset rising sea levels”, says Day.Even if the wetlands were restored and new levees were built, the combination of geologic subsidence and rising sea levels will likely sink New Orleans another meter by 2100. The problem might be solved by another ambitious plan, says Roel Boumans, a coastal scientist at the University of Vermont in Burlington who did his Ph.D. at LSU：shoring up the lowest land with a slurry of sediment piped in from the river. The majority of the buildings in the flooded areas will have to be razed anyway, he says,”so why not take this opportunity to fix the root of the problem？”The river could deposit enough sediment to raise the bottom of the New Orleans bowl to sea level “in 50 to 60 years,”he estimates. In the meantime, people could live in these areas Venice-style, with buildings built on stilts. Boumans even takes it a step further：“You would have to raise everything about 30 centimeters once every 30 years, so why not make the job easier by making houses that can float.”?Whether that is technically or politically feasible—Day,for one,calls it “not likely”—remains to be seen, especially because until now, the poorest residents lived in the lowest parts of the city. Any decision on how best to protect the city in the future will be tied to how many people will live there, and where. “there may be a large contingent of residents and businesses who choose not to return,” says Bill Good,an environmental scientist at LSU and manager of the Louisiana Geological Survey’s Coastal Processes section. It is also not yet clear how decisions about the reconstruction will be made, says Good,“Since there is no precedent of comparable magnitude.”Every level of government is sure to be involved, and “the process is likely to be ad hoc.”Even with the inevitable mingling of science and politics, we still have “a unique chance to backout of some bad decisions,” says Good, who grew up in New Orleans. “I hope that we don’t let this once-in-history opportunity slip through our fingers in the rush to rebuild the city”.1. The passage gives a general description of the suggestions to reconstruct New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.2. Two examples to deal with water are Netherlands and Venice.3. The canals have nothing to do with the flooding.4. The levees will be shored up further with clear long-term fate.5. The basic problem for New Orleans is the subsidence of Mississippi River delta.6. The key component of Coast 2050 is wetland restoration.7. The plan of Coast 2050 will get billions of federal funding.8. New Orleans will likely sink ________________ by 2100.9. Another ambitious plan is to shoring up the lowest land with a slurry of sediment ________________.10. How decisions about the reconstruction will be made is also ________________.Part III Listening Comprehension （35 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试卷请在答题卡2上作答。

2011年12月四级考试模拟试题第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “Education: Examination-Oriented or Quality-Oriented”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 应试教育现状及其原因;2. 素质教育的优点;3. 你的观点。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Selling Expertise on the Internet for Extra CashTeresa Estes, a licensed mental-health counselor, watched as business at her private practice decreased last year. Then the single mother turned to her keyboard to boost her income.Ms. Estes applied to become an “expert” on LivePerson Inc., a Web site where clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers of all fields. For $1.89 a minute — a rate she set — the 39-year-old from Marianna, Fla., dispenses advice to clients around the globe. She spends about four hours a day online, often at night, when her daughter has gone to bed.“It was the economy,”she says of her move to take her skills online. “Live Person is more profitable than my private practice.” Ms. Estes had charged her private clients up to $75 an hour.As the recession deepens, a small but growing number of people are taking their skills online, offering expertise or performing specified tasks for a fee. Labor-at-the-keyboard sites are gaining popularity as people increasingly turn to the Web in search of work. Internet job-search sites saw a 51% rise in traffic from January 2008 to January 2009, according to comScore Media Metrix, to 26.7 million unique visitors.Among the many fee-for-service Web sites out there, at least three are attracting a significant number of users — though consumers should exercise a healthy degree of skepticism when consulting any of these sites. Live Person seeks out experts on a slew of topics, including mental health, financial services, shopping and fashion, as well as psychics and spiritual advisers. Mechanical Turk, a Web service run by Inc., pays workers to perform tasks, such as cataloging products online. Associated Content pays contributors to write articles on a wide range of subjects, from organic flower gardening to how to apply for financial aid.Live Person went public in 2001, and the current version of the site was launched in late 2007. Today, the site has 30,000 registered experts, attracting an average of 100,000 people a year who pay for the offered services, says Chief ExecutiveOfficer Robert LoCascio. Roughly 3,500 people have made contributing to the site their full-time job, he says.Live Person says it vets contributors’ qualifications, such as medical licenses or financial certification, through a third party, and relies heavily on its community reviews. Some 200 people a day apply to be Live Person experts, up from 120 a year ago, says Mr. LoCascio. Once cleared, advisers work with clients on a cost-per-minute basis set by the adviser. The site takes a commission of between 30% and 35%.Associated Content, by contrast, reviews submissions in house and then decides how much to pay for them. The site, which specializes in how-to pieces and feature stories on news topics, had 237,000 registered contributors and more than one million content pieces as of February, both about double from the same month a year ago.After posting the content, the site sells advertisements against it and distributes it to other companies, such as online shoe retailer Zappos, which use the content on their