商务英语翻译资料
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Guidelines for the Final Examination of Business English指导方针的最终考试商务英语2011 Fall Semester2011秋季学期(所有翻译均是按原文使用百度翻译的,基本都能知道大概意思)1. Scope1。
范围The content for the final examination will cover units 1-13 of the textbook, splitting i nto seven parts: True/False questions, blanks’ filling, multiple choices, Chinese/English translations, reading comprehension, and short-essay writing. Students are required to go over the texts/questions of listening task, speaking task (the first dialogue only), and reading task of each unit, as well as the notes or minutes taken from the class. For the writing tasks, students need know to write business letters and memos in formal format and etiquette as well as resume or curriculum vitae (CV). With provided information, students should be ready to write a short business letter or memo, or organize the information for a business presentation.内容为最后的考试将盖单位1 - 13的教材,分为七个部分:真/假问题,空白的填补,多种选择,中文/英文翻译,阅读理解,写作和short-essay。
询盘:Heavy enquiries witness the quality of our products.大量询盘证明我们产品质量过硬。
As soon as the price picks up, enquiries will revive.一旦价格回升,询盘将恢复活跃。
Enquiries for carpets are getting more numerous.对地毯的询盘日益增加。
Enquiries are so large that we can only than allot you 200 cases.询盘如此之多,我们只能分给你们200箱货。
Enquiries are dwindling.询盘正在减少。
Generally speaking, inquiries are made by the buyers.询盘一般由买方发出。
Mr. Baker is sent to Beijing to make an inquiry at China National Textiles Corporation.贝克先生来北京向中国纺织公司进行询价。
We regret that the goods you inquire about are not available.很遗憾,你们所询的货物现在无货。
To make an inquiry about our oranges, a representative of the Japanese company paid us a visit.为了对我们的橙子询价,那家日本公司的一名代表访问了我们。
We cannot take care of your enquiry at present.我们现在无力顾及你方的询盘。
Your enquiry is too vague to enable us to reply you.你们的询盘不明确,我们无法答复。
1、我们愿与贵公司建立业务往来。
We are willing to establish trade relations with your company.2、我们愿为发展双方贸易提供机会。
We wish to offer you an opportunity to develop bilateral trade.3、我公司经营电子产品的进出口业务,希望与贵方建立商业关系。
This corporation specializes in importing and exporting electronic products and wishes to enter into business relations with you.4、根据你公司1月20日来函要求,现附寄目录一份。
As requested in your letter of Jan.20, we enclose a copy of our catalogue.5、对你努力为我公司开拓市场,深表感谢We very much appreciate your efforts to explore the market for our products.6、我们相信,我们双方的业务将随着时间的推移而得到发展。
We are sure that the business between us will be promoted in years to come.7、我们保证对于贵方的询价给予充分的重视。
We assure you of our best attention to any inquiries from you.8、殷切地盼望早日来函。
We anticipate a prompt reply from you.9、如果你方报价具有竞争性,交货期可接受的话,我们愿向你方订货。
We shall be very glad to place our order with you if your quotation is competitive and delivery date acceptable.10、一旦收到你方具体询价,我们将电告报价。
翻译1.你父亲做什么工作(谋生)?What does your father do for a living?2.我是搞软件开发的。
I'm on the software development side.3.我以前没有这儿见过你。
I haven't seen you around before.4.约翰在一家计算机公司干了许多年了。
John has been with a computer company for years.5.我妻子在家工作。
My wife works from / at home.6、因为要开个会,周五下午我恐怕不能来。
I’m afraid I can’t come on Friday afternoon, because I will be having a meeting then.7、我们打算在这个地区建一座新工厂。
W e are going to set up a new plant in this area.8、你们公司的总部设在哪儿?Where is your company based?9、I’m sort of surprised.north mid-west of the States 美国中西部的北部10、你也从纽约来?真是太巧了。
You are also from New York? That’s really a coincidence.11、我们定个日子一起吃饭吧。
Let’s fix up a date to have dinner together.12、我们将尽力满足客户的需求。
We’ll try to meet the customers’ demands13、两个陌生人正在尽量寻找双方都感兴趣的话题。
