Social Correspondences
Objectives
?Be able to use proper language to deal with different social correspondence situations
?Memorize some common and useful sentence patterns
Letters of Congratulation
1. When do we need to write a letter of congratulation? ?Congratulatory letters are written when there are joyous & happy events, such as your friend?s marriage, birthday, and graduation, receiving an academic degree or a prize or opening a business and so on.
Sept. 20 Dear Paul,
Congratulations on being named this year?s Outstanding Student. That?s terrific!I was so happy for you when I saw the announcement on the school website. Having studied together for two semesters, I know that you very much deserve this honor.
With all the best wishes.
Sincerely,
Gary Dear Denise,
On behalf of Hewlett-Packard Company, I would like to extend our best wishes on your marriage to Peter Leo. We all wish you the happiness of times.
It is always a pleasure to share in the happiness of one of our employees. In your case, it is even more so, because you have been such an important part of our firm.
Best wishes once again.
Sincerely,
Patrick Janice
President
?亲爱的德妮丝：
欣悉您与彼得·利奥先生喜结良缘，我谨代表惠普公司全体员工，向您表示最美好的祝愿。祝新婚快乐！
我们把分享同事的幸福美满，视为一大乐事。对于您来说，更是如此。因为您一直是本公司十分重要的员工。
再次致以最美好的祝愿。
此致
帕特里克·贾尼丝
总裁
Content and structure:
◆For what
◆My feeling about it，your comment on it, your praise to the receiver etc.
◆Good wishes
◆(Again express your congratulation at the end of the letter)
Feature
?Warm, sincere,
?enthusiastic,
?pithy & natural
◆Here is a word of cheer of your 30th birthday.
◆I am delighted to learn that you & your wife are the proud partners of a new baby boy.
◆We are all very delighted to hear the good news of your success.
◆We congratulate you on winning the Customer Service Award.
◆Let me congratulate you on the opening of your new offices in Tokyo.
◆Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion to Minister of Trade.
?I am so pleased/glad/delighted/thrilled to hear that...
?听到……我很高兴。
?Please accept my heartiest congratulations on...
?请接受我衷心的祝贺……
?It was a great pleasure to hear the good news that ...
?听到……的好消息令人高兴。
?Congratulations on...
?祝贺…!
?I hereby wish to express my sincere congratulations to you and wish you achieve more success at this new and challenging position.
?I have learnt from the corporate board that you have been appointed as the Head of Marketing Department.
?Heartfelt congratulations on your graduation from the Graduate School.
?I take pride in your achievements and avail myself of this opportunity to extend to you my best wishes for your
success and happiness.
?假如你是李平，你的朋友高明经过努力，考上了中山大学，请给他写一封对高考胜利的祝贺信。信的开头和结尾已给出。
?[写作内容]
? 1）祝贺他考上著名的中山大学
? 2）对其所付出努力加以肯定
?3）对其未来展望，并予以祝福
?[写作要求]
?只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。
根据所提供的信息点整合成5个中文句子? 1.你已成功地通过高考.
?you have successfully passed the college entrance examination.
? 2.你已被中山大学录取.
?you have been admitted into Zhongshan University.
? 3.在学习上你付出了艰辛的努力.
?You spared no effort on your study.
? 4.不劳无获/有志者,事竞成.
?No pains, no gains.
?Where there is a will, there is a way.
5.你将在大学取得更大进步.
You will have a greater achievement in college.
?请用恰当的连接表达把上述5个句子连贯成篇.
?Dear Gaoming,
We are very happy to know that 你已成功地通过高考. ?Please allow me to give my most sincere congratulations on this occasion that你已被中山大学录取.
?We don’t feel surprised the achievement you have got, because在学习上你付出了艰辛的努力.
?Your success shows the famous proverb, “不劳无获/有志者,事竞成”.
?We strongly believe that你在大学取得更大进步
Yours sincerely,
Li Ping Dear Gaoming,
We are very happy to know that you have successfully passed the college entrance examination this year. Please allow me to give my most sincere congratulations on this occasion that you have been admitted into Zhongshan University (SUN YAT-SEN University). We don?t feel
surprised the achievement you have got, because you have been working so hard and you do well in almost all the subjects. Your success shows the famous proverb, “no pains, no gains”. We strongly believe that you will have a greater achievement in your college with your efforts.
