2017-2018学年建平中学高三英语期中试卷及解析

建平中学高三上期中英语试卷II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs．Angela McQueen，a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School，Illinois，hasa routine whenshe's on lunch﹣monitoring duty．She （1）（keep）an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈）around the school cafeteria．In September 2017，McQueen，then 40，had hardly finished one lap （2） a 14﹣year﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun．She knew too well that he was going to start shooting．School employees（3）（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability（4）（aim）．So with the shooter's finger on the trigger，McQueen rushed to him．（5）（grab）at his arm，she forced the gun into the air，but not （6）he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another．As students ran for the exits，McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，（7）disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later．Afterward，McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper．"I don't have kids of my own，but these are still‘（8）' kids．"（9）McQueen，a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending．"If it hadn't been for her，the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one （10）（impress）student told CBS News，"Mr．McQueen is our heroine．"SectionB2．Photography is often perceived as an objective，and therefore unbiased，medium for documenting andpreserving historic moments and national and world histories，and for visualizing and narrating news stories．But the choices made by a photographer ﹣including how the image is （1），what is left in or out of the frame，and how it may be cropped，edited，or otherwise altered after it is taken ﹣introduce a point﹣of﹣view into the photograph and （2）impact how we receive and understand images．Such considerations raise critical questions about how willingly we accept any one photograph as a reflection of （3）truth．Photographs can bear （4）to history and even serve as catalysts（催化剂）for change．They can foster sympathy and raise awareness or，（5），offer critical commentary on historical people，places，and events．Throughout the history of the medium，photographers have aimed to capture the essence of events they saw with their own eyes﹣though the question of the trustworthiness of their images is always up for debate．Though Dorothea Lange had been operating a successful portrait studio in San Francisco since 1919，she was moved by the homeless people as the Great Depression began to take its toll，and she started photographing them．These photographs led to her being hired by the federal Farm Security Administration（FSA），formed to raise awareness of and provide aid to poor farmers．Lange closely identified with the FSA's mission，which was to（6）the effects of the Depression on Americans，bringing attention to their struggles so that such events would never recur．Due in part to her work with the FSA，Lange became known as a pioneer of documentary photography，a （7）she disliked because she felt the term did not reflect the passionate social motivations that fueled her work．Dorothea Lange took this photograph Migrant Mother，Nipomo，California in 1936，while employedby the FSA program．In Nipomo，California，Lange came across Florence Owens Thompson and her children in a camp filled with field workers whose livelihoods were devastated by the failure of the pea crops．Recalling her encounter with Thompson years later，she said，"I saw and approached the hungry and desperate mother．I do not remember how I explained my（8）or my camera to her，but I do remember she asked me noquestions．I made five exposures，working closer and closer from the same direction．" One photograph from that shoot，now known as Migrant Mother，was widely（9）to magazines and newspapers and became a symbol of the plight of migrant farm workers during the Great Depression．As Lange described Thompson's situation，"She and her children had been living on frozen vegetablesfrom the field．Yet they could not move on，for she had just sold the tires from the car to buy food．" However，Thompson later （10）Lange's account．When a reporter interviewed her in the 1970s，she insisted that she and Lange did not speak to each other，nor did she sell the tires of her car．Thompson said that Lange had either confused her for another farmer or embellished（渲染）what she had understood of her situation in order to make a better story．III.ReadingcomprehensionSectionA3．Vast parts of Earth should be left wildTo avoid mass extinctions of plants and animals，governments should protect a third of the oceans andland by 2030 and half by 2050，with a focus on areas of high biodiversity．So say leading biologists in aneditorial in the journal Science．This isn't just about saving biodiverse areas，says Jonathan Baillie of the National Geographic Society，one of the authors．It is also about saving ourselves by protecting （1）natural systems，or ecosystems，and their benefits to us，known as ecosystem services．"We are learning that the large areas that remain are important for providing services for all life．The forests，for example，are （2）for absorbing and storing carbon，" says Baillie．At present，just 3.6 per cent of the planet's oceans and 14.7 per cent of land is protected by law．At the 2010 Nagoya Conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity，governments agreed to protect 10 per cent of the oceans and 17 per cent of land by 2020．But this isn't nearly enough，says Baillie．In the editorial，he and his coauthor，Ya ﹣Ping Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，want governments to set much bigger （3）at the next major conference on biodiversity in 2020．"We have to enormously（4）our ambition if we want to avoid an extinction crisis and if we want to maintain the ecosystem services that we（5）benefit from，" says Baillie．"The trends are in a （6）direction，it's just we have to move much faster．"It is hard to work out how much space is needed to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem （7），the pair say，because there is so much we don't know about life on Earth ﹣like how many species there are．（8），most estimates suggest that between 25 and 75 percent of high biodiversity regions or major ecosystems should be protected．Therefore，we，including governments，should be（9）when setting goals and strategies．"There is no doubt that we need far more land and sea（10）for conserving and retaining nature，"says James Watson at the University of Queensland in Australia．"Targets like 50 per cent are in the right ball park when it comes to the minimal（11）of area needed to conserve biodiversity．"But Watson and others stress that which areas get protected is even more important than the overall percentage．"The key thing is to protect the right areas，" says Jose Montoya of the Station for Theoretical and Experimental Ecology in Moulis，France．"If we （12）protect a proportion of the territory，governments will likely protect what's easy，and that's usually areas of （13）biodiversity and ecosystem service provision．"In fact，a third of the 3.6 percent of land that is already meant to be protected is actually being （14），Watson's team reported last month．So only（15）areas to be protected isn't enough．（1）A．stricter B．wider C．safer D．simpler（2）A．unique B．sufficient C．critical D．fit（3）A．examples B．values C．awards D．objectives （4）A．increase B．achieve C．lack D．frustrate（5）A．barely B．currently C．roughly D．thoroughly （6）A．opposite B．fixed C．complex D．positive（7）A．approaches B．management C．benefits D．degradation （8）A．Therefore B．Furthermore C．However D．Otherwise（9）A．concerned B．changeable C．firm D．cautious（10）A．deserted B．secured C．measured D．distributed （11）A．damage B．cost C．amount D．standard（12）A．completely B．merely C．virtually D．desperately （13）A．mass B．tropical C．marine D．low（14）A．exploited B．expanded C．restored D．discovered （15）A．developing B．covering C．declaring D．utilizing SectionB4．The summer I turned 16，my father gave me his ‘69 Chevy Malibu convertible（敞篷车）．Beautifullyrepainted with V﹣8 engine﹣it was a gift wasted on me at that age．What did I know about classic cars？The important thing was that Hannah and I could drive around Tucson with the top down．Hannah was my best friend， a year younger but much taller，almost five foot ten．"Hannah's going tobe something，" my mother always said．And sure enough，that summer she signed with a modeling agency．She was already doing catalog and runway work．A month after my birthday，Hannah and I went to the movies．On the way home，westopped at the McDonald's drive﹣through，putting the fries on the seat between us to share．"Let's ride around awhile，" I said．It was a clear night，oven﹣warm，full moon cast low over the desert．Taking a curve too fast，I hit a patch of dirt and slid from side to side．I then cut through a neighbor's landscape wall and drove into a full﹣grown palm．The front wheels came to rest halfway up the tree trunk．French fries on the floor，the dash，and my lap．An impossible amount of blood on Hannah's face，pieces of skin hanging into her eyes．They took us in separate ambulances．In the emergency room，my parents spokequietly：Best plastic surgeon in the city．End of her modeling career．We'd been wearing leg belts，but the car didn't have shoulder bands．I'd damaged my cheekbone on the wheel；Hannah's forehead had split wide open on the dash．What would I say to her？When her mother，Sharon，came into my hospital room，I started to cry，preparing myself for her anger．She sat beside me and took my hand．"I hit my best friend's car in the rear when I was your age，" she said．"I wrecked her car and mine．" "I'm so sorry，" I said．"You're both alive，" she said．"The rest is windowdressing．" I started to protest，and Sharon stopped me．"I forgive you．Hannah will too．"Sharon's forgiveness allowed Hannah and me to get back in the car together that summer，to stay friends throughout high school and college，to be in each other's weddings，and to watch my four teenagers get along with her three younger children．I think of her gift of forgiveness every time I'm tempted to blame someone in a secret for something recognized as wrong．And whenever I see Hannah，the scars are so faded that no one else would notice，but in the sunlight I can still see the faint shimmer（微光）just below her hairline﹣for me，a sign of grace．（1）Which of the following about Hannah is TRUE according to the passage？A．She was not as badly injured as the author．B．She never really forgave me though her mother did．C．She learned the gift of forgiveness through the accident．D．She could have been a model if she hadn't experienced the accident．（2）In paragraph 4，"window dressing" is closest in meaning to ""．A．insignificantB．colorfulC．undeterminedD．hopeful（3）According to the passage，Sharon comforted the author by．A．showing her own scarB．mentioning her own storyC．visiting the author in personD．teaching the author a personal lesson（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the article？A．A Graceful FriendB．A Lasting FriendshipC．A Lucky Car AccidentD．The Gift of Forgiveness5．Making these easy tasks part of your morning schedule will improve your nutrition，energy，and moodtoday﹣and beyond．6：00 a．m．STRETCH IN BEDTry this even before you open your eyes．Lift one arm and begin by stretching each finger，then yourhand，then your wrist，and then your whole arm．Move on to the other arm．Then stretch your toes，feet，ankles，and legs．Finally，end with a neck and back stretch that propels you out of bed．You've just limbered up your muscles and joints and enhanced blood flow throughout your body，providing a shot of oxygen to all your tissues．Take up the entire length of the bed when you stretch．According to Harvard University psychologist Amy Cuddy，this display of power is typical of a bold person，making you feel more confident all day long．7：00 a．m．EXERCISE A BIT﹣ON AN EMPTY STOMACHWorking out before you eat，researchers say，encourages your body to burn more fat for energy ratherthan relying on carbohydrates from food．In a Journal of Physiology study，participants who exercised after breakfast still gained weight （as did a control group who didn't exercise），but those who exercised on an empty stomach did not．Moreover，research from the University of Vermont shows that the mood﹣enhancing benefits of a 20﹣minute workout can last for 12 hours，a boost you'll want to enjoy all day long．BREAK YOUR FAST TWICEBreakfast is the most important meal of the day，so why not have two？A study publishedin the journal Pediatric Obesity tracked the weight and breakfast﹣eating patterns of 584 students over two years．They found that frequent breakfast skippers showed increased odds of becoming overweight or obese compared with those who ate two breakfasts （one at home and one at school）．The sensible takeaway：If you eat more in the morning，you'll be less likely to snack at night，when it's harder to burn off calories．8：00 a．m．SEEK OUT GOOD NEWSIn a 2015 study，researchers asked one group of participants to watch just three minutes of positive，solutions﹣focused news （such as a video of a 70﹣year﹣old man who got his graduation certificate after failing the test dozens of times）．These participants were 27 percent more likely to report a few hours later that their day had been "happy" than people who watched negative news in the morning．Study author Gielan also cited substantial evidence that negative moods affect workplace performance．V oila! You've improved your state of mind，your health，and your productivity﹣all before the weekdayhas even begun．Now you're ready to conquer your to﹣do list for today and every day．（1）The article is written to．A．give professional guidance on keeping fitB．reveal some research results about healthC．put forward several suggestions for morning routinesD．offer some tips on how to improve workplace performance（2）It is suggested that you should occupy the entire bed when you stretch because it especially．A．increases your confidenceB．helps you out of bed easilyC．stimulates your blood circulationD．has an effect on your overall health（3）Who is least likely to gain weight according to the article？A．Those who skip breakfasts frequently．B．Those who do morning stretching in bed．C．Those who have double breakfasts in the morning．D．Those who have their breakfast before morning exercise．6．What is the single most effective way to reduce greenhouse﹣gas emissions？Go vegetarian？Replant theAmazon？Cycle to work？None of the above．The answer is：make air﹣conditioners radically better．On one calculation，replacing refrigerants（制冷剂）that damage the atmosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases by the equivalent of 90bn tons of CO2 by 2050．Making the units more energy﹣efficient could double that．Air﹣conditioning is one of the world's great overlooked industries．