own Web sites. If Associated Content accepts a submission (it says it rejects about 25% of them), the author gets between $5 and $30, plus $1.50 for each 1,000 page views. An ability to write “search-engine-optimized” content, an industry term for generating good Google results, helps, says site founder Luke Beatty.People are not only looking for payment but also establishing their credentials “as somebody with experience”, he says. Writing about a specific profession, such as law or real estate, helps raise a person’s profile online, e nhancing his job searches, says Mr. Beatty.Sabah Karimi, a 26-year-old from Orlando, Fla., left a career in marketing to become a full-time freelance writer and now spends between 8 and 10 hours a week writing for Associated Content. She has been at it for about three years and says she earns roughly $1,000 a month from her past and current submissions.Ms. Karimi cautions newcomers to Associated Content that it takes time to build up earnings. She says she learned how to write articles that would bring traffic and often looks for newsy ideas that will attract readers.Mechanical Turk, by contrast, is based on “crowd sourcing”, or breaking a task into lots of tiny pieces and giving it to a big group of people to complete quickly. Most of these jobs — which the site calls HITs, for human intelligence tasks —pay just a few cents. Efficient MTurkers, as they call themselves, can make more than $100 a week doing things such as finding someone’s email address or labeling images of a particular animal in a photograph.Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from 100 different countries, but it doesn’t keep track of past figures.The site —named for an 18th-century stunt involving a turbaned chess-playing “machine” with an actual chess mast er hidden within —began as a way to help Amazon manage its product database, says Sharon Chiarella, vice president of Amazon Mechanical Turk. Amazon uses the site to help sort images and content, paying people a few cents a task. Mechanical Turk also serves a variety of companies who need Web tasks performed, especially those that require a human element. Test-prep startupKnewton Inc., for example, uses it extensively for focus-group-type tasks, as well as enlisting people to take its practice tests.Keri Knutson, a mother of five from Independence, La., discovered Mechanical Turk when her eldest son was headed for college. Ms. Knutson, now 45, needed money for his tuition and fees. She took on all kinds of low-paying but easy tasks at the beginning, from finding a place to purchase a specific item to identifying the name of a street in a photograph.People looking to make money online as fee-for-service experts should read the fine print. Live Person has one of the more formal payment systems, requiring users to sign up for an account before talking with an expert. Some sites, including Associated Content and Mechanical Turk, reserve the right to refuse payment if a task is not completed satisfactorily.Most sites have a robust community of workers who regularly offer one another tips on which tasks pay the best. Mechanical Turk users have an independent site called Turker Nation (), which reviews the companies that solicit (索求) and pay for tasks so that workers can check a compa ny’s record before taking on a task.Consumers who use these sites also need to exercise caution. Relying on legal or medical advice from an unknown online source has obvious drawbacks, and the Web sites acknowledge that some users have registered complaints about the advice offered on the sites. LivePerson warns consumers to offer their financial and personal details with care.For the workers on these sites, even incremental sources of income are helpful these days. Ms. Knutson now spends the majority of her time transcribing Web audio and video for clients, earning about $250 a week for 30 hours of work. She says she has seen more competition lately but is determined to keep up her weekly pace.“If I didn’t have this money,” she says, “we’d be struggl ing to find what to eat every week.”1. What is the passage mainly talking about?A) The economic recession will last a few years.B) More people are taking their skills online to make money.C) Asking for advice through the Internet is a good way to solve your problems.D) People shouldn’t release their financial and personal details online.2. Live Person Inc. is a Web site where ___________.A) people chat with each other and make friends freelyB) professionals and advisers help others for freeC) people pay money for applying to become an expertD) clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers3. Why are labor-at-the-keyboard sites gaining popularity?A) Because people love to work on the Internet.B) Because more people are finding jobs on the Internet.C) Because people are being asked to work on the Internet.D) Because working on the Internet is easier than other ways of working.4. How much will an expert get through Live Person if a client pays $10?A) $3 to $3.5. B) $10. C) $6.5 to $7. D) $5.5. Mechanical Turk originated as a method to _________.A) label images of a particular animal in a photographB) serve a variety of companies who need Web tasks performedC) help Amazon manage its product databaseD) find someone’s email address6. What does Turker Nation do?A) It reserves the right to refuse payment if a task is not completed satisfactorily.B) It relies on legal or medical advice from an unknown online source.C) It registers complaints about the advice offered on the site.D) It reviews the companies that solicit and pay for tasks.7. What does Ms. Knutson spend the majority of her time doing?A) Finding a place to purchase a specific item.B) Identifying the name of a street in a photograph.C) Transcribing Web audio and video for clients.D) Struggling to find what to eat every week.8. Associated Content pays contributors to write articles on a wide range of subjects, from organic flower gardening to how to ______________.9. Live Person says it vets contributors’ qualifications through a third party, and relies heavily on its _______.10. Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from ______________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)■ Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its 47 lie mainly in blues, rhythm and blues, country, folk, gospel, and jazz. The style subsequently spread to the rest of the world and developed further, leading ultimately to 48 rock music.The term “rock and roll” now covers at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both 49 rock and roll as synonymous with rock music.50 , defines the term as referring specifically to the music of the 1950s.Classic rock and roll is 51 played with one or two electric guitars, a string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. In the 52 rock and roll styles of the late 1940s, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally 53 or supplemented by the guitar in the middle to late 1950s.The massive popularity and eventual worldwide view of rock and roll gave it a 54 social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and in the new medium of television, 55 lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub-genres, often without the initially56 backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply “rock music” or “rock”.A) define I) followedB) characteristic J) modernC) unique K) explanationD) roots L) ConverselyE) usually M) replacedF) Basically N) prepareG) earliest O) seldomH) influenced■Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.According to a report, around 30,000 pupils started secondary school last year with the math skills of a seven-year-old. MPs (国会议员) warned that many young people would need “expensive” remedial lessons in later life to get a job —posing major problems for the economy. The findings came just months after Ofsted(教育标准办公室)claimed almost half of math lessons in English schools were not good enough. It said many teachers relied on textbooks and mundane exercises to make sure pupils passed exams at the expense of a proper understanding of the subject. MPs backed the conclusions, saying too many pupils found lessons “boring”. They insisted improvements had been made under Labor but achievement had “leveled off” in recent years.In 2008, 79 percent of pupils met the Gove rnment’s expected standard at the end of primary school, well short of the 85 percent target set for 2006. Around five percent moved to secondary school with the math skills of a seven- year-old, said the committee. In 2006, ￡2.3 billion was spent teaching the subject. It equates to around a quarter of the ￡10 billion total budget for primary teaching and support staff.The report said the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) needed to “radically rethink its strategy for improving pupil at tainment; otherwise we seriously doubt that the department will meet its 2011 target”. The target demands that 84.5 percent of pupils will make the necessary progress between 7 and 11.Last year, the DCSF published a major review of math education in England to boost standards. It called for a math specialist in every primary school within 10 years and more emphasis on mathematical “play” in nursery schools. Mr. Leigh said, “The department’s 10-year program to train 13,000 specialist math teacherswill no t benefit some primary schools for another decade. That’s far too long; the department needs to look for ways to accelerate the program.” Sarah McCarthy Fry, the Schools Minister, said, “We have already accepted the main recommendation from a recent independent review of primary math that every school should have a specialist math teacher and have pledged ￡24 million over the next three years for a training program for teachers.”Nick Gibb, the Tory shadow schools secretary, said, “The Government is not getting value for the money they have piled into education and the country is falling behind in international league tables as a result. The Government has failed to replace methods of teaching which have failed with tried and tested methods used in countri es that have much higher levels of math achievement.”57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) 30,000 pupils started secondary school with poor math skills.B) MPs insist more improvements should be made under Labor.C) Young people need medical lessons to get a job.D) Half of English schools were not good enough.58. According to the passage, what happened in 2006?A) 21% of pupils didn’t meet the Government’s expected standard.B) The target set for 2006 was 87 percent.C) ￡2.3 billion was spent on math teaching.D) The total budget for primary teaching and support staff was ￡5 billion in 2006.59. What will people probably do to improve math education in England?A) Spend money on training specialist math teachers.B) Hire a math specialist for every primary school.C) Allow pupils to have more mathematical “play”.D) Spend more time on math education.60. What do Nick Gibb’s words mean?A) The British government should put more money into math education.B) Britain is falling behind in the international knowledge competition.C) The British government should learn from other countries’ failures.D) The British government should change their teaching methods every few years.61. What’s the passage mainly tal king about?A) There aren’t enough math teachers in British primary schools.B) The British government didn’t spend enough money on math education.C) British pupils are not good at math.D) Math lessons in British primary schools need to be improved.