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欧洲文化入门(阅读)欧洲第三次作业—近代早期
(100分)
1．第 1 题 The reasons for Henry’s reform in England were mainly ________. A.religious B.personal C.political D.both B and C您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.02．第 2 题 Three of the following statements are true with the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Which one is the exception? A.It was in nature a reaction to Protestantism. B.It was the result of Catholic self-criticism. C.It resulted from the Protestant Reformation. D.It resulted from a Church-wide call for reform.您的答案：B 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.03．第 3 题 Three of the following statements are true with the Elizabethan Compromise. Which one is the exception? A.The Church of England again rejected the authority of the pope. B.The Church of England began to compromise with the Papacy. C.Elizabeth again condemned Catholic teachings and practices. D.Elizabeth,as a protestant, also forbade extreme Protestantism.您的答案：B 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.04．第 14 题 The most immediate effect of the Reformation was ___________________.
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A.the increase in the power of princes and kings
B.the more and more secularized western Europe
C.the outburst of fighting among religious groups
D.the more emphasis on the value of the individual您的答案：C 题目分数：4.0 此题得分：4.05．第 15 题Which is not the similarity shared by Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and Boccaccio’s Decameron? A.a collection of stories B.satirical and humorous language C.vivid characterization
D.religious themes您的答案：D 题目分数：4.0 此题得分：4.06．第
16 题 Which description of the Age of Renaissance is correct?
A.The Renaissance happened right after the Late Middle Ages in time.
B.The Renaissance reached a peak at the end of the sixteenth century.
C.The Renaissance began as a literary movement.
D.The Renaissance was opposed to humanism.您的答案：C 题目分数：4.0 此题得分：4.07．第 17 题 Compared with Italian Renaissance, Northern Renaissance had the following distinctive features except for ______. A.strong national flavor B.great religious concern C.influence of classicism D.belief in Christian humanism您的答案：C 题目分数：4.0
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 此题得分：4.08．第 18 题 Which of the following facts is NOT true with the situation in the Church of Rome before the Reformation? A.The sale of Church offices to wealthy families.
B.The sale of indulgences to individual believers.
C.Some clegymen held several positions at the same time.
D.Clergymen must meet strict moral and educational standards.您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.09．第 19 题 Three of the following statements are true with the early experience of Luther. Which one is the exception? A.Luther lived up to his father and became a priest. B.Luther had a horrible experience in a thunderstorm.
C.He tried his best to get rid of his sin to satisfy God.
D.He damaged his health by eating and sleeping less.您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.010．第 20 题 The Italian Renaissance scholars did all the following things except for ____.
A.reviving many classical texts forgotten or lost for a long time.
B.spreading the knowledge beyond the small circle of scholars.
C.refusing to accept religious teaching or read religious works.
D.paying more attention to man’s world and life
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on earth.您的答案：C 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.011．第 21 题Which of the following Renaissance writers was not known for his sonnets? A.Dante B.Petrarch C.Edmund Spencer D.William Shakespeare您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.012．第 22 题 Which one is not a period of Italian Renaissance Art? A.Early Renaissance B.Middle Renaissance C.High Renaissance https://www.doczj.com/doc/9a15977222.html,te Renaissance您的答案：B 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.013．第 23 题 Who did not belong to the Florentine School of the Early Renaissance art? A.Brunelleschi B.Donatello C.Masaccio D.Raphael您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.014．第 24 题Which is the key feature of the Mannerism of the Late Renaissance art? A.the invention of new artistic techniques
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ B.the imitation of Greek and Roman styles C.the representation of idealized human figures D.the use of intense colors, strange themes and twisted figures.您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.015．第 25 题 Which one is not the main characteristic of Shakespeare as a Renaissance man? A.His interest in classical culture B.His belief in humanism C.His support of individualism D.His consciousness of national identity您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.016．第 26 题 Who was regarded as the “father of oil painting”? A.Masaccio B.Botticelli C.Albrecht D 黵 er D.Jan van Eyck您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.017．第27 题Who was not a believer in the heliocentric theory? A.Nicolas Copernicus B.Johannes Kepler
C.Galileo
D.Francis Bacon您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：
1.018．第 28 题 Luther called on the German princes to reject the
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foreign pope’s authority and establish a reformed German church in _____________. A.The Liberty of the Christian Man B.Address to the Nobility of the German Nation C.The Babylonian Captivity of the Church D.the Ninety-Five Theses您的答案：B 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.019．第 29 题 Luther further explained his doctrine of faith and justification in ______________. A.The Liberty of the Christian Man B.Address to the Nobility of the German Nation C.The Babylonian Captivity of the Church D.the Ninety-Five Theses您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.020．第30 题 The successful spread of Lutheranism in the Holy Roman Empire is due to three of the following facts. Which one is the exception? A.The unstable political situation in the Holy Roman Empire. B.Public discontent caused by high papal taxes on Germans. C.Extreme anger in Germany against the power of the pope. D.Luther' s intention to extend his doctrine of social equality.您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.021．第31 题 Three of the following statements are true with Henry VIII. Which one is the exception? A.He married his brother’s widow against Roman Catholic rules.