Automobiles and air ﹣conditioners were invented at roughly the same time，and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work．Unlike cars，though，air﹣conditioners have drawn little criticism for their social impact，emissions or energy efficiency．Most hot countries do not have rules to govern their energy use．Yet air﹣conditioning has done quite a lot of things to benefit humankind．It has transformed productivity in the tropics and helped turn southern China into the workshop of the world．In Europe，its spread has pushed down heat﹣related deaths ten times less than what it was in 2003，when around 70，000 people，most of them elderly，died in a heatwave．For children，air﹣conditioned classrooms and dormitories are associated with better grades at school．Environmentalists who call air﹣conditioning "a luxury we cannot afford" have half a point，however．In the next ten years，as many air﹣conditioners will be installed around the world as were put in between1902（when air﹣conditioning was invented）and 2005．Until energy can be produced without carbon emissions，these extra machines will warm the world．At the moment，therefore，air﹣conditioners create a vicious cycle．The more the Earth warms，the more people need them．But the more there are，the warmer the world will be．Cutting the impact of cooling requires three things（beyond turning up the thermostat（温度调节器）tomake rooms less Arctic）．First，air﹣conditioners must become much more efficient．The most energy﹣efficient models on the market today consume only about one﹣third as much electricity as average ones．Minimum energy﹣performance standards need to be raised，or introduced in countries that lack them altogether，to push the average unit's performance closer to the standard of the best．Next，manufactures should stop using damaging refrigerants．One category of these，hydrofluorocarbons，is over 1，000 times worse than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere．An international deal to phase out these pollutants，called the Kigali amendment，will come into force in 2019．Foot﹣draggers should approve and implement it；America is one country that has not done so．Last，more could be done to design offices，malls and even cities so they do not need as many air﹣conditioners in the first place．More buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade，or with natural air﹣circulation．Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down．Better machines are necessary．But cooling as an overall system needs to be improved if air﹣conditioners is to fulfill its promise to make people healthier，wealthier and wiser，without too high an environmental cost．Providing indoor shelters of air﹣conditioned comfort need not come at the expense of an overheating world．（1）Why does the author think air﹣conditioning is an overlooked industry？A．Because many hot countries haven't put the energy﹣controlling rules into force．B．Because it has caused the same impact on people's life and work as automobiles have．C．Because it has brought great economic，physical，and educational benefits to humans．D．Because it doesn't get the due criticism for its environmental impact as automobiles do．（2）What can we learn from Paragraph 4？A．The price of air﹣conditioning will go up due to the large demand for it．B．A high environmental cost will come along with the air﹣conditioning service．C．Environmentalists are expecting extra machines which can warm the world．D．Governments partially agree that air﹣conditioning is a luxury we cannot afford．（3）With regard to the measures to cut the impact of cooling，which of the following statements is TRUE？A．Manufacturers should only stop using hydrofluorocarbons．B．People should avoid turning up the air﹣conditioners to have cool rooms on hot days．C．People should adopt more environmentally﹣friendly materials when designing buildings．D．Governments should give a green light to the agreement on eliminating the pollutants．（4）The author writes this passage to．A．arouse people's attention to the global warmingB．appeal for the global joint efforts to combat global warmingC．give credit to air﹣conditioning for its great contributions to humansD．offer a new perspective on how to reduce greenhouse gases emissionsSectionC7．Bill Gates doesn't pretend he lives in an egalitarian（主张平等的）household．When it comes to parenting his three children，the billionaire Microsoft giant readily admits his wife Melinda has done more than her share of the work raising the kids．"My wife does 80%，" Gates told a crowd of Harvard students last Thursday．Gates spent two yearsthere taking math and computer science courses as a pre﹣law student，but never finished up his degree．"Myeldest graduates from Stanford in June，so I'm optimistic she won't fall into my footsteps，" Gatesjoked．（1）They followed a 1970s "Love and Logic" parenting model．The core ideaof the philosophy is centered on the idea of exerting emotional control，essentially minimizing emotional reactions like shouting or scolding kids．（2）Gates admits he and his wife haven't been perfect at carrying out the approach．"Can you get rid of the emotion？You can't totally do it，" he said．Aside from ruling in hot﹣blooded parent tempers，the love and logic model also stresses the importanceof not leaning into rewards for kids，but instead demonstrating unconditional love and admiring kids forwho they are，not what they do （or don't）achieve，like a poor test score．"Many highly successful people struggled with grades as children，" Fay wrote on his site．" （3）"The model is a bit like the ideal method，in that it pushes parents to focus on asking questions of their kids and getting them to think about how to solve their own problems，instead of feeding them answers．（4）．However，he knew he wanted to do things differently with his own kids．It wasn't the only way he set boundaries for his children while they were growing up．None of his kids owned a cell phone until they were 14 years old．And they will each get about ﹩10 million of their parents fortune as inheritance，a mere fraction of the giant's roughly ﹩90billion net worth．"We want to strike a balance where they have the freedom to do anything，but not a lot of money showered on them so they could go out and do nothing，" Gates once told TED．IV.Summarywriting8．Summary writingThe life of a journalist can be exciting．To be in constant pursuit of the latest news demandsa curiositythat can only be rewarded by getting to "where it is happening" as soon as possible．The goal，of course，is to relate what is happening to the public as clearly as possible．However，every journalist must be careful to report not only a vivid picture of what is happening，buta true picture．Each journalist reports his or her own version of what has taken place．Still，this version must be an actual account if the reporter is to maintain a reliable reputation．In order to get to the truth in some news stories，a reporter must rely on the statements of someone who is on the inside of the situation．Often this insider will only talk to a reporter if the reporter promises never to reveal the insider's name．The insider usually threatens never to admit meeting with the reporter if his or her name is revealed．Because stories of this nature often involve criminal activity，reporting them becomes a dangerous job．This kind of work involved in obtaining news in this manner serves as an inviting situation for the underworld as well as the legal world．Members of the underworld want to find out who the insider is so that they can keep him or her quiet．Members of the legal world claim that the reporter will obstruct（阻挠）justice if he or she fails to disclose the insider's name．Devotion has given journalism its reputation for reliability ﹣ a reliability that each journalist is expectedto uphold in his or her search for truth．Supplying a truthful account of each day's occurrences is the serious contract made between reporter and the public．I.Translations9．嫌疑人已抓获，所有相关证据已移交警方．（concern）10．众所周知，学习方法因人而异，适合你的不一定适合我．（necessarily）11．我突然想到，我忘记提醒班长集合时间了，随即给他发了一个消息．（It）12．学生表达自我的能力越强，他们就越可能在入学面试中脱颖而出，这促使了他们将练习演讲作为每日常规．（rule）II.Guidedwriting13．高三毕业在即，我校《金苹果》英语报要征集同学交往中的印象深刻的事．请向报纸投稿，叙述你与同学交往中的一件令你印象深刻的事，并谈谈感悟．文中不能透露真实姓名．建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷参考答案与试题解析II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs．Angela McQueen，a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School，Illinois，hasa routine whenshe's on lunch﹣monitoring duty．She （1）keeps（keep）an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈）around the school cafeteria．In September 2017，McQueen，then 40，had hardly finished one lap （2）whena 14﹣year﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun．She knew too well thathe was going to start shooting．School employees（3）had been trained（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability（4）to aim（aim）．So with the shooter's finger on the trigger，McQueen rushed to him．（5）Grabbing（grab）at his arm，she forced the gun into the air，but not （6）before he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another．As students ran for the exits，McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，（7）who disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later．Afterward，McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper．"I don't have kids of my own，but these are still‘（8）my' kids．"（9）Thanks to McQueen，a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending．"If it hadn't been for her，the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one （10）impressed（impress）student told CBS News，"Mr．McQueen is our heroine．"【分析】本文讲述了发生在美国一所学校的枪击事件，幸运的是一位老师凭着"熊妈妈本能"制服了这个杀手，挽救了众多学生的生命．【解答】（1）．keeps；考查谓语动词一般现在时．本句讲述老师每天的工作内容，所以用一般现在时主语是第三人称单数．（2）．when；考查句型．本句运用了had done sth．when 从句句型"刚做了…这时…"此句是"他还没走玩一圈，这时不远处一个青少年拔出了手枪"（3）．had been trained；考查过去完成时的被动语态．train是动词"培训" ，School employees（学校员工）与train是被动关系并且发生在枪击事件发生之前，所以用had been trained．（4）．to aim；考查动词不定式．考查结构"…能力"（the ability to do sth．），aim是动词，所以填写to aim．（5）．Grabbing；考查现在分词短语．此处是非谓语动词，逗号后是一个句子．grab"猛夺，拽"，动词．老师猛拽他胳膊，（同时）把他的枪甩到空中．所以用grabbing主动结构表示伴随，位于句首要用大写首字母．（6）．before；考查连词．字面意思应该是：但是，在手枪击中一个学生的手之前，手枪没有飞上天空，也就是说：手枪击中一个学生的手和胸部并上到另一个学生之后，老师把手枪撞到空中．（7）．who；考查非限制性定语从句．disarmed，缴了…的枪械，动词，谓语，所以空格处填写who做定语从句的主语，指代人．（8）．my；考查形容词性物主代词．根据句意：老师说"我自己没有孩子，但是这些孩子就是'我的'孩子"．（9）．Thanks to；考查词组．Thanks to：多亏句意是：多亏了这位老师，全国很多学校发生的悲剧在这所学校是一个快乐的结局．（10）．impressed；考查过去分词当形容词用法．impressed是形容词来做student的定语，意为：一个（对枪击事件）印象深刻的学生说道…【点评】首先要通读全文，了解大意，抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，仔细分析带空格的句子，明确空格所要填的词义，词型和短语搭配，给出所要填的正确形式，然后整体阅读短文，核对答案．SectionB2．Photography is often perceived as an objective，and therefore unbiased，medium for documenting andpreserving historic moments and national and world histories，and for visualizing and narrating news stories．But the choices made by a photographer ﹣including how the image is （1）B，what is left in or out of the frame，and how it may be cropped，edited，or otherwise altered after it is taken ﹣introduce a point﹣of﹣view into the photograph and （2）E impact how we receive and understand images．Such considerations raise critical questions about how willingly we accept any one photograph as a reflection of （3）A truth．Photographs can bear （4）F to history and even serve as catalysts（催化剂）for change．They can foster sympathy and raise awareness or，（5）C，offer critical commentary on historical people，places，and events．Throughout the history of the medium，photographers have aimed to capture the essence of events they saw with their own eyes﹣though the question of the trustworthiness of their images is always up for debate．Though Dorothea Lange had been operating a successful portrait studio in San Francisco since 1919，she was moved by the homeless people as the Great Depression began to take its toll，and she started photographing them．These photographs led to her being hired by the federal Farm Security Administration（FSA），formed to raise awareness of and provide aid to poor farmers．Lange closely identified with the FSA's mission，which was to（6）D the effects of the Depression on Americans，bringing attention to their struggles so that such events would never recur．Due in part to her work with the FSA，Lange became known as a pioneer of documentary photography，a （7）K she disliked because she felt the term did not reflect the passionate social motivations that fueled her work．Dorothea Lange took this photograph Migrant Mother，Nipomo，California in 1936，while employedby the FSA program．In Nipomo，California，Lange came across Florence Owens Thompson and her children in a camp filled with field workers whose livelihoods were devastated by the failure of the pea crops．Recalling her encounter with Thompson years later，she said，"I saw and approached the hungry and desperate mother．I do not remember how I explained my（8）G or my camera to her，but I do remember she asked me no。

