2014年3月高级口译真题：听力部分下半场（原文+解析）
第四部分听力（下半场）
SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)
Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling
Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You will not get your TEST BOOK and ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.
听力原文：
Good afternoon, class. I want to start my lecture by telling you a story. Once there was a young woman from Mexico named Consuela, who came to New York to learn English. She got a job at a factory owned by a Chinese. One day as Consuela came to work, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope. Consuela looked inside and saw 20 dollars. She became very upset and threw the envelope back at her boss! Her boss was shocked. Well, he had given her the red envelope and the money because it was Chinese New Year. And on the Chinese New Year, it is traditional to give money to young, single people for good luck. However, from Consuela’s point of view, he was an older man giving her money in an envelope, which meant that he was asking her for sexual favors. Naturally, she refused to take the money.
Now, what does this story show us? It shows that an action can have totally opposite meanings in different cultures. Every culture has its own rules for what is appropriate and what is not appropriate behavior. And to illustrate my point today, I’m going to give examples from four areas. First, the way people greet each other in different cultures. Second, the way they use names and titles. Third, the way people eat. And finally, the way they exchange gifts.
OK, let’s start with greeting customs—First of all, I’m sure you know that in the United States and in most western countries, greetings often involve some sort of touching, such as a handshake, a hug, or a kiss if people know each other very well. On the other hand, people from most Asian countries don’t usually feel as comfortable touching in public. Although handshakes between business people are common, many Japanese prefer a bow, while people from Thailand, normally hold their hands together in a kind of prayer position. So imagine how embarrassing it would be if an American was invited to someone’s home in Japan or Thailand and she tried to hug the host!
Now, another behavior that differs from culture to culture is the use of names. Have you noticed that Americans are quick to use people’s first names even if they have just met. For
instance, visitors to the United States are always surprised to hear employees speak to their bosses using first names. In contrast, people in most other cultures are more formal and prefer to be addressed as Mr. Brown or Mr. Honda, for example. In addition, in some countries, such as Italy or Korea, people like you to include their title or position with their family names, especially if they're university graduates or owners of a business.
Now I want to look at eating customs. I'll talk about the behaviors connected with eating that vary from culture to culture. One of these is the use of utensils. You probably know that people in many Asian cultures use chopsticks but in some countries it’s customary to eat with your fingers. It’s important to be aware of different dining customs. Here is another example. In some cultures, eating everything on your plate is considered impolite. In Egypt and China, you should leave some food in your dish at the end of the meal. This is to show that your hosts were generous and gave you more than enough to eat. However, Americans generally consider a clean plate as a sign of satisfaction with the food.
Finally, what I want to mention today is gift giving, which you may think is a universal custom and there is not much variation from culture to culture. But the rules of gift giving can be very comp licated. In USA, if you’re invited to someone’s home for dinner, bring wine or flowers or small item as a present. On the other hand, the Japanese give gifts quite frequently, often to thank someone, such as a teacher or a doctor. In the Japanese culture, gift giving is a very ancient tradition and it has many detailed rules. Another interesting fact about gift giving is that many cultures have strict rules about gifts you should not give. For example, never give yellow flowers to people from Iran, which means you hate them!
【评析】
本文题材对考生来说并不陌生，是老生常谈的文化差异。作者先从一个故事引入，再从四个方面(打招呼，称谓，饮食及送礼)介绍各国不同的风俗习惯。做笔记时，从这四个角度进行归类，记下关键的实词，相信正确答案就近在咫尺了。
【难词】
bow n. 鞠躬
address v. 称呼
utensil n. 餐具
universal adj. 普遍的，通用的
Part B: Listening and Translation
I. Sentence Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your
version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
1. High-school-age boys are more likely to be obese than their female counterparts. Only 30% of high-school-age boys get the recommended 60 minutes of daily exercise.
高中男生比同龄女生更容易肥胖。只有30%的高中男生达到了推荐的每天1小时的运动量。
2. Innovation is like a bamboo shoot. A bamboo shoot spends many years underground, and then it just peaks its head up like a seeding and it just shows up very quickly.
创新就像竹笋。竹笋深埋地下多年之后，就像种子一样破土而出、快速成长。
3. Wal-Mart will be offering some online specials as early as 8:00 a.m. on Thanks giving. Some of the in-store deals will also be available online, but others will be Internet-only specials.
沃尔玛将在感恩节早上八点提供网购特价产品。一些实体店商品也可以在网上买到，但还有一些只供网路销售。
4. Small companies can't get the credit they need. Statistics show that a big drop in landing to small businesses in the last quarter of 2012 and conditions that remain tight through 2013.
