英语二

2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)真题(科目代码：204)Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Your social life is defined as the activities you do with other people, for pleasure, when you are not working. It is important to have a social life, but what is right for one person won’t be right for another. Some of us feel energized by spending lots of time with others, 1 of us may feel drained, even if it’s doing something we enjoy.This is why finding a 2 in your social life is key. Spending too much time on your own, not 3 others, can make you feel lonely and 4 . Loneliness is known to impact on your mental health and 5 a low mood. Anyone can feel lonely at any time. This might be especially true if 6 you are working from home and you are 7 on the social conversation that happen in the office. Other life changes also 8 periods of loneliness too, such as retirement, changing a job or becoming a parent.It’s important to recognize feelings or loneliness. There are ways to 9 a social life. But it is overwhelming 10 . You can then find groups aimed at new parents, at those who want to 12 a new sport for the first time or networking events for those in the same profession to meet up and 13 ideas.On the other hand, it is 14 possible to have too much of a social life. If youfeel like you’re always doing something and there is never any 15 in your calendar for downtime, you could suffer social burnout or social 16 . We all have our own social limit and it’s important to recognize when you’re feeling like it’s all too much. Low mood, low energy, irritability and trouble sleeping could all be 17 of poor social health. Make sure you 18 sometime in your diary when you’re19 for socializing and use this time to relax, 20 and recover.1.[A]because[B]unless[C]whereas[D]until2.[A]contrast[B]balance[C]link[D]gap3.[A]seeing[B]pleasing[C]judging[D]teaching4.[A]misguided[B]surprised[C]spoiled[D]disconnected5.[A]contribute to[B]rely on[C]interfere with[D]go against6.[A]in fact[B]of course[C]for example[D]on average7.[A]cutting back[B]missing out[C]breaking in[D]looking down8.[A]shorten[B]trigger[C]follow[D]interrupt9.[A]assess[B]interpret[C]provide[D]regain10.[A]at first[B]in turn[C]on time[D]by change11.[A]far-sighted[B]strong-willed[C]kind-hearted[D]like-minded12.[A]try[B]promote[C]watch[D]describe13.[A]test[B]share[C]accept[D]revise14.[A]already[B]thus[C]then[D]only15.[A]visit[B]order[C]space[D]boundary16.[A]fatigue[B]criticism[C]injustice[D]dilemma17.[A]sources[B]standards[C]signs[D]scores18.[A]take over[B]wipe off[C]add up[D]mark out19.[A]ungrateful[B]unavailable[C]responsible[D]regretful20.[A]react[B]repeat[C]return[D]restSection Ⅰ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A，B，C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Anger over AI’s role in exacerbating inequality could endanger the technology’s future. In her new book Cogs and Monsters: What Economics Is, and What It Should Be, Diane Coyle, an economist at Cambridge University, argues that the digital economy requires new ways of thinking about progress.“Whatever we mean by the economy growing, by things getting better, the gains will have to be more evenly shared than in the recent past,”she writes.“An economy of tech millionaires or billionaires and gig workers, with middle-income jobs undercut by automation, will not be politically sustainable.”Improving living standards and increasing prosperity for more people will require greater use of digital technologies to boost productivity in various sectors, including healthcare and construction, says Coyle. But people can’t be expected to embrace the changes if they’re not seeing the benefits——if they’re just seeing good jobs being destroyed.In a recent interview with MIT Technology Review, Coyle said she fears that tech’s inequality problem could be a roadblock to deploying AI.“We’re talking about disruption,”she says.“These are transformative technologies that change the ways we spend our time every day, that change business models that succeed.”To make such“tremendous changes,”she adds, you need social buy-in. Instead, says Coyle, resentment is simmering among many as the benefits are perceived to go to elites in a harmful of prosperous cities.According to the Booking Institution, a short list of eight American cities thatincluded San Francisco, San Jose, Boston, and Seattle had roughly 38% of all tech jobs by 2019. New AI technologies are particularly concentrated: Brookings’s Mark Muro and Sifan Liu estimate that just 15 cities account for two-thirds of the AI assets and capabilities in the United States(San Francisco and San Jose along account for about one-quarter).The dominance of a few cities in the invention and commercialization of AI means that geographical disparities in wealth will continue to soar. Not only will this foster political and social unrest, but it could, as Coyle suggests, hold back the sorts of AI technologies needed for regional economies to grow.Part of the solution could lie in somehow loosening the stranglehold that Big Tech has on defining the AI agenda. That will likely take increased federal funding for research independent of the tech giants. Muro and others have suggested hefty federal funding to help create US regional innovation centers, for example.A more immediate response is to broaden our digital imagination to conceive ofAI technologies that don’t simply replace jobs but expand opportunities in the sectors that different parts of the country care most about, like healthcare, education and manufacturing.21.Coyle argues that economic growth should .[A]give rise to innovations[B]diversify career choices[C]benefit people equally[D]be promoted forcefully22.According to Paragraph 2, digital technologies should be used to .[A]bring about instant prosperity[B]reduce people’s workload[C]raise overall work efficiency[D]enhance cross-sector cooperation23.What does Coyle fear about transformative technologies ?[A]They may affect work-life balance.[B]They may be impractical to deploy.[C]They may incur huge expenditure.[D]They may be unwelcome to public.24.Several American cities are mentioned to show .[A]the uneven distribution of AI technology in the US[B]the disappointing prospect of jobs in the US[C]the fast progress of US regional economies[D]the increasing significance of US AI assets25.With regard to concern, the author suggests .[A]raising funds to start new AI projects[B]encourage collaboration in AI research[C]guarding against side effects of AI[D]redefining the role of AI technologiesText 2The UK is facing a future construction crisis because of a failure to plant trees to produce wood. Confor has warned. The forestry and wood trade body has called for urgent action to reduce the country’s reliance on timber imports and provide a stable supply of wood for future generations. Currently only 20 percent of the UK’s wood requirement is home-grown while it remains the second-largest net importer of timber in the wood.Coming at a time of fresh incentives from the UK government for landowners to grow more tress, the trade body says these don’t go far enough and fail to promote the benefits of planting them to boost timber supplies.“Not only are we facing a carbon crisis now, but we will also be facing a future construction crisis because of a failure to plant trees to produce wood.”said Stuart Goodall, chief executive of confor. For decades we have not taken responsibility for investing in domestic wood supply, leaving us exposed to fluctuating prices and fighting for future supplies of wood as global demand rises and own supplies fall.The UK has ideal conditions for growing wood to build low-carbon homes and is a global leader in certifying that its forests are sustainably managed. Confor says.While around three quarters of Scottish homes are built from Scottish timber, the useof home-grown wood in England is only around 25 percent. The causes of the UK’s current position are complex and range from outdated perceptions of productive forestry to decimation of tress y gray squirrels. It also encompasses significant hesitation on behalf of farmers and other landowners to invest in longer too planting projects.While productive tree planting can deliver financial benefits to rural economies and contribute to the UK’s net-zero strategy, the focus of government support continues to be on food production and rewilding and planting of native woodland solely for biodiversity. Goodall added:“While food production and biodiversity health are clearly of critical importance, we need our land to also provide secure supplies of wood for construction, manufacturing an contribution to net-zero.”While the UK government has stated its ambition for more three planting, there has been little action on the ground. Confor is now calling for much greater impetus behind those aspirations to ensure we have enough wood to meet increasing demand.26.It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that UK need to .[A]increase its domestic wood supply[B]reduce its demand for timber[C]lower its wood production costs[D]lift its control on timber imports27.According to Confor, UK government fresh incentives .[A]can hardly address construction crisis[B]are believed to come at the wrong time[C]seem to be misleading for landowners[D]will be too costly to put into practice28.The UK exposure to fluctuating wood prices is the result of .[A]the government’s inaction on timber imports[B]inadequate investment in growing wood[C]the competition among timber traders at home[D]wood producers’ motivation to maximize profits29.Which of following causes the shortage of wood supply ?[A]Excessive timber consumption in construction[B]Unfavorable conditions for growing trees[C]Outdated technology if the wood industry[D]Farmers’ unwillingness to plan trees30.What does Goodall think US government should do ?[A]Subsidies the building of low-carbon homes[B]Pay greater attention to boosting rural economies[C]Provide more support for productive tree planting[D]Give priority to pursuing its net-zero strategyText 3One big challenge in keeping unsafe aging drivers off the the road is convincing them that it is time to turn over the key.“It is a complete life-changer when someone stops or is forced to stop driving,”said former risk manager Anne M.Menke.The American Medical Association advises physicians that in situation where clear evidence of substantial driving impairment implies a strong threat to patient and public safety, and where the physician’s advice to discontinue driving privileges is ignored, it is desirable and ethical to notify the Department of Motor Vehicles, Menke wrote,“Some states require physicians to report, others allow but do not mandate reports, while a few consider a report a breach of confidentiality. There could be liability and penalties if a physician does not act in accordance with state laws on reporting and confidentiality,”She counseled.Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are addressed piecemeal by different professions with different focuses, including gerontologists, highway administration officials, automotive engineers, and others, said gerontologist Elizabeth Dugan.“There’s not a National Institute of Older Driver Studies,”she said.