英语二

2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)真题(科目代码：204)Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Your social life is defined as the activities you do with other people, for pleasure, when you are not working. It is important to have a social life, but what is right for one person won’t be right for another. Some of us feel energized by spending lots of time with others, 1 of us may feel drained, even if it’s doing something we enjoy.This is why finding a 2 in your social life is key. Spending too much time on your own, not 3 others, can make you feel lonely and 4 . Loneliness is known to impact on your mental health and 5 a low mood. Anyone can feel lonely at any time. This might be especially true if 6 you are working from home and you are 7 on the social conversation that happen in the office. Other life changes also 8 periods of loneliness too, such as retirement, changing a job or becoming a parent.It’s important to recognize feelings or loneliness. There are ways to 9 a social life. But it is overwhelming 10 . You can then find groups aimed at new parents, at those who want to 12 a new sport for the first time or networking events for those in the same profession to meet up and 13 ideas.On the other hand, it is 14 possible to have too much of a social life. If youfeel like you’re always doing something and there is never any 15 in your calendar for downtime, you could suffer social burnout or social 16 . We all have our own social limit and it’s important to recognize when you’re feeling like it’s all too much. Low mood, low energy, irritability and trouble sleeping could all be 17 of poor social health. Make sure you 18 sometime in your diary when you’re19 for socializing and use this time to relax, 20 and recover.1.[A]because[B]unless[C]whereas[D]until2.[A]contrast[B]balance[C]link[D]gap3.[A]seeing[B]pleasing[C]judging[D]teaching4.[A]misguided[B]surprised[C]spoiled[D]disconnected5.[A]contribute to[B]rely on[C]interfere with[D]go against6.[A]in fact[B]of course[C]for example[D]on average7.[A]cutting back[B]missing out[C]breaking in[D]looking down8.[A]shorten[B]trigger[C]follow[D]interrupt9.[A]assess[B]interpret[C]provide[D]regain10.[A]at first[B]in turn[C]on time[D]by change11.[A]far-sighted[B]strong-willed[C]kind-hearted[D]like-minded12.[A]try[B]promote[C]watch[D]describe13.[A]test[B]share[C]accept[D]revise14.[A]already[B]thus[C]then[D]only15.[A]visit[B]order[C]space[D]boundary16.[A]fatigue[B]criticism[C]injustice[D]dilemma17.[A]sources[B]standards[C]signs[D]scores18.[A]take over[B]wipe off[C]add up[D]mark out19.[A]ungrateful[B]unavailable[C]responsible[D]regretful20.[A]react[B]repeat[C]return[D]restSection Ⅰ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A，B，C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Anger over AI’s role in exacerbating inequality could endanger the technology’s future. In her new book Cogs and Monsters: What Economics Is, and What It Should Be, Diane Coyle, an economist at Cambridge University, argues that the digital economy requires new ways of thinking about progress.“Whatever we mean by the economy growing, by things getting better, the gains will have to be more evenly shared than in the recent past,”she writes.“An economy of tech millionaires or billionaires and gig workers, with middle-income jobs undercut by automation, will not be politically sustainable.”Improving living standards and increasing prosperity for more people will require greater use of digital technologies to boost productivity in various sectors, including healthcare and construction, says Coyle. But people can’t be expected to embrace the changes if they’re not seeing the benefits——if they’re just seeing good jobs being destroyed.In a recent interview with MIT Technology Review, Coyle said she fears that tech’s inequality problem could be a roadblock to deploying AI.“We’re talking about disruption,”she says.“These are transformative technologies that change the ways we spend our time every day, that change business models that succeed.”To make such“tremendous changes,”she adds, you need social buy-in. Instead, says Coyle, resentment is simmering among many as the benefits are perceived to go to elites in a harmful of prosperous cities.According to the Booking Institution, a short list of eight American cities thatincluded San Francisco, San Jose, Boston, and Seattle had roughly 38% of all tech jobs by 2019. New AI technologies are particularly concentrated: Brookings’s Mark Muro and Sifan Liu estimate that just 15 cities account for two-thirds of the AI assets and capabilities in the United States(San Francisco and San Jose along account for about one-quarter).The dominance of a few cities in the invention and commercialization of AI means that geographical disparities in wealth will continue to soar. Not only will this foster political and social unrest, but it could, as Coyle suggests, hold back the sorts of AI technologies needed for regional economies to grow.Part of the solution could lie in somehow loosening the stranglehold that Big Tech has on defining the AI agenda. That will likely take increased federal funding for research independent of the tech giants. Muro and others have suggested hefty federal funding to help create US regional innovation centers, for example.A more immediate response is to broaden our digital imagination to conceive ofAI technologies that don’t simply replace jobs but expand opportunities in the sectors that different parts of the country care most about, like healthcare, education and manufacturing.21.Coyle argues that economic growth should .[A]give rise to innovations[B]diversify career choices[C]benefit people equally[D]be promoted forcefully22.According to Paragraph 2, digital technologies should be used to .[A]bring about instant prosperity[B]reduce people’s workload[C]raise overall work efficiency[D]enhance cross-sector cooperation23.What does Coyle fear about transformative technologies ?[A]They may affect work-life balance.[B]They may be impractical to deploy.[C]They may incur huge expenditure.[D]They may be unwelcome to public.24.Several American cities are mentioned to show .[A]the uneven distribution of AI technology in the US[B]the disappointing prospect of jobs in the US[C]the fast progress of US regional economies[D]the increasing significance of US AI assets25.With regard to concern, the author suggests .[A]raising funds to start new AI projects[B]encourage collaboration in AI research[C]guarding against side effects of AI[D]redefining the role of AI technologiesText 2The UK is facing a future construction crisis because of a failure to plant trees to produce wood. Confor has warned. The forestry and wood trade body has called for urgent action to reduce the country’s reliance on timber imports and provide a stable supply of wood for future generations. Currently only 20 percent of the UK’s wood requirement is home-grown while it remains the second-largest net importer of timber in the wood.Coming at a time of fresh incentives from the UK government for landowners to grow more tress, the trade body says these don’t go far enough and fail to promote the benefits of planting them to boost timber supplies.