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ B.He married his brother’s widow with the Pope' s authorization. C.He was eager to divorce the queen to end the poor marriage. D.He was eager to have a new marriage to bring him a male heir.您的答案：C 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.022．第32 题 Three of the following statements are true with England after the death of Henry VIII. Which one is the exception? A.The council of regents to rule England was dominated by reformers.
B.Edward VI was enthusiastic about reform as Henry VIII had been.
C.Edward VI was raised by Protestants rich with Renaissance ideas.
D.Mary succeeded Edward VI and began to restore the Catholic faith.您的答案：B 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.023．第33 题 Three of the following statements are true with the Council of Trent. Which one is the exception? A.It was first a religious meeting called to win back the Protestants. B.It condemned the scandals arising from the sale of indulgences.
C.It insisted on Catholic tradition as the mere source of authority.
D.It marks the beginning of the history of modern Catholic Church.您的答案：C 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.024．第34 题
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欧洲文化入门参考资料 这是一本中国大学生了解欧洲文化的英语教科书，为了教学需要而编写的。学习英语的中国大学生在阅读英文书刊和同英语国家人士的交往中，往往感到由于缺乏欧洲文化知识而增加了许多困难。英语中有数不清的典故、名言、成语、人名、地名等等来自古希腊罗马的哲学、文学、历史著作，希伯莱的圣经，文艺复兴时期的艺术创作或者牵涉到各时期思想、科技、政治、社会方面的重要事件和人物。如果对这些所知无多，读书未必全懂，对谈也难顺利。而一旦对这些有了较多知识，则不仅了解程度会提高，而且由于通过文化来学习语言，语言也会学得更好。 《欧洲文化入门》教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 1、课程英文名称：European Culture: An Introduction 2、课程类别：专业限选课程 3、课程学时：32学时 4、学分：2 5、先修课程：《高级英语》、《英国文学选读》、《美国文学选读》 6、适用专业：英语 7、大纲执笔：英语专业教研室 8、大纲审批：外语系学术委员会 9、制定(修订)时间：2005 二、课程的目的与任务： 本课程为专业选修课程，旨在通过该课程的学习，学生比较系统地学习有关欧洲文化的基本知识，以提高学生的文化知识和文化修养，并为以后开专业课提供大量重要的背景文化知识，从而更好地了解和学习英语，提高文学欣赏水平。 三、课程的基本要求： 本教学大纲对象是高等院校英语专业高年级学生，全部用英语授课。 了解欧洲文化对英语发展的影响和欧洲文化发展的脉络； 了解来自古希腊罗马的哲学、文学、历史著作，希伯莱的圣经，文艺复兴时期的艺术创作的典故、名言、成语、人名、地名等； 了解欧洲各时期思想、科技、政治、社会方面的重要事件和人物； 将欧洲文化与同时期的中国文化进行比较； 学生应准备一些工具书、参考书、选本、译本。 四、教学内容、要求及学时分配： 希腊、罗马文化 基督教及其《圣经》 中世纪 文艺复兴与宗教改革 十七世纪 启蒙运动 浪漫主义 马克思主义与达尔文学说 现实主义 现代主义及其它 五、考试考核办法：笔试 六、教材及参考书：
四川大学外国语学院638 基础英语、918 英语专业综合知识考研全套资料真题答案辅导笔记模拟卷 2015年弘毅考研川大分部研究生团队已达50多人，涵盖经济、法学、文学、新传、外国语、艺术、历史、旅游、数学、化学、生物、电子、材料、机械、电气、计算机、环境、水土、水利、化工、发酵、行管、教经、社保、商院、体育、马克思、护理、口腔、公卫、预防、药学等30多个院系专业，是目前专业课考研最权威的专业团队，以“弘毅川大考研论坛”为基石，各个专业的学长学姐给您答疑解惑。为您全程护航。 2015年四川大学考研的成功与否，不仅仅取决于自己是否足够努力，更多在于自己能否拿到真正有价值的川大专业课备考复习资料和获得内部考研信息，这将极大地决定着自己一年的辛苦努力是否能划上圆满的句号。 鉴于此，弘毅考研根据自己多年考研专业课成功辅导经验，联合川大高分研究生团队，同时和高分研究生团队一起将最有价值的考研复习资料通过科学的排版，荣誉推出了2015版《弘毅胜卷系列——完备复习指南、历年真题解析、高分辅导讲义、最后三套模拟卷》专业精品复习资料，该辅导系统从根本上解决了广大考研学子考研专业课信息不对称、考研专业课复习难度大等问题，三年来倍受好评，每年考取我校的大部分同学来自我们川大考研论坛的全程辅导，“弘毅胜卷”也成为每一个报考四川大学外国语学院英语语言文学专业的考生人手一册、不可或缺的考研专业课复习备考资料。 《弘毅胜卷》的特点： 1.“全”：本资料把参考书可能考到的知识点都全部列出，并做了详细的讲解，并对历年真题进行透彻的解析； 2.“简”：为不增加考生负担，对考点的讲解，尽量做到精简，除去了教材繁琐臃肿的语言，直击要害； 3.“具实用性”：各高校考题的重复率非常高。针对此规律，本资料将专业涉及到的真题举例附在每个考点后面，方便大家查阅。 4.“具时效性”：本资料会根据最新的招生简章和目录、最新的参考书目和考试大纲对资料进行及时调整、更新，让弘毅胜卷臻于完善！ 提醒：为保证产品质量，我们在反盗版技术上投入了很大人力物力，首先在阅读体验上远远超越盗版资料（加了水印和红白页，复印基本看不清楚），同时弘毅考研每年均根据当年最新考试要求进行改版升级并提供超值的售后服务，并将后续重要资料分期发送，盗版将丢失这些重要资料，请考生务必谨慎辨别，不要为了省一点小钱购买其他机构或个人销售的盗版材料而耽误备考，甚至影响前途的大事情。同时也请大家支持正版，你们一如既往的支持，是我们一直大力度的投入开发的动力。