“We need better evidence on what makes drivers unsafe”and whatcan help, said Dugan.One thing that does seem to work is requiring drivers to report in person for license renewal. Mandatory in-person renewal was associated with a 31 percent reduction in fatal crashes involving drivers 85 or older, according to one study.Passing vision tests also produced a similar decline in fatal crashes for those drivers, although there appeared to be no benefit from combining the two.Many old drivers don’t see eye doctors or can’t afford to. Primary care providers have their hands full and may not be able to follow through with patients who have trouble driving because they can’t turn their heads or remember where they are going or have gotten shorter and haven’t changed their seat settings sufficiently to reach car pedals easily.As long as there are other cars on the roads, self-driving cars won’t solve the problems of crashes, said Dugan. Avoiding dangers posted by all those human drivers would require too many algorithms, she said. But we need to do more to improve safety, said Dugan.“If we’re going to have 100-year lives, we need cars thata 90-year-old can drive comfortably.”31.According to Paragraph 1, keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road .[A]is a new safety measure[B]has become a disputed issue[C]can be a tough task to complete[D]will be beneficial to their health32.The American Medical Association’s advice .[A]has won support from drivers[B]is generally considered unrealistic[C]is widely dismissed as unnecessary[D]has met with different responses33.According to Dugan, efforts to keep older drivers safe .[A]have brought about big changes[B]need to be well coordinated[C]have gained public concern[D]call for relevant legal support34.Some older drivers have trouble driving because they tend to .[A]stick with bad driving habits[B]have a weakened memory[C]suffer from chronic pains[D]neglect car maintenance35.Dugan thinks that the solution to the problems of crashes may lie in .[A]upgrading self-driving vehicles[B]developing senior-friendly cars[C]renovating transport facilities[D]adjusting the age limit for driversText 4If you look at the apps on your phone, chances are you have at least one related to your health and probably several. Whether it is a mental health app, a fitness tracker, a connected health device or something else, many of us are making advantages of this technology to keep better track of our health in some shape or form. Recent research from the Organization for the the Review of Care and Health Applications found that 350,000 health apps were available on the market, 90,000 of which launched in 2020 alone.While these apps have a great deal to offer, it is not always clear how the personal information we input is collected, safeguarded, and shared online. Existing health privacy law, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, is primarily focused on the way hospitals, doctor’s offices, clinics, and insurance companies store health records online. The health information these apps and health data tracking wearable are collecting typically does not receive the same legal protections.Without additional protection in place, companies may share (and potentially monetize) personal health information in a way consumers may not have authorized or anticipated. In 2021, Flo Health faced a Federal Trade Commission (FTC) investigation. The FTC alleged in a complaint that“despite express privacy claims, the company took control of users’ sensitivity fertility data and shared it with third parties.”Flo Health and the FTC settled the matter with a company to get app users’ express affirmative consent before sharing their health information as well as to instruct the third parties to delete the data they had obtained.Section 5 of the FTC Act empowers the FTC to initiate enforcement action against unfair or deceptive acts, meaning the FTC can only act after the fact if a company’s privacy practices are misleading or cause unjustified consumer harm.While the FTC is doing what it can to ensure apps are keeping their promises to the Order requiring the consumers around the handling of their sensitive health information, the rate at which these health apps are hitting the market demonstrates just how immense of a challenge this is.As for the prospects for federal legislation, commentators suggest that comprehensive federal privacy legislation seems unlikely in the short term. States have begun implementing their own solutions to shore up protections for consumer-generated health data. California has been at the forefront of state privacy efforts with the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018. Virginia, Colorado, and Utah have also recently passed state consumer data privacy legislation.36.The research findings are cited in Paragraph 1 to show .[A]the prevalence of health apps[B]the public concern over health[C]popularity of smartphone[D]the advancement of technology37.What does the author imply about existing health privacy law ?[A]Its coverage needs to be extended[B]Its enforcement needs strengthening[C]It has discouraged medical misconduct[D]It has disappointed insurance companies38.Before sharing its users’ health information, Flo Health is required to .[A]seek the approval of the FTC[B]find qualified third parties[C]remove irrelevant personal data[D]obtain their explicit permission39.What challenges is the FTC currently faced with ?[A]The complexity of health information.[B]The rapid increase in new health apps.[C]The subtle deceptiveness of health apps.[D]The difficulty in assessing consumer harm.40.It can be learned from the last paragraph that health data protection .[A]has been embraced by health app developers[B]has been a focus of federal policy-making[C]has encouraged opposition in California[D]has gained legislative support in some statesPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)High school students eager to standout in the college application process often participate in a litany of extracurricular activities hoping to bolster their chances of admission to a selective undergraduate institution. However, college admission experts say that the quality of a college hopeful’s extracurricular activities matters more than the number of activities he or she participates in.41.Sue Rexford, the director of college guidance at the Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School, says it is not necessary for a student filling out the Common Application to list too many activities in the application.“No college will expect thata student has a huge laundry list of extracurricular activities that they have beenpassionately involved in each for an extended period of time，”Rexford wrote in an email.Experts say it is tougher to distinguish oneself in a school-affiliated extracurricular activity that is common among high school students than it is to stand out while doing an uncommon activity.“The competition to stand out and make an impact is going to be much stiffer, and so if they’re going to do a popularactivity, I’d say, be the best at it,”says Sara.42.Harberson, a college admission consultant. High school students who have an impressive personal project they are working on independently often impress colleges, experts say.“For example, a student with an interest in entrepreneurship could demonstrate skills and potential by starting a profitable small business,”Olivia Valdes, the founder of Zen Admissions consulting firm, wrote in an email.Joseph Adegboyega-Edun, a Maryland high school guidance counselor, says unconventional extracurricular activities can help students impress college admission offices, assuming they demonstrated serious commitment.“Again, since one of the big questions high school seniors must consider is ‘What makes you unique ?’ having an uncommon extracurricular activity, not a conventional one, is an advantage,”he wrote in an email.43.Experts say demonstrating talent in at least one extracurricular activity can help in the college admissions process, especially at top-tier undergraduate institutions.“Distinguishing yourself in one focused type of extracurricular activity can be a positive in the admissions process, especially for highly selective institutions, where having top grades and test scores is not enough,”Katie Kelley, admissions counselor at Ivy Wise admission consultancy, wrote in an email.“Students need to have that quality or hook that will appeal to admissions officers and allow them to visualize how the student might come and enrich their campus community.”44.Extracurricular activities related to the college major declared on a college application are beneficial, experts suggest.“If you already know your major, having an extracurricular activity that fits into that major can be a big plus,”says Mayghin Levine, the manager of educational opportunities with The Cabbage Patch Settlement House, a Louisville, Kentucky, nonprofit community center.45.High school students who have had a strong positive influence on their community through an extracurricular activity may impress a college and win a scholarship, says Erica Gwyn, a former math and science magnet program assistant at a public high school who is now the executive director of the Kaleidoscope Careers Academy in Atlanta, a nonprofit organization.A.Students who stands out in a specific extracurricular acting will be favored by top-tier institutions.B.Students whose extracurricular activity has benefited their community are likely to win a scholarship.C.Undertaking too many extracurricular will hardly be seen as a plus by colleges.D.A student who exhibits activity in doing business can impress colleges.E.High school students participating in popular activity should excel in it.F.Engaging in uncommon activities can demonstrate students’ determination and dedication.G.It is advisable for students to choose an extracurricular activity related to their future study at college.Section Ⅰ TranslationDirections: In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)With the smell of coffee and fresh bread floating in the air, stalls bursting with colorful vegetables and tempting cheeses, and the buzz of friendly chats, farmers’ market are a feast for the senses. They also provide an opportunity to talk to the people responsible for growing or raising your food, support your local economy and pick up fresh seasonal produce all at the same time.Farmers’ markets are usually weekly or monthly events, most often with outdoor stalls, which allows farmers or producers to sell their food directly tocustomers. The size or regularity of markets can vary from season to season, depending on the area’s agricultural calendar, and you are likely to find different produce on sale at different times of the year. By cutting out the middlemen, the farmers secure more profit for their produce. Shoppers also benefit from seeing exactly where and to who their money is going.Section Ⅰ WritingDirections: Suppose you and your friend Jack will do a survey on the protection of old houses in an ancient town. you should1)put forward a plan and2)ask for opinion.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use“Li Ming”instead (10 points)参考答案1～5. CBADA 6～10. CABDA 11～15. DABCC 16～20. ACDBD 21～25. CCDAD 26～30. AABDC 31～35. CDBBB 36～40. AADBD 41～45. CEAGB参考译文空气中弥漫着咖啡馥郁与面包鲜味，摊位上摆满了五颜六色的蔬菜和诱人的奶酪，以及好友聊天的嗡嗡声，农贸市场是一场感官盛宴。