“Not only are we facing a carbon crisis now, but we will also be facing a future construction crisis because of a failure to plant trees to produce wood.”said Stuart Goodall, chief executive of confor. For decades we have not taken responsibility for investing in domestic wood supply, leaving us exposed to fluctuating prices and fighting for future supplies of wood as global demand rises and own supplies fall.The UK has ideal conditions for growing wood to build low-carbon homes and is a global leader in certifying that its forests are sustainably managed. Confor says.While around three quarters of Scottish homes are built from Scottish timber, the useof home-grown wood in England is only around 25 percent. The causes of the UK’s current position are complex and range from outdated perceptions of productive forestry to decimation of tress y gray squirrels. It also encompasses significant hesitation on behalf of farmers and other landowners to invest in longer too planting projects.While productive tree planting can deliver financial benefits to rural economies and contribute to the UK’s net-zero strategy, the focus of government support continues to be on food production and rewilding and planting of native woodland solely for biodiversity. Goodall added:“While food production and biodiversity health are clearly of critical importance, we need our land to also provide secure supplies of wood for construction, manufacturing an contribution to net-zero.”While the UK government has stated its ambition for more three planting, there has been little action on the ground. Confor is now calling for much greater impetus behind those aspirations to ensure we have enough wood to meet increasing demand.26.It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that UK need to .[A]increase its domestic wood supply[B]reduce its demand for timber[C]lower its wood production costs[D]lift its control on timber imports27.According to Confor, UK government fresh incentives .[A]can hardly address construction crisis[B]are believed to come at the wrong time[C]seem to be misleading for landowners[D]will be too costly to put into practice28.The UK exposure to fluctuating wood prices is the result of .[A]the government’s inaction on timber imports[B]inadequate investment in growing wood[C]the competition among timber traders at home[D]wood producers’ motivation to maximize profits29.Which of following causes the shortage of wood supply ?[A]Excessive timber consumption in construction[B]Unfavorable conditions for growing trees[C]Outdated technology if the wood industry[D]Farmers’ unwillingness to plan trees30.What does Goodall think US government should do ?[A]Subsidies the building of low-carbon homes[B]Pay greater attention to boosting rural economies[C]Provide more support for productive tree planting[D]Give priority to pursuing its net-zero strategyText 3One big challenge in keeping unsafe aging drivers off the the road is convincing them that it is time to turn over the key.“It is a complete life-changer when someone stops or is forced to stop driving,”said former risk manager Anne M.Menke.The American Medical Association advises physicians that in situation where clear evidence of substantial driving impairment implies a strong threat to patient and public safety, and where the physician’s advice to discontinue driving privileges is ignored, it is desirable and ethical to notify the Department of Motor Vehicles, Menke wrote,“Some states require physicians to report, others allow but do not mandate reports, while a few consider a report a breach of confidentiality. There could be liability and penalties if a physician does not act in accordance with state laws on reporting and confidentiality,”She counseled.Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are addressed piecemeal by different professions with different focuses, including gerontologists, highway administration officials, automotive engineers, and others, said gerontologist Elizabeth Dugan.“There’s not a National Institute of Older Driver Studies,”she said.“We need better evidence on what makes drivers unsafe”and whatcan help, said Dugan.One thing that does seem to work is requiring drivers to report in person for license renewal. Mandatory in-person renewal was associated with a 31 percent reduction in fatal crashes involving drivers 85 or older, according to one study.Passing vision tests also produced a similar decline in fatal crashes for those drivers, although there appeared to be no benefit from combining the two.Many old drivers don’t see eye doctors or can’t afford to. Primary care providers have their hands full and may not be able to follow through with patients who have trouble driving because they can’t turn their heads or remember where they are going or have gotten shorter and haven’t changed their seat settings sufficiently to reach car pedals easily.As long as there are other cars on the roads, self-driving cars won’t solve the problems of crashes, said Dugan. Avoiding dangers posted by all those human drivers would require too many algorithms, she said. But we need to do more to improve safety, said Dugan.“If we’re going to have 100-year lives, we need cars thata 90-year-old can drive comfortably.”31.According to Paragraph 1, keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road .[A]is a new safety measure[B]has become a disputed issue[C]can be a tough task to complete[D]will be beneficial to their health32.The American Medical Association’s advice .[A]has won support from drivers[B]is generally considered unrealistic[C]is widely dismissed as unnecessary[D]has met with different responses33.According to Dugan, efforts to keep older drivers safe .[A]have brought about big changes[B]need to be well coordinated[C]have gained public concern[D]call for relevant legal support34.Some older drivers have trouble driving because they tend to .[A]stick with bad driving habits[B]have a weakened memory[C]suffer from chronic pains[D]neglect car maintenance35.Dugan thinks that the solution to the problems of crashes may lie in .[A]upgrading self-driving vehicles[B]developing senior-friendly cars[C]renovating transport facilities[D]adjusting the age limit for driversText 4If you look at the apps on your phone, chances are you have at least one related to your health and probably several. Whether it is a mental health app, a fitness tracker, a connected health device or something else, many of us are making advantages of this technology to keep better track of our health in some shape or form. Recent research from the Organization for the the Review of Care and Health Applications found that 350,000 health apps were available on the market, 90,000 of which launched in 2020 alone.While these apps have a great deal to offer, it is not always clear how the personal information we input is collected, safeguarded, and shared online. Existing health privacy law, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, is primarily focused on the way hospitals, doctor’s offices, clinics, and insurance companies store health records online. The health information these apps and health data tracking wearable are collecting typically does not receive the same legal protections.Without additional protection in place, companies may share (and potentially monetize) personal health information in a way consumers may not have authorized or anticipated. In 2021, Flo Health faced a Federal Trade Commission (FTC) investigation. The FTC alleged in a complaint that“despite express privacy claims, the company took control of users’ sensitivity fertility data and shared it with third parties.”Flo Health and the FTC settled the matter with a company to get app users’ express affirmative consent before sharing their health information as well as to instruct the third parties to delete the data they had obtained.Section 5 of the FTC Act empowers the FTC to initiate enforcement action against unfair or deceptive acts, meaning the FTC can only act after the fact if a company’s privacy practices are misleading or cause unjustified consumer harm.While the FTC is doing what it can to ensure apps are keeping their promises to the Order requiring the consumers around the handling of their sensitive health information, the rate at which these health apps are hitting the market demonstrates just how immense of a challenge this is.As for the prospects for federal legislation, commentators suggest that comprehensive federal privacy legislation seems unlikely in the short term. States have begun implementing their own solutions to shore up protections for consumer-generated health data. California has been at the forefront of state privacy efforts with the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018. Virginia, Colorado, and Utah have also recently passed state consumer data privacy legislation.36.The research findings are cited in Paragraph 1 to show .