作业 1．第1题 Which one of the following statements about the Great Famine is NOT true? A.It was the worst famine in European history. B.It lasted for seven hard years. C.In cities alone, there was shortage of food supplies. D.By the time it ended, the Great Famine had wiped out 10 percent to 15 percent of the entire European population. 您的答案：C 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 2．第2题 Which of the following statements about Joan of Arc is NOT true? A.She was born in a well-to-do peasant family. B.She grew up with a strong religious belief. C.Charles refused her to accompany the army. D.She was burned at stake. 您的答案：C 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 3．第3题 For some Muslims, Qur’an should not be translated because_____. A.it is impious to translate the very words of Allah. B.it is too difficult to translate the rhymed prose of Qur’an. C.the original meaning of Qur’an would be distorted. D.the beauty of Arabic language would be violated. 您的答案：C 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 4．第4题 Which one is not the factor that led to the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire after Charlemagne’s death? A.the regional and ethnic diversity B.the conflicts between different successors to the throne
1．第1题 The poetic creation of _____ glorifies Rome’s conquests and achievements. A.Virgil (70-19 B. C.) B.Horace (65-8 B. C.) C.Ovid (43 B.C.-17 A. D.) D.Juvenal (55-130 A.D.) 您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 2．第2题 Jesus lived in the __. A.early 1st century https://www.doczj.com/doc/9a15977222.html,te 1st century C.early 2nd century https://www.doczj.com/doc/9a15977222.html,te 2nd century 您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 3．第3题 _____ is the longest river in the world. A.The Tigris B.The Amazon C.The Mississippi D.The Nile 您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 4．第4题 Of the following orders of columns, which one is more formal and dignified and mainly used in mainland Greece? A.Doric B.Ionic C.Corinthian https://www.doczj.com/doc/9a15977222.html,posite 您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0
5．第5题 Starting from the reign of which Roman emperor such jobs as bakery and military service became hereditary? A.Octavian B.Diocletian C.Constantine D.Theodosius 您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：0.0 6．第6题 Christianity originated from__. A.Turkey B.Palestine C.North Africa D.the Western Europe 您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：0.0 7．第7题 Which one of the following statements about the Code of Hammurabi was NOT true? A.The Code helped Hammurabi consolidate his rule in the Mesopotamia. B.The Code was based on the principle of retaliation. C.Everyone received equal punishment for the same crime committed. D.The Code was written in the Akhadian language. 您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：0.0 8．第8题 That Aeneid, the legendary founder of the city of Rome, was the prince of _____ suggests a certain link between the Roman civilization and ancient Near East.
