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北京小升初语法第二讲代词(初中英语语法代词)

北京小升初语法第二讲代词(初中英语语法代词)
北京小升初语法第二讲代词(初中英语语法代词)

单词检测

实词:名词,动词,形容词,副词,(数词,)代词句子成分:

7种

主语,谓语,宾语,补语,定语,状语,同位语*基本成分修饰成分

主语:动作或者状态的主体。

He plays basketball. 代词

Mary plays basketball. 名词

谓语:表动作或状态。

He plays basketball. 动词

1.简单谓语

动词:实意动词,

助动词,联系动词,情态动词(和动词或表语做复合谓语)

she don’t come.

she is a student.

she must come.

2.复合谓语(1)系表结构she is a student.

she is a student. 名词

she is pretty. 形容词

It’s me. 代词

(1)助动词/情态动词+do

句型1:主谓She came.

句型2:主系表She is pretty.

宾语:表动作或状态的承受着。

He plays basketball. 名词

I hate her.代词

句型3:主+谓+宾He plays basketball.

定语:修饰名词的,表示...的。

she is a hardworking student. 定语

状语:修饰动词,形容词和它本身的,表示...地

He runs quickly.

He is really handsome.

代词

知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!

一、代词的分类英语中常把代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、不定

代词和相互代词。

二、代词的用法

1.人称代词:人称代词是指人的代词,有性、数、格的区别。表示“我” “你” “他” “我们” “你们” “他们”。请完成下表:

(1)人称代词主格在句中作主语。例如:She is my English teacher.

(2)宾格在句中作宾语。例如:They don’t want me to go there alone.

Don’t worry. I can look after her.

(3)宾格还可以作表语。特别是在口语中。例如:--- Who’s that? --- It’s me.

注意:①人称代词we, you, they 可以用来表示一般人。例如:

You cannot go into the hall with slippers. 不准穿拖鞋进入大厅。

②人称代词she可以用指代祖国、大地、月亮、轮船等。例如:

The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston. 轮船要起航了。这时她第一次去波士顿。

We love our country, we hope she’ll be stronger and stronger. 我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她越来越强大。

③It作为人称代词时,可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等。例如:

It is about 10 kilometres from here. 离这儿大约有10公里。

④It 还可用作形式主语或形式宾语,来代替由不定式,动词的-ing形式或主语从句构成的真正的主语或宾语,以避免句子头重脚轻。例如:

It is not easy to learn English well.

It is good for you taking a walk after supper.

I found it difficult to sleep.

(1)形容词性物主代词在句中具有形容词的特征。在句中作定语,后面跟名词。例如:

To our surprise, he has passed the exam.

(2) 名词性的物主代词具有名词的特征,在句中作主语、表语、宾语。例如:

May I use your bike? Mine(=my bike) is at school. (作_主语_)

Whose glasses are these? They are hers. ( 作_表语)

My dictionary is lost. Can I use yours? (作__宾语)

(3) 名词性物主代词可以与of 连用,作定语。例如:A friend of ours are waiting for us.

(1)反身代词在句中常用宾语,主语或宾语的同位语。例如:

Her sister is too young to dress _herself_. (作宾语)

He _himself_ is always making such mistakes. (主语同位语)

You’d better ask your wife _herself. (宾语同位语)

(2)反身代词可与其他词构成固定搭配,例如:

make oneself at home, teach oneself, learn by oneself, help oneself to…,etc

指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。例如:

Those are my parents. ( 作主语)

Throw it like that. (作表语)

The toys little Tom likes are those in the basket. ( 作表语)

These pictures are drawn by an old blind man. ( 作定语)

注意:(1)前面刚刚提到过的东西,常用that, those表示。例如:

I’m sorry to hear that.

( 2 )下文将要提到的事情,可用these, this表示。例如:

Tell the children to do like this: knock the stick into the earth first, then tie the tree to it.

5.疑问代词:用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。常用的有:who, what, which, whose, whom,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语、表语。

作主语:What make you so happy?