Two strangers are trying to find topics of common interest.14、这是我第二次来美国。
1.双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。
All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.2.交货期改为8 月并将美元折合成人民币。
Both parties agree to change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar intoRenminbi.3.现场捣毁两条正在非法生产VCD的生产线”“destroyed on the spot two production lines that were manufacturing illegal VCDs.4.承蒙早日回复,不胜感激。
Your early reply is highly appreciated5.恳请寄给我方贵方价格单和产品目录Please kindly send us your price list and catalogue.6.敬请立刻修改信用证以便我方及时发货。
We should be obliged for your immediate amendment of the L/C to enable us to make timely shipment.7.甲方委托乙方为在伦敦的独家销售代理。
Party B is hereby appointed by Party A as its exclusive sales agent in London.8.本谅解备忘录一式肆份,双方各执两份为凭。
This MOU is made out in four copies, two for either party.9.本谅解备忘录是根据中华人民共和国法律签订并依其解释。
Th is MOU is signed and interpreted pursuant to the laws of the People’s Republic of China.10.烦请贵方尽快报伦敦离岸最低价。
商务英语翻译1. We are one of the largest textile importers in our country. We have handled this commodity for more than 20 years and have connections all over the world..我们是本国最大的纺织品进口商...2. I had an opportunity to see your well illustrated catalogues on the last fair and I am very interested in your canned fruit.. Now I have come to discuss with you the possibility of importing the goods.我在上次交易会上看到你们具有精美…3. You can rest assured that our foodstuffs are guaranteed to conform to the WHO standards.您可以放心…4. Canned goods are also among our major exports and have found a favorable reception in many other countries.罐头也是我们的主要出口产品…5. The quality of our products is as good as that of many other suppliers, while our prices are not so high as theirs.我们产品的质量同许多…1.We shall be very glad to place our order with you if your quotation is competitive and delivery date acceptable.如果你放报价具有竞争性…2. The price varies according to the quantity. So please tell us what quantity you require so that we can work out the offer.价格随数量不同而有所不同…3.The size of our order depends greatly on your price.我们要订的数量主要取决于..4. I'd like to have your lowest quotations, CIF New York. 我想请你们报到纽约的最低….5. We are pleased to inform you that your bicycles have aready market in our country and there isa steady demand for your product in our market. So we'd like to make an inquiry.很荣幸告诉你方1. Our usual terms of payment are by confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit by sight draft against presentation of shipping documents.我们通常的支付方式是保兑的…2.If you promise to effect shipment one month earlier, we will agree to payment by L/C at sight..如果你方同意提前一个月装运…3. Although your price is on the high side as compared with those of rival goods, the quality of your products, I suppose, will probably make up for it.与那些有竞争性的商品相比…4. In order to pave the way for your promotion of our products in your market, we will accept D/Pat sight as a special accommodation.为了有助于在贵地市场推销我方产品…5. In order to conclude the business, I hope you'll meet me half way. What about 50% by L/C and the balance by D/P? 为了做成这笔生意….1.Whatever strategy you adopt to enter the international market, it'll pay to do a lot of market research first.不管你采取何种国际市场进入战略…2. One of the objectives of market research is to find out whether there is a market for the product and whether we can sell the product in that market.市场调研的目的之一就是….3. We must bear in mind that proper pricing of our product, choice of terms of sale and payment are three important elements in exporting a product.我们必须记住产品的适当定价…4. The international marketer must be aware of language and cultural differences when deciding how to market a product.国际市场营销者在决定如何…5. Our product has certainly received rave reviews from the media and many trade publications as well as from our customers. It certainly has become a household item at home and abroad.我们的产品无疑已经得到媒体…。