[A]the prevalence of health apps[B]the public concern over health[C]popularity of smartphone[D]the advancement of technology37.What does the author imply about existing health privacy law ?[A]Its coverage needs to be extended[B]Its enforcement needs strengthening[C]It has discouraged medical misconduct[D]It has disappointed insurance companies38.Before sharing its users’ health information, Flo Health is required to .[A]seek the approval of the FTC[B]find qualified third parties[C]remove irrelevant personal data[D]obtain their explicit permission39.What challenges is the FTC currently faced with ?[A]The complexity of health information.[B]The rapid increase in new health apps.[C]The subtle deceptiveness of health apps.[D]The difficulty in assessing consumer harm.40.It can be learned from the last paragraph that health data protection .[A]has been embraced by health app developers[B]has been a focus of federal policy-making[C]has encouraged opposition in California[D]has gained legislative support in some statesPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)High school students eager to standout in the college application process often participate in a litany of extracurricular activities hoping to bolster their chances of admission to a selective undergraduate institution. However, college admission experts say that the quality of a college hopeful’s extracurricular activities matters more than the number of activities he or she participates in.41.Sue Rexford, the director of college guidance at the Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School, says it is not necessary for a student filling out the Common Application to list too many activities in the application.“No college will expect thata student has a huge laundry list of extracurricular activities that they have beenpassionately involved in each for an extended period of time，”Rexford wrote in an email.Experts say it is tougher to distinguish oneself in a school-affiliated extracurricular activity that is common among high school students than it is to stand out while doing an uncommon activity.“The competition to stand out and make an impact is going to be much stiffer, and so if they’re going to do a popularactivity, I’d say, be the best at it,”says Sara.42.Harberson, a college admission consultant. High school students who have an impressive personal project they are working on independently often impress colleges, experts say.“For example, a student with an interest in entrepreneurship could demonstrate skills and potential by starting a profitable small business,”Olivia Valdes, the founder of Zen Admissions consulting firm, wrote in an email.Joseph Adegboyega-Edun, a Maryland high school guidance counselor, says unconventional extracurricular activities can help students impress college admission offices, assuming they demonstrated serious commitment.“Again, since one of the big questions high school seniors must consider is ‘What makes you unique ?’ having an uncommon extracurricular activity, not a conventional one, is an advantage,”he wrote in an email.43.Experts say demonstrating talent in at least one extracurricular activity can help in the college admissions process, especially at top-tier undergraduate institutions.“Distinguishing yourself in one focused type of extracurricular activity can be a positive in the admissions process, especially for highly selective institutions, where having top grades and test scores is not enough,”Katie Kelley, admissions counselor at Ivy Wise admission consultancy, wrote in an email.“Students need to have that quality or hook that will appeal to admissions officers and allow them to visualize how the student might come and enrich their campus community.”44.Extracurricular activities related to the college major declared on a college application are beneficial, experts suggest.“If you already know your major, having an extracurricular activity that fits into that major can be a big plus,”says Mayghin Levine, the manager of educational opportunities with The Cabbage Patch Settlement House, a Louisville, Kentucky, nonprofit community center.45.High school students who have had a strong positive influence on their community through an extracurricular activity may impress a college and win a scholarship, says Erica Gwyn, a former math and science magnet program assistant at a public high school who is now the executive director of the Kaleidoscope Careers Academy in Atlanta, a nonprofit organization.A.Students who stands out in a specific extracurricular acting will be favored by top-tier institutions.B.Students whose extracurricular activity has benefited their community are likely to win a scholarship.C.Undertaking too many extracurricular will hardly be seen as a plus by colleges.D.A student who exhibits activity in doing business can impress colleges.E.High school students participating in popular activity should excel in it.F.Engaging in uncommon activities can demonstrate students’ determination and dedication.G.It is advisable for students to choose an extracurricular activity related to their future study at college.Section Ⅰ TranslationDirections: In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)With the smell of coffee and fresh bread floating in the air, stalls bursting with colorful vegetables and tempting cheeses, and the buzz of friendly chats, farmers’ market are a feast for the senses. They also provide an opportunity to talk to the people responsible for growing or raising your food, support your local economy and pick up fresh seasonal produce all at the same time.Farmers’ markets are usually weekly or monthly events, most often with outdoor stalls, which allows farmers or producers to sell their food directly tocustomers. The size or regularity of markets can vary from season to season, depending on the area’s agricultural calendar, and you are likely to find different produce on sale at different times of the year. By cutting out the middlemen, the farmers secure more profit for their produce. Shoppers also benefit from seeing exactly where and to who their money is going.Section Ⅰ WritingDirections: Suppose you and your friend Jack will do a survey on the protection of old houses in an ancient town. you should1)put forward a plan and2)ask for opinion.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use“Li Ming”instead (10 points)参考答案1～5. CBADA 6～10. CABDA 11～15. DABCC 16～20. ACDBD 21～25. CCDAD 26～30. AABDC 31～35. CDBBB 36～40. AADBD 41～45. CEAGB参考译文空气中弥漫着咖啡馥郁与面包鲜味，摊位上摆满了五颜六色的蔬菜和诱人的奶酪，以及好友聊天的嗡嗡声，农贸市场是一场感官盛宴。