小公司不能获得他们想要的贷款了。数据表明，2012年最后一个季度小额借贷出现较
大跌幅，2013年形势依然紧张。
5. Eating more than 18 ounces of red meat per week ups your risk of colorectal cancer. Its
risk also rises by 40% with every three ounces serving of process meat eating per day.
每周食用超过18盎司的红肉将增加罹患结肠癌的风险。每天吃3盎司的加工肉制品则会使这种患病风险增加40%。
II. Passage Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.
Passage Translation E-C 1
Crime can be divided into two main categories, misdemeanors and felonies. A misdemeanor such as pick-pocketing, or something of bad nature is punishable with more than 15 days in prison but less than 1 year. Felonies are serious crimes, such as burglary, robbery, kidnapping and murder. These crimes are so serious that anyone found guilty will spend some time in prison. When a person who commits a crime is courted that person who is called a defendant or the
accused go through a legal process. If the person is found guilty, then the judge decides what the punishment should be.
【参考译文】
犯罪可被分为两类：轻罪和重罪。类似扒窃，或者一些不好的行为习惯会被判处一年以内，15天以上的监禁。重罪即严重罪行，例如：盗窃、抢劫、劫持和谋杀。这些罪行非常严重，因此任何人被认定有重罪都将会在监狱待上一段时间。当罪犯被诉讼到法院改称“被告”或“被控告者”时，需要走法律程序。如果此人被认定有罪，则由法官判定处以何种处罚。
【评析】
本篇文章内容为法律相关的“法言法语”。从结构上而言，依然是历年来常见的总-分结构。但对于大部分考生而言，不常接触这类题材，难度较大。尤其是一些法律专业术语，如：misdemeanors(轻罪) 、felonies (重罪)，burglary(盗窃)等。本篇听译也提醒各位考生，应尽可能扩大平时的阅读、听力背景知识领域，从新闻、法律、文化、经济等多角度进行积累。
Passage Translation E-C 2
Culture shock is the term used to describe the experience many people have when they travel to another country. It shows what happens when an individual suddenly experiences the different culture rules of another social group. Culture shock is a complex phenomenon. But I’m going to focus on three main ideas today. First of all, we will consider the reasons why people experience culture shock. Secondly, I will describe the different stages of this experience. Finally, I’ll mention why we have spent so much time and money to study this phenomenon. You might think that culture shock affects, see, only travelers. But that is not the case; in fact cross-culture studies have immersed practical value for modern society.
【参考译文】
文化冲突，用来形容人们在他国旅行时所形成的不同感受。文化冲突显示出个人在突然经历另一社会群体的不同文化规则时所发生的一切。文化冲突是一种复杂的现象。不过今天我将主要从三个主要方面展开讨论。第一，我们一起来考虑为什么人们会感觉到文化冲突。第二，我会讲解文化冲突的几个不同阶段。最后，我会提到我们为什么要花费如此多的时间和金钱来研究这一现象。你或许认为文化冲突仅仅影响旅行者们。但事实并非如此，实际上跨文化研究对当代社会有巨大的现实意义。
【评析】
文化冲突，用来形容人们在他国旅行时所形成的不同感受。文化冲突显示出个人在突然经历另一社会群体的不同文化规则时所发生的一切。文化冲突是一种复杂的现象。不过今天我将主要从三个主要方面展开讨论。第一，我们一起来考虑为什么人们会感觉到文化冲突。
第二，我会讲解文化冲突的几个不同阶段。最后，我会提到我们为什么要花费如此多的时间和金钱来研究这一现象。你或许认为文化冲突仅仅影响旅行者们。但事实并非如此，实际上跨文化研究对当代社会有巨大的现实意义。