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Bananas, always the fashion victims of the produce section, are wearing another new label this spring. Bananas with “Fair Trade Certified” stickers have been available in the United States since October. They represent the new front of an international effort to help first-world consumers improve the living standardsof the third-world farmers who grow much of their food.By expanding its reach to the produce section, Fair Trade is now trying to reach the American supermarket shopper. Fair Trade deals directly with farmer cooperatives. It helps organize, avoiding brokers (代理人) and middlemen. It guarantees higher prices for the farmers’ goods and helps them set up schools and health clinics.The Fair Trade movement took root in Europe in the 1990’s as a way of bolstering coffee farmers as prices were collapsing. Since Fair Trade began, more than a million coffee growers and other farmers have joined cooperatives that sell their products through Fair Trade channels instead of directly to a commercial producer.Not everyone is greeting the Fair Trade label with open arms. Several American coffee importers recently pulled out of Fair Trade, citing TransFair’s “corporate friendly” poli cies that allow large companies to use the Fair Trade logo in their marketing even if only a small amount of the company’s overall purchases are Fair Trade certified.Edmund LaMacchia, the national produce coordinator for Whole Foods, said Fair Trade is only one of many consumer choices. “Whole Foods has its own team of inspectors and has no plans to carry Fair Trade products”, Mr. LaMacchia said. “Our standards are higher than Fair Trade’s, actually.” Fair Trade is only one of several labels your bananas might be wearing this year. Another is that of the Rainforest Alliance, which certifies the use of sustainable agriculture methods.So far, though, Fair Trade is the biggest. A Fair Trade label by itself does not guarantee an organic product, but most Fair Trade bananas are also organic, Ms. Bourque said, because pesticides are usually too costly for the small farmers who grow them. If the bananas are organic, they will be labeled as such, and will probably be wearing a sticker to prove it.62. Why are bananas wearing “Fair Trade Certified” stickers?A) It means bananas are the fashion victims of the produce section.B) It means bananas have got a new label.C) It means bananas with these stickers are available in the United States.D) It represents an international effort to help the third-world farmers.63. What does Fair Trade do?A) It helps farmers sell their products for a higher profit.B) It appoints brokers and middlemen to deal with farmer cooperatives.C) It brings down the pri ce of farmers’ goods.D) It sets up schools and health clinics for American farmers.64. What was the original purpose of the Fair Trade movement?A) To cooperate with coffee growers and other farmers.B) To help coffee farmers as prices were collapsing.C) To prevent farmers from selling their products to commercial producers.D) To sell products through coffee growers and other farmers.65. What can we infer from this passage?A) American coffee importers will never buy their products through FairTrade channels.B) Fair Trade is the only label that bananas might be wearing this year.C) Not every consumer considers Fair Trade products the only choice.D) Whole Foods and the Rainforest Alliance are more influential than Fair Trade.66. What is the best title for this passage?A) Helping the Third World: One Banana at a TimeB) Consumers Face More ChoicesC) Fair Trade — the Best StickerD) The Fair Trade MovementPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Everyone knows hand washing is important. But a new study shows how washing your hands 67, and at the right time, can have a big impact on your family’s risk of getting sick.Most studies on hand washing focus on 68 and food service workers. But this month’s American Journal of Infection Control focuses on washing hands at69as a way to stop infections from 70 . Several studies show hands are the single most important 71route for all types of infections.Even though most people know to wash their hands after using the toilet or handling a diaper (尿布), studies 72many people are still ending up with germs on their hands.One study looked in homes of73recently vaccinated against polio (脊髓灰质炎). After vaccination, the virus is74 to be shed in the baby’s feces (粪便). Researchers found the virus on 13 percent of bathroom, living room and kitchen surfaces. 75 the virus from the vaccine didn’t pose a health risk, feces-borne viruses can 76through the home.Doorknobs and toilet flush handles are key 77of germ transmission in the home. That’s why people should focus on cleaning such surfaces 78and always wash their hands after touching them. In one study, a79touched a door handle contaminated with a virus. He then shook hands 80other volunteers, and spread the virus to six people.The study authors note that the timing of hand washing is key. It’s 81 to wash hands after using the toilet, before eating or handling food. Other crucial times for hand washing are after 82a diaper or cleaning up after a pet, or after touching garbage cans, dish rags and utensils that may have come 83contact with raw food.While it may be hard to 84 that something as simple as regular hand washing can make a difference in your family’s health, consider what happened during the 2003 outbreak of SARS. The outbreak 85extensive public and community health measures, including regular hand washing. Not only was the SARS outbreak contained,86other cases of illnesses dropped sharply.67. A) occasionally B) often C) sometimes D) repeatedly68. A) chemical B) physical C) medical D) mental69. A) home B) clinics C) hospitals D) school70. A) living B) spreading C) surviving D) going71. A) transmit B) transfer C) transferring D) transmission72. A) claim B) agree C) suggest D) object73. A) parents B) teachers C) adults D) infants74. A) known B) said C) moved D) added75. A) When B) While C) Why D) Which76. A) travel B) go C) fly D) float77. A) questions B) opportunities C) ideas D) sources78. A) always B) frequently C) regularly D) actually79. A) volunteer B) baby C) worker D) person80. A) in B) on C) with D) through81. A) useless B) obvious C) interesting D) thankful82. A) taking B) using C) changing D) bringing83. A) of B) for C) from D) into84. A) dream B) know C) figure D) believe85. A) triggered B) started C) helped D) saved86. A) yet B) while C) but D) sincePart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. It was after the failure of this attempt that he _____________(诉诸武力).88. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back __________________(主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的).89. This occupation ____________________(关注于计划和监督) the arrangement of exhibitions of collections.90. ____________________ (令学生失望的是), the books they needed were sold out at the bookstore.91. A number of women interviewed found ___________________________(获得提升很难).