英语二试卷结构
英语二的试卷结构主要包括四个部分，分别是英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。

1. 英语知识运用：这部分又被称为完型填空，主要考查考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。

它包含20个小题，每题分，总共10分。

在一篇约350词的
文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，
使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

2. 阅读理解：这部分主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。

它由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，总共50分。

A节包含4篇文章，每篇文章设5小题，共20小题，每小题
2分，共40分。

B节有两种备选题型，每次考试会从这两种题型中选择一
种或两种形式的组合进行考察。

本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。

3. 英译汉：这部分主要考查考生理解所给英文材料并将其翻译成中文的能力。

4. 写作：这部分主要考查考生的书面表达能力，要求考生根据所给情境写出一篇英语短文。

考试时间为180分钟，满分为100分。

2024考研英语二评分标准
考研英语二的评分标准主要从以下几个方面进行考量：试卷难度、题型和分值。

1. 试卷难度：一般来说，高难度的试卷会导致评分更加严格。

2. 题型：不同题型的评分标准也有所不同，例如阅读理解、写作等题型有各自的评分细则。

3. 分值：分值也是评分标准的重要组成部分，不同题型的分值会对评分的权重产生影响。

对于具体分值，英语知识运用、阅读理解、翻译及写作题型和分值情况如下：
1. 英语知识运用：总共10分，20题，每题分。

2. 阅读理解：A节共4篇文章，每篇5题，共20题，每题2分；B节共1
篇文章，5题，每题2分；C节翻译1篇文章，15分。

3. 写作：A节应用文10分，B节议论文15分。

建议查询官方渠道以获取最准确的信息。

英语二试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. A) What is the man going to do?A. Go to the library.B. Go to the cinema.C. Go to the concert.D. Go to the museum.B) What does the woman suggest?A. Going to the beach.B. Going to the park.C. Going to the restaurant.D. Going to the theater.[答案] 1. A 2. B二、阅读理解（共30分）A.根据文章内容，回答以下问题：1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. Why does the author think that reading is important?3. What are the benefits of reading according to the passage?[答案]1. The main idea is that reading is a valuable habit.2. The author believes reading is important because it can broaden one's horizons.3. The benefits include gaining knowledge, improving languageskills, and enhancing imagination.B.Read the following text and answer the questions:1. What is the text mainly about?2. What does the author suggest for dealing with stress?3. How can exercise help in reducing stress?[答案]1. The text is mainly about the effects of stress on health.2. The author suggests relaxation techniques and proper time management as ways to deal with stress.3. Exercise can help reduce stress by releasing endorphins and providing a healthy outlet for tension.三、完形填空（共20分）[文章略]1. The word that best fits the blank is ______.2. The correct phrase to complete the sentence is ______.3. The appropriate conjunction to use here is ______.[答案]1. opportunity2. make a difference3. however四、翻译（共15分）1. 请将下列句子从中文翻译成英文：- 他每天花很多时间学习英语。