?祝贺信
?Dear_____________,
①I have learned with delight that you_______
②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on_______. ③you must be______. ④And I feel very happy for you.⑤_________ is quite exciting news! (祝贺事由）⑥I know this is surely owing to ________.⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for
your_______ (被祝贺人的优点）。⑧I hope ________.
⑨My best wishes for your further success.(表达自己的愿望）
?Yours sincerely
Li Ming
Social Correspondence
Letters of Thanks
Dear Mrs. Green,
My daughter has written to tell me that you have been very kind to her during her stay in New York.
My husband and I deeply appreciated your courtesy, and we do hope you?ll come to stay together with us for a few days when you are in Beijing. Thank you for your kindness to Lin Fang.
Sincerely yours,
Zhang Yunying
亲爱的格林夫人：
我的女儿林芳来信说，她在纽约受到您无微不至的关怀。
我和我的丈夫对此深表谢意，我们热情希望您来北京时，到我家小住几天。
谢谢对林芳的关照。
此致
张云英
Dear Mr. Smith,
Thank you for your inviting me and some of my colleagues to dinner with you last night. It was an enjoyable occasion and an excellent dinner.
As you know, we value our long-established relationship with your company, and look forward to doing more business with you.
Yours sincerely,
Porsia Yang
亲爱的史密斯先生：
感谢您昨天邀请我和我的几位同事与你们共进晚餐。晚餐气氛愉快而且菜肴丰盛可口。如您所知，我们非常珍视同贵公司的长期友谊，并且期望同你们达成更多的交易。
此致
鲍西亚·杨
Content and structure:
Opening: For what: thank the receiver for what he/she has done.
Focus: the detail event, your feeling about it，your comment on it, etc.:
Closing: thank the reader once again, or good wishes to pay back
?purpose + reason + thanks again
?Express gratitude to properly, don't too exaggeration. Advice at the end of each other as expressed hope returns, appear more sincere wishes.
?这类信件应该写得真挚，不能给人一种草率的印象。?为了表达谢意，应该提及所受到恩惠的具体情况，包括时间、地点、事由等。
Patterns & phrases that can be used in writing thank-you letters
appreciate感激
convey / express one?s appreciation表示感激
cordial衷心的
beyond words难以言表
courtesy礼貌
generosity慷慨
grateful感谢
gratitude感激之情
hospitality好客
moved感动
timely及时的
?Gratitude
?I take this opportunity to express to you my deep appreciation for
the kind assistance you rendered me.
?My appreciation to you for
your generous help is beyond words.
?We are very grateful for /Please accept my sincere appreciation for
such a detailed account of your activities.
?Thanks so much for
your enthusiastic participation in our conference. Compliments
?您的建议非常有价值，我已经读了您推荐的书目并获得了有益的效果。
?Your advice has been very valuable, and I have read the books recommended by you with gratifying results.
?对于您在主持颇具争议的小组座谈时所表现出的非凡能力深受赞赏。
?Your skill in chairing the controversial panel was highly appreciated.
?毫无疑问，如果没有您的参与这次（会议）不会如此成功。?I have no doubt that it would not have been the success that it was without your presence.
?Please accept my sincere appreciation for ...
?请接受我对...真挚的感谢
?It was good (thoughtful) of you ...
?承蒙好意（关心）...
?You were so kind to send ...
?承蒙好意送来...
?Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
?再次感谢您的盛情款待，并期待不久见到您
?I find an ordinary "thank-you" entirely inadequate to tell you how much...
?我觉得一般的感谢的字眼完全不足以表达我对您多么地...
?I wish to express my profound appreciation for ...
?我对..深表谢意
?Many thanks for you generous cooperation
Social Correspondence
Letters of Apology
?Dear Tom,
I?m terribly sorry to tell you that our trip to Beijing has to be called off. The reason why I can?t keep my promise is that I have been asked to attend a school meeting next Sunday.
I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
Considering that I promise to show you around the places of interest of Beijing, I do long for a nice trip with you. How about going on a journey at the end of this month? Please drop me a line soon to tell me your decision.
Once again, I apologize for what I had done.
Best wishes to you.