【参考答案】Part I WritingOne possible version:Education: Examination-Oriented or Quality-OrientedFrom primary school to college, students, teachers and parents all are struggling for high scores. This is because the current education system is not aimed at quality, but only at developing students’ ability to perform well on tests. As a result, many students, even those with high scores, often do poorly when it comesto the practical application of what they’ve learned.Therefore, China is challenging examination-oriented education by advocating quality-oriented education. The alternative will focus on the students’ ability as a whole. The exam results will no longer play a key role in evaluating a student.Personally, I firmly believe in the effectiveness of this new policy. I have seen in my mind’s eye the more dedicated study, the looser environment, yet the more creative minds of the future students. Our education, so to speak, will bring up a new generation.Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1. B)。

4.2011级大学英语四级听力模拟12011级大学英语四级听力训练四级听力模拟题1Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, on or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.1. A. She took too many courses during her first term.B. The courses she took were too difficult for her.C. She made a mistake by taking too few courses in the first term.D. She found it difficult dealing with college courses.2. A. She is attending her sick mother at home.B. She is on a European tour with her mother.C. She is at home on sick leave.D. She is in Europe to see her mother.3. A. She was tired.B. She didn’t like the weather.C. She didn’t want to travel.D. She didn’t like the scenery.4. A. They couldn’t reach a decision.B. They would be unable to see the material.C. The storm would come soon.D. The meeting would be held.5. A. She did a bad job in the exam.B. She did extremely well on the test.C. She took Ancient History last semester.D. She wrote very colorful essays.6. A. 7 years old. B. 8 years old.C. 15 years old.D. 18 years old.7. A. The woman should quit her job.B. The woman should have her car repaired completely.C. The woman should find another repair shop.D. The woman should buy a new car.8. A. Her student. B. A house painter.C. The owner of the houseD. A mailman.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. They were inventors of language.B. They were cave dwellers.C. They could build shelters.D. They traveled in groups.10. A. They kept fires burning constantly.B. They put heated stones on the floor.C. They faced their houses toward the south.D. They insulated their houses with animal skins.11. A. Lend him her magazine．B. Come over to his house after sch001．C. Meet his anthropology teacher．D. Help him prepare for an anthropology tests．Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard．12. A. Because she doesn’t like dull talk．B. Because she prefers to be left alone．C. Because she hates visitors to her home．D. Because she likes to talk on the phone．13.A. Reading can be enjoyable to everyone．B. Reading may help one get a good job．C. Reading may help one kill the time．D. Reading can keep one in good shape．14. A. Poor health． B. Old age．C. Lack of companionship．D. Feeling of useless．15. A. In the library． B. At the man’s office．C. At the community center．D. In the old lady’s home．Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages, At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D，then mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based 0n the passage you have just heard．16. A. He is a professional．B. He is a white．collar worker．C. He didn’t want anyone to notice him．D. He works hard．17. A. He stood behind a tree．B. He walked around the block again．．C. He entered the house．D. He quickly opened the window with a screwdriver．18. A. About five minutes． B. Half an hour．C. Fifteen minutes．D. One hour．Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based 0n the passage you have just heard。

2011年11月大学英语四级标准答案快速阅读1. makes2. it is3. to ensure4. it has gone5. listen6. value.7. pay more dearly8. steal a grade9.10. their dishonesty听力11. ask the staff12. b TV program13. missing her flight14. at a restaurant15. of the woman16. a low-rent apartment17. otpic more focused18. they didnot19. he likes20. the cold21. depressing22. they work23. french24. careers25. its26. the art of27. to enhance28. how listeners29. directing30. twoofhis employee31. advancement32. sheis competing33. The help34. Their wording35. Some听力篇章36. company37. single38. completely39. vacation40. built41. ecectricity42. evidence43. journey选词填空47. challenges48. stable49. progress50. certainly51. role52. significant53. marvelous54. included55. consist56. solutions阅读：57. encourage58. perform59. it fails to give60. teaching can be tailored61. they conform62. D it makes63.64. conficts65. money means66. discuss money完型：67. reveals68. stff69. although70. absences71. searched72. private73. confronted74. reruit75. as76. on77. intensify78. technical79. option80. academies81. until82.discuss83. positive84. highlinghted85. communities86. what翻译87．Raise money for the survial in the earthquck88. can’t receive my e-mail89. oncovrage me not lose heart90. condsider the popularrring of this novel91. defive the happiness only by momey作文题目：Where There Is a Will There Is a Way1.坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。

－－泰戈尔2011年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案详解1帮考网外语频道免费试题温馨提示，此乃练习题，请勿对号入座。

What is it about Americans and food？ We love to eat， but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best， but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity（肥胖）。

Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence（矛盾情结） lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop（经济作物）wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition， intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience， too， has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat，but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza， say，or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles， whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6 。

2011年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Where There I a Will There Is a Way. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: Where There Is a Will There Is a Way 1．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