英语二试卷结构
英语二的试卷结构主要包括四个部分，分别是英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。

1. 英语知识运用：这部分又被称为完型填空，主要考查考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。

它包含20个小题，每题分，总共10分。

在一篇约350词的
文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，
使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

2. 阅读理解：这部分主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。

它由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，总共50分。

A节包含4篇文章，每篇文章设5小题，共20小题，每小题
2分，共40分。

B节有两种备选题型，每次考试会从这两种题型中选择一
种或两种形式的组合进行考察。

本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。

3. 英译汉：这部分主要考查考生理解所给英文材料并将其翻译成中文的能力。

4. 写作：这部分主要考查考生的书面表达能力，要求考生根据所给情境写出一篇英语短文。

考试时间为180分钟，满分为100分。

2024考研英语二评分标准
考研英语二的评分标准主要从以下几个方面进行考量：试卷难度、题型和分值。

1. 试卷难度：一般来说，高难度的试卷会导致评分更加严格。

2. 题型：不同题型的评分标准也有所不同，例如阅读理解、写作等题型有各自的评分细则。

3. 分值：分值也是评分标准的重要组成部分，不同题型的分值会对评分的权重产生影响。

对于具体分值，英语知识运用、阅读理解、翻译及写作题型和分值情况如下：
1. 英语知识运用：总共10分，20题，每题分。

2. 阅读理解：A节共4篇文章，每篇5题，共20题，每题2分；B节共1
篇文章，5题，每题2分；C节翻译1篇文章，15分。

3. 写作：A节应用文10分，B节议论文15分。

建议查询官方渠道以获取最准确的信息。

英语二试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. A) What is the man going to do?A. Go to the library.B. Go to the cinema.C. Go to the concert.D. Go to the museum.B) What does the woman suggest?A. Going to the beach.B. Going to the park.C. Going to the restaurant.D. Going to the theater.[答案] 1. A 2. B二、阅读理解（共30分）A.根据文章内容，回答以下问题：1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. Why does the author think that reading is important?3. What are the benefits of reading according to the passage?[答案]1. The main idea is that reading is a valuable habit.2. The author believes reading is important because it can broaden one's horizons.3. The benefits include gaining knowledge, improving languageskills, and enhancing imagination.B.Read the following text and answer the questions:1. What is the text mainly about?2. What does the author suggest for dealing with stress?3. How can exercise help in reducing stress?[答案]1. The text is mainly about the effects of stress on health.2. The author suggests relaxation techniques and proper time management as ways to deal with stress.3. Exercise can help reduce stress by releasing endorphins and providing a healthy outlet for tension.三、完形填空（共20分）[文章略]1. The word that best fits the blank is ______.2. The correct phrase to complete the sentence is ______.3. The appropriate conjunction to use here is ______.[答案]1. opportunity2. make a difference3. however四、翻译（共15分）1. 请将下列句子从中文翻译成英文：- 他每天花很多时间学习英语。