Structure:
◆Apologize at the beginning of the letter
◆Give some explanation for what happened ; Explain the error
◆Close on a forward-looking determination to prevent further errors, make-up actions, with a positive note
1. I want to apologize for omitting your name in the last issue
2. We are sorry to inform you that we are unable to make delivery on the appointed time
3. I regret to say that we are no longer producing the model you order
4. I didn’t mean to get you involved in the matter
5. We regret that we are unable to accept your proposal
Useful Expressions
1. I am sorry that I couldn’t attend your party because...
很抱歉不能参加你的宴会，因为……
2. I wish I didn’t give you too much trouble.
但愿没给你带来太多麻烦。
3. I regret that my carelessness has caused you too much inconvenience.
为我的粗心给你带来这么多麻烦感到后悔。
4. Much to my regret that...
令我遗憾的是……
5. I was distressed to hear/discover that...
听到/发现……我深感不安。
6. I am writing to ask you for forgivingness.
我写信请求你的原谅。
7. Let me apologize here that...
让我在此为……道歉。
8. I owe you an apology for...
我应该为……向你道歉。
9. Thank you for your patience and understanding.
感谢你的耐心与理解。
10. Please forgive me.
请原谅我。
11. Please accept my apology/apologies for...
请接受我对……的歉意。
12. Please excuse my thoughtlessness.
请原谅我的考虑不周。
模板1：过去没有完成的事情
Dear
I am writing this letter to apologize to you for my failing
to .
The reason is that . I am sorry that I can…t finish in time, but is it possible that I make up the loss by ? If so, I will put everything else aside to .
I do hope that you can understand my situation and accept my apology.
Yours sincerely
模板2：将来不能做的事情
Dear
Much to my regret / I am terribly sorry that I am unable
to . It is mainly because at that time I will be full occupied
by which is quite out of my expectation, and that conflicts with your .
Therefore I am forced to adjust my schedule and cannot make my presence on your . I sincerely hope that you will enjoy a good time. By the way, can we have dinner together some time next week? I hope to see you soon.
I am really sorry again and I trust that you will understand. Yours sincerely
Social Correspondence
Letters of Invitation
书面邀请在国际交往、商务活动和社交等活动中使用较为频繁: 大型招待会、宴请聚会、周年活动、舞会、等活动. 需要向嘉宾事先发出邀请，并根据回复来决定活动规模和相应的准备工作。
邀请形式分为两种:
邀请信invitation letter ；
请柬/请贴invitation card
August 15
Dear Mrs. Bailey,
It is my pleasure to formally invite you to attend the annual seminar “On Stocks and Stock Exchanges”on Monday, September 11, 2006, at Xiangjiang Hotel.
About 200 participants are expected to come from all over the province. Therefore, it will be a valuable opportunity to exchange information and meet colleagues and experts in this field. More details on the seminar will be available three weeks from now.
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon, and I hope that you will start earlier to make your plan for the seminar.
Yours very faithfully,
John Burns
Content planning: Opening: for what: state your intention
and invitation
Focus: provide detail information about
the invitation in terms of “who,
what, where, when, why and
how.”
Closing: express the hope and
expectation
邀信语言简练、热情。形式不拘，依据书写者与收信人亲昵程度定。
邀请信一定要将邀请的时间（年、月、日、钟点）、地点、场合写清楚，不能使接信人存在任何疑虑。
例如:“I’d like you and Bob to come to Luncheon next Friday.”
这句话中所指的是哪个星期五并不明确，所以应加上具体日期, “I’d like you and Bob to come to luncheon next Friday, May the fifth.”
?常用词汇：
?presence 出席,
?company 陪伴,
?social reunion get-together, 社交聚会,
?dinner dance 晚宴舞会,
?the cocktail party 鸡尾酒会,
?luncheon 午餐,
?buffet 自助餐, reception 招待会
Useful Drills and Sentences
?1. It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you
to visit this exhibition.
?2. May I take this opportunity to invite you
to our university to give a lecture.
1. It is with the greatest pleasure that I write to cordially invite... to...
诚挚邀请……参加……
2. Would you be kind enough to...?
请您赏光做……
3. I was wondering if you would like to...
我想知道您是否愿意参加……
4. We would be happy if ...
如……我们会很高兴。
5. Will you have lunch with us this coming Saturday?
本周六能与我们共进午餐吗？
6. Peter and I would be pleased if you and Philip would have dinner with us at my home on Wednesday.
彼得和我恭请你和菲利普星期三来我家共进晚餐。
7. I wonder if you would be able to join us for dinner tomorrow evening.
不知你明天晚上能否来和我们一起共进晚餐。
1. Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience. 是否参加，请早日告之。
2. It would be an honor to me if /We would appreciate it if
you would accept our invitation.
如果你愿意接受我们的邀请，我们将不胜荣幸。
3. Should you find it possible to accept this invitation, would you be kind enough to let me know the date and time when you would like to come. 要是您认为能接受邀请，务请通知我您来这里的日期和时间。
Practice
Write a letter of invitation according to the information given in the following formal invitation. You can invent any details that you think are necessary.