2017年英语专业四级真题及答案 III. 语言知识： 11. ___B_____ combination of techniques authors use, all stories---from the briefest anecdotes to the longest novels ----have a plot. A. Regarding B. Whatever. C. In so far as D. No matter 12. She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor to a closed door, ____B______ the women gave a quick knock before opening it.. A. wherein B. on which C. but when D. then 13. Ms Ennab is one of the first Palestinian ______C____ with seven years’ racing experience. A. woman drivers B. women driver C. women drivers D. woman driver 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.”The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness 15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to ____D______. A. alleviate hostility B. express unfavorable feelings C. indicate uncertainty D. make a suggestion 16. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express __B_____. A obligation B disappointment C future in the past D. tentativeness 17. Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantation that _____D______ history. A. could have later made B. should have made later C. might make later D. would later make 18. Some Martian rock structures look strikingly like structures on Earth that are known ___C___by microbes. A. having been created B. being created C. to have been created D. to be created 19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ______ if I ____A_______alone. A. would have been …had been B. should be … had been C. could be … were D. might have been… were 20. You must fire __C____ incompetent assistant of yours A. the B. an C. that D. whichever 21. Some narratives seem more like plays, heavy with dialogue by which writers allow their
机密★启用前 2014年广东省初中毕业生学业考试 语文 说明：1．全卷共6页，满分为120分。考试用时为120分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔在答题卡填写自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号。用2B铅笔把对应该号码的标号涂黑。 3．答题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目的指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．本试卷设有附加题，共10分，考生可答可不答；该题得分作为补偿分计人总分，但全卷最后得分不得超过120分。 5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束时，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、(24分） 1．根据课文默写古诗文。（10分） （1)人恒过然后能改，口口口口口口口口口，征于色发于声而后喻。（《孟子》两章）(1分） (2)客路青山外，口口口口口。口口口口口，风正一帆悬。（王湾《次北固山下》）(2分） (3)口口口口口口口，五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵。（辛弃疾《破阵子》）(1分） (4)《归园田居（其三）》中，写陶渊明早出晚归，表现他闲适恬淡心境的句子是： 口口口口口，口口口口口。(2分） (5)默写李白的《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》。(4分） 口口口口口口口，口口口口口口口。口口口口口口口，口口口口口口口。 2．根据拼音写出相应的词语。(4分） (1）须晴日，看红装素裹，分外rāo yáo。( ) (2）我懂得了鸟儿如何筑巢，如何繁衍，如何随着季节的变化而qiān xǐ。( ) (3）人类的智慧与大自然的智慧相比，实在是xiāng xíng jiàn chù。( ) (4）她总是对人们微笑着，pò bù jí dài地想对人民有所贡献。( ) 3．下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当 ．．．的一项是（）(3分） A．旋风一样，是飞扬 ．．的流苏；乱蛙一样，是蹦跳的脚步；火花一样，是闪射的瞳仁。 B．母亲啊！你是荷叶，我是红莲，心中的雨点来了，除了你，谁是我在无遮拦天空下的荫蔽 ．．？ C.垃圾广告、恶意插件、暴力游戏和八卦新闻等充斥着互联网，令网民不厌其烦 ．．．．。 D.“光盘行动”、十面霾伏”等词语从众多网络新词中脱颖而出 ．．．．，获评2013年度十大新词语。 4．下列对病句的修改不正确 ．．．的一项是（）(3分） A．珠算“申遗”成功后，不少网友认为，珠算是我国古代的重大发明，是中华民族智慧的结晶，应该加以发扬和传承。（将“发扬”与“传承”互换位置） B．昆虫学家法布尔把科学和文学巧妙地结合起来，用生动形象的语言为我们刻画了一个绚丽多姿的昆虫世界。（把“刻画”改为“描绘”）