英语二教材
《英语二》教材是一本广泛应用于中国英语学习者的教材，通常作为大学英语教学的主要教材之一。

该教材由多位经验丰富的英语教育专家编写，旨在帮助学生提高英语听、说、读、写四项基本技能，同时加强英语语言知识的掌握。

《英语二》教材的内容丰富多样，包括文本阅读、词汇学习、语法讲解、听力训练、口语练习、写作指导等多个方面。

教材中的材料选取贴近生活，涵盖文化、历史、科技、社会等多个领域，使学生在学习英语的同时，也能了解到丰富的知识信息。

在教材的结构上，《英语二》通常分为多个单元，每个单元包含多个学习任务，包括阅读理解、词汇练习、语法练习、听力练习、口语练习和写作练习等。

这样的结构安排有助于学生系统地学习英语，逐步提高各项技能。

《英语二》教材的特点如下：
1. 实用性强：教材内容紧密结合实际生活，帮助学生学以致用，提高英语应用能力。

2. 系统性强：教材按照一定的教学大纲和课程体系进行编排，有助于学生系统地学习英语。

3. 知识面广：教材涵盖多个领域的知识，学生在学习英语的同时，也能扩大自己的知识面。

4. 培养综合能力：教材注重培养学生的听、说、读、写四项基本技能，提高学生的综合英语水平。

5. 辅助材料丰富：教材附带听力材料、电子教案、在线资源等辅助材料，为学生提供更多学习资源。

《英语二》教材在中国的英语教学中发挥着重要作用，帮助无数学习者提高了英语水平。

使用该教材学习英语，学生可以获得系统性的训练，掌握一定的英语语言知识，提高自己的综合素质，为未来的学习和工作打下坚实基础。

山西自考英语二试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

A篇In the past few years, there has been a significant increase in the number of people who work from home. This trend has been driven by advancements in technology, which have made it easier for employees to connect with their colleagues and complete their tasks remotely. Working from home offers several benefits, including a better work-life balance and reduced commuting time. However, it also presents challenges such as isolation and the need for self-discipline.1. What is the main reason for the increase in remote work?a) Better work-life balanceb) Technological advancementsc) Reduced commuting timed) Isolation2. What benefits are mentioned in the passage for working from home?a) Increased productivityb) Better work-life balancec) More frequent promotionsd) Higher salaries3. What challenges does remote work present?a) Technological issuesb) Isolationc) Office politicsd) Long working hoursB篇The concept of lifelong learning has gained popularity in recent years. It emphasizes the importance of continuous education and skill development throughout one's life. Lifelong learning can take various forms, from formal education to self-directed learning and online courses. The benefits of lifelong learning are numerous, including personal growth, increased employability, and the ability to adapt to changes in the job market.4. What is the main idea of lifelong learning?a) The importance of formal educationb) Continuous education throughout lifec) The need for online coursesd) The benefits of self-directed learning5. What are some forms that lifelong learning can take?a) Formal education onlyb) Self-directed learning and online coursesc) Job promotions and raisesd) Networking and professional events6. What are the benefits of lifelong learning?a) Personal growth and adaptabilityb) Higher starting salariesc) Increased job securityd) Access to better job titles二、词汇与语法（共30分，每题3分）7. The company has been ________ for its innovative approach to problem-solving.a) criticizedb) recognizedc) ignoredd) forgotten8. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work was not________.a) delayedb) advancedc) canceledd) resumed9. She has a ________ knowledge of French, which allows her to communicate effectively with French speakers.a) limitedb) profoundc) superficiald) basic10. The new policy will come into ________ next month.a) actionb) effectc) forced) operation三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

自学考试英语二和全国英语等级考试三级是两个不同的英语考试，它们在以下方面有所区别：
1. 考试对象和目的：自学考试英语二是为了检测自考生的英语水平，是自学考试中的一门课程；而全国英语等级考试三级是为了评估非英语专业学生的英语能力，是一个独立的英语水平考试。

2. 考试内容和难度：自学考试英语二的内容主要涵盖英语语法、词汇、阅读、写作等方面，难度相对较低；而全国英语等级考试三级的内容更加全面，包括听力、阅读、写作、口语等多个方面，难度相对较高。

3. 考试形式：自学考试英语二通常采用笔试的形式进行；而全国英语等级考试三级则可能包括笔试和口试两个部分。

4. 认可度和用途：自学考试英语二的成绩主要用于自学考试的学分认定和毕业要求；而全国英语等级考试三级的成绩在一定程度上可以证明考生的英语水平，对于求职、升学、出国留学等方面有一定的参考价值。

需要注意的是，具体的考试内容、形式和要求可能会因地区、院校和考试机构的不同而有所差异。

如果你有意参加这两个考试，建议你详细了解相关的考试信息和要求，并根据自己的需求和实际情况选择适合的考试。

同时，提前做好充分的准备，包括系统学习英语知识、进行练习和模拟考试等，以提高通过考试的机会。

考研英语二考试技巧
考研英语二考试技巧包括以下几个方面：
1.掌握核心词汇和词组：对于阅读、完形填空和翻译等题型，核心词汇和词
组是关键。

因此，建议考生通过背诵和默写的方式掌握这些词汇和词组。

2.熟悉考试题型和时间分配：考生需要了解每种题型的分值和难度，合理分
配时间。

在考试中，先做自己熟悉的题型，合理规划时间，避免因为时间不够而影响后面的题目。

3.注重阅读理解：阅读理解是分值最高的题型，建议考生先读问题再阅读文
章，通过关键词定位答案。

在阅读文章时，注意转折词、列举词、序数词等关键信息，理解文章结构和逻辑关系。

4.完形填空注重语境和词汇辨析：完形填空考察词汇的辨析和语境理解，考
生需要注意上下文语义和语境的变化，根据语境选择合适的词汇。

5.翻译注重语法和表达方式：翻译题要求考生有较好的语法和表达能力，在
翻译时要注意语序的调整和表达方式的变换，尽量做到语言流畅、准确传达原文意思。

6.作文注重语言规范和结构清晰：英语二的作文要求语言规范、结构清晰。

考生可以在平时练习中多背诵优秀范文，学习范文的行文方式和表达方式，提高自己的写作水平。

7.模拟考试和真题训练：模拟考试和真题训练是提高考试成绩的有效途径。

考生可以通过模拟考试熟悉考试形式和时间分配，同时也可以通过真题训练提高自己的做题技巧和准确性。

综上所述，考生需要全面了解考试技巧，注重词汇、阅读、完形填空、翻译、作文等方面的训练，通过模拟考试和真题训练提高自己的应试能力。

同时，也需要注意时间分配和做题顺序的规划，确保在考试中能够发挥出自己的最佳水平。

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英语二新题型类型
英语二的新题型包括以下三种类型：
1. 七选五：该题型从一篇总长度为500~600词的文章中留出5段空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出5段文字进行补全。