商务英语课文翻译-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Unit1 Made in Europe 欧洲制造Almost every fashion label outside the top super-luxury brands is either already manufacturing in Asia or 5 thinking of it. Coach, the US leather goods maker, is a classic example. Over the past five years, it has lifted all its gross margins by manufacturing solely in low-cost markets. In March 2002 it closed its factory in Lares,Puerto Rico, its last company-owned plant, and outsources all its products.除了顶级奢侈品牌外几乎所有的时尚品牌都已经在亚洲生产,或者正在考虑这么做。
美国的皮革商品制造商蔻驰(Coach)就是一个经典的例子。
在过去的五年中,它通过仅在低成本市场生产来提升毛利率。
在 2002 年的 3 月,它关闭了在波多黎各拉雷斯的最后一间公司所属工厂,将所有产品全部外包。
Burberry has many Asian licensing arrangements. In 2000 it decidedto renew Sanyo's Japanese licence for ten years. This means that almost half of Burberry's sales at retail value will continue to be produced under license in Asia. At the same time however, Japanese consumers prefer the group's European-made products.巴宝莉(Burberry)在亚洲持有许多许可授权安排。
5355商务英语翻译复习资料1.词汇1. CEO ( Chief Executive Officer) 首席执行官2. Customer Service Section 客户服务部3. APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) 亚太经合组织4. L/C (letter of credit) 信用证5. FOB (free on board) 离岸价6. packing list 装箱单7. export license 出口许可证8. commercial contract 商业合同9. non-firm offer 虚盘10. port of shipment 装运港11. insurance policy 保单12. confirmed letter of credit 保兑信用证13. shipping documents 装运单据14. draft/bill of exchange 汇票15. marks and nos. 唛头及编号1. COO (Chief Operating Officer) 首席运营官2. After-sales Dept. 售后服务部3. OPEC (organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) 石油输出国组织4. import license 进口许可证5. loan agreement 贷款协议6. documentary L/C 跟单信用证7. port of loading 装货港8. insurance premium 保费9. to enter into a contract 签订合同10. bill of lading 提单11. L/C (letter of credit) 信用证12. draft/bill of exchange 汇票13. marks and nos. 唛头及编号14. sight draft 即期汇票15. international conventions and practice 国际惯例2.句子翻译We shall give prompt and best attention to any inquiries and provide adequate information as well.译文:任何询盘我们都会迅速而完善地处理,并提供足够的信息。
组织机构名称翻译法1) 政府官方机构包括中央政府部门与各级地方政府部门。
国务院以下各级国家机构由委 (Commission),部 (ministry),司 (department),局 (bureau),处 (division),所 (institute),科 (section),中心 (centre),室 (office) 等组成。
各机构部门职责分工不同,历史沿革不同,因而机构名称不尽相同,其英译也有差异。
有些政府部门有约定俗成的简略语,如国家教委(国家教育委员会)、国家计委 (国家计划委员会)。
翻译这些简略语需将其全称意译成英语,例如:全国人民代表大会 the National People's Congress常设委员会the Standing Committee中国人民政治协商会议 the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference国务院 the State Council国家计委 the State Planning Commission国家教委the State Educational Commission外交部 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs;the Foreign Ministry财政部the Ministry of Finance文化部the Ministry of Culture商业部the Ministry of Commerce外事局the Bureau of Foreign Affairs行政处 the Division of Administration ; the Administrative Division秘书处the Secretariat人事处 the Division of Personnel;the Personnel Division2) 地方政府机构包括省、地、市、县等各级政府及其下属机构部门,有委 (commission),厅 (department),局 (bureau),公司 (company)等,其名称采用意译方法,例如:省教委 the Provincial Educational Commission省民政厅 the Provincial Department of Civil,Administration省监察局 the Provincial Supervisory Bureau省审计局 the Provincial Auditing Bureau省进出口公司 the Provincial Import and Export Company地农业局 the Prefectural