2．意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命，3．学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，才用。

才用。

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Why Integrity Matters What is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, each day. One who has responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules abouto keep plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense. "But Everybody Does It" Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks the later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test o assignment; an "F" in the class; suspension or dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an life and death, or highest extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category. Getting Away With It--Or Not Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works. Cheating Hurts Others, Too Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is n curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but ⑧.a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatayour education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the and destructive attack on the quality of University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree. Why Integrity Matters If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. ⑨.We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many example of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, ⑩.Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education. In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want live. 1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______。

11年四级英语试题试卷1及答案Dthe information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.SpaceOur Future in Space: It Has Already Begun!We are all space travelers. But we’ve stayed close to home until now. One day, we may leave our “mother ship” Earth to make our home among the stars.A giant, spherical “spaceship”, about 8,000 miles in diameter, is speeding through the solar system right now. It is cruising at an incredible 66,600 miles per hour.It’s not a giant, Star Wars mother-ship. It’s spaceship Earth, the home of over four billion people. This water coated spaceship has been traveling through the universe for about five billion years. Onlywithin the past 25 years, however, have some of its passengers broken free of Earth’s gravity.But 25 years from now, many people, including you, might live in an orbiting space station 200 miles above the Earth.Space CitiesScientists have already designed special space factories. These factories will take advantage of the absence of gravity (zero gravity) to produce everything from life-saving drugs to perfect ball bearings.Other scientists have designed space colonies, complete with farms, schools, and artificial day and night. Hundreds, or even thousands, of people will live, work, play —even go to school, far above the Earth.Our conquest of space, of course, has already begun. We have explored part of the Moon, sent robot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probespast the planets of Jupiter and Saturn.Last June, one robot ship, Pioneer 10, left our solar system forever. And astronauts from both the Soviet Union and the United States have lived in space stations.The conquest of space, without question, is one of the greatest adventures human beings have ever set out on. But it may be more than a great adventure. Some scientists think the conquest of space may be a necessity for survival of the human species.We are tearing up more and more of the Earth to get raw materials for industry. And we are polluting the air and water as we manufacture products that we need or want. Almost everything that seems to make our lives more comfortable, and fromelectricity to pesticides, uses up or alters a piece of our planet’s natural environment.Why Go into Space?Yet our solar system is full ofresources. The moon is chockfull of valuable metals. So are the asteroids, the small, rocky, planet-like bodies orbiting the sun most of them between Mars and Jupiter. These metals, if we can get them, could be used to build factories and space stations.Also, in space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into electricity for manufacturing, for creating comfortable living conditions.Getting away from Earth has other advantages, too. Modern industry uses many kinds of metal alloys (mixtures of metal that are better for certain purposes than pure metals). Yet some metal alloys either can’t be made or are very expensive to make on Earth because of gravity. For instance, certain metals don’t mix well on Earth. But in zero gravity, molten (hot, liquid) metals mix more evenly. This is because there is no gravity to pull the heavier metals down,while the lighter ones float on top.From space, too, we can look down on the Earth and study the atmosphere, its weather, and the effects of air pollution.And because there is no strong gravity to break free from, our future homes away from Earth will be convenient starting points for travel to distant planets.But, while going into space might solve some problems, outer space can also be a dangerous place. For example, in outer space, we have to protect ourselves from the dangers of ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Ultraviolet light from the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth. Yet, Earth’s atmosphere screens out most of that harmful radiation. Cosmic rays are tiny high energy particles from outer space. Again, the Earth shields us from most of them.At Home in Space?But in space, without special protection, we would be exposed to muchstronger radiation from ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Also, in the zero gravity of outer space, our bones will lose calcium and become weaker. This will be more of a problem the longer people stay out in space. Doctors are looking for a way to keep our bones from losing calcium in outer space. And a small spaceship just might “drive you batty” after a while. But even on a short trip in outer space, you might not feel as well as you’d like to. Space travel could make you seasick!Yet, these risks won’t keep people from going into