一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. How do you usually go to school?A. By bus.B. By car.C. On foot.2. —I'm sorry, I can't find my pen.— ___________.A. That's OK.B. Never mind.C. Don't worry.3. The teacher said that we ___________ our homework on time.A. should finishB. must finishC. can finish4. ___________ you can come to the party?A. WhenB. WhyC. How5. —Do you like playing football?—Yes, I do. It's ___________.A. interestingB. excitingC. fun6. —Where is the nearest post office?—It's ___________.A. on the rightB. on the leftC. in the front7. The book on the table is ___________.A. mineB. myC. mine's8. ___________ you finished your homework?A. HaveB. HasC. Had9. I think he ___________ a good teacher.A. isB. areC. be10. ___________ you help me with my math homework?A. CanB. CouldC. Would二、完形填空（每题2分，共20分）Last weekend, my family went to the beach for a vacation. We left home at 7 o'clock in the morning and arrived at the beach around 10 o'clock. The beach was crowded with people enjoying the sunny weather. We found a nice spot near the water and set up our tent.We spent the whole day at the beach. My parents went swimming, while I played with my brother and sister. We built a sandcastle, played beach volleyball, and even had a picnic. In the evening, we watched the sunset and enjoyed the beautiful view. The sun set behind the horizon, and the sky turned red.After dinner, we played some games and told stories. We stayed at the beach until it was dark. The stars began to appear in the sky, and the moon was shining brightly. We packed our things and left the beach, feeling happy and tired.The next day, we went to a nearby town and visited some shops. We bought some souvenirs and had lunch at a local restaurant. In the afternoon, we went to a museum and learned about the history of the area.On our way back home, we were tired but happy. We had a great vacation and made many wonderful memories. I can't wait to go back to the beach next year.11. A. went B. go C. going12. A. arrived B. arrive C. arrive at13. A. with B. without C. at14. A. in the morning B. in the afternoon C. in the evening15. A. playing B. to play C. played16. A. on B. in C. at17. A. we B. us C. I18. A. had B. have C. has19. A. a B. an C. the20. A. us B. we C. us too三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Passage 1The Internet has become an integral part of our lives. It has changed the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business. However, the rapid growth of the Internet has also brought about several challenges.One of the main challenges is the issue of privacy. With the increasing amount of personal information being shared online, individuals are at greater risk of identity theft and cybercrime. To protect their privacy, people need to be cautious about the information they share and the websites they visit.Another challenge is the spread of misinformation. With the ease of publishing and sharing information online, false news and fake stories can spread quickly, causing confusion and panic. It is essential for individuals to verify the accuracy of the information they come across before believing it.Moreover, the Internet has also led to a decline in face-to-face communication. People are spending more time interacting with screens rather than with each other. This can have negative effects on social skills and relationships.Despite these challenges, the Internet offers numerous benefits. It has made communication faster and more convenient, provided access to a vast amount of information, and facilitated global connectivity. To make the most of the Internet while minimizing its negative impacts, individuals need to be aware of the potential risks and take appropriate measures to protect themselves.21. What is one of the main challenges of the Internet?A. Privacy issues.B. Misinformation spread.C. Face-to-face communication decline.22. Why is it important for individuals to verify the accuracy of the information they come across?A. To avoid being deceived.B. To ensure their privacy.C. To protect their identity.23. What is one of the benefits of the Internet?A. It facilitates global connectivity.B. It promotes face-to-face communication.C. It provides access to false news.24. What can individuals do to make the most of the Internet while minimizing its negative impacts?A. Use it for communication only.B. Avoid sharing personal information.C. Be aware of the potential risks and take appropriate measures.Passage 2Environmental protection has become a critical issue in recent years. The rapid development of industries and urbanization have led to various environmental problems, such as air and water pollution, deforestation, and climate change.To address these challenges, governments around the world have implemented various policies and regulations to promote environmental protection. For example, many countries have implemented stricter emission standards for vehicles and industries to reduce air pollution. They have also encouraged the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.Individuals can also contribute to environmental protection by adopting sustainable lifestyles. This includes reducing waste, conserving water and energy, and using environmentally friendly products. Additionally, individuals can participate in community activities and volunteer work to raise awareness about environmental issues and promote sustainable practices.However, environmental protection is a collective effort that requires the cooperation of governments, businesses, and individuals. Only through joint efforts can we achieve a sustainable and healthy environment for future generations.25. What are some of the environmental problems mentioned in the passage?A. Air and water pollution, deforestation, and climate change.B. Deforestation, climate change, and air pollution.C. Air and water pollution, climate change, and deforestation.26. What measures have governments implemented to promote environmental protection?A. Stricter emission standards for vehicles and industries, and the use of renewable energy sources.B. The use of renewable energy sources, stricter emission standards for vehicles and industries, and the promotion of sustainable lifestyles.C. The promotion of sustainable lifestyles, the use of renewable energy sources, and stricter emission standards for vehicles and industries.27. How can individuals contribute to environmental protection?A. By reducing waste, conserving water and energy, and using environmentally friendly products.B. By participating in community activities and volunteer work to raise awareness about environmental issues.C. By adopting sustainable lifestyles and participating in community activities and volunteer work.四、短文改错（每题1分，共10分）It is a well-known fact that the Internet has changed our lives. In the past, people spent much time on letter writing. Now, we send e-mails instead. This saves time and energy. However, some people are worried about the negative effects of the Internet. For example, it can lead topoor communication skills and decrease the quality of human relationships. Therefore, we should use the Internet in a proper way.One of the most significant advantages of the Internet is the convenience of communication. We can talk with friends or family members from anywhere in the world at any time. However, some people may become too dependent on the Internet. This can lead to social isolation and a lack of face-to-face interaction.Another problem is the spread of misinformation. With the ease of publishing and sharing information, false news can spread quickly. This can cause confusion and panic among people. Therefore, we should be cautious about the information we receive and verify its accuracy before believing it.Moreover, the Internet can also be a source of cyberbullying. Somepeople may use the Internet to harass or intimidate others. This can have severe consequences on the victims' mental health.In conclusion, while the Internet has brought many benefits to our lives, we should also be aware of its negative effects. By using the Internet responsibly and critically, we can minimize its drawbacks and maximizeits advantages.1. letter writing → letter-writings2. Now → Now that3. energy → energies4. some people → many people5. This → That6. communicat ion skills → communication skills.7. human relationships → human relationships.8. Therefore → However9. publishing → publishing.10. mental health → mental health problems.五、写作（25分）Write an essay of about 150 words on the topic "The Importance of Environmental Protection". You can use the following outline for guidance:1. Introduce the importance of environmental protection.2. Discuss the negative effects of environmental pollution and degradation.3. Provide examples of measures that individuals and governments can take to protect the environment.4. Conclude by emphasizing the importance of environmental protection for future generations.。

1 2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷注意事项：1答题前，务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。

2答题时使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

3请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

4保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。

II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA 1．The mama ﹣bear instinct Ms ．Angela McQueen ，a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School ，Illinois ，has a routine when she's on lunch ﹣monitoring duty ．She___1___ （keep ）an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps （圈）around the school cafeteria ．In September 2017，McQueen ，then 40，had hardly finished one lap___2___ a 14﹣year ﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun ．She knew too well that he was going to start shooting ．School employees___3___（train ）on how to handle active shooters ：Attack their ability___4___ （aim ）．So with the shooter's finger on the trigger ，McQueen rushed to him ．___5___（grab ）at his arm ，she forced the gun into the air ，but not___6___ he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another ．As students ran for the exits ，McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer ，___7___ disarmed ___7___ disarmed the student and the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later ．Afterward ，McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students ．"It's the mama ﹣bear instinct ，" she told the local paper ．"I don't have kids of my own ，but these are still‘still‘___8___' kids ___8___' kids ．" ___9___ McQueen ，a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending ．"If it hadn't been for her ，the situation would have been a lot different ，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference ．As one___10___ （impress ）student told CBS News ，"Mr ．McQueen is our heroine ．" 【答案】1. keeps 2. when 3. had been trained 4. to aim 5. grabbing 6. before 7. who 8. my 9. Thanks to 10. impressed 【解析】【分析】【分析】这是应用文。

高一英语期中测试I. Section A: Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear one conversation and one passage. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the conversation or passage TWICE while the questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.Questions 1 through 4 are based on the following passage1. A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five2. A. A profit-making private school.B. A non-profit-making independent school.C. A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.D. A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.3. A. Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.B. Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.C. Children from wealthy families no longer choose to study in public schools.D. Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.4. A. Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.B. School authorities will receive more funds from the government.C. Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.D. Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 5 through 8 are based on the following passage5. A. One that is unabridged(未删减的) with detailed definitions.B. One that contains fewer words and emphasizes special words.C. One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.D. One that covers several volumes and has extensive word histories6. A. The New Oxford Picture DictionaryB. The American Heritage DictionaryC. The Dictionary of Legal TermsD. The Drinking Water Dictionary7. A. It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.B. It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.C. It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.D. It provides detailed information of famous people and places.8. A. A school dictionary. B. A college dictionary.C. A general dictionary.D. A specialized dictionary.II. GrammarSection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.9. —Has your father finished writing his report yet?—I don’t know, but he ________ it this morning.A. wroteB. has writtenC. had writtenD. was writing10. Doctors say that _______________ to sunlight for a long time is harmful to one’s skin.A. exposedB. exposingC. being exposedD. to expose11. Americans like standing two to four feet away from people when they talk or wait in line. ________, Asians stand much closer.A. On the contraryB. As a resultC. In contrastD. In addition12. _______ on the computers, and you __________ informed of the news worldwide right away.A.Turn….will beB. Turning….areC. To turn….willD. Having turned….are13. ________ all the inventors have ____ common is that they are curious about the things around.A.What…..inB. Where….a sC. Where….inD. What…. with14. Government reports and most business letters are the main situations _________ formal language is used.A. whenB. whatC. whereD. thatSection BDirection: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Nearly 135,000 people on the Indonesian island of Bali have left their homes after warnings that the Mount Agung volcano could erupt at any time.Blowing white smoke, Mount Agung is sending fright throughout the area. Its alert status (15)______ (raise) to the highest level. Villagers (16)______(live) beneath the volcano have takenshelter in temporary evacuation centers. Plentiful stocks of food, water, medicines and other supplies have been prepared.One farmer expressed his concern that lava could destroy his house and farm. Apart from villagers, there are around 30,000 cattle within the danger zone around the volcano. Efforts are being made to evacuate(疏散，撤退) the livestock as much as possible (17)_____ it is an important source of income for many residents.Indonesia has nearly 130 active volcanoes, more than any other country. Many of these show high levels of activity, but it can be weeks or even months (18) _____ an actual eruption takes place.Bali is famous for its beaches and temples. It (19)_____(witness) millions of visitors over the past three years, mainly from China, Australia and Japan. (20)_____ _____ the threatening volcano, several countries have issued travel warnings against the Indonesian island. Some tourists are now having a second thoughts about their holiday plans.III. VocabularySection ADirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is two word more than you need.Since the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals in 2014, tremendous progress has been made in health, education and employment. However, progress in other areas has been slow. So, what is 21 progress? Two key factors are unequal 22 to education and discrimination in employment. Sometimes, girl must overcome enormous barriers just to attend school. In some countries like Ghana, school fees can be 23 for the poor. When 24 with this dilemma, the father, who usually makes the important family decisions, will usually sent a son to school over a daughter, even if the daughter is more ___25___ capable. As for employment, women can be passed over with the reason that if they get married or pregnant, they will be less reliable or productive.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the proper form of the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.26.I had intended to go to your party yesterday but a(n) 26 guest visited me.27.The students’ union is fundraising for the 27 of a historical building on the campus.28.If a couple has had everything when they get 28 , what should they expect in the future?29.The construction of two major high ways has made the once isolated village 29 to visitors.30.Our English courses are intended to help students develop a(n) 30 of poetry and literature.31.Let your child know that no one else should ever touch them without their 31 .IV. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Which is more important when designing a building:beauty or function?At the start of the twentieth century, Louis Sullivan, one of the creators of modern architecture, said that ‘form follows function’. ‘Functionalism’ is used to describe the idea behind architecture which primarily focuses on the ___32____ of a building. However, many people ____33___ this and feel that beauty is a more important factor in architectural design. In the modern world, it seems that most architects ___34____ both ideas: aiming to create buildings which are both functional and beautiful.The reason for creating a building in the first place is clearly very important. ___35____, when building an airport terminal, you need to think of the ____36___ of passengers as well as planes. Passengers want to get to their plane as quickly as they can, and planes need to be parked in the most efficient way possible. As such, many airport terminals have a circular shape withsatellite areas. Each type of building has a different function and hence a different ___37____.____38___, however, is also clearly important when constructing a building. Living or working in an ugly place creates a(n) ___39____ and uninspiring environment. ____40___, an attractive building can make people feel happier and increase their motivation to work. There is also a wider responsibility to society which architects have to consider. Beautiful, well-constructed buildings are a(n) ___41____ of a civilized society and reflect well on the business or reputation of the owner. Ugly public buildings, however, can project a negative image of the organization.In theory, there seems to be no reason why architecture cannot be both functional and beautiful. Yet ___42____, this can cause problems. The Modern International style of the 1920s and 1930s, an example of which is the Guggenheim Museum in New York, was supposed to combine beauty with function. Many consider the museum’s white spiral ramp beautiful, but there have been ____43___ that it is impractical, as it is difficult to stand back to view the art. Also, the ramp is so narrow that it can become ___44____. It seems that even this celebrated design has ___45____ with functionality.If architects focus only on function, buildings may be cold, ugly and uninteresting. On the other hand, if they focus only on making it look beautiful, the building may be completely impractical. Therefore, ___46____ these two ideas is necessary to create the perfect piece of architecture.32. A. budget B. punctuality C. purpose D. structure33. A. react to B. cope with C. disagree with D. suffer from34. A. share B. combine C. offer D. process35. A. As a result B. In addition C. For instance D. On the contrary36. A. chances B. packages C. customs D. needs37. A. price B. form C. origin D. position38. A. Emphasis B. Convenience C. Beauty D. Vagueness39. A. fatal B. brutal C. specific D. depressing40. A. In contrast B. Similarly C. On one hand D. Step by step41. A. variety B. potential C. symbol D. worship42. A. in case B. in all C. in practice D. in total43. A. complaints B. attitudes C. coincidence D. demonstrations44. A. excessive B. overcrowded C. intentional D. evident45. A. objections B. hesitations C. problems D. challenges46. A. blending B. recollecting C. classifying D. enduringSection BDirection: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?”Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip (掷) a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!47. What did the author’s classmates think about his report?A．Incredible. B．Funny. C．Boring. D．Puzzling.48. Why was the author confused about the task?A．He was unfamiliar with American history.B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin.C．He forgot his teacher’s instruction.D．He didn’t know why the teacher gave such a task.49. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably mean s _______.A．annoyed B．ashamed C．ready D．eager50. In the end, the author turned things around _______.A．by redoing his task B．through his own effortsC．with the help of his grandfather D．under the guidance of his headmaster(B)King’s Colleg e Summer SchoolKing’s College Summer School is an annual training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also51. You can most probably read the text in _____.A. a newspaperB. a travel guideC. a textbookD. a telephone book52. Which of the following is true about King’s College Summer School?A. Only top students can take part in the program.B. King' s College Summer School is run every other year.C. Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program.D. Only the teachers of King’s College give courses.53. If you are to live with your relatives in New York, you will have to pay the school _____.A. $200B. $400C. $500D. $90054. What information can you get from the text?A. The program will last two months.B. You can write to Thompson only in English.C. As a Chinese student, you can send your application on July 14, 2007.D. You can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone.(C)If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language.A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals”who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.55. The main subject talked about in this passage is ________.A. science on learning a second languageB. man’s ability of learning a second languageC. that language can help brain powerD. language learning and maths study56. The underlined word “bilingual” probably means _______.A. a researcher on language learningB. a second language learnerC. a person who can speak two languagesD. an active language learner57. We may know from the scientific findings that ________.A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density isB. there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn’t know a second languageC. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people’s brainD. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time58. In the last two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that _________.A. learning a second language is the same as studying mathsB. early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjectsC. Italian is the best choice for you as a second languageD. you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second languageV. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.人们普遍认为违规者应该受到惩罚。

2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BWith graduation days being celebrated all over the country, a student who has to use a wheelchair honored his mother on his graduation day in a special way. Easley High School graduate, Alex Mays surprised people present when he got up and walked across the stage at Clemson's Littlejohn Coliseum.“I was really happy—it made me feel good,” Alex said.Alex was not given a chance to live right from his birth. He was born at 25 weeks and weighed just 1 pound, 10 ounces at birth. When he was very young, he had a disease and lost the ability to walk. After his mother's death in 2013, Alex had several other difficult life changes until he came to live with his grandparents, Dousay and her husband, Dewayne. Dousay said that when Alex came to live with them, they decided to bring him up in the best possible way they could.Last fall, Alex said that he would walk across the stage to get his diploma to honor his late mother. He practiced hard and worked with a physical therapist for 9 months to complete his plan.The only help Alex got was from his mom's best friend, Tonya Johnson, who pushed his wheelchair to the stage wearing one of his mother's favorite shirts. “I had support from my family. I couldn't have done it without them,” Alex said.“Alex made everyone in the building feel encouraged that day” Pickens County School District public information specialist John Eby said. “The school teachers knew he was going to get up to get his diploma, but the distance he walked was a surprise, even to them,” Eby said.“Some of life's most important tests aren’t given in a classroom; Alex tested himself and passed with flying color1 s,” Eby added.4. In what way did Alex honor his late mother on his graduation day?A. By dressing like her.B. By saying sorry to her.C. By inviting her best friend.D. By walking to get his diploma.5. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Alex was born healthy.B. Alex went through a lot.C. Alex had a purpose in life as a child.D. Alex has lived with his grandparents all the time.6. What did Alex also express on his graduation day?A. His big regret in life.B. His feelings for hisschool.C. His thanks for his family.D. His will to complete his study.7. Which of the following words can best describe Alex?A. Strong-minded.B. Warm-hearted.C. Cool-headed.D. Easy-going.CThe Chinese philosopher (哲学家) Confucius once said, “Time flows away like the water in the river.” This is especially true as the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak has affected millions of people in China, andthe whole nation has been working day and night to fight the epidemic.In late January, when an increasing number of people in Wuhan were suspected to be infected, and hospitals didn't have adequate beds for them, two special hospitals—Lei shenshan Hospital and Huo shenshan Hospital were built. These two makeshift (临时的) hospitals were built to treat pneumonia patients infected with the novel coronavirus.HuoshenshanHospitalhas 1,000 beds and covers 33,900 square meters, andLeishenshanHospitalhas 1,500 beds and a total area of about 79,000 square meters. More than 4,000 workers worked 24/7 in two shifts, and nearly 1,000 large-scale pieces of equipment and transport vehicles helped the project on site. The two hospitals were built in an amazingly short time. It only took 10 days for people to build Huo shenshan, and 14 days for Lei shenshan.This certainly wowed many people overseas. “It's incredible that two hospitals with 2,500 beds can be built in a short period. It's just hard to believe,” a foreigner named Stuart told People's Daily. In the meantime, Chinese companies have also taken actions quickly in this battle.“The automobile industry is highly industrialized with strong capabilities in comprehensive manufacturing, purchasing materials, production lines and output of technologies,” Shi Jianhua, deputy secretary-general of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, told CCTV News. “In this special time, when the nation needs more masks, it's time for us to quickly respond and shoulder the social responsibilities.”Indeed, a fast response is crucial in any crisis. In this special time,Chinacan't afford to waste a second in the fight against the epidemic. After all, time equals life during this crisis.8. Confucius' saying “Time flows away like the water in the river.” is mentioned to ______.A. arouse readers' interest in the passage.B. introduce the subject of the passage.C. present the background information.D. stress the value of time in epidemic.9. What can we learn about Lei shenshan hospital and Huo shenshan hospital?A. They are new hospitals for health care inWuhan.B. They were built in minimal time.C. Over 4,000 workers worked continuously.D. Stuart found them too massive to believe.10. We can infer from Shi Jianhua's words that the automobile industry inChina______.A. had no medical supplies factories before.B. guarantees whoever in need enough masks.C. has capabilities to give timely response.D. has strong abilities in manufacturing.11. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. China fights epidemic against the clock.B. Twospecial hospitals were constructed.C. Chinese firms acted quickly and effectively.D. Time is crucial for people in overcoming crisis.DDepression（抑郁症）in young adult males, ages 18 or 19, is linked to a 20% greater risk of having a heart attack in middle age, according to a new Swedish study.The link can be partly explained by poorer stress resilience（抗压能力）and lower physical fitness among teens with mental disorders.Theresearch included 238,013 men born between 1958 and 1962 who were given examinations in adolescence（青春期）and were then followed into middle age（up to the age of 58 years）. A total of 34,503 men were diagnosed（诊断）with a mental disorder.The study found thata mental disorder in young adulthond was linked to a higher risk of having heart attack by middle age. Compared to men without a mental illness in young adulthood，the risk of heart attack was 20%higher among men with a diagnosis.“We already knew that menwho were physically fit in adolescence seem less likely to keep fitness in later years if they have low stress resilience” said study author Dr. Bergh, “Our research has also shown that low stressresilience is also connected with a greater tendency towards bad behavior, such as higher risks of smoking, drinking and other drug use.”“Better fitness in adolescence is likely to help protect against later heart disease, particularly if people stay fit as they age. Physical activities may also reduce some of the bad effects of stress. Those in poor health could benefit from additional support to encourage exercise and develop plans to deal with stress,” said Bergh.12. How does the author develop paragraph 3?A. By giving examples.B. By listing figures.C. By making a comparison.D. By drawing a conclusion.13. What are men with low stress resilience likely to do?A. Smoke more.B. Eat more.C. Sleep less.D. Do less exercise.14. What will Bergh agree with according to the last paragraph?A. Physical activitiesadd to stress.B. Stress may cause heart disease.C. Taking exercise is unnecessary.D. Staying fit is of great importance.15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Education.D. Fashion.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）开学英语试卷II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passages below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank. 1．（10分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）Nursing，as a typically female profession，must deal constantly with the false impression（21）nurses are there to wait on the position．As nurses，we（22）（license）to provide nursing care only．We provide health teaching，and physical as well as emotional problems，coordinate patient﹣related services and make all our nursing decisions based upon what is（23）（good）or suitable for the patient．If，in any circumstance，we feel that a physician's order is inappropriate or unsafe，we have a legal responsibility （24）（question）that order，or refuse to carry it out．Nursing is not a nine﹣to﹣five job （25）every weekend off．All nurses are aware of that （26）they enter the profession．The emotional and physical stress，however，（27）occurs due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career dissatisfaction．