英语二教材
《英语二》教材是一本广泛应用于中国英语学习者的教材，通常作为大学英语教学的主要教材之一。

该教材由多位经验丰富的英语教育专家编写，旨在帮助学生提高英语听、说、读、写四项基本技能，同时加强英语语言知识的掌握。

《英语二》教材的内容丰富多样，包括文本阅读、词汇学习、语法讲解、听力训练、口语练习、写作指导等多个方面。

教材中的材料选取贴近生活，涵盖文化、历史、科技、社会等多个领域，使学生在学习英语的同时，也能了解到丰富的知识信息。

在教材的结构上，《英语二》通常分为多个单元，每个单元包含多个学习任务，包括阅读理解、词汇练习、语法练习、听力练习、口语练习和写作练习等。

这样的结构安排有助于学生系统地学习英语，逐步提高各项技能。

《英语二》教材的特点如下：
1. 实用性强：教材内容紧密结合实际生活，帮助学生学以致用，提高英语应用能力。

2. 系统性强：教材按照一定的教学大纲和课程体系进行编排，有助于学生系统地学习英语。

3. 知识面广：教材涵盖多个领域的知识，学生在学习英语的同时，也能扩大自己的知识面。

4. 培养综合能力：教材注重培养学生的听、说、读、写四项基本技能，提高学生的综合英语水平。

5. 辅助材料丰富：教材附带听力材料、电子教案、在线资源等辅助材料，为学生提供更多学习资源。

《英语二》教材在中国的英语教学中发挥着重要作用，帮助无数学习者提高了英语水平。

使用该教材学习英语，学生可以获得系统性的训练，掌握一定的英语语言知识，提高自己的综合素质，为未来的学习和工作打下坚实基础。

山西自考英语二试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

A篇In the past few years, there has been a significant increase in the number of people who work from home. This trend has been driven by advancements in technology, which have made it easier for employees to connect with their colleagues and complete their tasks remotely. Working from home offers several benefits, including a better work-life balance and reduced commuting time. However, it also presents challenges such as isolation and the need for self-discipline.1. What is the main reason for the increase in remote work?a) Better work-life balanceb) Technological advancementsc) Reduced commuting timed) Isolation2. What benefits are mentioned in the passage for working from home?a) Increased productivityb) Better work-life balancec) More frequent promotionsd) Higher salaries3. What challenges does remote work present?a) Technological issuesb) Isolationc) Office politicsd) Long working hoursB篇The concept of lifelong learning has gained popularity in recent years. It emphasizes the importance of continuous education and skill development throughout one's life. Lifelong learning can take various forms, from formal education to self-directed learning and online courses. The benefits of lifelong learning are numerous, including personal growth, increased employability, and the ability to adapt to changes in the job market.4. What is the main idea of lifelong learning?a) The importance of formal educationb) Continuous education throughout lifec) The need for online coursesd) The benefits of self-directed learning5. What are some forms that lifelong learning can take?a) Formal education onlyb) Self-directed learning and online coursesc) Job promotions and raisesd) Networking and professional events6. What are the benefits of lifelong learning?a) Personal growth and adaptabilityb) Higher starting salariesc) Increased job securityd) Access to better job titles二、词汇与语法（共30分，每题3分）7. The company has been ________ for its innovative approach to problem-solving.a) criticizedb) recognizedc) ignoredd) forgotten8. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work was not________.a) delayedb) advancedc) canceledd) resumed9. She has a ________ knowledge of French, which allows her to communicate effectively with French speakers.a) limitedb) profoundc) superficiald) basic10. The new policy will come into ________ next month.a) actionb) effectc) forced) operation三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

自学考试英语二和全国英语等级考试三级是两个不同的英语考试，它们在以下方面有所区别：
1. 考试对象和目的：自学考试英语二是为了检测自考生的英语水平，是自学考试中的一门课程；而全国英语等级考试三级是为了评估非英语专业学生的英语能力，是一个独立的英语水平考试。

2. 考试内容和难度：自学考试英语二的内容主要涵盖英语语法、词汇、阅读、写作等方面，难度相对较低；而全国英语等级考试三级的内容更加全面，包括听力、阅读、写作、口语等多个方面，难度相对较高。

3. 考试形式：自学考试英语二通常采用笔试的形式进行；而全国英语等级考试三级则可能包括笔试和口试两个部分。

4. 认可度和用途：自学考试英语二的成绩主要用于自学考试的学分认定和毕业要求；而全国英语等级考试三级的成绩在一定程度上可以证明考生的英语水平，对于求职、升学、出国留学等方面有一定的参考价值。