space. Eventually, an Earth-like environment will be built in space. And they will be populated by people with many different interests: medicine, construction, farming, teaching, mining, and so on.The next hundred years will be filled with other worldly adventures, exciting scientific discoveries, and danger, ashumans leave Earth—perhaps forever.Aging in SpaceSuppose a space traveler is moving at a velocity of 186,200 miles per second. For every hour that passes for him, 30 hours pass on Earth. If he travels for a year in this fashion (having accelerated instantaneously) and then turns around and comes back at this speed (having turned around instantaneously), he will find that while he has seemed to himself to have traveled two years, the men on Earth would claim he had been absent for 30 years.Suppose the space traveler had left at the age of 30, leaving behind a twin brother also aged 30. When he returned he would be 32, but his stay-at-home twin brother would be 60. That is why the “clock paradox”, is sometimes called the “twin paradox”.Of course it takes quite a long while to accelerate to a high speed, and a long while to make a turn and head back again, soconditions aren’t quite as clear-cut as just described.1.The giant, spherical spaceship mentioned in the passage is virtually the planet Earth.2.According to the author, some persons have left the Earth and traveled into outer space within the past 25 years.3.Scientists have already designed special space factories, which manufacture special products and tools for space use, such as medicine and perfect ball bearings.4.According to the information of the passage, we can infer that if the Earth becomes too crowded or no longer suitable for men to dwell on someday, they’ll have to move into space.5.The moon and the asteroids are alike with respect to their rich, valuable metals.6.Ultraviolet light in space places scorches our skin as seriously as it does on Earth.7.Even a short trip in outer space may do some damage to one’s brain.1.[Y][N][NG]2.[Y][N][NG]3.[Y][N][NG]4.[Y] [N][NG]5.[Y][N][NG]6.[Y][N][NG]7.[Y][N][NG]8.The reason some metal alloys can’t be made on Earth is that the heavier metals together with the lighter ones.9.In space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into , for creating comfortable living conditions.10.According to the author, will be caused to a man in gravity free space.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)SectionADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will beasked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.[A]Tennis equipment.[B]Volleyball equipment.[C]Football equipment.[D]Basketball equipment.12.[A]He must meet his teacher.[B]He must attend a class.[C]He must go out with his girlfriend.[D]He must stay at school to finish his homework.13.[A]It’s not as good as it was.[B]It’s better than it used to be.[C]It’s better than people say.[D]It’s even worse than people say.14.[A]Because he doesn’t like football.[B]Because Maria fell ill.[C]Because he didn’t have the time.[D]Because Maria can’t stand football.15.[A]A temporary job.[B]A permanent job.[C]Some money for the vacation.[D]Some money for the university fees.16.[A]The woman did most of the talking.[B]The man did most of the talking.[C]The woman was wearing a black sweater.[D]The man and the woman had dark hair.17.[A]A sunny day.[B]A raincoat.[C]An attractive hut.[D]A lovely hat.18.[A]Librarian and student.[B]Operator and caller.[C]Boss and secretary.[D]Customer and repairman.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A]The benefits of strong business competition.[B]A proposal to lower the cost of production.[C]Complaints about the expense of modernization.[D]Suggestions concerning new business strategies.20.[A]It costs much more than its worth.[B]It should be brought up to date.[C]It calls for immediate repairs.[D]It can still be used for a long time.21.[A]The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.[B]A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.[C]The entire staff should be retrained.[D]Better-educated employees should be promoted.22.[A]Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.[B]TV commercials are less expensive.[C]Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.[D]TV commercials attract more investments.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.[A]Searching for reference material.[B]Watching a film of the 1930s’.[C]Writing a course book.[D]Looking for a job in a movie studio.24.[A]It’s too broad to cope with.[B]It’s a bit outdated.[C]It’s controversial.[D]It’s of little practical value.25.[A]At the end of the online catalogue.[B]At the Reference Desk.[C]In the New York Times.[D]In the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of eachpassage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.[A]The liberation movement of British women.[B]Rapid economic development in Britain.[C]Changing attitudes to family life.[D]Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.27.[A]Because millions of men died in the war.[B]Because women had proved their worth.[C]Because women were more skillful than men.[D]Because factories preferred to employ women.28.[A]The concept of “the family” asa social unit.[B]The attitudes to birth control.[C]The attitudes to religion.[D]The ideas of authority and tradition.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.[A]Synthetic fuel.[B]Solar energy.[C]Alcohol.[D]Electricity.30.[A]Air traffic conditions.[B]Traffic jams on highways.[C]Road conditions.[D]New traffic rules.31.[A]Go through a health check.[B]Take little luggage with them.[C]Arrive early for boarding.[D]Undergo security checks.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.[A]Washing plates.[B]Clearing tables.[C]Shining shoes.[D]Sweeping the floor.33.[A]He must work six days a week.[B]He should never be late for work.[C]He must study hard in his spare time.[D]He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.34.[A]To pay him for his work.[B]To let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.[C]To give his friends free drinks.[D]To allow him to have more free time.35.[A]Because the boy was not a fulltime worker.[B]Because the boy had made some mistakes.[C]Because he thought the boy had failedto meet his requirements.