Reply
?Dear Mr./Ms,
Thank you for your letter of March 20 inviting our corporation to participate in the 2003 International Fair. We are very pleased to accept and will plan to display our electrical appliances as we did in previous years.
Mr. Li will be in your city from April 2 to 7 to make specific arrangements and would very much appreciate your assistance.
Yours faithfully
?Dear Harold,
?Thank you very much for your kind invitation, but I am very sorry I really can’t come at that evening, because I’m flying to Chicago to have a very important business meeting that evening.
?Fortunately, Emma will be free that evening, and she’ll surely come to your party at about 6:45 that Saturday, together with my sincere congratulations and best wishes.
?With best regards.
Jimmy
Jan. 4 Betty,
We are sorry that we cannot dine with you at your home at 7:00, on Friday, May 2nd. Unfortunately, we already have an engagement that evening.
we do appreciate your asking us and hope we shall
have the opportunity to say YES at some other time.
John
Reply
?1. state your appreciation for the invitation;
?2. confirm the information of date, place, occasion, etc. if you accept；
?3. be polite if you decline, express your apology and explain the reason; good wishes
Accept
?1. We are glad/delighted to accept your kind invitation (to…).
?2. Thank you for your inviting us to dinner.
?3. I?m glad to come and look forward to seeing you again.
?4. Thank you for your letter of 25th May and I am pleased to confirm my participation in this year?s conference in July.
Decline
?1. I regret that I have another engagement on that day and will not be able to attend.
?2. Please accept my sincere regrets for not being able to join…
?3. We are so sorry that we cannot accept your kind invitation because of another engagement.
?4. Unfortunately, I am not sure whether I will be able to come.
Practice
英语作文范文 英语四级写作范文 Directions：In this section you are required to write a letter in reply to a friend’s inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below： 1.建议报考的专业及理由； 2.报考该专业的基本条件； 3.应当如何备考。 A Letter of Reply to a Friend December 27, 2003 Dear When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English. To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on. What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the
最全英语书信写作套路套话 书信作文的“套路” 开头段：四大内容：问候；自我介绍；写信背景；写信目的 中间段：具体问题+具体分析； 结尾段：客套话； 书信作文的“套话” 写作练习的技巧就是学会别人的优秀表达，书信作文的一些常见思路和结构大家需要多阅读、多了解，还有在三大结构基础上的写作“套话”也需要大家及时掌握。牢记是思考和提高的基础，下面就开始拼记忆力马下来逐句背诵吧！ 1、开头段：灵活地去写四种内容 （1）问候； How are you doing? How is everything going? How is life treating you? （2）自我介绍； I am LiHua, a 17-year-old boy currently studying in XXX middle school. I am LiHua, who... As the vice monitor of our class, I ... （3）写信背景（写信的缘由） I heard that ... My teacher told us... I am informed that... I learned that...我得知... I read in your newspaper/ micro-blog /website that... You said in your last letter that... （4）写信目的； Now, I am writing to do sth. Now, I am writing this letter to do sth. Now, I am writing these few lines to do sth.