2014年10月北京自考欧洲文化入门模拟试题和答案100017 一、Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one which best completes the statement or answers the question by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points，2 points each) 第1题 In the second half of the 4th century B.C.， all Greece was brought under the rule of___________ ，King of Macedon. A. Homer B. Sophocles C. Alexander D. Alfred 【正确答案】 C 【你的答案】 本题分数2分 第2题 In ancient Greece，plays were performed in_____________. A. theatres B. open-air sports ground C. private houses D. open-air theatres 【正确答案】 D 【你的答案】 本题分数2分 第3题 The first emperor of the Roman Empire was________________. A. Constantine B. Julius Caesar C. Octavius D. Augustus 【正确答案】 D 【你的答案】 本题分数2分 第4题 The ancestors of the Jews are called Hebrews which mean______________. A. wanderers B. travelers
西方文化入门（2010） 一、课程名称：西方文化入门 二、学时与学分：36 学时，2 学分 三、适用专业：英语专业本科、 四、课程教材：自编教材 五、参考教材：Duncan Sidwell著，《欧洲文化概况》，外语教学与研究出版社，2008年 12月第一版 王佐良，李品伟等主编，《欧洲文化入门》，外语教学与研究出版社，1992 年9月第二版 六、开课单位：外语学院 七、课程的目的、性质和任务: 西方文化入门是英语专业的一门文化课，目的是使学生了解西方文化的历史发展和文学，文化传统，促进学生对西方文化内涵的兴趣，提高对文化差异的敏感性和宽容性，培养学生跨文化的交际能力。 八、课程的基本要求： 了解西方文化发展的历史脉络，如，作为西方文明源头的希腊罗马文明，基督教的兴起与传播，欧洲中世纪文明，文艺复兴，宗教改革，理性主义的勃发，工业革命和现代欧洲，殖民主义与帝国主义，等；了解西方文化中的一些关键概念，如，希腊城邦，罗马帝国，上帝和子民，人文主义，民主与自由，人权，平等与博爱，科学和技术，工业革命，殖民主义，帝国主义，等；从欧洲的角度了解文学在古代，中世纪，近代和现代的发展，学习希腊文学，罗马文学，文艺复兴时期意大利、英国、西班牙等国经典文学片断，了解欧洲古代，中世纪，文艺复兴，启蒙时期，浪漫主义和现实主义时期文学的特点和精神实质；旨在使学生对西方历史，文化的发展脉络有较为清晰的了解和把握。 九、课程的主要内容： 介绍西方文化的源头古希腊古、罗马的文明，重点为雅典的民主制，希腊史诗与悲剧，希腊建筑艺术，罗马帝国及其影响，罗马文学；《圣经》简介，上帝与子民，中世纪教会组织，人文主义文学，宗教改革，启蒙时代的精神，平等，自由与博爱，欧洲浪漫主义文学，英国工业革命，马克思主义与达尔文主义的兴起与传播，等。 十、说明： 西方文化内容多，涉及面广；由于课时原因，本课程将不涉及一次世界大战以后西方文明的发展，也不涉及美国文明的发展。本课程教材，参考教材均为英文；讲授中英文并用；讲授方式以讲座为主。 十一、考核方式： 课后作业，期末考试。
《欧洲文化入门》知识点笔记 1、There are many elements constituting(组成) European Culture. 2、There are two major elements：Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element. 3、The richness(丰富性) of European Culture was created by Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element. 第一章 1、The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta. 2、The economy of Athens rested on(依赖) an immense(无限的)amount of slave labour. 3、Olympus mount，Revived in 1896(当代奥运会) 4、Ancient Greece(古希腊)‘s epics was created by Homer. 5、The events of Homer‘s own time. (错) (They are not about events of Homer‘s own time，probably in the period 1200-1100 B.C.) 6、The Homer‘s epics consisted of Iliad and Odyssey. 7、Agamemnon，Hector，Achilles are in Iliad. 8、Odysseus and Penelope are in Odyssey. 9、Odyssey(对其作品产生影响)—→James Joyoe‘s Ulysses(描述一天的生活)。In the 20th century. 10、Drama in Ancient Greece was floured in the 5th century B.C. 11、三大悲剧大师①Aeschylus 《Prometheus Bound》—→模仿式作品Shelly《Prometheus Unbound》 ②Sophocles(之首) 《Oedipus the King》—→Freud‘s “the Oedipus complex”(恋母情结) —→David Herbert Lawrence’s《Sons and lovers》(劳伦斯)447页 ③Euripides A.