作宾语:Who / Whom is your manager talking with?

在口语中,作宾语时who和whom可以通用,但在介词后面只能用whom.

About whom they are talking just now?

作定语:Which subject do you like best?

作表语:What’s your mother?

6.相互代词:用于表示相互关系的代词。常用的有:each other, one another.例如:

We should help each other.

The villagers have looked after one another these year.

相互代词后可以加’s,表示所有关系。例如:

We put the presents in each other’s stocking.

7. 不定代词:不定代词没有确定的对象,常用的有:all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many,much, other, another, some any, no以及由some, no, any, every 构成的复合词。

many, few, a few修饰可数名词,much, little, a little修饰不可数名词。both, either, neither, each用于指两者,all,

either..or 两者之一都

neither...nor 两者之一都不

both... and... 两者都

16个复合不定代词,everything,anything,something,nothing...

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1.This isn’t ______ pencil case. I left ______ at home.

A. my, mine

B. me, my

C. I, my

D. my, myself

2.The English novel is quite easy for you. There are ______ new words in it.

A. a little

B. little

C. a few

D. few

3.------ Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?

------ ______ OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.

A. Either

B. Neither

C. Both

D. None

4.The population of China is much large than ______

A. this

B. those

C.it

D. that

5 . ------ When shall we meet again?

------ Make it ______day you like. It’s all the same to me.

A. one

B. any

C. another

D. all

6. He said ______ at the meeting and just sat there silently.

A. something

B. anything

C. nothing

D. everything

7. ------ Do you know the lady ______ is interviewing our headmaster?

------ Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.

A. which

B. who

C. whom

D. whose

练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!

一、用适当的代词填空

1. Help yourselves to some ice cream, girls.

2. He came up with an idea at last, the idea of his was very good.

3. Hurry, up, there’s no time left.

4. There is hardly anything in the basket, it’s empty. not any=no

5. Lili and Coco don’t know each other’s address. Lili has never been to Coco’s home and Coco has never been to Lily’s home, either.

5.He is such a kind friend that all of us like him.

so+adj.+that...

such+n.+that..

7. He have two English novels, but he has read neither of them.

8. I don’t like the color of this jacket. Could you show me another one?

9. You may take either of them, for they’re both good.

10. Don’t worry. Everything goes well here.

二、选择最佳答案填空:

1. These two books are very interesting. You can choose _________ of them.

A. both

B. each

C. either

D. any

2. He had ________milk but_________ bread for breakfast.

A. many; few

B. much; little

C. few; much

D. little; many

3. Is there ________you want to say?

A. something else

B. anything else

C. else anything

D. else something something interesting 复合不定代词+形容词

4. A: _________ are you going to visit?

B: I am going to visit the Palace Museum.

A. Where

B. What

C. Why

D. When

5. One should keep ________ promise.

A. one’s own

B. every

C. himself

D. herself

三、完成句子

1.There’s two apples here, you can take either.(任意一个).

2.Lisa has two daughters. Neither (没有一个喜欢)traveling.

3.All (所有的)girls like singing.

4.To say is one thing (一回事), to do is another thing (另一回事).

5.They keep one white cat and two black ones. (两只黑的).

6.He has much (许多) money, but he has no (没有) friends.

7.Can she speak French? A little (只会一点).

8.Few of them (他们中很少有人) can talk in Chinese.

9.Nobody(没人) has been reached farther than the moon.

10.We looked at each other (相互) in great surprise.

一、阅读理解

(A)

Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van(住房汽车)

A small car can hold four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded. A van hold seven persons easily, so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all travel together.

Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. Their sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases when they travel.

Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes.

1. From the passage, a van is also called ____________.

A. a motor car

B. a motor home

C. a motorbike

D. a big truck

2. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they__________.