2. 小标题：该题型为一篇长度为450~550词的文章，要求考生根据文章内容为每段选择一个能概括其内容的标题。

3. 正误判断：该题型为一段750~850词的文章，其中包含5个句子，要求考生根据文章内容判断这5个句子或陈述的正误。

以上内容仅供参考，建议查阅英语二考试大纲或咨询专业教师，获取更准确的信息。

英语二和英语一的区别英语二和英语一是国内大学英语四级和六级考试的两个不同级别的考试，它们在考试内容、难度和要求方面存在一些区别。

下面是对这两个考试的一些详细介绍。

一、考试内容：1. 英语一：英语一是大学英语四级考试，主要测试学生的听力、阅读、写作和翻译能力。

听力部分主要包括听力理解和听写，考察学生对主要信息、细节信息和推理信息的理解能力。

阅读部分主要考查学生对文章的主旨理解、细节理解和推理判断能力。

写作部分要求学生根据所给的题目写出一定长度的文章，测试学生的表达能力和语言运用能力。

翻译部分要求学生在规定的时间内将一段中文翻译成英文，考察学生的语言转换和语言组织能力。

2. 英语二：英语二是大学英语六级考试，主要测试学生的听力、阅读、写作和翻译能力。

听力部分主要包括听力理解和听写，考察学生对主要信息、细节信息和推理信息的理解能力。

阅读部分主要考查学生对文章的主旨理解、细节理解和推理判断能力。

写作部分要求学生根据所给的题目写出一定长度的文章，测试学生的表达能力和语言运用能力。

翻译部分要求学生在规定的时间内将一段英文翻译成中文，考察学生对英语语法和词汇的理解以及中文表达的能力。

二、难度级别：1. 英语一：英语一是四级考试，相对于英语二来说难度较低。

题目更注重基础知识和语言应用，对于词汇量和语法掌握程度要求较低。

听力和阅读部分主要出现较长的对话和文章，难度适中。

2. 英语二：英语二是六级考试，相对于英语一来说难度较高。

题目更注重语法规则和高级词汇的掌握，要求学生对语法和词汇有较好的理解。

听力和阅读部分主要出现较长且更复杂的对话和文章，难度较大。

三、考试要求：1. 英语一：英语一注重考察学生对基础知识和基本语言运用的掌握，要求学生能够正确理解和表达简单的信息和观点。

写作部分要求学生能够熟练运用基本的写作技巧和表达方式。

2. 英语二：英语二注重考察学生对语法规则、高级词汇和语言运用的掌握，要求学生能够正确理解和表达较复杂的信息和观点。

2023年考研英语二真题及答案（考生回忆版）1.A：purchaseB：profitC：connectionD：bet答案：A2.A DefineB.PredictC.PrioritizeD.Appreciate答案：B3.A.exclusivelyB.temporarilyC.potentiallyD.initially答案：C4.A.ExperimentB.ProposalC.DebateD.Example答案：D5.A.DenticalB.MarginalC.ProvisionalD.Traditional答案：A6.A RumorB.SecretC.MythD Problem答案：D7.A DespiteB.UnlikeC.ThroughD Beside答案：D8A.moreoverB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Again答案：A9A.inspectedB.createdC.expandedD.reformed答案：B10.A.CulturalB.ObjectiveC.FreshD.Personal答案：B11.A.EndB.BurdenckD.Decrease答案：C12.A.PolicuyB.SuggestionC.PurposeD.Insight答案：C13.A.ContributingB.AllocatingC.PromotingD.Transforming 答案：D14.A.As a resultB.At any rateC.By the wayD.In a sense 答案：A15.A.UniteB.FinanceC.FollowD.Cloose答案：A16.A.shareB.identifyC.divideD.broaden答案：C17.A.AnnouncementB.AssessmentC.AdjustmentD.Accomplishment答案：C18.A.FamousB.ResponsibleC.AvailableD.Respective答案：B19.A.BeforeB.onceC.whileD.unless答案：C20.A.serveB.limitC.summerizeD.alter答案：D21.the RHS thinks that plastic grassA. is harmful to the environment.B. is a hot topic in gardening circles.C. is overpraised in theD.is ruining the view of WEST London.答案：A22.the petitions mentioned in para 3reveal the campaigner'sA.disapoint with the RHSB.resistance too fake grass useC.anger over the proposed taxD.concern about real grass supply答案：B23、In para 4,supporters of fake grasspoint outA.the necessity to lower the costs of fakegrass.B.the cdisadvantages of groeing realgrass.D、the challenges of iinsect habitat protection.24.what would the government do withregard to artificial grass?A.urge legislation to restrict itsuse.B.take measures to guarantee its qualityC.remind its users to obey existing rules.D.replace it with suatainable alternatives25.It can be learned from the text thatfake grassA.is being improved continuous;yB.has been a market share declineC.is becoming affordableD.has been a controversial product阅读理解It's easy to dismiss as absurd the Trump administration's ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone really think it's a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park? But the administration is right about one thing： U.S.national parks are in crisis. Collectively，they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. Roads，trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling.But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be the panacea that the Interior Department's Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us believe. Campgrounds are a tiny portion of the overall infrastructure backlog, and concessionaires in the parks hand over on average only about 5% of their revenues to the National Park Service. Moreover，increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the maior reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily lite.The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining how U.S. residents view their national parks，and we found that Americans place a very high value on them ——whether or not they actually visit them. The peer-reviewed economic survey of 700 U.S.taxpayers， conducted by mail and internet also found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount of money to make sure the parks and their programs are kept intact. Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.The national parks provide great value to U.S residents both as places to escape and as symbols of nature. On top of this， they produce value from their extensive educational programs, their positive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration，their contribution to our cultural and artistic life， and of course through tourism. The parks also help keep America' s past alive， working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites ——including Ellis Island and Gettysburg——and to bring the stories of these places to life. The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates only S3 billion a year to the national park system — an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile， the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980，and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.26.What problem are us national parks faced with?A.decline of business profitsB.inadequate commercializationck of transportation servicesD.poorly maintained infractructure答案：D27.Increased privatization of the campground mayA.spoil visitor experienceB.help preserve natureC.bring operational pressureD.boost visits to parks答案：A28、According to paragraphs5 most respondents in the survey wouldA、go to the national parks on a regular basisB、advocate a bigger budget for the national parksC、agree to pay extra for the national parksD、support the national parks'rrecent reforms答案：C29、The national parks are valuable in that theyA.lead the way in tourismB.have historical significanceC.sponsor research on climateD.provide an income for the locals答案：B30、It can be conclude from the text that the nationalpark systemA.is able to cope with staff shortagesB.is able to meet visitor'demandsC.is in need of a new pricing policyD.is in need of a funding increase答案：D31.It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that dark patternsA、iimprove user expenenceB、leak user information for profitC、undermine users'decision-makingD、remind users of hidden costs32.The 2019 study on dark patterns is mentioned to showA、their major flawsB、their complex designsC、their severe damageD、their strong presence33.To handle digital deception，businesses shouldA、listen to customer feedbackB、talk with relevant teamsC、turn to independent agenciesD、rely on professional training34.The additional regulations under the CCPA are intended toA、guide users through opt-out processesB、protect consumers from being trickedC、grant companies data privacy rightsD、restrict access to problematic content35、According to the last paragraph,a key to copingwith dark patterns isA、new legal requirementsB、businesses'self-disciplineC、strict regulatory standardsD、consumers'safety awareness36.Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes areA、hard to determineB、narrowly interpretedC、difficult to ignoreD、poorly summarized37.Which of the following is a reason for the researchers to study meat-eating?A、It is common among students.B、It is a behavior easy to measure.C、It is important to students'healthD、It is a hot topic in ethics classes.38,Eric Schwitzgebel's previous findings suggest that ethics professorsA、are seldom critical of their studentsB、are less sociable than other professorsC、are not sensitive to political issuesD、are not necessarily ethically better39、Nina Strohminger thinks that the effect of the intervention isA、permanentB、predictableC、uncertainD、unrepeatable40.Eric Schwitzgebel suspects that the students'changein behaviorA、can bring psychological benefitsB、can be analyzed statisticallyC、is a result of multiple factorsD、is a sign of self-development阅读理解Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on the ANSWERSHEET(10 points)Net-zero rules set to send cost of new homes andextensions soaring. Now building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.The rules,which came into effect on Wednesdayin England are part of government plans to reduce the UK's carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years,and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs are already driving up bills.Brian Berry,chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders,says the measures will require new materials,testing methods.Gareth Belsham of surveyors Naismiths,says people who are upgrading or extending their home,will be directing affected.Windows and doors will have to adhere to higherstandards.Thomas Goodman,of MyJobQuote,says this willbrig in new restrictions for extensions.As the rules come into effect last Wednesday property developers Builders which have costed projects,but have not filed the paperwork,my Materials prices are already up 25%in the last two years.John Kelly,a construction lawyer at Freeths lawfirm believes prices will eventually come down.However,the long-tern effects of the changes willbe more comfortable.41.Briam Beny42.Gareth Belsham43.Marous Jefford44.John kelly45.Andrew MellorA.the rise of home prices is a temporary matter.B.Builders possibly need to submit newestimates of their....C.There will be specific limits on home extesibusto premit heat lossD.The new rules will take home price to an evenhigher levelE.Many people feel that home prices are alreadybeyond what they can afford.F.The new rules will affect people whose homeextensious include new windows or doorsG.The changes will benefit homeownerseventually.翻译46.Directions：Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)In the late 18th century，William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature. And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism，which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.Poetry is powerful. lts energy and rhythm can capture a reader，transport them to another world and make them see things differently. Through carefull selected words and phrases，poems can be dramatic，funny，beautiful，moving and inspiring .No one knows for sure when poetry began but ithas been around for thousands of years,even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poems really come to life when they are recited.This can also help with understanding them too，because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.18世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。