《Trojan Women》 B. He is the first writer of “problem plays”(社会问题剧) 在肖伯纳手中达到高潮，属于存在主义戏剧的人物 C. Elizabeth Browning called him “Euripides human”(一个纯粹的人) D. Realism can be traced back (追溯到) to the Ancient Greece. To be specific(具体来说)，Euripides. 12、The only representative of Greek comedy is Aristophanes. 18页 Aristophanes writes about nature. —→浪漫主义湖畔派(The lakers )华兹华兹 13、History (Historical writing)史学创作新古典主义代表作家《格列夫游
欧洲文化入门 《欧洲文化入门》由于其内容庞杂，琐碎，因而是一门学习起来比较困难的课程。其实大家大可不必担心，只要我们潜下心去，找出里面的规律和线索，这门课并不难攻克。我们要牢记文化的五分法：一、社会历史(包括政治、经济、宗教、历史) 二、哲学三、文学四、科学五、艺术(包括绘画、雕塑、建筑和音乐)，以记忆每个时代的各要点为主，理解纵向的变迁为辅，后者主要的作用时帮助我们更好的记住前者。 《欧洲文化入门》的考试大致包括以下几种题型：四选一，填空，判断，简答题，名词解释，论述题。 选择题：这种题型可考查考生的记忆、理解、判断、推理分析，综合比较，鉴别评价等多种能力，评分客观，故常被应用。在答题时，如果能瞬时准确地把正确答案找出来最好，假如没有把握，就应采用排除法，即应从排除最明显的错误开始，把接近正确答案的备选项留下，再分析比较强以逐一否定最终选定正确答案。 填空题：这种题型常用于考核考生准确记忆的“再现”能力，在答题时，无论有几个空，回答都应明确、肯定，不能含糊其辞，填空题看似容易实则难，最好的应对办法是对英语语言知识中最基本的知识、概念、原理等要牢记。 名词解释：这种题型一般针对英语专业自考本科段课程中的基本概念、专业名词进行命题，主要考核考生的识记、理解能力。在答题时，答案要简明、概括、准确，如分值较大，可简要扩展。 简答题：这种题型一般围绕基本概论、原理及其联系进行命题，着重考核考生对概念、史实、原理的掌握、辨别和理解能力。在答题时，既不能像名词解释那样简单，也不能像论述题那样长篇大论，答案要有层次性，列出要点，并加以简要扩展就可以。 论述题：这种题型一般从试卷编制的全局出发，能从体现考试大纲中的重点内容和基本问题的角度来命题，着重考核考生分析、解决实际问题的能力，考核
欧洲文化入门各章练习及答案 第一章 填空题： 1. The richness of European Culture was created by ________element and _________element. Greco-Roman Judeo-Christian 2. The Homer’s epics consisted of_________. Iliad and Odyssey 3. ________ is the first writer of “problem plays”. Euripides 4. __________ is called “Father of History”. Herodotus 5. ________is the greatest historian that ever lived. Thucydides 6. The dividing range in the Roman history refers to ________. 27 B.C. 7. “I came, I saw, I conquered.” is a famous saying by _______. Julius Caesar 8. The representation form of Greek Democracy is __________. citizen-assembly. 判断题 1. Euclid says “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world”. (×) Archimedes 2. Herodotus’s historical writing i s on the war between Anthens and Sparta. (×) Greeks and Persians 名词解释： 1. Pax Romana 答：In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed by the Roman legions, it was known as Pax Romana 2. “Democracy” in a ncient Greece 答：1）Democracy means “exercise of power by the whole people”, but in Greece by “the whole people” the Greeks meant only the adult male citizens. 2）Women, children, foreigners and slaves were excluded from Democracy. 论述题： 1. How did the Greek Culture originate and develop? 1) Probably around 1200 B.C., a war was fought between Greece and troy. This is the war that Homer refers to in his epics. 2) Greek culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century B.C. A. The successful repulse of the Persian invasion early in the 5th century. B. The establishment of democracy. C. The flourishing of science, philosophy, literature, art and historical writing in Athens. 3)The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta. 4) In the second half of the 4th century B.C., Greece was conquered by Alexander, king of Macedon. Whenever he went