A. sold their old house

B. moved to their grandparents’ house

C. built a new place for a van

D. sold their second car

3. A motor home is usually owned by a family with__________.

A. a baby

B. much money

C. more than two children

D. interest in vans

4. Americans usually use motor homer____________.

A. to travel with all the family members of holiday

B. to do some shopping with all the family members

C. to visit their grandparents at weekends

D. to drive their children to school every day

5. Motor homes have become popular because___________.

A. they can take people to another city when people are free

B. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays

C. some people think motor homes are cheap

D. big families can put more things in motor homes

(B)

On Nov.18th, 1908, three men went up in a balloon. They started early in London. The headman was Augusta Gurdon, and the other two men were Tanner and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.

Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to change its weight. It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.

After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 meters, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand; but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.

At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 meters! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometers from London!

6. Three men flew in balloon ________.

A. for nearly 1,800 kilometers

B. to another city

C. to visit Poland

D. nearly a century ago

7. The metal box was used for ________.

A. carrying the bags of sand

B. keeping drinking-water

C. carrying ropes of the basket

D. changing weight

8. When the balloon went up higher, ________.

A. the temperature of the balloon began to fall

B. They saw the sun go down

C. They made a hole in the basket with their knives

D. They could see a black hole on the ground

9. The balloon landed ________.

A. in London

B. on the sea

C. on a lake

D. in a foreign country

10. Which of the following is NOT true?________

A. The three men started their journey before the sun rose.

B. The balloon began to go up when they threw bags of sand out of the basket.

C. When they pulled the box into the basket, the balloon began to climb up.

D. The three men had to land because they felt cold.

二、根据句义及首字母提示写出单词

1. The movie is very boring, so I feel sleepy.

2. In summer, the days get longer.

3. The ice isn't tough enough for us to skate on.

4. They went home twice a month.

5. He is a good boy. He's always telling us the truth.

6. I'm coming. Please wait for a minute.

7. It is very noisy. I can’t hear you.

8. .--- I can't come with you. --- What a pity!

9. People play basketball all over the world.

10. If you have difficulty, you can ask for help from the teacher.

三、句型转换

1. I like Tom because he is very friendly.(对划线部分提问)Why do not like Tom?

2. The computer is expensive .(同义句)

What an expensive computer it is !

How expensive the computer is !

3. There is a little orange juice in the bottle .

How much orange juice is there in the bottle ?

4. We have learned English for six years .(对划线部分进行提问) How long have you learned English ?

四、翻译句子

1. 谢谢你邀请了我。

Thanks for inviting me.

2. 我认为她跳得不如你高。

I don’t think she jumps as high as you.

3. 你想成为一名农民吗?

Do you want to be a famer?

4. 上周末,我和我的同班同学去购物。

Last weekend, I went shopping with my classmates.

5 去年我和家人去了北京。我们玩得很开心。

Last year. I went to Beijing with my family.We had a good time.

(小升初)代词专项练习含答案

(小升初)代词专项练习(1)按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)________ 2、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 3、us(主格)________ 4、they(宾格)________ 5、she(宾格)________ 6、you(名词性物主代词)________ 7、it(宾格)________ 8、him(复数)________ 9、her(形容词性物主代词)________ 10、my(复数)________ 11、they(名词性物主代词)________ 12、we(单数)________ (2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)? (3)用所给代词的正确形式填空。 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. (4)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊?是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。 11. This is _____ father. 这是我的爸爸。 12. Is that bike ______? Yes, it’s ______. 那辆自行车是你的吗?是,它是我的。 13. _____ like ______ car. 我喜欢他们的小汽车。 14. Our school is here, and ______ is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿. 15. Whose bike is this? It’s ______ (= _____ ______). 这是谁的自行车?是她的。 16. Is that car ______? Yes, it’s ______. 那辆车是你的吗?是的,它是我的。

小升初英语代词必考知识点完整版

小升初英语代词必考知 识点 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】

专题二代词 人称代词宾格:动词和介词后② 形容词性物主代词:后接名词,空后面有名词时用形物 名词性物主代词:后不接名词,空后面无名词时用名物 反身代词:某人做某事by+反身代词 eg. He finished the work by himself. ①主语位置:句首He is Tom. Be动词后 am,is,are Are you Tom? 情态动词后 can,may Can he draw 助动词后 do,does,did Does he have a cat? ②常见介词:for,with,to,of 2.指示代词 与与is,可数名词单数,不可数 名词连用 与are,可数名词复数连用 与名词单数连用的词有:it, is, a, an, this, that 与名词复数连用的词有:they, are, some, 大于1的数字(two, three, four ...), these, those, many, a lot of= lots of (许多) 3. 疑问代词 1). What 什么对物、动作提问 It is a cat. What is it?