2023年考研英语二真题及答案完好版2023年考研英语二真题及答案完好版考研英语二真题：Section I Use of EnglishDirections： Read the following text. Choose the best word〔s〕 for each numbered black and mark A，B， C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 〔10 points〕Harlan Coben believes that if you are a writer，you will find the time； and that if you can＇t find the time， then writing isn＇t a priority， and you are not a writer. For him， writing is a __1__ job—a job like any other. He has __2__ it with plumbing，pointing out that a plumber doesn＇t wake up and say that he can＇t work with pipes today.__3__， like most writers these days， you＇re holding down a job to pay the bills， it＇s not __4__ to find the time to write. But it＇s not impossible. It requires determination and single-mindedness. __5__ that most bestselling authors began writing when theywere doing other things to earn a living. And today，even writers who are fairly __6__ often have to do other work to __7__ their writing ine.As Harlan Coben has suggested it＇s a __8__ of priorities. To make writing a priority， you＇ll have to __9__ some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy.There＇s just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for， __16__ your writing and that＇s reading. Any write needs to read as much and as wildly as they can. It＇s the one __17__ supporter—something you can＇t do without.1. [A] difficult [B] normal [C] steady [D] pleasant2. [A] bined [B] pared [C] confused [D] confronted3. [A] If [B] Though [C] Once [D] Unless4. [A] enough [B] strange [C] wrong [D] easy5. [A] Accept [B] Explain [C] Remember [D] Suppose6. [A] well-known [B] well-advised [C] well-informed [D] well-chosen7. [A] donate [B] generate [C] supplement [D] calculate8. [A] cause [B] purpose [C] question [D] condition9. [A] highlight [B] sacrifice [C] continue [D] explore10. [A] relations [B] interests [C] memories [D] skills11. [A] until [B] because [C] while [D] before12. [A] put up with [B] make up for [C] hang onto[D] cut down on13. [A] intelligent [B] occasional [C] intensive[D] emotional14. [A] habit [B] test [C] decision [D] plan15. [A] tough [B] gentle [C] rapid [D] funny16. [A] in place of [B] in charge of [C] in response to [D] in addition to17. [A] indispensable [B] innovative [C] invisible[D] instant18. [A] duller [B] harder [C] quieter [D] quicker19. [A] peacefully [B] generously [C] productively[D] gratefully20. [A] at most [B] in turn [C] on average [D] above allSection II Reading prehensionPart ADirections： Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A， B， C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 〔40 points〕Text 1＂I＇m excited about our progresses，＂ says Brown， who harvests eggs for Denver-based Nest Fresh Eggs and is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat. The birds＇waste then fertilizes fields. Such improvements ＂allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land， the hens， and the eggs that we supply to our customers.＂The egg industry＇s push is the first major testof whether animal products from regenerative farms canbee the next premium offering. In barely more than a decade， organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart. More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats， but both have exploded into major supermarket categories. If the sustainable-egg roll out is successful， it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef broccoli and beyond.Regenerative products could be a hard sell，because the concept is tough to define quickly， says Julie Stanton， associate professor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine. Such farming also brings minimal， if any，improvement to the food products 〔though some producers say their eggs have more protein〕.The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range， non-GMO， and pasture-raised eggs will embrace sustainability. Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change， and some ofthe success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the enviro____ent. Young adults ＂really care about the pla，＂ says John Brunnquell altering the food chain beyond what I think even they understand what they＇re doing.＂[A] at a considerably low cost[B] at the demand of regular shoppers[C] as a replacement for organic eggs[D] on specially designed farms22. Larry Brown is excited about his progress in__________[A] reducing the damage of worms[B] accelerating the disposal of waste[C] creating a sustainable system[D] attracting customers to his products23. The exle of organic eggs is used in the fourth paragraph is to suggest ________[A] the doubts to over natural feeds[B] the setbacks in the eggs industry[C] the potential of regenerative products[D] the promotional success of super markets24. It can be learned from the last paragraph that young people __________[A] are reluctant to change their diet[C] are curious about new food[D] are amazed at agriculture advance25. John Brunnquell would disagree with Julie Stanton over regenerative products in __________[A] markets prospects[B] nutritional value[C] standard definition[D] moral implicationText 2One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life， according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. Even more surprising is that more than half of ＂unretirees＂—those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring—said they would be employed in their lateryears even if they had enough money to settle down，the survey showed.＂The concept of retirement is evolving，＂ said Christine Russell， senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade. ＂It＇s not just about finances. The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement.＂One reason for the change in retirement patterns：Americans are living longer. The share of the population 65 and older was 16%in 2023， up 3.2% from the prior year， according to the U.S Census Bureau. That＇s also up 30.2% since 2023.Because of longer life spans， Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs，the TD Ameritrade study showed， which surveyed 2000 adults between 40 to 79. Six in 10 ＂unretirees＂ are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life， according to the survey. Among the most popular ways they are doing this， the pany said， is by reducing their overall expenses， securing lifeinsurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts.＂The most challenging moments in life are getting married， starting a family and ultimatelyretiring，＂ Facet Wealth cofounder Brent Weiss told USA Today. ＂It＇s not just a financial decision， but an emotional one. Many people believe they can＇t retire.＂26. The survey conducted by Harris Poll indicates that __________[A] over half of the retirees are physically fit for work[B] the old workforce is as active as the younger one[C] one in three Americans enjoy earlierretirement[D] more Americans are willing to work in retirement[A] retirement may cause problems for them[B] boredom can be relieved after retirement[C] the mental health of retirees is overlooked[D] ＂unretirement＂ contributes to the economy28. Retirement patterns are changing partly due to __________[A] labor shortages[B] population growth[C] longer life expectancy[D] rising living costs29. Many retires are increasing in savings by__________[A] investing more in stocks[B] taking up odd jobs[C] getting well paid work30. With regard to retirement， Brent Weiss thinks that many people are __________[A] unprepared[B] unafraid[C] disappointed[D] enthusiasticText 3We have all encountered them， in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the timesyou felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was later difficult to cancel something that should be simple and transparent can be plicated， intentionally or unintentionally， in ways that impair consumer choice. These are exles of dark patterns.First coined in 2023 by user experience expert Harry Brignull，＂dark patterns＂ is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of mon dark patterns，ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to roach motel， where user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start， but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.Where is the line between ethical， persuasive design and dark patterns？ Businesses should engage in conversations with IT， pliance， risk， and legal teams to review their privacy policy， and include in the discussion the customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the pany＇s userinterface， as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups checkout baskets， pricing，and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding ＂digital deception＂.Lawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguity around dark patterns， most recently at the state level. In March， the California Attorney General announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act 〔CCPA〕 that ensures that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights. The regulations aim to ban dark pattern—this means prohibiting panies from using confusing language or unnecessary steps such asforcing them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn＇t opt out.As more states consider promulgating additional regulations， there is a need for greater accountability from within the business munity. Dark patterns also be addressed on a self-regulatory basis， but only if organizations hold themselvesaccountable， not just to legal requirements， but also to industry best practices and standard.31. It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that dark patterns __________.[A] improve user experiences[B] leak user information for profit[C] undermine users＇ decision-making[D] remind users of hidden costs32. The 2023 study on dark patterns is mentioned to show __________.[A] their major flaws[B] their plex designs[C] their severe damage[D] their strong presence33. To handle digital deception， businesses should __________.[A] listen to customer feedback[B] talk with relevant teams[D] rely on professional training[A] guide users through opt-out processes[B] protect consumers from being tricked[C] grant panies data privacy rights[D] restrict access to problematic content35. According to the last paragraph， a key to coping with dark patterns is __________.[A] new legal requirements[B] businesses＇ self -discipline[C] strict regulatory standards[D] consumers＇ safety awarenessText 4Although ethics classes are mon around the world，scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior， evidence either way is weak，relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports. But a new study published in Cognition found that， in at least one real-world situation， a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.The researchers investigated one class sessions＇impact on eating meat. They chose this particular behavior for three reasons， according to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel， a philosopher at theUniversity of California， Riverside： students＇attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable，behavior is easily measurable， and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good becauseit reduces enviro____ental harm and animal suffering. Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat，optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The other half focused on charitable giving instead.Then， unknown to the students， the researchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semester—nearly 14，000 receipts for almost 500 students. Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect； he had previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors， including voting rates，blood donation and returning library books. But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics， meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent-and this effect held steady for the study＇sduration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent.That＇s actually a pretty large effect for apretty small intervention， Schwitzgebel says. Psychologist Nina Strohminger at the University of Pennsylvania， who was not involved in the study，says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable. And if real she notes， it might be reversible by another nudge：＂Easy e， easy go.＂Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence - classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism， showing it as achievable or more mon. Second， the video may have had an emotional impact. Least rousing， he thinks， was rational argument， although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role. Now there searchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style， teaching assistant＇s eating habits and students＇ videoexposure Meanwhile Schwitzgebel who had predicted no effect-will be eating his words.36. Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes are __________.[A] hard to determine[B] narrowly interpreted[C] difficult to ignore[D] poorly summarized37. Which of the following is a reason for the researchers to study meat-eating？[A] It is mon among students.[B] It is a behavior easy to measure.[C] It is important to students＇ health.[D] It is a hot topic in ethics classes38. Eric Schwitzgebel＇s previous findings suggest that ethics professors __________.[A] are seldom critical of their students[B] are less sociable than other professors[C] are not sensitive to political issues[D] are not necessarily ethically better39. Nina Strohminger thinks that effect of the intervention is __________.[A] permanent[B] predictable[C] uncertain[D] unrepeatable40. Eric Schwitzgebel suspects that the students＇change in behavior __________.[A] can bring psychological benefits[B] can be analyzed statistically[C] is a result of multiple factors[D] is a sign of self-developmentPart BDirections： Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitle from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph 〔41-45〕. There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. 〔10 points〕[A] Make it a habit[B] Don＇t go it alone[C] Start low， go slow[D] Talk with your doctor[E] Listen to your body[F] Go through the motions[G] Round out your routineHow to Get Active AgainGetting back into exercise after a break can be a challenge in the best of times， but with gyms and in-person exercise classes off-limits to many people these days， it can be tricky to know where to start. And it is important to get the right dose ofactivity. ＂Too much too soon either results in injury or burnout，＂ says Mary Yoke， PhD， a faculty member in the kinesiology department at Indiana University in Bloomington. The following simple strategies will help you return to exercise safely after a break.41. ___________________________Don＇t try to go back to what you were doing before your break. If you were walking 3 miles a day，playing 18 holes of golf three times a week， orlifting 10-pound dumbbells for three sets of 10 reps，reduce activity to half a mile every other day， or nine holes of golf once a week with short walks on other days， or use 5-pound dumbbells for one set of 10 reps. Increase time， distance， and intensity gradually. ＂This isn＇t something you can do overnight，＂ says Keri L. Denay， MD. lead author of a recent American College of Sports Medicine advisory that encourages Americans to not overlook the benefits of activity during the pandemic. But you＇ll reap benefits such as less anxiety and improved sleep right away.42. ___________________________If you＇re breathing too hard to talk in plete sentences， back off. If you feel good， go a little longer or faster. Feeling wiped out after a session？Go easier next time. And stay alert to serious symptoms， such as chest pain or pressure， severe shortness of breath or dizziness， or faintness， and seek medical attention immediately.43. ___________________________44. ___________________________Even if you can＇t yet do a favorite activity，you can practice the moves. With or without a club or racket swing like you＇re hitting the ball. Paddlelike you＇re in a kayak or canoe. Mimic your favorite swimming strokes. The action will remind you of the joy the activity brought you and prime your musclesfor when you can get out there again.45. ___________________________Section III Translation46. Directions： In this section there is a textin English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. 〔15 points〕Although we try out best， sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned. Changes in the light， the limitations of your painting materials，and the lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not e to life the way that you expected.Although this can be frustrating and disappointing， it turns out that this can actually be good for you. Unexpected results have two benefits：you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment and realize that when one door closes， another opens. You also quickly learn to adapt and e up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents and thinking outside the box will bee your second nature.In fact， creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life， with which you are more likely to be able to find a solution when a problem arises.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions：Suppose you are planning a cus food festival，write an email to international students in your university to1〕 introduce the food festival2〕 invite them to participateYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET. 〔10 points〕Do not use your own name. Use ＂Li Ming＂ instead.Part B48. Directions：Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing， you should1〕 interpret the chart and2〕 give your mentsYou should write about 150 words in the ANSWER SHEET. 〔15 points〕考研英语二答案：Section I Use of English1-5 BBADC 6-10 ACCBB 11-15 CDBAA 16-20 DADCDSection II Reading prehension21-25 DCCBA 26-30 DACDA 31-35 CDBBB 36-40 ABDCC41-45 CEAFBSection III Translation46. 参考译文虽然我们会竭尽全力，但有时我们的画作还是会和我们本来设想的不太一样。