Agricultural Bureau地税务局 the Prefectural Tax Bureau市体委 the City/Municipal Physical Culture and Sports Commission市文委 the City/Municipal Cultural Commission市公用局 the City/Municipal Public Utility Bureau市商品检验局 the City/Municipal Commodity Inspection Bureau市邮政总局the City/Municipal General Post Office市保险公司 the City/Municipal Insurance Company县工业局the County Industrial Bureau县林业局 the County Forestry Bureau3) 社会团体单位 (如工厂、商店、医院、公司、大学、中小学、出版社等),其名称一般采取意译方法,例如:南京大学 Nanjing University北京四中 Beijing No.4 (number four) Middle School北京第一实验小学 Beijing No.I (number one) Experimental Primary Elementary School武汉钢铁公司 Wuhan Iron and Steel Company杭州万向节厂 Hangzhou Universal Joints Factory北京301医院 Beijing No.301 (number three 0 one) Hospital北京动物园 Beijing Zoo4)专业组织和民间组织名称,一般也采用意译方法,例如:市消费者协会the Municipal Consumers’ Association5)国际主要经济贸易组织协会名称翻译National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade, Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of Ten 十国集团Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA 加勒比共同市场(加勒比自由贸易同盟)Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织Common wealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区Centre National du Commerce Exterior, National Center of External Trade 法国对外贸易中心International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行National city Bank of New York 花旗银行American Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行Midland Bank Ltd. 米兰银行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行Bank of Tokyo Ltd. 东京银行Hong Kong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司La Communaute Financieve African 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦股票市场Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波罗的海商业和航运交易所常见错译实例在一些由中文翻译的英语样本、合同、广告和其他文件材料中常见一些翻译错误,现仅举几个出现频率较高的例子,试作分析,谨供读者朋友参考。
商务英语翻译实例3001. Bill of Lading 提单A title to goods isn't like a bill of lading.货物所有权不同于提货单.2. A bill of lading may be either freight prepaid or freight payable at destination.提单所规定的运费,可以预先支付,或在目的地支付.3. The bill of lading should be marked as “ freight prepaid ".提单上应该注明“运费预付”字样.4. The ship - owner has issued a clean on board bill of lading.船东已签发了清洁装运提单.5. Is it enough that we can have an on board bill of lading to claim a settlement? 我们有已装船提单就可索赔了吗?6. Oh, by the way, remember that we want extra copiesof the Bill of Lading.噢, 还有, 记住,我们要一份提货单.7. We'll send you two sets of the Shipped, Clean Bill of Lading.我们将寄送两套已装运清洁提单付款.8. The third party ocean Bill of Lading is not acceptable.第三方的海运提单是不被接受的.. cover note 担保书;承保单9. Cover Note (Insurance Certificate) follows as soon as we receive it from the underwriter. 一接到保险人的保险凭证,我们就立即寄给你方10. 风险指数--- economic indicator 经济停滞---economic stagnation风险资本---venture capital合并和兼并---mergers and acquisitions产品系列---product line11.我方确认往来电报,参见所附文本。
1.我们很抱歉地通知你方价格无竞争力,若贵方能降低价格,使我方可接受的话,我们仍对交易感兴趣。
We're sorry to inform you that your price has been found uncompetitive, but we’re still interested in doing business if you can bring down your price to a level acceptable.2.中国经济过去属规划经济,在五年计划和十年计划下运作。
近年来,中国引进多项经济改革,旨在将中国经济由规划经济转变为具有社会主义特色的市场经济。
The PRC economy was in the past a planned economy which is subject to five and ten years plans. In recent years, economic reforms were introduced to aim at transforming the PRC economy from a planned economy into a market economy with socialist characteristics.3.本银行(通知银行)受通汇银行(开证银行)的委托,对本信用证加以保兑,并在此保证,凡提交贵公司(受益人)依信用证条款签发的汇票,届时由本银行兑付。