英语写作常用词语和句子 一、常用的过渡词 1．用以解释的过渡词 now, in addition, for, in this case, furthermore, in fact… 2．表示强调的过渡词 certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important… 3．表示限制的过渡词 but, however, although, though, yet, except for… 4．用以举例的过渡词 for example, for instance, thus, such, next… 5．表示递进或补充的过渡词 in addition, furthermore, also, moreover, yet… 6．表达顺序的过渡词 first, second, third, afterward, meanwhile, thereafter, last, finally, eventually… 7．用以表示比较的过渡词 like, in the same way, similarly, equally important, too… 8．用以表示对比的过渡词 unlike, in contrast, whereas, on the other hand, instead… 9．表示让步的过渡词 although, nevertheless, of course, after all, clearly, still, yet… 10．用以表达结果的过渡词 therefore, as a result, consequently, then, thereby, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, so, otherwise… 11．用以表示总结的过渡词 to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in short, in a word, in the long run, in summary… 二、常用句子 1．比较 (1)The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. (2)The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. (3)A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that… (4)It is reasonable to maintain that…, but it would be foolish to claim that… (5)For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. (6)Like anything else, it has its faults. (7)Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects. (8)People used to think…, but things are different now. (9)the same is true of B. (10)Wondering as A is, it has its drawbacks. 2．原因 (1)A number of factors are accountable for this situation. (2)The answer to this problem involves many factors. (3)The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that… (4)The factors that contribute to this situation include…
一、表示递进关系的关键词语additionally 加之；又besides 此外；除……之外equally important 同样重要的是furthermore 此外；而且in addition 另外 in other words 换句话说last but not least 最后但同样重要的是 moreover 而且；此外that is to say 即；就是；换句话说what’s more 而且；此外二、表示转折关系的关键词语although 虽然；尽管at the same time 同时；但是despite 不管；尽管；不论even if 即使 even though 即使however 然而；可是in spite of 不管instead 代替；而不是nevertheless 然而；不过on the contrary 正相反otherwise 另外；不同地 regardless of 不管；不顾 still 依然；仍然 though 虽然；可是 while 而 yet 然而；但是；仍 三、表示选择关系的关键词语 either…or………或…… instead of………，而不是…… neither…nor …和…都不… not…but…不是……而是…… rather than…宁可；胜过 whether…or not 是否 四、表示比较关系的关键词语 compare with/to 与……比较 equally 相等地；平等地 in comparison with 与……比较 in contrast 相反；大不相同 in contrast to 和……对比 in the same way 同样地 instead 代替；改为 on the contrary 正相反 while 而 五、表示因果关系的关键词语 accordingly 因此；从而 as a result of 作为结果 because （of）因为 consequently 从而；因此 due to 由于；应归于 hence 因此；从此 in that 由于；因为；既然 now that 因为；既然 on account of 由于 owing to 由于；因……的缘故 so 所以 so that 所以 thanks to 由于 therefore 因此；所以 thus 因此 六、用于表示总结的关键词语 above all 最重要的是 accordingly 于是 as a consequence 因此 as has been noted 如前所述 at last 最后 briefly 简要扼要地
四级写作范文必背经典 大学英语四级范文背诵(01) COLLEGE STUDENTS SHOULD ATTEND PHYSICAL EXERCISE Physical exercise is a necessary part of college life. However, still some college students do not like to attend sports activities, they think those activities waste their time and influence their study. Indeed, it is very unwise for college students to keep distance from physical exercise because physical exercise is not harmful but good to them. College students can benefit a lot from physical exercise. First of all, attending physical sports can help students build a strong body, and keep abounding energy. Moreover, physical exercise is an effective way to relief pressure and keep a pleasant move. Besides, by attending physical activities, students can have chances to contact and communicate with others which can help them improve their social skills. Nowadays, all colleges and universities have provided many sports facilities for students to do physical exercises, students can chose freely according to their interests and needs. As for me, I am keen on all kinds of ball games, especially football and basketball. From these games, I have gained a lot, and enjoined great pleasure. To conclude, physical exercise is beneficial to every college students, and therefore do not hesitate to attend sports activities. 