需要注意的是，具体的考试内容、形式和要求可能会因地区、院校和考试机构的不同而有所差异。

如果你有意参加这两个考试，建议你详细了解相关的考试信息和要求，并根据自己的需求和实际情况选择适合的考试。

同时，提前做好充分的准备，包括系统学习英语知识、进行练习和模拟考试等，以提高通过考试的机会。

考研英语二考试技巧
考研英语二考试技巧包括以下几个方面：
1.掌握核心词汇和词组：对于阅读、完形填空和翻译等题型，核心词汇和词
组是关键。

因此，建议考生通过背诵和默写的方式掌握这些词汇和词组。

2.熟悉考试题型和时间分配：考生需要了解每种题型的分值和难度，合理分
配时间。

在考试中，先做自己熟悉的题型，合理规划时间，避免因为时间不够而影响后面的题目。

3.注重阅读理解：阅读理解是分值最高的题型，建议考生先读问题再阅读文
章，通过关键词定位答案。

在阅读文章时，注意转折词、列举词、序数词等关键信息，理解文章结构和逻辑关系。

4.完形填空注重语境和词汇辨析：完形填空考察词汇的辨析和语境理解，考
生需要注意上下文语义和语境的变化，根据语境选择合适的词汇。

5.翻译注重语法和表达方式：翻译题要求考生有较好的语法和表达能力，在
翻译时要注意语序的调整和表达方式的变换，尽量做到语言流畅、准确传达原文意思。

6.作文注重语言规范和结构清晰：英语二的作文要求语言规范、结构清晰。

考生可以在平时练习中多背诵优秀范文，学习范文的行文方式和表达方式，提高自己的写作水平。

7.模拟考试和真题训练：模拟考试和真题训练是提高考试成绩的有效途径。

考生可以通过模拟考试熟悉考试形式和时间分配，同时也可以通过真题训练提高自己的做题技巧和准确性。

综上所述，考生需要全面了解考试技巧，注重词汇、阅读、完形填空、翻译、作文等方面的训练，通过模拟考试和真题训练提高自己的应试能力。

同时，也需要注意时间分配和做题顺序的规划，确保在考试中能够发挥出自己的最佳水平。

A abdomen腹部abdominal腹部的abnormality变态abolish绝对的absolute多量abundance学术的academic口音accent喝彩acclaim欢呼accomplish完成（任务）acquire获得activate使活动actual实际的ad广告adapt使适应address向..讲话, 写信给..称呼addressee听者adjustment调整administration管理adopt采用adult成人advance前进advertise 为..做广告affirmative确定的afterwards后来aggressive 侵略的, 进取心的agitation 焦虑agony 苦恼alphabetic 拼音文字的alter改变alternative二中择一, 选择性的amount 总数analyze 合计, 等于anarchy 分析ancestor 政治混乱angle 祖先anguish使转角度, 角annoy感到痛苦, 使极痛苦annoyance烦恼annual每年的anticipate预先准备anticipation预测apologetic道歉的appeal求助applicant申请人appointment约定appraise评价appreciate赏识, 增值apprehension恐惧arrangement整理assembly集合assertive自信的assertively肯定地assertiveness肯定assess评估assist援助assurance确信athletic运动的attempt尝试attend出席attentive注意的attitude态度attractive吸引人的audience观众auditorium会堂authoritative有权威的availability可用的东西avoid避免award奖品, 授予Bbabysitter（代人）照看婴儿者bachelor单身汉, 学士backlight从背后照亮badminton羽毛球bald光秃的, 单调的barrier障碍base底部, 基础, 以..作基础, 卑鄙的basement地下室basically基本上battle-scarred经战争留下伤痕的behave举止behavioral行为的belief新年belong属于beneficial 有利的berry浆果bewilder 使迷惑binding 封面blankly 茫然地blink 眨眼block 中断blur涂污（名誉）把..弄得模糊不清board伙食bold勇敢的boldly大胆地book预定boom突然增加, （事业）突然繁荣bore令人讨厌的人, 使厌烦bough（大）树枝bouncing跳跃的, 巨大的breadth 宽度breathily发出呼吸声地brigade队, （军队）旅broaden放宽, 扩大bud芽, 发芽bulky大的bullheaded顽固的Ccabinet橱柜calculation计算campus校园candy糖果capable有能力的capacity容量, 能力captive俘虏carpentry木工工作carpet地毯carrier-pigeon信鸽cart小车carving雕刻品casually随便地category种类cautiously慎重地celebrate庆祝chandelier枝形吊灯characterize以..为特性charge费用, 电荷, 主管,收费charity慈善, 慈善团体chart图标, 制图checkout付款台childish孩子气般的chimney烟囱chip碎片, 筹码, 芯片chitchat闲谈circumstance情况civilization文化clamorous大喊大叫的,热闹的clan家族, 部落, 党派clang叮当声, （使）叮当地响clarification澄清client顾客coach教练coax哄, 耐心使coin创造, 硬币collaboration合作colleague同事colloquial口语的colony殖民地command掌握commensurate相称的commit使承担义务commitment承诺commonplace平凡的, 平凡的事communal公社的communicate交流companionship同伴身份competent有能力的complacency满足complex复杂的complexity复杂compose（使）安定, 调解, 组成, 写作conceive构思, 怀孕, 考虑concept概念confidence信任confident确信的confrontation对抗confusion搞乱congress大会, 国会conquer征服consciousness意识conservative保守的, 保守派considerable相当大的considerate体谅的consistent一致的console安慰constantly经常地constitution宪法, 构造,体质, 章程, 惯例consult向人求教, 查阅contact接触网络content内容context环境continuous连续不断的contrast对比, 使对比conversely相反地convince使确信cookie小甜饼cooperate合作cope对付corpse尸体costly贵重的countdown倒计时couple几个, 一对course（一道）菜court球场craft精心制作craftsman技工craving渴望crawl爬行creative有创造性的credible可信的credit学分creep爬crib婴儿床crisis危机crude粗糙的cruiser巡洋舰crystal结晶状的, 水晶cue暗示cure 治愈curious好奇的, 古怪的curve弯, 使弯曲customary通常的customer顾客Ddaily每天的, 每天地dash猛砸dawn黎明deadline最后期限deception欺骗declaration宣布decline下倾, 下降decorate装饰v decoration装饰n dedication贡献delay耽搁, 延迟delegate代表delicious美味的delivery讲述dense密集的dent初步发展dental 牙齿的dependable 可靠的descend下来desert沙漠, 放弃deserve应受..