At the request of the correspondent (the Issuing Bank), we (the Advising Bank)have been requested to add our confirmation to this credit and we hereby affirm that all drafts drawn by you (Beneficiary) in accordance with the terms of the credit will be duly honored by us。
The crops were washed away by the flood. 庄家让大水冲跑了。
The whole horde of enemy soldiers was wiped out by the guerrillas. 这股敌人全给游击队消灭了。
You’ve guessed right. 叫你猜对了。
The difficulties have been overcome, the work has been finished and the problem solved. 困难克服了,工作完成了,问题也解决了。
Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation. 核能对健康、安全,甚至对生命本身构成的危险,可以用一个词—辐射来概括。
It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his character and later personality. 人们普遍认为,孩子们的早年经历在很大程度上决定了他们的性格及其未来的人品。
It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well, but on television everything is much more living, much more real. 可能有人会指出,无线电广播同样也能做到这一点,但还是电视屏幕上的节目要生动、真实得多。
It is asser ted that…有人主张…;It is believed that … 有人认为…;It is generally considered that … 大家(一般人)认为…;It is well known that … 大家知道(众所周知)…;It will be said … 有人会说…;It was told that … 有人曾经说…By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200 Belgian and French lives. 大战结束时,这个组织拯救了八百人,但那是以二百多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价的。
商务英语口语900句-中英文对照-中文翻译资料商务英语口语900句中英文对照中文翻译Unit 1希望与要求Part 1 .1. We'd like to express our desire to establish business relationship with you on the basis ofquality, mutually benefit and exchange of needed goods .我们希望在保证质量、互惠互利以及交易彼此需要的货物的基础上和你们建立业务关系。
2 .In order to extend our export business to your country we wish to enter direct businessrelations with you.为了扩大我们在贵国的出口业务,我们希望和你们建立直接贸易关系。
3. Our hope is to establish mutually beneficial trading relations between us . 希望在我们之间能够建立互惠互利的贸易关系。
4. We looking forward to further extensions of pleasant business relations.我们期待进一步保持愉快的业务关系。
5. It’s our hope to continue with considerable business dealing with you.我们的希望是和你们保持可观的生意往来。
6. We looking forward to receiving your quotation very soon.我们期待尽快收到你们的报价单。
7.I hope you see from the reduction that we are really doing our utmost.我希望你能够看到我们事实上已经作出了最大程度的让价。
1. 汉译英(1) 没有一种企业结构能够适合所有的企业,每种结构都有利有弊。
There is not one business structure that suits every business and each structure has advantages and disadvantages.(2) 采用有限责任公司作为企业的介质可以将你的企业与自己的个人事务分清楚,公司结构在顾客和供应商看来也显得更加专业。
Using a limited liability company as your business medium will allow you to keep your business distinct from your personal affairs and a corporate structure might appear more professional to customers and suppliers.(3) 创办企业最简单的方法就是独资经营。
你可以完全控制自己的企业,而且税后的利润也全都归你所有。
The simplest way to start up a business is as a sole trader. You will have complete control over your business and all profits after tax will go to you.(4) 一般情况下公司的运营成本要比合伙经营和独资经营高很多。
Generally, the running costs of a company can be significantly more than those of a partnership or a sole trader.(5) 你应当依据你的企业性质采用能够使你达成自己企业目标的组织结构。
Depending on the nature of your business, you should adopt an organizational structure that enables you to meet your business objectives.(1) 要永远记住自己想要成功的决心比其他任何事情都更为重要。