大学英语四级范文背诵(02) Online games As a product of modern computer and the Internet, online games have become very popular among college students. Many students have enjoyed great pleasure and satisfaction from these games. But as we see, some students lacking self discipline on too much indulge in these games. So that their health and academic performances are affected. This phenomenon has caused much worry from the teachers and parents. However, some others argue that online games are not always harmful. They can train their ability of youngsters to respond to things quickly. Moreover, they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science. More importantly, it does bring college students much pleasure and release their pressure greatly. Form my point of view, online games are wonderful entertainment if you play them in a clever way. When they interfere too much with your study, it is better for you to give them up at once, but if you have enough self control over them, you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them. 大学英语四级范文背诵(03) Certificates Craze on Campus In recent years, to get a certificate has become a new craze among college students. Just randomly, ask a student on campus what he or she is busy doing, quite possibly, you may get the answer that he or she is preparing for a certificate of some kind. Why does this craze appear? There are two mainly reasons behind this phenomenon. First, it is the employments pressure that forces college students to get more certificates. With the admission expansion of
6月英语四级作文万能模板套路：话题作文 ※2017年6月英语四六级考试太难？只是你没有找对方法而已！点击查看秘籍！ 【手机用户】→点击进入免费试听>>【CET4】* 【CET6】 【电脑用户】→点击进入免费试听>>四六级考试课程！ 话题作文： 这个模板的中文大意是：在某种场合，发生某种现象，并提供一些相关数据，然后列出这种现象的三个原因，并将三个原因总结为一个最主要原因，最后提出避免这种现象的两个办法。总的来说，利用这个模板写英语作文，是相当容易的，您只要将适当的内容，填写到对应的方括号中，一篇通顺的英语作文即可完成。下面就是这个模板。 Nowadays, there are more and more [某种现象] in [某种场合]. It is estimated that [相关数据]. Why have there been so many [某种现象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is [原因一]. Besides, [原因二]. The third one is [原因三]. To sum up, the main cause of [某种现象] is due to [最主要原因]. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, [解决办法一]. On the other hand, [解决办法二]. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某种现象]. (I)说明原因型 模块(一) Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities . It is
常用词： 重要的： key, crucial, imperative critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable 急剧地： dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably 认为： think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue,, harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that, be firmly convinced, be fully co nvinced … 优势： advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength 句子： 倒装： So expensive is food because of inflation that I could only afford food in students’ canteen. Not only must we be confident of our own future, we mus t also be ready to cope with any sort of setbacks. Only in this way/under successful control of/under special circumstances/after careful considerations can we……. （常用于解决问题型的作文） Only under successful control can we minimize the negative impacts and maximize positive impacts. 段落： 1. 引言段常采用的典型句式: It is commonly accepted/ thought that … There is a general debate/ discussion/ tendency (these days) that… There is no consensus of opinions among people as to .... Recently, there has aroused a controversial/heated debate/contention as to/ove r… It is well known to us that modern science plays an increasingly important role in our life. As is known to us, the problem of human population has long been a subject of discussion among the peoples of various countries of the world. We shouldn't ignore the fact that many cities are confronted with the problem of heavy traffic. No one can have failed to notice the fact that… 2．常见主体句子 1）观点类 1. Some people prefer living in the countryside, while others feel inclined to a life in big cities. 2.Some people believe the reason lies in industry，while others maintain it is good luck that gives rise to the success. Still others claim both the industry and good luck play an essential part. 3. When asked about/When it comes to/Faced with …most people claim that…, but others regard/consider differently. They argue that…. I am inclined to take the … side. 2).表示原因 1. Many factors lead/contribute to the trend of increasing in examination.
作文常用关联词 表示时间关系： first of all /above all, second, then, finally / at last / in the end , immediately, suddenly, at the same time, meanwhile, recently 表示对称顺序关系： for one thing…for another thing, on the one hand,…on the other hand, the former…the latter 表示递进关系：what is more, moreover,besides , furthermore, in addition，what’s worse 表示换种方式表达：in other words ,that is to say 表示举例说明：for example, for instance ,like, such as 表示陈述事实：in fact , actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth 表示总结：in conclusion,on the whole, in a word, to sum up, in short, from what I have said above 表示因果关系：as a result ,thus, therefore, so that, as, because, consequently 表示转折：but, however, while, instead, although,