It is sometimes required that we work overtime，and that we change shifts four or five times a month．That disturbs our personal lives and disrupts our sleeping and eating habits，isolating us from everything （28）job﹣related friends and activities．The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations．Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates because experienced nurses finally give up （29）（try）to change the system．If trends continue as （30）（predict），they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new inexperienced and sometimes inadequately﹣trained nurses．Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2．（10分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）"That which does not kill us makes us stronger．"But parents can't handle it when teenagers put this（31）into practice．And now technology has become the new field for the age﹣old battle between adults and their freedom﹣craving kids．Locked indoors，unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends，teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to （32）with their friends．What they do online often mirrors what they might otherwise do if their mobility wasn't so （33）limited in the age of helicopter parenting．Social media and smart phones apps have become so popular in recent years．Teens want the freedom to explore their（34）and the world around them，so they jump online．As teens have moved online，parents have projected their（35）onto the Internet，imagining all the potential dangers that youth might face﹣﹣﹣from violent strangers to cruel peers．Rather than helping teens develop strategies for discussing public life and the potential risks of interacting with others，fearful parents have focused on tracking，monitoring and （36）．These don't help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations，assess risks and get help when they're in trouble．It gradually weakens the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology﹣soaked world．The key to helping youth handle（37）life isn't more restrictions．It's freedom ﹣plus communication．Famed urban theorist Jane Jacobs used to argue that the safest neighborhoods were those where communities （38）took interest in and paid attention to what happened on the streets．Safety didn't come fromkeeping everyone indoors but from a （39）to watch out for one another．The same is true online．Teens need the freedom to wander the （40）street，but they also need to know that caring adults are behind them and supporting them wherever they go．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3．（30分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）When is an occupation a profession？There appears to no absolute definition，but only （41）ways of looking at the issue，from historical，cultural，sociological，moral，political or philosophical perspectives．It is often said that professions are elites（精英）who undertake specialized，selfless work，according to moral codes and that their work is （42）by examination and a license to practice．In （43），however，they request complete control over a body of knowledge，freedom to practice，special rewards and higher financial and economic （44）．The public needs experts and higher specialist advice，but because this advice is specialized they are not in a position to （45）what advice they need：this has to be defined in conversation with the professional．Professional judgement could be（46）with client（委托人）satisfaction since the latter cannot then be"the chief measure of whether the professional has acted in a trustworthy fashion．"Professional elites have （47）potential；to export their power and reputation for economic goals；to allow research for the （48）theoretical knowledge to become an end in itself；to lose sight of client well﹣being in the continuing split of specialist knowledge．The higher a profession's social status the more freedom it enjoys．Therefore，an occupation wanting to maintain or improve its status will try to keep as much an occupation （49）as possible over its own affairs．As in so many other areas，socio﹣culture change has affected the professions considerably in recentyears．Market forces and social pressures have focused professionals to be more （50）about their modes of practice．In addition，information technology has enables the （51）to become much better informed，and therefore more demanding．Moreover，developing in professional knowledge itself have forced a greater degree of specialization on experts，who constantly have to （52）and do research to maintain their position．Self﹣regulation then becomes an even more thing for a profession to maintain er extend．But in whose （53）？Is self﹣regulation used to enable a profession to properly practise without（54）interference，or is it used to maintain the status of the profession for its own ends？Or is it used to protect clients by appropriately （55）those who have broken professional norms，or to protect the public image of the profession by concealing evidences that would damage it？41．A．fair B．normal C．different D．separate 42．A．guaranteed B．measured C．completed D．continued 43．A．return B．comparison C．conclusion D．fact 44．A．importance B．status C．influence D．certificate 45．A．discover B．accept C．realize D．know 46．A．competing B．disagreeing C．contrasting D．mixing 47．A．negative B．creative C．significant D．wasted 48．A．necessary B．abstract C．basic D．background 49．A．independence B．control C．limitation D．value 50．A．definite B．formal C．open D．personal 51．A．public B．followers C．audience D．consumers 52．A．resign B．recover C．retrain D．resist 53．A．interests B．ideas C．proposals D．instructions 54．A．legal B．logical C．unlike D．unsuitable 55．A．examining B．separating C．resetting D．discipliningSection B4．（8分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）The Hawthorne experiment was conducted in the late 1920s and early 1930s．The management of Western Electric's Hawthorne plant，located near Chicago，wanted to find out if environmental factors，such as lighting，could affect workers'productivity and morale．A team of social scientists experimented with a small group of employees who were set apart from their coworkers．The environmental conditions of this group's work area were controlled，and the subjects themselves were closely observed．To the great surprise of the researchers，the productivity of these workers increased in response to any change in their environmental conditions．The rate of work increased even when the changes （such as a sharp decrease in the level of light in the workplace）seemed unlikely to have such an effect．It was concluded that the presence of the observers had caused the workers in the experimental group to feel special．As a result，the employees came to know and trust one another，and they developed a strong belief in the importance of their job．The researchers believed that this，not the changes in the work environment，accounted for the increased productivity．A later reanalysis of the study data challenged the Hawthorne conclusions on the grounds that the changes in patterns of human relations，considered so important by the original researchers，were never measured．However，even if the original conclusions must be revised，they nonetheless raise a problem for social scientists：Research subjects who know they are being studied can change their behavior．Throughout the social sciences，this phenomenon has come to be called the Hawthorne effects．56．The author implies that a sharp decrease in light increased workers'output becauseA．the workers experienced less eyestrain in a dark working placeB．the workers had to pay 1nore attention to what they were doingC．the workers knew they were being observed，and this motivated themD．the 11'orkers in the experiment were paid more than other workers57．The pattern of organization of the second paragraph isA．list of items B．time order C．definition and example D．cause and effect 58．The Hawthorne experiment suggests thatA．workers'attitudes are more important than their environmentB．social scientists are good workersC．productivity in electric plants tends to be lowD even those who were not y the experiment improved their productivity59．The author's main purpose isA．To explain the Hawthorne effectB．to prove the importance of researchC．to amuse with a surprising experimentD．to suggest ideas for future research．5．（6分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）Join IMDb and Become a Founding Supporter of the Academy Museum of MotionPicturesThe Academy of Motion Pictures & Sciences is building the world's leading movie museum in the heart of Los Angeles．The Academy Museum of Motion pictures，scheduled to open in 2017，will contain six stories of state﹣of﹣the﹣art galleries，exhibition spaces，movie theaters and educational areas．Through groundbreaking exhibitions and innovative programming，the Museum will explore how Hollywood and the film industry have shaped culture and creativity around the world．Designed by Renzo Piano，the Academy Museum will be located next to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art （LACMA）campus in the landmarked Wilshire May Company Building．To help ensure this long﹣held dream of the Academy becomes a reality，the Academy has launched a $300 million fundraising campaign，led by Bob Iger，Annette Bening and Tom Hanks．We hope you can join IMDb and the Academy Museum'scommunity of early s upporters by making a gift to the campaign today．Or，sign up for the Academy Museum mailing list to hear about upcoming museum events and developments．Donate NowHelp make move history and join in elite group of supporters，including IMDb，by making your contribution today．To see a full list of the Academy Museum founding supporters，click here．If you would like to make a donation or learn more about naming opportunities，please contact Christine Joyce Rodriguez，Manager of Annual Giving，at Christine．Rodriguez@Oscars．org or 310 247 304060．The Academy of Motion Pictures is locatedA．in the downtown area of Los AngelesB．in the suburb of the city of Los AngelesC．in the Los Angeles County Museum of ArtD．in the centre of Wilshire May Company61．The Academy of Motion Picture s will focus onA．the exhibition of film equipmentB．the impact of film industry on world cultureC．the popularity of Hollywood movie cultureD．the achievements of American galleries and theatres62．The passage is intended toA．promote the Academy Museum and make movie historyB．arouse people's interest in the Academy MuseumC．raise enough money for the Academy MuseumD．help realize the Academy Museum founding supporters'dreams．6．（8分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf's declaration that social change exists everywhere．Technology，the application of knowledge for practical ends，is a majorsource of social change．Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is human creation；it does not exist naturally．A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object．Until human use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts，neither is much more than a solid mass of matter．For a bird looking for an object on which to rest，a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well．The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology；they provide cases in which well﹣planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right．Since technology is a human creation，we are responsible for what is done with it．Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces．But they have been saying this for decades，and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish．Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain．Clearly，the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination．Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution．Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do．There are those who declare that the switch to an information﹣based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones，particularly the industrial Revolution．Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution，we find that it was not the machines．The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change．It gave rise to mass production and，through mass production，to a society in which wealth was not restricted to the few．In somewhat similar fashion，computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication．The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods．The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind ofhuman beings by electronic methods．It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting impact on so ciety．63．Why does the author give the examples of the challenger and Chernobyl？A．To show that technology could be used to destroy our world．B．To stress the author's concern about the safety of complex technology．C．To prove that technology usually goes wrong，if not controlled by man．D．To demonstrate that being a human creation，technology is likely to make an error 64．What does the phrase"went haywire"in paragraph 2 most probably mean？A．were out of range B．went out of dateC．fell out of use D．got out of control 65．According to the author，the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly becauseA．the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mindB．the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people beforeC．it has helped to switch to an information technologyD．it has a great potential impact on society66．In the passage，the author clearly shows hisA．keen insight into the nature of technologyB．sharp criticism of the role of the Industrial RevolutionC．thorough analysis of the replacement of the human mind by computers D．comprehensive description of the negative consequences of technology．SectionC Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachs entencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed. 7．（10分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）A．In large settings，people reported feeling more powerful and were likelier to stealmoney，cheat on a test，and commit traffic violations．B．How honest a person is depends mainly on his or her personality．C．This held true even when people were role﹣playing﹣that is，they weren't rich in real life．D．When Dutch psychologist Gerben van Kleef asked study participants that question，most chose the second accountant．E．Researchers find it very common among"successful"people but can't explain why．F．The more wins，the higher the hormones，the greater the confidence boost，the bigger the risks，and so on．Picture two accountants alerted to suspicious entries in the books．The first takes the violation seriously．The second thinks it's not a big deal．Who has more power？（67）Powerful people break the rules﹣therefore，breaking rules makes one seem more powerful．"In its modest form，rule breaking is actually healthy，"says Zhen Zhang of Arizona State University．