1、商务书信常用开头语(1)特此奉告等We are pleased to inform you that …We have the pleasure in informing you that …We have to advise you of/that …We think it advisable to inform you of/that …We are pleased to have this opportunity of reminding you of/that …We take the advantage of this opportunity to bring before your notice … Please allow us to call your attention to …Permit us to remind you of/that …May we ask your attention to …We feel it our duty to inform you of/that …(2)为(目的)奉告某某事项The purpose of this letter is to inform you of/that …The object of this letter is to tell you that …By this letter we purpose (vt.) to inform you of/that …The present (信,函) serves to acquaint you that …(3)惠请告知某某事项Please inform me of/that …Kindly infom me of/that …… be good enough to inform me of/that …I should be glad if you would inform me of/that …We shall be obliged if you will inform us that …We shall be pleased to have your information regarding on/as to/about …(4)特确认我方某月某日函件We confirm our letter of the 10th of this month …We confirm our last letter of the 10th June …We confirm the particulars of our inquiry by telephone of this morning … In confirming our telegram of this morning, …Confirming our respects of the 10th May, …(5)敬悉贵公司某月某日函电We are pleased to acknowledge receipt of your favour of the 1st June.Your letter of May 5 was very welcome.Your letter of April 10 gave me much pleasure.Your favour of the Oct. 10th is to/at hand.We are in receipt of your letter of the 7th July.We thank you for your letter of the 5th May.Many thanks for your letter of the 5th June.Your letter of the 5th May has just reached me.Your favour of the 5th May is now before me.(6)特回复贵公司某月某日函所叙述有关事项I have the pleasure of stating, in answer to your inquiry of June 4, that …In reply to your letter of the 5th of May, I have to inform you of/that …In reply to your letter of the 10th May, relative to …, I would say that …I am in receipt of your favour of the 7th May, and in response I inform you that … In answer to your favour of the 5th May regarding …, I reply as follows:Answering your letter of the 8th of February, I would say that …(7)非常遗憾,我们奉告您关于……We regret to inform you of/that …We are sorry to have to draw your attention to …We regret to have to say that …It is most regrettable that we have to inform you of/that …To our greatest regret we must herewith (因此,据此,随函) inform you of/that …It is with regret and reluctance that we have to inform you of/that …It gives us a deep sorrow that we have to announce you that …It causes me much sorrow to have to say that …I feel sorry for having to announce you that …I express my sorrow for announcing you that …(8)我们得悉……甚为遗憾We are very sorry to hear/know that …We are indeed sorry to hear that …We very much regret to hear that …It is with great regret that we just learn that …Much to our regret we have heard that …To our deep regret we were informed of/that …(9)我们对于您某月某日来函的询价深表谢意。
商务英语的特点及其翻译技巧:商务英语具有自己的语言特点; 要真正掌握商务英语及其翻译, 不仅需要精通英语语言知识, 还必须熟悉商务专业知识; 在商务英语翻译中必须遵循一定的翻译原则, 采用一些翻译策略引言:在我国加入WTO以后, 国际商务活动日益频繁。
这些商务活动的许多领域, 如技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资、对外劳务承包与合同、国际金融、涉外保险、国际旅游、海外投资、国际运输等, 所使用的英语统称为商务英语。
商务英语已成为世界经济活动中必不可少的语言交际工具。
尤其是BEC( 剑桥商务英语证书) 在中国的普及, 使越来越多的人对商务英语及其翻译产生兴趣。
际汇兑、会计学、运输学、保险学、法学及国际商法等专业知识。
因此, 要搞好这类内容的翻译, 就要求涉外人员不仅应具有相应的专业知识, 而且要求了解商务领域的语言特点和表达法。
近年来随着经济发展的全球化趋势, 新的词语层出不穷, 在翻译时我们必须根据上下文去把握和理解其真正的含义一、商务英语的概念商务英语是主要用于国际贸易和营销等商务活动中的一种特殊的英语语体。
商务英语是专门用途英语的一个分支,与普通英语相比,没有本质上的区别但是商务英语具有特定的“商务特色”。
它在词法、句法、语体等方面都有自身的特点,而且常常会涉及到许多不同的业务范畴。
商务英语涉及到营销、经济学、金融学、会计学和管理学等许多边缘领域,同时它好涉及到对外贸易、技术引进,招商投资、尚武谈判、国际支出和结算等业务范畴。
作为专门用途英语的商务英语具有与普通英语不同的特点,在使用上有其显著特色主要表现在文体、语言和文化意识方面。
二、商务英语文体的语言特征商务英语有二种文体风格,分外正式文体和应用文体。
商务文体是随着商品生产及贸易的发展而形成的一种文体形式。
2.1商务英语文体不以语言的艺术美为其追求的目标,而是讲求逻辑的清晰和条理性、思维的准确严密以及结构的严谨性。
风格朴实,明白易懂。
商务信函一般风格朴实,明白易懂,淡于修饰,很少使用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手段,目的是提高实效性。
2.2商务英语避免使用陈旧笼统的商业术语或套语,而用简明的现代英语来表达。
如不说“We are in receipt of?”,而用“We have received? ” ;不说“ Express myheartfelt gratitude to you for? ” ,而用“Thank you for?”。