第一章希腊罗马文化 希腊罗马文化可以说是欧洲文明的起源，所以这一章节应该是比较重要的章节。我们先看希腊的发展。 希腊文明分为几个时期，她形成于公元前800－500年，经历了古典时代（也就是公元前500到公元前336年）和希腊化时代（也就是公元前336年到公元前31年）。希腊文明达到顶峰是公元前5世纪。公元前146年，希腊被罗马攻克。希腊文明也就被罗马文明所取代。 这段历史的重要大事有： 1、公元前12世纪，随着特洛伊人的入侵，希腊堕入“黑暗时代”。荷马史诗描述的正是希腊人与特洛伊人之间的战争（《以利亚特》和《奥得赛》）。这里要注意的是，荷马史诗描述的时代并非荷马生活的时代。荷马生活在公元前700年。 2、公元前6世纪，希腊世界开始有了全面改变，为后来的古典时代打开了通途。其中两个重要的城邦国家是雅典和斯巴达。雅典发展起一个完全不同类型的社会，公元前594年，梭伦成为雅典的首席执行官，他的贡献在于，在组织上为以后建立著名的雅典民主奠定了基础。雅典之所以在当时拥有卓越的地位，是因为它在打败庞大的波斯帝国这场重大战争中起了最主要的作用。历史之父希罗多德在他的历史书中进行了详尽的描述。 3、由于雅典的不断扩张引起了斯巴达的恐慌，因而在公元前431
年爆发了伯罗奔尼撒战争。战争最终以雅典的失败而告终。修昔底得这位历史上最伟大的历史学家在其作品中，详尽描写了这一战争。 4、伯罗奔尼撒战争后，斯巴达专横跋扈，底比斯和雅典为求相互保护而结成新的联盟。公元前371年，马其顿国王腓力二世打败了底比斯和雅典联军，他的闻名世界的儿子亚历山大大帝统治了希腊。至此，古典时代结束，希腊化时代即将开始。 古典时代的希腊造就了一批哲学家和剧作家。哲学家主要以苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德为代表。苏格拉底提出自由辩论的重要性。柏拉图的目标是要实现一个既能维持贵族特权，又可为贫苦阶级接受的社会，并构件了唯心主义的根基。亚力士多德寻求自然界和人类社会各个方面的秩序。剧作家有埃斯库罗斯、阿里斯托芬、索福克勒斯。这一时期希腊也造就了像阿基米德和欧几里得这样的数学家，以及像希罗多德和修昔底得这样伟大的历史学家。 希腊的艺术和建筑在神庙上得到最高体现。著名的雅典卫城的圣地帕台侬神庙就是卫雅典娜女神建造的。 接下来我们从希腊文明走向罗马文明。 希腊化时代与罗马时代前期相互交融，最终过渡到罗马时代。罗马时代经历了早期共和国（公元前509－公元前264年）、后期共和国（公元前265－公元前27年）、早期帝国（公元前27年－公元284年）和后期帝国（284－476年）。公元前500年，
课程《欧洲文化入门》考试时间 120 分钟日期年月日 姓名学号学院班级 Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questionas carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have choosen in the corresponding spcae on the answer sheet. (40 points, 2 point for each) ———— was the founder of scientific mathematics. A. Pythagoras B. Democritus C. Aristotle D. Diogenes 2. Which of the following figures was regarded as “the master of those who know”by Dante? A. Plato B. Socrates C. Aristotle D. Cicero 3. ________ was called “the greatest historian that ever lived”by Macaulay. A. Thucydides B. Herodotus C. Socrates D. Aristotle 4. The first king to unite the Hebrews was a warrior-famer name________ . A. Moses B. Joshua C. Saul D. David 5. Who issued the Edict of Milan in 313,whick granted religious freedom to all and made Christianity legal? A. Domitian B. Valerian C. Constantine D. Theodosius 6. The ancestors of the Jews are called Hebrews which mean ________ . A. wanderers B. travelers C. traders D. merchants 7. In the latter part of the fourth century the ________ swept into Europe from central Asia. A. Turkish B. Huns C. Athens D. Roman 8. Apart from being a place of worship, the ________ was