2014年一建市政真题及参考答案 一、单选题 1、关于降噪排水路面的说法，正确的是（B）。 A.磨耗层采用SMA混合料； B.上面层采用OGFC沥青混合料； C.中面层采用尖端级配沥青混合料； D.地面层采用监督级配混合料； 【P9】教材图及解释。 2、城市道路工程施工与质量验收规程中规定，热板沥青混合料路面应待摊铺层自然降温至表面温度对于（C）后，方可开放交通。 A.70°C； B.60°C； C.50°C； D.65°C力； 【P393】热拌沥青混合料路面应待摊铺层自然降温至表面温度低于50℃后，方可开放交通。 3、下列膨胀土路基的处理方法中，错误的是（C） A.采用灰土桩对路基进行加固； B.用堆载预压对路基进行加固； C.在路基中设透水层； D.采用不透水的面层结构； 【P18】膨胀土路基可采取的措施包括用灰土桩加固和改良；也可用开挖换填、堆载预压对路基进行加固。同时应采取措施做好路基的防水和保湿，如设置排水沟，采用不透水的面层结构，在路基中设不透水层； 4、用于基坑边坡支护的喷射混凝土的主要外加剂是（D）。 A.膨胀剂； B.引气剂； C.防水剂； D.速凝剂； 【P56】常用的外加剂有减水剂、早强剂、缓凝剂、引气剂、防冻剂、膨胀剂、防水剂、混凝土泵送剂、喷射混凝土用的速凝剂等。 5、预应力混凝土连续梁合龙宜在一天中气温（C）时进行 A.最高； B.较高； C.最低； D.较高。 【P69】合龙宜在一天中气温最低时进行。 6、场地地面空旷，地质条件好，周围无需保护的建筑物时，应优先采用的基坑施工方法是（A）。 A.放坡开挖； B.钢板桩支护； C.钻孔灌注桩支护； D.地下连续墙支护； 【解析】想想就知道。 7、城市轨道交通地面正线宜采用（D）。 A.长枕式整体道床；
2014年专四真题 CLOZE The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (31)____ important. Although divisions of labour had been (32)____ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776, (33)____ could now become fully realised. This specialization of labour was in (34)____ contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)____ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialization. (36)____ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)____ and changed working life forever (38)____ were the days when work was (39)____ by natural forces: steam engines were servant (40)____ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)____. The clocking-on machine was (42)____ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (43)____ twenty years later. (44)____ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)____ and predictable income, but long hours. Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)____ was reorganised to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old (47)____ St. Monday - when no work was done - was (48)____, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)____ Monday morning. A new division between “work” and “leisure” emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)____ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes. 31. A. increasingly B. surprisingly C. slowly D. obviously 32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived 33. A. he B. it C. these D. those 34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm 35. A. that B. what C. where D. which 36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For 37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful 38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed 39. A. defined B. controlled C. limited D. dictated 40. A. over B. on C. by D. to 41. A. standard B. controlled C. difficult D. dreadful 42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought 43. A. some B. certain C. these D. those 44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly 45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure 46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice 47. A. culture B. behavior C. custom