考研英语二真题及答案考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）xx年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) foreach numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWERSHEET.(10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a futurewithout work .Today is no different, with academics,writers, and activists once again 1 that technology bereplacing human workers. Some imagine that the ing work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people willown all the capital, and the masses will struggle in animpoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that thefuture will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 bypurposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 ,people will simply beelazy and depresse d. 6 , today’sunemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. OneGallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who havebeen unemployed for at least a year report havingdepression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, someresearch suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educatedmiddle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhapsthis is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a joblessfuture.But it doesn’t 11 followfrom findings like these tha ta world without work would be filled with unease. Suchvisions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in asociety built on the concept of employment. In the 13 ofwork, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14strikingly different circumstanced for the future of laborand leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a wasteof human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at theNational University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 formost workers, people use their free time to counterbalancethe intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I ehome from a hard day’s work, I often feel 18 ,” Danahersays, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to wo rk,I might feel ratherdifferent”—perhaps different enoughto throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with theintensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring【答案】[C] warning2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability[D]uncertainty【谜底】[A] inequality3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction【答案】[D] prediction4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured【答案】[A] characterized5.[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom【谜底】[B] meaning6.[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless【谜底】[B] Indeed7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated【谜底】[C] working8.[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] pensation [D]substitute【答案】[A] explanation9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among【答案】[D] among10.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] setaside【答案】[C] worry about11.[A] statistically [B] oasionally [C] necessarily[D]economically【谜底】[C] necessarily12.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D]principles【答案】[B] downsides13.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course【谜底】[A] absence14.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield【答案】[D] yield15.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship【谜底】[C] virtue16.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce【答案】[D] scarce17.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats【谜底】[A] demands18.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved【谜底】[B] tired19.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into【答案】[D] into20.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational[D] interpersonal【谜底】[B] professionalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questionsbelow each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answerson the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000runners set off to run 5km around their local park. TheParkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and hasinspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events arefree, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners rangefrom four years old tograndparents; their times range fromAndrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up toan hour.Parkrun is sueeding where London’s Olympic “legacy”is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced thatthe Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planningdocuments pledged that the great legacy of the Games wouldbe to level a nation of sport lovers away from theircouches. The population would be fitter, healthier andproduce more winners. It has not happened. The number ofadults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million inthe run—up to xx—but the general population was growingfaster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an aeleratingrate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing atleast two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesityhas risen among adults and children. Officialretrospections continue as to why London xx failed to“inspire a generation.” The suess of Parkrun offersanswers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your onlypetitor is the clock. The ethos weles anybody. There is asmuch joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped overthe line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympicbidders, by contrast, wanted to getmore people doingsports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim wasmixed up: The stress on suess over taking part was intimidating for newers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the stategetting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally“grassroots”, concept as munity sports associations. Ifthere is a role for government, it should really be gettinginvolved in providing mon goods—making sure there is spacefor playing fields and the money to pave tennis and ballcourts, and encouraging the provision of all theseactivities in schools. But suessive governments havepresided over selling green spaces, squeezing money fromlocal authorities and declining attention on sport ineducation. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, futuregovernments need to do more to provide the conditions forsport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. Aording to Paragraph1, Parkrun has .[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened munity ties[D] bee an official festival【谜底】[A] gained great popularity22. The author believes tha t London’sOlympic“legacy” has failed to .[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city’s image[D] increase sport hours in schools【答案】[B] promote sport participation23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it .[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass petition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers【答案】[C] does not emphasize elitism24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds thatgovernments should .[A] organize “grassroots” sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities【谜底】[D] invest in public sports facilities25. The author’s attitude to what UK governments havedone for sports is .[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympathetic【谜底】[B] critical。