a place for recreation and the center of trade and community activity. A. bridge B. church building C. village D. subway 9. For two centuries beginning from the late fifteenth century,________ was the golden city which gave birth to a whole generation of poets, scholars,artists and sculptors. A. Milan B. Florence C. Venice D. the papal states 10. which of the following figures knows “how to make beauty yield meaning and
《英语文学文化及影视赏析》课程教学大纲 一、课程说明 1、课程名称（中英文）：英语文学文化及影视赏析/English Literature and Culture & Appreciation of English movies 2、学时学分：75学时理论教学，2学分 3、适用专业：非英语专业研究生 4、开课学院：外国语学院 5、课程负责人：姜萌萌 二、课程描述： 本课程拟对英语经典文学与相关文化概况进行简要介绍，并遴选英美国家的经典作家和作品，对其文学特色、文化背景进行分析。课程重视文学作品与时代背景、西方历史文化的联系，在教学中将理论与实践相结合，做到寓教于乐。在课内，不仅有作家作品、相关文化背景和信息的介绍、经典作品片段的解读，并通过课堂讨论以及影视作品的欣赏帮助学生最直观地理解西方文化与文学作品的文本意义。在课外，学生需要查阅相关资料，完成相关问题的回答与读书报告，以一种轻松愉悦并且多方面切入的方式学习、了解和体验英语文学文化。该课程目的在于通过英语文学文化的学习，提高学生对英语语言的掌握能力、增强对英语文学经典的理解力和对西方文化的审美能力，进一步养成对英语的敏感性，培养人文素质和文学涵养。 三、教材： 王守仁主编，《英国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 陶洁主编，《美国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 秦秀白，《英美国家概况》，北京：高等教育出版社。 王佐良，《欧洲文化入门》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。 自编讲义 四、教学方式： 理论与实践相结合。 五、考核方式： 提交一篇与所学课程相关的课程论文，用英语完成。 总成绩=期末考试成绩70%+平时成绩30%（考勤占10%）
2016下半年华师在线欧洲文化入门100分作业 Which one of the following statements was NOT a factor that brought about the agricultural growth during the Central Middle Ages? A.The climate improved and the temperature was higher. B.More lands were under cultivated. C.Farming technology improved greatly. D.The food price dropped drastically. 您的答案：D 题目分数：4.0 此题得分：4.0 23．第30题 Magna Carta in 1215 in England was significant in that it __. A.really weakened the power of the church B.spoke for the common people C.really weakened the power of the king D.spoke for the nobles 您的答案：C 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 24．第31题 What were the three forms of vernacular literature for town dwellers? A.epic poetry, romance poetry and dramas B.fabliaux, fables and romance poetry C.lyric poetry, epic poetry and romance poetry D.fabliaux, fables and dramas 您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 25．第38题 Epicureanism and Stoicism are similar in the following ways except for____. A.Both were concerned with the good of the
欧洲文化入门复习题（2、3章） 一：选择（51’） 1:Hebrew---Israelite---Jew Jew---Jewish---Judaism Judaism---Christianity 2:Pentateuch(摩西五经)：Genesis(创世纪)、Exodus(出埃及记)、Leviticus(利未记)、Numbers(民数计)、Deuteronomy(申命记) 3：The fall of man: Adam and Eve、the Garden of Eden 4: Noah’s Ark 5:Moses(a famous Hebrew leader) 、Exodus、40 years、the mountainous Sinai、Ten Commandments 6:While in Babylon in the 6th century B.C., the Hebrews, now known as Jews, formed synagogues(大会堂) to practise their religion. 