D. habit 48. A. repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate 49. A. before B. until C. on D. after 50. A. raise B. increase C. trend D. present PART IV GRAMMARVOCABULARY [15 MIN] 51. It is essential that he ________ all the facts first. A. is examining B. will examine C. examines D. examine 52. Which of the following sentences expresses a future action? A. Lucy is continually finding fault with her sister. B. We are meeting the visitors after the performance. C. The coach is now crossing the Garden Bridge. D. I’m hoping that you’ll give us some advice. 53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object
2014年深圳中考数学试卷 一、选择题 1、9的相反数（） 1 A：-9 B：9 C：±9 D： 9 答案：A 解析：考点：相反数，有理数的概念中考常规必考，多第一题。 2、下列图形中是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是（） 答案：B 解析：考点：轴对称和中心对称。中考常规必考。 3、支付宝与”快的打车”联合推出优惠，”快的打车”一夜之间红遍大江南北，据统计，2014年”快的打车”账户流水总金额达到47.3亿元，47.3亿元用科学计数法表示为（） A：4.73×108B: 4.73×109 C：4.73×1010 D：4.73×1011 答案：B 解析：考点：科学计数法。中考常规必考。 4、由几个大小相同的正方形组成的几何图形如图所示，则它的俯视图为（） A B C D 答案：A 解析：考点：三视图 A：平均数3 B:众数是-2 C：中位数是1 D：极差为8 答案：D 解析：考点：数据的代表。 极差：最大值－最小值。6-（-2）=8。 平均数：（-2+1+2+1+4+6）÷6=2。 众数：1。中位数：先由小到大排列：-2,1，1,2,4,6，中间两位为1和2，则中位数计算为：（1+2）÷2=1.5. 6，已知函数y=ax+b经过（1,3）（0，-2），求a-b=（） A：-1 B：-3 C:3 D:7 答案：D 解析：考点：待定系数法求函数解析式。代入（1,3），（0,-2）到函数解析式y=ax+b得，a+b=3,b=-2，则a
=5,b=-2，a-b=7 7、.下列方程中没有实数根的是（） A、x2+4x=10 B、3x2+8x-3=0 C、x2-2x+3=0 D、(x-2)(x-3)=12 答案：C 考点：判根公式的考察：△=b2-4ac。C项中△＜0，无实数根。 8、如图，△ABC和△DEF中，AB=DE, ∠B=∠DEF，添加下列哪一个条件无法证明△ABC≌△DEF（） A、AB∥DE B、∠A=∠D C、AC=DF D、∠ACB=∠F 答案：C 考点：三角形全等的条件：SSS、SAS、AAS、ASA、HL。C项成立则为SSA，非三角形全等的判定方法。 9.袋子里有四个球，标有2,3,4,5，先抽取一个并记住，放回，然后在抽取一个，问抽取的两个数字之和大于6的概率是（） A 1/2 B 7/12 C 5/8 D 3/4 答案：C 解析：二组变量的概率计算。方法：列表法，树状图。总情况16种，大于6的情况有：2（5）；3（4、5）；4（3、4、5）；5（2、3、4、5）共10种，10/16=5/8. 10.小明去爬山，在山角看山顶的角度为30°，小明在坡比为5:12的山坡上走1300米后看山顶的角度为60°，求山高（） A 600-250 √3 B 600-250√3 C 350+350√3 D500√3 答案：B 解析：解直角三角形的实际问题。依题意CD=1300，DE：CE=5:12，则DE=500,CE=1200,设DF=x,在Rt△DFA 中，∠ADF=60°，AF=√3x，在Rt△DFA中，∠ACB=30°，AB=√3x+500，BC=1200+x，AB：BC=1：√3，解得，x = 600-250√3. 11.二次函数y=ax2+bx+c图像如图所示，下列说法正确的是（） （1）bc＞0 （2）2a-3c＜0 （3）2a+b＞0 （4）ax2+bx+c=0有两个解x1,x2,x1＞0，x2＜0 （5）a+b+c＞0 （6）当x＞1时，y随x的增大而减小。
2014年一级建造师《通信与广电工程》考试真题 一、单项选择题(共20题，每题1分。每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意) 1采用卡接方式的卡线钳应垂直接线端子，压下时发出回弹响声说明卡接完成，多余线头应( )。 A.随后剪断 B.手动剪断 C.自动剪断 D.统一剪断 参考答案：C 参考解析:卡线钳的工作原理决定多余线头的自动剪断才能保证芯线卡接的可靠。 保存点击查看试题笔记(1)2微波安装的硬波导馈线要求横平竖直，应稳定、牢固、受力均匀，加固间距为( )左右。 A.1.0m B.1.5m C.2.0m D.2.5m 参考答案：C 参考解析:第2题笔记(本题共1条笔记，旧版解析、笔记已转移到这里)查看所有笔记(1)查看我的笔记(0) 3对于为中、远地区(超过2000km)服务的中波、短波广播发射台，障碍物的仰角应不大于( )。 A.10～1.5o B.1.5o～2o C.2o～2.5o D.2.5o～3o 参考答案：B 4( )是以服务器为核心，利用网络来传送音视频数据和文件，实现自动化的方式和并行的工作模式，实现资源共享、提高工作效率。 A.广播电视中心的数字化 B.传输系统的数字化 C.广播电视中心的网络化 D.传输系统的网络化 参考答案：C 5计算机网络的主要目的是( )。 A.资源共享 B.提高系统可靠性