作文1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Online Games. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1)现在有一些大学生沉迷于网络游戏，家长和学校对此忧心忡忡 2)但有人认为网络游戏并不是一无是处 3)你对此的看法是…… 【思路点拨】 本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出对于某问题的一种反面看法，提纲第2点指出对于该问题的正面看法，提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该问题的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。 根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：指出大学生沉迷于网络游戏的问题，阐述家长和老师对该问题的否定态度和他们的担忧；指出一些人对待网络游戏的肯定态度，并阐述网络游戏的好处；表明“我”对网络游戏的看法。 【参考范文】 Online Games As a product of modern computer and the Internet, online games have become very popular among college students. Many students have enjoyed great pleasure and satisfaction from these games. But as we see, some students lacking self-discipline are too much indulged in these games so that their health and academic performances are affected. This phenomenon has caused much worry from the teachers and parents。 However, some others argue that online games are not always harmful. They can train the ability of youngsters to respond to things quickly. Moreover, they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science. More importantly, it does bring college students much pleasure and release their pressure greatly。 From my point of view, online games are a wonderful entertainment if you play them in a clever way. When they interfere too much with your study, it is better for you to give them up at once. But if you have enough self-control over them, you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them。 作文2 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Machine Translation and Human Translation. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1)现在诸多的电子辞典及相关翻译软件被开发出来，人们不再需要翻阅厚重的字典 2)有人认为以后机器翻译会完全取代人工翻译 3)你是否同意这种观点，为什么？ 【思路点拨】 本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种新兴事物，提纲第2点针对该事物提出一种有争议的观点，提纲第3点要求表明“我”是否同意这种观点，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。 根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：描述电子辞典和翻译软件的使用现状，引出机器翻译会代替人工翻译的观点；表明“我”对这一观点的态度并说明理由；总结“我”的观点，提出建议。
英语写作中常用的词语和句型 常用谚语（在议论文中）： 1. As a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides”. 2. As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”. On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health. On the other hand, if you don’t deal with it properly, it wil l do harm to your health. So we should look at the matter from two sides. 3. As a proverb says, “Where there is a will there is a way.” (有志者事竟成。) 4. As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he keeps.”(观其交友，知其为人。) 5. As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”. (没有苦，就没有甜。) 6. It’s no use crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。) 7. More haste, less speed. (欲速则不达。) 8. Look before you leap. (三思而后行。) 9. He who laughs last laughs best. (谁最后笑，谁笑得最好。) ---关于因果关系的句型：
英语写作常用关联词句 式 集团标准化工作小组 [Q8QX9QT-X8QQB8Q8-NQ8QJ8-M8QMN]
英语写作常用关联词 及句子套用模式 第一部分：关联词 表示开场： （introduction）: generally speaking, comparatively speaking, in general, in a sense, in a way, in my opinion, in some cases, nowadays, recently, currently, obviously, clearly, undoubtedly 表示层进： first, firstly, to begin with； second, secondly, to start with；third, thirdly, what's more, also, and then; and equally important; besides, in addition; further, in the first place; still, furthermore; last, last but not the least; next, besides; too, moreover; finally 表示列举： （enumeration）: first, second, in the first place, first of all, to begin with, in the second place, next, also, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, beyond that, for one thing, for another, finally; for example, for instance, to illustrate, after all, as an example, as a case in point, as an illustration, such as, namely, that is, like, say 表示解释：
四年级英语作文范文 （1——10篇） 目录 四年级英语作文范文——My winter holiday (2) 四年级英语作文范文——My winter vacation plan (2) 四年级英语作文范文——My winter vacation plan (2) 四年级英语作文范文——Winter Vacation Plan (3) 四年级英语作文范文——我的寒假 (4) 四年级英语作文范文——寒假的一天 (4) 四年级英语作文范文——喝酒有害健康 (5) 四年级英语作文范文——我的寒假计划 (6) 四年级英语作文范文——My winter holiday (6) 四年级英语作文范文——我们的梦想 (7)