[D]Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Americans are proud of the (36) achievements made in this country. Medical scientists have found cures and (37) forsuch diseases as polio and tuberculosis. They have learned a great deal about (38) and heart disease. Many lives have been saved. American hospitals are the most modern and best (39) medical facilities in the world. But this degree of excellence has been expensive.Medical costs in the United States are very high. There is a (40) health plan for Americans. But there are many programs (41) for this purpose. Many people have health plans at the companies where they work. Under these plans, the company pays a fixed (42) of money regularly into a fund. Then when the (43) needs medical help, he can use money from the fund to pay for it.Other people have health insurance. (44) .In some medical plans, the insurance company is also the medical institution.(45) .Then when they need medical treatment, they go to the hospital without paying more money.(46) . These programs make medical care available to those without their own health insurance.Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)SectionADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.There’s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we47 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 48 for fossil fuels?Global warming can seem too 49 to worry about, or too uncertain something projected by the same computer 50 that often can’t get next week’s weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 51 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 52 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren’t pretty. Ice is 53, rivers are running dry, and coasts are 54,threatening communities.The 55 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn’t be out of mind, because they are omens of what’s in store for the 56 of the planet.[A]remote[B]techniques[C]consisting[D]res t[E]willing[F]climate[G]skill[H]appetite[I]melting[J ]vanishing[K]eroding[L]temperature[M]curiosity[N]ch anges[O]skillfulSectionBDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job ofachieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessfulat something you really like, and to which you have given your best effort.”57.In the first paragraph, the author implies that are essential in achieving success .[A]ability and goals[B]goals and determination[C]ability and environment[D]goals and environment58.The word “frugal”(Line. 2, Para 2.) means .[A]wealthy[B]wasteful[C]thrifty[D]miserable59.Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because .[A]their life is miserable [B]they do not live in peace[C]their goals are too low[D]they are not rich enough by their own standards60.The last paragraph implies that .[A]we should have high goals[B]success means achieving great goals[C]success means taking a walk in the park[D]success means trying one’s best at what one really likes61.This passage mainly talks about .[A]the definition of success[B]how to achieve success[C]how to set goals[D]the importance of goals64.One major difference between the look say method of learning reading and the phonics method is .[A]look-say is simpler[B]phonics takes longer to learn[C]look-say is easier to teach[D]phonics gives readers access to far more words65.The phrase “touch off” (Para 3, Line 1) most probably means .[A]talk about shortly[B]start or cause[C]compare with[D]oppose66.According to the author, which of the following statements is true?[A]Phonics approach regards wholeword method as unimportant.[B]The whole word approach emphasizes decoding.[C]In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.[D]Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into thepassage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Methods of studying vary; what works 67 for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment 68 you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: 69 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won’t although college. Meantime, there are a few rules that 70 for everybody. The hint is “don’t get 71 ”.The problem of studying, 72 enough to start with, becomes almost 73 when you are trying to do three 74 in one weekend. 75 the fastest readers have trouble 76 that. And if you are behind in written work that must be 77, the teacher who accepts it 78 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 79 . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is reallyno 80 . Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t 81 one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 82 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should 83 all their time to it. 84 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 85 , begin with the shortest and easiest 86 . Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.67.[A]good[B]easily[C]sufficiently[D]well68.[A]until[B]after[C]while[D]so69.[A]somebody[B]nobody[C]everybody[D]anybody70.[A]follow[B]go[C]operate[D]work71.[A]behind[B]after[C]slow[D]later72.[A]hardly[B]unpleasant[C]hard[D]heavy73.[A]improbable[B]necessary[C]impossible[D]inevitable74.[A]week’s work[B]weeks’ works[C]weeks’ work[D]week’ s works75.[A]Even[B]Almost[C]If[D]With76.[A]to do[B]doing[C]at doing[D]with doing77.[A]turned in[B]tuned up[C]turned out[D]given in78.[A]very[B]quite[C]such[D]too79.[A]anyway[B]either[C]at all[D]that80.[A]solution[B]method[C]answer[D]excuse81.[A]help[B]encourage[C]assist[D]improve82.[A]expense[B]pay[C]debt[D]charge83.[A]devote[B]put[C]spend[D]take84.[A]Whichever[B]Whatever[C]However[D]Wherever85.[A]attraction[B]decision[C]temptation[D]dilemma86.[A]arrangements[B]way[C]assignments[D]classPart ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.Not only (他向我收费太高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.88.The murderer (混在人群当中)with an attempt to shoot at the Prime Minister whenever he seized a chance.89.The emergence of e-commerce and the fast growing Internet economy are(为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).90.That Canadian speaks Chinese (和他说英语一样流利).91.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was(忙着准备) her examination.Key to Model Test ThreePart IWriting【写作思路】本文要求写一篇针对吸烟问题的议论文。