C.均衡负荷 D.提供灵活的工作环境 参考答案：A 6市话全塑电缆的型号中，分类代号HP代表电缆为( )。 A.市话电缆 B.配线电缆 C.局用电缆 D.都不对 参考答案：B 7设置在汇接局(Tm)和端局(C5)的时钟是( )。 A.第一级时钟 B.第二级时钟 C.第三级时钟 D.第四级时钟 参考答案：C 参考解析:第一级时钟是基准时钟(PRC)，由铯原子组成，它是我国数字网中最高质量的时钟，是其他所有时钟的定时基准;第二级时钟是长途交换中心时钟;第三级时钟是有保持功能的高稳定度晶体时钟，设置在汇接局(Tin)和端局(C5)，需要时可设置大楼综合定时供给系统;第四级时钟是一般晶体时钟，通过同步链路与第三级时钟同步，设置于远端模块、数字终端设备和数字用户交换设备。 8石质、半石质地段应在沟底和光缆上方各铺( )厚的细土或沙土。 A.50mm B.100mm C.150mm D.200mm 参考答案：B 9GPS天线应处在避雷针顶点下倾( )保护范围内。 A.15o B.30o C.45o D.60o 参考答案：C 10执法人员当场作出行政处罚决定的，应当填写统一编号的《行政处罚(当场)决定书》，当场交付当事人并告知当事人，如不服行政处罚决定，可以依法( )。 A.申请行政复议或者提起民事诉讼 B.提起行政诉讼或者提起民事诉讼
2017年考研数学三真题及解析 一、选择题 1—8小题．每小题4分，共32分． 1 ．若函数0(),0x f x b x >=?≤? 在0x =处连续，则 （A ）12ab = （B ）1 2 ab =-（C ）0ab =（D ）2ab = 【详解】0001112lim ()lim lim 2x x x x f x ax ax a +++→→→-=== ，0lim ()(0)x f x b f -→==，要使函数在0x =处连续，必须满足11 22 b ab a =?=．所以应该选（A ） 2．二元函数(3)z xy x y =--的极值点是（ ） （A ）(0,0) （B ）03(,) （C ）30(,) （D ）11(,) 【详解】 2(3)32z y x y xy y xy y x ?=---=--?，232z x x xy y ?=--?， 解方程组2 2320320z y xy y x z x x xy y ??=--=??????=--=???，得四个驻点．对每个驻点验证2 AC B -，发现只有在点11(,)处满足 230AC B -=>，且20A C ==-<，所以11(,)为函数的极大值点，所以应该选（D ） 3．设函数()f x 是可导函数，且满足()()0f x f x '>，则 （A ） (1)(1)f f >- （B ）11()()f f <- （C ）11()()f f >- （D ）11()()f f <- 【详解】设2 ()(())g x f x =，则()2()()0g x f x f x ''=>，也就是()2 ()f x 是单调增加函数．也就得到 () ()2 2 (1)(1)(1)(1)f f f f >-?>-，所以应该选（C ） 4． 若级数 21 1sin ln(1)n k n n ∞ =??--??? ?∑收敛，则k =（ ） （A ）1 （B ）2 （C ）1- （D ）2- 【详解】iv n →∞时22221111111111sin ln(1)(1)22k k k o k o n n n n n n n n n ???????? --=---+=++ ? ? ? ? ????? ???? 显然当且仅当(1)0k +=，也就是1k =-时， 级数的一般项是关于1 n 的二阶无穷小，级数收敛，从而选择（C ）．
TEXT A After breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under-masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was a quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest. The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip's clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming in their treble voices with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip's deformity. One of them invented an odd, rolling limp that struck the rest as supremely ridiculous, and several of the boys lay down on the ground and rolled about in laughter: Philip
2014年中考语文试题及答案
贵州省铜仁市2014年中考 语文试题 第Ⅰ卷（每小题3分，共30分） —、（21分） 1、下列词语中加点字的读音全部正确的一项是（） A．省悟（xǐng）凝固（níng）犒赏（kào）锲而不舍（qiè） B．哺育（bǔ）贿赂（lù）症结（zhēng）飒爽英姿（shà） C．功绩（jì）星宿（sù）扼要（è）揆情度理（duó） D．谈吐（tǔ）栈桥（zhàn）对峙（shì）锐不可当（dāng） 2、下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（） A．禁锢断壁残垣按步就班粗制滥造 B．像样不可明状眼花缭乱川流不息 C．修葺绵里藏针谈笑风生销声匿迹 D．恻隐绿荫蔽日不记其数无耻谰言 3、下列句子中加点的成语使用错误的一项是（） A．今年五·一期间，风景秀丽的梵净山令国内外游人流．连忘返 ．．．。 B．日本首相安倍晋三肆无忌惮 ．．．．地参拜靖国神社，激起了亚洲各国人民的极大愤慨。 C．为了在科技比赛中体现创新精神，许多同学处心积虑 ．．．．，设计了各种造型的航空模型。 D．辛弃疾的词大多以激昂跌宕的气势和独具匠心 ．．．．的构思来抒情言志，在南宋词坛上占有重要地位。