He found that relatively minor violations during adolescence﹣damaging property，playing hooky﹣predicted an admired occupation：entrepreneur．When young men，in particular，take risks that succeed，testosterone levels surge．The hormone may underlie the"winner effect，"say researchers John Coates and Joe Herbert of the University of Cambridge，who tracked the hormonal activity of stock option traders （again，all male）over their good and bad days in the market．（68）But at a certain point，risk taking can become illogical．This can cause"ethical numbing（道德麻木）．"Consider Steve Jobs：As Apple grew，so did lawsuits against it，like those over patents．Being wealthy has a moral effect on both genders．Studies have found that the﹩150，000﹣plus﹣per﹣year set was four times as likely to cheat as those making less than﹩15，000 a year when playing a game to win $50．The rich didn't stop for pedestrians at a crosswalk nearly as often as less﹣wealthy drivers．（69）That's because environment﹣not personality﹣encourage rule breaking，argues Andy Yap，a behavioral scientist．Yap and his colleagues asked volunteers to sit in an SUV﹣size driver's seat versus a crowded one or an executive﹣size office space versus a cubicle（小隔间）and then tested their responses to various moral evens．（70）．Summary WritingDirections：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.8．（10分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）Judging from recent surveys，most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic （流行病）of sleepiness in the nation．"I can't think of a single study that hasn't found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to，"says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．The beginning of our sleep﹣deficit （睡眠不足）crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries，sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5hours a night．"The best sleep habits once were forced on us，when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm，and it was dark．"By the 1950s and 1960s，the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically，to between 7.5and eight hours，and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．"People cheat on their sleep，and they don't even realize they're doing it，"says Dr．David．"They think they're okay because they can get by on 6.5hours，when they really need 7.5，eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous．" Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep，researchers say is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work，family，friends and community mount，many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme．"In our society，you're considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5hours'sleep．If you're got to get 8.5hours，people think you lack drive and ambition．"To determine the consequences of sleep deficit，researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them，for instance，to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．"We've found that if you're in sleep deficit，performance suffers，"says Dr．David．"Short﹣term memory is weakened，as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．"Translation Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.9．（1分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）在公园里玩耍的孩子们让老人想起了他快乐的童年．（remind）．10．（1分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）他所递交的理由很有说服力，所以经理同意重新考虑他的提议．（persuasive）．11．（1分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）只有在自然灾害发生的时候，你才会真正了解到大自然的威力．（Only）．12．（1分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）当地政府已经广而告之新的交规，这对城市形象和安全很有益处．（publicize）．Guided WritingDirections：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.13．（10分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）在李华18岁生日即将到来之际，他父亲准备送他一份生日礼物，为此，他特意征求了李华的意见．假如你是李华，你会选择哪份礼物，阐述你选择这份礼物的原因．1．Iphone7s2．a trip to London3．an experience as a volunteer．．2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）开学英语试卷参考答案与试题解析II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passages below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank. 1．（10分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）Nursing，as a typically female profession，must deal constantly with the false impression（21）that nurses are there to wait on the position．As nurses，we（22）are licensed（license）to provide nursing care only．We provide health teaching，and physical as well as emotional problems，coordinate patient﹣related services and make all our nursing decisions based upon what is（23）the best（good）or suitable for the patient．If，in any circumstance，we feel that a physician's order is inappropriate or unsafe，we have a legal responsibility （24）to question（question）that order，or refuse to carry it out．Nursing is not a nine﹣to﹣five job （25）with every weekend off．All nurses are aware of that （26）before/when they enter the profession．The emotional and physical stress，however，（27）which occurs due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career dissatisfaction．It is sometimes required that we work overtime，and that we change shifts four or five times a month．That disturbs our personal lives and disrupts our sleeping and eating habits，isolating us from everything （28）except job﹣related friends and activities．The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations．Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates because experienced nurses finally give up （29）trying（try）to change the system．If trends continue as （30）predicted（predict），they will find that most critical hospital care will be providedby new inexperienced and sometimes inadequately﹣trained nurses．【考点】N6：语法填空．【分析】本文讲述的是关于护士这一职业的有关知识，分析了人们对这一职业的错误认识等．【解答】21．that：考察名词性从句，impression为先行词，属于抽象名词，句子成分完整，应该使用that引导同位语从句．22．are licensed：考察固定搭配：be licensed to do sth．被许可做某事；license sb．to do sth．许可某人做某事．23．the best：考察语义，what后从句作on的宾语从句，句意：护士会尽量去做出一切能够对病人最有益的护理措施．最高级在good出现时考察较多，常见有：尽最大能力去做某事；做出最好的决定等．24．to question：考察固定搭配．have a responsibility to do sth．25．with：考察介词和语义．"护士不是一份朝九晚五的工作并且也不是每周末都能够休息．"off：离开，不工作，with 在这里可以理解为"有"．26．before/when：考察状语从句．根据语义"所有护士在入职之前都能够意识到这一点（工作辛苦）．"判断出是时间状语从句，用相应的连接词．27．which：考查定语从句．"身心上的压力发生往往是因为…"，The emotional and physical stress 作为先行词，指物，从句缺少主语，而however作为插入语在从句中不做成分，不构成非限，因此that和which都可以，但是为了更加精确，建议给学生提供which这个答案．28．except：考察语义．"工作时间扰乱我们的个人生活以及饮食和作息时间，把我们和所有事情都隔绝，除了与工作有关的朋友和活动．"29．trying：考察固定搭配．give up doing 放弃做某事，应该跟动名词形式，故答案为trying．30．predicted：考察固定搭配．as predicted像预期的那样，此类搭配还有：as excepted．【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2．（10分）（2017秋•浦东新区校级月考）"That which does not kill us makes us stronger．"But parents can't handle it when teenagers put this（31）G into practice．And now technology has become the new field for the age﹣old battle between adults and their freedom﹣craving kids．Locked indoors，unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends，teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to （32）J with their friends．What they do online often mirrors what they might otherwise do if their mobility wasn't so （33）F limited in the age of helicopter parenting．Social media and smart phones apps have become so popular in recent years．Teens want the freedom to explore their（34）H and the world around them，so they jump online．As teens have moved online，parents have projected their（35）E onto the Internet，imagining all the potential dangers that youth might face﹣﹣﹣from violent strangers to cruel peers．Rather than helping teens develop strategies for discussing public life and the potential risks of interacting with others，fearful parents have focused on tracking，monitoring and （36）A．These don't help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations，assess risks and get help when they're in trouble．It gradually weakens the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology﹣soaked world．The key to helping youth handle（37）C life isn't more restrictions．It's freedom ﹣plus communication．Famed urban theorist Jane Jacobs used to argue that thesafest neighborhoods were those where communities （38）B took interest in and paid attention to what happened on the streets．Safety didn't come from keeping everyone indoors but from a （39）K to watch out for one another．The same is true online．Teens need the freedom to wander the （40）D street，but they also need to know that caring adults are behind them and supporting them wherever they go．【考点】N8：选词填空．【分析】本文主要介绍了青少年由于受到父母过多的保护而不得不在网络或智能手机中寻找属于自己的空间，由此呼吁父母不要给孩子们太多限制，从而将孩子锁在房子中，而应该将孩子从房中放出去，多做些户外活动以使他们找到自我归属感和只属于自己的空间，从而从外界学到更多的知识．除此之外，父母也要给孩子自己应对网络风险的机会．【解答】31．G 32．J 33．F 34．H 35．E 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．K 40．D31．G 考查逻辑推理31空前有代词this，并且指开头那句"灭不掉我的是我强大．"，判断出此处应是名词，最合适的是G"哲理"．32．J 考查逻辑推理"由于被锁在家中，与他人交往受限，所以青少年倾向于用手机和他们的朋友…"判断出32空应是动词并且为原型，因此只有J合适"与…交往；社交"．33．F 考查逻辑推理so+a．/adv 表示太…，后面的limited是动词，因此此处缺少副词，根据句意"青少年的活动受到望子成龙父母的极大限制"，强调的是一种程度，因此F更合适．34．H 考查句意理解根据34后and 判断出链接两个并列的成分，the world 是名词，所以34可以断定缺少名词，待选项H，I，K，根据句意"青少年渴望拥有自由去探索自己是什么样的一种身份以及周围的环境"，因此选H．35．E 考查句意理解根据project their_____，their是形容词性物主代词，初步判定后面缺少名词，又结合后半句"父母会设想孩子们在网络中会遇到的危险"，这是一种恐惧心理，所以选择E．36．A 考查句意理解and连接并列结构，and前词意"跟踪、监控"，所以此处也应该补充一个同类型的词，只有A合适，"有这些恐惧心理的家长会跟踪，监控并且阻止孩子（使用网络）"．37． C 考查句意理解"处理________生活"，判断出缺少形容词，因此用C现代生活．38． B 考查句意理解"最安全的社区是那种有着共同的兴趣并且随时关注街道的情况的地方"，took是动词，要用副词来修饰．39．K 考查逻辑推理"a___"横线应用名词，又"not…but…"表示前后相反，"安全不是把每个人关在房间里而是自觉互相留意的一种意愿"．40．D 考查逻辑推理"青少年需要有点自由在____街道上闲游"，通篇讲孩子将自己沉浸在网络中，因此这里用与之相关的词digital，数码的，数字的．【点评】任务型阅读不仅要求学生有良好的阅读理解能力，还要求学生对词汇语法有全面的把握，所以在这道题型上要拿到高分是不轻易的，而且还要在基本工扎实的基础上具备一定的解题技巧．1．看清要求：所填单词的词数及词的来源（是否可用文中单词）2．浏览表格：通过表格展示的信息了解文章结构和所填空格的相关信息．3．阅读全文：概括文章大意，注重名称、数字和年代，有利于快速定位信息源，同时划出与所填内容相关的信息，圈出要害词（组），便于复查时节省时间．4．变化词形：这一步很要害，多数学生轻易在这里因考虑不全面而出错．变化时要注重以下几点：名词：留意可不可数及单复数动词：留意是谓语动词还是非谓语的用法，谓语动词要注意时态和语态以及第三人称，非谓语要注意在句中所做成分和动作发生的先后以及和逻辑主语的关系（主动还是被动）形容词和副词：注意比较级和最高级的变化连词：注意文间的逻辑关系5．另外，今年的任务型阅读已经不仅仅是在词形上进行变化，更多的是句与句的转换甚至是对整段的总结，所以学生要从句子和段落的意思上去分析，切不可只盯着个别词的转换．6．复查：通读表格，确保表格的语意和语法都准确，句首单词首字母要大写，。

建平中学2018届高三第一学期期中考试高三英语试题命题人：高三英语备课组审题人：高三英语备课组说明：（1）本场考试时间120分钟，总分140分；（2）请认真答卷，并用规范字书写。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It was moving. B. It was boring.C. It was interesting than TV programs.D. It was horrible.2. A. 85 dollars. B. 55 dollars. C. 80 dollars. D. 70 dollars.3. A. Her doctor. B. Her husband. C. Her boss. D. Her secretary.4. A. At the luggage claim area. B. At the boarding gate.C. At the reception desk.D. At the Customs.5. A. The library is generally locked on Friday afternoon.B. Something unusual happened in the library on Friday.C. The library is open to readers every day.D. Everyone can enter the library easily now.6. A. He came to the meeting. B. He planned the meeting.C. He had no idea about the meeting.D. He hasn’t come to the meeting yet.7. A. Jewels. B. Books. C. Shaver. D. Souvenirs.8. A. Buy a new motorcycle.B. Buy a second motorcycle.C. Save money for a new motorcycle.D. A new motorcycle can run faster than a used one.9. A. In the apartment. B. On the phone.C. At the real estate agency.D. Out of the apartment.10. A. Alex works very hard.B. Alex’s pay will be raised next month.C. The woman is unhappy about Alex’s salary.D. Alex will get 3,100 dollars next month.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Toothbrush. B. Wood. C. Peg. D. Metal.12. A. Because they could make beautiful keys.B. Because they wore some of their keys as rings.C. Because they designed locks and keys that were better at preventing thieves.D. Because they were invited by kings to design castle keys.13. A. By using smartphone apps. B. By using traditional metal keys.C. By using electronic keycards.D. By facial recognition.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Kind and generous people. B. Residents of Delhi.C. Low-income citizens.D. Film fans.15. A. They lacked poetic creativity to put their feelings into words.B. They lived under such heavy pressure that they didn’t feel like writing at all.C. The idea of writing poems frightened them and made them lose themselves.D. They didn’t have the chance to confidently bring their poetic talent into play.16. A. They make migrant workers feel warm in a hustle and bustle world.B. They warm cold-hearted people up in the big world.C. They brighten the ordinary people up in the cold winter.D. They happen in over-populated cities with many poor citizens.Section CDirections:In section C, you will hear one longer conversation, and you will be asked four questions on it. The conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 17 and 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Who to be invited to the farewell party.B. Gary’s farewell party.C. What to be done at the farewell party.D. Sending invitations to the farewell party.18. A. Oct. 21st. B. Oct. 28th. C. Oct. 25th. D. Oct. 26th.19. A. A book. B. Flowers. C. Dictionaries. D. A football.20. A. Gary. B. The class teacher. C. The classmates. D. The headmaster.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.To have a fruitful discussion, teachers need to decide what seating arrangement is best for their own class and be prepared to experiment with different methods. (21)__________ method is adopted, it should help and be productive of dialogue between children as well as between teacher and child. Within the physical setting children and teachers should agree(22)________ a discussiontakes place.Why are rules necessary for discussion? This may be a question to ask the children. If children are given freedom to talk, why are there rules that will restrict that freedom? The golden rule is of course that one’s own freedom (23)_______ not interfere with the freedom of others. Individuals within a democratic community have equal rights. A child who talks all the time (24)_________(deny) the rights of others to be heard. Each person should be allowed an equal chance to speak and to put forward their own point of view and if we wish (25)_________(listen) to, then we should listen to others. There is no point giving a point of view (26)_________ someone is listening. (27)_________ of us are capable of listening to more than one person at a time, so another basic rule should be: only one person to speak at a time. Listening implies not only hearing the words but paying attention to the meaning of (28)___________ is being said. This is not a natural thing for children to do. School is typically a place where children learn to listen to the teacher but not to each other. The skills of listening need to be practiced. The ideal discussion, (29)________ _________ everyone listens to the speaker and then each is allowed to reply, is rare among adults, let alone children. It works (30)_______(well) when certain ground-rules for discussion are followed.