2.3商务英语在陈述事物往往具体、明确,绝不含糊其辞。
如商务英语不说“We wish to confirm our telex dispatched yesterday。
” 而要说“ We confirm our telex of July 2nd,2000。
”因为前者笼统含糊,后者清晰明了。
语句简洁明快,逻辑严密简洁明快主要表现在商务信函中多使用简洁句、简短并列句和简短复合句。
例如:We are delighted to receive your letter of November 18 asking whether we can supply you with Art. No. 6120。
(很高兴收到你方11月28日来函询问我方可否供应6120货号产品)。
2.4商务英语的逻辑严密性主要体现在商务合同等法律文件多用长句、复合句、并列复合句等法律公文常用句式以及分隔现象、介词(短语)、插入语、倒装句、被动语态(过去分词)等特殊句型。
例如:If Egyptian buyers insist on concluding business direct with Party A,Party A may conclude business with such Egyptian buyers who come to visit China or attend the Chinese Export Commodity Fair at prices not lower than those quoted toParty B.(如果埃及客户坚持要与甲方成交,甲方也可和他们直接达成交易,但交易对象仅限于来访中国或参加中国商品交易会的客户,并且价格不能低于报给乙方的报价。
)2.5商务英语文体语言措辞礼貌,礼貌是国际商务英语应用文中非常重要的语言特点。
汉语的商务用语有时缺少必要的客气,常见的礼貌用语往往只是一个“ 请” 字。
商务英语则比较讲究客套,随处可见礼貌的客套。
例如,汉语中仅有的一个请字,商务英语中要用“We wouldappreciate”“It would be appreciated”,“We would be glad to?”之类的结构来表达。
因此汉英翻译时切忌照原文字面硬译,添加常用礼貌客套结构,措辞婉转。
三、商务英语语言特点3.1.专业性商务英语在词汇使用上的最大特点是对专业词汇的精确运用, 其中包含大量专业词汇、具商务含义的普通词或复合词, 以及缩略词等涉及商务理论和商务实践等方面,其语言具有极强的专业性。
如B/L(bill of lading)提单,Exp.&Imp.Inc (export-import incorporated)进出口公司,forex:(foreign exchange)外汇,workfare(work welfare)工作福利制,blue chip绩优股,a firm offer实盘等等。
不具有一定的专业知识是根本无法了解这些专业的商务英语词汇的内涵的。
3.2.书卷词语的使用商务文体措辞严谨精确、正式和不带个人感情色彩。
为此,商务英语常用拉丁语派生词取代同义的一般英语词汇,这就是常说的书卷用词(literary words或learnedwords),即所谓的“大词”。
(1)冷僻用词代替日常用词Everything concurred to jack up theprice in the international market.(用concur 代替come together)(2)大量使用古词语商务文体中,古词语时而再现,以体现其庄重严肃的文体风格。
经常使用的古词语多为一些复合副词,如:hereby (by this);whereat(at/to which place)。
3.3.新词的使用随着新产品、新工艺和新概念不断涌现,科学的进步和工商业的发展,必然反映在构成语言的最小的、最基本的独立运用单位词汇上,随之而来的就是新的商务术语的增加。
如:cyber-payment 电子支付;emoney/cash 电子货币/现金;hi-techindustry 高技术产业。
3.4商务英语内容缜密、周到, 结构复杂、意思完整由于涉及到双方或几方面的利益, 商务合同、文件或一个条约所给的定义、条款和内容必须精确。
为了做到准确无误,不产生任何差异, 用英语拟订、书写这些文件、合同时, 除用词恰当外, 还经常使用许多从句、短语用来修饰或限定其内容,因此句子结构错综复杂。
例如: Inspection: It is mutually agreedthat the certificate of quality and quantity or weight issued by themanufacturer shall be part of the documents for payment underrelevant L/C.( 商品检验: 双方同意以制造厂出具的品质及数量或重量证明书作为有关信用证项目下付款的单据之一。
) 句子中the certificate of quality and quantity or weight issued by themanufacturer shall be part of the documents for payment underrelevant L/C是主语从句, it是形式主语; It is mutually agreed用的是被动语态, 意思相当于Both Parties agree, 但前者比后者要正式3.5商务英语中大量存在着被动语态、祈使句、非谓语动词和情态动词。
为了做到语言简洁、内容表达客观公正和有关事项描述的准确无误, 在商务英语的使用中常出现大量的被动语态、祈使句、非谓语动词、情态动词以及各种从句。
如: In case thecontract is concluded on CIF basis, the insurance shall be effectedby the Seller for 110% of invoice value covering all risks, warrisk,S.R.C.C.risks (i.e.Strikes, Riot, and Civil Commotions).( 在到岸价基础上订立的合同, 将由卖方按发票金额110%投保综合险、战争险、罢工险、暴乱险和民变险。
) 这是一份合同中有关保险的内容, 句子中用了被动语态( is concluded, shall be effected)、非谓语动词( covering all risks?) 、情态动词( shall) , 另外还用了in case 引导的条件句。
四、商务英语的文化意识在西方由于种族渊源,自然环境,宗教信仰,经济发展程度等因素的不同,构成了各不相同的文化体系,从而人们的观念传统,思维方式,价值取向以及语言表达等也大相径庭。
在一种文化中被看成是自信和有专业能力的行为,在另一种文化有可能被视为傲慢或对对方缺乏兴趣的表现。
在一种文化中被看作是柔弱的东西,如自我批评,修正自己的观点或从多种视角来看问题等,在跨文化交际中有可能是实现共同交际目的的最重要的前提之一。
在商界,因为公司主管们不熟悉客户所在国的风俗习惯和文化传统而蒙受损失的事屡屡发生。
因此商务英语的学习者必须意识到许多文化差异的存在及其对商业和个人生活的影响,避免出现“文化冲突”。
五、翻译原则和商务英语翻译原则5.1翻译是一种跨越时空的语言活动是“把一种语言已经表达出来的东西用另一种语言准确而完整的表达出来”是“从语义到文体在译入语中用最切近二又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息”翻译虽为个体所承做却是一种社会活动一门综合性很强的学科集邮很强的理论性又有丰富的实践内涵。
翻译是人类社会活动的产物是人类进步的需要。
人类社会要发展就需要在不同文化的民族之间进行沟通这一过程离不开翻译。
正如张培基所说“Translating it is that openeth the window to let in the light that breaketh the shell that we may eat the kernnel”翻译是门科学也是没艺术还是一种创造性工作。