之优（虐）待desire愿望despair绝望desperate绝望的desperately极想要的deterioration变坏determination决心devastate毁坏devastating破坏的device装置diaphragm膈肌膜diet食物differentiate区别dip浸, （此处）浏览diplomat指令的, 命令directive原则disclosure揭示discrimination歧视dishearten使人丧失信心dismay使沮丧dispatcher发报机displacement置换display陈列, 展览disrespectful失礼的distant在远处的distinctly清楚地distinguish区别distract分散（注意力）distribute分配disturb打扰dodge闪避dominant有统治权的doomed命定的drain消耗dramatic戏剧性的drift（使）漂流drop-in顺便来访的due应得物、权力Eeconomics经济ecstatic狂喜的effective有效的adjeffectively有效的advefficiency有效efficient生效的elaborate精心制作的electricity电流electronics电子学embrace包括emerge显现enable使能够end目的endurance 忍耐engraving 雕刻术enjoyable 令人愉快的enlarge 扩大enroll登记, 入伍enterprise事业entry登录environment环境ephemeral朝生暮死的equality同等equivalent相当的escalate逐步上升estrangement疏远ethic道德规范evaluation评价eve前夕everyday每日的evolution发展nevolve发展vewe母羊excessive过多的exhausting疲惫不堪的expand扩大expectant预期的expense费用explode爆炸exploratory探索的expose使曝露express特快的eyelid眼睑Ffailing失败fascinate迷住fasten扎牢, 使固定, 集中于fatality不幸feasible可行的feast盛宴feature特征fee费, 酬金feminine妇女的, 娇柔的fervor热烈festival节日fireplace壁炉fit突发flank在..的侧面, 侧面与..相接flashgun闪光操纵器fleet舰队, 港湾flop扑拍, 跳动fluency流利flutter扑动food-processor食品加工机forceful强有力的formica-topped贴着塑料面板的fragment碎片framework构架frilly镶褶边的frontier国境fundamental基础的fuse导火线Ggame猎物gap间隔garage车库garbage垃圾gender性别generation生育genetics遗传学gift礼物glance看一眼gland腺glide滑动goal目标graduation毕业granary谷仓grant同意, 基金graph图表grateful感激的gratitude感激grope摸索gurgle咯咯声gush涌出Hhandpress手动操作印刷机handshake握手hatred憎恨hazard冒险hazel-eyed淡褐色眼镜的heel脚后跟hesitate犹豫vhesitation犹豫nhonor尊敬, 荣誉horizon地平线, 范围hormone荷尔蒙hospitable好客的hostility敌视household家庭, 家务humanity人类hushed安静的idealism理想主义idealistic空想（家）的ideally理想地identify确认ignorance无知ignore不理illusion幻象image形象imitation模仿immeasurable无法计量的immortal不朽的immune免除的immunity免疫力impact影响, 作用, 撞击impatient不耐烦的implore恳求imply暗示inadequate不充足的incline（使）倾斜inconvenience不便incredible难以置信的independence独立independent独立自主的indicator指示物inefficient低效的inexhaustible无穷去尽的inflection变音influential有影响的infraction犯规initial开始的initiate开始innovation改革insanity疯狂institutionalize使制度化instruct教, 教授insult侮辱insurance保险integrate使结合intensity强烈intention意图interaction互相作用interview面谈intrude闯入, 强挤入invaluable无价的ironworker铁工场工人irritable急躁的irritation激怒issue问题JKLJournalistic新闻事业的key基本的label贴标签于, 标记lamb羊羔lapse失检, 背离latter以后的, 后者lead铅, 导线leadership领导权learned有学问的legend传说liberal慷慨的, 自由主义的license执照, 特许lightning闪电lightning rod避雷针likable可爱的likely很可能的, 很可能linguist语言学家linotype铸排机liquid crystal display液晶显示器literate有文化的literature文献long渴望long-established久居当地的lull使平静, 哄骗lumber木材, 废物lust活力, 强烈欲望luxury奢侈Mmajor主修课程, 住户秀..课程的学生, 主修manipulation操作mark标明master掌握meager不足的means方法meanwhile当时mechanically机械地mechanics技巧, 机械学mechanism机械装置, 技巧, 途径mediocrity平常meek温顺的memo备忘录memorize记忆mention提及merchant商人method方法meticulous细致的microphone扩音器microscope显微镜mingle（使）混合minor次要的minority少数miracle奇迹mistletoe榭寄生mistreat虐待moderate缓和moderator主持mold造型monitor班长, 监控monotone单调monotonous单调的morals伦理motionless不动的motto座右铭mug大杯子muscle肌肉Nnarcissism自恋navigation航行nonacademic非学术性的nonverbal非语言的notch刻凹痕, 切口, 得分numerically用数字Oobjective目标, 客观的obligation义务observe纪念obtain获得occupational职业的occupy占occur发生off-handedly随即open-minded坦率的oppose反对option选择order整顿oriental东方的orientate调整original最初的originate发源ornament装饰ornamental 装饰性的outburst 爆发outcast流浪者outsider外人overall全部的overcome克服overestimate评价过高overload使过量overpowering不可抗拒的overstrict过于严厉的overwhelm压倒, 使不安overwork使工作过度vt,工作过度vi, 过度工作noverzealous过分热心Ppackage包裹pamphlet小册子panel座谈小组paradigm范例paramount 最高的parenthesis 插入语, 插曲, 圆括号participant 参加者participate 参加pasture 牧地patent专利权, 取得..