考研英语二单词大全以下是考研英语二单词的大致列表：1. adapt 适应2. adopt 采用3. address 地址4. adult 成人5. advance 前进6. adventure 冒险7. advertise 广告8. advice 建议9. afford 负担得起10. afraid 害怕的11. after 在...之后12. afternoon 下午13. again 再次14. against 反对15. age 年龄16. ago 以前17. agree 同意18. agriculture 农业19. ahead 在前面20. aid 帮助21. alive 活着的22. alone 独自的23. almost 几乎24. aloud 大声地25. also 也26. alter 改变27. although 尽管28. always 总是29. America 美国30. American 美国的；美国人；美洲人31. among 在...中间；在...之中32. ancient 古代的；古老的33. and 和；又；并且34. anger 愤怒35. angrier 更生气的36. angered 生气的37. ancient 古代的；古老的38. angle 角度；角落；角度；鱼钩39. angry 生气的；愤怒的40. animal 动物41. annual 年度的；每年的42. another 再一个；另一个43. answering (打电话)接电话的；答复的；应对的44. antique 古董的；古式的；仿古的；典雅的；雅致的(常用于衣物或家具)古典的；古代的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古代风格的；古风的(指人或事物)古老的；古老的(指钱币或艺术品)仿古的；古风的古董的；过时的(常用于衣物或家具)仿古的；古风的(指钱币或艺术品)古代的；古典的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古典风格的；古风的(指人或事物)古董的；过时的(常用于衣物或家具)古典的；古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古风的(指人或事物)古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古典风格的(指人或事物)古典的；古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古风的(指人或事物)古典风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古代风格的(指人或事物)古典风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古代风格的(指人或事物)古风的(指人或事物)古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古典风格的(指人或事物)古风的(指人或事物)古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古风的(指人或事物)古典风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古代风格的(指人或事物)古风的(指人或事物)古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古风的(指人或事物)古典风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古代风格的(指人或事物)古风的(指人或事物)古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古风的(指人或事物)古典风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古代风格的(指人或事物)古风的(指人或事物)古代风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古风的(指人或事物)古典风格的(指文学、艺术或音乐)古代风格的(指人或事物)。

2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试（英语二）参考答案及解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishHere’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 ,upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth, team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals. This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1.A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet2.A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate3.A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially4.A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example5.A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional6.A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem7.A. despite B. unlike C. through D. besides8.A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again9.A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed10.A.cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal11.A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease12.A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight13.A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring14.A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In a sense15.A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose16.A. share B. identify C. divide D. broaden17.A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment18.A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable19.A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless20.A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alter【1】B. profit 原文提到“小公司的CEO也挣到了大钱”。

考研英语二概述考研英语二是研究生入学考试中的一部分，主要考查考生的英语听力和阅读理解能力。

这一科目在考研中的重要性不言而喻，往往也是考生们最为担心和焦虑的科目之一。

本文将从以下几个方面介绍考研英语二的内容和备考技巧，帮助考生更好地应对考试。

考试内容考研英语二的考试内容主要包括以下两个部分：1.听力：考生需要听取一段英语录音，并根据听到的内容进行选择、判断或填空。

听力材料通常包括对话、独白和讲座等不同类型的文本，内容涉及日常生活、学术科研等各个领域。

2.阅读理解：考生需要阅读一篇英语短文，然后回答相关的问题。

阅读材料一般为学术性或实用性文章，题目形式包括选择、判断和填空等。

备考技巧1.听力备考技巧：–多听多练：听力技巧需要长期积累和练习，考生可通过听英语电影、英语新闻等提高听力理解能力。

–注意细节：听力材料中会涉及到一些细节信息，考生在听的过程中要特别注意这些信息，并能够准确地理解和回答有关问题。

–增加听力速度：考试中听力材料的播放速度比较快，考生可以通过听一些快速口语来提高自己的听力速度。

2.阅读理解备考技巧：–阅读技巧：考生应学会快速浏览文章，抓住关键信息。

同时，要注意文章的逻辑结构和段落之间的关系。

–积累词汇：阅读理解中常常会遇到生词，考生可以通过积累常用的词汇和短语来提高自己的阅读理解能力。

–刷题训练：找一些真实的考研英语二模拟试题进行刷题训练，熟悉题型和答题技巧。

备考建议1.制定计划：考生应提前制定备考计划，并合理安排每天的学习时间。

要有目标性，有针对性地进行备考。

2.多样化练习：除了做题目，考生还可以听英语广播、看英语新闻、参加英语角等形式的练习，提高自己的英语综合素质。

3.注意健康：备考是一项长期而艰辛的过程，考生要注意保持良好的生活习惯和作息时间，注意合理安排休息和运动。

4.考试策略：在考试过程中，考生要注意把握好时间，先易后难，合理划分时间，不要在一道题目上花费过多时间。

总结考研英语二作为考研英语的重要组成部分，对考生的英语听力和阅读理解能力提出了较高要求。