He is singing a song. What is he doing? 2). Who 谁对人提问 Lily likes dancing. Who likes dancing? 3). How 怎么样对身体状况、交通方式提问 I’m fine. How are you 表身体状况常见的词有:fine(好),well(好),ill(生病的) They go to school by bus. How do they go to school? 4). whose 谁的对…的提问(常见的有物主代词和名词所有格) My pen is red. Whose pen is red? This red pen is mine. Whose is this red pen? Lily’s pen is on the bed. Whose pen is on the bed? 5). where 哪里对地点提问 His pen is on the bed. Where is his pen? They are flying kites on the playground. Where are they flying kites? 6). which 哪一个选择性 Which pen do you like, the red one or the black one 你想要那只笔,红的还是黑的 (要从红笔和黑笔中选择一样) 7). why 为什么对原因提问 I like summer because I can swim. Why do you like summer? 8). when 什么时间对时间提问 He does his homework in the evening. When does he do his homework? 9). what time 什么时间对点钟提问 The English lesson is at 8:00. What time is the English lesson? 10). how often 多久一次对频率提问 I brush my teeth once a day. 我一天刷一次牙。 How often do you brush your teeth? 表频率常见的词有:once a week 一周一次 twice a month 一个月两次 three times a year 一年三次 11). how many 多少,对数量提问后接可数名词复数 He has five books. How many books does he have?

(完整)小升初英语人称代词专项练习.doc

1 9 月 17 日英语晚辅 个性化目标: 1. 人称代词以及名词所有格 称代词表格 人称代词物主代词 形容性名词性人称主格宾格 物主代词物主代词 第一 我 人称 第二 单你 人称 数 他 第三 她 人称 它 第一 我们 人称 第二 复 你们 人称 数 他们 第三 /她们/ 人称 它们 一.根据汉语提示填空(汉语只是个提示,不要照搬翻译) 1. _______( 她)is a student. _______( 她 )sister is a student too. 2.________( 我)want_______( 你) to do it today.

2 3.________( 他)brother is a worker( 工人 ).________are twins( 他们 ). 4.________( 你们 )are English. ________( 我们 )are Chinese. 5.All of( 所有 )________( 我们 )love______( 我们 )teacher. 6.This is______( 我 )book. That is_______( 你 ). 7.These pens are_______(他们 ).______( 你们 )are over there(在那边 ). 8.Can_____(你 )read it for_______( 我们 ). 三.根据句意用适当人称代词、物主代词填空 1.Mary works in a bookstore( 书店 ). ______likes_____work very mnch. 2.Jone and I are in the same(相同的 ) school.______go to school together( 一起 ). 3.She is a friend of_______. We got to know each other( 彼此、互相 ) two years ago. 4.Her sister makes all______own( 自己的 ) dresses. 5.I have many friends. ______are all good at( 擅长于 ) English. 6.----May I use( 使用 )_______bike ? 7.----_______is broken( 故障、坏的 ). 四.根据汉语意思补全句子 1.This is_______father.这是我的爸爸。 2.Is that bike _______? Yes,it’ s那辆自行车.是你的吗?是,它是我的。 3.______like_______car.我喜欢他们的小汽车。 4.Our school is here, and_______is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在哪儿。 5.Whose bike is this ?It’ s______(=It’这s是谁的自行).车?是她的吗? 6.Is that car_______? Yes,it’ s那辆.车是你的吗?是的,它是我的 五.选择

小升初英语讲解代词:人称代词

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