四年级英语作文范文——My winter holiday My winter holiday is very dull. I stay at home for most of time. Sometimes I visit my friends and play basketball with them. Sometimes we go shopping. One day, we go to the KFC. We have hamburgers, chicken coke and French fries. We have sore throats. We go home and have a rest. Then we feel better. We go and play computer games! How mad we are! This is the only thing I can talk about in the holiday. 四年级英语作文范文——My winter vacation plan My winter vacation plan My winner vacation is coming soon .I am so happy I decide to make a winter vacation plan .First, I will do my homework carefully Second ,I am going to help my mother with housework.Then,I want to play with my best friend.I will also visit my grangparents with my parents .We will spend Spring Festival with them.I think every day during my winter vacation will be happy. I am sure I will have a wonderful vacation. I can not wait. 四年级英语作文范文——My winter vacation plan My winner vacation is coming soon .I am so happy I decide to make a winter vacation plan .First, I will do my homework carefully Second ,I am going to help my mother with housework.Then,I want to play with my best friend.I will
英语写作用词的准确表达 一个词的意思有两方面：denotation和connotation。Denototion是词的字面意思，正如字典上所定义的一样；Connotation是由词引申联想到的意思和情感。例如country，nation，state和land，它们的字面意思多少有相似之处，都可以译成“国家”,但它们的涵义却相差甚远。Country主要指国土及国民；Nation 强调民族，种族；state多指国家的政府及政府机构；而land指国家虽不够精确，但更富有文学的色彩，比country一词带有更多的感情。初学写作的人有时会选错词，但更多的时候是选词不全错，而是不够准确、地道，导致词不达意，甚至导致冒犯和误解。固此在英语写作中要学会选择准确的词来表达自己的思想。 一般来说，要把握选词的准确性, 可以从下面三方面入手。 一、要有广泛的阅读积累，才能了解词与社会、历史、文化及政治因素的关系，选词时才能符合语言习惯并与社会文化诸多背景一致。例如，英美人对landlord和peasant两词的理解与中国人截然不同。英美人对前者的理解首先是“房东”，然后才是“地主”；而peasant一词对他们来说意味着“粗俗”与“无知”，此词多少带有贬义色彩。再如propaganda一词在中国并不带有西方人所理解的贬意；而First lady （第一夫人）绝不能理解为汉语的原配夫人，因此在写作中应特别注意这类词，否则会导致冒犯和误解。由于东西方社会历史文化的差异，许多词所引申或代表的内容也大相径庭，Phoenix在西方象征“复活”、“再生”，而汉语的这一词却表示“祥瑞”。Peach在汉语中象征“长寿”而在英语中却用以指代“特别讨人喜爱的人或物”。又比如在表示色彩的词中green是青春的颜色，常表示希望、活力，但在英语中green 又与“妒忌” （to be green with envy，green-eyed）和“没有经验的”（a greeh horn）联系起来。如果没有广泛的阅读积累，养成经常查字典的良好习惯，单凭想当然地选词，势必会词不达意。即使同一事物，在美国和英国也可能有不同的表达。例如：corn一词在美国指“玉米”而在英国泛扮“谷物”；“地铁”在英国用tube或under-groud美国则用subway。此类的例子还有pave-ment/sidewalk, Chemists' shop/drug store等。 二、在英语写作中特别要注意区分同义词，选词时要考虑主题、对象及情景（subject, audi-enc, situation）。由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的饲，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。总的来讲，英语本族语大多是短词，小词，听起来朴素）亲切，大量用于口头表达：法语来源的词庄重文雅，多与行政、宗教、军事、服饰等有关；拉丁来源的词，书卷味浓, 如ask，question，inter－rogate这三个不同来源的同义词在不同的主题、对象、情景下用法就不一样。 同义词除了来源的不同会影响措词的选择外，它们在程度、感情色彩上也有不同。比如“瘦”可以用slender，slim，lean, thin，underweight，gaunt, lanky，skinny等来表达，而sleder表示“苗条”是褒义的，skinny却是贬义的，underweight则是中性的词。 即使同是褒义词，表达的感情色彩也不同。比如little和petite两个同义词当用来描绘女子时，都意为“个子小”的，但petite同时还有“匀称”的意义，而little更强调“可爱的”或“可怜的”，根据不同的上下文，它还有“纤小”、“娇小”或“弱小”等不同意义。因此在选词表达思想时，一定要分清主题，对象及情景。 另外让中国学生头痛的是一些同义词的习惯搭配。比如large和big都指“大”，但large通常用来修饰诸如number，amount及quantity（a large nunlber of students，a large almount of money，a large quantity of wine，etc）。但象“勇气”，“信心”，”能力”、“智慧”等表示个人素质的名词，人们通常用呷碰而不用big或large来修饰。由此可见，在英语写作实践中，区分同义词的用法是相当重要的。 三、选择措词应把握好英语和汉语词汇无法对应的部分 不是所有的英语词汇都有相应的汉语表达，一些不同的英语词汇也有可能用同样的汉语来表达，这就使我们在用英语来表达思想对面临更多选择上的困难。比如family和home两词都可译成汉语的“家”，但它
四级英语作文万能模板范文万能句子 篇一：英语四级作文范文看电影的好处 目 随着科技的进步，现在看电影的方式不，既可以在家看DVD网络电影，也可以选择在电影院观看电影。对此，你的看法呢Advantage of Watching Movie in Cinema With the rapid development of technique, there are many ways for people to watch movies. Some people choose to watch movie in cinema, some choose to watch at home. Different people have different choices. As for me, I prefer to watch movie in cinema, because there are so many benefits. Firstly, watching movie in cinema makes people feel comfortable. Especially when you finish your all day work, it’s a perfect choice to watch movie in cinema. As we all know, cinema is a huge space, people can relax in theater. Also, you can focus on movie because
the screen is enough huge and the sound is enough clear. What’s more, theater is al ways clean, it make people feel like watching movies at home. Secondly, theater is a good choice for couples. Most young people like to go to theater to watch movies, because they think it’s better to cultivate relationship in big theater. The atmosphere of the cinema is more suitable for lovers. People's state of mind will change with the ups and downs of film. So, most young people will choose to watch love story in cinema. Thirdly, it’s very easy to get a ticket. We don’t need to waste much time for waiting in line. Nowadays, we have many ways to buy cinema tickets. The most typical way is to buy on the internet. Everything can be completed on the computer; all we need to do is to click the mouse. Science and technology make our life become very convenient. Besides, a movie ticket is not expensive, many people are affordable. Sacrifice a little money to buy comfortable experience, why not