7:如今有多少犹太人？15 million 8:Jesus 出生地：那瑟勒死亡地：耶路撒冷郊外髑髅地·各各地 Baptism: 30 years、John baptist 9:Diocletian destroyed、Constantine and the Edict of Milan in 133、Theodosius official 10: the new testament(新约)：the birth、teaching、death（The Crucifixion耶稣被钉十字架）、resurrection of Jesus 11：现代英语两大宝库：the English Bible and Shakespeare 12:228 years 13:the Code of Chivalry：to protect the week, to fight for church, to be loyal to his lord, to respect women of noble birth. 14:half civilized Germanic tribes: Visigoths, the Franks, the Angle and Saxons, the Vandals 15:Feudalism(封建主义) the Manor(庄园) serfs(农奴) Charles Martel in 732. 16:After 1054, the Roman Catholic church and Eastern Orthodox church 17:three groups in feudalism: clergy(牧师最高) lords peasants(农民最低) 18：the crusades(十字军) 8 times 200 years By 1291, the moslems had taken over the last Christain stronghold. 19:Emperor of the Romans(神圣罗马皇帝): Charlemagne(查理曼大帝) 20:Alfred the Great(Anglo-Saxdon) contributed to medieval European culture 21:real scientific progress began in the 12th and 13th centuries. Roger bacon(a monk) is an advocate of scientific research.Opus maius, and encyclopedia（自然哲学总则） 22:National Epics: Beowulf(Anglo-saxon/英国) Song of Roland(French/法国) 荷马史诗代表作Iliad(伊利亚特）和Odysse（奥德赛） Geoffrey Chaucer(杰弗里乔叟) and the Canterbury tales(坎特伯雷故事) 23：Romanesque(罗马建筑) Gothic(哥特式建筑)：stained glass windows are the Holy Scriptures 24:哲学三杰（苏格拉底，柏拉图，亚里士多德）顺序不能打乱 二：简答（6道） 1:Two Major Elements in European Culture
第二，三章Alfred the Great（阿尔弗雷德大王）(p102) Augustine of Hippo(p97) Bible (p52) influence (p86) Beowulf（《贝奥武甫》）(p105) Charlemagne( p101) Carolingian Renaissance（加洛林复兴）( p101) code of chivalry骑士制度(p94) Deuteronomy (p52) Exodus (p52) Experimental science(p103) Feudalism（封建主义）(p92) Genesis (Adam and Eve)(Noah’s Ark) (p52) Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟（P123） The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》））（P123）Gosepels four part of the New Testament(p77) Gothic（哥特式建筑） Hebrews (p51) Jesus (p73) Kinghthood(p94) Leviticus (p52) Lyric Poety(p13) Manor(p93) Monasticism (修道院制度)(p97) National Epics民族史诗(p105) Numbers (p52)
Peter and Paul (P74) Pentateuch (p52) Pindar(ode on athletic game) (p13) Roger Bacon培根(103)占星术炼金术Romansque(p126) Sappho (p13)Lyric Poetry Song of Roland （《罗兰之歌》）（P111） St. Jerome(p97) St. Benedict(p97) St. Thomas Aquinas(p102) Ten Commandments (Peuteronomys) (p60) The Catholic Church(天主教)(the power and influence)(p98) The church in middle ages(p95) The Crucifixion(p83) The Crusades（十字军东征）(p99) the Middle ages The Sermon on tjhe Mount(p79) 第四章 Albrecht Durer[p168]\\ Amerigo V espucci[p180] Andreas V esalius(1514-1564)[p181] Aldus Manutius[p181] Bartholomeu dias[p180]