的专利权pave铺（路等）peer 凝视pension 退休金peril 危险permanent 永久的persist 坚持personal 个人的persuade说服, （使）相信pessimistic 悲观的phenomenon 现象physically身体上地pie（西点）馅饼pillar柱子, 主要的支持者pillow枕头pin别针pinnacle山顶, 造小塔尖plantation耕地, 种植园platform月台, 讲台, 平台plentiful富裕的plumbing铅工业plummet垂直下落plump圆胖的plum-pudding葡萄干布丁的plus加上pole极, 杆, 柱polytechnics工艺的, 工艺学校pop-corn爆米花positive积极的potbellied大肚子的potbelly大肚皮potential潜能, 潜在的potter制陶工practical实际的, 应用的prejudice偏见presentation描述prevail流行previous先前的previously原先privacy隐私private私人的privilege特权process过程processor处理机proclaim宣告prodigal浪费的, 浪子productive高产的profession职业professionalism职业特征profile剖面, 外形profit益处, 有利于project设计, 事业promotion晋级, 提升promptly敏捷地prop支持者, 支撑proximate最近的psychologist心理学家pumpkin南瓜pun双关语punch力量puny小的pursue追求vpursuit追求npyramid金字塔qualified合格的quotient商数Rrise提出, 养育realistic现实的recite朗诵recognition识别record记载recount描述re-creation再创造recreational消遣的refreshment恢复regretful懊悔的reindeer驯鹿reinforce加强relearn再学习release释放religious虔诚的remain保持remark评论remembrance记忆renew使更新resemble象, 类似reside居住resolution清晰度resonance共振response回答resume简历retire撤退, 就寝, 退休,引退revolution大变革rhetoric讲话, 花言巧语rib肋骨ridiculous可笑的rift裂缝, 断裂, 不和risk危险rod杆棒role角色Ssacred神圣的sacrifice牺牲, 牺牲品salesgirl女售货员sandy浅黄色的scar伤疤, 结疤scholarship奖学金schooling教育scrap小片, 废料scriptural手稿的, 圣经的section部分security安全seemingly表面上的selection选择self-consciously自觉地self-esteem自尊self-sufficient自给自足的seminal开创性的sensation感觉sentiment感情service仪式settler移居者set-top box顶置式电视severe严肃的share共享sheet纸张shepherd牧羊人shock使震静, 震惊short-tempered脾气暴躁的shrewd精明的shrink收缩shroud寿衣, 遮蔽shutter关闭者, 百叶窗, 快门significant有特殊意义的simplify单一化sled雪橇smoothly平稳地so-caller所谓的souvenir纪念品spade铲speedy快的splash溅splendid灿烂spoil损坏spouse配偶spout喷口staff棍, 工作人员standardize使统一starvation饥饿status身份steak牛排stern严厉的still静止的stock积蓄stocking长筒袜的一只stocky矮壮的stout健壮的stove炉stream水流string线, 一串, 排成一列stumble结结巴巴地说话, 使困惑, 蹒跚subject主题submit使服从, 提交subsequent后来的subsidy补助金succeed成功succor援助sufficiently足够地suitability合适sum总数summarize概述superbly雄伟的superficial表面的superior领导, 较高的supplement增补, 副刊,补充suppose推想surgery外科手术surplus剩余sustained相同的symbol象征symptom症状Ttable碑tactic策略tag标签, 名称, 紧随takeover接收talkative喜欢多说的tangible可触知的telegraph电报telemarketing电话推销术tend倾向tendency趋势tense拉紧的tentative试验性的thoughtfulness思虑threaten威胁thrill一阵激动thunderstorm雷暴tickle胳肢, 使高兴tidal潮汐的tideless无潮的tiptoe脚尖, 用脚尖走toe脚趾token标志tolerance容忍tone音调toothbrush牙刷toss投, 颠簸trademark商标train瞄准transaction办理, 交易,处理事务transplant迁移, 移植trapping狩猎travail辛苦trend倾向trial磨难trim修剪trivet三脚铁架trivia琐事trying辛苦的tuck卷起, 塞tuition学费tummy胃, 肚子turkey火鸡tutor家庭教师typical典型的Uunanswered未答复的unashamed不害羞的unaware不注意的uncharted不详的uncomfortable不舒服的uncomprehending不理解的uncomprehendingly不理解地unconditional无条件的unconquered未克服的underestimate低估undergraduate大学生, 大学生的undoubtedly毫无疑问的uninitiated不熟悉某种特定情况的unintelligible难理解的unintentionally无意地unreliable不可靠的unsolved未解答的upbringing儿童期的训练和教育upsetting烦恼的urgency紧急usage用法utilize利用Vvacation休假vaguely含混地valedictory告别的valuable贵重的variety变化, 品种vegetation植被vellum牛皮纸, 犊皮纸的verity真实versatile多方面的vice副的view观点viewfinder反光镜vigorously精神旺盛地violence暴力, 猛烈vocabulary词汇, 词汇表vocational职业的volume音量volunteer志愿者, 志愿的, 自愿Wwell-adapted 适合的well-house 井房wheel 推动wholly 完全地wittingly有意地worn-out穿旧的wrinkle皱纹, 使皱。

英语二新题型类型
英语二的新题型包括以下三种类型：
1. 七选五：该题型从一篇总长度为500~600词的文章中留出5段空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出5段文字进行补全。

2. 小标题：该题型为一篇长度为450~550词的文章，要求考生根据文章内容为每段选择一个能概括其内容的标题。

3. 正误判断：该题型为一段750~850词的文章，其中包含5个句子，要求考生根据文章内容判断这5个句子或陈述的正误。

以上内容仅供参考，建议查阅英语二考试大纲或咨询专业教师，获取更准确的信息。