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most people get sweaty palms just staring at El Capitan, a breathtaking rock formation in Yosemite National Park, California. Alex Honnold’s stayed dry. And this June, he managed to climb the 900-meter vertical wall, pulling on edges barely big enough for ___31___.Honnold could not ___32___ any slips. That's because he carried nothing other than a bag of gymnasts’ chalk, to keep his fingers free of moisture. There was no rope to ___33___ him if he fell. After a four-hour ___34___ of power and precision, the 31-year-old safely challenged himself.El Capitan had been climbed ___35___ before, including by Honnold, but never in the way he has. In 2011, an American TV show about his earlier “free solos” drew seventeen million viewers. In climbing, “free” means using nothing but rocks for support. “Solo” means free of protection. It is the sport at its ___36___. In Yosemite, the birthplace of American climbing, Hannold has reached its peak. Praise from fellow climbers was ___37___ only by relief at his safe return.The achievement marks the latest in a series of milestones for sport climbing（竞技攀岩）. In 2015, two other Americans Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson, established a route up the Dawn Wall, El Capitan’s ___38___ part, after years of attempts. They made the front page of the New York Times and got congratulations from Barack Obama for the achievement. Last year, sport climbing was ___39___ accepted into the Olympic program for Tokyo 2020.These have strengthened climbing’s position in the sporting circle in America and elsewhere. Google has invited Jorgeson to give a motivational talk to its employees. Climbing gyms have appeared around the globe over the past decade, making the event safer and more ___40___ to ordinary people. The gyms have been particularly popular among youngsters, who pay more attention to experiences than to belongings.III. Reading Comprehension（45分）Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.At a certain age, you may feel as if you’re still at life’s beginning yet also disturbingly close to the ___41___. You feel keenly that there’s much left to do. You were going to win an Oscar, pick up a Nobel Prize in physics and get elected president, ___42___ you haven’t even gotten around to auditioning（试镜）for a film, taking a university physics ___43___ or brushing up on your politics.It’s almost enough to make you want to live forever. But then isn’t the real goal a life hugely increased not so much in ___44___ as in width? A life during which it’s ___45___ to pursue every one of a wide range of coexistent possibilities?It’s true. If you were immortal（永生的）, you might eventually get to be a philosopher and a cantor and an actor and a psychoanalyst and a novelist. But don’t forget: over the vastly extended period, life would certainly not cease exposing you to still further of ___46___. When you finally entered psychoanalytic training in 2100, you’d have to give up any number of other new possibilities that might at that instant ___47___ themselves, such as joining an “expedition to Alpha Centauri, or learning to create art with the previously ___48___ colors recently made visible on the spectrum. You might have crossed one possibility off our list, but you’d have ___49___ three more. Hundreds of years in, you’d still feel as though you’d ___50___ moved beyond the opening stages of what life has to offer.Many activities you once loved, meanwhile, would fall out of fashion or out of reach. As an aging mortal, your knees might make it tough to run a marathon, causing you to ___51___ all the healthy racers. As permanently youthful immortal, ___52___, you might remain fit to run marathons over the centuries. But perhaps the beloved urban races of your youth would have long since disappeared and been ___53___ because of impossibly hot global temperatures and the fact that future civilizations find interplanetary relays far more ___54___. All of the things you once did have shelf lives. The longer you live, the more of them die, increasing the weight of the time that has flowed through your fingers.Many of us 60- and 70-somethings will remember George Burns’ quip goes: old age isn’t great but it sure beats the alternative. There’s also truth to the reverse. ___55___ isn’t great, but it sure beats the alternative.41. A. end B. interval C. milestone D. next42. A. but B. though C. since D. whereas43. A. prize B. exam C. principle D. course44. A. depth B. height C. length D. weight45. A. enjoyable B. necessary C. impracticable D. possible46. A. choices B. lessons C. challenges D. disturbances47. A. exclude B. face C. present D. ignore48. A. unattractive B. pale C. unimaginable D. unique49. A. added B. tried C. created D. identified50. A. actually B. hardly C. significantly D. vaguely51. A. encourage B. follow C. envy D. imitate52. A. by contrast B. as a result C. for instance D. in addition53. A. banned B. restored C. suspended D. feared54. A. time-saving B. exciting C. comfortable D. economical55. A. Future B. Youth C. Death D. ImmortalitySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Notices have been put up here and there in the village for the last fortnight announcing a meeting to discuss the yearly Flower Show, which has not been held in Fairacre for a number of years. Before I became the village schoolmistress here, the Flower Show appears to have been an event of some importance and people came from miles around to enjoy a day at Fairacre.I decided to go to the meeting, as the children in my school, I knew, used to play quite a large part in this village excitement and there were a number of special competitions, such as collecting wild flowers, making dolls’ house decorations or little gardens and so on, included in the program.It was a freezing, starlit night. By the time I arrived at the Village Hall, there were about ten people already there. The doctor was chairman of the meeting. A few men were warming their hands over the rather smoky oil stove, which was trying, somewhat inefficiently, to warm the room. The meeting was called for seven thirty---a most inconvenient time in my private opinion as it successfully upsets the evening and puts back the time of one’s evening meal. By a quarter to eight, only fifteen people had arrived.“I think we must begin,” the doctor said, turning his gentle smile upon us. He gave a short speech about the past glories of Fairarce’s Flower Show and his hopes that it might take place again. “Perhaps someone would put forward the suggestion that the Flower Show be restarted?” he suggested. There was a heavy silence, broken only by the movement of feet from the bench at the back. All fifteen of us , I noticed, were middle-aged. John Pringle, Mrs. Pringle’s only child, must have been the youngest among us and he is a man of nearly thirty. It was John who, at last, shyly answered the doctor’s request.“I’ll do it,” he said. “Propose we have a Flower Show then.” He sat down, pink and self-conscious, and the doctor thanked him sincerely. “Is there anybody else who agrees with this proposal?” Again that painful silence. It seemed as though we sat in a dream.“I’ll do it,” I said, when I could stand the waiting no longer. “Good! Good!” said the doctor cheerfully. “Let’s take a vote here then.” All fifteen raised their hands doubtfully. To look at our faces an outsider might reasonably have thought we were having the choice of hanging or the electric chair.56. What is the purpose of the meeting?A. To make arrangements for the next Flower Show.B. To get people’s ideas about the next Flower Show.C. To decide whether a Flower Show would be held again.D. To find out whether people would help with the Flower Show.57. What was the reason for the author’s attendance?A. The school children had always taken part in the Flower Show.B. She wanted to find out what the children could do to help.C. She wanted to know what special lessons to give the children.D. The school children might do more work in the school garden.58. Why did the author declare her support for Mr. Pringle’s proposal?A. It had become fairly clear that nobody else would.B. She was in a hurry to go home.C. She was the only one really interested in the matter.D. She felt sorry for the doctor.( B )Mapping AntarcticaAntarctica was on the map long before anyone ever laideyes on it. Nearly 2,400 years ago, ancient Greek philosopherssuch as Aristotle believed that a great continent must exist at thebottom of the world. They thought it was needed to balance outthe continents at the top of the world. In the 1500s, mapmakersoften included a fanciful continent they referred to as TerraIncognita(Latin for “unknown land”) at the bottom of theirmaps. But it was not until the 1800s ---- after explorers hadsighted and set foot on Antarctica ---- that mapmakers got down to the business of really mapping the continent, which is one-and-a-half times the size of the U.S..While the coastline could be mapped by ships sailing around the continent, it took airplanes ---- and later, satellites ---- to chart Antarctica’s vast interior (内陆). That job continues today. And it is a job that can still require a mapmaker, or cartographer, to put on boots and head out into the wild.Cole Kelleher is familiar with that. He is a cartographer with the Polar Geospatial Center (PGC),which is based at the University of Minnesota and has astaff at McMurdo Station. PGC teamed up with Googleto use the company’s Trekker technology to captureimages of Antarctica for the Internet giant’s popularfeature, Street View. A Trekker camera, which is the sizeof a basketball, is set about two feet above a backpack.The camera records images in all directions. “It weighsabout 50 pounds. I was out for two and a half days,hiking 10 to 12 hours each day,” says Kelleher. It was hard work, but really an incredible experience.” According to Kelleher there are plans to use the technology to create educational apps for museums.The PGC staff at McMurdo Station provides highly specialized mapmaking services for the U.S. Antarctic Program. For one project, Kelleher used satellite images to map huge cracks in the ice. That helped a team of researchers know whether they could safely approach their field camp on snowmobiles. Another recent project was to help recover a giant, high-tech helium (氦气) balloon used to carry scientific instruments high into the atmosphere. These balloons are launched in Antarctica because there is no danger that they will hurt anyone when they fall back down to Earth. Using satellite images, Kelleher and colleagues created maps of where the balloon could be found.Antarctica may no longer be Terra Incognita, but it still holds countless mysteries. Cartographers and the maps they make will continue to be essential in helping scientists unlock those secrets.59. From the passage, we can infer that Antarctic was on the map in the 1500s when ______.A. mapmakers knew it was much larger than the U.S.B. Aristotle named the continent Terra IncognitaC. no one had ever seen or been to the continentD. it was such an interesting continent as was often referred to60. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. It needs much work for the mapmakers to head out into the wild.B. The interior can only be mapped by planes and satellites.C. It is relatively easy to map Antarctica’s coastline by ship.D. Antarctic is a vast but still mysterious continent.61. The Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) works with Google initially ______.A. to capture images of Antarctica for Street ViewB. to test the company’s Trekker technologyC. to create educational apps for museumsD. to hike for an incredible experience62. The fourth paragraph mainly talks about ______.A. satellite images which are used to map huge cracks in the iceB. a high-tech helium balloon for carrying scientific instrumentsC. how to safely approach the researchers’ field camp and the balloonD. the specialized mapmaking services provided by the PGC staff(C)A therapy-animal trend attracts the United States. The San Francisco airport uses a pig to calm tired travelers. Universities nationwide bring dogs (and a donkey) onto campus to relieve students during finals. And that duck on a plane? It might be an emotional-support animal prescribed by a mental health professional.The trend, which has been gaining popularity hugely since its initial stirrings a few decades ago, is strengthened by a widespread belief that interaction with animals can reduce distress---whether it happens over brief physical contact at the airport or in long-term relationships at home. Certainly the groups offering up pets think so, as do some mental health professionals. But the popular embrace of pets as furry therapists is causing growing discomfort among some researchers in the field, who say it has raced far ahead of scientific evidence.Earlier this year in the Journal of Applied Developmental Science, an introduction to articles on “animal-assisted intervention” said research into its effectiveness “remains in its infancy.”A recent literature review by Molly Crossman, a Yale University doctoral candidate who recently wrapped up one study involving an 8-year-old dog named Pardner, cited a “vague body of evidence” that sometimes has shown positive short-term effects, often found no effect and occasionally identified higher rates of distress.Overall, Crossman wrote, animals seem to be helpful in a “small-to-medium” way, but it’s unclear whether the animals deserve the credit or something else is at play.“It’s a field that has been sort of carried forward by the beliefs of practitioners” who have seen patients’ mental health improve after working with or adopting animals, said James Serpell, director of the Centre for the Interaction of Animals and Society at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine. “That kind of thing has almost driven the field, and the research is playingcatch-up . In other words, people are recognizing that stories aren’t enough.”Using animals in mental health setting is nothing new. In the 17th century, a Quaker-run retreat in England encouraged mentally ill patients to interact with animals on its grounds. Sigmund Freud often included one of his dogs in psychoanalysis sessions. Yet the subject did not become a research target until the American psychologist Boris Levinson began writing in the 1960s about the positive effect his dog Jingles had on patients.But the evidence to date is problematic, according to Crossman’s review and others before it. Most studies had small sample sizes, she wrote, and an “ alarming number” did not control for other possible reasons for a changed stress level, such as interaction with the animal’s human handler. Studies also tend to generalize across animals, she noted. If participants are measurably relieved by one golden retriever, that doesn’t mean another dog---or another species—will arouse the same response.63. According to the passage, what makes the therapy-animal trend more popular?A. It has been in existence for no less than twenty years.B. Mental health professionals have managed to cure patients with animals.C. It is widely assumed that staying with animals can make people happier.D. There is much related research to show that animals do good to some patients.64.Molly Crossman is quoted in the passage to_______.A. illustrate more scientific evidence is needed that animals are effective therapists.B. highlight the importance of practitioners’ beliefs in the field of animal therapiesC. question Srepell’s view that animals deserve the credit in helping patients.D. criticize people for their taking human-animal stories too seriously65. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Animal-assisted intervention turns out to be of more use than people think.B. It is hard to see how many reasons there are for people to benefit from animals.C. Research findings relating to one breed of dogs may not apply to another breed.D. Small sample sizes can sometimes produce reliable effects in human-animal studies.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. More evidence found for dog-human relationshipB. Potential effects dogs have on patientsC. Therapeutic animal: nothing newD. Good dog, good therapist?Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Acid rain is now a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe. Harmful gases like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are produced by power stations and cars. 67 Acid rain is also capable of dissolving some rocks and buildings made of soft rock, such as limestone, are particularly badly affected. The acid rain attacks the rock, and so carvings and statues are worn away more quickly.68 According to a report in the New Scientist, acid rain is being blamed for the rapid decay of ancient ruins in Mexico. The old limestone buildings in places like Chichen Itza, Tulum and Palenque are wearing away very quickly indeed. These sites are the remains of the buildings built by the Mayas between 250 BC and AD900, and the spectacular ruins of Mayan civilization are visited by thousands of tourists every year.The acid rain is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of dissolving reduced. 69Mexico’s current lack of funds is also partly due to oil. The country has rich oil fields and a few years ago, when oil was expensive, Mexico was selling large quantities of oil to the USA and earning a lot of money. The government was therefore able to borrow huge sums of money from banks around the world, thinking they would have no problem repaying their debts. However, the price of oil then dropped, and Mexico has been left owing enormous sums of money and with not enough income from oil sales to pay back the loans. 70IV. Summary writingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Ellie is a psychologist, and a good one at that. Smile in a certain way, and she knows precisely what your smile means. She listens to what you say, processes every word, works out the meaning of your pitch, your tone, your posture, everything. She is at the top of her game but, according to a new study, her greatest advantage is that she is not human.When faced with tough or potentially embarrassing questions, people often do not tell doctors what they need to hear. Yet the researchers behind Ellie, led by Jonathan Gratch at the Institute for Creative Technologies, in Los Angeles, suspected from their years of monitoring human interactions with computers that people might be more willing to talk if presented with an avatar, that is, a virtual figure. To test this idea, they put 239 people in front of Ellie to have a chat with her about their lives. Half were told (truthfully) they would be interacting with an artificially intelligent virtual human (AIVH); the others were told (falsely) that Ellie was a bit like puppet, and was having her strings pulled remotely by a person.Dr. Gratch and his colleagues report that, though every participant interacted with the same avatar, their experiences differed markedly based on what they believed they were dealing with. Those who thought Ellie was under the control of a human operator reported greater fear of disclosing personal information, and said they managed more carefully what they expressed during the session, than did those who believed they were simply interacting with a computer.V. Translation（15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words in the brackets.1. 二个月后他才适应了国外的生活。

2017～2018学年第一学期高三期中调研试卷听力原文Text 1M: Did you rent that club for the party this April?W: No, it was already booked through the end of the month.M: Well, maybe you can get it for the next party in August.Text 2W: I’m so happy to see you back to work again. Three weeks is a long time.M: I really had a good time seeing all the sights. There’s nothing like taking it easy once a year.Text 3M: How long does the flight take? It’s a direct flight, isn’t it?W: No. The travelling time is nine and a half hours. You arrive in Tokyo just after 11:00 a.m. local time.Your connecting flight to Shanghai is two hours later.Text 4M: I seriously doubt I can finish that report before the week is out.W: I don’t know what makes you so sure. Actually, Bill did his in half that time.Text 5W: Have you heard that scientists have finished part of the genetic map?M: What’s that for?W: If humans have the total genetic map, we will hold the power of God. We will be able to save a lot of wildlife.Text 6W: I enjoy going through a secondhand book store, so I’ve lots of secondhand books in my study. It’s interesting to see what people used to enjoy reading. Did you see this old book of children’s stories? M: Some of these books aren’t so old, though … See? This mystery was published only six years ago. It cost seventy-five cents. You can’t beat that.W: Hey! Look at this!M: What? Are you getting interested in nineteenth-century poetry all of a sudden?W: No. Look at the inscription! Someone gave this book as a present, and wrote a note on the inside of the front cover. It’s dated 1893. Maybe it’s worth something.M: Everything on that shelf is worth fifty cents.W: But if this is a signature of someone who is well known, it might bring a lot more. I hear William Shakespeare’s signature is worth about a million dollars.Text 7W: Good evening. What can I do for you?M: I wonder… I’m looking for a Mr. and Mrs. Sallies’. Some friends told me to visit them.W: Oh, really? What friends?M: Mary and Edward Rolls.W: Oh, Mary and Edward… but it is a bit late. Why didn’t you drop in earlier?M: I missed the train.W: Really. That was a bit careless, wasn’t it? Well, I suppose you’d better come in. I’m Barbara. And this is my husband, Harry Sallies. Well, what’s your name?M: Bridges, John Bridges.W: And you know Mary and Edward?M: Yes, very well. I’ve known them for years. I’m sorry it’s so late. It’s really unforgivable.W: How are Mary and Edward?M: Oh, very well. They sent you their best wishes.Text 8W: Excuse me, I’ve just moved here. Would you be able to give me some information about the night ride?M: The shuttle bus? I sure can.W: Great. When does it run?M: Let me think… The schedule has changed sin ce last year, so it runs from 8:00 p.m. until 11:45 p.m. W: Is there a fixed schedule? Is that going to change in winter?M: No, that’s the schedule for the fall, winter and spring. Since it’s only for the students, it runs on a less frequent schedule in s ummer since there aren’t many students attending classes.W: I see. So, now it runs Mondays through Fridays, right?M: No. The night ride only runs on Sundays through Thursdays.W: Sundays, too? That’s great.M: But not Fridays.W: I won’t need it Fridays.That’s when I review my lecture notes. I can do it at home. So, through the week, can I catch the night ride to the library? I usually study at the library.Text 9Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. May I have your attention, please? I’m sorry to have to tell you that the police have asked us to take everyone away from this building as quickly as possible. A shopping bag possibly containing an explosive device has been found in one of the dressing rooms at the back stage. Experts are on their way to examine it. We ask you to leave it in a quiet and orderly fashion. There is absolutely no need for panic. Please make your way out by Exit One. Cross over the road and wait outside the supermarket next to King Hotel. Leave your seats row by row as directed by our attendants and give any assistance necessary to elderly and disabled people. If you have children with you, make sure you are not separated from them. Hold small children firmly by the hand. If you forget anything, please don’t try to come back for it. This will cause only unnecessary confusion and delay. If you see anything strange, do not touch it and inform one of our attendants as you leave. Please put out the cigarettes. We rely on your cooperation and hope you will be able to return to your seats shortly and enjoy the last act of the play.参考答案第一部分听力理解(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1. C2. B3. A4. C5. A6. C7. A8. B9. C 10. A11. B 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B第二部分英语知识运用(共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分)第一节单项选择16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C第二节完形填空31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. C41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. B 57. D 58. A 59. C 60. D61. A 62. C 63. D 64. B 65. C第四部分词汇检测(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)66. fundamental 67. object 68. separation 69. divorced 70. frequently第五部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)71. harmful 72. adding 73. purchasing/buying 74. intentionally/deliberately 75. certain 76. Types/ Kinds/Examples 77. preservation 78. react 79. causing 80. sweeter第六部分书面表达(满分25分)One possible version:Prevention Is Better Than TreatmentAs is vividly shown in Picture 1, the computer is releasing all kinds of information, of which false information and online rumors are a part, making it hard for people to distinguish between the true and false information. While in Picture 2, a pair of scissors is firmly cutting the long tongue of the online rumors.The message the pictures convey is clear — Online rumors are so powerful that they have caused negative influences to the social order and people’s daily lives. When false information gets released, it will cause great harm and loss as well. And the serious consequences will have been made even if we finally succeed in fighting against the online rumors.As far as I’m concerned, rather than try hard to remove the online rumors, we should ban the false information before it comes out. Preventing the online rumors from spreading should be a top priority. After all, prevention is better than treatment. (150 words)书面表达评分细则一、评分细则1. 本题总分25分，按5个档次给分。

2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三上学期英语10月月考卷2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三上学期英语10月月考卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Kazuo Ishiguro, who won this year’s Nobel Prize in Literature, has a number of strings to his bow, or rather his guitar. The 62-year-old is world famous as a writer of fiction, but his early dream was to be a great singer and songwriter, like last year’s winner, Bob Dylan.His friend and former publisher Robert McCrum recalls the young Ishiguro (21)_____ (turn) up at the publishing house Faber and Faber with a bunch of his stories in one hand and a guitar over his shoulder. It was his stories (22)_____ earned him the great honor he received two weeks ago. (23)_____ his name indicates, Ishiguro comes from a Japanese background, although he came to Britain from Japan at the age of 5 and is a British citizen who writes in English. He (24)_____ (educate) at the University of East Anglia, a school that has become known for training writers.Ishiguro’s writing is highly restrained. His characters are often reluctant to express (25)_____, except in a kind of code. This certainly gives his writing a quality in common with that of JaneAusten, an author to (26)_____ he is often compared. The best example of this is his novel The Remains of the Day, which later became a successful film.The central character of the book is a butler called Stevens. He is an extremely loyal servant to an English lord, and is a character who some might call repressed. He misses out on affection and love (27)_____ he will not confess his feelings to anyone.The story is told by Stevens, and his style is as polite and unrevealing as his behavior. Of course, we (28)_____ _____ read between the lines to uncover the “real” story, which isn’t quite the one the butler is telling. Stevens finds it a challenge (29)_____ (communicate), and communication is often a theme in Ishiguro’s novels.In this author’s sense of th e world, there is a gap between our feelings and our ability to communicate them. The Nobel Committee emphasized this theme (30)_____ it talked about Ishiguro’s work. The writer has, the committee claimed, “in novels of great em otional force ... uncovered the abyss beneath our illusory sense of connection with the world”.【答案】21. turning 22. that 23. As 24. was educated 25. themselves26. whom 27. because 28. have to 29. to communicate 30. when【解析】21. 考查非谓语。

2018届高三上学期期中英语试卷（带答案）一、单项填空（共spirit (志趣相同的) tree But that week I was 30 After that busy week, I still didn’t take any action Every time I drove by the tree I would 31 myself, “Tomorrow, I’ll stop tomorroto take one” Then one day, as I 32 by “my” tree, I glanced over, and much to my 33 found a sawed-off stump (树桩) where that symbolic tree had stood Gone I had 34 my plan until “tomorrow” and tomorroproved to be too 35A picture of a tree is not of great 36 But my lesson rang through clearly 37 I found out one of my colleagues had been 38 with stage-four cancer He may no longer have many 39What have you been putting off? What would you do today if you kneyou would 40 have the opportunity to do it again? Why not do those things that you have been putting off until tomorrow?21A paid B fixedC caught D escaped22A damageB influenceC experience D defeat23A folloB designC changeD imagine24A applyingB learningC happeningD attempting25A symbol B signal C signD shelter26A interestedB satisfied C encouraged D educated27A as ifB even though C in case D if only28A direction B plan C habit D purpose29A glance B vieC picture D knowledge30A busy B free C worried D bored31A callB help C tell D see32A wanderedB drove C rodeD ran33A happinessB pleasure C regret D surprise。