4、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（） A．大力加强未成年人思想道德，是学校、家庭、社会一 项重要而紧迫的任务。 B．语文素养是学生学好其他课程的基础，也是学生全面 发展和终身发展的基础。 C．经过全市人民的共同努力，使我市的空气质量状况有 了明显改善。 D．河水的来源除了地下水等之外，还有雨水也是它的来 源之一。 5、下列句子标点符号使用正确的一项是（） A．容不得束缚，容不得羁绊，容不得闭塞。是挣脱了， 冲破了，撞开了的那么一股劲! B．“梵天净土，桃源铜仁”。已经成为了铜仁市对外宣 传的一张名片。 C．“哎呀，真是美极了。”皇帝说：“我十分满意!” D．父亲总是要说他那句永不变更的话：“唉!如果于勒 竟在这只船上，那会叫人多么惊喜呀!” 6、下列句子顺序捧列正确的一项是（） ①一次，富兰克林买到一本《旁观者》刊物，便边读边 把几篇文章的大意摘录下来。 ②接着，就把自己写的与原文比较，发现自己的缺点， 就把它改正过来。 ③几年以后，他模拟原文的风格，写出了一篇篇文章。 ④这样下来，他不仅掌握了作者的观点，取到了“真经”，而且学到了作者的思维方法，锻炼了自己的创造力。 ⑤“不动笔墨不读书”是强化记忆、训练思维的好方法。 ⑥美国科学家富兰克林的成功就是由此开始的。 A．⑤⑥②③①④ B．④③②①⑤⑥ C．⑤⑥①③②④
2014年全国一级建造师执业资格考试《建筑工程管理与实务》真题 一、单项选择题(共20题，每题1分。每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意) 1．某受压细长杆件，两端铰支，其临界力为50kN，若将杆件支座形式改为两端固定，其临界力应为（）kN。 A．50 B．100 C．150 D．200 2．预应力混凝土构件的混凝土最低强度等级不应低于（）。 A．C10 B．C35 C．C40 D．C45 3．某受均布线荷载作用的简支梁，受力简图如下图所示，其剪力图形状为（）。 4．关于钢筋混凝土框架结构震害严重程度的说法，错误的是（）。 A．柱的震害重于梁 B．角柱的震害重于内柱 C．短柱的震害重于一般柱 D．柱底的震害重于柱顶 5．下列水泥品种中，其水化热最大的是（）。 A．普通水泥
B．硅酸盐水泥 C．矿渣水泥 D．粉煤灰水泥 6．在混凝土配合比设计时，影响混凝土拌合物和易性最主要的因素是（）。 A．砂率 B．单位体积用水量 C．拌合方式 D．温度 7．关于高聚物改性沥青防水卷材的说法，错误的是（）。 A．SBS卷材尤其适用于较低气温环境的建筑防水 B．APP卷材尤其适用于较高气温环境的建筑防水 C．采用冷粘法铺贴时，施工环境温度不应低于0℃ D．采用热熔法铺贴时，施工环境温度不应低于-10℃ 8．对施工控制网为方格形式的建筑场地，最方便的平面点位放线测量方法是（）。A．直角坐标法 B．极坐标法 C．角度前方交会法 D．距离交会法 9．关于岩土工程性能的说法，正确的是（）。 A．内摩擦角不是土体的抗剪强度指标 B．土体的抗剪强度指标包含有内摩擦力和内聚力 C．在土方填筑时，常以土的天然密度控制土的夯实标准 D．土的天然含水量对土体边坡稳定没有影响 10．下列桩基施工工艺中，不需要泥浆护壁的是（）。 A．冲击钻成孔灌注桩 B．回转钻成孔灌注桩 C．潜水电钻成孔灌注桩 D．钻孔压浆灌注桩 11．关于小型空心砌块砌筑工艺的说法，正确的是（）。 A．上下通缝砌筑 B．不可采用铺浆法砌筑 C．先绑扎构造柱钢筋后砌筑，最后浇筑混凝土 D．防潮层以下的空心小砌块砌体，应用C15混凝土灌实砌体的孔洞 12．当设计无要求时，在240mm厚的实心砌体上留设脚手眼的做法，正确的是（）。A．过梁上一皮砖处
1992年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学三试题 一、填空题(本题共5小题,每小题3分,满分15分,把答案填在题中横线上.) (1) 设商品的需求函数为1005Q P =-,其中,Q P 分别表示为需求量和价格,如果商品需 求弹性的绝对值大于1,则商品价格的取值范围是_________. (2) 级数21 (2)4n n n x n ∞ =-∑的收敛域为_________. (3) 交换积分次序 1 (,)dy f x y dx =?_________. (4) 设A 为m 阶方阵,B 为n 阶方阵,且0 ,,0A A a B b C B ?? === ??? ,则C =________. (5) 将,,,,,,C C E E I N S 等七个字母随机地排成一行,那么,恰好排成英文单词SCIENCE 的 概率为__________. 二、选择题(本题共5小题,每小题3分,满分15分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内.) (1) 设2()()x a x F x f t dt x a = -?,其中()f x 为连续函数,则lim ()x a F x →等于 ( ) (A) 2 a (B) 2 ()a f a (C) 0 (D) 不存在 (2) 当0x →时,下面四个无穷小量中,哪一个是比其他三个更高阶的无穷小量? ( ) (A) 2 x (B) 1cos x - 1 (D) tan x x - (3) 设A 为m n ?矩阵,齐次线性方程组0Ax =仅有零解的充分条件是 ( ) (A) A 的列向量线性无关 (B) A 的列向量线性相关 (C) A 的行向量线性无关 (D) A 的行向量线性相关 (4) 设当事件A 与B 同时发生时,事件C 必发生,则 ( ) (A) ()()()1P C P A P B ≤+- (B) ()()()1P C P A P B ≥+- (C) ()()P C P AB = (D) ()()P C P A B =U (5) 设n 个随机变量12,,,n X X X L 独立同分布,2 11 1(),,n i i D X X X n σ===∑
2014年专四真题听力及原文(附mp3) 2014年专四真题听力及原文(附mp3) Part I DICTATION (15MIN) Listen to the following passage.Altogether the passage will beread to you four times.Duri ng the first reading,which will bedone at normal speed,listen and try to understand them eaning.For the second and third readings,the passage will beread sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase,with intervals of15 seconds.The last reading will be done at normal s peed againand during this time you should check your work.You will then be given 2 min utes to checkthrough your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.Now,listen to the passage. PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHE (20 MIN) In sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then an swer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet. SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully a nd thenanswer the questions that follow. Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation , you willbe given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation. 1. What are they mainly talking about in the conversation? A. Transport. B. Customers. C. Relocation. D. Restaurants. 2. Which of the following is mentioned by Tim as a good reason for moving? A. More office space. B. Convenient parking. C. Fewer office workers. D. A near-by train station. 3. Why is Jane worried about winter in the new location? A. It is much colder there. B. There are few activities. C. There are no good restaurants. D. There is no cinema or theatre. Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，youwill be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation． 4. Miss Parkinson became interested in her own business _______. A. before she worked for the media company B. when she was on holiday five years ago
2014年一级建造师考试《水利水电工程管理与实务》真题 一、单项选择题（共20题，每题1分。每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意） 1.工程测量中，使经纬仪水准管气泡居中的操作步骤是（）。 A.对中 B.照准 C.调焦 D.整平 2.某水闸工程建筑物级别为1级，场地基本烈度为6度，其抗震设防类别应为（）。 A.甲 B.乙 C.丙 D.丁 3.下图所示的钢筋应力—应变曲线中，X表示（）。 A.屈服强度 B.设计强度 C.极限强度 D.条件屈服强度 4.VeBe仪用于测定碾压混凝土的（）。 A.稠度 B.干密度 C.压实度 D.湿密度 5.围堰水平位移监测宜采用（）。 A.交会法 B.视准线法 C.水准观测法 D. 光电测距三角高程法 6.某堤防工程保护对象的防洪标准为50年一遇，该堤防工程的级别为（）。 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 7.混凝土面板堆石坝中面板的主要功能是（）. A.抗压 B.抗冲 C.抗拉 D.抗渗 8.由于基坑降水中断，黏性土地基发生土体隆起的形式属于（）。 A.流土 B.管涌 C.接触冲刷 D.接触流失 9.对于成桩直径为0.6m的高压喷射灌浆，施工方法宜采用（）。 A.单管法 B.二管法 C.三管法 D.新三管法 10.下列河道截流方法中，须在龙口建浮桥或栈桥的是（）。 A.平堵法 B.立堵法 C.浮运结构截流 D.水力充填法
11.根据《关于加强关于水力工程建设项目开工管理工作的通知》（水建管[2006]144号），某水利工程属中央项目，总投资为2亿元，其开工审批应由（）负责。 A.国家发展和改革委 B.水利部 C.流域机构 D.项目所在地省级水行政主管部门 12.根据《水闸安全鉴定管理办法》（水建管[2008]214号），某水闸工程鉴定结论为：运用指标达不到设计标准，工程存在严重损坏，经除险加固后，才能到到正常运行。该水闸安全类别应为（）类闸。 A.一 B.二 C.三 D.四 13.根据《水利建设工程安全创建管理暂行办法》（水精[2012]1号），下列工作中，不属于文明工地创建评审范畴的是（）。 A.质量管理 B.进度管理 C.安全管理 D.综合管理 14.根据《水利安全生产标准化评审管理暂行办法》，某施工企业安全生产标准化评审得分为85分，且各一级评审项目得分不低于应得分的70%，该企业安全生产标准化等级为（）。 A.一级 B.二级 C.三级 D.四级 15.根据《水电建设工程质量管理暂行办法》（电水农[1997]220号），水电工程重大质量事故由（）负责组织专家组进行调查。 A.项目法人 B.监理单位 C.质监总站 D.项目审批单位 16.根据《水利工程建设项目档案管理规定》（水办[2005]480号），“竣工图确认章”应由（）加盖。 A.建设单位 B.施工单位 C.监理单位 D.档案管理部门 17.根据《水电工程验收管理办法》（国能新能[2011]263号），水电工程截流验收由项目法人会同（）等单位共同组织进行。 A.项目审批部门 B.工程所在省能源局 C.质监总站 D.电网经营管理单位 18.下列水利水电工程注册建造师施工管理签章文件中，不属于成本费用管理文件的是（）。 A.工程预付款申请表 B.工程价款月支付申请表 C.完工付款申请表 D.索赔通知单 19.根据《水利工程建设项目施工监理规范》（SL288—2003），总监理工程师的下列职责中，可授权给副总监理工程师的是（）。 A.审批监理实施细则 B.签发各类付款证书 C.签发监理月报 D.调整监理人员 20.根据《大中型水利水电工程建设征地补偿和移民安置条例》（国务院令第471号），中型水库工程建设征收耕地，土地补偿费和安置补助费之和应为该耕地被征收前三年平均年产值的（）倍。 A.4 B.8 C.16 D.32